TWI870322B - Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery simulating system and operating method for natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery simulating system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery simulating system including a mannequin, a barometric pressure sensor module and a processor. The mannequin includes a torso body, an intestinal tube simulation structure and a uterine labia vaginal simulation structure. The barometric pressure sensor module connects to the intestinal tube simulation structure. The barometric pressure sensor module is used to detect an internal barometric pressure of the intestinal tube simulation structure at a plurality of time points so as to obtain a plurality of barometric pressure signals respectively corresponding to the time points. The processor is signally connected to the barometric pressure sensor module to receive the pressure signals. Therefore, by an electrical configuration of the natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery simulating system, a purpose of detecting an operating force of a user can be achieved.

Description

Simulation system for natural vaginal orifice surgery and operation method of simulation system for natural vaginal orifice surgery

The present invention relates to a surgical simulation system and a method for operating the surgical simulation system, and more particularly to a simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery and a method for operating the simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery.

With the advancement of medicine, a variety of surgical methods have been developed, and transvaginal natural orifice surgery is one of them. In order to enable surgeons to be familiar with the surgical process, relevant industry players have further developed surgical simulation systems for teaching and practice. However, during the actual surgical process, the force with which the instrument contacts the intestines and other organs is also very important. If the force is not appropriate, it will cause organ damage. The known surgical simulation system does not have the function of detecting the user's operating force, and there is still room for improvement.

In view of this, how to improve the structure of the surgical simulation system so as to detect the user's operating status when the surgical simulation system is operated has become a goal pursued by relevant industry players.

The present invention provides a simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery and a method for operating the simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery. The purpose of detecting the operating force of the user can be achieved through the electrical configuration of the simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system is provided, comprising a human body model, a gas pressure sensing module and a processor. The human body model comprises a trunk body, an intestinal simulated tube structure and a uterus, labia and vagina simulated structure. The trunk body comprises an internal space and an opening, and the opening is connected to the internal space. The intestinal simulated tube structure is accommodated in the internal space. The uterus, labia and vagina simulated structure is accommodated in the internal space and comprises a simulated vaginal natural orifice, a vagina and a posterior fornix, the simulated vaginal natural orifice corresponds to the opening, and the vagina is connected to the simulated vaginal natural orifice. The gas pressure sensing module is connected to the intestinal simulation tube structure. The gas pressure sensing module is used to detect an internal air pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure at multiple time points to obtain multiple air pressure signals corresponding to the multiple time points. The processor is electrically connected to the gas pressure sensing module to receive the multiple air pressure signals. The processor also determines whether a user's force is appropriate based on the multiple air pressure signals.

Thus, the internal pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure is detected by the gas pressure sensing module, and the processor receives the internal gas pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure, so as to achieve the purpose of detecting the user's operating force.

The simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system according to the aforementioned implementation method may further include a laparoscopic instrument set, an endoscope, and an external display. The endoscope is electrically connected to the processor. The external display is electrically connected to the processor. The laparoscopic instrument set and the endoscope can be operated by the user to enter the uterine labia and the simulated vagina structure through the corresponding opening of the simulated vaginal natural orifice, and enter the internal space through the posterior fornix above the vagina. The endoscope can photograph the internal space of the human body model to obtain an image, and the external display can be used to display the image.

The simulated transvaginal natural orifice surgery simulation system according to the aforementioned implementation method may further include a circuit module, which is electrically connected to the gas pressure sensing module and the processor and includes an alarm device. The processor is used to take the latest one of the plurality of gas pressure signals and take the plurality of selected ones close to the latest one of the plurality of gas pressure signals to calculate an average value. If a difference between the latest one and the average value is greater than or equal to a danger threshold, the processor causes the alarm device to issue an alarm.

According to the simulation system for transvaginal natural orifice surgery of the aforementioned implementation method, the circuit module further includes an amplifier and a plurality of resistors. The plurality of resistors are electrically connected to the amplifier, and the plurality of resistors and the amplifier are matched so that the circuit module has an amplification factor to amplify the plurality of air pressure signals, and the amplification factor is less than or equal to 10 times.

In the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system according to the aforementioned implementation method, the human body model further includes two leg structures, at least one of the two leg structures includes a rotating mechanism.

The simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system according to the aforementioned implementation method may further include a sensing device, which is electrically connected to the processor and is disposed on an inner side of the opening or each leg structure, and the sensing device can be used to detect the entry and exit of an object.

The simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system according to the aforementioned implementation method may further include an inflation device, which is connected to the intestinal simulation tube structure to inflate the intestinal simulation tube structure.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for operating a simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery is provided, comprising a penetration step, a pressure sensing step, and a judgment step. In the crossing step, a laparoscope instrument set and an endoscope of a simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system are used to enter the simulated uterus labia and vagina structure through a simulated vaginal natural orifice of a simulated uterus labia and vagina structure of a human model of the simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system, and enter an internal space of the human model through a posterior fornix located above the vagina in the simulated uterus labia and vagina structure, wherein the human model further includes a trunk body and an intestinal simulated tube structure, the intestinal simulated tube structure is accommodated in the internal space, and the simulated uterus labia and vagina structure is accommodated in the internal space. In the air pressure sensing step, a gas pressure sensing module of the simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery detects an internal air pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure at a plurality of time points to obtain a plurality of air pressure signals corresponding to the aforementioned plurality of time points. In the judging step, a processor of the simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery receives the aforementioned plurality of air pressure signals from the gas pressure sensing module and judges whether a user's force is appropriate based on the aforementioned plurality of air pressure signals.

The method for operating a simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system according to the aforementioned implementation method may further include a circuit module, which is electrically connected to the gas pressure sensing module and the processor and includes an alarm device. In the judgment step, the processor is used to take a latest one of the above-mentioned multiple air pressure signals, and take a plurality of selected ones of the above-mentioned multiple air pressure signals that are close to the latest one to calculate an average value. If a difference between the latest one and the average value is greater than or equal to a danger threshold, the processor causes the alarm device to issue an alarm.

The method for operating the simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system according to the aforementioned implementation may further include a treasure hunting step, where a sensing device is used to detect whether an object placed in the internal space has been removed from the simulated natural vaginal orifice.

According to the operation method of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system of the aforementioned implementation method, the object may include a quick response code (Quick Response Code; QR Code), and the sensing device is a photographic device. In the treasure hunting step, the sensing device can detect the quick response code and transmit it to the processor to generate an object characteristic signal.

The method for operating the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system according to the aforementioned implementation method may further include a scoring step, so that the processor calculates a score and a loss according to the aforementioned multiple air pressure signals and object characteristic signals.

The following will describe multiple embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the drawings. For the sake of clarity, many practical details will be described together in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details should not be used to limit the present disclosure. In other words, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, these practical details are not necessary. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings, some commonly used structures and components will be depicted in the drawings in a simple schematic manner; and repeated components may be represented by the same number.

In addition, in this article, when a certain component (or unit or module, etc.) is "connected/linked" to another component, it may refer to that the component is directly connected/linked to another component, or it may refer to that a certain component is indirectly connected/linked to another component, that is, there are other components between the component and the other component. When it is clearly stated that a certain component is "directly connected/linked" to another component, it means that there are no other components between the component and the other component. The terms first, second, third, etc. are only used to describe different components, and there is no restriction on the components themselves. Therefore, the first component can also be renamed as the second component. Moreover, the combination of components/units/circuits in this article is not a generally known, conventional or familiar combination in this field. Whether the components/units/circuits themselves are known cannot be used to determine whether their combination relationship is easy to be completed by ordinary knowledgeable people in the technical field.

Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a partial exploded view of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 of the embodiment of Figure 1. The simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 includes a human body model 110, a gas pressure sensing module 120 and a processor 130. The human body model 110 includes a trunk body 111, an intestinal simulation tube structure 112 and a uterine labia and vagina simulation structure 113. The trunk body 111 includes an internal space R1 and an opening 111a, and the opening 111a is connected to the internal space R1. The intestinal simulation tube structure 112 is accommodated in the internal space R1. The uterine labia and vagina simulation structure 113 is accommodated in the internal space R1 and includes a simulated vagina natural hole (not marked), a vagina (not marked) and a posterior fornix 113a. The simulated vagina natural hole corresponds to the opening 111a, and the vagina is connected to the simulated vagina natural hole. The air pressure sensing module 120 is connected to the intestinal simulation tube structure 112. The air pressure sensing module 120 is used to detect an internal air pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 at multiple time points to obtain multiple air pressure signals corresponding to the aforementioned multiple time points. The processor 130 is electrically connected to the air pressure sensing module 120 to receive the aforementioned plurality of air pressure signals, and the processor 130 determines whether a user's force is appropriate according to the aforementioned plurality of air pressure signals.

Thus, the internal pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 is detected by the gas pressure sensing module 120, and the processor 130 receives the internal gas pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure 112, so as to achieve the purpose of detecting the user's operating force.

The trunk body 111 refers to the trunk part of the human body. In this embodiment, a human model can be directly used as a skeleton, but in other embodiments, the trunk body can also be made of silicone materials, etc., without limitation. The internal space R1 of the trunk body 111 corresponds to the abdominal cavity. Jelly wax can be used to simulate the touch and texture of muscles, and sponges can be used to increase the elasticity and touch of muscles. An auxiliary lamp (not shown) can be set at the bottom of the internal space R1 to provide lighting. The trunk body 111 may further include an upper half (not shown), a lower half (not shown) and a connecting member 111b, wherein the upper half includes the chest and back, and the lower half includes the pelvis, and the connecting member 111b connects the upper half and the lower half. In this embodiment, the connecting member 111b may be a latch structure, but is not limited thereto.

The human body model 110 may further include two leg structures 114, at least one of which includes a rotating mechanism 114a. The rotating mechanism 114a can make the leg structure 114 bend outward at an angle to simulate the leg opening action during actual surgery, so that the user can conveniently operate the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100. In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism 114a may be a door hinge structure, and can fix the leg structure 114 or bend outward to 30 degrees, but is not limited thereto.

The intestinal simulation tube structure 112 is removably accommodated in the inner space R1 of the trunk body 111, and the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 may include an outer layer and a skin tube, wherein the outer layer may be jelly wax and a bandage and covers the skin tube. The skin tube may be filled with gas. The intestinal simulation tube structure 112 may include a large intestine 112a and a small intestine 112b. The large intestine 112a includes a cecum segment, a colon segment, a rectum segment, and an anal segment. The first end of the large intestine 112a includes a notch (not shown), and one end of the small intestine 112b includes a protrusion (not shown). The notch and the protrusion correspond to each other and can be used to connect the large intestine 112a and the small intestine 112b, and make the gas in the two connected. The simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 may further include an inflation device 180. The inflation device 180 is connected to the intestinal simulation tube structure 112, for example, connected to the small intestine 112b, to inflate the intestinal simulation tube structure 112. The simulated transvaginal natural orifice surgery simulation system 100 may further include a pressure relief valve 180a, which is disposed at one end of the intestinal simulation tube structure 112, for example, connected to the second end of the large intestine 112a. When the user has finished the operation, the pressure relief valve 180a can be used to discharge the internal gas of the intestinal simulation tube structure 112. In this embodiment, the pressure relief valve 180a, the gas pressure sensing module 120 and the second end of the large intestine 112a are connected by a three-way pipe (not shown), and the pressure relief valve 180a, the gas pressure sensing module 120 and the gas in the large intestine 112a can be connected through the three-way pipe. Thus, the pressure relief valve 180a can discharge the gas in the intestinal simulation tube structure 112, and the gas pressure sensing module 120 can detect the internal air pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 through the three-way pipe. In addition, the inflation device 180 can be a blowing ball, but is not limited thereto.

The uterus, labia and vagina simulation structure 113 is removably accommodated in the internal space R1 of the trunk body 111, and is made into a hollow structure using jelly wax, bandages, plastic tubes, and masturbation cups, so as to form a simulated vaginal natural hole, simulated vagina and inner wall. The uterus, labia and vagina simulation structure 113 can simulate the actual uterus and labia, and form the posterior fornix 113a. For the actual uterus, the posterior fornix is located in a depression on the inner wall of the uterus, and the thickness of the posterior fornix is thinner than other parts of the uterus. Therefore, in the natural opening surgery through the vagina, the laparoscopic instruments and the endoscope will pass through the posterior fornix from the uterus into the abdominal cavity to cause minimal damage to the uterus. Therefore, in this embodiment, the user can also use the posterior fornix 113a of the uterine labia and vaginal simulation structure 113 for penetration.

It should be particularly noted that the trunk body 111, the intestinal simulation tube structure 112, and the uterus labia and vagina simulation structure 113 can be colored with reference to the colors of the actual trunk, intestine, and uterus labia, respectively, so as to make the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 more realistic. In other embodiments, the trunk body, the intestinal simulation tube structure, and the uterus labia and vagina simulation structure can be made of other materials, and can also be made into models such as liver, pancreas, or any other organs, but are not limited thereto.

Please refer to Figures 3, 4 and 5, and refer to Figures 1 and 2 together. Figure 3 shows a partial side view of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 of the embodiment of Figure 1, Figure 4 shows a partial side view enlarged view of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 of the embodiment of Figure 1, and Figure 5 shows a partial front view enlarged view of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 of the embodiment of Figure 1. The simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 may further include a laparoscopic instrument set 140, an endoscope 150 and an external display 160. The endoscope 150 is electrically connected to the processor 130. The external display 160 is electrically connected to the processor 130. The laparoscope instrument set 140 and the endoscope 150 can be operated by the user to enter the uterine labia and vagina simulation structure 113 through the corresponding opening 111a of the simulated vagina natural hole, and then go deep into the uterine labia and vagina simulation structure 113 for about 3 to 5 cm to reach the posterior fornix 113a located above the vagina. At this time, the user passes through the posterior fornix 113a and lifts the uterine labia and vagina simulation structure 113 with the laparoscope instrument set 140 or the endoscope 150, and then opens the rectum section of the large intestine 112a to enter the internal space R1. The endoscope 150 can have a light bulb for illuminating the internal space R1 of the human model 110 and obtaining an image, and the external display 160 can be used to display the image. Specifically, the user needs to hold the laparoscope instrument set 140 and the endoscope 150, find the posterior fornix 113a, and then pass through the internal space R1. This allows the user to practice operating the laparoscope instrument set 140 and the endoscope 150 to pass through the posterior fornix 113a.

When the user operates the handheld laparoscope instrument set 140 and the endoscope 150, the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 will be touched, causing the internal air pressure to change accordingly. The change in the internal air pressure can represent the degree of force on the intestinal simulation tube structure 112, and it can also be used to judge whether the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 is injured. Therefore, the detection of the air pressure signal can confirm whether the user's force is appropriate.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the simulated transvaginal natural orifice surgery simulation system 100 may further include a circuit module 170, which is electrically connected to the gas pressure sensing module 120 and the processor 130 and includes an alarm device 171. The processor 130 is used to take a latest one of the plurality of gas pressure signals, and take a plurality of selected ones of the plurality of gas pressure signals that are close to the latest one to calculate an average value. If a difference between the latest one and the average value is greater than or equal to a danger threshold, the processor 130 causes the alarm device 171 to issue an alarm.

Specifically, the processor 130 samples the air pressure signal of the air pressure sensing module 120 at a preset frequency, and can obtain multiple air pressure signals at multiple time points, for example, the 1st to 50th air pressure signals are obtained at the 1st to 50th time points, and the 50th air pressure signal can be used as the latest one among the air pressure signals. The processor 130 can calculate the average value of the selected ones of the plurality of air pressure signals that are close to the latest one. For example, 30 air pressure signals close to the 50th air pressure signal are selected as the selected ones, that is, the 20th to 49th air pressure signals are selected, and the average value of the 20th to 49th air pressure signals is calculated. The difference between the 50th air pressure signal and the average value can be calculated to determine the injury condition of the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 by the difference. If it is greater than the danger threshold, the warning device 171 can issue a warning. In other embodiments, other calculation methods can also be used, not limited to the above disclosure.

The warning device 171 may include a green LED (Light-Emitting Diode; LED) 171a, a yellow LED 171b, a red LED 171c and a buzzer 171d. The processor 130 may further set a safety threshold and a reminder threshold, the safety threshold is the minimum and the danger threshold is the maximum, and the processor 130 may compare the difference with the safety threshold, the reminder threshold and the danger threshold. When the difference is greater than or equal to the safety threshold but less than the warning threshold, it means that the user has touched the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 but has not injured the intestinal simulation tube structure 112. At this time, the green LED 171a is constantly on; when the difference is greater than or equal to the warning threshold but less than the danger threshold, it means that the user has a greater force and may injure the intestinal simulation tube structure 112. At this time, the yellow LED 171b flashes and the buzzer 171d is activated at the same time; when the difference is greater than or equal to the red light threshold, it means that the user has too much force and has injured the intestinal simulation tube structure 112. At this time, the red LED 171c flashes and the buzzer 171d is activated at the same time.

The circuit module 170 further includes an amplifier (not shown) and a plurality of resistors (not shown). The plurality of resistors are electrically connected to the amplifier. The plurality of resistors and the amplifier are matched so that the circuit module 170 has an amplification factor to amplify the plurality of air pressure signals. The amplification factor is less than or equal to 10 times, and in particular, the amplification factor can be greater than 1 time and less than or equal to 10 times.

The air pressure sensing module 120 can make the air pressure signal have a larger amplitude through the amplifier and multiple resistors of the circuit module 170, so that the processor 130 can more accurately determine whether the user's force is appropriate. The circuit module 170 can further include a button switch (not shown) to turn on and off the power of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100. In other embodiments, the circuit module can be coupled with capacitors, inductors or other circuit elements to achieve different circuit characteristics, but is not limited thereto.

In order to increase the fun of the user in operating the simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system 100, and thus increase the user's willingness to operate, the simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system 100 may have a treasure hunting function, so the simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system 100 may further include a sensing device 190, the sensing device 190 is electrically connected to the processor 130 and is disposed at an inner side of the opening 111a or each leg structure 114, and the sensing device 190 can be used to detect the entry and exit of an object 116, and calculate the score accordingly. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , at least one object 116 can be disposed in the internal space R1, and the user can operate the laparoscopic instrument set 140 to find the object 116 and remove the object 116 from the uterine labia and vaginal simulation structure 113. When the object 116 is taken out, it can be sensed by the sensing device 190 and can be scored by the processor 130. In this embodiment, the sensing device 190 can be a camera, and the processor 130 records the result of the sensing device 190 detecting the object 116 entering and exiting, but is not limited thereto.

Please refer to FIG. 6 together with FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a hook function of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 of the embodiment of FIG. 1. The simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 may have a hook function, and therefore, the belly 115 may further include a belly layer (not shown), a plurality of gravity sensors 115a and a plurality of hooks 115b, each gravity sensor 115a is disposed on the upper surface of the belly layer and electrically connected to the circuit module 170, and each hook 115b penetrates the belly layer and is connected to each gravity sensor 115a, so that the hook portion of the hook 115b will be located in the internal space R1 of the human body model 110, and the hook portion can be used to hook an iron ring 115c. In this way, the user can practice the familiarity of using the laparoscopic instrument set 140 by placing the iron ring on the hook 115 b using the laparoscopic instrument set 140 .

Please refer to FIG. 7, which shows a block flow chart of a simulation system operation method S10 for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery according to another embodiment of the present invention. The simulation system operation method S10 for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery includes a crossing step S01, an air pressure sensing step S02, and a judgment step S03. The details of the simulation system operation method S10 for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery will be described below in conjunction with the embodiments of FIG. 1 to FIG. 6.

In the traversing step S01, a laparoscopic instrument set 140 and an endoscope 150 of a simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system 100 enter the uterine labia and vagina simulation structure 113 through a simulated natural vaginal orifice of a uterine labia and vagina simulation structure 113 of a human body model 110 of the simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system 100, and enter an internal space R1 of the human body model 110 through a posterior fornix 113a located above a vagina in the uterine labia and vagina simulation structure 113.

In the air pressure sensing step S02, an air pressure sensing module 120 of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 detects an internal air pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 at a plurality of time points to obtain a plurality of air pressure signals corresponding to the aforementioned plurality of time points.

In the determination step S03, a processor 130 of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system 100 receives the aforementioned plurality of air pressure signals from the air pressure sensing module 120 and determines whether a force applied by the user is appropriate based on the aforementioned plurality of air pressure signals.

Therefore, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, in the crossing step S01, the user can be located between the two leg structures 114 of the human body model 110, operate the laparoscopic instrument set 140 and the endoscope 150 to penetrate the uterine labia and vaginal simulation structure 113 by about 3 to 5 centimeters, pass through the posterior fornix 113a to enter the internal space R1, so as to practice simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery. In the air pressure sensing step S02 and the judgment step S03, the processor 130 can continuously detect the internal air pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure 112, and by comparing the difference with the safety threshold, the warning threshold and the danger threshold, the user's strength can be confirmed, and the green LED 171a, the yellow LED 171b, the red LED 171c or the buzzer 171d of the warning device can be activated to display the user's operating status in real time, thereby achieving the purpose of real-time feedback.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3 , the simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system operation method S10 may further include a treasure hunting step S04, where a sensing device 190 is used to detect whether an object 116 placed in the internal space R1 is taken out from the simulated natural vaginal orifice.

The object 116 can be placed in the internal space R1, and the object 116 can include a quick response code (Quick Response Code; QR Code) (not shown). The sensing device 190 is a photographic device. In the treasure hunting step S04, the user can operate the laparoscopic instrument set 140 to find the object 116 and remove the object 116 from the uterine labia and vaginal simulation structure 113, so that the sensing device 190 can detect the quick response code and transmit it to the processor 130.

Specifically, the processor 130 can parse the QR Code and obtain an object feature signal pre-stored in the QR Code, wherein the object feature signal includes an object type and an object score. The object type and object score can be stored in the processor 130, and an operation score can be calculated after the operation is completed to evaluate the learning effect.

In other embodiments, the sensing device may be a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader, and the object may include an RFID tag. When the object is taken out of the simulated natural vaginal opening, the RFID reader can detect the RFID tag and transmit it to the processor. The processor can parse the RFID tag and obtain the object characteristic signal pre-stored in the RFID tag.

The operation method S10 of the simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery may further include a hooking step S05. As described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, the simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery 100 may have a hooking function, and the plurality of hooks 115b of the belly 115 may be used by the user to place the iron ring. Therefore, in the hooking step S05, the user may operate the laparoscope instrument set 140 to clamp the iron ring to try to place the iron ring on the hook 115b. When the user successfully places the iron ring on the gravity sensor 115a, the processor 130 receives the weight increase detected by the gravity sensor 115a through the circuit module 170, and determines that the iron ring is successfully placed on the hook 115b, thereby obtaining a hook score.

The method S10 for operating the simulation system for simulating natural orifice transvaginal surgery may further include a scoring step S06, so that the processor 130 calculates a score and a loss according to the aforementioned plurality of air pressure signals and the characteristic signal of the object 116. In the present embodiment, one point is deducted each time the difference between the latest and the average value of the air pressure signal of the intestinal simulation tube structure 112 is greater than or equal to the danger threshold. If the objects 116 placed in the internal space R1 are taken out in the treasure hunting step S04, one point is added for each object 116 taken out. If the iron rings are successfully placed on the hooks 115b in the hooking step S05, one point is added for each iron ring successfully placed. The user's familiarity with the natural vaginal orifice surgery can be evaluated according to the above-mentioned scoring step S06.

Through the above-mentioned crossing step S01, air pressure sensing step S02, judgment step S03, treasure hunting step S04, hooking step S05 and scoring step S06, the operator can be trained to use appropriate force to complete specific tasks when performing vaginal laparoscopic surgery, and the user's familiarity with vaginal laparoscopic surgery can be evaluated. It should be particularly noted that in other embodiments, the order of the treasure hunting step and the hooking step can be reversed or selectively skipped, and only the part that the user needs to practice is selected, but it is not limited to this.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.

100: Simulated transvaginal natural orifice surgery simulation system 110: Human body model 111: Trunk body 111a: Opening 111b: Connector 112: Intestinal simulation tube structure 112a: Large intestine 112b: Small intestine 113: Uterine labia and vagina simulation structure 113a: Posterior fornix 114: Leg structure 114a: Rotation mechanism 115: Belly 115a: Gravity sensor 115b: Hook 116: Object 120: Gas pressure sensing module 130: Processor 140: Laparoscopic instrument set 150: Endoscope 160: External display 170: Circuit module 171: Warning device 171a: Green LED 171b: Yellow LED 171c: Red LED 171d: Buzzer 180: Inflatable device 180a: Pressure relief valve 190: Sensing device R1: Internal space S10: Simulation method of natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system S01: Crossing step S02: Air pressure sensing step S03: Judgment step S04: Treasure hunting step S05: Hooking step S06: Scoring step

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simulated transvaginal natural hole surgery simulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a partial exploded view of the simulated transvaginal natural hole surgery simulation system of the embodiment of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a partial side view of the simulated transvaginal natural hole surgery simulation system of the embodiment of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is a partial side enlarged view of the simulated transvaginal natural hole surgery simulation system of the embodiment of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a partial front enlarged view of the simulated transvaginal natural hole surgery simulation system of the embodiment of FIG. 1; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hook function of the simulated transvaginal natural hole surgery simulation system of the embodiment of FIG. 1; and FIG. 7 is a block flow chart of an operation method of a simulated transvaginal natural hole surgery simulation system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

100: Simulation system for natural vaginal orifice surgery

110: Human body model

111: Trunk body

111a: Opening

114: Leg structure

114a: Rotating mechanism

115: Belly

115a: Gravity sensor

130: Processor

140: Laparoscopic instrument set

150: Endoscope

160: External display

170: Circuit module

171: Warning device

171a: Green LED

171b: Yellow LED

171c: Red LED

171d:Buzzer

180: Inflatable equipment

Claims (12)

A simulated transvaginal natural orifice surgery simulation system comprises: A human body model comprising: A trunk body comprising an internal space and an opening, the opening being connected to the internal space; An intestinal simulation tube structure accommodated in the internal space; and A uterine labia and vagina simulation structure accommodated in the internal space and comprising a simulated vaginal natural orifice, a vagina and a posterior fornix, the simulated vaginal natural orifice corresponding to the opening, the vagina being connected to the simulated vaginal natural orifice; A gas pressure sensing module connected to the intestinal simulation tube structure, the gas pressure sensing module being used to detect an internal air pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure at a plurality of time points, so as to obtain a plurality of air pressure signals corresponding to the time points respectively; and A processor is electrically connected to the gas pressure sensing module to receive the gas pressure signals, and the processor determines whether a user's force is appropriate based on the gas pressure signals. The simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system as described in claim 1 further comprises: a laparoscopic instrument set; an endoscope electrically connected to the processor; and an external display electrically connected to the processor; wherein the laparoscopic instrument set and the endoscope are operated by the user to enter the uterine labia and the simulated vagina structure through the simulated vaginal natural orifice corresponding to the opening, and enter the internal space through the posterior fornix above the vagina, the endoscope photographs the internal space of the human model to obtain an image, and the external display is used to display the image. The simulated transvaginal natural orifice surgery simulation system as described in claim 1 further comprises: A circuit module electrically connected to the gas pressure sensing module and the processor and comprising a warning device; Wherein, the processor is used to take the latest one of the gas pressure signals, and take a plurality of selected ones of the gas pressure signals that are close to the latest one to calculate an average value. If a difference between the latest one and the average value is greater than or equal to a danger threshold, the processor causes the warning device to issue a warning. The simulated transvaginal natural orifice surgery simulation system as described in claim 3, wherein the circuit module further comprises: an amplifier; and a plurality of resistors electrically connected to the amplifier, wherein the resistors are matched with the amplifier so that the circuit module has an amplification factor to amplify the air pressure signals, and the amplification factor is less than or equal to 10 times. A simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system as described in claim 1, wherein the human body model further includes two leg structures, at least one of the two leg structures includes a rotating mechanism. The simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system as described in claim 5 further includes a sensing device, which is electrically connected to the processor and is disposed on an inner side of the opening or each of the leg structures, and the sensing device is used to detect the entry and exit of an object. The simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system as described in claim 1 further comprises an inflation device connected to the intestinal simulation tube structure to inflate the intestinal simulation tube structure. A method for operating a simulated transvaginal natural orifice surgery simulation system, comprising: A traversing step, using a laparoscope instrument set and an endoscope of a simulated transvaginal natural orifice surgery simulation system, entering a simulated uterus labia vaginal structure through a simulated vaginal natural orifice of a simulated uterus labia vaginal structure of a human model of the simulated transvaginal natural orifice surgery simulation system, and entering an internal space of the human model through a posterior fornix located above a vagina in the simulated uterus labia vaginal structure, wherein the human model further comprises a trunk body and an intestinal simulation tube structure, the intestinal simulation tube structure is disposed in the internal space, and the uterus labia vaginal simulation structure is disposed in the internal space; A pressure sensing step, wherein a gas pressure sensing module of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system detects an internal air pressure of the intestinal simulation tube structure at a plurality of time points to obtain a plurality of pressure signals corresponding to the time points respectively; and a judgment step, wherein a processor of the simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system receives the pressure signals of the gas pressure sensing module and judges whether a user's force is appropriate based on the pressure signals. The method for operating a simulation system for simulating natural orifice transvaginal surgery as described in claim 8 further comprises: A circuit module, which is electrically connected to the gas pressure sensing module and the processor and comprises a warning device. In the judgment step, the processor is used to take the latest one of the gas pressure signals and take a plurality of selected ones of the gas pressure signals that are close to the latest one to calculate an average value. If a difference between the latest one and the average value is greater than or equal to a danger threshold, the processor causes the warning device to issue a warning. The method for operating the simulated natural vaginal orifice surgery simulation system as described in claim 8 further includes: A treasure hunting step, which uses a sensing device to detect whether an object placed in the internal space is removed from the simulated natural vaginal orifice. The method for operating a simulated natural orifice transvaginal surgery simulation system as described in claim 10, wherein the object includes a quick response code (Quick Response Code; QR Code), and the sensing device is a photographic device. In the treasure hunting step, the sensing device detects the quick response code and transmits it to the processor to generate an object characteristic signal. The method for operating the simulation system for simulating natural vaginal orifice surgery as described in claim 11 further includes: A scoring step, which enables the processor to calculate a score and a loss based on the air pressure signals and the object characteristic signals.

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