TWI881298B - Quasi-solid-state battery system structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a quasi-solid battery system structure, which includes: a high-porosity electronically insulating polyimide film, the polyimide film is an electronically insulating substrate carrier with a high porosity, and the polyimide film has a plurality of pores; a colloidal electrolyte is infused and filled in the plurality of pores of the polyimide film, so that the polyimide film constitutes a quasi-solid electrolyte of a quasi-solid battery, and serves as a carrier for electrolyte storage; thereby, the quasi-solid electrolyte can be electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes. It saves the need for a separator and eliminates the risk of battery electrolyte leakage, which greatly increases the safety of the battery. It also ensures good contact and low resistance between the positive and negative electrodes, reduces energy consumption during charging and discharging, and facilitates the charging and discharging effect. It also has excellent economic benefits in the manufacture of solid batteries. At the same time, it makes solid batteries feasible as soft-package batteries, thereby increasing their application range.

Description

Quasi-solid-state battery system structure

The present invention relates to a quasi-solid battery structure, in particular to a quasi-solid electrolyte structure that uses an insulating high-porous substrate of a polyimide membrane and infuses a colloidal electrolyte into its pores to form a quasi-solid battery.

According to traditional lithium batteries, in addition to the composite structural materials of conductive metal and graphite used for the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, liquid electrolyte is used as the flow medium of lithium ions. Therefore, after being hit or squeezed, the isolation membrane may rupture or the liquid electrolyte may leak out, causing safety problems such as positive and negative electrode short circuit, heat generation, fire and explosion. Therefore, for safety considerations, the design and development of quasi-solid batteries are developed.

Solid-state batteries are batteries that use solid electrodes and solid electrolytes. Solid-state batteries use solid electrolytes to replace liquid electrolytes and diaphragms to avoid leakage of electrolyte liquids, which can cause short circuits and explosions between the positive and negative electrodes. At the same time, the energy density is also increased. It is an important development technology field for electric vehicle batteries.

However, since solid-state batteries use solid electrolytes, the contact surface between the solid electrolyte and the electrode tends to produce a larger interface resistance, making the solid-state battery easy to heat up during charging and discharging, affecting the performance and quality of the solid-state battery, which is obviously not an ideal design.

Furthermore, since the positive and negative electrodes of solid batteries are solid electrodes and the solid electrolyte has low toughness, it is not easy to meet the demand for soft-packaged batteries. In addition, the manufacturing cost of solid batteries is much higher than that of traditional lithium batteries, which will hinder the large-scale mass production of solid batteries, and there is also a need to improve them.

Therefore, the inventor of the present invention, in view of the shortcomings of solid-state batteries and the fact that their structural design is not ideal, has started to research and develop solutions, hoping to develop a quasi-solid state battery system structure (Quasi-Solid State Batteries) to promote the development of this industry. After a long period of thinking, the present invention was born.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quasi-solid battery system structure that can save the need for a separator between the positive and negative electrodes and eliminate the risk of battery electrolyte leakage, thereby greatly increasing the safety of the battery.

Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a quasi-solid battery system structure that can improve the contact between the positive and negative electrodes and the electrolyte to reduce the resistance, thereby facilitating the charging and discharging effect and reducing energy consumption, and having excellent economic benefits in the manufacture of solid batteries.

Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a quasi-solid-state battery system structure that enables solid-state batteries to have the feasibility of soft-package batteries and further increase their scope of application.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical means adopted by the present invention include: a high-porosity electronically insulating polyimide film, which is an electronically insulating substrate carrier with high porosity and has multiple pores; a colloidal electrolyte, which is infused and filled in the multiple pores of the polyimide film, so that the polyimide film constitutes a quasi-solid electrolyte of a quasi-solid battery.

In this embodiment, the plurality of pores are distributed on all sides and inside of the polyimide membrane.

In this embodiment, the colloidal electrolyte is scraped into the multiple pores of the polyimide membrane using a doctor blade forming method.

In this embodiment, the colloidal electrolyte is poured into the multiple pores of the polyimide membrane by slush casting or centrifugal casting.

In this embodiment, the quasi-solid electrolyte is assembled with the positive and negative electrodes of a battery to form a quasi-solid battery.

In this embodiment, the material of the positive electrode is aluminum iron phosphate or lithium cobalt manganese ternary system, and the negative electrode is a graphite or graphene electrode of a lithium battery.

In this embodiment, the polyimide film includes: isophthalic polyimide film and biphenyl polyimide film.

In order to enable the review committee to have a deeper understanding and knowledge of the technology, method features and effects achieved by this invention, we would like to provide better implementation diagrams and detailed descriptions as follows:

10: Polyimide film

11: Porosity

12: Colloidal electrolyte

Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the polyimide film substrate of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged view of the multi-pores of the polyimide membrane substrate of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a partial enlarged view of the polyimide film substrate of the present invention after filling the colloidal electrolyte.

The figures disclosed in the present invention are preferred embodiments of the quasi-solid battery system structure of the present invention. These figures are schematic diagrams for the convenience of explanation. They only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the displayed components are not limited to the same shape and size ratio in actual implementation. The shape and size ratio in actual implementation are a selective design.

Please refer to Figures 1 and 2 for illustrating an embodiment of a quasi-solid battery system structure of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present embodiment provides a quasi-solid electrolyte, which includes a high-porosity electronically insulating polyimide film 10 (Polyimide film). The polyimide film 10 is an electronically insulating substrate carrier with high porosity, which has a plurality of pores 11. The plurality of pores 11 of the polyimide film 10 are distributed on the peripheral surfaces and the interior of the polyimide film 10. The polyimide film 10 can be a thin film/membrane material, but the thickness is not limited.

The polyimide film 10 (Polyimide film), for example, includes a pyrophenylene type polyimide film and a biphenylene type polyimide film. The pyrophenylene type polyimide film can be made from pyrophenylene tetracarboxylic anhydride and diaminodiphenyl ether, such as the product of DuPont Company of the United States (trade name Kapton); the biphenylene type polyimide film can be made from biphenylene tetracarboxylic anhydride and diphenyl ether diamine (R type) or metaphenylene diamine (S type), such as the product of Ube Industries, Ltd. of Japan (trade name Upilex); but the type of the polyimide film is not limited.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the pores 11 of the polyimide membrane 10 are filled with a colloidal electrolyte 12, and the colloidal electrolyte 12 is filled in the pores 11. The colloidal electrolyte 12 can be filled in the pores 11 by scraping the colloidal electrolyte 12 into the pores 11 of the polyimide membrane 10 using a doctor blade molding method, or by slush casting or centrifugal slurry casting. For example, the centrifugal slurry casting method is to place the polyimide membrane 10 on the inner wall of the centrifuge, then inject the colloidal electrolyte 12 into the centrifuge and start it again, so that the colloidal electrolyte 12 naturally fills into the multiple pores 11, and then takes it out. The method used to fill the colloidal electrolyte 12 into the multiple pores 11 is not limited.

After the polyimide membrane 10 of the present invention is perfused and filled with the colloidal electrolyte 12 in the plurality of pores 11, the peripheral surfaces and the plurality of internal pores 11 of the polyimide membrane 10 are all filled with the colloidal electrolyte 12, thereby forming a quasi-solid electrolyte of a quasi-solid battery system structure. Therefore, the quasi-solid electrolyte of the quasi-solid battery system structure formed by the present embodiment can be assembled into a positive and negative electrode of a battery, and the positive electrode can be a variety of different positive electrode materials, such as the commonly used aluminum iron phosphate, lithium cobalt manganese ternary system, etc. (but not limited to), and the negative electrode can be a graphite or graphene electrode of a traditional lithium battery, and is matched with the quasi-solid electrolyte of the present invention to form a quasi-solid battery.

Since the quasi-solid battery system structure of the present invention uses the electronically insulating polyimide film 10 as the substrate, and the colloidal electrolyte 12 is filled in the plurality of pores 11 as the electrolyte (quasi-solid electrolyte) of the battery, the arrangement of the diaphragm as in the conventional technology can be eliminated between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and the colloidal electrolyte 12 replaces the arrangement of the liquid electrolyte as in the conventional technology, so that the contact between the electrolyte of the quasi-solid battery and its positive and negative electrodes is good, which greatly reduces the internal interface resistance, and greatly improves the charging and discharging effect of the quasi-solid battery, and at the same time there will be no leakage of the electrolyte liquid, thus avoiding the safety problems of battery alkali leakage and positive and negative electrode contact short circuit. Therefore, the quasi-solid-state battery system structure of the present invention can be made quite simple by these designs, and can reduce the manufacturing cost of solid-state batteries, and has extremely good economic benefits in manufacturing and application.

Furthermore, the quasi-solid battery system structure of the present invention has considerable flexibility and toughness by using the insulating polyimide film 10 as the substrate (carrier), so that the assembled solid battery also has considerable flexibility and toughness, and has the design development potential of forming a soft package battery for the solid battery, thereby further increasing the breadth of its application range.

The quasi-solid-state battery system structure of the present invention is constructed as described above, which enables the assembled solid-state battery to have excellent battery manufacturing and application benefits, and can be widely used in the electric vehicle industry and energy storage system industry, and has great industrial applicability.

In summary, this invention is indeed a very excellent creative idea, and a patent application for the invention is filed in accordance with the law; however, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, and all changes extended from the technical means of the invention should fall within the scope of the patent application of the invention.

10: Polyimide film

11: Porosity

12: Colloidal electrolyte

Claims (6)

A quasi-solid battery system structure includes: an electronically insulating polyimide film, the polyimide film is an electronically insulating substrate carrier, the polyimide film has a plurality of pores, and the polyimide film is a selection of a homophenylene polyimide film or a biphenylene polyimide film; a colloidal electrolyte is infused and filled in the plurality of pores of the polyimide film, so that the polyimide film constitutes a quasi-solid electrolyte of a quasi-solid battery. For example, the quasi-solid battery system structure of item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the plurality of pores are distributed on all sides and inside of the polyimide membrane. For example, in the quasi-solid battery system structure of item 1 of the patent application, the colloidal electrolyte is scraped into the multiple pores of the polyimide membrane by a doctor blade forming method. For example, in the quasi-solid battery system structure of item 1 of the patent application, the colloidal electrolyte is injected into the multiple pores of the polyimide membrane by slush casting or centrifugal casting. For example, the quasi-solid battery system structure of item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the quasi-solid electrolyte is assembled with the positive and negative electrodes of a battery to form a quasi-solid battery. For example, the quasi-solid battery system structure of item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the positive electrode material is aluminum iron phosphate or lithium cobalt manganese ternary system, and the negative electrode is the graphite or graphene electrode of this quasi-solid lithium battery.

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