TWI881454B - Antenna structure - Google Patents

Abstract

An antenna structure is electrically fixed onto a main board of an electronic apparatus and includes a circuit board, a high-frequency radiation layer, and a low-frequency radiation layer. The circuit board is a square body with a front surface, a back surface, a top surface, a bottom surface, and two side surfaces. The high-frequency radiation layer is arranged on the front surface of the circuit board and includes a high-frequency coupling edge thereon. The low-frequency radiation layer is arranged on the back surface of the circuit board and includes a low-frequency coupling edge thereon. Moreover, the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer do not overlap each other. The high-frequency coupling edge and the low-frequency coupling edge couple together to generate a bandwidth of a transmitting-receiving frequency of the antenna structure.

Description

Antenna structure

The present invention relates to an antenna, in particular to an upright antenna structure welded on a circuit board.

As the Internet becomes more popular, people are becoming more and more dependent on it, and more and more Internet devices have been developed, such as Wi-Fi products, network communication products, Internet of Things, network cameras (IP CAM), routers or modems, etc. Most of the antenna structures used in these devices are made of copper foil on the circuit board with different radiation layer patterns to receive and transmit signals.

In the design of the antenna structure in the past, a printed circuit board is provided, and the patterns of the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer are respectively made on the front and back of the printed circuit board. After the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer are electrically connected to the ground layer of the motherboard, the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer are coupled to produce a bandwidth that can receive and transmit frequencies. Although the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer are disposed on the front and back of the printed circuit board, the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer overlap each other, causing mutual interference, blocking or shielding, resulting in a reduction in the transmitting and receiving performance characteristics of the antenna structure.

Most of the antenna structures currently used are vertically welded on the motherboard of the electronic device. When the vertical antenna structure is welded to the motherboard, the antenna structure directly welds the electrode layer on the circuit board to the electrode layer of the motherboard. Since the electrode layer of the antenna structure is used in a large area or in large quantities, the copper material used is relatively large, which will lead to an increase in manufacturing costs. In addition, when the vertical antenna structure is welded to the motherboard, one or more holes must be drilled at the position of the motherboard where the antenna structure is welded, so that the antenna structure can be directly inserted into the hole in a vertical manner, so that the electrode layer on the antenna structure can be electrically fixed to the electrode layer at the edge of the hole. In this way, although the antenna structure can be welded upright on the motherboard, such a design will destroy the original structural design of the motherboard, thus resulting in a labor-intensive and time-consuming manufacturing process.

Furthermore, during the design process of the radiation layer of the vertical antenna structure, when the receiving and transmitting frequency of the radiation layer is to reach a certain receiving and transmitting frequency, if the area of the antenna structure itself is insufficient, it will make it difficult to design the pattern shape of the radiation layer, and it is necessary to make another radiation layer on the motherboard to electrically connect with the radiation layer on the antenna structure to extend the length of the radiation layer of the antenna structure. This will increase the difficulty of manufacturing the antenna structure and the motherboard.

Therefore, how to improve the receiving and transmitting frequency performance characteristics of the antenna structure and reduce the manufacturing cost of the antenna structure without destroying the original motherboard structure design and extending the length of the radiation layer according to the receiving and transmitting frequency of the antenna structure is the main problem to be solved by the present invention.

Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to solve the traditional defects. The present invention redesigns the antenna structure so that the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer on the antenna structure do not overlap, interfere, block or shield each other, and can reduce the manufacturing cost of the antenna structure without destroying the original structural design of the motherboard. The length of the radiation layer can be extended according to the transmission and reception frequency of the antenna structure.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an antenna structure, which is electrically fixed to a motherboard of an electronic device, comprising: a circuit board, a high-frequency radiation layer and a low-frequency radiation layer. The circuit board is a square body, having a front side, a back side, a top side, a bottom side and two side sides. The high-frequency radiation layer is disposed on the front side of the circuit board, and has a high-frequency coupling side thereon. The low-frequency radiation layer is disposed on the back side of the circuit board, and has a low-frequency coupling side thereon. The high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer do not overlap each other, and the high-frequency coupling edge and the low-frequency coupling edge are used to couple out the bandwidth of the receiving and transmitting frequency of the antenna structure.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the high-frequency coupling edge includes a high-frequency straight edge and a high-frequency oblique edge.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-frequency radiation layer is disposed on the front side of the circuit board, and the back side of the circuit board includes a bare area, and the bare area is further provided with another high-frequency radiation layer. The high-frequency radiation layer in the bare area on the back side overlaps and is electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation layer on the front side to form a dual-path high-frequency radiation layer.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the low-frequency radiation layer includes a first low-frequency radiation layer and a second low-frequency radiation layer; in addition, the first low-frequency radiation layer is disposed on the back surface of the circuit board, and the first low-frequency radiation layer includes the low-frequency coupling edge, and the low-frequency coupling edge includes a low-frequency straight edge and a low-frequency oblique edge.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the second low-frequency radiation layer is U-shaped and disposed on a bare area on the front side of the circuit board, and overlaps and is electrically connected to the first low-frequency radiation layer on the back side of the circuit board to form a dual-path low-frequency radiation layer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of the high frequency radiation layer is 5.15 GHZ~5.85 GH _Z and 5.925 _{GH Z} ~7.125 GH _Z.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of the low frequency radiation layer is 2.4 _GHz ~ 2.5 _GHz .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-frequency coupling edge and the low-frequency coupling edge are symmetrical or asymmetrical in graphic design.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-frequency coupling edge and the low-frequency coupling edge are straight edges, oblique edges, polygons, or a mixture of two or more shapes.

In one embodiment of the present invention, there is a coupling distance between the high-frequency coupling edge and the low-frequency coupling edge.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the coupling distance is 0 mm to 8 mm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the coupling distance is 0 mm to 3 mm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the bottom edge of the circuit board further includes a half-hole electrode layer, one of the half-hole electrode layers is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer on the front side of the circuit board and an electrode layer in a bare area on the back side, and the other half-hole electrode layer is electrically connected to the low-frequency radiation layer on the back side of the circuit board and an electrode layer in a bare area on the front side.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the bottom edge of the circuit board further includes a half-hole electrode layer, one of the half-hole electrode layers is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer on the front side of the circuit board and another high-frequency radiation layer in a bare area on the back side, and the other half-hole electrode layer is electrically connected to a first low-frequency radiation layer of the low-frequency radiation layer on the back side of the circuit board and a second low-frequency radiation layer in a bare area on the front side.

In one embodiment of the present invention, one of the side edges or the top edge of the circuit board further includes a half-hole electrode layer, and the half-hole electrode layer is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer, so that the radiation pattern of the antenna structure is better.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the semi-hole electrode layer is semi-circular, semi-elliptical or polygonal.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the top side or one of the sides of the circuit board further includes a side radiation layer, and the side radiation layer is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer to make the radiation pattern of the antenna structure better.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the front and back sides of the motherboard each have a symmetrical first grounding layer, a second grounding layer, a first clear area and a second clear area, and the first clear area has a first electrode fixing layer and a second electrode fixing layer; in addition, a signal feeding layer coupled with the first grounding layer is provided on the front side of the motherboard, and the signal feeding layer is electrically connected to the first electrode fixing layer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode fixing layer and the second electrode fixing layer are respectively electrically connected to a matching element and the first ground layer, and the antenna characteristics are adjusted by the matching element.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the first clear area and the second clear area is 10 mm to 20 mm and the width is 3 mm to 8 mm.

The technical content and detailed description of the present invention are now described as follows with reference to the drawings:

Please refer to Figures 1 to 4, which are the antenna structure and motherboard decomposition of the first embodiment of the present invention, the decomposition of the antenna structure and motherboard from another perspective of Figure 1, and the three-dimensional combination schematic diagram of Figures 1 and 2. As shown in the figure: the vertical antenna structure of the present invention, the antenna structure 10 includes: a circuit board 1, a high-frequency radiation layer 2 and a low-frequency radiation layer 3. Among them, the high-frequency radiation layer 2 and the low-frequency radiation layer 3 do not overlap, interfere, block or shield each other, so as to increase the antenna receiving and transmitting performance.

The circuit board 1 is in the shape of a square, and has a front side 11, a back side 12, a top side 13, a bottom side 14 and two side sides 15. In this figure, the circuit board 1 is a printed circuit board.

The high frequency radiation layer 2 is disposed on the front surface 11 of the circuit board 1. The high frequency radiation layer 2 is provided with a high frequency coupling edge 21. The high frequency coupling edge 21 includes a high frequency straight edge 211 and a high frequency oblique edge 212. In this figure, the frequency of the high frequency radiation layer 2 is 5.15 _GHz ~ 5.85 _GHz and 5.925 _GHz ~ 7.125 _GHz .

It is worth mentioning that the high-frequency radiation layer 2 is disposed on the front side 11 of the circuit board 1, and the back side 12 of the circuit board 1 further includes a bare area 121. The bare area 121 is further provided with an electrode layer 5 or another high-frequency radiation layer (not shown in the figure). The high-frequency radiation layer of the bare area 121 of the back side 12 overlaps and is electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation layer 2 of the front side 11 of the circuit board 1 to form a dual-path high-frequency radiation layer 2 design to increase the transceiver performance of the antenna structure 10.

The low-frequency radiation layer 3 includes a first low-frequency radiation layer 31 and a second low-frequency radiation layer 32. In addition, the first low-frequency radiation layer 31 is disposed on the back surface 12 of the circuit board 1, and does not overlap, interfere, block or shield the high-frequency radiation layer 2. The first low-frequency radiation layer 31 also has a low-frequency coupling edge 33, and the low-frequency coupling edge 33 includes a low-frequency straight edge 331 and a low-frequency oblique edge 332. Furthermore, the second low-frequency radiation layer 32 is U-shaped and disposed on the bare area 111 of the front surface 11 of the circuit board 1, and overlaps and is electrically connected to the first low-frequency radiation layer 31 of the back surface 12 of the circuit board 1. Since the first low-frequency radiation layer 31 and the second low-frequency radiation layer 32 of the low-frequency radiation layer 3 are disposed on the front surface 11 and the back surface 12 of the circuit board 1, respectively, to form a dual-path low-frequency radiation layer 3 design, the efficiency of the low-frequency radiation layer 3 can be improved. In this figure, the frequency of the low-frequency radiation layer 3 is 2.4 _GHz ~ 2.5 _GHz .

When the antenna structure 10 of the present invention is used with a motherboard 20 of an electronic device, the front and back sides of the motherboard 20 each have a symmetrical first grounding layer 201, a second grounding layer 202, a first clear area 203, and a second clear area 204. The first clear area 203 of the motherboard 20 has a first electrode fixing layer 205 and a second electrode fixing layer 206. In addition, a signal feeding layer 207 coupled with the first grounding layer 201 is provided on the front of the motherboard 201. The signal feeding layer 207 is electrically connected to the first electrode fixing layer 205. At the same time, the first electrode fixing layer 205 and the second electrode fixing layer 206 are electrically connected to a matching element (inductor or capacitor) (not shown in the figure) and the first grounding layer 201, respectively, so as to adjust the antenna characteristics by the matching element, and the antenna can be adjusted to the best receiving and transmitting effect. In this figure, the length (L) of the first clear area 203 and the second clear area 204 is 10mm~20mm and the width (W) is 3mm~8mm.

When the antenna structure 10 and the motherboard 20 are welded, the high-frequency radiation layer 2 and the electrode layer 5 on the circuit board 1 are electrically fixed to the first electrode fixing layer 205 , and the first low-frequency radiation layer 31 and the second low-frequency radiation layer 32 of the low-frequency radiation layer 3 are electrically fixed to the second electrode fixing layer 206 .

Please refer to FIG5, which is a front view schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure: the high-frequency radiation layer 2 and the low-frequency radiation layer 3 of the antenna structure 10 of the present invention are respectively arranged on the front 11 and the back 12 of the circuit board 1, and the high-frequency radiation layer 2 and the low-frequency radiation layer 3 do not overlap, interfere, block or shield each other, and the high-frequency coupling edge 21 of the high-frequency radiation layer 2 and the low-frequency coupling edge 33 of the low-frequency radiation layer 3 are coupled to produce the receiving and transmitting frequency characteristics and performance of the antenna structure 10.

Moreover, the high-frequency coupling edge 21 and the low-frequency coupling edge 33 of the high-frequency radiation layer 2 and the low-frequency radiation layer 3 can use symmetrical or asymmetrical graphic designs, such as straight edges, oblique edges or polygons, or a mixture of two or more shapes, so that the bandwidth of the high-frequency radiation layer 2 and the low-frequency radiation layer 3 can be increased.

In addition, the coupling distance 30 between the high-frequency coupling edge 21 of the high-frequency radiation layer 2 and the low-frequency coupling edge 33 of the low-frequency radiation layer 3 is used to achieve the required characteristics of the antenna structure 10. Compared with the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer of the old antenna structure in the past, which overlap, interfere, block or shield each other, the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer of the antenna structure 10 of the present invention do not overlap, interfere, block or shield each other, which can improve the efficiency, field pattern and measured data of the antenna structure 10. In this figure, the coupling distance 30 is 0mm~8mm, and 0mm~3mm is the best.

Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure: this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that the circuit board 1 further includes a half-hole electrode layer 4, which is respectively arranged on the bottom edge 14 of the circuit board 1, one of the half-hole electrode layers 4 is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer 2 on the front side 11 of the circuit board 1 and the electrode layer 5 or another high-frequency radiation layer (not shown in the figure) in the bare area 121 on the back side 12, and the other half-hole electrode layer 4 is electrically connected to the low-frequency radiation layer 3 or the first low-frequency radiation layer 31 on the back side 12 of the circuit board 1 and the electrode layer (not shown in the figure) or the second low-frequency radiation layer 32 in the bare area 111 on the front side 11.

The design of the half-hole electrode layer 4 is to reduce the manufacturing cost of the antenna structure 10, and to electrically fix the antenna structure 10 with the first electrode fixing layer 205 and the second electrode fixing layer 206 on the motherboard 20 without destroying the original structure of the motherboard 20. In this figure, the half-hole electrode layer 4 is semicircular, semi-elliptical or polygonal.

Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure: this embodiment is substantially the same as the first and second embodiments, except that the half-hole electrode layer 4a can be arranged on the bottom edge 14 as an electrode layer, and the half-hole electrode 4a can also be arranged on the top edge 13 of the circuit board 1 and electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer 2, so that the radiation field pattern of the antenna structure 10 is better, so as to improve the receiving and transmitting performance and gain of the antenna structure.

Please refer to FIG8 , which is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure: this embodiment is substantially the same as the first and second embodiments, except that a side radiation layer 6 is further included on the top edge 13 or one side edge 15 of the circuit board 1, and the side radiation layer 6 is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer 2, so that the radiation pattern of the antenna structure 10 is better, thereby improving the receiving and transmitting performance and gain of the antenna structure 10.

However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the patent protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the description or drawings of the present invention are also included in the scope of protection of the present invention and are appropriately stated.

10: Antenna structure 1: Circuit board 11: Front 111: Bare area 12: Back 121: Bare area 13: Top edge 14: Bottom edge 15: Side edges 2: High-frequency radiation layer 21: High-frequency coupling edge 211: High-frequency straight edge 212: High-frequency oblique edge 3: Low-frequency radiation layer 31: First low-frequency radiation layer 32: Second low-frequency radiation layer 33: Low-frequency coupling edge 331: Low-frequency straight edge 332: Low-frequency oblique edge 4, 4a: Half-hole electrode layer 5: Electrode layer 6: Side radiation layer 20: Motherboard 201: First ground layer 202: Second ground layer 203: First clear space 204: Second clear space 205: First electrode fixing layer 206: Second electrode fixing layer 207: Signal feeding layer

FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of the antenna structure and the motherboard of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure and motherboard exploded from another angle of Figure 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional combination of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly of FIG. 2;

FIG5 is a front view schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

10: Antenna structure

1: Circuit board

11: Front

111: Naked area

12: Back

121: Naked area

13: Top edge

14: Bottom edge

15: Both sides

2: High frequency radiation layer

21: High frequency coupling edge

211: High frequency straight line edge

212: High frequency slash edge

3: Low frequency radiation layer

31: The first low-frequency radiation layer

32: Second low-frequency radiation layer

33: Low frequency coupling edge

331: Low frequency straight line edge

332: low frequency oblique edge

5: Electrode layer

20: Motherboard

201: First ground layer

202: Second ground layer

203: The first clear area

204: Second clear area

205: First electrode fixing layer

206: Second electrode fixing layer

207:Signal Feed Layer

Claims (20)

An antenna structure is electrically fixed to a motherboard of an electronic device in a vertical manner, comprising: a circuit board in a square shape, having a front face, a back face, a top side, a bottom side and two side sides; a high-frequency radiation layer disposed on the front face of the circuit board, having a high-frequency coupling side; a low-frequency radiation layer disposed on the back face of the circuit board, having a low-frequency coupling side; wherein the high-frequency radiation layer and the low-frequency radiation layer do not overlap each other, and the high-frequency coupling side and the low-frequency coupling side are used to couple the bandwidth of the receiving and transmitting frequency of the antenna structure. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, wherein the high-frequency coupling edge includes a high-frequency straight edge and a high-frequency oblique edge. The antenna structure as described in claim 2, wherein the high-frequency radiation layer is disposed on the front side of the circuit board, and the back side of the circuit board includes a bare area, and the bare area is further provided with another high-frequency radiation layer, and the high-frequency radiation layer in the bare area on the back side is overlapped and electrically connected with the high-frequency radiation layer on the front side to form a dual-path high-frequency radiation layer. The antenna structure as described in claim 3, wherein the low-frequency radiation layer includes a first low-frequency radiation layer and a second low-frequency radiation layer; in addition, the first low-frequency radiation layer is disposed on the back surface of the circuit board, the first low-frequency radiation layer includes the low-frequency coupling edge, and the low-frequency coupling edge includes a low-frequency straight edge and a low-frequency oblique edge. The antenna structure as described in claim 4, wherein the second low-frequency radiation layer is U-shaped and disposed on a bare area on the front side of the circuit board, and overlaps and is electrically connected to the first low-frequency radiation layer on the back side of the circuit board to form a dual-path low-frequency radiation layer. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, wherein the frequency of the high-frequency radiation layer is 5.15 _GHz ~ 5.85 _GHz and 5.925 _GHz ~ 7.125 _GHz . The antenna structure as described in claim 1, wherein the frequency of the low-frequency radiation layer is 2.4 _GHz ~ 2.5 _GHz . The antenna structure as described in claim 1, wherein the high-frequency coupling edge and the low-frequency coupling edge are symmetrical or asymmetrical graphic designs. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, wherein the high-frequency coupling edge and the low-frequency coupling edge are straight edges, oblique edges or polygons, or a mixture of two or more shapes. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, wherein there is a coupling distance between the high-frequency coupling edge and the low-frequency coupling edge. The antenna structure as described in claim 10, wherein the coupling distance is 0mm~8mm. The antenna structure as described in claim 11, wherein the coupling distance is 0mm~3mm. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, wherein the bottom side of the circuit board further includes a half-hole electrode layer, one of the half-hole electrode layers is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer on the front side of the circuit board and an electrode layer in a bare area on the back side, and the other half-hole electrode layer is electrically connected to the low-frequency radiation layer on the back side of the circuit board and an electrode layer in a bare area on the front side. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, wherein the bottom side of the circuit board further includes a half-hole electrode layer, one of the half-hole electrode layers is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer on the front side of the circuit board and another high-frequency radiation layer in a bare area on the back side, and the other half-hole electrode layer is electrically connected to a first low-frequency radiation layer of the low-frequency radiation layer on the back side of the circuit board and a second low-frequency radiation layer in a bare area on the front side. The antenna structure as described in claim 14, wherein one of the side edges or the top edge of the circuit board further includes a half-hole electrode layer, and the half-hole electrode layer is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer, so that the radiation field pattern of the antenna structure is better. The antenna structure as described in claim 14, wherein the half-hole electrode layer is semicircular, semi-elliptical or polygonal. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, wherein the top side or one of the sides of the circuit board further comprises a side radiation layer, and the side radiation layer is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation layer, so that the radiation pattern of the antenna structure is better. The antenna structure as described in claim 1, wherein the front and back sides of the motherboard each have a symmetrical first grounding layer, a second grounding layer, a first clear area and a second clear area, and the first clear area has a first electrode fixing layer and a second electrode fixing layer; in addition, a signal feeding layer coupled with the first grounding layer is provided on the front side of the motherboard, and the signal feeding layer is electrically connected to the first electrode fixing layer. The antenna structure as described in claim 18, wherein the first electrode fixing layer and the second electrode fixing layer are respectively electrically connected to a matching element and the first ground layer, and the matching element is used to adjust the antenna characteristics. The antenna structure as described in claim 18, wherein the length of the first clear area and the second clear area is 10mm~20mm and the width is 3mm~8mm.

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