TWI856785B - Dyeing auxiliary agent, its manufacturing method and applied dyeing process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a dyeing auxiliary agent and a manufacturing method thereof and a dyeing process used therein. Polyoxyethylene alkylamine, epichlorohydrin and sodium bisulfite are used as raw materials to synthesize Tallow-Amine amphoteric surfactant. The agglomeration property of the auxiliary agent is utilized to capture the dye in the dyeing and finishing wastewater and bring it into the cellulose fabric, so as to increase the dyeing rate of the fabric in the dyeing process and reduce the dye residue rate in the wastewater generated subsequently.

Description

Dyeing auxiliary agent, its manufacturing method and applied dyeing process

The present invention belongs to the field of dyeing auxiliary agents, and in particular relates to a dyeing auxiliary agent that can improve the dyeing rate during dyeing and reduce the dye residual rate of the subsequent wastewater generated, as well as its manufacturing method and the dyeing process used.

Generally speaking, the dyeing and finishing process cannot be separated from fibers, machinery, dyes and water. In order to fully exert the effect of the dyeing and finishing process, overcome the difficulties that occur, and reduce processing losses, various chemicals are needed to achieve this goal. However, with the improvement of consumers' requirements for quality, new dyeing and finishing technologies are developing with each passing day. The requirements for reducing dyeing and finishing costs, saving energy, and automating operations are becoming increasingly urgent. The development of new dyeing and finishing auxiliaries has emerged at the right time and has made an indelible contribution to the progress and development of the dyeing and finishing industry. In the past, the anionic surfactants and cationic surfactants commonly used in dyeing and finishing plants often produce agglomeration, precipitation, high residual content, strange smell, difficulty in preservation, and only effective when used in large quantities. Therefore, developing new surfactants is one of the main ways to enhance the competitiveness of the dyeing and finishing industry in the future. Especially in dyeing engineering, the lack of appropriate additives often leads to poor color uptake, poor fastness, uneven color and other defects.

In view of this, the inventor of the present invention feels that it is not perfect and has devoted all his efforts to research, and based on his many years of experience in the industry, he has provided a dyeing auxiliary agent and its manufacturing method and the dyeing process used, in order to improve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned known technology.

Therefore, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a dyeing auxiliary agent and its manufacturing method and the dyeing process used therein, so as to increase the dyeing rate of the fabric in the dyeing process and reduce the dye residue rate of the subsequent wastewater.

，其中，m+n=15。 To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the dyeing auxiliary agent of the present invention is used to improve the dyeing rate during dyeing and reduce the dye residue rate of the wastewater generated subsequently. The general formula of the dyeing auxiliary agent is

, where m+n=15.

，其中，m+n=15。 In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a dyeing auxiliary agent, comprising the following steps: (A) adding sodium bisulfite to water and placing the mixture in a reaction tank and stirring; (B) adding epichlorohydrin after the mixture is completely dissolved and stirring the mixture at a constant temperature of 50°C for 1 to 2 hours; (C) adding polyoxyethylene alkylamine and adjusting the temperature to 90°C for reaction for 2 to 3 hours to obtain a dyeing auxiliary agent. The general formula of the dyeing auxiliary agent is

, where m+n=15.

Preferably, the present invention further comprises the following steps: (D) dissolving the dyeing auxiliary agent in step C in ethanol and filtering, and then distilling under reduced pressure to remove the solvent to obtain the dyeing auxiliary agent with high purity.

Preferably, the molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to sodium bisulfite is 1:1.

Preferably, the molar ratio of polyoxyethylene alkylamine and sodium bisulfite is 1:1.

，其中，m+n=15。 In addition, the present invention provides a dyeing process for improving the dyeing rate by using a dyeing auxiliary, comprising the following steps: (1) adding a dye and a dyeing auxiliary into a steel bottle; (2) placing a fiber fabric into the steel bottle and sealing it for dyeing; and (3) taking out the fiber fabric and washing it with water and soap, and then drying it naturally. The general formula of the dyeing auxiliary is

, where m+n=15.

Preferably, the fiber fabric is made of cotton.

In this way, the dyeing auxiliary provided by the present invention can significantly reduce the content of dye compounds in wastewater after dyeing, thereby reducing the pollution after wastewater discharge. The above-mentioned dyeing process can also reduce the ratio of dye compounds in wastewater generated after the process while increasing the coloring rate of the fabric due to the addition of the dyeing auxiliary.

In order to enable people with general knowledge in this field to clearly understand the content of the present invention, please refer to the following description with diagrams.

，其中，m+n=15。並且，以下係以TAE-SO3Na代指該染色用助劑。 In this embodiment, a dyeing auxiliary provided by the present invention is prepared by the following method: first, sodium bisulfite is added to water and then placed in a reaction tank and stirred, then epichlorohydrin is added after it is completely dissolved and stirred at 50°C for 1-2 hours, then polyoxyethylene alkylamine is added and the temperature is adjusted to 90°C for reaction for 2-3 hours to obtain the dyeing auxiliary. At this time, the chemical structure of the dyeing auxiliary is

, wherein m+n=15. Moreover, TAE-SO3Na is used to represent the dyeing auxiliary agent.

After the process is completed, subsequent treatment can be carried out to purify the synthetic product. The unfinished reaction raw materials are dissolved in ethanol and then filtered. The solvent and excess water are then removed by reduced pressure distillation to obtain a higher purity synthetic product, which can be adjusted to different concentrations according to different dyeing conditions.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the results of an experiment to determine whether excessive foam would be generated after adding the dyeing auxiliary agent.

Excessive foam will hinder the contact between dye and fabric fiber, resulting in uneven dyeing. If the foam is difficult to eliminate, it will cause oxidation when discharged into rivers, which will burden the environment. As can be seen from Figure 1, the initial foaming of TA (Tallow amine) and TAE-SO3Na is very high, but after 5 minutes, there is no foam or very low foam. Therefore, both TA and TAE-SO3Na are very suitable as dyeing accelerators for cotton fibers, so there is little or almost no residual foam, which will not affect photosynthesis in water and can promote water purification. Since TA and TAE-SO3Na are very suitable for use as dyeing auxiliaries, they can improve dyeing uniformity and reduce the risk of no oxidation in rivers in the future. Therefore, they are good auxiliaries that are less likely to pollute the environment.

In the dyeing process, the most ideal condition is to allow the dyed fabric to completely absorb the dye, so that the finished product can be close to the original color of the dye and the problem of excessive chromaticity of the discharged wastewater can be solved. However, this is often difficult to achieve in actual on-site operations. Therefore, the present invention provides a dyeing process in this embodiment that uses the above-mentioned dyeing auxiliary to improve the dyeing rate and reduce the dye residue rate in the wastewater, including the following steps: (1) adding dye and a dyeing auxiliary into a steel bottle; (2) placing a fiber fabric into the steel bottle and sealing it for dyeing; and (3) taking out the fiber fabric and washing it with water and soap, and then drying it naturally. In this embodiment, the fiber fabric to be dyed is cotton. Among them, after the fiber fabric is placed in a sealed steel bottle, it is heated and dyed at a rate of 2°C per minute starting from 30°C. This heating rate can make the dyeing process more stable and the coloring rate can also be improved.

Figure 2 is an experimental data chart showing the water absorption height of cotton fabrics after dyeing with dyeing auxiliaries at different dyeing times.

It can be clearly seen from the figure that the water absorption of ordinary cotton cloth is quite good, but after being treated with TAE-SO3Na, its water absorption characteristics are more obvious. This is because the functional groups of TAE-SO3Na have been combined with cotton cloth, so it has more water absorption capacity.

Figures 3 to 5 are experimental data diagrams of the dyeing rate of cotton fabrics by different dyeing auxiliaries and the dyeing rate of cotton fabrics and the absorbance (abs) of the residual liquid of the dyeing auxiliaries at different concentrations.

With the current dyeing technology in the dyeing and finishing industry, it is impossible to make the fabric completely absorb the dye 100%, but how to improve the exhaustion rate to reduce costs and improve the dyeing rate is a major issue. As can be seen from Figure 3, if only acid dyes are used to dye cotton, the dyeing rate is not ideal. This may be because the acid dye molecules are too large and negatively charged in water, so the dyeing rate for cotton fibers that are also negatively charged in water is not ideal. However, if the cotton cloth is treated with TAE-SO3Na in this study, the cotton cloth is ionized, so the dyeing rate can be significantly improved. Among them, when TAE-SO3Na is 0.8%, the dyeing effect on acid dyes is better. Another situation is also applicable to the dyeing promotion effect of direct dyes. The only difference is that the concentration of TAE-SO3Na used for cotton fiber dyeing promotion should not exceed 0.6%, especially at 0.8%. This may be because too concentrated dyeing auxiliaries will cause mutual agglomeration, which will reduce the dyeing promotion effect. It will also cause environmental pollution and increase the cost of treatment. Therefore, if dyeing auxiliaries are needed, it is best to find the most suitable concentration first, so as to exchange the least cost for the greatest benefit. In addition, if compared with Figure 2, it can be found that after TAE-SO3Na is treated on cotton cloth, it can simultaneously improve dyeability and water absorption.

Figures 4 and 5 show that the coloring rate can be increased by 20% after pretreatment, and the coloring rate and residual liquid absorbance of 1% additive concentration are better than other concentrations and the case without additives. It can be seen that the present invention does have unexpected effects.

In summary, the above experimental data show that adding the dyeing auxiliary provided by the present invention during dyeing will increase the dyeing rate of cotton fabrics to direct dyes. And the present invention has the following advantages:

1. After the cotton cloth is treated with this dyeing auxiliary agent, the dyeing rate of direct dyes or acid dyes can be improved.

2. After the cotton cloth is treated with the dyeing auxiliary agent, the water absorption height of the cotton cloth can be increased and its sweat absorption characteristics can be improved.

3. The foam stability of this dyeing auxiliary is very good, with almost no foam, so it is very suitable as a dyeing auxiliary.

4. The dyeing auxiliary agent has good ionic properties and is very suitable for improving the hydrophilicity and dyeability of fibers.

Therefore, this dyeing auxiliary agent can indeed improve the dyeing rate of fabrics to avoid further pollution to the environment.

However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention; therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the scope of the present invention should be included in the patent scope of the present invention.

Figure 1 is an experimental data chart showing whether excessive foam will be generated after dyeing with auxiliary agents.

Figure 2 is an experimental data chart showing the water absorption height of cotton fabrics after dyeing with dyeing auxiliaries at different dyeing times.

Figure 3 is an experimental data chart showing the dyeing rate of cotton fabrics using different dyeing auxiliaries.

Figure 4 is an experimental data chart showing the dyeing rate of cotton fabrics at different concentrations of dyeing auxiliaries.

Figure 5 is an experimental data chart showing the absorbance of residual liquid after dyeing cotton fabrics with dyeing auxiliaries at different concentrations.

Claims (7)

A dyeing auxiliary agent is used to improve the dyeing rate during dyeing and reduce the dye residue rate of the subsequent wastewater. The general formula of the dyeing auxiliary agent is

Among them, m+n=15. A method for preparing a dyeing auxiliary comprises the following steps: (A) adding sodium bisulfite to water and placing the mixture in a reaction tank and stirring; (B) adding epichlorohydrin after the mixture is completely dissolved and stirring the mixture at a constant temperature of 50°C for 1 to 2 hours; (C) adding polyoxyethylene alkylamine and adjusting the temperature to 90°C for reaction for 2 to 3 hours to obtain a dyeing auxiliary; wherein the general formula of the dyeing auxiliary is

Among them, m+n=15. The method as described in claim 2 further comprises the following steps: (D) dissolving the dyeing auxiliary agent in step C in ethanol and filtering, and then removing the solvent by reduced pressure distillation to obtain the dyeing auxiliary agent with high purity. The method as described in claim 3, wherein the molar ratio of epichlorohydrin and sodium bisulfite is 1:1. The method as described in claim 4, wherein the molar ratio of polyoxyethylene alkylamine and sodium bisulfite is 1:1. A dyeing process using a dyeing auxiliary to improve the dyeing rate comprises the following steps: (1) adding a dye and a dyeing auxiliary into a steel bottle; (2) placing a fiber fabric into the steel bottle and sealing the steel bottle for dyeing; and (3) taking out the fiber fabric, washing it with water and soap, and then drying it naturally; wherein the general formula of the dyeing auxiliary is

Among them, m+n=15. The dyeing process as described in claim 6, wherein the fiber fabric is made of cotton.

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