TWI876715B - Transceiver - Google Patents

Abstract

A transceiver includes an antenna, a transmission circuit and a reception circuit. The antenna transmits a first wireless signal based on a transmission signal and receive a second wireless signal. The second wireless signal includes a reflected first wireless signal from an object. The antenna transmits the first wireless signal and receives the second wireless signal at the same time. The transmission circuit generates the transmission signal and output the transmission signal to a first side of the antenna. The reception circuit receives a reception signal from a second side of the antenna. The antenna outputs the reception signal based on the second wireless signal. The first side is different from the second side.

Description

Transceiver

The present disclosure relates to a transceiver, and more particularly to a transceiver including an antenna having two feed-back regions.

In the field of wireless communications, the use of dual-polarized antennas to perform the reception and transmission of wireless signals is a common application. However, in order to perform the transmission and reception functions of dual-polarized antennas, the common method is to use a receiving dual-polarized antenna to receive external wireless signals into the system, and use a transmitting dual-polarized antenna to transmit wireless signals from the system to the outside. Although this architecture can perform the transmission and reception of wireless signals, since two dual-polarized antennas, the receiving dual-polarized antenna and the transmitting dual-polarized antenna, are required, the volume occupied by the dual-polarized antenna is relatively large, making it difficult to reduce the volume of the overall system.

The embodiment provides a transceiver, comprising a transmitting circuit, an antenna and a processing unit. The transmitting circuit is used to generate a transmitting signal according to an input signal. The antenna is used to transmit a first wireless signal according to the transmitting signal, receive a second wireless signal when transmitting the first wireless signal, the second wireless signal includes a wireless signal reflected from an object, and output a receiving signal according to the second wireless signal and the transmitting signal. The processing unit is used to receive a receiving signal from the antenna, and generate spatial information of the object according to the receiving signal and without receiving the input signal.

The embodiment provides a transceiver, comprising a transmitting circuit, an antenna, a sensing circuit and a processing unit. The transmitting circuit is used to generate a transmitting signal. The antenna is used to transmit a first wireless signal according to the transmitting signal, and when transmitting the first wireless signal, receive a second wireless signal, wherein the second wireless signal comprises a wireless signal reflected from an object. The sensing circuit is used to receive the transmitting signal and a receiving signal from the antenna, the sensing circuit comprises a receiving circuit for receiving the receiving signal, and the antenna outputs the receiving signal according to the second wireless signal. The processing unit is used to generate spatial information of the object according to a processing signal output by the sensing circuit.

The embodiment provides a transceiver, comprising a transmitting circuit, an antenna and a processing unit. The transmitting circuit is used to generate a transmitting signal. The antenna is used to transmit a first wireless signal according to the transmitting signal, and when transmitting the first wireless signal, receive a second wireless signal, the second wireless signal includes a wireless signal reflected from an object, and output a receiving signal according to the second wireless signal and the transmitting signal. The processing unit is used to receive a receiving signal from the antenna, and generate spatial information of the object according to the receiving signal. An isolation between the transmitting signal and the receiving signal is not more than 60 decibels.

100,200,300,400,500,600,700,800,900,1000,1300,4800,4900,5000,5100: Wireless signal transceiver

110,710,1010,1030: Transmitter circuit

115: Coupler

120,720,1020,1040: receiving circuit

125: Coupler

140:Joining nodes

150:Sensor element

162: Envelope capture circuit

1622: Rectifier

1624:Low-pass filter

164: Motion detector

310: Circuit

5200,5300,5302,5400,5500,5600: transceiver

5410,5420,5430,5560,5580: matching network

5405,5407,5510,5520: Port

a1,a2,b1: curve

A1,A31,A2,A42:Amplifier

AA1,AA2,θ,θ1,θ2: Angle

AN,AN1,AN2,ANA,ANB: dual-polarized antennas

APA: Additional Sections

CL: Conductive wire

CPW: Coplanar Waveguide

CT: Antenna Shape Center

CT0: Shape center

D1,D11,D21,D2,D12,D22,D3,D4: side

111,112,DR10,DR20: Reference lines

DR1,DR2:Direction

E1, E2: Radiated electric field

F1,F2,F3,F4,F111,F112,FE: Feedback element

F1A, F111A, F112A: Strip conductor

F1B, F111B, F112B: Transmission line

fa1,fa2,fb:frequency

FZ1, FZ2, FZ3, FZ4, FZ111, FZ112: Feedback area

FP1, FP2: Feedback point

FZC1, FZC2: Regional shape center

GND: Ground

GP: Gap

HL,H1,H2: Holes

L1,L2,L10,DT:Distance

LC1, LC2, LC3: Conductive layer

LI, LI1, LI2: Insulation layer

MP1,MP2: midpoint

OBJ: Object

PA: patch

PA1,PA2,PA3:Partial

PB, PB1, PB2: needle body

PU: Processing Unit

SA: Processing signal

SC: Inductive circuit

SF: Spatial Information

SI1, SI2, SI: input signal

SL,SL1,SL2,SL3,SL4,SSL1,SSL2: slotting

SO, SO1, SO2: output signal

SR1,SR1A,SR2A,SR2: Receive signal

SR1’:Signal

ST1, ST1A, ST2A, ST2: Transmit signal

STX,SX1,SRX,SX2:Wireless signal

TP: Conductive top part

Figures 1 to 14 are schematic diagrams of wireless signal transceiver devices in different embodiments.

Figure 15 is a graph showing the isolation between the signals received and transmitted by the dual-polarized antenna in Figure 14 and the correlation curve with the angle shown in Figure 14.

Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver in an embodiment.

Figures 17 to 47 are schematic diagrams of dual-polarization antennas in different embodiments.

Figures 48 to 51 are schematic diagrams of wireless signal transceiver devices in different embodiments.

Figures 52 to 56 are schematic diagrams of transceivers in different embodiments.

The shape of the dual-polarized antenna described herein may be rectangular (e.g., rectangular, square), circular, elliptical, etc. The ellipse described herein may be a mathematically precisely defined ellipse (ellipse), but it may also be an oval, round, or oblong shape similar to an ellipse. Related engineering simulations and device fine-tuning may be used to optimize the signal transceiver effect in practice. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 100 of an embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 100 may include a dual-polarized antenna AN, a transmitting circuit 110, and a receiving circuit 120. The dual-polarized antenna AN may be used to transmit a wireless signal STX and substantially simultaneously receive a wireless signal SRX. The wireless signal STX is used to generate the wireless signal SRX after being reflected by an object. In one embodiment, the wireless signal STX and the wireless signal SRX are, for example, radio frequency signals. Over a period of time, since the wireless signal STX is continuously transmitted by the dual-polarization antenna AN and reflected by the object, the wireless signal SRX will also be continuously received by the dual-polarization antenna AN, that is, when the dual-polarization antenna AN continues to transmit the wireless signal STX, it will actually continue to receive the wireless signal SRX at the same time. In one embodiment, the waveform of the wireless signal STX can be fixed or vary with time.

The dual-polarization antenna AN may include feed zones FZ1 and FZ2. The dual-polarization antenna AN may have an antenna shape center CT, the feed zone FZ1 has a regional shape center FZC1, the feed zone FZ2 has a regional shape center FZC2, the connection line between the regional shape center FZC1 and the antenna shape center CT forms a direction DR1, the connection line between the regional shape center FZC2 and the antenna shape center CT forms a direction DR2, and the direction DR1 is substantially orthogonal to the direction DR2.

In the embodiments of FIG. 1 to FIG. 10 and FIG. 13, the dual-polarization antenna is a rectangle to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the feed area FZ1 of the dual-polarization antenna AN may include the first side D1 of the rectangle, and the feed area FZ2 may include the second side D2 of the rectangle, that is, the first side D1 may be orthogonal to the second side D2, and the regional shape center FZC1 and the regional shape center FZC2 are located at the center point of the first side D1 and the second side D2 respectively. According to the embodiment, the dual-polarization antenna AN may include a first antenna plane and a second antenna plane. The first antenna plane and the second antenna plane are opposite to each other. The first antenna plane and the second antenna plane are between the thickness of the dual-polarization antenna AN. The first antenna plane or the second antenna plane may be coplanar with the reference plane. That is, the dual-polarization antenna AN can be a rectangular antenna with thickness. However, as mentioned above, the dual-polarization antenna is not limited to a rectangle. The following will illustrate the implementation of the dual-polarization antenna in other shapes with pictures and text in Figures 11 and 12.

In FIG. 1 , the first side D1 may be used to receive the first transmit signal ST1, and the wireless signal STX may be related to the first transmit signal ST1. The second side D2 may be substantially orthogonal to the first side D1. According to an embodiment, the first side D1 may be adjacent to the second side D2, and the first side D1 may have substantially the same length as the second side D2. The shape of the dual-polarization antenna AN may be a square.

According to the embodiment, the polarity direction of the wireless signal wave received and transmitted by the dual-polarized antenna AN can be orthogonal to the direction of travel of the induced current, so that the wireless signal STX and the wireless signal SRX are not easy to interfere with each other on the dual-polarized antenna AN. The length of the first side D1 and the second side D2 can be about half the wavelength of the first transmission signal ST1 or the wireless signal STX.

The second side D2 may be used to output a first received signal SR1, and the first received signal SR1 may be related to the wireless signal SRX. The transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120 may be coupled to the dual-polarized antenna AN, or may be substantially insulated from the dual-polarized antenna AN. In one embodiment, the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120 are coupled to the dual-polarized antenna AN. The transmitting circuit 110 may be coupled to the first side D1 to generate a first transmitted signal ST1. The receiving circuit 120 may be coupled to the second side D2 to generate a processed signal SA, wherein the processed signal SA may be related to the first received signal SR1. According to an embodiment, the wireless signal STX may be generated based on at least the first transmission signal ST1, and the first reception signal SR1 may be generated based on the wireless signal SRX.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 200 in another embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 200 may be an embodiment of the wireless signal transceiver 100. As shown in FIG. 2, the transmitting circuit 110 may include a first amplifier A1, wherein the first transmitting signal ST1 may correspond to the output signal SO output by the first amplifier A1. The receiving circuit 120 may include a second amplifier A2, and the second amplifier A2 may be used to amplify the first receiving signal SR1 and output the processed signal SA. According to the embodiment, the output signal SO may be a single signal or a pair of signals with a specific phase difference, the first amplifier A1 may be a power amplifier, and the second amplifier A2 may be a low noise amplifier.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 300 in another embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 300 may be an embodiment of the wireless signal transceiver 100. As shown in FIG. 3 , the transmitting circuit 110 may include a combiner 115 and a first amplifier A31. The combiner 115 may be coupled between the first side D1 of the dual-polarization antenna AN and the first amplifier A31, and is used to receive the first output signal SO1 and the second output signal SO2 output by the first amplifier A31, combine the first output signal SO1 and the second output signal SO2 to generate a first transmission signal ST1, and output the first transmission signal ST1 to the first side D1. In Figure 3, the first amplifier A31 has two output terminals. The output signal of the first amplifier A31 includes a first output signal SO1 and a second output signal SO2, and the first output signal SO1 and the second output signal SO2 can be differential signals to each other.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 400 in another embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 400 may be an embodiment of the wireless signal transceiver 100. As shown in FIG. 4, the receiving circuit 120 may include a coupler 125 and a second amplifier A42. The coupler 125 may be coupled between the second side D2 of the dual-polarization antenna AN and the second amplifier A42 to receive the first receiving signal SR1, convert the first receiving signal SR1 into the first input signal SI1 and the second input signal SI2, and output the first input signal SI1 and the second input signal SI2 to the second amplifier A42. In FIG. 4, the second amplifier A42 may generate a processing signal SA according to the first input signal SI1 and the second input signal SI2, and the first input signal SI1 and the second input signal SI2 may be differential signals to each other.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 500 in another embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 500 may be an embodiment of the wireless signal transceiver 100. The transmitting circuit 110 in FIG. 5 may include a combiner 115 and a first amplifier A31 as in FIG. 3, and the receiving circuit 120 in FIG. 5 may include a coupler 125 and a second amplifier A42 as in FIG. 4. The principle thereof will not be described in detail.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 600 in an embodiment. In this embodiment, the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120 are substantially insulated from the bipolar antenna AN. As shown in FIG. 6 , the wireless signal transceiver may include feeding elements F1 and F2. Either of the feeding elements F1 and F2 may be a T-shaped element. Taking the feeding element F1 as an example, the feeding element F1 may include a strip conductor F1A and a transmission line F1B. Similarly, the feeding element F2 may also include these two parts. The feeding element F1 can be disposed on the first side D1 of the dual-polarization antenna AN to receive the first transmission signal ST1 generated by the transmission circuit 110 and feed the first transmission signal ST1 to the dual-polarization antenna AN through electromagnetic induction, wherein the feeding element F1 and the transmission circuit 110 can be substantially insulated from the dual-polarization antenna AN. The feeding element F2 can be disposed on the second side D2 of the dual-polarization antenna AN to feed the first reception signal SR1 through electromagnetic induction and output it to the receiving circuit 120, wherein the feeding element F2 and the receiving circuit 120 can be substantially insulated from the dual-polarization antenna AN.

According to the embodiment, the feeding element F1 may be, for example (but not limited to), a T-shaped feeding element, the strip conductor F1A may be a straight strip, and is disposed correspondingly at the edge of the bipolar antenna AN, and the strip conductor F1A of the feeding element F1 and the first side D1 of the bipolar antenna AN may be disposed parallel to each other and have a first distance L1, and the length of the strip conductor F1A is approximately 0.5 to 1 times the length of the first side D1. The first distance L1 is related to the impedance corresponding to the first transmission signal ST1. The feeding element F1 may be used to receive the first transmission signal ST1 via the transmission line F1B at the middle position of the strip conductor F1A. The feeding element F2 may be, for example (but not limited to), a T-shaped feeding element, and the strip conductor of the feeding element F2 and the second side D1 of the bipolar antenna AN may be arranged in parallel with each other and have a second distance L2, and the length of the strip conductor of the feeding element F2 is approximately 0.5 to 1 times the length of the second side D2. The second distance L2 is related to the impedance corresponding to the first receiving signal SR1. The feeding element F2 may be used to output the first receiving signal SR1 through the transmission line at the middle position of the strip conductor.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 700 in an embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 700 may include a dual-polarization antenna AN, a transmitting circuit 710, and a receiving circuit 720. In addition to the first side D1 and the second side D2 mentioned above, the dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 7 may further include a third side D3 relative to the first side D1. The third side D3 is substantially orthogonal to the second side D2 and coupled to the transmitting circuit 710, and can be used to receive the second transmitting signal ST2, wherein the wireless signal STX can be generated according to the first transmitting signal ST1 and the second transmitting signal ST2. The transmitting circuit 710 can be used to output the first transmitting signal ST1 and the second transmitting signal ST2. As shown in FIG. 7 , the dual-polarization antenna AN may further include a fourth side D4 relative to the second side D2, and the fourth side D4 may be substantially orthogonal to the first side D1 and coupled to the receiving circuit 720 for outputting the second receiving signal SR2, wherein the first receiving signal SR1 and the second receiving signal SR2 may be generated according to the wireless signal SRX. The receiving circuit 720 may be used to receive the first receiving signal SR1 and the second receiving signal SR2, and generate a processing signal SA according to the first receiving signal SR1 and the second receiving signal SR2. The first transmitting signal ST1 and the second transmitting signal ST2 may be differential signals to each other, and the first receiving signal SR1 and the second receiving signal SR2 may be differential signals to each other. The relationship between the third side D3, the fourth side D4 and their corresponding feed areas and the antenna shape center CT is similar to the relationship between the first side D1 and the second side D2 and their corresponding feed areas FZ1, FZ2 and the antenna shape center CT in Figure 1, and will not be described again. However, the third reference line formed by the line connecting the regional shape center of the feed area corresponding to the third side D3 and the antenna shape center CT will be opposite to the first direction DR1; the fourth reference line formed by the line connecting the regional shape center of the feed area corresponding to the fourth side D4 and the antenna shape center CT will be opposite to the second direction DR2.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 800 in an embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 800 is similar to FIG. 7 and will not be described further. However, as shown in FIG. 8 , the wireless signal transceiver 800 may include feeding elements F1 to F4. Similar to FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 , the bipolar antenna AN may include feeding zones FZ1 to FZ4, including a first side D1 to a fourth side D4, respectively. The feeding elements F1 and F2 may be as described above, and the feeding element F3 may be similar to the feeding element F1 and may be disposed at the third side D3 of the bipolar antenna AN to receive the second transmission signal ST2 and feed the second transmission signal ST2 to the bipolar antenna AN through electromagnetic induction. The feeding element F3 may be substantially insulated from the dual-polarization antenna AN, and the distance between the feeding element F3 and the dual-polarization antenna AN may be related to the impedance corresponding to the second transmission signal ST2. The feeding element F4 is similar to the feeding element F2 and may be disposed at the fourth side D4 of the dual-polarization antenna AN to feed the second receiving signal SR2 through electromagnetic induction and output the second receiving signal SR2 to the receiving circuit 720. The feeding element F4 may be substantially insulated from the dual-polarization antenna AN, and the distance between the feeding element F4 and the dual-polarization antenna AN may be related to the impedance corresponding to the second receiving signal SR2. The first transmission signal ST1 and the second transmission signal ST2 can be differential signals to each other, and the first reception signal SR1 and the second reception signal SR2 can be differential signals to each other. The relationship between the third side D3, the fourth side D4 and their corresponding feed areas FZ3, FZ4 and the antenna shape center CT is similar to the relationship between the first side D1 and the second side D2 and their corresponding feed areas FZ1, FZ2 and the antenna shape center CT in Figure 1, and will not be described repeatedly. However, the third direction formed by the connection line between the regional shape center of the feed area corresponding to the third side D3 and the antenna shape center CT will be opposite to the first direction DR1; the fourth reference line formed by the connection line between the regional shape center of the feed area corresponding to the fourth side D4 and the antenna shape center CT will be opposite to the second direction DR2.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 900 in an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 9, a wireless signal STX can be used to generate a wireless signal SRX after being reflected by an object OBJ. The transmitting circuit 110 can be used to generate a first transmitting signal ST1 according to an input signal SI. The wireless signal transceiver 900 can include a processing unit PU, which can be coupled to the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120 to generate spatial information of the object OBJ according to the input signal SI and the processing signal SA. In other words, the wireless signal transceiver 900 can be used to detect spatial information of the object OBJ, such as distance, moving speed, moving angle, or time of detection.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 1000 in an embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 1000 may include dual-polarization antennas AN1 and AN2, transmitting circuits 1010 and 1030, and receiving circuits 1020 and 1040.

The dual-polarization antenna AN1 can be used to transmit the first wireless signal SX1 and receive the second wireless signal SX2 substantially at the same time. Since the design of the dual-polarization antennas AN1 and AN2 can be similar to the dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 1, the first dual-polarization antenna AN1 includes a first feeding area, a second feeding area and an antenna shape center, the first feeding area includes a first side D11, and the second feeding area includes a second side D12. The first feeding area has a first area shape center, the second feeding area has a second area shape center, the line connecting the first area shape center and the antenna shape center forms a first reference line, the line connecting the second area shape center and the first antenna shape center forms a second reference line, and the first reference line is substantially orthogonal to the second reference line. The first side D11 can be used to receive the first transmission signal ST1A, wherein the first wireless signal SX1 can be generated in relation to the first transmission signal ST1A, and the second side D12 can be used to output the first reception signal SR1A, wherein the first reception signal SR1A can be generated in relation to the second wireless signal SX2. The transmission circuit 1010 can be coupled to the first side D11 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 to generate the first transmission signal ST1A. The reception circuit 1020 can be coupled to the second side D12 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 to generate the processing signal SA1, wherein the processing signal SA1 can be generated in relation to the first reception signal SR1A.

The dual-polarization antenna AN2 can be used to transmit the second wireless signal SX2 and receive the first wireless signal SX1 substantially simultaneously. Similarly, the dual-polarization antenna AN2 can include a first feed area, a second feed area and an antenna shape center, the first feed area includes a first side D21, and the second feed area includes a second side D22. The first feed area has a first area shape center, the second feed area has a second area shape center, the line connecting the first area shape center and the antenna shape center forms a first reference line, the line connecting the second area shape center and the antenna shape center forms a second reference line, and the first reference line is substantially orthogonal to the second reference line. The first side D21 can be used to receive the second transmission signal ST2A, wherein the second wireless signal SX2 can be generated in relation to the second transmission signal ST2A, and the second side D22 can be used to output the second reception signal SR2A, wherein the second reception signal SR2A can be generated in relation to the first wireless signal SX1. The transmission circuit 1030 can be coupled to the first side D21 of the dual-polarization antenna AN2 to generate the second transmission signal ST2A, and the reception circuit 1040 can be coupled to the second side D22 of the dual-polarization antenna AN2 to generate the processing signal SA2, wherein the processing signal SA2 can be generated in relation to the second reception signal SR2A. According to an embodiment, the first reference line of the dual-polarized antenna AN1 is orthogonal to the first reference line of the dual-polarized antenna AN2, or the second reference line of the dual-polarized antenna AN1 is orthogonal to the second reference line of the dual-polarized antenna AN2. According to an embodiment, the first reference line of the dual-polarized antenna AN1 is orthogonal to the first reference line of the dual-polarized antenna AN2, and the second reference line of the dual-polarized antenna AN1 is orthogonal to the second reference line of the dual-polarized antenna AN2.

According to the embodiment, the first wireless signal SX1 and the second wireless signal SX2 are, for example, radio frequency signals. During a period of time, since the first wireless signal SX1 is continuously transmitted by the dual-polarization antenna AN1, it is also continuously received by the dual-polarization antenna AN2; and the second wireless signal SX2 is continuously transmitted by the dual-polarization antenna AN2, it is also continuously received by the dual-polarization antenna AN1. That is, when the dual-polarization antenna AN1 continuously transmits the first wireless signal SX1, it substantially continuously receives the second wireless signal SX2 at the same time; conversely, when the dual-polarization antenna AN2 continuously transmits the second wireless signal SX2, it substantially continuously receives the first wireless signal SX1 at the same time. According to the embodiment, the waveform of the first wireless signal SX1 and the waveform of the second wireless signal SX2 can be fixed or vary with time, depending on the wireless data communication content contained in the processing signal SA1 or SA2.

According to the embodiment, the dual-polarization antenna AN1 and the dual-polarization antenna AN2 may be separated by a distance L10, the first side D11 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 may be substantially orthogonal to the second side D12, the first side D11 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 may be substantially orthogonal to the first side D21 of the dual-polarization antenna AN2, and the first side D21 of the dual-polarization antenna AN2 may be substantially orthogonal to the second side D22 of the dual-polarization antenna AN2.

According to an embodiment, the first side D11 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 may be adjacent to the second side D12, and the first side D21 of the dual-polarization antenna AN2 may be adjacent to the second side D22.

As shown in FIG. 10 , wireless data communication can be realized by using a wireless signal transceiver 1000. For example, if the distance L10 is 100 meters, wireless communication at a distance of 100 meters can be performed through the dual-polarization antenna AN1 and the dual-polarization antenna AN2.

According to an embodiment, the first wireless signal SX1 may be generated based on at least the first transmission signal ST1A, the first reception signal SR1A may be generated based on the second wireless signal SX2, the second wireless signal SX2 may be generated based on at least the second transmission signal ST2A, and the second reception signal SR2A may be generated based on the first wireless signal SX1.

According to the embodiment, since the first side D11 of the dual-polarized antenna AN1 and the second side D22 of the dual-polarized antenna AN2 can be mutually corresponding dual-polarized antenna portions when transmitting and receiving wireless signals, and the first side D21 of the dual-polarized antenna AN2 can be mutually corresponding dual-polarized antenna portions with the second side D12 of the dual-polarized antenna AN1, the dual-polarized antenna The first side D11 of the polarized antenna AN1 can have substantially the same length as the second side D22 of the dual-polarized antenna AN2 and can be substantially parallel/overlapping with each other, and the first side D21 of the dual-polarized antenna AN2 can have substantially the same length as the second side D12 of the dual-polarized antenna AN1 and can be substantially parallel/overlapping with each other.

According to an embodiment, the first side D11 and the second side D12 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 may have substantially the same length. For example, since the length of the side of the dual-polarization antenna for feeding a signal may be related to the frequency of the fed signal, when time-division transmission is performed using the same frequency, the first side D11 and the second side D12 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 may be designed to have the same length.

According to another embodiment, the first side D11 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 may have a different length from the second side D12. For example, when using different frequencies to perform frequency division transmission, the first side D11 and the second side D12 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 may be designed to have different lengths. According to another embodiment, the first side D11 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 and the second side D22 of the dual-polarization antenna AN2 may have substantially the same first length. The second side D12 of the dual-polarization antenna AN1 and the first side D21 of the dual-polarization antenna AN2 may have substantially the same second length. The first length may be different from the second length.

According to the embodiment, the shapes of the dual-polarized antenna AN1 and the dual-polarized antenna AN2 may include a square or a rectangle. Feed elements may be respectively provided on each side of the dual-polarized antenna AN1 and the dual-polarized antenna AN2, such as the feed elements shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 8, to feed signals into or out of the dual-polarized antenna by electromagnetic induction.

According to the embodiment, the dual-polarization antenna AN1 and the dual-polarization antenna AN2 can transmit or receive differential signals similar to those shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 8.

In Figures 1 to 10 and 13, the rectangular dual-polarization antenna is only an example. The elliptical dual-polarization antenna in Figure 11 can also be applied to the configurations in Figures 1 to 10 and 13.

FIG. 11 is a partial schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver in an embodiment. FIG. 11 is omitted. The transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120 in FIG. 1 only show the dual-polarization antenna ANB and the feeding elements F111 and F112. The feeding elements F111 and F112 can be respectively arranged corresponding to the feeding areas FZ111 and FZ112. Different from the rectangular antennas in FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIG. 13, the dual-polarization antenna ANB can be elliptical or circular as described above. The feeding element F111 may include a strip conductor F111A and a transmission line F111B. The strip conductor F111A may extend parallel to the edge of the dual-polarization antenna ANB. In other words, when the dual-polarization antenna AN11 is elliptical or circular, the strip conductor F111A may be arc-shaped (ARC). Similarly, the feeding element F112 may include a strip conductor F112A and a transmission line F112B, and the shapes thereof are the same. The strip conductor F111A and the edge of the dual-polarization antenna ANB may have a distance DT1. The distance DT1 may be related to the impedance corresponding to the transmitted signal. For example, if the dual-polarization antenna ANB is applied to the example of FIG. 6 , the transmission line F111B can be set in the middle of the strip conductor F111A to receive the first transmission signal ST1. Similarly, the transmission line F112B of the feed element F112 can be used to output the first reception signal SR1. Similar to FIG. 1 , the dual-polarization antenna ANB can include feed regions FZ111 and FZ112. The dual-polarization antenna ANB may have an antenna shape center CT, a feed area FZ111 has a regional shape center, a feed area FZ112 has a regional shape center, a line connecting the regional shape center of the feed area FZ111 and the antenna shape center CT forms a first direction DR1, a line connecting the regional shape center of the feed area FZ112 and the antenna shape center CT forms a second direction DR2, and the first direction DR1 is substantially orthogonal to the second direction DR2. An angle AA1 between the feed area FZ111 and the antenna shape center CT is approximately 22.5 degrees to 120 degrees, and an angle AA2 between the feed area FZ112 and the antenna shape center CT is approximately 22.5 degrees to 120 degrees, and the sum of the angles AA1 and AA2 is not greater than 180 degrees.

The bipolar antenna ANB may have a first antenna surface and a second antenna surface, and a thickness may be formed between the first antenna surface and the second antenna surface. One of the first antenna surface and the second antenna surface may be located on a reference plane, and the positions of the strip conductors F111A and F112A projected on the reference plane may be located outside the bipolar antenna ANB, but not overlapped. The strip conductors F111A and the transmission line F111B may overlap (COPLANAR) with the reference plane, and the strip conductor F111A may be parallel to the edge of the bipolar antenna ANB and have a distance DT1. Similarly, the strip conductors F112A and the transmission line F112B are also the same, and may be parallel to the edge of the bipolar antenna ANB and have a distance DT2. For example, the dual-polarization antenna ANB can be manufactured on a metal layer of a circuit board (such as but not limited to a printed circuit board), and the feed element can be manufactured on the same metal layer of the circuit board, thereby forming the antenna of Figure 11. In another embodiment, the antenna body and the feed element can be manufactured on different metal layers, and the antenna of Figure 11 can also be formed.

FIG. 12 is a partial schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver in an embodiment. Similar to FIG. 11, only the dual-polarized antenna ANB and the feed elements F111 and F112 are shown. However, in FIG. 12, the positions of the strip conductors F111A and F112A projected on the reference plane can be located inside the dual-polarized antenna ANB and overlap with the dual-polarized antenna ANB in the vertical direction. The strip conductor of either the feed element F111 or F112 can be set in the same plane (COPLANAR) as the transmission line. The strip conductor can be parallel to the reference plane and have a vertical distance. For example, the dual-polarization antenna ANB can be manufactured on a metal layer of a circuit board (for example, but not limited to, a printed circuit board), and the feeding element can be manufactured on another metal layer of the circuit board, and the two metal layers can have the vertical distance between them to form the antenna of Figure 12. The relationship between the feeding areas FZ111 and FZ112 of the dual-polarization antenna ANB and the antenna shape center CT is similar to the embodiment of Figure 11, and will not be repeated.

In Figures 11 and 12, an antenna having two feeding elements is used as an example for illustration, but according to the embodiment, an elliptical bipolar antenna can also be provided with four feeding elements in four feeding areas as shown in Figure 8. The similarities in application will not be described repeatedly.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 1300 in another embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 1300 may be an embodiment of the wireless signal transceiver 100. As shown in FIG. 13, the main difference between the wireless signal transceiver 1300 and the wireless signal transceiver 100 is that the wireless signal transceiver 1300 further includes a dual-polarization antenna AN2. The dual-polarization antenna AN2 may be coupled to the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120 together with the dual-polarization antenna AN1, and may be used to receive the first transmitting signal ST1 and substantially simultaneously receive the wireless signal SRX (not shown in the figure). The dual-polarization antenna AN1 and the dual-polarization antenna AN2 may form a 1×2 antenna array. In other embodiments, one or more dual-polarized antennas commonly coupled to the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120 may also be included to form an M×N antenna array with the dual-polarized antennas AN2 and AN1. The M×N antenna array may be used to receive a signal (such as a first transmitting signal ST1) from the transmitting circuit (such as 110) and output a signal (such as a first receiving signal SR1) to the receiving circuit (such as 120). The parameters M and N may be positive integers greater than zero. For example, in the M×N antenna array, one of M and N may be 1, and the other may be an integer greater than 1. Therefore, the M×N antenna array may be a 1×N antenna array, or an M×1 antenna array. In another example, M and N can be positive integers greater than 1.

FIG. 14 is a partial schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver in an embodiment. Similar to FIG. 11, the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120 mentioned in FIG. 1 or other embodiments are omitted here, and only the dual-polarization antenna ANB and the feeding elements F111 and F112 are drawn.

θ<90°。舉例來說，若第一方向DR1及第二方向DR2形成兩角度，85度及95度，則銳角θ為85度。 Similar to FIG. 11 , in FIG. 14 , the feeding elements F111 and F112 may be provided corresponding to the feeding zones FZ111 and FZ112. In FIG. 14 , the connection line between the zone shape center of the feeding zone FZ111 and the antenna shape center CT may form a first direction DR1, and the connection line between the zone shape center of the feeding zone FZ112 and the antenna shape center CT may form a second direction DR2. The sharp angle θ formed by the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 may be not less than 45 degrees; in other words, 45°

θ<90°. For example, if the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 form two angles, 85 degrees and 95 degrees, the sharp angle θ is 85 degrees.

The dual-polarization antenna ANB of FIG. 14 may have a circular shape or an elliptical shape.

For example, the feed elements F111 and F112 in FIG. 14 may be arranged next to the bipolar antenna ANB as in FIG. 11, wherein the projection area of the bipolar antenna ANB may not overlap the projection areas of the feed elements F111 and F112.

For another example, the feed elements F111 and F112 in FIG. 14 can be arranged above or below the dual-polarization antenna ANB as shown in FIG. 11, wherein the projection area of the dual-polarization antenna ANB can overlap the projection areas of the feed elements F111 and F112.

Feed elements F111 and F112 can be insulated from the dual-polarization antenna ANB. Through the coupling effect, signals can be sent and received between the dual-polarization antenna ANB and the feed elements F111 and F112. FIG. 15 is a curve diagram of the sharp angle θ relative to the signal isolation in FIG. 14. The signal isolation described here is the isolation of the wireless signals transmitted and received by the dual-polarization antenna ANB.

θ)，隔離度可大於8分貝(dB)且落於可接受範圍。當銳角θ從45度增至90度，隔離度可增至約24分貝，又上升到約32分貝，故更可保障訊號品質。 As shown in Figure 15, when the sharp angle θ is greater than or equal to 45 degrees (i.e. 45°

When the sharp angle θ increases from 45 degrees to 90 degrees, the isolation can be greater than 8 dB and is within the acceptable range. When the sharp angle θ increases from 45 degrees to 90 degrees, the isolation can increase to about 24 dB, and then rises to about 32 dB, so the signal quality can be better guaranteed.

θ<90°，以得到更佳的隔離度。 As shown in FIG. 15 , when the sharp angle θ increases to 75 degrees, the isolation can be significantly increased along with the increase in the slope of the curve. Therefore, according to the embodiment, the sharp angle θ may be not less than 75 degrees. In other words, the sharp angle θ may be set to 75°.

θ<90° to obtain better isolation.

By adopting the dual-polarization antenna wireless signal transceiver provided in the embodiment, only a single-radiator dual-polarization antenna can be used to perform signal reception and signal transmission at the same time, thereby realizing the application of detecting objects or transmitting signals over long distances. In addition, the external coupling element or duplexer (DUPLEXER) between the dual-polarization antenna and the amplifier circuit can be omitted, which is beneficial for reducing the area of the dual-polarization antenna and simplifying the structure and volume of the overall system.

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 100 in an embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 100 may include a dual-polarization antenna AN, a transmitting circuit 110, a receiving circuit 120, and a processing circuit PU. The dual-polarization antenna AN may be used to transmit a wireless signal STX and receive a wireless signal SRX substantially at the same time. The wireless signal STX may be reflected by an object OBJ to generate a wireless signal SRX.

The dual-polarization antenna AN includes a feed zone FZ1 and a feed zone FZ2. The feed zone FZ1 is used to receive a transmission signal ST1, and a wireless signal STX can be generated based on at least the transmission signal ST1. The feed zone FZ2 is used to output a reception signal SR1, and the reception signal SR1 can be generated based on a wireless signal SRX.

The dual-polarization antenna AN can be used to form radiated electric fields E1 and E2. The radiated electric field E1 can have a first co-polarization direction according to the wireless signal STX, and the radiated electric field E2 can have a second co-polarization direction according to the wireless signal SRX. The first co-polarization direction and the second co-polarization direction can form a non-orthogonal angle θ1. In the far-field, the non-orthogonal angle θ1 can be between 45 degrees and 135 degrees.

The transmitting circuit 110 can generate a transmitting signal ST1 according to the input signal SI, and the receiving circuit 120 can generate a processing signal SA according to the receiving signal SRI. The processing unit PU is coupled to the transmitting circuit 220 and the receiving circuit 120, and is used to generate spatial information of the body OBJ according to the processing signal SA and the input signal SI.

In FIG. 16 , the wireless signal transceiver 100 may be a radar device. In a period of time, the wireless signal STX may be continuously transmitted, and the wireless signal SRX may be continuously received. When the object OBJ moves, a frequency shift (FREQUENCY SHIFT) may be generated according to the Doppler effect. Therefore, the processing unit PU may determine whether the object OBJ moves according to the frequency difference between the wireless signals STX and SRX. When the frequency difference between the wireless signals STX and SRX is substantially zero, it may be determined that the object OBJ is fixed.

θ2

135°，θ2≠90°)，從而使饋接區域FZ1及FZ2收發的訊號之間具有足夠的隔離度，以及於遠場產生上述的輻射電場E1及E2(分別具有第一共極化方向與第二共極化方向)。換言之，方向DR1與DR2形成的非正交夾角θ2不小於45度(45°

θ2<90°)，使得於遠場(far-field)上第一共極化方向及第二共極化方向形成非正交銳角的θ1，且45°

θ1<90°，以達到類似第14圖與第15圖對應實施例的功效。然而，第16圖中，饋接區域FZ1及FZ2的位置只是舉例，且饋接區域FZ1及FZ2的位置可根據天線的結構與效能而調整。 As shown in FIG. 16 , the direction DR1 may be formed by connecting the shape center FZC1 of the feed zone FZ1 and the antenna shape center CT of the dual-polarized antenna AN, and the direction DR2 may be formed by connecting the shape center FZC2 of the feed zone FZ2 and the antenna shape center CT of the dual-polarized antenna AN. The non-orthogonal angle θ2 formed by the directions DR1 and DR2 may be between 45 and 135 degrees (45°

θ2

135°, θ2≠90°), so that the signals received and sent by the feeder regions FZ1 and FZ2 have sufficient isolation, and the above-mentioned radiated electric fields E1 and E2 (having the first co-polarization direction and the second co-polarization direction, respectively) are generated in the far field. In other words, the non-orthogonal angle θ2 formed by the directions DR1 and DR2 is not less than 45 degrees (45°

θ2<90°), so that the first co-polarization direction and the second co-polarization direction form a non-orthogonal sharp angle θ1 in the far-field, and 45°

θ1<90°, so as to achieve the effect similar to that of the embodiments corresponding to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15. However, in FIG. 16, the positions of the feeding zones FZ1 and FZ2 are only examples, and the positions of the feeding zones FZ1 and FZ2 can be adjusted according to the structure and performance of the antenna.

FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 are top and side views of a dual-polarization antenna AN in an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 , the dual-polarization antenna AN may include a patch PA, a conductive line CL, a ground terminal GND, and an insulating layer LI. The patch PA is formed on the first conductive layer LC1. The conductive line CL is formed on the first conductive layer LC1 and coupled to one of the feed regions FZ1 and FZ2 for transmitting and receiving a transmission signal ST1 or a reception signal SR1. The ground terminal GND is formed on the second conductive layer LC2. The insulating layer LI is located between the first conductive layer LC1 and the second conductive layer LC2. According to the embodiment, the first conductive layer LC1 and the second conductive layer LC2 may be insulated or non-insulated from each other. In FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, the conductive line CL may be a microstrip line, and the insulating layer mentioned in this article may be a substrate.

FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 are top and side views of a bipolar antenna AN in an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, the bipolar antenna AN may include a patch PA, a ground terminal GND, a conductive line CL, a first insulating layer LI1, and a second insulating layer LI2. The patch PA is formed on the first conductive layer LC1, and the ground terminal GND is formed on the second conductive layer LC2. The conductive line CL is formed on the third conductive layer LC3 and overlaps one of the feed-through regions FZ1 and FZ2, and is used to transmit and receive a transmission signal ST1 or a reception signal SR1. The first insulating layer LI1 is located between the first conductive layer LC1 and the third conductive layer LC3. The second insulating layer LI2 is located between the second conductive layer LC2 and the third conductive layer LC3. As shown in FIG. 20, the third conductive layer LC3 is located between the first conductive layer LC1 and the second conductive layer LC2. According to an embodiment, the conductive layers LC1, LC2 and LC3 may be insulated or non-insulated from each other. In FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, the conductive line CL may be a microstrip line.

FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 are top and side views of a dual-polarization antenna AN in an embodiment. The dual-polarization antenna AN may include a patch PA, a conductive line CL, a ground terminal GND, a slot SL, a first insulating layer LI1, and a second insulating layer LI2. The patch PA is formed on the first conductive layer LC1. The conductive line CL is formed on the second conductive layer LC2, overlapped on one of the feed-through regions FZ1 and FZ2, and used to transmit and receive a transmission signal ST1 or a reception signal SR1. The ground terminal GND is formed on the third conductive layer LC3. The slot SL is generated in the third conductive layer LC3 and is located between the conductive line CL and the patch PA. The first insulating layer LI1 is located between the first conductive layer LC1 and the third conductive layer LC3, and the second insulating layer LI2 is located between the third conductive layer LC3 and the second conductive layer LC2. The third conductive layer LC3 is between the first conductive layer LC1 and the second conductive layer LC2. According to the embodiment, the conductive layers LC1, LC2 and LC3 may be insulated or non-insulated from each other. In Figures 21 and 22, by coupling effect, the signal can be transmitted between the patch PA and the conductive line CL through the slot SL.

According to an embodiment, the shape of the slot SL may be a narrow rectangle, a rectangle, an H-shape, a circle, an ellipse or an irregular shape. The feed regions FZ1 and FZ2 may be adjacent to the edge, the center or the corner of the patch PA. For example, when the feed region FZ1 is adjacent to the lower right corner of the patch PA, the slot SL may be formed at the lower right corner of the patch PA, and the conductive line CL may overlap at the lower right corner of the patch PA.

In Figures 17 to 22, the conductive line CL can be a line body (such as a microstrip line) coupled to one of the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120; however, in the dual-polarization antenna AN, the conductive element used to couple the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120 can also be a probe body (PROBE), not limited to a line body.

FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 are top and side views of a dual-polarization antenna AN in an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 23 and FIG. 24, the dual-polarization antenna AN may include a patch PA, a ground terminal GND, a hole HL, a needle PB, and an insulating layer LI. The patch PA is formed on the first conductive layer LC1, and the ground terminal GND is formed on the second conductive layer LC2. The hole HL is formed on the second conductive layer LC2 and overlaps one of the feed-through regions FZ1 and FZ2. The needle PB is disposed in the hole HL, including a first end coupled to the patch PA, and a second end, and coupled to the transmitting circuit 110 or the receiving circuit 120, so as to transmit and receive the transmitting signal ST1 or the receiving signal SR1 accordingly. The insulating layer LI is located between the first conductive layer LC1 and the second conductive layer LC2. The conductive layers LC1 and LC2 may be insulated from each other or not.

In Figure 23, the shape of the patch PA is circular, but this is just an example, and the patch PA can also have other shapes, such as the rectangle shown in Figure 17.

FIG. 25 is a top view of a dual-polarization antenna AN in an embodiment. The patch PA in FIG. 25 is similar to the patch PA in FIG. 23, but further includes slots (SLOT) SL1, SL2, SL3, and SL4. The slots SL1, SL2, SL3, and SL4 may be formed in the patch PA, and the first, second, third, and fourth portions of the edge of the patch PA may be cut off respectively. The feed region FZ1 may be located between the slots SL1 and SL2, and the feed region FZ2 may be located between the slots SL2 and SL3. The positions of the slots SL2 and SL4 may be opposite to each other, and the positions of the slots SL1 and SL3 may be opposite to each other.

In the example of FIG. 25, each slot has a long straight shape; however, the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the shape of the slot may also be a triangle, or an L shape as shown in FIG. 26.

FIG. 26 is a top view of the dual-polarization antenna AN in an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 26, slots SL1, SL2, SL3, and SL4 may be formed in the patch PA and arranged symmetrically around the shape center CT of the patch PA. The positions of the slots SL2 and SL4 may be opposite to each other, and the positions of the slots SL1 and SL3 may be opposite to each other.

According to the embodiment, the shape of the slots SL1 to SL4 may be (but not limited to) I-shaped or nonlinear. For example, the nonlinear shape may be an arc or an L-shaped. In FIG. 26, the shape of the slots SL1 to SL4 is L-shaped, which is only an example and not intended to limit the embodiment. In addition, according to the antenna shape center CT, the slots SL1 and SL3 may be point-symmetric to each other (i.e., rotationally symmetric), and the slots SL2 and SL4 may be point-symmetric to each other.

In the example of FIG. 26, each of the slots SL1, SL2, SL3 and SL4 may have an L-shape, thereby having a first portion, a second portion and a turning point, wherein the turning point is connected to the first portion and the second portion. For example, the first portion and the second portion of the slot SL1 may be perpendicular to each other.

As shown in FIG. 26, reference line 111 may be a line connecting the turning points of slots SL1 and SL3, and reference line 112 may be a line connecting the turning points of slots SL2 and SL4. The antenna shape center CT may be located at the intersection of reference lines 111 and 112. However, FIG. 26 is only an example, and if the performance of the antenna is acceptable, the position of the slots does not need to be precisely symmetrical.

According to an embodiment, when the shape of the patch PA is rectangular, the first portion and/or the second portion of the slots SL1 to SL4 may be parallel to one side of the patch PA. According to other embodiments, the first portion and/or the second portion of the slots SL1 to SL4 may not be parallel to one side of the patch PA.

By cutting slots in the patch PA, the current can flow along the edge of the slot, thus extending the current flow path, thereby reducing the area of the patch PA to access the signal of the same frequency. In other words, the size of the antenna can be reduced.

FIG. 27 is a top view of the dual-polarization antenna AN in an embodiment. FIG. 27 is similar to FIG. 23; however, unlike FIG. 23, the patch PA in FIG. 27 is a triangle. Direction DR1 may be a line connecting the shape center FZC1 of the feed region FZ1 and the shape center CT of the patch PA, and direction DR2 may be a line connecting the shape center FZC2 of the feed region FZ2 and the shape center CT of the patch PA. Directions DR1 and DR2 may form an angle θ2, and the angle θ2 may be between 45 degrees and 135 degrees.

FIG. 28 is a top view of a dual-polarization antenna AN in another embodiment. FIG. 28 is similar to FIG. 23; however, unlike FIG. 23, the patch PA in FIG. 28 is rectangular, and the slots SL1, SL2, SL3 and SL4 in FIG. 28 are formed at the ground terminal GND, wherein the ground terminal GND is formed at the second metal layer LC2 (the second metal layer LC2 may be as shown in FIG. 24). The shape center FZC1 of the feed region FZ1 may overlap the area between two adjacent slots (e.g., slots SL3 and SL4), and the shape center FZC2 of the feed region FZ2 may overlap the area between another two adjacent slots (e.g., slots SL2 and SL3).

FIG. 29 and FIG. 30 are top views and partial side views of a dual-polarization antenna AN in another embodiment. As shown in FIG. 29 and FIG. 30, the dual-polarization antenna AN may include a patch PA, a ground terminal GND, an insulating layer LI, a conductive top portion TP, and a needle PB. The patch PA is formed on the first conductive layer LC1 and has a hole H1. The ground terminal GND is formed on the second conductive layer LC2 and has a hole H2. The insulating layer LI is located between the first conductive layer LC1 and the second conductive layer LC2. The conductive top portion TP is formed on the first conductive layer LC1 and is located in the hole H1. The needle PB penetrates the hole H2, including a first end coupled to the conductive upper part TP, and a second end coupled to the transmitting circuit 110 or the receiving circuit 120, so as to transmit and receive the transmitting signal ST1 or the receiving signal SR1. The holes H1 and H2 can overlap one of the feed-through regions FZ1 and FZ2, and the needle PB and the conductive upper part TP are insulated from the conductive layers LC1 and LC2. According to the embodiment, the conductive layers LC1 and LC2 can be insulated or non-insulated from each other. As shown in Figures 29 and 30, the conductive upper part TP1 and the needle PB can form a "tack" shape, and can transmit signals to the patch PA and receive signals from the patch PA through the coupling effect.

FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 are top views and perspective views of a dual-polarization antenna AN in another embodiment. The dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 may be similar to the dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 29 and FIG. 30; however, the dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 may not have a conductive top portion TP. Similar to FIG. 29 and FIG. 30, in FIG. 31 and FIG. 32, the needle body PB and the patch PA may transmit and receive signals through a coupling effect.

FIG. 33 and FIG. 34 are top views and partial side views of a dual-polarization antenna AN in another embodiment. The dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 33 and FIG. 34 may be similar to the dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 29 and FIG. 30; however, the conductive upper portion TP in FIG. 33 and FIG. 34 may be located higher than the hole H1 and the first conductive layer LC1, rather than being located in the hole H1. Therefore, the diameter of the conductive upper portion TP in FIG. 33 and FIG. 34 may be greater than the diameter of the hole H1. For example, the conductive upper portion TP may be made of another conductive layer that is higher than the conductive layers LC1 and LC2.

FIG. 35 and FIG. 36 are top views and partial side views of a dual-polarization antenna AN in another embodiment. The dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 35 may be similar to the antenna in FIG. 29; however, in FIG. 35, the conductive upper portion TP may be located between the first conductive layer LC1 and the second conductive layer LC2, rather than in the hole of the conductive layer LC1. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 35 and FIG. 21, the conductive layer LC2 may have a hole H2, but the conductive layer LC2 may not have a hole. The conductive upper portion TP may be generated using a conductive layer between the conductive layer LC1 and the conductive layer LC2.

As shown in FIG. 35 and FIG. 36 , the conductive top portion TP may be circular; however, the conductive top portion TP may also be other shapes. For example, the conductive top portion TP may be rectangular, square, elliptical, circular or irregular. The conductive top portion TP may have a first side and a second side, and the first end of the needle PB may be coupled to the second side of the conductive top portion TP.

FIG. 37 and FIG. 38 are top views and partial side views of a dual-polarization antenna AN in another embodiment. The dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 37 and FIG. 38 may be similar to the antenna in FIG. 35 and FIG. 36; however, in FIG. 37 and FIG. 38, the conductive upper portion TP may have a first end and a second end, wherein the second end is coupled to the first end of the needle body PB. In addition, the conductive upper portion TP may be substantially perpendicular to the needle body PB. In other words, the conductive upper portion TP and the needle body PB may form an inverted L-shaped structure.

FIG. 39 is a top view of a dual-polarization antenna AN in another embodiment. The dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 39 may be similar to the antennas in FIG. 29, FIG. 31, FIG. 33, FIG. 35, or FIG. 37. However, in FIG. 39, the patch PA may be rectangular, and the needles PB1 and PB2 of the dual-polarization antenna AN may be disposed at two corners of the patch PA. The needles PB1 and PB2 may be used to transmit signals to the receiving circuit 120 or receive signals from the transmitting circuit 110, and the needles PB1 and PB2 may transmit and receive signals with the patch PA through coupling effects.

FIG. 40 is a side view of a dual-polarization antenna AN in another embodiment. The dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 40 may be similar to FIG. 35 and FIG. 36. The dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 40 may include a conductive upper portion TP and a needle body PB coupled to each other, for transmitting a signal to or receiving a signal from the patch PA by a coupling effect. The dual-polarization antenna AN in FIG. 40 may include an insulating layer LI1, an insulating layer LI2, and a gap (GAP) GP. The insulating layer LI1 is located between the conductive layer LC1 and the conductive layer LC2. The insulating layer LI2 is located between the insulating layer LI1 and the conductive layer LC2, and includes a first side and a second side, wherein the conductive layer LC2 is located on the second side. The gap GP is located between the insulating layer LI1 and the insulating layer LI2. As shown in FIG. 35, the conductive layer LC2 may have a hole, and the needle PB may penetrate the hole to couple to the transmitting circuit 110 or the receiving circuit 120.

The insulating layer mentioned in this article may be a substrate or a layer formed of an insulating material. For example, when the insulating layer is an air layer, the insulating layer may be a gap. The conductive line mentioned in this article may be a microstrip line or other types of conductive line bodies.

Figures 17 to 40 describe various conductive paths for the dual-polarization antenna AN for receiving signals from the transmitting circuit 110 and/or transmitting signals to the receiving circuit 120. As described above, the conductive wire can be used to transmit and receive the transmitting signal ST1 and/or receiving signal SR1 shown in Figure 16, and the conductive wire can be coupled to the patch, the needle body, the needle body and the conductive upper part, and/or insulated from the patch.

The above structures can be hybridized with each other (IN HYBRID). Figures 41 to 45 are top views of a dual-polarization antenna AN with a hybrid structure in other embodiments.

In the bipolar antenna AN of FIG. 41, from the upper layer to the lower layer, the conductive layers LC1, LC3 and LC2 may be included, similar to that shown in FIG. 22. The ground terminal GND may be formed in the conductive layer LC2, and the conductive line CL1 may be coupled to the patch PA and formed in the conductive layer LC1. The slot SL may be formed in the conductive layer LC3; for example, the slot SL may be H-shaped, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. The conductive line CL2 may be formed in the conductive layer LC2 and is used to receive a signal from the patch PA or transmit a signal to the patch PA through the slot SL by a coupling effect. In other words, in FIG. 41, the conductive line CL1 may be similar to the conductive line CL in FIG. 17, and the conductive line CL2 may be similar to the conductive line CL in FIG. 21, so the structure of FIG. 41 may be a hybrid structure.

The dual-polarization antenna AN of FIG. 42 includes a conductive line CL and a coplanar waveguide CPW. The conductive line CL and the coplanar waveguide CPW may be two conductive paths, respectively coupled to one and the other of the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120. The dual-polarization antenna AN of FIG. 42 may include conductive layers LC1 and LC2, the patch PA may be formed on the conductive layer LC1, and the ground terminal GND may be formed on the conductive layer LC2. An insulating layer may be provided between the conductive layers LC1 and LC2. The slot SL may be formed on the conductive layer LC2 and overlap the feed-through region FZ1 or FZ2.

In the example of FIG. 42 , the slot SL overlaps the feed-through region FZ2, and the two straight slots SSL1 and SSL2 may be generated in the insulating layer LC2 and extend inward from the edge or inner portion of the ground terminal GND toward the slot SL. According to an embodiment, the conductive layers LC1 and LC2 may be insulated from each other or not insulated. The two straight slots SSL1 and SSL2 may be parallel to each other or form an angle, and the portion between the two straight slots SSL1 and SSL2 is used as a coplanar waveguide to transmit the transmission signal ST1 or the reception signal SR1. FIG. 42 is only an example, and the straight slots SSL1 and SSL2 may also extend to a position that can be coupled to a chip pin (PIN). The straight slots SSL1 and SSL2 may be designed in a conical form. Considering the resistance conversion, the straight slots SSL1 and SSL2 can be designed to be parallel to another coplanar waveguide.

FIG. 43 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment in which a dual-polarization antenna AN includes a feeding element FE and a coplanar waveguide CPW. The dual-polarization antenna AN of FIG. 43 may include conductive layers LC1 and LC2, as shown in FIG. 17 , FIG. 18 and FIG. 42 . The patch PA and the coplanar waveguide CPW may be similar to those shown in FIG. 42 , and thus will not be repeated. The feeding element FE may be formed in the conductive layer LC1 and insulated from the patch PA. The position of the feeding element FE may correspond to the feeding region FZ1 or FZ2; in the example of FIG. 43 , the position of the feeding element FE corresponds to the feeding region FZ1. Signals may be transmitted and received between the feeding element FE and the patch PA by a coupling effect. The conductive line CL can be formed on the conductive layer LC1 and coupled to the feed element FE, thereby transmitting and receiving the transmission signal ST1 or the reception signal SR1. The feed element FE and the coplanar waveguide CPW can be coupled to one of the transmission circuit 110 and the reception circuit 120 respectively.

FIG. 44 is a schematic diagram of a bipolar antenna AN in another embodiment. The bipolar antenna AN in FIG. 44 may include conductive layers LC1, LC3 and LC2 from the upper layer to the lower layer, similar to that shown in FIG. 22. In FIG. 44, the conductive line CL1 may be formed in the conductive layer LC2. The conductive upper portion TP may overlap the feed region FZ1 or FZ2 and be located between the conductive layers LC1 and LC3. The needle PB may have a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is coupled to the conductive upper portion TP, and the second end is coupled to the conductive line CL1. The needle PB may penetrate a hole formed in the conductive layer LC2. In other words, in FIG. 44, the conductive path formed by the conductive top portion TP, the needle body PB and the conductive line CL1 may be similar to that shown in FIG. 35 and FIG. 36, and the conductive line CL2 may be similar to the conductive line CL in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22.

FIG. 45 is a schematic diagram of a bipolar antenna AN in another embodiment. The bipolar antenna AN in FIG. 45 may include conductive layers LC1, LC3 and LC2 from the upper layer to the lower layer, similar to that shown in FIG. 21. In FIG. 45, the bipolar antenna AN may include conductive wires CL1 and CL2, the conductive wire CL1 may be formed in the conductive layer LC2 and coupled to the needle body PB, and the needle body PB may penetrate the conductive layer LC3 through a hole formed in the conductive layer LC3. The hole H1 may be formed in the conductive layer LC1 to insulate the needle body PB from the conductive layers LC1 and LC3. The conductive wire CL2 in FIG. 45 may be similar to the conductive wire CL2 in FIG. 44, so it will not be repeated.

The dual-polarization antenna AN in Figures 41 to 45 may have a hybrid structure because it includes two different types of conductive paths, corresponding to the feed-through regions FZ1 and FZ2, respectively.

The dual-polarization antenna AN in Figures 41 to 45 is only an example and does not limit the scope of the embodiment. If the structure allows for production, two or more conductive paths can be used in the dual-polarization antenna AN to form a hybrid structure to transmit and receive the transmission signal ST1 and/or the reception signal SR1.

The positions of the feed areas FZ1 and FZ2 shown in FIGS. 16 to 45 are just examples. According to an embodiment, the dual-polarization antenna AN may include a patch PA, and the position of either the feed areas FZ1 and FZ2 may be adjacent to a side of the patch PA, the center of the patch PA, or a corner of the patch PA. The positions of the feed areas FZ1 and FZ2 may be adjusted to improve the performance of the antenna matching. Initially, the performance of the feed signal may be insufficient, but some techniques may be used to improve the matching of the feed areas FZ1 and FZ2 and the performance of the feed signal, and the techniques may include adjusting the bill of materials (BOM) or using open/short stubs, etc.

FIG. 46 is a top view of a bipolar antenna AN in another embodiment. The bipolar antenna AN in FIG. 46 may include a patch PA, a conductive line CL1, a conductive line CL2, a feed element FE1, a feed element FE2, a ground terminal GND, and an insulating layer LI. The patch PA, the conductive line CL1, the conductive line CL2, the feed element FE1, and the feed element FE2 may be formed on the conductive layer LC1, and the ground terminal GND may be formed on the conductive layer LC2. The position of the feed element FE1 may correspond to the feed zone FZ1, and the position of the feed element FE2 may correspond to the feed zone FZ2. In other words, in FIG. 46, the conductive lines CL1 and CL2 may be similar to the conductive line CL in FIG. 43. By means of the coupling effect, signals can be transmitted and received between the feeding elements FE1/FE2 and the patch PA. Conductive lines CL1 and CL2 can be formed in LC1 and coupled to the feeding elements FE1 and FE2, respectively, so as to transmit and receive the transmission signal ST1 or the reception signal SR1. The insulating layer LI can be located between the conductive layers LC1 and LC2. The conductive layers LC1 and LC2 can be insulated or non-insulated. The conductive lines CL1 and CL2 can be microstrip lines. The patch PA can include an additional portion APA and/or a slot (SLOT)/opening (APERTURE) SL, as shown in FIG. 46. Direction DR1 may be a line connecting the shape center of the feed zone FZ1 and the shape center of the patch PA, and direction DR2 may be a line connecting the shape center of the feed zone FZ2 and the shape center of the patch PA, and directions DR1 and DR2 may form an angle θ. In addition, the structure of the dipole antenna AN without the additional portion APA and/or the slot (SLOT)/opening (APERTURE) SL may be replaced with the dipole antenna described in Figures 1 to 13 and 16 above, and the patch with a regular shape of the dipole antenna in Figures 17 to 45.

θ<90°)或非正交角度θ可介於90度至135度(90°<θ

135°)。換言之，第一方向DR1及第二方向DR2形成的銳角θ不小於45度(45°

θ<90°)，以同時達到類似第14圖實施例的功效。在其他實施例中，亦可將第1圖~第13圖、以及第16圖中具有規則形狀的雙極化天線、以及第17圖~第45圖中雙極線天線的具有規則形狀的貼片，藉由加上附加部分APA及/或移除掉一部分以產生開槽/開口SL，從而可改變雙極化天線或雙極線天線的貼片的形狀中心的位置，以使第一方向DR1及第二方向DR2形成的銳角θ不小於45度(45°

θ<90°)，以同時達到類似第14圖、第15圖與第46圖對應實施例的功效。 In some use scenarios of the wireless transceiver 100, the frequency corresponding to the best performance of the return loss of the wireless signal STX, the frequency corresponding to the best performance of the return loss of the wireless signal SRX, and the frequency corresponding to the best performance of the isolation between the wireless signal STX and the wireless signal SRX may be different. For example, due to the design of the printed circuit board of the wireless signal transceiver 100, the trace length corresponding to the transmitting circuit 110 and the trace length corresponding to the receiving circuit 120 may be different. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 46 , the shape of the patch PA can be adjusted by adding an additional portion APA (e.g., a smaller rectangle) to the original portion (e.g., a larger regular shape, such as a rectangle), and/or removing a portion from the original portion to produce a slot/opening SL (e.g., a smaller irregular trapezoid), thereby changing the position of the shape center CT of the patch PA so that the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 are non-orthogonal to each other, and the non-orthogonal angle θ is not equal to 90 degrees. The effectiveness of this embodiment will be further explained in FIG. 50 . Regular shapes are, for example, circles, ellipses, rectangles, regular polygons (such as equilateral triangles, regular quadrilaterals, etc.). For example, the non-orthogonal angle θ may be between 45 degrees and 90 degrees (45°

θ<90°) or the non-orthogonal angle θ may be between 90° and 135° (90°<θ

In other words, the sharp angle θ formed by the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 is not less than 45 degrees (45°

θ<90°), so as to achieve the effect similar to that of the embodiment of FIG. 14. In other embodiments, the regularly shaped dipole antennas in FIGS. 1 to 13 and 16, and the regularly shaped patches of the dipole antennas in FIGS. 17 to 45 can be modified by adding an additional portion APA and/or removing a portion to generate a slot/opening SL, so as to change the position of the shape center of the patch of the dipole antenna or the dipole antenna, so that the sharp angle θ formed by the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR2 is not less than 45 degrees (45°

θ<90°), so as to simultaneously achieve the effects similar to those of the corresponding embodiments of FIG. 14, FIG. 15 and FIG. 46.

The embodiment of removing a smaller portion from the original larger regular shape to produce a slot/opening in FIG. 46 can further produce other effects, please refer to the schematic diagram of the bipolar antenna AN and the circuit element 310 shown in FIG. 47. In a compact device (COMPACT DEVICE), the area occupied by the circuit element may interfere with the area occupied by the patch or antenna with a regular shape. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 47, the shape of the bipolar antenna AN, or the shape of the patch PA of the bipolar antenna AN, can be a non-convex shape (NON-CONVEX SHAPE), such as a concave shape (CONCAVE SHAPE). For example, as shown in FIG. 47, the patch PA may be a concave hexagon, wherein the concave hexagon may be generated by removing a portion (e.g., a smaller rectangle) from an original portion (e.g., a larger regular shape, such as a rectangle). FIG. 47 is only an example and does not limit the scope of the embodiment. Similarly, a portion of a circular patch, a portion of a triangular patch, or a portion of a rectangular patch may be removed, and the resulting space may be used to set the circuit 310. The dual-polarization antenna AN of FIG. 47 may have a needle body similar to FIG. 29, but this is only an example and is not intended to limit the present invention.

θ<90°或90°<θ

135°。 In Figure 47, the shape center FZC1 of the feed area FZ1 and the shape center CT of the dual-polarized antenna AN can be connected to form a direction DR1, and the shape center FZC2 of the feed area FZ2 and the shape center CT of the dual-polarized antenna AN can be connected to form a direction DR2. Because the shape of the patch PA is no longer a regular shape (such as a complete rectangle, triangle or circle), the position of the shape center CT is not located at the shape center of the regular shape, and the directions DR1 and DR2 are not perpendicular to each other. For example, the angle θ between the directions DR1 and DR2 may not be equal to 90 degrees, for example, 45°

θ<90° or 90°<θ

135°.

In summary, the embodiment provides a variety of solutions for designing the conductive path and patch of the dual-polarization antenna AN, so as to transmit signals to the receiving circuit 120 and receive signals from the transmitting circuit 110. The size and performance of the dual-polarization antenna AN can be more easily adjusted, and it helps to improve the design flexibility.

As shown in one or more of Figures 1 to 51, the present disclosure also relates to the following embodiments.

FIG. 48 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 4800 in an embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 4800 may include a dual-polarization antenna AN (hereinafter referred to as antenna AN), a transmitting circuit 110, and a receiving circuit 120. The antenna AN may include a first side D1 and a second side D2. The first side D1 and the second side D2 include a first concave portion and a second concave portion, respectively. The transmitting circuit 110 is coupled to a feed point FP1 of the first concave portion of the first side D1. The receiving circuit 120 is coupled to a feed point FP2 of the second concave portion of the second side D2. The wireless signal transceiver 4800 may be an embodiment of the wireless signal transceiver 100 having a first concave portion and a second concave portion, and the operation of the wireless signal transceiver 4800 may be similar to that of the wireless signal transceiver 100. In FIG. 48, the components with the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 may operate as described in FIG. 1 above. The first concave portion and the second concave portion may be defined as any inwardly concave portion, for example, they may be a slot, a groove, or have a U-shape.

In the wireless signal transceiver 4800 of FIG. 48, the feed point FP1 may be the midpoint MP1 between the first side D1 and the first concave portion. When the transmitting circuit 110 feeds the transmitting signal ST1 to the feed point FP1, a feed area FZ1 may be formed. The feed area FZ1 may have a regional shape center FZC1. As shown in FIG. 48, the regional shape center FZC1 may overlap the feed point FP1 and the midpoint MP1 on the first side D1. The feed point FP2 may be the midpoint MP1 between the second side D2 and the second concave portion. When the antenna AN feeds the receiving signal SR1 to the receiving circuit 120, a feed area FZ2 may be formed, and the feeding area FZ2 may have a regional shape center FZC2. As shown in Figure 48, the center of the regional shape FZC2 can overlap the feed point FP2 and the midpoint MP2 on the second side D2.

In the wireless signal transceiver 100 of FIG. 1, the regional shape center FZC1 can be the feed point and the midpoint of the first side D1 of the antenna AN, and the regional shape center FZC2 can be the feed point and the midpoint of the second side D2 of the antenna AN. Therefore, in this article, the feed point or the midpoint of the first side D1 and the second side D2 of the antenna AN of the wireless signal transceiver 100 can be the regional shape centers FZC1 and FZC2 of FIG. 1, respectively.

According to an embodiment, for example, the wireless signal transceiver device 100 of FIG. 1 and the wireless signal transceiver device 4800 of FIG. 48 can be used to transmit a wireless signal STX according to a transmission signal ST1 in at least one time period, and substantially simultaneously receive a wireless signal SRX. The wireless signal SRX may include a wireless signal STX reflected by an object OBJ. For example, after a round trip time, the wireless signal STX may be transmitted from the antenna AN to the object OBJ and reflected back to the antenna AN, so that the antenna AN starts to receive the wireless signal SRX. At the same time, the antenna AN may continue to transmit the wireless signal STX. From then on, the antenna AN can simultaneously transmit the wireless signal STX and receive the wireless signal SRX. Before the antenna AN stops transmitting the wireless signal STX, the antenna AN can simultaneously transmit the wireless signal STX and receive the wireless signal SRX within a period of time, and the period of time can be 0.2, 0.5, 1 or 5 seconds. The length of the period of time can be determined according to the application scenario, or can be other time lengths. The transmitting circuit 110 can be used to generate the transmitting signal ST1 and output the transmitting signal ST1 to the first side D1 of the antenna AN. The receiving circuit 120 can be used to receive the receiving signal SR1 from the second side D2 of the antenna AN. The antenna AN can output the receiving signal SR1 according to the wireless signal SRX. The first side D1 of the antenna AN can be different from the second side D2 of the antenna AN.

According to an embodiment, the wireless signal transceiver device 100 of FIG. 1 and the wireless signal transceiver device 4800 of FIG. 48 may further include a processing unit, such as the processing unit PU of FIG. 9 or the processing unit PU of FIG. 16. The processing unit may be coupled to the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120. The transmitting circuit 110 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 48 may be used to generate a transmitting signal ST1 according to an input signal SI. The input signal SI may also be input to the processing unit. The receiving circuit 120 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 48 may be further used to generate a processing signal SA according to a receiving signal SR1, and output the processing signal SA to the processing unit. The processing unit can be used to generate spatial information of the body OBJ based on the values of the processing signal SA and the input signal SI, wherein the processing signal SA and the input signal SI can correspond to the signal received and the signal transmitted substantially at the same time, respectively.

According to the embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver 100 of FIG. 1 and the wireless signal transceiver 4800 of FIG. 48, the direction DR1 can be defined as the antenna shape center CT from the midpoint MP1 of the first side D1 to the antenna AN, and the direction DR2 can be defined as the antenna shape center CT from the midpoint MP2 of the second side D2 to the antenna AN. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 48, the direction DR1 can be orthogonal to the direction DR2.

According to the embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver 100 of FIG. 1 and the wireless signal transceiver 4800 of FIG. 48, the first side D1 of the antenna AN may be adjacent to the second side D2 of the antenna AN, wherein the transmitting circuit 110 may feed the transmitting signal ST1 to the first side D1, and the second side D2 may feed the receiving signal SR1 to the receiving circuit 120.

According to the embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver 100 of FIG. 1 and the wireless signal transceiver 4800 of FIG. 48, the first side D1 of the antenna AN may be orthogonal to the second side D2 of the antenna AN, wherein the transmitting circuit 110 may feed the transmitting signal ST1 to the first side D1, and the second side D2 may feed the receiving signal SR1 to the receiving circuit 120.

According to the embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver 100 of FIG. 1 and the wireless signal transceiver 4800 of FIG. 48, the transmitting circuit 110 can be used to output the transmitting signal ST1 to feed the feeding point FP1 of the first side D1 of the antenna AN, and the receiving circuit 120 can be used to receive the receiving signal SR1 from the feeding point FP2 of the second side D2 of the antenna AN.

According to the embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver 100 of FIG. 1 and the wireless signal transceiver 4800 of FIG. 48, the direction DR1 can be defined from the feed point FP1 of the first side D1 to the antenna shape center CT of the antenna AN, and the direction DR2 can be defined from the feed point FP2 of the second side D2 to the antenna shape center CT of the antenna AN. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 48, the direction DR1 can be orthogonal to the direction DR2.

According to the embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver 100 of FIG. 1 and the wireless signal transceiver 4800 of FIG. 48, the first side D1 of the antenna AN may include a concave portion, and the feed point FP1 is located therein. The second side D2 of the antenna AN may include a concave portion, and the feed point FP2 is located therein.

FIG. 49 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 4900 in another embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 4900 may include a dual-polarization antenna AN, a feed element F1, a feed element F2, a transmitting circuit 110, and a receiving circuit 120. The antenna AN may include a first side D1 and a second side D2, and the first side D1 and the second side D2 may include a first concave portion and a second concave portion, respectively. The transmitting circuit 110 may be coupled to a feed point FP1 of the feed element F1 corresponding to the first side D1 of the antenna AN. The receiving circuit 120 may be coupled to a feed point FP2 of the feed element F2 corresponding to the second side D2 of the antenna AN. The wireless signal transceiver device 4900 may be an example of the wireless signal transceiver device 600 in FIG. 6 having a first concave portion and a second concave portion, and the operation of the wireless signal transceiver device 4900 may be similar to that of the wireless signal transceiver device 600. In FIG. 49, the components with the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 6 may be operated as described above in FIG. 6.

In the wireless signal transceiver 4900 of FIG. 49, the feed point FP1 may be located at the feed element F1. When the transmit circuit 110 feeds the transmit signal ST1 to the feed point FP1, the feed element F1 may feed the transmit signal ST1 to the first side D1 of the antenna AN through electromagnetic induction, and may form a feed area FZ1. The feed area FZ1 may have a region shape center FZC1. As shown in FIG. 49, the region shape center FZC1 may overlap the midpoint MP1 between the first concave portion and the first side D1. The feed point FP2 may be located at the feed element F2. When the antenna AN feeds the receiving signal SR1 from the second side D2 to the feeding element F2 through electromagnetic induction, the receiving circuit 120 can receive the receiving signal SR1 from the feeding point FP2 and form a feeding area FZ2. The feeding area FZ2 can have a regional shape center FZC2. As shown in FIG. 49, the regional shape center FZC2 can overlap the midpoint MP2 between the second concave portion and the second side D2.

According to the embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver 600 of FIG. 6 and the wireless signal transceiver 4900 of FIG. 49, the feed element F1 may correspond to the first side D1 of the antenna AN, and the feed element F2 may correspond to the second side D2 of the antenna AN. The transmitting circuit 110 may be used to output the transmitting signal ST1 to the feeding point FP1 of the feeding element F1. The feeding element F1 may feed the transmitting signal ST1 to the first side D1 of the antenna AN through electromagnetic induction. The receiving signal SR1 may be fed to the feeding element F2 from the second side D2 of the antenna AN. The receiving circuit 120 may be used to receive the receiving signal SR1 from the feeding point FP2 of the feeding element F2.

According to an embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver device 600 of FIG. 6 and the wireless signal transceiver device 4900 of FIG. 49, the antenna AN can be used to transmit the wireless signal STX according to the transmission signal ST1 in at least one time period, and substantially simultaneously receive the wireless signal SRX. The wireless signal SRX may include the wireless signal STX reflected by the object OBJ. For example, after a round trip time, the wireless signal STX may be transmitted from the antenna AN to the object OBJ and reflected back to the antenna AN, so that the antenna AN starts to receive the wireless signal SRX. At the same time, the antenna AN may continue to transmit the wireless signal STX. From then on, the antenna AN can transmit the wireless signal STX and receive the wireless signal SRX at the same time. Before the antenna AN stops transmitting the wireless signal STX, the antenna AN can simultaneously transmit the wireless signal STX and receive the wireless signal SRX within a period of time, and the period of time can be 0.2, 0.5, 1 or 5 seconds. The length of the period of time can be determined according to the application scenario, or it can be other time lengths.

According to an embodiment, the wireless signal transceiver device 600 of FIG. 6 and the wireless signal transceiver device 4900 of FIG. 49 may further include a processing unit, such as the processing unit PU of FIG. 9 or the processing unit PU of FIG. 16. The processing unit may be coupled to the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120. The transmitting circuit 110 of FIG. 6 or FIG. 49 may be used to generate a transmitting signal ST1 according to an input signal SI. The input signal SI may also be input to the processing unit. The receiving circuit 120 of FIG. 6 or FIG. 49 may be further used to generate a processing signal Sa according to a receiving signal SR1, and output the processing signal SA to the processing unit. The processing unit can be used to generate spatial information of the body OBJ based on the values of the processing signal SA and the input signal SI, wherein the processing signal SA and the input signal SI can correspond to the signal received and the signal transmitted substantially at the same time, respectively.

According to the embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver 4900 of FIG. 49, the first side D1 of the antenna AN includes a first concave portion, and the second side D2 of the antenna AN includes a second concave portion. The feeding element F1 can be used to feed the transmission signal ST1 to the first concave portion of the first side D1 through electromagnetic induction, and the receiving signal SR1 can be fed to the feeding element F2 from the second concave portion of the second side D2.

FIG. 50 may be a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 5000 in another embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 5000 may include a dual-polarization antenna AN, a transmitting circuit 110, and a receiving circuit 120. The transmitting circuit 110 may be coupled to a feed point FP1 at the corner of the antenna AN, and the receiving circuit 120 may be coupled to a feed point FP2 at the corner of the antenna AN. The wireless signal transceiver 5000 may be an alternative embodiment of the wireless signal transceiver 100 in FIG. 1, and its operation may be similar to that of the wireless signal transceiver 100. In FIG. 50, the components with the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 may operate as described above in FIG. 1.

In the wireless signal transceiver 5000, when the transmitting circuit 110 feeds the transmitting signal ST1 to the feeding point FP1, a feeding area FZ1 may be formed, and the feeding area FZ1 may have a regional shape center FZC1. As shown in FIG. 50, the regional shape center FZC1 may overlap the feeding point FP1. When the antenna AN feeds the receiving signal SR1 to the receiving circuit 120, a feeding area FZ2 may be formed, and the feeding area FZ2 may have a regional shape center FZC2. As shown in FIG. 50, the regional shape center FZC2 may overlap the feeding point FP2.

According to an embodiment, for example, the wireless signal transceiver device 100 of FIG. 1 and the wireless signal transceiver device 5000 of FIG. 50 may be used to transmit a wireless signal STX according to a transmission signal ST1 and receive a wireless signal SRX substantially simultaneously in at least one time period. The wireless signal SRX may include the wireless signal STX reflected by the object OBJ. For example, after a round trip time, the wireless signal STX may be transmitted from the antenna AN to the object OBJ and reflected back to the antenna AN, so that the antenna AN starts to receive the wireless signal SRX. At the same time, the antenna AN may continue to transmit the wireless signal STX. From then on, the antenna AN may transmit the wireless signal STX and receive the wireless signal SRX simultaneously. Before the antenna AN stops transmitting the wireless signal STX, the antenna AN can simultaneously transmit the wireless signal STX and receive the wireless signal SRX within a period of time, and the period of time can be 0.2, 0.5, 1 or 5 seconds. The length of the period of time can be determined according to the application scenario, or it can be other time lengths.

According to an embodiment, the wireless signal transceiver device 5000 may further include a processing unit, such as the processing unit PU of FIG. 9 or the processing unit PU of FIG. 16. The processing unit may be coupled to the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120. The transmitting circuit 110 of FIG. 50 may be used to generate a transmitting signal ST1 according to the input signal SI. The input signal SI may also be input to the processing unit. The receiving circuit 120 of FIG. 50 may be further used to generate a processing signal SA according to the receiving signal SR1, and output the processing signal SA to the processing unit. The processing unit may be used to generate spatial information of the body OBJ according to the values of the processing signal SA and the input signal SI, wherein the processing signal SA and the input signal SI may correspond to a signal received and a signal transmitted substantially simultaneously, respectively.

The transmitting circuit 110 can be used to generate a transmitting signal ST1 and output the transmitting signal ST1 to the feed point FP1 of the antenna AN. The receiving circuit 120 can be used to receive the receiving signal SR1 from the feed point FP2 of the antenna AN. The antenna AN can output the receiving signal SR1 according to the wireless signal SRX. The antenna shape center CT from the feed point FP1 to the antenna AN can be defined as the direction DR1, and the antenna shape center CT from the feed point FP2 to the antenna AN can be defined as the direction DR2. The direction DR1 can be orthogonal to the direction DR2. According to other embodiments, for example, similar to FIG. 14, the sharp angle formed by the direction DR1 and the direction DR2 can be not less than 45 degrees.

According to the embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver 100 of FIG. 1 and the wireless signal transceiver 5000 of FIG. 50, the feed point FP1 may be located at the antenna AN, and the feed point FP2 may be located at the antenna AN.

FIG. 51 is a schematic diagram of a wireless signal transceiver 5100 in another embodiment. The wireless signal transceiver 5100 may include a dual-polarization antenna AN, a feed element F1, a feed element F2, a transmitting circuit 110, and a receiving circuit 120. The antenna AN may include a first side D1 and a second side D2. The transmitting circuit 110 may be coupled to a feed point FP1 of the feed element F1 corresponding to the first side D1 of the antenna AN. The receiving circuit 120 may be coupled to a feed point FP2 of the feed element F2 corresponding to the second side D2 of the antenna AN. The wireless signal transceiver 5100 may be an example of the wireless signal transceiver 600 in FIG. 6 in which the feed elements F1 and F2 are placed below the antenna AN, and its operation is similar to the wireless signal transceiver 600. In FIG. 51, the elements with the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 6 may operate as described above in FIG. 6.

In the wireless signal transceiver 5100 of FIG. 51 , the feed point FP1 may be located at the feed element F1. When the transmitting circuit 110 feeds the transmitting signal ST1 to the feed point FP1, the feeding element F1 may feed the transmitting signal ST1 to the antenna AN through electromagnetic induction, and may form a feeding area FZ1. The feeding area FZ1 may have a regional shape center FZC1. The feed point FP2 may be located at the feeding element F2. When the antenna AN feeds the receiving signal SR1 to the feeding element F2 through electromagnetic induction, the receiving circuit 120 may receive the receiving signal SR1 from the feed point FP2, and may form a feeding area FZ2. The feeding area FZ2 may have a regional shape center FZC2.

According to the embodiment, for example, the wireless signal transceiver 600 of FIG. 6, the wireless signal transceiver 5100 of FIG. 51, and the wireless signal transceiver of FIG. 14 may include feeding elements F1 and F2. The feeding element F1 may include a feeding point FP1 and is used to feed the transmission signal ST1 to the antenna AN through electromagnetic induction. The feeding element F2 may include a feeding point FP2, and the receiving signal SR1 may be fed from the antenna AN to the feeding element F2 through electromagnetic induction.

According to an embodiment, for example, in the wireless signal transceiver 5100 of FIG. 51 , the antenna AN can be used to transmit the wireless signal STX according to the transmission signal ST and substantially simultaneously receive the wireless signal SRX in at least one period of time. The wireless signal SRX may include the wireless signal STX reflected by the object OBJ. For example, after a round trip time, the wireless signal STX may be transmitted from the antenna AN to the object OBJ and reflected back to the antenna AN, so that the antenna AN starts to receive the wireless signal SRX. At the same time, the antenna AN may continue to transmit the wireless signal STX. From then on, the antenna AN can simultaneously transmit the wireless signal STX and receive the wireless signal SRX. Before the antenna AN stops transmitting the wireless signal STX, the antenna AN can simultaneously transmit the wireless signal STX and receive the wireless signal SRX within a period of time, and the period of time can be 0.2, 0.5, 1 or 5 seconds. The length of the period of time can be determined according to the application scenario, or it can be other time lengths.

According to an embodiment, the wireless signal transceiver 5100 may further include a processing unit, such as the processing unit PU of FIG. 9 or the processing unit PU of FIG. 16. The processing unit may be coupled to the transmitting circuit 110 and the receiving circuit 120. The transmitting circuit 110 of FIG. 51 may be used to generate a transmitting signal ST1 according to the input signal SI. The input signal SI may also be input to the processing unit. The receiving circuit 120 of FIG. 51 may be further used to generate a processing signal SA according to the receiving signal SR1, and output the processing signal SA to the processing unit. The processing unit may be used to generate spatial information of the body OBJ according to the values of the processing signal SA and the input signal SI, wherein the processing signal SA and the input signal SI may correspond to a signal received and a signal transmitted substantially simultaneously, respectively.

FIG. 52 is a schematic diagram of a transceiver 5200 in another embodiment. The transceiver 5200 may include an antenna AN, a transmitting circuit 110, a sensing circuit SC, and a processing unit PU. The antenna AN may receive a transmitting signal ST1 and output a receiving signal SR1. The antenna AN may be used to transmit a wireless signal STX according to the transmitting signal ST1, and to receive a wireless signal SRX, wherein the wireless signal SRX may include a wireless signal STX reflected by an object OBJ. The antenna AN may transmit a wireless signal STX and receive a wireless signal SRX at the same time. The antenna AN may output a receiving signal SR1 according to the wireless signal SRX.

For example, the antenna AN may include a feed zone FZ1 and a feed zone FZ2. The antenna AN may receive a transmission signal ST1 through the feed zone FZ1 and output a reception signal SR1 through the feed zone FZ2.

The transmitting circuit 110 can be used to generate a transmitting signal ST1. The transmitting circuit 110 can include a first end and a second end, wherein the first end can be coupled to the antenna AN, the first end can output the transmitting signal ST1, and the second end can receive the input signal SI. The transmitting signal ST1 can be generated according to the input signal SI, for example, the transmitting circuit 110 amplifies the input signal SI to generate the transmitting signal ST1.

The sensing circuit SC can be used to receive a transmission signal ST1 from the transmitting circuit 110, receive a reception signal SR1 from the antenna AN, and output a processing signal SA. The sensing circuit SC can have a first end, a second end, and a third end. The first end of the sensing circuit SC can be coupled to the first end of the transmitting circuit 110 and the antenna AN to receive the transmission signal ST1 from the transmitting circuit 110. The second end of the sensing circuit SC can be coupled to the antenna AN to receive the reception signal SR1. The third end of the sensing circuit SC can be coupled to the processing unit PU and send the processing signal SA.

The processing unit PU can be used to generate spatial information SF of the object OBJ based on the processing signal SA from the sensing circuit SC.

Since the sensing circuit SC can generate the processing signal SA according to the transmission signal ST1 and the reception signal SR1, the processing unit PU can simply generate the spatial information SF of the organism OBJ according to the processing signal SA without using the input signal SI. That is to say, excluding the power signal, bias signal or control signal, etc., which are signals for maintaining the normal operation of the processing unit PU, when the transceiver 5200 has the input signal SI, the processing unit PU can simply generate the spatial information SF of the organism OBJ according to the processing signal SA without using the input signal SI. Furthermore, if the transceiver 5200 has an oscillator (not shown) to generate the input signal SI (e.g., a continuous wave signal), the processing unit PU does not need to be connected to or directly coupled to the oscillator to reduce interference between the processing unit PU and the oscillator. According to an embodiment, the processing unit PU can generate spatial information SF of the body OBJ based on an envelope signal, wherein the envelope signal can be generated based on the processing signal SA from the sensing circuit SC. For example, a filtering operation can be performed on the processing signal SA to generate the envelope signal, wherein the filtering operation can include a low-pass filtering operation and/or a square root filtering operation. The envelope signal can change according to the Doppler shift caused by the movement of the object OBJ, so the processing unit PU can generate the spatial information SF of the object OBJ according to the change of the envelope signal.

FIG. 53A is a schematic diagram of a transceiver 5300 in another embodiment. The similarities between FIG. 52 and FIG. 53A are not repeated. As shown in FIG. 53A, the sensing circuit SC may include a receiving circuit 120 for receiving a receiving signal SR1. The receiving circuit 120 may include a first end and a second end, wherein the first end may be coupled to the second end of the sensing circuit SC to receive the receiving signal SR1.

For example, the transmitting circuit 110 can be coupled to the feeding region FZ1 of the antenna AN, and the receiving circuit 120 can be coupled to the feeding region FZ2 of the antenna AN. Therefore, the transmitting circuit 110 can output the transmitting signal ST1 to the feeding region FZ1, and the receiving circuit 120 can receive the receiving signal SR1 from the feeding region FZ2.

In FIG. 53A, the transmitting circuit 110 may include an amplifier A1, and the amplifier A1 may include an input end and an output end, wherein the input end may receive an input signal SI, and the output end may output a transmitting signal ST1. The amplifier A1 may be a power amplifier (PA).

In FIG. 53A, the sensing circuit SC may further include a junction node 140. The junction node 140 may be coupled to the second end of the receiving circuit 120, the first end of the transmitting circuit 110 (i.e., the end of the transmitting circuit 110 coupled to the antenna AN), and the third end of the sensing circuit SC. The junction node 140 may receive the transmitting signal ST1 and the signal SR' and generate a processing signal SA accordingly, wherein the signal SR' may be generated by the receiving circuit 120 according to the receiving signal SR1.

In FIG. 53A, the sensing circuit SC may further include a sensing element 150, which may be coupled to the transmitting circuit 110 and the junction node 140. The sensing element 150 may be a conductive line between the transmitting circuit 110 and the junction node 150, used to transmit the transmitting signal ST1 to the junction node 140. The sensing element 150 may be used to selectively provide matching impedance for the antenna AN. According to other embodiments, the sensing element 150 may include a resistor, an inductor and/or a capacitor to form a network to provide matching impedance for the antenna AN.

For example, the junction node 140 may include a conductive node coupled between the sensing element 150, the receiving circuit 120 and the processing unit PU. In this structure, the junction node 140 may be used to perform an addition operation to add the transmission signal ST1 and the signal SR' from the receiving circuit 120 to generate a processing signal SA.

According to an embodiment, the receiving circuit 120 may be a conductive line, including a first end and a second end. The first end of the receiving circuit 120 may be coupled to the antenna 120 through the second end of the sensing circuit SC. The second end of the receiving circuit 120 may be coupled to the junction node 140. When the receiving circuit 120 is a conductive line, the signal SR' may be equivalent to the received signal SR1, and the junction node 140 may combine the transmission signal ST1 with the received signal SR1 to generate a processing signal SA.

The spatial information SF may be related to the motion of the object OBJ and may be generated by the processing unit PU. According to an embodiment, the processing unit PU may include an envelope capture circuit 162 and a motion detector 164. The input signal SI may be a continuous wave (CW) signal generated by an oscillator. The processing signal SA may be a self-envelope modulation (SEM) signal. The amplifier A1 may be used to amplify the input signal SI (continuous wave signal) and output the transmission signal ST1 to the antenna AN and the sensing circuit SC. When the object OBJ moves, a Doppler shift may be induced, and the Doppler shift may cause the envelope of the processing signal SA (self-envelope modulation signal) to change accordingly. That is, the Doppler frequency deviation caused by the movement of the object OBJ can be modulated on the envelope of the processing signal SA (self-envelope modulated signal) at the junction node 140. The envelope acquisition circuit 162 can be used to acquire the signal envelope of the processing signal SA (self-envelope modulated signal). The motion detector 164 can be used to determine whether the motion of the object OBJ is detected according to the change of the acquired signal envelope. According to an embodiment, the processing unit PU can determine whether the motion of the object OBJ is detected based on at least one threshold value, wherein the motion detector 164 can determine whether the motion of the object OBJ is detected based on whether the envelope change of the processing signal SA (self-envelope modulated signal) exceeds the threshold value.

For example, the envelope capture circuit 162 may include a rectifier 1622 and a low pass filter (LPF) 1624. The rectifier 1622 may be a rectifier circuit or a processor. When the rectifier 1622 is a processor, it may execute instructions stored in the memory to rectify the processing signal SA (self-envelope modulated signal). The low pass filter 1624 may be a low pass filter circuit or a processor. When the low pass filter 1624 is a processor, it may execute instructions stored in the memory to perform low pass filtering on the rectified processing signal SA (self-envelope modulated signal).

FIG. 53B is a schematic diagram of the transceiver 5302 in an embodiment. The similarities between FIG. 53A and FIG. 53B are not repeated. As shown in FIG. 53B, the receiving circuit 120 may include an amplifier A2, and the amplifier A2 may include an input end and an output end. The input end of the amplifier A2 may be coupled to the first end of the receiving circuit 120, and the output end of the amplifier A2 may be coupled to the second end of the receiving circuit 120. The input end of the amplifier A2 may be coupled to the antenna AN and used to receive the receiving signal SR1. The output end of the amplifier A2 may be coupled to the junction node 140 and used to output the amplified receiving signal, that is, the signal SR1'. The junction node 140 may combine the transmission signal ST1 with the amplified receiving signal (that is, the signal SR1') to generate a processing signal SA. The amplifier A2 may be a low noise amplifier (LNA)

In FIG. 52, FIG. 53A and FIG. 53B, the sensing circuit SC, the transmitting circuit 110 and the processing unit PU can be arranged in an integrated circuit (IC), such as a radar chip. In addition, the transmitting circuit 110 and the processing unit PU can be arranged in the same chip.

FIG. 54 is a schematic diagram of a layout of a transceiver 5400 in another embodiment. Referring to FIG. 52 , FIG. 53A , FIG. 53B and FIG. 54 , port 5405 and port 5407 may be coupled to antenna AN. Transmit signal ST1 may be transmitted to antenna AN through port 5405 and feed region FZ1 . Receive signal SR1 may be transmitted from antenna AN to receiving circuit 120 through feed region FZ2 and port 5407 . In FIG. 54 , receiving circuit 120 may include a conductive line and/or an amplifier (e.g., a low noise amplifier). In FIG. 54 , transceiver 5400 may include a matching network 5410 , and matching network 5410 may be coupled between antenna AN and inductive element 150 . The transceiver 5400 may further include a matching network 5420, and the matching network 5420 may be coupled between the sensing element 150 and the transmitting circuit 110. The transceiver 5400 may further include a matching network 5430, and the matching network 5430 may be coupled between the antenna AN and the processing unit PU.

The matching network 5410 can provide appropriate antenna matching impedance, the matching circuit 5420 can provide appropriate transmission matching impedance, and the matching circuit 5430 can provide appropriate reception matching impedance. In FIG. 54 , the transceiver 5400 includes matching networks 5410, 5420, and 5430, but FIG. 54 is only an example, and each of the matching networks 5410, 5420, and 5430 can be selectively omitted as required.

FIG. 55 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the transceiver 5500 in another embodiment. Referring to FIG. 52, FIG. 53A, and FIG. 55, the sensing element 150 may be coupled between the port 5510 and the port 5520, and may provide matching impedance for the antenna AN. According to an embodiment, the sensing element 150 may be further disposed between the port 5510 and the port 5520, and/or connected between the port 5510 and the port 5520. The port 5510 and the port 5520 may be coupled to the antenna AN. The transmission signal ST1 may be transmitted to the antenna AN through the port 5510. The reception signal SR1 may be transmitted from the antenna AN to the receiving circuit 120 through the port 5520. In FIG. 55, the sensing element 150 may include a conductive wire, a resistor, a capacitor, and/or an inductor to provide matching impedance. The receiving circuit 120 may be a conductive line. The transceiver 5500 may include a matching network 5560 and a matching network 5580. The matching network 5560 may be coupled between the port 5510 and the transmitting circuit 110, and the matching network 5580 may be coupled between the receiving circuit 120 and the processing unit PU. The matching network 5560 may be a transmitting matching network, and the matching network 5580 may be a receiving matching network. The inductive element 150 may provide appropriate antenna impedance matching, the matching network 5560 may provide appropriate transmitting impedance matching, and the matching network 5580 may provide appropriate receiving impedance matching. Compared to the transceiver 5400, the inductive element 150 of the transceiver 5500 may also provide the function of the matching network 5410 of the transceiver 5400, so the area occupied by the impedance network in FIG. 55 may be reduced. FIG. 55 is an example, and each of the matching network 5560 and the matching network 5580 can be selectively omitted.

According to an embodiment, the antenna AN of the transceivers 5400 and 5500 in FIG. 54 and FIG. 55 may be formed on the first metal layer of a circuit board, and the circuit board may be, for example (but not limited to), a printed circuit board (PCB). Other parts of the transceiver 5400 and the transceiver 5500, such as the transmitting circuit 110, the receiving circuit 120, the junction node 140, the sensing element 150, the matching network 5410, the matching network 5420, the matching network 5430, the matching network 5560, the matching network 5580, the port 5405, the port 5407, the port 5510, the port 5520 and the processing unit PU may be formed on the second metal layer of the circuit board, wherein the first metal layer may be different from the second metal layer.

In another embodiment, other parts of the transceiver 5400 and the transceiver 5500, such as the transmitting circuit 110, the receiving circuit 120, the junction node 140, the sensing element 150, the matching network 5410, the matching network 5420, the matching network 5430, the matching network 5560, the matching network 5580, the port 5405, the port 5407, the port 5510, the port 5520 and the processing unit PU may be formed on the second metal layer and/or the third metal layer of the circuit board, wherein the first metal layer may be different from the second metal layer and the third metal layer.

FIG. 56 is a schematic diagram of a transceiver 5600 in another embodiment. The transceiver 5600 may include an antenna AN, a transmitting circuit 110, and a processing unit PU. The transmitting circuit 110 may include a first end and a second end, wherein the first end may be coupled to a feed zone FZ1 of the antenna AN, and the second end may receive an input signal SI. The processing unit PU may include a first end and a second end, wherein the first end may be coupled to a feed zone FZ2 of the antenna AN, and the second end may output spatial information SF of the object OBJ.

Similar to FIG. 52, FIG. 53A and FIG. 53B, in FIG. 56, the antenna AN can be used to transmit a wireless signal STX according to a transmission signal ST1, and receive a wireless signal SRX, wherein the wireless signal SRX may include a wireless signal STX reflected by an object OBJ. The antenna AN can transmit the wireless signal STX and receive the wireless signal SRX at the same time. The transmission circuit 110 can generate the transmission signal ST1 according to the input signal SI, for example, the transmission circuit 110 amplifies the input signal SI to generate the transmission signal ST1. Compared to FIG. 52, FIG. 53A and FIG. 53B, in FIG. 56, the antenna AN can output a reception signal SR1 according to the wireless signal SRX and the transmission signal ST1. The isolation between the transmission signal ST1 and the reception signal SR1 may be not less than 7 decibels (dB). For example, the isolation may be greater than 8 decibels, as shown in Figures 14 and 15. According to an embodiment, the isolation between the transmission signal ST1 and the reception signal SR1 may be not greater than 60 decibels, which is more suitable for self-envelope modulated signals.

The position of the portion of the antenna AN for transmitting and receiving the transmission signal ST1 and the reception signal SR1 (e.g., the feed area) can be adjusted to adjust the isolation to an appropriate value so that the transmission signal ST1 can leak from the feed area FZ1 to the feed area FZ2 through the antenna AN. Therefore, when the reception signal SR1 is generated, it can be affected by the transmission signal ST1, so the reception signal SR1 can be a combination of the wireless signal SRX and the leakage part of the transmission signal ST1. In other words, the reception signal SR1 can be generated based on the wireless signal SRX and the transmission signal ST1, and the processing unit PU can simply generate the spatial information SF of the biological body OBJ based on the reception signal SR1 without using the input signal SI. That is to say, excluding power signals, bias signals or control signals, etc., which are signals that maintain the normal operation of the processing unit PU, when the transceiver 5600 has the input signal SI, the processing unit PU simply generates the spatial information SF of the organism OBJ based on the processing signal SA without using the input signal SI. Furthermore, if the transceiver 5600 has an oscillator (not shown in the figure) to generate the input signal SI (for example, a continuous wave signal), the processing unit PU does not need to be connected to or directly coupled to the oscillator to reduce the interference between the processing unit PU and the oscillator. In other words, the received signal SR1 of Figure 56 can have the effect of the processing signal SA of Figures 52, 53A and 53B. According to another embodiment, the position of the portion of the antenna AN used to transmit and receive the transmission signal ST1 and the reception signal SR1 (e.g., the feed-through region) can be adjusted to provide a proper antenna matching impedance, so the matching network 5410 or the inductive element 150 can be selectively omitted to further reduce the circuit area.

For example, the isolation between the transmission signal ST1 and the reception signal SR1 can be between 10 dB and 15 dB. As shown in Figures 14 and 15, the sharp angle θ formed between the direction DR1 and the direction DR2 can be between 55 degrees and 70 degrees, which is more suitable for self-envelope modulated signals.

In FIG. 56 , the processing unit PU can generate the spatial information SF of the living body OBJ based on the received signal SR1 from the antenna AN, rather than generating the spatial information SF of the living body OBJ based on the processed signal SA as shown in FIG. 52 , FIG. 53A , and FIG. 53B . For example, the processing unit PU can generate the spatial information SF of the living body OBJ based on the envelope signal of the received signal SR1 directly from the antenna AN.

According to an embodiment, a filtering operation (e.g., a low-pass filtering operation) may be performed on the received signal SR1 to generate an envelope signal. The envelope signal may change according to the Doppler shift caused by the movement of the object OBJ, so the processing unit PU may generate the spatial information SF of the object OBJ according to the change of the envelope signal.

Similar to FIG. 52 , FIG. 53A and FIG. 53B , in FIG. 56 , spatial information SF (e.g., movement of object OBJ) may be generated by processing unit PU. Processing unit PU may include envelope capture circuit 162 and motion detector 164, which may be shown in FIG. 53A and FIG. 53B . Input signal SI may be a continuous wave (CW) signal generated by an oscillator, and received signal SR1 may be a self-envelope modulation (SEM) signal. Transmitting circuit 110 may include an amplifier for amplifying input signal SI (continuous wave signal) and outputting transmit signal ST1 to antenna AN. When the object OBJ moves, Doppler shift may be induced, and the Doppler shift may change the envelope of the received signal SR1 (self-envelope modulated signal). In other words, the Doppler shift caused by the movement of the object OBJ may be modulated on the envelope of the received signal SR1 (self-envelope modulated signal). The envelope capture circuit 162 may be used to capture the signal envelope of the received signal SR1 (self-envelope modulated signal). The motion detector 164 may be used to determine whether the motion of the object OBJ is detected based on the change of the captured signal envelope.

According to an embodiment, the processing unit PU can determine whether the motion of the object OBJ is detected based on at least one threshold value, wherein the motion detector 164 can determine whether the motion of the object OBJ is detected based on whether the envelope change of the received signal SR1 (self-envelope modulated signal) exceeds the threshold value.

For example, the envelope capture circuit 162 may include a rectifier 1622 and a low pass filter (LPF) 1624. The rectifier 1622 may be a rectifier circuit or a processor. When the rectifier 1622 is a processor, it may execute instructions stored in a memory to rectify the received signal SR1 (self-envelope modulated signal). The low pass filter 1624 may be a low pass filter circuit or a processor. The low pass filter 1624 may be a low pass filter circuit or a processor. When the low-pass filter 1624 is a processor, it can execute instructions stored in the memory to perform low-pass filtering on the rectified received signal SR1 (self-envelope modulated signal).

For example, in FIG. 56 , the first end of the transmitting circuit 110 may be coupled to the feed region FZ1 of the antenna AN, and the first end of the processing unit PU may be coupled to the feed region FZ2 of the antenna AN. The transmitting circuit 110 may output the transmitting signal ST1 to the feed region FZ1 of the antenna AN, and the processing unit PU may receive the receiving signal SR1 from the feeding region FZ2 of the antenna AN. The positions of the feeding region FZ1 and the feeding region FZ2 may be adjusted so that the transmitting signal ST1 affects the receiving signal SR1, so as to generate the receiving signal SR1 according to the wireless signal SRX and the transmitting signal ST1.

In FIG. 56 , the transmitting circuit 110 and the processing unit PU may be arranged in an integrated circuit (IC), such as a radar chip.

According to the embodiment, the antenna AN in Figures 52 to 56 can be implemented using the dual-polarization antennas in Figures 1 to 14 and Figures 16 to 51.

In Figures 52 to 56, the processing signal SA or the receiving signal SR1 can be generated according to the wireless signal SRX and the transmitting signal ST1, and the processing signal SA or the receiving signal SR1 can be used to generate an envelope signal, wherein the envelope signal includes information about the movement of the object OBJ. Therefore, the embodiment can provide a transceiver with a simpler structure and a smaller size.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the patent application of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

110: Transmitter circuit

5200: Transceiver

AN:Dual-polarization antenna

FZ1, FZ2: Feedback area

OBJ: Object

PU: Processing Unit

SA: Processing signal

SC: Inductive circuit

SF: Spatial Information

SI: Input signal

SR1: Receive signal

ST1: Transmit signal

STX,SRX: wireless signal

Claims (17)

A transceiver includes: a transmitting circuit for generating a transmitting signal according to an input signal; a combining node for performing an addition operation on the transmitting signal and a receiving signal to generate a processing signal; an antenna for: transmitting a first wireless signal according to the transmitting signal; receiving a second wireless signal when transmitting the first wireless signal, the second wireless signal including a wireless signal reflected from an object; and outputting the receiving signal to the combining node according to the second wireless signal and the transmitting signal; a sensing element including: a first end coupled to the transmitting circuit and the antenna; and a second end coupled to the combining node; and a processing unit for receiving the processing signal from the combining node, and generating spatial information of the object according to the processing signal and without receiving the input signal. A transceiver as described in claim 1, wherein the transmitting circuit amplifies the input signal to generate the transmitting signal. A transceiver as described in claim 1, wherein the processing unit is used to determine whether a movement of the object is detected based on an envelope signal. A transceiver as described in claim 3, wherein the input signal is a continuous wave signal. A transceiver as described in claim 3, wherein the processing unit further includes an envelope acquisition circuit and a motion detector. A transceiver as described in claim 5, wherein the envelope acquisition circuit includes a rectifier and a low-pass filter. A transceiver as described in claim 1, wherein an isolation degree between the transmitted signal and the received signal is not less than 7 decibels. A transceiver as described in claim 7, wherein an isolation degree between the transmit signal and the receive signal is 10 to 15 decibels. A transceiver as described in claim 1, wherein the transmitting circuit is used to output the transmitting signal to a first feeding area of the antenna, and the receiving signal comes from a second feeding area of the antenna. A transceiver includes: a transmitting circuit for generating a transmitting signal; an antenna for: transmitting a first wireless signal according to the transmitting signal; receiving a second wireless signal when transmitting the first wireless signal, wherein the second wireless signal includes a wireless signal reflected from an object; and outputting a receiving signal according to the second wireless signal; a sensing circuit for receiving the transmitting signal and the receiving signal, and generating a processing signal according to the transmitting signal and the receiving signal, wherein the sensing circuit The sensing circuit includes: a receiving circuit for receiving the receiving signal and generating a first signal corresponding to the receiving signal; a combining node coupled to the receiving circuit and the transmitting circuit for performing an addition operation according to the first signal and the transmitting signal to generate a processing signal; and a sensing element coupled between the transmitting circuit and the combining node; and a processing unit coupled to the combining node for generating spatial information of the object according to a processing signal output by the sensing circuit. A transceiver as described in claim 10, wherein the receiving circuit is a conductive line, comprising: a first end coupled to the antenna; and a second end coupled to the combining node; wherein the first signal is equal to the receiving signal, and the combining node generates the processing signal by combining the transmitting signal and the receiving signal. A transceiver as claimed in claim 10, wherein the receiving circuit comprises an amplifier, comprising: an input terminal coupled to the antenna for receiving the receiving signal; and an output terminal coupled to the combining node for outputting an amplified receiving signal; wherein the first signal is equal to the amplified receiving signal, and the combining node generates the processed signal by combining the transmitting signal and the amplified receiving signal. A transceiver as described in claim 10, wherein the junction node includes a conductive node coupled between the sensing element, the receiving circuit and the processing unit. The transceiver as described in claim 10 further comprises: a first matching network coupled between the antenna and the inductive element; or a second matching network coupled between the inductive element and the transmitting circuit. The transceiver as described in claim 10 further comprises: a third matching network coupled between the antenna and the processing unit. A transceiver as described in claim 10, wherein the sensing element comprises a conductive line, a resistor, an inductor and/or a capacitor. A transceiver as claimed in claim 10, wherein: the transmit signal is transmitted to the antenna via a first port and a feeding area of the antenna, and the receive signal is transmitted via a second feeding area and a second port of the antenna; and the inductive element is coupled between the first connection port and the second connection port.