TWI871667B - Autostereoscopic display device - Google Patents

Abstract

An autostereoscopic display device including a display panel and a microlens array is provided. The display panel includes a plurality of pixels. The pixels are arranged in a matrix along a first direction and a second direction. The microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses. The microlenses are arranged in a matrix along a third direction and a fourth direction. The first direction is parallel to the third direction, and the second direction is not parallel to the fourth direction.

Description

Automatic stereo display device

The present invention relates to a display device, and in particular to an automatic stereoscopic display device.

Traditional automatic stereoscopic display devices use the optical properties of lenticular lenses to produce a three-dimensional viewing effect. One side of the lenticular lens array is an array plate cast into a cylindrical relief shape, and the other side is a smooth bright surface. When the eyes look from the cylindrical surface to the smooth surface, due to the effect of the lenticular lens, the left and right eyes will see two different images under the lens, respectively, allowing the viewer to view a three-dimensional image.

Generally, when viewing a three-dimensional image from a cylindrical lens array, the image to be viewed is placed below the cylindrical lens array, and the plane where it is placed is also the focus of the cylindrical lens. Therefore, when viewing the image from outside the lens to inside the lens, all parallel light rays will converge to the focus of the lens, and the image below the lens will be seen. The human eye sees different images because it is in different positions. Therefore, when we place multiple patterns of different viewing angles on the cylindrical lens array plate, we must divide the image into multiple thin strips of images, and then merge the multiple different images in sequence.

The rod lens is a one-dimensional periodic structure, and its principle is to achieve a 3D stereoscopic effect through lenses at different angles. However, the rod lens type automatic stereoscopic display device cannot achieve a stereoscopic effect at all angles, because the rod lens can only display a stereoscopic effect at a specific angle. If the viewer's angle is not within this range, the stereoscopic effect will disappear.

The present invention provides an automatic stereoscopic display device, which can display stereoscopic images in different directions/viewing angles.

An embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic stereoscopic display device, including a display panel and a microlens array. The display panel includes a plurality of pixels. These pixels are arranged in a matrix along a first direction and a second direction. The microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses. These microlenses are arranged in a matrix along a third direction and a fourth direction. The first direction is parallel to the third direction, and the second direction is not parallel to the fourth direction.

Based on the above, in one embodiment of the present invention, since the automatic stereoscopic display device uses a microlens array to generate an image with parallax, and the microlens array is a two-dimensional periodic structure, the automatic stereoscopic display device can achieve the purpose of having a stereoscopic effect in all directions/viewing angles. Furthermore, the automatic stereoscopic display device is designed such that: the first direction is parallel to the third direction, and the second direction is not parallel to the fourth direction. Therefore, the design method of the automatic stereoscopic display device avoids the situation where the structure has moire stripes, so that the automatic stereoscopic display device has a better display effect.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic stereoscopic display device 10, including a display panel 100 and a microlens array 200.

In this embodiment, the display panel 100 includes a plurality of pixels 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4. These pixels 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 are used to emit multiple image lights. Among them, these pixels 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 are arranged in a matrix along the first direction D1 and the second direction D2.

In this embodiment, the microlens array 200 includes a plurality of microlenses 210. The microlenses 210 are used to guide image lights from different pixels 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 to different positions in space. When the user views, the image light emitted by two of the pixels 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 will be guided to the user's left and right eyes respectively, so that the user can view a three-dimensional image.

In this embodiment, the microlenses 210 are arranged in a matrix along the third direction D3 and the fourth direction D4, wherein the first direction D1 is parallel to the third direction D3, and the second direction D2 is not parallel to the fourth direction D4.

In this embodiment, the first direction D1 is perpendicular to the second direction D2. The third direction D3 and the fourth direction D4 are not perpendicular to each other.

In this embodiment, the display panel 100 is a liquid crystal display panel, wherein pixels 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 are arranged in an RGB stripe arrangement. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the display panel 100 may be other types of display panels, and the arrangement of the pixels 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 may also be other types of arrangements.

In the present embodiment, the number of pixels 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 allocated to each microlens 210 is an even number. The aforementioned allocation can be defined as when the center of a pixel falls within the orthographic projection range of the microlens on the display panel 100, the pixel is allocated to the microlens. For example, FIG. 1 illustrates that 9×4 pixels are allocated to each microlens 210 .

In this embodiment, the microlens 210 may be an asymmetric lens. For example, the microlens 210 has different refractive powers on different axes perpendicular to its optical axis.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of various possible arrangements of microlenses in an automatic stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2 , the background grid is the pixels of the display panel 100, and the lines L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10, and L11 are straight lines along the fourth direction D4 corresponding to the various possible arrangements of the microlens array 200. Referring to FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the tan value of the angle θ between the second direction D2 and the fourth direction D4 is the simplest integer ratio. The aforementioned value of tanθ corresponds to the period ratio of the pixels allocated to each microlens 210 in the first direction D1 and the second direction. For example, the values of tanθ corresponding to lines L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10, and L11 are 4/15, 5/18, 1/3, 7/18, 2/5, 5/12, 4/9, 7/15, 1/2, 8/15, and 5/9, respectively.

In one embodiment, an angle between the second direction D2 and the fourth direction D4 is less than 45 degrees.

In summary, in one embodiment of the present invention, an automatic stereoscopic display device includes a display panel and a microlens array. Since the automatic stereoscopic display device uses a microlens array to generate an image with parallax, and the microlens array is a two-dimensional periodic structure, the automatic stereoscopic display device can achieve the purpose of having a stereoscopic effect at all angles. Furthermore, the automatic stereoscopic display device is designed as follows: the pixels of the display panel are arranged in a matrix along the first direction and the second direction, and the microlenses of the microlens array are arranged in a matrix along the third direction and the fourth direction, the first direction is parallel to the third direction, and the second direction is not parallel to the fourth direction. Therefore, the design of the automatic stereoscopic display device avoids placing two periodic structures orthogonally/parallel, and at the same time avoids the situation where the structure has moiré fringes, so that the automatic stereoscopic display device has a better display effect.

1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4: pixels 10: automatic stereo display device 100: display panel 200: micro lens array 210: micro lens D1: first direction D2: second direction D3: third direction D4: fourth direction L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10, L11: Lines θ: Angle

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of various possible arrangements of microlenses in an automatic stereoscopic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4: pixels 10: automatic stereo display device 100: display panel 200: micro lens array 210: micro lens D1: first direction D2: second direction D3: third direction D4: fourth direction

Claims (10)

An automatic stereoscopic display device comprises: a display panel comprising a plurality of pixels, wherein the pixels are arranged in a matrix along a first direction and a second direction; and a microlens array comprising a plurality of microlenses, wherein the microlenses are arranged in an n×m matrix along a third direction and a fourth direction, wherein n

2, and m

2, wherein the first direction is parallel to the third direction, and the second direction is not parallel to the fourth direction. An automatic stereoscopic display device as described in claim 1, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. An automatic stereoscopic display device as described in claim 1, wherein the third direction and the fourth direction are not perpendicular to each other. An automatic stereoscopic display device as described in claim 1, wherein the tan value of the angle between the second direction and the fourth direction is a simplest integer ratio. An automatic stereoscopic display device as described in claim 1, wherein the angle between the second direction and the fourth direction is less than 45 degrees. An automatic stereoscopic display device as described in claim 1, wherein the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel. An automatic stereoscopic display device as described in claim 1, wherein the pixels are arranged in an RGB color bar/strip/strip arrangement. An automatic stereoscopic display device as described in claim 1, wherein the microlenses are non-axisymmetric lenses. An automatic stereoscopic display device as described in claim 1, wherein the microlenses have different refractive powers on different axes perpendicular to their optical axes. An automatic stereoscopic display device as described in claim 1, wherein the number of pixels allocated to each microlens is an even number.

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