TWI854965B - Liquid crystal composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the present invention is to provide a polymerizable liquid crystal composition, whose dielectric anisotropy (△ε) is negative, which satisfies the display in a wide temperature range, high-speed responsiveness and low-voltage drive required by general liquid crystal compositions, and when forming a liquid crystal display element, there is no display defect or very little display defect; The subject of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element, which uses the liquid crystal composition.

A liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy (△ε) and containing one or more compounds selected from the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3), and one or more polymerizable compounds.

Description

Liquid crystal composition

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition.

Liquid crystal display elements display by applying voltage to a liquid crystal composition sandwiched between two substrates to control its alignment and change the optical properties. The liquid crystal composition changes from the initial alignment state by applying voltage. This initial alignment state is controlled by an alignment film using rubbed polyimide, but since it is difficult to separate the alignment state of rubbed polyimide, a method of using polymerizable compounds to control the pre-tilt angle has been developed and put into practical use. In addition, a method of "not using the alignment film itself, but controlling the initial alignment state by self-aligning compounds" has also been explored recently. However, in these methods, polymers of polymerizable compounds are used to control the alignment of the liquid crystal composition.

These liquid crystal display elements are irradiated with ultraviolet light in a state where "a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound in the liquid crystal composition is dropped on a substrate and clamped on another substrate" to polymerize the polymerizable compound. If the polymerizable liquid crystal composition is dropped on this substrate, there is a situation where the drop portion will produce a poor display (drip mark) when forming a display element. Therefore, it is desired to develop a polymerizable liquid crystal composition that does not produce such drip marks.

[Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

Patent document 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2014-524951

The subject of the present invention is to provide a polymerizable liquid crystal composition, whose dielectric anisotropy (△ε) is negative, which satisfies the display in a wide temperature range, high-speed responsiveness and low-voltage drive required by general liquid crystal compositions, and when forming a liquid crystal display element, there is no display defect or very little display defect; The subject of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element, which uses the liquid crystal composition.

The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy (Δε) and containing one or more compounds selected from the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3), and one or more polymerizable compounds. In addition, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device using the polymerizable liquid crystal composition.

(wherein, R ^N11 , R ^N12 , R ^N21 , R ^N22 , R ^N31 and R ^N32 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ - in the alkyl group may each independently be substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, and A ^N11 , A ^N12 , A N21 , A ^N22 , A ^N31 and A ^N32 each independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of (a), (b ⁾ , (c) and (d) below: (a) 1,4-cyclohexyl (one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ - in the group may each independently be substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- ₎ - may be substituted with -O-) (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group may be substituted with -N=) (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl may be substituted with -N=) and (d) 1,4-cyclohexenylene. The above groups (a), (b), (c) and (d) may be independently substituted with a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom. Z ^N11 , Z ^N12 , Z ^N21 , Z ^N22 , Z ^N31 and Z N41 are ^N32 each independently represents a single bond, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -(CH ₂ ) ₄ -, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -CH=NN=CH-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF- or -C≡C-, X ^N21 represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, T ^N31 represents -CH ₂ - or an oxygen atom, n ^N11 , n ^N12 , n ^N21 , n ^N22 , n ^N31 and n ^N32 each independently represent an integer of 0 to 3, n ^N11 +n ^N12 , n ^N21 +n ^N22 and n ^N31 +n ^N32 each independently represent 1, 2 or 3, when A ^N11 ~A ^N32 , Z ^N11 ~Z N32 When there are multiple ^N32s , they may be the same or different.)

The polymerizable liquid crystal in this case can be used to form active matrix driven liquid crystal display elements.

The present invention can provide a polymerizable liquid crystal composition that does not produce drip marks during the manufacture of liquid crystal display elements, or can suppress the generation of drip marks; and can provide a VA type, IPS type, FFS type, PSA type or PSVA type liquid crystal display element that does not have poor display caused by drip marks, or the poor display caused by drip marks is suppressed.

1: Liquid crystal display element

2: First substrate

3: Second substrate

4: Liquid crystal layer

5: Pixel electrode layer

6: Common electrode layer

7: First polarizing plate

8: Second polarizing plate

9: Color filter

11: Gate bus line

12: Data bus cable

13: Pixel electrode

14: Cs electrode

15: Source electrode

16: Drain electrode

17: Contact hole

FIG1 is a diagram schematically showing one implementation form of a liquid crystal display element.

Figure 2 is an enlarged top view of the area surrounded by line I in Figure 1.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention has negative dielectric anisotropy, a nematic-isotropic liquid transition temperature of 60°C or above, an absolute value of dielectric anisotropy of 1.5 or above, and contains one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds represented by the following general formulas (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3).

The compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3) are equivalent to compounds with negative dielectric properties (the sign of △ε is negative and its absolute value is greater than 2).

The compounds represented by the general formula (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3) are preferably compounds with a negative Δε and an absolute value greater than 3.

In the general formulas (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3), R ^N11 , R ^N12 , R ^N21 , R ^N22 , R ^N31 and R ^N32 are preferably each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably an alkenyl group having 3 carbon atoms (propenyl).

烷等飽和之環結構的情形時，較佳為直鏈狀之碳原子數1~5之烷基、直鏈狀之碳原子數1~4之烷氧基及直鏈狀之碳原子數2~5之烯基。為了使向列相穩定化，當存在碳原子之情形時氧原子合計較佳在5以下，較佳為直鏈狀。 When the ring structure to which it is bonded is a phenyl (aromatic), it is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms. When the ring structure to which it is bonded is a cyclohexane, pyran, or diol, it is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms.

In the case of a saturated ring structure such as an alkane, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are preferred. In order to stabilize the nematic phase, when carbon atoms are present, the total number of oxygen atoms is preferably 5 or less, and a linear chain is preferred.

As the alkenyl group, it is preferred to select a group represented by any one of formula (R1) to formula (R5) (the black dots in each formula represent carbon atoms in the ring structure).

When it is required to increase Δn, ^AN11 , ^AN12 , ^AN21 , ^AN22 , ^AN31 and ^AN32 are preferably independently aromatic, and are preferably aliphatic in order to improve the response speed. They are preferably trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexenyl, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene, piperidine-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, and more preferably represent the following structure,

More preferably, it represents trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene or 1,4-phenylene.

^ZN11 , ^ZN12 , ^ZN21 , ^ZN22 , ^ZN31 and ^ZN32 preferably each independently represent _-CH2O- , -CF2O-, _-CH2CH2- , _-CF2CF2- or a single bond, more preferably _{-CH2O- , -CH2CH2-} or _a single _bond , particularly preferably _-CH2O- or _a single bond.

X ^N21 is preferably a fluorine atom.

T ^N31 is preferably an oxygen atom.

n ^N11 +n ^N12 , n ^N21 +n ^N22 and n ^N31 +n ^N32 are preferably 1 or 2, and are preferably a combination of n ^N11 being 1 and n ^N12 being 0; a combination of n ^N11 being 2 and n ^N12 being 0; a combination of n ^N11 being 1 and n ^N12 being 1; a combination of n ^N11 being 2 and n ^N12 being 1; a combination of n ^N21 being 1 and n ^N22 being 0; a combination of n ^N21 being 2 and n ^N22 being 0; a combination of n ^N31 being 1 and n ^N32 being 0; and a combination of n ^N31 being 2 and n ^N32 being 0.

In this case, % means mass % unless otherwise specified.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1) is 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, and 80%. The upper limit of the preferred content is 95%, 85%, 75%, 65%, 55%, 45%, 35%, 25%, and 20%.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-2) is 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, and 80%. The upper limit of the preferred content is 95%, 85%, 75%, 65%, 55%, 45%, 35%, 25%, and 20%.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-3) is 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, and 80%. The upper limit of the preferred content is 95%, 85%, 75%, 65%, 55%, 45%, 35%, 25%, and 20%.

In the case where the viscosity of the composition of the present invention is kept low and a composition with a fast response speed is required, it is preferable that the above lower limit value is low and the upper limit value is low. In addition, in the case where the Tni of the composition of the present invention is kept high and a composition with good temperature stability is required, it is preferable that the above lower limit value is low and the upper limit value is low. In addition, in order to keep the driving voltage low and increase the dielectric anisotropy, it is preferable to increase the above lower limit value and make the upper limit value high.

As the compound represented by the general formula (N-1), there can be cited the group of compounds represented by the following general formulas (N-1a) to (N-1g).

(In the formula, R ^N11 and R ^N12 have the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1), n ^Na11 represents 0 or 1, n ^Nb11 represents 1 or 2, n ^Nc11 represents 0 or 1, n ^Nd11 represents 1 or 2, n ^Ne11 represents 1 or 2, n ^Nf12 represents 1 or 2, n ^Ng11 represents 1 or 2, A ^Ne11 represents trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene, A ^Ng11 represents trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene or 1,4-phenylene, but at least one A ^Ng11 represents 1,4-cyclohexenylene, Z ^Ne11 represents a single bond or ethylene, but at least one Z ^Ne11 present in the molecule represents ethylene, and a plurality of A ^Ne11 and Z ^Ne11 present in the molecule , and/or A ^Ng11 may be the same or different)

More specifically, the compound represented by the general formula (N-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formulas (N-1-1) to (N-1-21).

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-1) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N111 and R ^N112 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

^RN111 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably a propyl group, a pentyl group or a vinyl group. ^RN112 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an ethoxy group or a butoxy group.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-1) can be used alone or in combination of two or more compounds. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set lower. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-1) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, and 35%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 50%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, and 3%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (N-1-1.1) to formula (N-1-1.25), preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-1.1) to (N-1-1.4), and preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-1.1) and formula (N-1-1.3).

The compounds represented by formula (N-1-1.1) to (N-1-1.25) can be used alone or in combination. The lower limit of the content of the compounds alone or in combination relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, and 35%. The upper limit of the content relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 50%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, and 3%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-2) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N121 and R ^N122 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

^RN121 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group or a pentyl group. ^RN122 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably a methyl group, a propyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group or a propoxy group.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-2) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is lower. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is higher. In addition, when the dripping mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-2) is 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, 35%, 37%, 40%, and 42%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 50%, 48%, 45%, 43%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6%, and 5%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-2) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (N-1-2.1) to formula (N-1-2.25), preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-2.3) to formula (N-1-2.7), formula (N-1-2.10), formula (N-1-2.11), formula (N-1-2.13) and formula (N-1-2.20). When attention is paid to the improvement of Δε, the compound represented by formula (N-1-2.3) to formula (N-1-2.7) is preferred. When attention is paid to the improvement of T In the case of _NI , compounds represented by formula (N-1-2.10), formula (N-1-2.11) and formula (N-1-2.13) are preferred. When emphasis is placed on improving the response speed, compounds represented by formula (N-1-2.20) are preferred.

The compounds represented by formula (N-1-2.1) to formula (N-1-2.25) can be used alone or in combination. The lower limit of the content of the compounds alone or in combination relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, and 35%. The upper limit of the content relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 50%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, and 3%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-3) is the following compound.

(wherein, ^RN131 and ^RN132 each independently represent the same meanings as ^RN11 and ^RN12 in the general formula (N-1))

^RN131 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group. ^RN132 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably a 1-propenyl group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group or a butoxy group.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-3) can be used alone or in combination of two or more compounds. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-3) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-3) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (N-1-3.1) to formula (N-1-3.21), preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-3.1) to (N-1-3.7) and formula (N-1-3.21), and preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-3.1), formula (N-1-3.2), formula (N-1-3.3), formula (N-1-3.4) and formula (N-1-3.6).

The compounds represented by formula (N-1-3.1) to formula (N-1-3.4), formula (N-1-3.6) and formula (N-1-3.21) can be used alone or in combination, preferably a combination of formula (N-1-3.1) and formula (N-1-3.2) or a combination of 2 or 3 selected from formula (N-1-3.3), formula (N-1-3.4) and formula (N-1-3.6). The lower limit of the preferred content of a single compound or these compounds relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. The upper limit of the preferred content relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-4) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N141 and R ^N142 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

Preferably ^{, RN141} and ^RN142 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and are preferably methyl, propyl, ethoxy, or butoxy.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-4) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is lower. In addition, when the dripping mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-4) is 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 11%, 10%, and 8%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-4) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (N-1-4.1) to formula (N-1-4.24), preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-4.1) to (N-1-4.4), and preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-4.1), formula (N-1-4.2) and formula (N-1-4.4).

The compounds represented by formula (N-1-4.1) to (N-1-4.24) can be used alone or in combination. The lower limit of the content of the compounds alone or in combination relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. The upper limit of the content relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 11%, 10%, and 8%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-5) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N151 and R ^N152 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

^RN151 and ^RN152 are preferably each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and are preferably ethyl, propyl or butyl.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-5) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is lower. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is higher. Furthermore, when the dripping mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content in the middle range.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-5) is 5%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 35%, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-5) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (N-1-5.1) to formula (N-1-5.12), and preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-5.1), formula (N-1-5.2) and formula (N-1-5.4).

The compounds represented by formula (N-1-5.1), formula (N-1-5.2) and formula (N-1-5.4) can be used alone or in combination. The lower limit of the content of the compounds alone or in combination relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. The upper limit of the content relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 35%, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-10) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N1101 and R ^N1102 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

^RN1101 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl, vinyl or 1-propenyl. ^RN1102 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-10) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set lower. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-10) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-10) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (N-1-10.1) to formula (N-1-10.14), preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-10.1) to (N-1-10.5), and preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-10.1) and formula (N-1-10.2).

The compounds represented by formula (N-1-10.1) and formula (N-1-10.2) can be used alone or in combination. The lower limit of the content of the compounds alone or in combination relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. The upper limit of the content relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-11) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N1111 and R ^N1112 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

^RN1111 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl, vinyl or 1-propenyl. ^RN1112 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-11) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is lower. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is higher. In addition, when the dripping mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-11) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-11) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (N-1-11.1) to formula (N-1-11.14), preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-11.1) to (N-1-11.14), and preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-11.2) and formula (N-1-11.4).

The compounds represented by formula (N-1-11.2) and formula (N-1-11.4) can be used alone or in combination. The lower limit of the content of the compounds alone or in combination relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. The upper limit of the content relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-12) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N1121 and R ^N1122 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

^RN1121 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group. ^RN1122 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group or a butoxy group.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-12) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set lower. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-12) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-13) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N1131 and R ^N1132 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

R ^N1131 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group. R ^N1132 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group or a butoxy group.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-13) can be used alone or in combination of two or more compounds. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-13) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-14) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N1141 and R ^N1142 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

R ^N1141 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group. R ^N1142 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group or a butoxy group.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-14) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set lower. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-14) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-15) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N1151 and R ^N1152 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

R ^N1151 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group. R ^N1152 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group or a butoxy group.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-15) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-15) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-16) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N1161 and R ^N1162 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

R ^N1161 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group. R ^N1162 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group or a butoxy group.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-16) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-16) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-17) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N1171 and R ^N1172 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

R ^N1171 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group. R ^N1172 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group or a butoxy group.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-17) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-17) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-18) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N1181 and R ^N1182 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

R ^N1181 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group. R ^N1182 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably an ethoxy group, a propoxy group or a butoxy group.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-18) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-18) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-18) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (N-1-18.1) to formula (N-1-18.5), preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-18.1) to (N-1-18.3), and preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-18.2) and formula (N-1-18.3).

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-20) is the following compound.

(In the formula, ^RN1201 and ^RN1202 each independently represent the same meanings as ^RN11 and ^RN12 in the general formula (N-1))

Preferably ^{, RN1201} and ^RN1202 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and are preferably ethyl, propyl or butyl.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-20) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-20) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-21) is the following compound.

(In the formula, ^RN1211 and ^RN1212 each independently represent the same meanings as ^RN11 and ^RN12 in the general formula (N-1))

Preferably ^{, RN1211} and ^RN1212 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and are preferably ethyl, propyl or butyl.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-21) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. And when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-21) is 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, and 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-22) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^N1221 and R ^N1222 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^N11 and R ^N12 in the general formula (N-1))

Preferably ^{, RN1221} and ^RN1222 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and are preferably ethyl, propyl or butyl.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1-22) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-1-22) is 1%, 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 35%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, and 5%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (N-1-22) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (N-1-22.1) to formula (N-1-22.12), preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-22.1) to (N-1-22.5), and preferably a compound represented by formula (N-1-22.1) to (N-1-22.4).

The compound represented by the general formula (N-3) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (N-3-2).

(In the formula, ^RN321 and ^RN322 each independently represent the same meanings as ^RN11 and ^RN12 in the general formula (N-3))

^RN321 and ^RN322 are preferably alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or alkenyl groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and are preferably propyl or pentyl.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-3-2) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the improvement of Δε is emphasized, it is better to set the content higher. When the solubility at low temperature is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. When the T _NI is emphasized, the effect is higher if the content is set higher. In addition, when the drip mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (N-3-2) is 3%, 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, and 35%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 50%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6%, and 5%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (N-3-2) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (N-3-2.1) to formula (N-3-2.3).

The compound containing "at least one of ^ZN11 and ^ZN12 in the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3) contained in the liquid crystal composition is a linking group other than a single bond, at least one of ^ZN21 and ^ZN22 is a linking group other than a single bond, and at least one of ^ZN31 and ^ZN32 is a linking group other than a single bond" is preferred, and more preferred is the compound containing "at least one of ^ZN11 and ^ZN12 is a linking group other than a single bond" is preferred.

The compound represented by the general formula (N-1) wherein at least one of ^ZN11 and ^ZN12 is a linking group other than a single bond is preferably a compound represented by the general formula (N-1d), (N-1e) and (N-1f), more preferably a compound represented by the general formula (N-1d) and (N-1e), and more preferably a compound represented by the general formula (N-1d).

Furthermore, preferred are compounds represented by the general formula (N-1-10), (N-1-11), (N-1-12), (N-1-13), (N-1-14), (N-1-15), (N-1-16), (N-1-17), (N-1-18), (N-1-20), (N-1-21) and (N-3-2), and preferred are compounds represented by the general formula (N-1-10), (N-1-11), (N-1-12), (N-1-13), (N-1-14), (N-1-15), (N-1-16), (N-1-17), (N-1-18), (N-1-20), (N-1-21) and (N-3-2). -1-12), (N-1-13), (N-1-18), (N-1-20) and (N-1-21), preferably the compounds represented by the general formula (N-1-10), (N-1-11), (N-1-18), (N-1-20) and (N-1-21), preferably the compounds represented by the general formula (N-1-10), (N-1-11) and (N-1-18).

The total content of the compounds represented by the general formula (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3) in the total content of the compounds with negative dielectric anisotropy is preferably 80% or more, preferably 85% or more, preferably 87% or more, preferably 90% or more, preferably 93% or more, preferably 96% or more, preferably 98% or more, preferably substantially 100% or more. "Substantially" means: excluding compounds unintentionally contained impurities during production.

The total content of the compounds "in the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3) in which at least one of ^ZN11 and ^ZN12 is a linking group other than a single bond, at least one of ^ZN21 and ^ZN22 is a linking group other than a single bond, and at least one of ^ZN31 and ^ZN32 is a linking group other than a single bond" contained in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 50-95%, preferably 60-90%, preferably 65-90%, and preferably 70-90% relative to the total content of the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3).

The total content of the compounds "in the compound represented by the general formula (N-1) in which at least one of ^ZN11 and ^ZN12 is a linking group other than a single bond" contained in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 50-95%, preferably 60-90%, preferably 65-90%, and preferably 70-90% relative to the total content of the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3).

The total content of the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1-10) and (N-1-11) contained in the liquid crystal composition is preferably 50-95%, preferably 60-90%, preferably 65-90%, preferably 70-90% relative to the total content of the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3).

The total content of compounds in which at least one of ^ZN11 and ^ZN12 in the compounds represented by the general formula (N-1) contained in the liquid crystal composition is a linking group other than a single bond, relative to the total content of the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3), is preferably 50-95%, preferably 60-90%, preferably 65-90%, and preferably 70-90%.

It is a liquid crystal composition in which the total content of the compound represented by the general formula (N-1d) is 50-95% relative to the total content of the compounds represented by the general formulas (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3).

Relative to the total content of the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3), the preferred lower limits of the content of the compound represented by the general formula (N-1) in which at least one of ^ZN11 and ^ZN12 is a linking group other than a single bond and the content of the compound represented by the general formula (N-1d) are 50%, 60%, 65% and 70%, respectively. Similarly, the preferred upper limits are 88%, 86%, 82%, 78%, 75% and 72%.

Relative to the total content of the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3), the preferred lower limits of the contents of the compounds represented by the general formulae (N-1-10), (N-1-11) and (N-1-18) are 50%, 60%, 65% and 70%. Similarly, the preferred upper limits are 88%, 86%, 82%, 78%, 75% and 72%.

By adjusting the above content, when using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention to make a liquid crystal display element, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains one or more compounds represented by the general formula (L). The compound represented by the general formula (L) is equivalent to a compound with a dielectric property that is roughly neutral (the value of △ε is -2~2). Therefore, it is preferred to set the number of polar groups such as halogens in the molecule to less than 2, to less than 1, and to have no halogen groups.

(In the formula, ^RL1 and ^RL2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, one or two or more non-adjacent _-CH2- in the alkyl group may each independently be substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, ^nL1 represents 0, 1, 2 or 3, and ^AL1 , ^AL2 and ^AL3 each independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of the following (a), (b) and (c): (a) 1,4-cyclohexyl (one _-CH2- or two or more non-adjacent _-CH2- in this group may be substituted by -O-) (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group may be substituted with -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl may be substituted with -N=), the above group (a), group (b) and group (c) may be substituted with a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, and Z ^L1 and Z ^L2 each independently represent a single bond, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -(CH ₂ ) ₄ -, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCF ₂ -, _-CF2O- , -CH=NN=CH-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF- or -C≡C-; when n ^L1 is 2 or 3 and there are multiple A ^L2s , they may be the same or different; when n ^L1 is 2 or 3 and there are multiple Z ^L3s , they may be the same or different, but do not include compounds represented by general formula (N-1), (N-2) and (N-3))

The compound represented by the general formula (L) can be used alone or in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and can be used in appropriate combination according to desired performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The type of compound used, for example, is 1 type as one embodiment of the present invention. Or in other embodiments of the present invention, there are 2 types, 3 types, 4 types, 5 types, 6 types, 7 types, 8 types, 9 types, 10 types or more.

In the composition of the present invention, the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L) must be appropriately adjusted according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, drip marks, afterimages, dielectric anisotropy, etc.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L) is 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, and 80%. The upper limit of the preferred content is 95%, 85%, 75%, 65%, 55%, 45%, 35%, and 25%.

In the case where the viscosity of the composition of the present invention is kept low and a composition with a fast response speed is required, it is preferable that the above lower limit value is high and the upper limit value is high. In addition, in the case where the Tni of the composition of the present invention is kept high and a composition with good temperature stability is required, it is preferable that the above lower limit value is high and the upper limit value is high. In addition, in order to keep the driving voltage low and increase the dielectric anisotropy, it is preferable to lower the above lower limit value and keep the upper limit value low.

When reliability is important, both ^RL1 and ^RL2 are preferably alkyl groups. When reducing the volatility of the compound is important, they are preferably alkoxy groups. When reducing viscosity is important, at least one of them is preferably alkenyl.

The number of halogen atoms in the molecule is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0 or 1, and when the compatibility with other liquid crystal molecules is important, 1 is preferred.

烷等飽和之環結構的情形時，較佳為各自獨立地為直鏈狀之碳原子數1~5之烷基、直鏈狀之碳原子數1~4之烷氧基及直鏈狀之碳原子數2~5之烯基。為了使向列相穩定化，當存在碳原子之情形時氧原子合計較佳在5以下，較佳為直鏈狀。 Regarding ^RL1 and ^RL2 , when the ring structure to which they are bonded is a phenyl (aromatic), they are preferably each independently a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms; when the ring structure to which they are bonded is a cyclohexane, pyran, or diol, they are preferably each independently a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms.

In the case of a saturated ring structure such as an alkane, it is preferably independently a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. In order to stabilize the nematic phase, when carbon atoms are present, the total number of oxygen atoms is preferably 5 or less, and a linear chain is preferred.

As the alkenyl group, it is preferably a group selected from any one of formula (R1) to formula (R5) (the black dots in each formula represent the carbon atoms in the ring structure).

When n ^L1 is important for the response speed, it is preferably 0, to improve the upper temperature limit of the nematic phase, it is preferably 2 or 3, and to achieve a balance, it is preferably 1. In order to satisfy the desired characteristics, it is preferred to combine compounds having different values as a composition.

When it is required to increase △n, A ^L1 , A ^L2 and A ^L3 are preferably aromatic, and are preferably aliphatic in order to improve the response speed. They are preferably independently trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexenyl, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene, piperidine-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, and more preferably represent the following structure,

More preferably, it represents trans-1,4-cyclohexylene or 1,4-phenylene.

When response speed is important for Z ^L1 and Z ^L2 , a single key is preferred.

The compound represented by the general formula (L) preferably has 0 or 1 halogen atom in the molecule.

The compound represented by the general formula (L) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formulas (L-1) to (L-7).

The compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^L11 and R ^L12 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^L1 and R ^L2 in the general formula (L))

^RL11 and ^RL12 are preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-1) can be used alone or in combination of two or more compounds. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combination according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the preferred lower limit of the content is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the preferred upper limit of the content is 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, 65%, 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%.

In the case where the viscosity of the composition of the present invention is kept low and a composition with a fast response speed is required, it is preferable that the above lower limit value is high and the upper limit value is high. In addition, in the case where the Tni of the composition of the present invention is kept high and a composition with good temperature stability is required, it is preferable that the above lower limit value is an intermediate value and the upper limit value is an intermediate value. In addition, in order to keep the driving voltage low and increase the dielectric anisotropy, it is preferable that the above lower limit value is low and the upper limit value is low.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (L-1-1).

(wherein, R ^L12 represents the same meaning as in the general formula (L-1))

The compound represented by the general formula (L-1-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (L-1-1.1) to formula (L-1-1.3), preferably a compound represented by formula (L-1-1.2) or formula (L-1-1.3), and particularly preferably a compound represented by formula (L-1-1.3).

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (L-1-1.3) is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, and 3%.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (L-1-2).

(wherein, R ^L12 represents the same meaning as in the general formula (L-1))

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-1-2) is 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, and 35%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 42%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 33%, and 30%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (L-1-2) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (L-1-2.1) to formula (L-1-2.4), and preferably a compound represented by formula (L-1-2.2) to formula (L-1-2.4). In particular, the compound represented by formula (L-1-2.2) is preferred because it particularly improves the response speed of the composition of the present invention. In addition, when a Tni with a higher response speed is required, it is preferred to use a compound represented by formula (L-1-2.3) or formula (L-1-2.4). It is not recommended to set the content of the compounds represented by formula (L-1-2.3) and formula (L-1-2.4) to more than 30% in order to achieve good solubility at low temperatures.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-1-2.2) is 10%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, 35%, 38%, and 40%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 43%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 32%, 30%, 27%, 25%, and 22%.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the preferred lower limit of the total content of the compound represented by formula (L-1-1.3) and the compound represented by formula (L-1-2.2) is 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 35%, and 40%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the preferred upper limit of the content is 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 43%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 32%, 30%, 27%, 25%, and 22%.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (L-1-3).

(wherein, R ^L13 and R ^L14 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms)

^RL13 and ^RL14 are preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-1-3) is 1%, 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, and 30%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 37%, 35%, 33%, 30%, 27%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, and 10%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (L-1-3) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (L-1-3.1) to formula (L-1-3.13), and preferably a compound represented by formula (L-1-3.1), formula (L-1-3.3) or formula (L-1-3.4). In particular, the compound represented by formula (L-1-3.1) is preferred because it particularly improves the response speed of the composition of the present invention. Moreover, when a higher Tni is required than the response speed, the compounds represented by formula (L-1-3.3), formula (L-1-3.4), formula (L-1-3.11) and formula (L-1-3.12) are preferably used. It is not recommended to set the total content of the compounds represented by formula (L-1-3.3), formula (L-1-3.4), formula (L-1-3.11) and formula (L-1-3.13) to more than 20% in order to achieve good solubility at low temperatures.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-1-3.1) is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 18%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, and 6%.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (L-1-4) and/or (L-1-5).

(wherein, R ^L15 and R ^L16 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms)

^RL15 and ^RL16 are preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (L-1-4) is preferably 1%, 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is preferably 25%, 23%, 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, and 10%.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-1-5) is 1%, 5%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 17%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 25%, 23%, 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, and 10%.

Furthermore, the compounds represented by general formula (L-1-4) and (L-1-5) are preferably selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (L-1-4.1) to formula (L-1-5.3), and are preferably compounds represented by formula (L-1-4.2) or formula (L-1-5.2).

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-1-4.2) is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 18%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 20%, 17%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, and 6%.

A preferred combination is selected from two or more compounds represented by formula (L-1-1.3), formula (L-1-2.2), formula (L-1-3.1), formula (L-1-3.3), formula (L-1-3.4), formula (L-1-3.11) and formula (L-1-3.12); a preferred combination is selected from two or more compounds represented by formula (L-1-1.3), formula (L-1-2.2), formula (L-1-3.1), formula (L-1-3.3), formula (L-1-3.4) and formula (L-1-4.2); these compounds The preferred lower limit of the total content of the compound, relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, 33%, and 35%. The upper limit, relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, is 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 37%, 35%, 33%, 30%, 28%, 25%, 23%, and 20%. When the reliability of the composition is important, the preferred combination is selected from two or more compounds represented by formula (L-1-3.1), formula (L-1-3.3) and formula (L-1-3.4). When the response speed of the composition is important, the preferred combination is selected from two or more compounds represented by formula (L-1-1.3) and formula (L-1-2.2).

The compound represented by the general formula (L-1) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by the general formula (L-1-6).

(wherein, R ^L17 and R ^L18 each independently represent a methyl group or a hydrogen atom)

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-1-6) is 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 17%, 20%, 23%, 25%, 27%, 30%, and 35%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content is 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 42%, 40%, 38%, 35%, 33%, and 30%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (L-1-6) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (L-1-6.1) to formula (L-1-6.3).

The compound represented by the general formula (L-2) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^L21 and R ^L22 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^L1 and R ^L2 in the general formula (L))

R ^L21 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and R ^L22 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-2) can be used alone or in combination of two or more compounds. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

When the solubility at low temperature is important, the effect is high if the content is set higher. On the contrary, when the response speed is important, the effect is high if the content is set lower. And when the dripping mark or afterimage characteristics are improved, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (L-2) is preferably 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is preferably 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, and 3%.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (L-2) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (L-2.1) to formula (L-2.6), and preferably a compound represented by formula (L-2.1), formula (L-2.3), formula (L-2.4) and formula (L-2.6).

The compound represented by the general formula (L-3) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^L31 and R ^L32 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^L1 and R ^L2 in the general formula (L))

Preferably, ^RL31 and ^RL32 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-3) can be used alone or in combination of two or more compounds. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combination according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (L-3) is preferably 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content is preferably 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, and 3%.

When obtaining a high birefringent index, if the content is set higher, the effect is high. Conversely, when emphasizing a high Tni, if the content is set lower, the effect is high. Also, when improving drip marks or afterimage characteristics, it is better to set the content range in the middle.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (L-3) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (L-3.1) to formula (L-3.7), and is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-3.2) to formula (L-3.5).

The compound represented by the general formula (L-4) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^L41 and R ^L42 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^L1 and R ^L2 in the general formula (L))

R ^L41 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and R ^L42 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-4) can be used alone, or two or more compounds can be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combinations according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

In the composition of the present invention, the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-4) must be appropriately adjusted according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, drip marks, afterimages, dielectric anisotropy, etc.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (L-4) is preferably 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 14%, 16%, 20%, 23%, 26%, 30%, 35%, and 40%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (L-4) is preferably 50%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 20%, 15%, 10%, and 5%.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-4) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-4.1) to formula (L-4.3).

Depending on the required properties such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, etc., it may contain the compound represented by formula (L-4.1), or it may contain the compound represented by formula (L-4.2), or it may contain both the compound represented by formula (L-4.1) and the compound represented by formula (L-4.2), or it may contain all the compounds represented by formulas (L-4.1) to (L-4.3). Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the preferred lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (L-4.1) or formula (L-4.2) is 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 18%, 21%, and the preferred upper limit is 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, 8%.

When containing both the compound represented by formula (L-4.1) and the compound represented by formula (L-4.2), the lower limit of the content of the two compounds relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 15%, 19%, 24%, 30%, and the upper limit is 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-4) is preferably a compound represented by the formula (L-4.4) to the formula (L-4.6), and preferably a compound represented by the formula (L-4.4).

Depending on the required performance such as solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, etc., it may contain the compound represented by formula (L-4.4), or it may contain the compound represented by formula (L-4.5), or it may contain both the compound represented by formula (L-4.4) and the compound represented by formula (L-4.5).

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the preferred lower limit of the content of the compound represented by formula (L-4.4) or formula (L-4.5) is 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 18%, and 21%. The preferred upper limit is 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%, 10%, and 8%.

When containing both the compound represented by formula (L-4.4) and the compound represented by formula (L-4.5), the lower limit of the content of the two compounds relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 15%, 19%, 24%, 30%, and the upper limit is 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 13%.

The compound represented by general formula (L-4) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-4.7) to formula (L-4.10), and the compound represented by formula (L-4.9) is particularly preferred.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-5) is the following compound.

(In the formula, R ^L51 and R ^L52 each independently represent the same meanings as R ^L1 and R ^L2 in the general formula (L))

R ^L51 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and R ^L52 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 4 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-5) can be used alone or in combination of two or more compounds. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combination according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

In the composition of the present invention, the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-5) must be appropriately adjusted according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, drip marks, afterimages, dielectric anisotropy, etc.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-5) is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 14%, 16%, 20%, 23%, 26%, 30%, 35%, and 40%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-5) is 50%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 20%, 15%, 10%, and 5%.

The compound represented by general formula (L-5) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-5.1) or formula (L-5.2), and is particularly preferably a compound represented by formula (L-5.1).

The lower limit of the content of these compounds relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, and 7%. The upper limit of the content of these compounds is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, and 9%.

The compound represented by general formula (L-5) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-5.3) or formula (L-5.4).

The lower limit of the content of these compounds relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, and 7%. The upper limit of the content of these compounds is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, and 9%.

The compound represented by general formula (L-5) is preferably a compound selected from the group of compounds represented by formula (L-5.5) to formula (L-5.7), and is particularly preferably a compound represented by formula (L-5.7).

The lower limit of the content of these compounds relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, and 7%. The upper limit of the content of these compounds is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, and 9%.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-6) is the following compound.

(wherein, ^RL61 and ^RL62 each independently represent the same meanings as ^RL1 and ^RL2 in the general formula (L), and ^XL61 and ^XL62 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom)

Preferably, ^RL61 and ^RL62 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. Preferably, one of ^XL61 and ^XL62 is a fluorine atom and the other is a hydrogen atom.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-6) can be used alone or in combination of two or more compounds. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they can be used in appropriate combination according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 or more.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-6) is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 14%, 16%, 20%, 23%, 26%, 30%, 35%, and 40%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-6) is 50%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 20%, 15%, 10%, and 5%. When the focus is on increasing △n, it is better to increase the content. When the focus is on precipitation at low temperature, it is better to reduce the content.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-6) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-6.1) to formula (L-6.9).

The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and preferably contain 1 to 3 of these compounds, and more preferably contain 1 to 4 of them. In addition, since the molecular weight distribution of the selected compounds is wide and also effective for solubility, it is preferred to select, for example, 1 compound from the compounds represented by formula (L-6.1) or (L-6.2), 1 compound from the compounds represented by formula (L-6.4) or (L-6.5), 1 compound from the compounds represented by formula (L-6.6) or (L-6.7), and 1 compound from the compounds represented by formula (L-6.8) or (L-6.9), and then appropriately combine these. Among them, it is preferred to contain compounds represented by formula (L-6.1), formula (L-6.3), formula (L-6.4), formula (L-6.6) and formula (L-6.9).

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (L-6) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-6.10) to formula (L-6.17), among which the compound represented by formula (L-6.11) is preferred.

The lower limit of the content of these compounds relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, and 7%. The upper limit of the content of these compounds is 20%, 15%, 13%, 10%, and 9%.

The compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is the following compound.

(wherein, ^RL71 and ^RL72 each independently represent the same meanings as ^RL1 and ^RL2 in the general formula (L), ^AL71 and ^AL72 each independently represent the same meanings as ^AL2 and ^AL3 in the general formula (L), the hydrogen atoms in ^AL71 and ^AL72 each independently may be substituted by fluorine atoms, ^ZL71 represents the same meaning as ^ZL2 in the general formula (L), and ^XL71 and ^XL72 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a hydrogen atom)

In the formula, R ^L71 and R ^L72 are preferably each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, A ^L71 and A ^L72 are preferably each independently a 1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group, the hydrogen atoms on A ^L71 and A ^L72 may also be each independently substituted by a fluorine atom, Z ^L71 is preferably a single bond or -COO-, preferably a single bond, and ^XL71 and ^XL72 are preferably hydrogen atoms.

There is no particular limitation on the types of compounds that can be combined, and they can be combined based on the required performance such as solubility at low temperatures, transition temperature, electrical reliability, and birefringence. The types of compounds used, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention, are 1, 2, 3, or 4.

In the composition of the present invention, the content of the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) must be appropriately adjusted according to the required performance such as solubility at low temperature, transition temperature, electrical reliability, birefringence, process compatibility, drip marks, afterimages, dielectric anisotropy, etc.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-7) is 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 14%, 16%, and 20%. Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the upper limit of the preferred content of the compound represented by formula (L-7) is 30%, 25%, 23%, 20%, 18%, 15%, 10%, and 5%.

When the composition of the present invention is expected to be in a high Tni embodiment, it is better to increase the content of the compound represented by formula (L-7). When a low viscosity embodiment is expected, it is better to reduce the content.

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-7.1) to formula (L-7.4), and is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-7.2).

Furthermore, the compound represented by general formula (L-7) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-7.11) to formula (L-7.13), and is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-7.11).

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is a compound represented by formula (L-7.21) to formula (L-7.23). Preferably, it is a compound represented by formula (L-7.21).

Furthermore, the compound represented by general formula (L-7) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-7.31) to formula (L-7.34), and preferably a compound represented by formula (L-7.31) or/and formula (L-7.32).

Furthermore, the compound represented by general formula (L-7) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-7.41) to formula (L-7.44), and preferably a compound represented by formula (L-7.41) or/and formula (L-7.42).

Furthermore, the compound represented by the general formula (L-7) is preferably a compound represented by formula (L-7.51) to formula (L-7.53).

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the compounds represented by general formula (i), general formula (ii), general formula (L) and (N) is 80%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% and 100%. The upper limit of the preferred content is 100%, 99%, 98% and 95%.

Relative to the total amount of the composition of the present invention, the lower limit of the preferred content of the total of the compounds represented by general formula (i), general formula (ii), general formula (L-1) to (L-7) and (M-1) to (M-8) is 80%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, and 100%. The upper limit of the preferred content is 100%, 99%, 98%, and 95%.

The composition of the present invention is preferably a compound that does not contain a structure in which oxygen atoms are bonded to each other, such as a peroxide (-CO-OO-) structure, in the molecule.

When the reliability and long-term stability of the composition are important, it is preferred to set the content of the compound having a carbonyl group to less than 5% relative to the total mass of the above composition, more preferably less than 3%, further preferably less than 1%, and most preferably substantially free of the compound.

When the stability under UV irradiation is important, it is preferred to set the content of the compound substituted by chlorine atoms to 15% or less relative to the total mass of the composition, preferably to 10% or less, preferably to 8% or less, more preferably to 5% or less, preferably to 3% or less, and even more preferably to contain substantially no chlorine atoms.

It is preferred to make the content of compounds whose ring structures in the molecules are all six-membered rings higher, and it is preferred to set the content of compounds whose ring structures in the molecules are all six-membered rings to be 80% or more relative to the total mass of the composition, more preferably to set it to be 90% or more, and further preferably to set it to be 95% or more. The best is that the composition is substantially composed of compounds whose ring structures in the molecules are all six-membered rings.

In order to suppress the deterioration caused by oxidation of the composition, it is preferred to reduce the content of the compound having a cyclohexenyl group as a ring structure, preferably to set the content of the compound having a cyclohexenyl group to 10% or less relative to the total mass of the above composition, preferably to set it to 8% or less, more preferably to set it to 5% or less, more preferably to set it to 3% or less, and further preferably to substantially not contain it.

When the improvement of viscosity and Tni is emphasized, it is preferred to reduce the content of the compound having a 2-methylbenzene-1,4-diyl group in which the hydrogen atom in the molecule can be replaced by a halogen. It is preferred to set the content of the compound having the above-mentioned 2-methylbenzene-1,4-diyl group in the molecule to less than 10% relative to the total mass of the above-mentioned composition, preferably less than 8%, more preferably less than 5%, more preferably less than 3%, and more preferably substantially no content.

In this case, the term "substantially non-contained" means that the product does not contain anything other than what is intentionally contained.

When the compound contained in the composition of the first embodiment of the present invention has an alkenyl group as a side chain, when the alkenyl group is bonded to cyclohexane, the number of carbon atoms of the alkenyl group is preferably 2 to 5, and when the alkenyl group is bonded to benzene, the number of carbon atoms of the alkenyl group is preferably 4 to 5. It is preferred that the alkenyl group is unsaturatedly bonded and not directly bonded to benzene.

The average elastic constant (K _AVG ) of the liquid crystal composition used in the present invention is preferably 10 to 25, and as the lower limit, it is preferably 10, preferably 10.5, preferably 11, preferably 11.5, preferably 12, preferably 12.3, preferably 12.5, preferably 12.8, preferably 13, preferably 13.3, preferably 13.5, preferably 13.8, preferably 14, preferably 15. 14.3 is better, 14.5 is better, 14.8 is better, 15 is better, 15.3 is better, 15.5 is better, 15.8 is better, 16 is better, 16.3 is better, 16.5 is better, 16.8 is better, 17 is better, 17.3 is better, 17.5 is better, 17.8 is better, The best value is 18; as the upper limit value, 25 is better, 24.5 is better, 24 is better, 23.5 is better, 23 is better, 22.8 is better, 22.5 is better, 22.3 is better, 22 is better, 21.8 is better, 21.5 is better, 21.3 is better, 21 is better, and 20.8 is better. , preferably 20.5, preferably 20.3, preferably 20, preferably 19.8, preferably 19.5, preferably 19.3, preferably 19, preferably 18.8, preferably 18.5, preferably 18.3, preferably 18, preferably 17.8, preferably 17.5, preferably 17.3, preferably 17. When the reduction of power consumption is important, it is effective to suppress the light amount of the backlight source, and the liquid crystal display element is preferably to improve the light transmittance, so it is preferable to set the value of K _AVG to a lower value. When the improvement of the response speed is important, it is preferable to set the value of K _AVG to a higher value.

As the polymerizable compound of the present invention, the compound represented by the following general formula (P) is preferred.

(In the above general formula (P), ^Rp1 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms in which the hydrogen atom may be substituted by a halogen atom, an alkoxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms in which the hydrogen atom may be substituted by a halogen atom, an alkenyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms in which the hydrogen atom may be substituted by a halogen atom, an alkenyloxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms in which the hydrogen atom may be substituted by a halogen ^{atom, or -Spp2-Pp2 , Pp1} and ^Pp2 each independently represent any one of the general formulae ( ^Pp1-1 ) to ( ^Pp1-9 ),

(wherein, R ^p11 and R ^p12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, W ^p11 represents a single bond, -O-, -COO- or a methylene group, and t ^p11 represents 0, 1 or 2. When there are multiple R ^p11 , R ^p12 , W ^p11 and/or t ^p11 in the molecule, they may be the same or different.)

Sp ^p1 and Sp ^p2 each independently represent a single bond or a spacer, and Z ^p1 and Z ^p2 each independently represent a single bond, -O-, -S-, -CH ₂ -, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -CO-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCOOCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ OCOO-, -OCH ₂ CH ₂ O-, -CO-NR ^ZP1 -, -NR ^ZP1 -CO-, -SCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ S-, -CH=CR ^ZP1 -COO-, -CH=CR ^ZP1 -OCO-, -COO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-, -OCO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-, -COO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-COO-, -COO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-OCO-, -OCO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-COO-, -OCO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-OCO-, -(CH ₂ ) _z -COO-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -OCO-, -OCO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, -(C=O)-O-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ CF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -, or -C≡C- (wherein, R ^ZP1 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. When there are plural R ^ZP1 in the molecule, they may be the same or different)

烷-2,5-二基，A^p2未經取代或可被碳原子數1~12之烷基、碳原子數1~12之鹵化烷基、碳原子數1~12之烷氧基、碳原子數1~12之鹵化烷氧基、鹵素原子、氰基、硝基或-Sp^p2-P^p2取代，A^p1表示(A^p1-11)~(A^p1-19)所表示之基，

^Ap2 represents 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, anthracene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,3-dihydronaphthalene-2,5-diyl.

Alkane-2,5-diyl, A ^p2 is unsubstituted or may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, or -Sp ^p2 -P ^p2 , A ^p1 represents a group represented by (A ^p1 -11) to (A ^p1 -19),

(In the formula, * is bonded to Sp ^p1 or Z ^p1 , ** is bonded to Z ^p1 , and one or more hydrogen atoms in the structure may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, or -Sp ^p2 -P ^p2 )

A ^p3 represents a group represented by (A ^p3 -11) to (A ^p3 -19),

(In the formula, * is bonded to Z ^p2 , ** is bonded to R ^p1 or Z ^p2 , and one or more hydrogen atoms in the structure may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, or -Sp ^p2 -P ^p2 )

^mp2 and ^mp3 each independently represent 0, 1, 2 or 3, ^mp1 and ^mp4 each independently represent 1, 2 or 3, and when a plurality of ^Pp1 , ^Spp1 , ^Ap1 , ^Zp1 , ^Zp2 , ^Ap3 and/or ^Rp1 exist in the molecule, they may be the same or different). In addition, it is preferred to contain one or more polymerizable monomers.

In the general formula (P) of the present invention, R ^p1 is preferably -Sp ^p2 -P ^p2 .

It is preferred that P ^p1 and P ^p2 are each independently any one of the formulas (P ^p1 -1) to (P ^p1 -3), and more preferably (P ^p1 -1).

Preferably, R ^p11 and R ^p12 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

It is preferred that m ^p1 + m ^p4 is 2 or greater, more preferably 2 or 3.

^Zp1 and ^Zp2 are preferably each independently _a single bond, _-OCH2- , _-CH2O- , -CO-, -C2H4-, -COO-, -OCO-, -COOC2H4-, -OCOC2H4-, _-C2H4OCO- , -C2H4COO-, _-CH =CH-, -CF2-, -CF2O-, -(CH2) ₂ -COO-, - _{( CH2} ) _{2- OCO- , -OCO-} ( _{CH2 ) 2-} , -CH=CH _{- COO- ,} -COO-CH=CH-, -OCOCH=CH-, -COO-( _CH2 ) _2- , _-OCF2- , or -C≡C-, preferably _a single bond, _{-OCH2- , -CH2O-} , _{-C2H4 4} -, -COO-, -OCO-, -COOC ₂ H ₄ -, -OCOC ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₂ H ₄ OCO-, -C ₂ H ₄ COO-, -CH=CH-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -COO-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -OCO-, -OCO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, -CH=CH-COO-, -COO-CH=CH-, -OCOCH=CH-, -COO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, or -C≡C-; preferably, only one of the following is present in the molecule: -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -COOC ₂ H ₄ -, -OCOC ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₂ H ₄ OCO-, -C ₂ H ₄ COO-, -CH=CH-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -COO-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -OCO-, -OCO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, -CH=CH-COO-, -COO-CH=CH-, -OCOCH=CH-, -COO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, or -C≡C-, and all the others are single bonds. Preferably, only one of -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -COO-, or -OCO- exists in the molecule, and all the others are single bonds. More preferably, all are single bonds.

Furthermore, it is preferred that only one of ^Zp1 and ^Zp2 present in the molecule is a linking group selected from the group consisting of -CH=CH-COO-, -COO-CH=CH-, -( _CH2 ) ₂ -COO-, -( _CH2 ) ₂ -OCO-, -O-CO-( _CH2 ) _2- , and -COO-( _CH2 ) _2- , and the others are single bonds.

Sp ^p1 and Sp ^p2 each independently represent a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. The -CH ₂ - in the alkylene group may be substituted by -O-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C- as long as the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other. The hydrogen atom in the alkylene group may be substituted by a halogen atom. Preferably, the alkylene group is a straight chain group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a single bond.

A ^p2 is preferably 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, anthracene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, or naphthalene-2,6-diyl, preferably 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, or naphthalene-2,6-diyl. When m ^p2 + m ^p3 is 0, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl is preferred. When m ^p2 + m ^p3 is 1, 2, or 3, 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-cyclohexyl is preferred. In order to improve the compatibility with the liquid crystal compound, one or more hydrogen atoms in the structure of A ^p2 may be substituted by methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, or fluorine atoms.

A ^p1 is preferably a formula (A ^p1 -15), (A ^p1 -16), (A ^p1 -17) or (A ^p1 -18). In order to improve the compatibility with the liquid crystal compound, one or more hydrogen atoms in the structure of A ^p1 may be substituted by methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy or fluorine atoms.

^Ap3 is preferably a formula ( ^Ap1-14 ), ( ^Ap1-15 ), ( ^Ap1-16 ), ( ^Ap1-17 ) or ( ^Ap1-18 ). In order to improve the compatibility with the liquid crystal compound, one or more hydrogen atoms in the structure of ^Ap3 may be substituted by methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy or fluorine atoms.

m ^p2 +m ^p3 is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, more preferably 1 or 2.

Regarding the total content of the compound represented by the general formula (P), relative to the composition containing the compound represented by the general formula (P) of the present invention, it is preferably 0.05-10%, preferably 0.1-8%, preferably 0.1-5%, preferably 0.1-3%, preferably 0.2-2%, preferably 0.2-1.3%, preferably 0.2-1%, preferably 0.2-0.56%.

The preferred lower limit of the total content of the compound represented by the general formula (P) is 0.01%, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, and 0.3% relative to the composition containing the compound represented by the general formula (P) of the present invention.

The preferred upper limit of the total content of the compound represented by the general formula (P) is 10%, 8%, 5%, 3%, 1.5%, 1.2%, 1%, 0.8%, and 0.5% relative to the composition containing the compound represented by the general formula (P) of the present invention.

If the content is too low, the effect of adding the compound represented by the general formula (P) will be difficult to show, and the alignment control of the liquid crystal composition will be weak, or the alignment control will weaken over time. If the content is too high, the amount remaining after curing will increase, the curing will take time, and the reliability of the liquid crystal will decrease. Therefore, the content is set in consideration of the balance between the above.

The compound represented by the general formula (P) is preferably a compound represented by the general formula (P-1), the general formula (P-2), the general formula (P-3), and the general formula (P-4).

P ^p31 -Sp ^p31 -A ^p32 -Sp ^p32 -P ^p32 (P-3)

烷-2,5-二基，A^p11、A^p12、A^p13、A^p21、A^p22、A^p23、A^p32及A^p42各自獨立地未經取代或可被碳原子數1~12之烷基、碳原子數1~12之鹵化烷基、碳原子數1~12之烷氧基、碳原子數1~12之鹵化烷氧基、鹵素原子、氰基、硝基或通式(P)中之-Sp^p2-P^p2取代，A^p41表示與通式(P)之A^p1相同的意義，A^p43表示與通式(P)中之A^p3相同的意義，Z^p21、Z^p22、Z^p41及Z^p42表示單鍵、-O-、-S-、-CH₂-、-OCH₂-、 -CH₂O-、-CO-、-C₂H₄-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOOCH₂-、-CH₂OCOO-、-OCH₂CH₂O-、-CO-NR^ZP1-、-NR^ZP1-CO-、-SCH₂-、-CH₂S-、-CH=CR^ZP1-COO-、-CH=CR^ZP1-OCO-、-COO-CR^ZP1=CH-、-OCO-CR^ZP1=CH-、-COO-CR^ZP1=CH-COO-、-COO-CR^ZP1=CH-OCO-、-OCO-CR^ZP1=CH-COO-、-OCO-CR^ZP1=CH-OCO-、-(CH₂)_z-COO-、-(CH₂)₂-OCO-、-OCO-(CH₂)₂-、-(C=O)-O-(CH₂)₂-、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-CF=CH-、-CH=CF-、-CF₂-、-CF₂O-、-OCF₂-、-CF₂CH₂-、-CH₂CF₂-、-CF₂CF₂-或-C≡C-(式中，R^ZP1各自獨立地表示氫原子或碳原子數1~4之烷基，於分子內存在複數個R^ZP1之情形時，其等可相同或亦可不同)，但分子內所存在之Z^p21及Z^p22之至少一者表示單鍵以外) (wherein, P ^p11 , P ^p12 , P ^p21 , P ^p22 , P ^p31 , P ^p32 , P ^p41 and P ^p42 each independently represent the same meaning as P ^p1 in the general formula (P); Sp ^p11 , Sp ^p12 , Sp ^p21 , Sp ^p22 , Sp ^p31 , Sp ^p32 , Sp ^p41 and Sp ^p42 each independently represent the same meaning as Sp ^p1 in the general formula (P); A ^p11 , A ^p12 , A p13 , A ^p21 , A ^p22 , A ^{p23 ,} A ^p32 and A p41 ^p42 each independently represents 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, anthracene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,3-dihydronaphthalene-2,5-diyl.

alkane-2,5-diyl, A ^p11 , A ^p12 , A ^p13 , A ^p21 , A ^p22 , A ^p23 , A ^p32 and A ^p42 are each independently unsubstituted or may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group or -Sp ^p2 -P ^p2 in the general formula (P), A ^p41 has the same meaning as A ^p1 in the general formula (P), A ^p43 has the same meaning as A ^p3 in the general formula (P), Z ^p21 , Z ^p22 , Z ^p41 and Z ^p42 represent a single bond, -O-, -S-, -CH ₂ -, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -CO-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCOOCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ OCOO-, -OCH ₂ CH ₂ O-, -CO-NR ^ZP1 -, -NR ^ZP1 -CO-, -SCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ S-, -CH=CR ^ZP1 -COO-, -COO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-, -OCO-CR ^{ZP1 =CH-, - COO-CR ZP1 =} CH-COO-, -COO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-OCO-, -OCO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-COO-, -OCO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-OCO-, ^- (CH ₂ ) _z -COO-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -OCO-, -OCO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, -(C=O)-O-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ CF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -, or -C≡C- (wherein, R ^ZP1 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and when there are a plurality of R ^ZP1 in the molecule, they may be the same or different), but at least one of Z ^p21 and Z ^p22 in the molecule represents other than a single bond)

^Pp11 , ^Pp12 , ^Pp21 , ^Pp22 , ^Pp31 , ^Pp32 , ^Pp41 and ^Pp42 are preferably each independently any one of the formulas ( ^Pp1-1 ) to ( ^Pp1-3 ) like ^Pp1 in the general formula (P), preferably ( ^Pp1-1 ), and ^Rp11 and ^Rp12 are preferably each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

Sp ^p11 , Sp ^p12 , Sp ^p21 , Sp ^p22 , Sp ^p31 , Sp ^p32 , Sp ^p41 and Sp ^p42 each independently represent a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. The -CH ₂ - in the alkylene group may be substituted by -O-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH- or -C≡C- as long as the oxygen atoms are not directly bonded to each other. The hydrogen atom in the alkylene group may be substituted by a halogen atom. Preferably, it is a straight chain alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a single bond.

^Ap11 , ^Ap12 , ^Ap13 , ^Ap21 , ^Ap22 , ^Ap23 , ^Ap32 and ^Ap42 are preferably independently 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, anthracene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl or naphthalene-2,6-diyl, and are preferably 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl or naphthalene-2,6-diyl. In general formulas (P-1) and (P-2), they are preferably independently 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene. In order to improve the compatibility with the liquid crystal compound, one or more hydrogen atoms in the structure may be substituted by methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy or fluorine atoms. In the general formula (P-3), phenanthrene-2,7-diyl is preferred. To improve the compatibility with the liquid crystal compound, one or more hydrogen atoms in the structure may be substituted by methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy or fluorine atoms.

^Zp21 is preferably a single bond, _-OCH2- , _-CH2O- , -CO-, -C2H4-, -COO-, _-OCO- , -COOC2H4-, -OCOC2H4-, -C2H4OCO-, -C2H4COO-, _-CH = _{CH-, -CF2-, -CF2O-, -(CH2)2-COO-, -(CH2)2 - OCO- , -OCO- ( CH2 ) 2- , -CH =} CH-COO-, _-COO - _{CH =} CH-, -OCOCH=CH-, -COO-( _CH2 ) _2- , _-OCF2- or -C≡C-, preferably _{a single} bond, _-OCH2- , _-CH2O- , _-C2H4 -, -COO-, -OCO-, -COOC ₂ H ₄ -, -OCOC ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₂ H ₄ OCO-, -C ₂ H ₄ COO-, -CH=CH-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -COO-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -OCO-, -OCO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, -CH=CH-COO-, -COO-CH=CH-, -OCOCH=CH-, -COO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, or -C≡C-; preferably, only one of the following is present in the molecule: -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -COOC ₂ H ₄ -, -OCOC ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₂ H ₄ OCO-, -C ₂ H ₄ COO-, -CH=CH-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -COO-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -OCO-, -OCO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, -CH=CH-COO-, -COO-CH=CH-, -OCOCH=CH-, -COO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, or -C≡C-, and all the others are single bonds. Preferably, only one of -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -COO-, or -OCO- exists in the molecule, and all the others are single bonds. More preferably, all are single bonds.

Furthermore, it is preferred that only one of the Z ^{p21 groups} present in the molecule is a linking group selected from the group consisting of -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -COO-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -OCO-, -O-CO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, and -COO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, and the others are single bonds.

As preferred examples of the compound represented by the general formula (P-1) of the present invention, the polymerizable compounds represented by the following formulas (P-1-1) to (P-1-46) can be cited.

(In the formula, P ^p11 , P ^p12 , Sp ^p11 and Sp ^p12 have the same meanings as P ^p11 , P ^p12 , Sp ^p11 and Sp ^p12 in the general formula (P-1))

As preferred examples of the compound represented by the general formula (P-2) of the present invention, the polymerizable compounds represented by the following formulas (P-2-1) to (P-2-12) can be cited.

(In the formula, P ^p21 , P ^p22 , Sp ^p21 and Sp ^p22 have the same meanings as P ^p21 , P ^p22 , Sp ^p21 and Sp ^p22 in the general formula (P-2))

As preferred examples of the compound represented by the general formula (P-3) of the present invention, the polymerizable compounds represented by the following formulas (P-3-1) to (P-3-15) can be cited.

(wherein, P ^p31 , P ^p32 , Sp ^p31 and Sp ^p32 have the same meanings as P ^p31 , P ^p32 , Sp ^p31 and Sp ^p32 in the general formula (P-3))

As preferred examples of the compound represented by the general formula (P-4) of the present invention, the polymerizable compounds represented by the following formulas (P-4-1) to (P-4-15) can be cited.

(wherein, P ^p41 , P ^p42 , Sp ^p41 and Sp ^p42 have the same meanings as P ^p41 , P ^p42 , Sp ^p41 and Sp ^p42 in the general formula (P-4))

In order to further impart vertical alignment, the composition of the present invention preferably contains a self-aligning compound. A self-aligning compound is a compound that "controls the alignment of a liquid crystal composition without using a conventional liquid crystal alignment film such as polyimide on one or both sides of the substrate."

Self-aligning compounds are mainly used to be added to liquid crystal compositions and have the following functions: interacting with components (electrodes (e.g., ITO), substrates (e.g., glass substrates, acrylic substrates, transparent substrates, flexible substrates, etc.), resin layers (e.g., color filters, alignment films, protective layers, etc.), insulating films (e.g., inorganic material films, SiNx, etc.)) that are directly in contact with the liquid crystal layer containing the liquid crystal composition, and inducing vertical arrangement or homogeneous arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer. Compounds that can align the liquid crystal composition vertically or approximately vertically to the substrate are particularly preferred.

The self-aligning compound preferably has: a polymerizable group for polymerization, a mesogen group similar to a liquid crystal molecule, an adsorption group that can interact with a component that directly contacts the liquid crystal layer, and a flexible group that induces the alignment of liquid crystal molecules.

The self-aligning compound is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (SAL).

(In the above formula, ^Pal represents a group represented by general formula (PI) to general formula (P-IX),

(wherein, R ^p11 and R ^p12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, W ^p11 represents a single bond, -O-, -COO- or a methylene group, and t ^p11 represents 0, 1 or 2)

Sp ^al represents a single bond or linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ - in the alkylene group may be independently substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, T represents an adsorbing group, MG represents a mesogen group, Cg represents a hydrogen atom, the above-mentioned adsorbing group, the above-mentioned -Sp ^al -P ^al or a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ - in the alkylene group may be independently substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-, any of Cg, MG and T may be substituted by the above-mentioned polymerizable group -Sp ^al -P ^al -, n ^sal1 , n ^sal2 and n ^sal3 each independently represent a natural number from 1 to 5)

The polymerizable group of the present invention is a group represented by ^Pal , which is directly bonded to other structures or, if necessary, via a spacer group. The polymerizable group is preferably represented by ^Pal - ^Spal- .

^Pal is preferably a group selected from the group represented by the following general formula (PI) to general formula (P-IX).

(wherein, R ^p11 and R ^p12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, W ^p11 represents a single bond, -O-, -COO- or a methylene group, and t ^p11 represents 0, 1 or 2)

The above-mentioned ^Pa1 is preferably a group selected from the group represented by the following general formula (PI) to general formula (P-IX), and is preferably general formula (PI).

In the self-aligning compound of the present invention, ^Pal - ^Spal- can also be bonded to the mesogen group, the adsorption group and/or the flexible group.

Furthermore, in the self-aligning compound of the present invention, the polymerizable group is preferably bonded to the liquid crystal original group, the adsorption group or the flexible group directly or via a spacer group, and is more preferably bonded to the liquid crystal original group or the adsorption group directly or via a spacer group.

The spacer (Sp ^al ) is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in a single bond, a linear chain or a branched chain, more preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in a single bond, a linear chain or a branched chain, and even more preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in a single bond, a linear chain or a branched chain. In addition, in the spacer (Sp ^al ), one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ - in the alkylene group may be independently substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-.

In the self-aligning compound of the present invention, the number of polymerizable groups (P ^al -Sp ^al -) is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 4, further preferably 2 to 4, further preferably 2 or 3, and further preferably 2.

The hydrogen atom in ^Pal - ^Spal- may also be substituted by a polymerizable group, an adsorbent group and/or a flexible group.

The liquid crystal original base of the present invention refers to a base with a rigid part, such as one or more cyclic groups, preferably 2 to 4 cyclic groups, and more preferably 3 to 4 cyclic groups. If necessary, the cyclic groups can also be linked by linking groups. The liquid crystal original base is preferably a skeleton similar to the liquid crystal compound used in the liquid crystal layer.

Furthermore, the "cyclic group" in this specification refers to an atomic group formed by atomic bonds to form a ring, including carbon ring, heterocyclic ring, saturated or unsaturated cyclic structure, monocyclic ring, bicyclic structure, polycyclic structure, aromatic, non-aromatic, etc. In addition, the cyclic group may also contain at least one heteroatom, and may also be substituted by at least one substituent (halogen atom, reactive functional group, organic group (alkyl, aryl, etc.)). When the cyclic group is a monocyclic ring, the liquid crystal original group preferably contains more than two monocyclic rings.

The above-mentioned liquid crystal base is preferably represented by the general formula (AL).

(In the formula, Z ^AL represents a single bond, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C-, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCOO-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CH=CHCOO-, -OCOCH=CH-, -CH ₂ -CH ₂ COO-, -OCOCH ₂ -CH ₂ -, -CH=C(CH ₃ )COO-, -OCOC(CH ₃ )=CH-, -CH ₂ -CH(CH ₃ )COO-, -OCOCH(CH ₃ )-CH ₂ -, -OCH ₂ CH ₂ O-, or an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, in which one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ - groups in the alkylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, or -OCO-, A ^AL represents a divalent cyclic group, Z ^AL and A One or more hydrogen atoms in ^AL may be independently substituted by a halogen atom, an adsorbing group, P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 - or a monovalent organic group. When there are plural Z ^AL and A ^AL , they may be the same or different from each other. m ^AL represents an integer of 1 to 5. The * on the left and the * on the right in the above formula represent bonds.)

In the general formula (AL), Z ^AL is preferably a single bond or an alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably a single bond or an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. One or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ - in the alkylene group may be substituted by -O-, -COO- or -OCO-. Furthermore, when the linearity of a rod-shaped molecule is desired, a single bond in which the rings are directly connected to each other or a form in which the number of atoms directly connecting the rings is an even number is preferred. For example, in the case of -CH ₂ -CH ₂ COO-, the number of atoms directly connecting the rings is 4.

烷-2,5-二基、四氫噻喃(tetrahydrothiopyran)-2,5-二基、噻吩-2,5-二基、1,4-雙環(2,2,2)伸辛基、十氫萘-2,6-二基、吡啶-2,5-二基、嘧啶-2,5-二基、吡□-2,5-二基、噻吩-2,5-二基、1,2,3,4-四氫萘-2,6-二基、2,6-伸萘基、菲-2,7-二基、9,10-二氫菲-2,7-二基、1,2,3,4,4a,9,10a-八氫菲-2,7-二基、1,4-伸萘基、苯并[1,2-b：4,5-b‘]二噻吩-2,6-二基、苯并[1,2- b：4,5-b‘]二硒吩-2,6-二基、[1]苯并噻吩并(benzothieno)[3,2-b]噻吩-2,7-二基、[1]苯并硒吩并(benzoselenopheno)[3,2-b]硒吩-2,7-二基及茀-2,7-二基組成之群中的1種構造，此等構造可未經取代或經取代，更佳為1,4-伸苯基、1,4-伸環己基、2,6-伸萘基或菲-2,7-二基，較佳為1,4-伸苯基或1,4-伸環己基。又，環式基中之1個或2個以上的氫原子亦可被鹵素原子、吸附基、P^a1-Sp^a1-或1價有機基取代。 In the general formula (AL), the cyclic group is preferably selected from 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dihydropyran-2,5-diyl,

alkane-2,5-diyl, tetrahydrothiopyran-2,5-diyl, thiophene-2,5-diyl, 1,4-bicyclo(2,2,2)octylene, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, pyridine-2,5-diyl, thiophene-2,5-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 2,6-naphthylene, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diyl, 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-2,7-diyl, 1,4-naphthylene, benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl, benzo[1,2- b: a structure selected from the group consisting of [4,5-b'] diselenophene-2,6-diyl, [1] benzothieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,7-diyl, [1] benzoselenopheno[3,2-b]selenophene-2,7-diyl and fluorene-2,7-diyl. These structures may be unsubstituted or substituted, and are more preferably 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 2,6-naphthylene or phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, and more preferably 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-cyclohexylene. In addition, one or more hydrogen atoms in the cyclic group may be substituted by a halogen atom, an adsorbing group, P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 - or a monovalent organic group.

In the general formula (AL), the monovalent organic group is a group that forms a chemical structure by an organic compound in the form of a monovalent group, and refers to an atomic group formed by removing one hydrogen atom from an organic compound, and examples thereof include: an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms, an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, etc., preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms. In addition, one or two or more non-adjacent _-CH2- in the above-mentioned alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkoxy group, and alkenyloxy group may be substituted by -O-, -COO-, or -OCO-. In addition, the above-mentioned monovalent organic group may also function as a flexible group described later.

In the above general formula (AL), m ^AL is preferably an integer of 2 to 4.

Among the above-mentioned liquid crystal bases, the most preferred form is represented by the following general formula (AL-1) or (AL-2), and the most preferred form is formula (AL-1).

(In the above formula, ^Xal1 to ^Xal18 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, ^Pa1 - ^Spal- , an adsorbing group or a flexible group, Ring A and Ring B each independently represent a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring, any one or more of ^Xal1 to ^Xal18 are substituted with the above-mentioned adsorbing group, any one or more of ^Xal1 to ^Xal18 are substituted with the above-mentioned flexible group, the above-mentioned adsorbing group and the above-mentioned flexible group may also be substituted with the above-mentioned ^Pa1 - ^Spal- , and the general formula (AL-1) or the general formula (AL-2) each has one or more of the above-mentioned ^Pa1 - ^Spal- )

In the above formula (AL-1), it is preferred that at least one or two or more of X ^a11 or X ^a18 to X ^a112 are substituted with an adsorbing group, and it is more preferred that at least one or two or more of X ^a11 or X ^a110 are substituted with an adsorbing group. In this case, the above adsorbing group may also be substituted with ^Pa1 -Sp ^a1- . In particular, when ring A is a cyclohexane ring, it is preferred that X ^a110 is substituted with an adsorbing group.

In the above formula (AL-1), it is preferred that at least one or two or more of X ^a16 to X ^a114 are substituted with a polymerizable group, and it is more preferred that either X ^a19 or X ^a112 is substituted with ^Pa1 -Sp ^a1- .

In the above formula (AL-1), it is preferred that at least one or two or more of X ^a11 to X ^a13 , X ^a6 to X ^a114 , X ^a117 to X ^a118 are substituted with a flexible group, and it is preferred that at least one or two or more of X ^a11 to X ^a13 , X ^a6 to X ^a19 , X ^a111 to X ^a114 or X ^a117 to X ^a118 are substituted with a flexible group. It is more preferred that X ^a11 is substituted with a flexible group, and any one of X ^a6 to X ^a19 or X ^a111 to X ^a114 is substituted with a flexible group. In this case, it is further preferred that the flexible group in the former X ^a11 has more carbon atoms than the latter flexible group. The flexible group may also be substituted with ^Pa1 -Sp ^a1- .

In the above formula (AL-2), it is preferred that at least one or two or more of ^Xa11 or ^Xa16 to ^Xa110 are substituted with an adsorbing group, and it is more preferred that ^Xa11 or ^Xa18 is substituted with an adsorbing group. In this case, the adsorbing group may also be substituted with ^Pa1 - ^Spa1- . In particular, when ring A is a cyclohexane ring, it is preferred that ^Xa18 is substituted with an adsorbing group.

In the above formula (AL-2), it is preferred that any one or two or more of ^Xal6 to ^Xal10 are substituted with ^Pa1 - ^Spal- , and it is more preferred that any one of ^Xal7 and ^Xal9 is substituted with ^Pa1 - ^Spal- .

In the above formula (AL-2), it is preferred that at least one or two or more of X ^a16 to X ^a110 are substituted with P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -, and it is more preferred that either X ^a17 or X ^a14 is substituted with P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -.

In the above formula (AL-2), it is preferred that at least one or more of X ^a11 to X ^a17 or X ^a9 to X ^a114 are substituted with a flexible group, and it is preferred that at least one or more of X ^a11 , X ^a4 to X ^a17 or X ^a19 to X ^a112 are substituted with a flexible group. It is more preferred that X ^a11 is substituted with a flexible group, and any one of X ^a14 to X ^a17 or X ^a19 to X ^a112 is substituted with a flexible group. In this case, it is further preferred that the flexible group in the former X ^a11 has more carbon atoms than the latter flexible group. The flexible group may also be substituted with ^Pa1 -Sp ^a1- .

As the preferred form of the above-mentioned liquid crystal base, the following formulas (AL-1-1) to (AL-2-3) can be listed. The general formula (AL) is a structure formed by the detachment of two hydrogen atoms in the structure.

烷環中之一個或兩個以上之氫原子亦可被鹵素原子、P^a1-Sp^a1-、1價之有機基(例如，碳原子數1~15之烷基、碳原子數1~14之烷氧基)、吸附基或彎曲基取代。 The cyclohexyl ring, benzene ring, pyran ring or dicyclohexyl ring in the general formula (AL-1-1) to (AL-2-3)

One or more hydrogen atoms in the alkyl ring may be substituted by a halogen atom, ^Pa1 - ^Spa1- , a monovalent organic group (for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms), an adsorbing group or a flexural group.

The preferred form of the above-mentioned liquid crystal base is the structure represented by the general formula (AL-1-1), the general formula (AL-1-4), the general formula (AL-1-7), the general formula (AL-2-1) or the general formula (AL-2-3), the structure represented by the general formula (AL-1-4), the general formula (AL-1-7) or the general formula (AL-2-3), the structure represented by the general formula (AL-1-4) or the general formula (AL-1-7).

The adsorption base of the present invention is a base having the function of adsorbing to an adsorption medium such as a substrate, a membrane, an electrode, etc. Adsorption is generally divided into chemical adsorption that forms a chemical bond (covalent bond, ionic bond or metal bond) and adsorbs between the adsorption medium and the adsorbate, or physical adsorption other than the chemical adsorption. The adsorption in this specification can be either chemical adsorption or physical adsorption, and it is preferably adsorbed to the adsorption medium by physical adsorption. Therefore, the adsorption base of the present invention is preferably a base that can be physically adsorbed to the adsorption medium, and the adsorption base is more preferably combined with the adsorption medium by intermolecular forces. As a form of combining with the adsorption medium by the intermolecular force, it can be combined with the adsorption medium by interactions such as permanent dipole, permanent quadrupole, dispersion force, charge transfer force or hydrogen bond. As a preferred form of the adsorbent of the present invention, one that can be bonded to the adsorbent medium via a hydrogen bond can be cited. In this case, the adsorbent of the present invention can be a donor or acceptor of protons via a hydrogen bond, or both.

The adsorption group of the present invention is preferably a group containing a polar element, and the polar element has an atomic group in which a carbon atom and a heteroatom are linked. The polar element referred to in this specification refers to an atomic group in which a carbon atom and a heteroatom are directly linked. As the above-mentioned heteroatom, it is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of N, O, S, P, B and Si, preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of N and O, and preferably O.

Furthermore, in the self-aligning compound of the present invention, the valence of the polar element of the present invention is monovalent, divalent, trivalent, etc., and there is no special limitation. Also, the number of polar elements in the adsorption base is not particularly limited.

In the self-aligning compound of the present invention, the above-mentioned adsorption groups preferably have 1 to 8 in one molecule, more preferably 1 to 4, and even more preferably 1 to 3.

In addition, the adsorption group of the present invention does not include ^Pa1 - ^Spa1- and flexible groups.

The adsorbent of the present invention contains one or more polar elements, and the adsorbent can be roughly divided into a cyclic group type and a chain group type. The cyclic group type is a form that contains a cyclic group in its structure, and the cyclic group has a ring structure containing polar elements, while the chain group type is a form that does not contain a cyclic group (has a ring structure containing polar elements) in its structure. The chain group is a form that has a polar element in a straight chain or branched chain group, and may also have a ring structure without polar elements in this part.

The so-called adsorbent of the present invention is a morphology containing a cyclic group, which means a morphology containing at least one polar element in the cyclic atomic arrangement. In addition, the so-called cyclic group in this specification is as described above. Therefore, when the adsorbent of the present invention is a morphology containing a cyclic group, it only needs to contain a cyclic group with a polar element, and the adsorbent can be a branched chain or a straight chain as a whole.

The so-called adsorbent group of the present invention is a chain group, which means the following form: there is no cyclic atomic arrangement containing polar elements in the molecule, and at least one polar element is contained in the linear atomic arrangement (which may also be branched). In addition, the so-called chain group in this specification refers to an atomic group in which there is no cyclic atomic arrangement in the structural formula and the atoms forming it are bonded into a linear (which may also be branched) shape, which refers to a non-cyclic group. In other words, it refers to the following concept: a linear or branched aliphatic group, which may contain either a saturated bond or an unsaturated bond, such as an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, an ester group, an ether group or a ketone group, and may be substituted by at least one substituent (a reactive functional group (vinyl group, acryl group, methacryl group, etc.), a chain organic group (alkyl group, cyano group, etc.). In addition, the chain group of the present invention may be either a linear or branched chain.

The adsorption group of the present invention preferably has a chain group or a cyclic group. When the adsorption capacity is important, a chain group is preferred. From the perspective of the stability of the liquid crystal composition, a cyclic group is preferred.

When the adsorbent group of the present invention is a cyclic group, it is preferably a heteroaromatic group (including a condensed ring) having 3 to 20 carbon atoms or a heteroaliphatic group (including a condensed ring) having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and is more preferably a heteroaromatic group (including a condensed ring) having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or a heteroaliphatic group (including a condensed ring) having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and is further preferably a 5-membered heteroaromatic group, a 5-membered heteroaliphatic group, a 6-membered heteroaromatic group or a 6-membered heteroaliphatic group. The hydrogen atoms in these ring structures may also be replaced by halogen atoms, linear or branched alkyl or alkyloxy groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

When the adsorbent of the present invention is a chain group, it is preferred that the hydrogen atom or -CH ₂ - in a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is substituted with a polar element, and one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ - in the alkyl group may be substituted with -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-. Furthermore, when the adsorbent of the present invention is a chain group, it is preferred that the end contains a polar element or contains two or more polar elements.

The hydrogen atom of the adsorption group of the present invention can also be replaced by a polymerizable group.

Specifically, the type of polar element of the present invention is preferably a partial structure represented by a polar element containing oxygen atoms (hereinafter referred to as oxygen-containing polar element), a polar element containing nitrogen atoms (hereinafter referred to as nitrogen-containing polar element), a polar element containing phosphorus atoms (hereinafter referred to as phosphorus-containing polar element), a polar element containing boron atoms (hereinafter referred to as boron-containing polar element), a polar element containing silicon atoms (hereinafter referred to as silicon-containing polar element) or a polar element containing sulfur atoms (hereinafter referred to as sulfur-containing polar element). From the viewpoint of adsorption capacity, a nitrogen-containing polar element or an oxygen-containing polar element is more preferred, and an oxygen-containing polar element is even more preferred.

The oxygen-containing polar element is preferably at least one group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group (-OH), an alkylol group (-Rt ^{- OH; Rt is an alkylene group), an alkoxy group (-OR; wherein R is an alkylene group), a formyl group (-CHO), a carboxyl group (-COOH), an ether group (-RtORt'- ; wherein Rt} and ^Rt ' are alkylene groups or alkenylene groups), a carbonyl group (-Rt ^- C(=O) ^-Rt'- ; wherein ^Rt and ^Rt' are alkylene groups or alkenylene groups), a carbonate group (-OC(=O)-O-) and an ester group ( ^-COORt'- ; wherein Rt ^' is an alkylene group or alkenylene group), or a group having the group linked to a carbon atom.

The nitrogen-containing polar element is preferably at least one group selected from the group consisting of cyano (-CN), primary amine (-NH ₂ ), secondary amine (-NH-), tertiary amine (-NRR'; wherein R and R' are alkyl groups), pyridyl, carbamoyl (-CONH ₂ ) and urea (-NHCONH ₂ ) or a group having the group bonded to a carbon atom.

The phosphorus-containing polar element is preferably at least one group selected from the group consisting of a phosphinyl group (-CX ₂ -P(=O)H ₂ ) and a phosphoric acid group (-CX ₂ -OP(=O)(OH) ₂ ) or a group in which the group is bonded to a carbon atom.

The boron-containing polar element is preferably a group having a boric acid group (-B(OH) ₂ ) bonded to a carbon atom.

The silicon-containing polar element is preferably a group in which a -Si(OH) ₃ group or a -Si(OR)(OR')(OR") (wherein R, R', and R" are alkyl groups) is linked to a carbon atom.

The sulfur-containing polar element is preferably at least one group selected from the group consisting of a sulfhydryl group (-SH), a sulfhydryl group ( _-S- ), a thiol group (-S(=O)-), a sulfonyl group ( _-SO2- ), a sulfonamide group ( _-SO2NH2 ), a sulfonic acid group ( _-SO3H ) and a sulfinic acid group (-S(=O)OH), or a group in which the group is bonded to a carbon atom.

Therefore, the adsorbent group of the present invention is preferably selected from a group consisting of a cyclic group having an oxygen-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as an oxygen-containing cyclic group), a group consisting of a cyclic group having a nitrogen atom polar element (hereinafter referred to as a nitrogen-containing cyclic group), a group consisting of a cyclic group having a phosphorus-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a phosphorus-containing cyclic group), a group consisting of a cyclic group having a boron-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a boron-containing cyclic group), a group consisting of a cyclic group having a silicon-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a silicon-containing cyclic group), a group consisting of a cyclic group having a sulfur-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a sulfur-containing cyclic group), a chain group having an oxygen-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as an oxygen-containing chain group), a chain group having a phosphorus-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a phosphorus-containing cyclic group), a group consisting of a boron-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a boron-containing cyclic group), a group consisting of a silicon-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a silicon-containing cyclic group), a group consisting of a sulfur-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a sulfur-containing cyclic group), a chain group having an oxygen-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as an oxygen-containing chain group), a chain group having a phosphorus-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a phosphorus-containing cyclic group), a group consisting of ... The base has a nitrogen atom polar element (hereinafter referred to as a nitrogen-containing chain group), a phosphorus-containing chain group, a boron-containing chain group, a silicon-containing chain group, and a sulfur-containing chain group. The base itself or contains one or more of the groups consisting of a chain group having a nitrogen atom polar element (hereinafter referred to as a nitrogen-containing chain group), a chain group having a phosphorus-containing chain group (hereinafter referred to as a phosphorus-containing chain group), a chain group having a boron-containing chain group (hereinafter referred to as a boron-containing chain group), a chain group having a silicon-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a silicon-containing chain group), and a chain group having a sulfur-containing polar element (hereinafter referred to as a sulfur-containing chain group). From the viewpoint of adsorption capacity, it is more preferable to contain one or more of the groups consisting of oxygen-containing cyclic groups, sulfur-containing cyclic groups, oxygen-containing chain groups, and nitrogen-containing chain groups.

As the adsorption group of the present invention, the group represented by the following general formula (T) is preferred.

(In the above general formula (T), ^Xt1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or _-NH2 ; the hydrogen atom in the above alkyl group may be substituted with a cyano group, ^Pa1 - ^Spa1- , or the _-CH2- in the above alkyl group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, -OCO-, or -CH=CH- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent; ^Rt1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms which may be bonded to ^Zt1 , or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms which may be bonded to ^Zt1 ; Zt1 represents a ^t2 represents a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, wherein _-CH2- of the alkylene group or the alkenylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, or -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the alkylene group or the alkenylene group; ^Zt1 represents a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, wherein _-CH2- of the alkylene group or the alkenylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, or -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the alkylene group or the alkenylene group; and when ^Xt1 is a ^-Zt2 - ^ORat group, and R When ^at is an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, the hydrogen atom of Z ^t1 may be substituted to bond with R ^t1 , W ^t0 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the -CH ₂ - of the alkylene group may be substituted with -O-, -CH=CH-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, or -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the group, and the hydrogen atom of the above alkylene group may be substituted with the general formula (T), W ^t1 represents a single bond or a linear or branched alkylene group, and the -CH ₂ - of the alkylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, or -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the group, n ^t1 represents an integer of 0 to 4, and the hydrogen atom in the molecule may be substituted with the above polymerizable groups P ^a1 to Sp ^a1 -, * indicates a bond, which is bonded to a mesogen group, a polymerizable group, a flexible group or a spacer group)

In the above general formula (T), preferably ^Xt1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, _-NH2 or ^-Zt2 - ^ORt1 group, the hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be substituted with a cyano group or ^Pa1 - ^Spa1- , the above ^Rt1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms which may be bonded to Zt1, or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms which may be bonded to ^Zt1 , and the above ^Zt1 represents a ^t2 represents a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms. The -CH ₂ - of the alkylene group or alkenylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, or -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the -CH 2 - group.

In the above general formula (T), as a form in which the adsorbent group (general formula (T)) can be substituted by the adsorbent group (general formula (T)), the above general formula (T) can be represented by the following general formula (t).

(In the above general formula (t), ^Xt1 , ^Zt1 , ^Wt1 and ^nt1 are the same as the symbols in the above general formula (T), ^Wt2 represents a single bond or a divalent to tetravalent organic group, ^mt1 represents an integer from 1 to 3, the hydrogen atom in the molecule can also be replaced by the above-mentioned polymerizable group P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -, and * represents a bond, which is bonded to the mesogen group, polymerizable group, flexible group or spacer group)

"-W ^t2 -Any" in the above general formula (t) means: W ^t2 represents a single bond to a polyvalent group, and the bonding bond is monovalent to polyvalent (Any).

In the above general formula (t), the so-called 2-4-valent organic group refers to an atomic group formed by removing 2-4 hydrogen atoms from an organic compound, which is a base constituting a chemical structure by converting the organic compound into a 2-4-valent group.

In the above general formula (t), -W ^t2 -Any which is a divalent to tetravalent organic group is preferably a chain organic group, for example, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (-CH ₂ - of the alkylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the group), a linear or branched polyvalent alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (-CH ₂ - of the alkylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the group), -PH-, -POH-, -NH-, a nitrogen atom or a phosphorus atom, etc. The alkylene multivalent group refers to a trivalent or tetravalent group generated by further removing 1 to 2 hydrogen atoms from an alkylene group, and refers to a trivalent or tetravalent group having free atomic valences in the so-called hydrocarbon chain.

The base represented by the above general formula (t) is a preferred embodiment of W ^t0 in the general formula (T), that is, an embodiment in which the adsorbing group (general formula (T)) can also be substituted by the adsorbing group (general formula (T)). As a preferred embodiment of the base represented by the above general formula (t), for example, when W ^t2 is a trivalent organic group, that is, m ^t1' is 2, and W ^t2 is a nitrogen atom or a polyvalent alkylene group, for example, the following general formulas (ta) or (tb) can be listed.

(In the above formulae (ta) and (tb), R ^tc is represented by a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a polymerizable group ^Pa1 -Sp ^a1- , Z ^t1 and Z ^t1' each independently represent the same meaning as Z ^t1 in the general formula (T), X ^t1 and X ^t1' each independently represent the same meaning as Z ^t1 in the general formula (T), W ^t1 represents the same meaning as W ^t1 in the general formula (T), n ^t1 and n ^t1' each independently represent the same meaning as n ^t1 in the general formula (T), the hydrogen atom in the molecule may also be substituted by the above polymerizable group ^Pa1 -Sp ^a1- , and * represents a bond, which is bonded to a mesogen group, a polymerizable group, a flexible group or a spacer group)

In the general formula (t), for example, when -W ^t2 -Any is a tetravalent organic group, that is, m ^t1' is 3, and -W ^t2 -Any is a polyvalent alkylene group, for example, the following general formula (tc) can be cited.

(In the above formula (tc), Z ^t1 , Z ^t1′ and Z ^t1″ each independently represent the same meaning as Z ^t1 in the general formula (T), X ^t1 , X ^t1′ and X ^t1″ each independently represent the same meaning as X ^t1 in the general formula (T), W ^t1 represents the same meaning as W ^t1 in the general formula (T), n ^t1 , n ^t1′ and n ^t1″ each independently represent the same meaning as n ^t1 in the general formula (T), the hydrogen atom in the molecule may also be substituted by the above-mentioned polymerizable group ^Pa1 - ^{Sp a1-} , and * represents a bond, which is bonded to a mesogen group, a polymerizable group, a flexible group or a spacer group)

In the above general formula (t), m ^t1' is preferably 1 or 2, and m ^t1' is more preferably 1. Among the forms represented by the above general formula (ta), general formula (tb), and general formula (tc), the form represented by the above general formula (ta) is preferred.

In the above general formula (t), -W ^t2 -Any is preferably a single bond or a divalent to trivalent organic group, more preferably a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (-CH ₂ - of the alkylene group may be substituted with -O- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the group), a linear or branched alkanetriyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (-CH ₂ - of the alkanetriyl group may be substituted with -O- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the group), or a linear or branched alkyl-subunit group (-CH ₂ - of the alkyl-subunit may be substituted with -O- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the group). For example, the following groups can be listed.

(In the above formula, R ^tc represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a polymerizable group (P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -), n ^t0 represents an integer of 1 to 7, and * represents a bond) Furthermore, the hydrogen atom of W ^t2 may be substituted with a polymerizable group (P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -).

In the above general formula (t), m ^t1 preferably represents 1 or 2.

In the above general formula (T) or general formula (t), W ^t1 preferably represents a single bond, linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (representing a single bond, linear or branched alkylene group, -CH ₂ - of the alkylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, or -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the alkylene group), and more preferably represents a single bond, linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (representing a single bond, linear or branched alkylene group, -CH ₂ - of the alkylene group may be substituted with -O- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the alkylene group). In addition, W ^t1 may be substituted and bonded to a hydrogen atom of a mesogen group, a polymerizable group or a flexible group.

In the above general formula (T) or general formula (t), both X ^t1 and Z ^t1 are not bonded to each other (chain group) and X ^t1 and Z ^t1 are bonded to each other to form a ring (cyclic group).

In the case of the former form, preferably, it is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms substituted by -NH ₂ , -Z ^t2 -OR ^t1 or cyano. More preferably, it is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms substituted by -Z ^t2 -OR ^t1 or cyano. In the case of the former form, the above R ^t1 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and the above Z ^t2 is preferably a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms (the -CH ₂ - of the alkylene group or the alkenylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, or -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent).

In the case of the latter form, it is preferred that n ^t1 is 1 or more, X ^t1 is -Z ^t2 -OR ^t1 , R ^t1 is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, and the hydrogen atom of Z ^t1 is substituted and bonded to R ^t1 . For example, it is preferably represented by the following general formula (T').

(In the above general formula (T'), R ^t1' independently represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, Z ^t2' independently represents a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein -CH ₂ - of the alkylene group or the alkenylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, or -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the -CH 2 - group. ^t1' represents a linear or branched alkylene trivalent group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a linear or branched alkenylene trivalent group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, wherein _-CH2- of the alkylene trivalent group or alkenylene trivalent group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)- or OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the group, ^Wt2 represents a single bond or a divalent to tetravalent organic group, ^-Wt1- represents a single bond or a linear or branched alkylene trivalent group, wherein _-CH2- of the alkylene trivalent group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)- or -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the group, ^nt1' represents an integer of 1 to 4, m ^t1' represents an integer greater than 1 and less than 3, the hydrogen atom in the molecule may also be replaced by the above-mentioned polymerizable group ^Pa1 - ^Spa1- , * represents a bond, and is bonded to the mesogen group, polymerizable group, flexible group or spacer group)

The trivalent alkylene group refers to a trivalent group generated by further removing one hydrogen atom from an alkylene group. The trivalent alkenylene group refers to a trivalent group generated by further removing one hydrogen atom from an alkenylene group, including trivalent groups with free atomic valences in the hydrocarbon chain, such as alkanetriyl or alkyl-ene.

In the above general formula (T), when ^Xt1 is not bonded to ^Zt1 (chain group), ^Zt1 represents a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and the _-CH2- of the alkylene group may be substituted with -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, or -OCO-.

In the above general formula (T), when X ^t1 is in the form of bonding with Z ^t1 (cyclic group), the above general formula (T') is the same.

In the above general formula (T), n ^t1 preferably represents an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 3, and n ^t1 more preferably represents an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2.

The above general formula (T) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of cyclic groups represented by general formulas (T-1-1) to (T-4-1) and chain groups represented by general formulas (T-5-1) to (T-6-1). When the adsorption group represented by general formula (T) of the present invention is selected as a cyclic group, general formula (T-1-1) or general formula (T-2-1) is preferred from the perspective of adsorption ability and compatibility with liquid crystal compositions. When the adsorption group represented by general formula (T) of the present invention is selected as a chain group, general formula (T-5-1) or general formula (T-6-1) is preferred from the perspective of adsorption ability and stability with liquid crystal compositions.

(wherein, ^Xta and ^Xtb each independently represent -O-, -S- or _-CH2- , ^Rt5 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyanoalkyl group or a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, at least two or more _-CH2- in such alkyl groups may be substituted with -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O- or -NH- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent, ^Zt3 represents a single bond, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a linear or branched alkenylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, the _-CH2 of the alkylene or alkenylene group - can also be substituted by -O-, -COO-, -C(=O)-, -OCO- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent, W ^t2 represents a single bond or a monovalent to tetravalent organic group, W ^t1 represents a single bond or a linear or branched alkylene group, n ^t1 represents an integer of 0 to 4, m ^t1 represents an integer of 1 to 3, and the hydrogen atom in the molecule can also be substituted by the above-mentioned polymerizable groups P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -, * represents a bond, and is bonded to a mesogen group, a polymerizable group, a flexible group or a spacer group)

In the above general formulae (T-1-1) to (T-4-1), it is preferred that either X ^ta or X ^tb is -O-, and it is more preferred that both X ^ta and X ^tb are -O-.

As specific examples of the above general formulas (T-1-1) to (T-4-1), the following groups can be cited.

(In the above formula, R ^tc is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or a polymerizable group P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -. The hydrogen atom in the molecule can also be replaced by the above polymerizable group P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -. * represents a bond, which is bonded to the mesogen group, polymerizable group, flexible group or spacer group)

The above general formula (T-5-1) preferably represents the general formula (T-5-2).

(In the above general formula (T-5-2), ^Wt1 represents the same meaning as ^Wt1 in the above general formula (T-5), ^Rt52 and ^Rt53 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group or a cyanoalkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, at least two or more _-CH2- in these alkyl groups may be substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O- or -NH- in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the oxygen atom, ^Rtc represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or a polymerizable group P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -, ^nt1 , ^nt2 and ^nt3 each independently represent 0 or 1, and the hydrogen atom in the molecule may be substituted by P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -)

As specific examples of the above general formula (T-5-1), the following groups can be cited.

(In the above formula, R ^tc is represented by a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a polymerizable group ^Pa1 -Sp ^a1- . The hydrogen atom in the molecule can also be replaced by the above polymerizable group ^Pa1 - ^{Sp a1-} . * represents a bond, which is bonded to a mesogen group, a polymerizable group, a flexible group, or a spacer group)

(In the above formula, R ^tc is represented by a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a polymerizable group ^Pa1 -Sp ^a1- . The hydrogen atom in the molecule can also be replaced by the above polymerizable group ^Pa1 - ^{Sp a1-} ) (* represents a bond, which is bonded to a mesogen group, a polymerizable group, a flexible group, or a spacer group)

As specific examples of the above general formula (T-6-1), the following examples can be cited.

(In the above formula, R ^tc is represented by a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a polymerizable group ^Pa1 -Sp ^a1- . The hydrogen atom in the molecule can also be replaced by the above polymerizable group ^Pa1 - ^{Sp a1-} . * represents a bond, which is bonded to a mesogen group, a polymerizable group, a flexible group, or a spacer group)

In the self-aligning compound of the present invention, it is preferred to have a localized polar element contained in the adsorbent group or the polar element contained in the polymerizable group. The adsorbent group is an important structure for vertically aligning the liquid crystal composition. By the adsorbent group and the polymerizable group being adjacent, a better alignment can be obtained, and good solubility in the liquid crystal composition is exhibited. Specifically, it is preferred to have a polymerizable group and an adsorbent group on the same ring of the liquid crystal original group. In this case, it includes "a form in which one or more polymerizable groups and one or more adsorbent groups are each bonded to the same ring" and "a form in which at least one of the one or more polymerizable groups or at least one of the one or more adsorbent groups is bonded to the other, and a polymerizable group and an adsorbent group are on the same ring". Furthermore, in this case, the hydrogen atom of the spacer group of the polymerizable group may also be replaced by the adsorbing group, and also includes the form in which the hydrogen atom of the molecule of the adsorbing group is replaced by the spacer group of the polymerizable group.

Furthermore, in the self-aligning compound of the present invention, one or more hydrogen atoms of the polymerizable group may be substituted with an adsorbing group. As a preferred embodiment in this case, one or more hydrogen atoms of the polymerizable group ^Pa1 or optionally linked to the polymerizable group ^SPa1 are substituted with an adsorbing group. As a more preferred embodiment, one or more hydrogen atoms of the polymerizable group ( ^Pa1 - ^Spa1- ) are substituted with an adsorbing group represented by the above general formula (T).

For example, the following formulas (T-1-1.1), (T-6-1.1) or (T-5-1.1) can be cited as suitable forms of bonding between the adsorption group and the polymerizable group.

(In the above formula, R ^t11a , R ^t16a , and R ^t151a each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R ^t151b and R ^t151c each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a cyanoalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, ^Xa and ^Xb each independently represent -O-, -S-, or -CH ₂ -, L ^t151a and L ^t151b each independently represent a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a vinylene group, a vinylene group, an isopropenylene group, or an ethylene group, n ^t11c , n ^t151c , n ^t16c , n ^t151d , n t151e , n t151f , and n t151g each independently represent 0 or 1, and n ^t11a , n t11b , n ^t16a , n ^t151d , n t151e , n ^t151f , and n ^t151g each independently represent 0 or ¹ , ^t16b , n ^t151a and n ^t151b each independently represent an integer from 1 to 11, and * represents a bond to the liquid crystal base)

In the above formula (T-1-1.1), either ^Xa or ^Xb is preferably -O-, and ^Xta and ^Xtb are more preferably -O-.

Preferably, in the above formula (T-5-1.1), L ^t151a and L ^t151b are each independently a methylene group, an ethylenic group, a vinylene group, a vinylene group, an isopropenyl group or an ethylene group.

In the above formulas (T-1-1.1), (T-6-1.1) and (T-5-1.1), n ^t11a , n ^t11b , n ^t16a , n ^t16b , n ^t151a and n ^t151b are preferably each independently an integer of 1 to 8, and more preferably an integer of 1 to 5.

The flexible group of the present invention has the function of inducing the alignment of liquid crystal molecules, and preferably represents a linear or branched alkylene group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably represents a linear alkylene group with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably represents a linear alkylene group with 2 to 15 carbon atoms. In addition, one or two or more non-adjacent _-CH2- groups in the alkylene group may be independently substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-.

From the perspective that the self-aligning compound has a so-called amphiphilic property with respect to the liquid crystal layer, the above-mentioned flexible base is preferably bonded to the liquid crystal base.

In the self-aligning compound of the present invention, the number of the above-mentioned flexible bases is preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 4, and even more preferably 1 to 3.

In the above self-aligning compound, polar parts such as adsorption groups or polymerizable groups that are not easy to fuse with the liquid crystal layer and non-polar parts such as liquid crystal original groups or flexible groups that are easy to fuse with the liquid crystal layer are preferably unevenly present in the molecule, and preferably show amphiphilicity to the so-called liquid crystal layer. Therefore, the self-aligning compound of the present invention is preferably the following structure: a flexible group that aligns the liquid crystal molecules is present at one end of the liquid crystal original group, and a polymerizable group and an adsorption group are present at the other end of the liquid crystal original group. It is believed that since the interface free energy becomes high near the interface between the liquid crystal layer and the substrate, the substance having a non-polar part with affinity to the liquid crystal layer and a polar part with low affinity to the liquid crystal layer in one molecule will be arranged on the interface, thereby reducing the interface free energy.

The lower limit of the content of the self-aligning compound in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is preferably 0.02 mass%, preferably 0.03 mass%, preferably 0.04 mass%, preferably 0.05 mass%, preferably 0.06 mass%, preferably 0.07 mass%, preferably 0.08 mass%, preferably 0.09 mass%, preferably 0.1 mass%, preferably 0.12 mass%, preferably 0.15 mass%, preferably 0.16 mass%, preferably 0.17 mass%, preferably 0.18 mass%, preferably 0.19 mass%, preferably 0.20 mass%, preferably 0.21 mass%, preferably 0.22 mass%, preferably 0.23 mass%, preferably 0.24 mass%, preferably 0.25 mass%, preferably 0.26 mass%, preferably 0.27 mass%, preferably 0.28 mass%, preferably 0.29 mass%, preferably 0.30 mass%, preferably 0.31 mass%, preferably 0.32 mass%, preferably 0.33 mass%, preferably 0.34 mass%, preferably 0.35 mass%, preferably 0.36 mass%, preferably 0.37 mass%, preferably 0.38 mass%, preferably 0.39 mass%, preferably 0.40 mass%, preferably 0.41 mass%, preferably 0.42 mass%, preferably 0.43 mass%, preferably 0.44 mass%, preferably 0.45 mass%, preferably 0.46 mass%, preferably 0.47 mass%, preferably 0.48 mass%, preferably 0.49 mass%, preferably 0.50 mass%, preferably 0.51 mass%, preferably 0.52 mass%, preferably 0.53 mass%, preferably 0.54 mass%, preferably 0.55 mass%, preferably 0.56 mass%, preferably 0.57 mass%, preferably 0.58 mass%, preferably 0.59 mass%, preferably 0.17 mass%, preferably 0.2 mass%, preferably 0.22 mass%, preferably 0.25 mass%, preferably 0.27 mass%, preferably 0.3 mass%, preferably 0.32 mass%, preferably 0.35 mass%, preferably 0.37 mass%, preferably 0.4 mass%, preferably 0.42 mass%, preferably 0.45 mass%, preferably 0.5 mass%, preferably 0.55 mass%. The upper limit of the content of the polymerizable compound represented by the general formula (I) in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is preferably 2.5% by mass, preferably 2.3% by mass, preferably 2.1% by mass, preferably 2% by mass, preferably 1.8% by mass, preferably 1.6% by mass, preferably 1.5% by mass, preferably 1% by mass, preferably 0.95% by mass. , preferably 0.9 mass%, preferably 0.85 mass%, preferably 0.8 mass%, preferably 0.75 mass%, preferably 0.7 mass%, preferably 0.65 mass%, preferably 0.6 mass%, preferably 0.55 mass%, preferably 0.5 mass%, preferably 0.45 mass%, preferably 0.4 mass%.

A particularly suitable specific example of the self-aligning compound of the present invention is a compound represented by the following general formula (al-1-1).

(In the above general formula (a1-1-1), ^Ra13 represents a linear alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in which one or more non-adjacent _-CH2- groups may be substituted by -O- or -CH=CH-, ^La15 , ^La16 , ^La17 and ^La18 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogen atom or the above-mentioned ^Pa1 - ^Spa1- , in which one or more non-adjacent _-CH2- groups may be substituted by -O- or -CH=CH-, Ring ^Aal3 represents a 1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group, ^Rala or ^Ralb each independently represents a hydrogen atom or the above-mentioned ^Pa1 - ^Spa1- , at least one of ^Rala or ^Ralb represents the above-mentioned ^Pa1 - ^Spa1- , Z ^a13 represents a single bond, -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ -O- or O-CH ₂ -, R ^a14 represents an adsorption group represented by the above general formula (T), and p ^a13 and p ^a14 each independently represent 0 or 1)

Preferably, in the above general formula (a1-1-1), one of L ^a17 and L ^a18 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

In the above general formula (a1-1-1), R ^ala and R ^alb preferably represent the above-mentioned P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -.

In the above general formula (al-1-1), R ^al4 is preferably the above general formula (T-1-1) to (T-7-1) or formula (T-1-1.1), (T-6-1.1) or (T-5-1.1).

As preferred compounds, the compounds represented by the following formulas (AL-1.1) to (AL-3.6) can be cited.

In order to improve reliability, the composition of the present invention may further contain one or more compounds (Q) as additives. Compound (Q) preferably has the following structure.

(In the formula, R ^Q represents a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and one or more CH ₂ groups in the alkyl group may be substituted by -O-, -CH=CH-, -CO-, -OCO-, -COO-, -C≡C-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ - in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the alkyl group, and the * is bonded to other structures)

R ^Q represents a straight-chain alkyl group or a branched-chain alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH ₂ groups in the alkyl group may be substituted by -O-, -CH=CH-, -CO-, -OCO-, -COO-, -C≡C-, -CF ₂ O-, or -OCF ₂ - in a manner that the oxygen atom is not directly adjacent to the alkyl group. Preferably, the alkyl group is a straight-chain alkyl group, a straight-chain alkoxy group, a straight-chain alkyl group in which one CH ₂ group is substituted by -OCO- or -COO-, a branched alkyl group, a branched alkoxy group, or a branched alkyl group in which one CH ₂ group is substituted by -OCO- or -COO-. More preferably, the alkyl group is a straight-chain alkyl group, a straight-chain alkyl group, a branched alkyl group, a branched alkoxy group, or a branched alkyl group in which one CH ₂ group is substituted by -OCO- or -COO-. A branched alkyl group in which _{the 2} group is substituted by -OCO- or -COO-. ^{M Q} represents a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-phenylene group or a single bond, preferably a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group.

More specifically, compound (Q) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (Q-a) to general formula (Q-d).

In the formula, R ^Q1 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R ^Q2 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R ^Q3 is preferably a linear alkyl group, branched alkyl group, linear alkoxy group or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and L ^Q is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Among the compounds represented by general formula (Qa) to general formula (Qd), compounds represented by general formula (Qc) and general formula (Qd) are more preferred.

In the composition of the present invention, it is preferred to contain 1 or 2 compounds represented by the general formula (Q), more preferably 1 to 5 compounds, and the content thereof is preferably 0.001 to 1%, more preferably 0.001 to 0.1%, and particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.05%.

Furthermore, as antioxidants or light stabilizers that can be used in the present invention, specifically, the compounds represented by the following (Q-1) to (Q-44) are preferred.

(In the formula, n represents an integer from 0 to 20)

(Liquid crystal display element)

The liquid crystal composition of this embodiment is applied to a liquid crystal display element. Below, an example of a liquid crystal display element of this embodiment is described while appropriately referring to Figures 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of a liquid crystal display element. In FIG. 1 , for the convenience of explanation, each component is shown separately. As shown in FIG. 1 , the liquid crystal display element 1 of this embodiment has a first substrate 2 and a second substrate 3 arranged in an opposing manner, and a liquid crystal layer 4 disposed between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3. The liquid crystal layer 4 is composed of the liquid crystal composition of the above-mentioned embodiment.

A pixel electrode layer 5 is formed on the first substrate 2 on the side of the liquid crystal layer 4. A common electrode layer 6 is formed on the second substrate 3 on the side of the liquid crystal layer 4. The first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3 may also be clamped by a pair of polarizing plates 7 and 8. A color filter 9 may also be further provided on the liquid crystal layer 4 side of the second substrate 3.

That is, a liquid crystal display element 1 of an implementation form has a structure in which a first polarizing plate 7, a first substrate 2, a pixel electrode layer 5, a liquid crystal layer 4 containing a liquid crystal composition, a common electrode layer 6, a color filter 9, a second substrate 3, and a second polarizing plate 8 are sequentially stacked.

The first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3 are formed of flexible materials such as glass or plastic. At least one of the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3 is formed of a transparent material, and the other can be formed of a transparent material or an opaque material such as metal or silicon. The first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3 are bonded to each other by sealing materials and sealing materials such as epoxy-based thermosetting compositions arranged in the peripheral area. In order to maintain the distance between the substrates, granular spacers such as glass particles, plastic particles, aluminum oxide particles, etc., or spacer columns composed of resin formed by photolithography can also be arranged therebetween.

The first polarizer 7 and the second polarizer 8 can be adjusted in a manner that the polarization axis of each polarizer is adjusted to improve the viewing angle or contrast, preferably, the transmission axes thereof are operated in a normal black display mode so as to have mutually orthogonal transmission axes. It is particularly preferred that either the first polarizer 7 or the second polarizer 8 is configured in a manner that has a transmission axis parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied.

From the perspective of preventing light leakage, the color filter 9 is preferably formed as a black matrix, and preferably a black matrix is formed in the portion corresponding to the thin film transistor (not shown).

The black matrix can be arranged together with the color filter on the substrate on the opposite side of the array substrate, can be arranged together with the color filter on the side of the array substrate, or can be arranged separately, that is, the black matrix is arranged on the array substrate and the color filter is arranged on the other substrate. In addition, the black matrix can be arranged separately from the color filter, and the transmittance can be reduced by overlapping the colors of the color filter.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged top view of a portion of the pixel electrode layer 5 formed on the first substrate 2 in FIG. 1, namely, the area surrounded by the I line. As shown in FIG. 2, in the pixel electrode layer 5 including thin film transistors formed on the surface of the first substrate 2, a plurality of gate bus lines 11 for supplying scanning signals and a plurality of data bus lines 12 for supplying display signals intersect with each other and are arranged in a matrix. Furthermore, FIG. 2 only shows a pair of gate bus lines 11, 11 and a pair of data bus lines 12, 12.

A unit pixel of a liquid crystal display element is formed by an area surrounded by a plurality of gate bus lines 11 and a plurality of data bus lines 12, and a pixel electrode 13 is formed in the unit pixel. The pixel electrode 13 has a so-called fishbone structure having two main trunks that are orthogonal to each other and form a cross shape and a plurality of branches extending from each main trunk. In addition, a Cs electrode 14 is provided between a pair of gate bus lines 11, 11 and is substantially parallel to the gate bus line 11. In addition, a thin film transistor including a source electrode 15 and a drain electrode 16 is provided near the intersection where the gate bus line 11 and the data bus line 12 intersect each other. A contact hole 17 is provided on the drain electrode 16.

The gate bus line 11 and the data bus line 12 are preferably formed of metal films, more preferably Al, Cu, Au, Ag, Cr, Ta, Ti, Mo, W, Ni or their alloys, and further preferably Mo, Al or their alloys.

In order to improve the transmittance, the pixel electrode 13 is preferably a transparent electrode. The transparent electrode is formed by sputtering an oxide semiconductor (ZnO, InGaZnO, SiGe, GaAs, IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), SnO, TiO, AZTO (AlZnSnO), etc.). At this time, the film thickness of the transparent electrode can be 10~200nm. In addition, in order to reduce the resistance, the transparent electrode can also be formed in the form of a polycrystalline ITO film by calcining the amorphous ITO film.

The liquid crystal display element of this embodiment can be formed by sputtering a metal material such as Al or its alloy to form wiring on the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3, and form a pixel electrode layer 5 and a common electrode layer 6 respectively. In addition, the color filter 9 can be made by, for example, a pigment dispersion method, a printing method, an electroplating method, or a dyeing method. If the method of making a color filter using the pigment dispersion method is described as an example, the color filter is coated on the transparent substrate with a curable coloring composition, patterned, and then hardened by heating or light irradiation. By performing this step for the three colors of red, green, and blue, a pixel portion for a color filter can be made. In addition, the color filter 9 can also be arranged on the side of a substrate having a TFT, etc.

The first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3 are facing each other with the pixel electrode layer 5 and the common electrode layer 6 being the inner sides respectively. At this time, the distance between the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3 can also be adjusted by a spacer. At this time, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 4 is preferably adjusted to be, for example, 1~100μm.

When polarizing plates 7 and 8 are used, it is preferable to adjust the product of the refractive index anisotropy △n of the liquid crystal layer 4 and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 4 in such a way that the contrast is maximized. In addition, when there are two polarizing plates 7 and 8, the polarization axis of each polarizing plate can be adjusted to make the viewing angle or contrast better. Furthermore, a phase difference film for expanding the viewing angle can also be used. Thereafter, a sealant such as an epoxy-based thermosetting composition is screen-printed on the substrate in a form with a liquid crystal injection port, and the substrates are bonded to each other and heated to thermally cure the sealant.

As a method for sandwiching the composition between the two substrates 2 and 3, a conventional vacuum injection method or a drop injection (ODF: One Drop Fill) method can be used. Although the vacuum injection method does not produce drip marks, there is a problem of residual injection marks. In this embodiment, it can be more appropriately used for display elements manufactured using the ODF method. In the liquid crystal display element manufacturing step of the ODF method, a dispenser is used to draw an epoxy-based photothermal curing sealant in a closed-loop dam shape on any substrate of the bottom plate or the front plate, and after a specific amount of the composition is dropped under degassing, the front plate and the bottom plate are joined to manufacture a liquid crystal display element. In this embodiment, the generation of drip marks when the liquid crystal composition is dropped onto the substrate can be suppressed in the ODF method. Furthermore, the so-called drip marks are defined as the phenomenon that the traces of the liquid crystal composition dripped on the black display appear white.

Furthermore, in the manufacturing process of liquid crystal display elements using the ODF method, the optimal liquid crystal injection amount must be dripped according to the size of the liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal composition of this embodiment is less affected by the rapid pressure change or impact in the dripping device generated when the liquid crystal is dripped, and the liquid crystal can be dripped stably for a long time, so the yield of the liquid crystal display element can also be maintained at a high level. In particular, since the optimal liquid crystal injection amount of small liquid crystal display elements that are often used in recently popular smart phones is small, it is difficult to control the deviation from the optimal value within a certain range. By using the liquid crystal composition of this embodiment, a stable liquid crystal material ejection amount can also be achieved in small liquid crystal display elements.

In the case where the liquid crystal composition of the present embodiment contains a polymerizable compound, as a method for polymerizing the polymerizable compound, in order to obtain good alignment properties of the liquid crystal, it is more ideal to have an appropriate polymerization speed, so it is better to use a method of polymerizing by irradiating a single active energy ray such as ultraviolet light or electron beam, or by using them together or sequentially. When ultraviolet light is used, a polarized light source can be used, and a non-polarized light source can also be used. In addition, when the composition containing the polymerizable compound is sandwiched between two substrates for polymerization, at least the substrate on the irradiated side must be given appropriate transparency to the active energy ray. In addition, the following means may be used: after using a mask to polymerize only a specific part during light irradiation, the alignment state of the unpolymerized part is changed by changing the conditions such as the electric field, magnetic field or temperature, and then further irradiating with active energy rays to polymerize it. In particular, when performing ultraviolet exposure, it is preferred to perform ultraviolet exposure while applying an alternating electric field to the composition containing the polymerizable compound. The applied alternating electric field is preferably an alternating current with a frequency of 10 Hz to 10 kHz, and more preferably a frequency of 60 Hz to 10 kHz, and the voltage is selected depending on the desired pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal display element. That is, the pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal display element can be controlled by the applied voltage. In a lateral electric field type MVA mode liquid crystal display element, from the perspective of alignment stability and contrast, it is better to control the pre-tilt angle to 80 degrees to 89.9 degrees.

The temperature during irradiation is preferably within a temperature range that maintains the liquid crystal state of the composition of the present embodiment. It is preferred to perform polymerization at a temperature close to room temperature, that is, typically at a temperature of 15 to 35°C. As a lamp that generates ultraviolet light, a metal halide lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high-pressure mercury lamp, etc. can be used. In addition, as the wavelength of the irradiated ultraviolet light, it is preferred to irradiate ultraviolet light in a wavelength region that is not the absorption wavelength region of the composition, and it is preferred to intercept the ultraviolet light as needed. The intensity of the irradiated ultraviolet light is preferably 0.1mW/ ^cm2 to 100W/ ^cm2 , and more preferably 2mW/ ^cm2 to 50W/ ^cm2 . The energy of the irradiated ultraviolet light can be appropriately adjusted, preferably 10mJ/ ^cm2 ~500J/ ^cm2 , more preferably 100mJ/ ^cm2 ~200J/ ^cm2 . The intensity can also be changed during the irradiation of ultraviolet light. The irradiation time of ultraviolet light is appropriately selected according to the intensity of the irradiated ultraviolet light, preferably 10 seconds~3600 seconds, more preferably 10 seconds~600 seconds.

In the liquid crystal composition of this embodiment, compound (i) does not hinder the polymerization reaction of the above-mentioned polymerizable compounds, so the polymerizable compounds are appropriately polymerized with each other, and the unreacted polymerizable compounds can be suppressed from remaining in the liquid crystal composition.

When the above-mentioned compound (ii) is used as a polymerizable compound, the obtained liquid crystal display element 1 has two substrates 2 and 3, and a liquid crystal layer 4 containing a liquid crystal composition and a polymer of the compound represented by the general formula (ii) disposed between the two substrates 2 and 3. In this case, it is believed that the polymer of the compound represented by the general formula (ii) is concentrated on the substrates 2 and 3 sides in the liquid crystal layer 4.

The liquid crystal display element 1 can be an active matrix driven liquid crystal display element. The liquid crystal display element 1 can be a PSA type, PSVA type, VA type, IPS type, FFS type or ECB type liquid crystal display element, preferably a PSA type liquid crystal display element.

In the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, since a liquid crystal composition containing compound (i) is used, it is not necessary to set an alignment film such as a polyimide alignment film on the liquid crystal layer 4 side of the first substrate 2 and the second substrate 3. That is, the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment can adopt a structure in which at least one of the two substrates does not have an alignment film such as a polyimide alignment film.

[Implementation example]

The following examples are given to further describe the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, the "%" in the compositions of the following examples and comparative examples means "mass %". The following codes are used to describe the liquid crystal compounds in the examples.

(Ring structure)

(Side chain structure and connection structure)

[Table 1]

In the embodiment, the measured characteristics are as follows. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the measurement is based on the method specified in JEITA ED-2521B.

T _ni : Nematic-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (℃)

△n: refractive index anisotropy at 25°C

△ε: Dielectric anisotropy at 25°C

K11: Elastic constant K11 (pN) at 25°C

K33: Elastic constant K33 (pN) at 25°C

γ1: Rotational viscosity at 25°C (mPa.s)

Evaluation test of low temperature storage performance: Filter the liquid crystal composition and remove the dissolved air under vacuum conditions. Add it to a fully cleaned container and place it at -20℃ for 240 hours. Then, visually observe whether there is precipitation and judge it according to the following two levels.

○: No precipitation was confirmed

×: Precipitation can be confirmed

Evaluation test of vertical alignment: Prepare "a first substrate (common electrode substrate) having a transparent electrode layer and a filter layer composed of a transparent common electrode but without an alignment film" and "a second substrate (pixel electrode substrate) having a pixel electrode layer but without an alignment film, the pixel electrode layer having a transparent pixel electrode driven by an active element". Drop the liquid crystal composition on the first substrate, clamp it with the second substrate, and harden the sealant to obtain a liquid crystal unit. Use a polarizing microscope to observe the vertical alignment at this time and evaluate it with the following 4 levels.

◎: Uniform vertical alignment

○: Only very few orientation defects, but the level is acceptable

△: Contains orientation defects, which is an unacceptable level

×: Very bad misalignment

Pre-tilt angle stability evaluation test: For the liquid crystal unit used in the above (vertical alignment evaluation test), a 10V, 100Hz rectangular AC wave was applied while irradiating the unit with UV light at 365nm and an illumination of 100m/ ^cm2 for 200 seconds using a high-pressure mercury lamp. Afterwards, a 10V, 100Hz rectangular AC wave was applied while a physical external force was applied to the unit, and the stability of the white display was evaluated in the following four levels.

◎: Evenly aligned

○: Only very few orientation defects, but the level is acceptable

△: Contains orientation defects, which is an unacceptable level

×: Very bad misalignment

Drip marks: For the liquid crystal unit used in the above (vertical alignment evaluation test), a 10V, 100Hz rectangular AC wave was applied while a high-pressure mercury lamp was used to irradiate the unit with 365nm UV light with an illumination of 100m/ ^cm2 for 200 seconds. Afterwards, the presence or absence of drip marks was evaluated using the following four levels without applying voltage.

○: No drip marks

△: Only very few drip marks, but it is an acceptable level

×: Drip marks are produced and are very severe

-: Unable to evaluate drip marks, unable to observe (poor orientation)

(Examples 1 to 24, Comparative Examples 1 to 6)

The liquid crystal compositions LC-1~LC-7 and LC-A shown in the table below were prepared and their physical properties were measured. The physical properties are shown in Table 2.

[Table 2]

Liquid crystal compositions containing polymerizable compounds were prepared by adding polymerizable compounds in the amounts listed in the table to 100 parts by mass of each of the above liquid crystal compositions, and the low-temperature storage performance, vertical alignment, and pre-tilt angle stability were confirmed. It was confirmed that the polymerizable liquid crystal compositions invented in this case all have excellent properties.

[Table 3]

[Table 5]

[Table 6]

[Table 7]

1: Liquid crystal display element

2: First substrate

3: Second substrate

4: Liquid crystal layer

5: Pixel electrode layer

6: Common electrode layer

7: First polarizing plate

8: Second polarizing plate

9: Color filter

Claims (9)

A liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy (Δε) and comprising: one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formula (N-1-10) and the following general formula (N-1-11), one or more compounds represented by the following general formula (P), and one or more self-aligning compounds having a polymerizable group and an adsorption group,

(wherein, ^RN1101 , ^RN1102 , ^RN1111 and ^RN1112 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and one or two or more non-adjacent _-CH2- in the alkyl group may each independently be substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-);

(In the above general formula (P), ^Rp1 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a cyano group, a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms in which the hydrogen atom may be substituted by a halogen atom, an alkoxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms in which the hydrogen atom may be substituted by a halogen atom, an alkenyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms in which the hydrogen atom may be substituted by a halogen atom, an alkenyloxy group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms in which the hydrogen atom may be substituted by a halogen ^{atom, or -Spp2-Pp2 , Pp1} and ^Pp2 each independently represent any one of the general formulae ( ^Pp1-1 ) to ( ^Pp1-9 ),

(wherein, R ^p11 and R ^p12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, W ^p11 represents a single bond, -O-, -COO- or a methylene group, t ^p11 represents 0, 1 or 2, and when a plurality of R ^p11 , R ^p12 , W ^p11 and/or t ^p11 exist in the molecule, they may be the same or different), Sp ^p1 and Sp ^p2 each independently represent a single bond or a spacer group, Z ^p1 and Z ^p2 each independently represent a single bond, -O-, -S-, -CH ₂ -, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -CO-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCOOCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ OCOO-, -OCH ₂ CH ₂ O-, -CO-NR ^ZP1 -, -NR ^ZP1 -CO-, -SCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ S-, -CH=CR ^ZP1 -COO-, -CH=CR ^ZP1 -OCO-, -COO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-, -OCO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-, -COO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-COO-, -COO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-OCO-, -OCO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-COO-, -OCO-CR ^ZP1 =CH-OCO-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -COO-, -(CH ₂ ) ₂ -OCO-, -OCO-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, -(C=O)-O-(CH ₂ ) ₂ -, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ CF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ - or -C≡C- (wherein, R ^ZP1 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. When a plurality of R ^ZP1 exist in the molecule, they may be the same or different), ^Ap2 represents 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, anthracene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,3-dihydronaphthalene-2,7-diyl.

Alkane-2,5-diyl, A ^p2 is unsubstituted or may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or a nitro group, A ^p1 represents a group represented by (A ^p1 -11) to (A ^p1 -19),

(wherein, * is bonded to Sp ^p1 or Z ^p1 , ** is bonded to Z ^p1 , and one or more hydrogen atoms in the structure may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or a nitro group), A ^p3 represents a group represented by (A ^p3 -11) to (A ^p3 -19),

(wherein, * is bonded to ^Zp2 , ** is bonded to ^Rp1 or ^Zp2 , and one or more hydrogen atoms in the structure may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a cyano group, or a nitro group), ^mp2 and ^mp3 each independently represent 0, 1, 2, or 3, ^mp1 and ^mp4 represent 1, ^{and when a plurality of Pp1, Spp1, Ap1, Zp1, Zp2, Ap3 , and / or Rp1 exist} in the molecule, they may be the same or different), and the self-aligning compound is a compound having an adsorbing group selected from the following adsorbing group group as the above-mentioned adsorbing group, and/or a compound selected from the following self-aligning compound group, the adsorbing group group:

(In the above formula, R ^tc represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or a polymerizable group P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -. The hydrogen atom in the molecule can also be replaced by the above polymerizable group P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -. * represents a bond, which is bonded to the mesogen group, polymerizable group, flexible group or spacer group).

(In the above formula, R ^tc represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or a polymerizable group P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -. The hydrogen atom in the molecule can also be replaced by the above polymerizable group P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -. * represents a bond, which is bonded to the mesogen group, polymerizable group, flexible group or spacer group).

(In the above formula, R ^tc represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a polymerizable group ^Pa1 -Sp ^a1- . The hydrogen atom in the molecule may also be substituted with the above polymerizable group ^Pa1 - ^{Sp a1-} ). In the above formula, ^Pal represents a group represented by the general formula (PI), the general formula (P-III) to the general formula (P-IX).

(wherein, R ^p11 and R ^p12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; W ^p11 represents a single bond, -O-, -COO-, or a methylene group; t ^p11 represents 0, 1, or 2; Sp ^al represents a single bond, or a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; one or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ - in the alkylene group may be independently substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO-, or -OCO-; * represents a bond, which is bonded to a mesogen group, a polymerizable group, a flexible group, or a spacer group);

(In the above formula, R ^tc represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms or a polymerizable group P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -. The hydrogen atom in the molecule can also be replaced by the above polymerizable group P ^a1 -Sp ^a1 -. * represents a bond, which is bonded to the mesogen group, polymerizable group, flexible group or spacer group).

(In the above formula, R ^t11a , R ^t16a , and R ^t151a each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R ^t151b and R ^t151c each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a cyanoalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, ^Xa and ^Xb each independently represent -O-, -S-, or -CH ₂ -, L ^t151a and L ^t151b each independently represent a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a vinylene group, a vinylene group, an isopropenylene group, or an ethylene group, n ^t11c , n ^t151c , n ^t16c , n ^t151d , n t153e , n t151f , and n t153g each independently represent 0 or 1, and n ^t11a , n t11b , n ^t16a , n ^t151d , n t153e , n ^t151f , and n ^t153g each independently represent 0 or ¹ , ^t16b , n ^t151a and n ^t151b each independently represent an integer from 1 to 11, and * represents a bond to the liquid crystal unit); Self-aligning compound group:

The liquid crystal composition as described in claim 1, which contains, as the compound represented by the general formula (P), one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formula (P-1-2) and general formula (P-1-8),

(In the formula, P ^p11 , P ^p12 , Sp ^p11 , Sp ^p12 each independently represent the same meanings as P ^p1 , P ^p2 , Sp ^p1 , Sp ^p2 in the general formula (P)). The liquid crystal composition as described in claim 1, wherein the content of the compound represented by the above general formula (N-1-10) is 5% by mass or more, and/or the content of the compound represented by the above general formula (N-1-11) is 5% by mass or more. The liquid crystal composition as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of the compound represented by the above general formula (P) is 0.01 mass % or more. The liquid crystal composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulae (L-1), (L-2), (L-3), (L-4), (L-5), (N-1-3), and (N-1-18),

(wherein, ^RL11 , ^RL12 , ^RL21 , ^RL22 , ^RL32 , ^RL32 , ^RL41 , ^RL42 , ^RL51 and ^RL52 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and one or more non-adjacent _-CH2- in the alkyl group may each independently be substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-; ^RN131 , ^RN132 , ^RN1181 and ^RN1182 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and one or more non-adjacent _-CH2- in the alkyl group may each independently be substituted by -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO-). The liquid crystal composition as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of the self-aligning compound is 0.02 mass % or more. A liquid crystal display element using a liquid crystal composition as described in any one of claims 1 to 6. An active matrix driven liquid crystal display element using a liquid crystal composition as described in any one of claims 1 to 6. A VA type, IPS type, FFS type, PSA type or PSVA type liquid crystal display element, which uses a liquid crystal composition described in any one of claims 1 to 6.