TWI849169B - Electrical device - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrical device includes a first module and a second module stacked upon the first one in a stacking direction thereof. The first module includes a pixel substrate and a confronting substrate opposite to each other, the pixel substrate defines a plurality of pixels. The second module is adjacent to the confronting substrate of the first module but away from the pixel substrate fo the first module. The second module includes a plurality of micro-photoelectric units and a protection layer. The protection layer stacks upon the micro-photoelectric chips and stays away from the first module. Each of the micro-photoelectric units shields non of the pixels in the stacking direction. One of the micro-photoelectric units includes a sensor element.

Description

Electronic devices

The present invention relates to an electronic device and an electronic device that can be widely used in various electronic devices mainly based on micro-photoelectric components.

Biometric identification uses each person's unique physiological characteristics to identify the user's identity. For example, fingerprints have the characteristics of high accuracy. Fingerprint recognition has become an important technology for information security. In addition, pulse and blood oxygen saturation can also provide many physiological parameters related to cardiovascular diseases. If pulse, blood oxygen saturation and other physiological parameters can be measured at any time, or further connected to the remote or cloud, it will be of great help in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases or life-saving.

The present invention provides an electronic device that can be widely used in various electronic devices mainly based on micro-photoelectric components.

The present invention provides an electronic device that can provide a high-accuracy detection rate.

The present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a first module, a second module connected to the first module along a stacking direction and stacked with the first module. The first module has a pixel substrate and an opposing substrate arranged opposite to the pixel substrate; the pixel substrate defines a plurality of display pixels. The second module is located on one side of the first module (adjacent to the opposing substrate and away from the pixel substrate); the second module has a plurality of micro-photoelectric units and a protective layer; each micro-photoelectric unit of the second module does not shield one of the display pixels of the first module along the stacking direction; each micro-photoelectric unit includes a micro-photoelectric element, wherein the micro-photoelectric element of one of the micro-photoelectric units is a sensing element; the protective layer protects the micro-photoelectric units and is located on a side away from the first module.

In some embodiments, the first module further includes: a plurality of light shielding units disposed on the pixel substrate, or disposed on the opposite substrate facing the pixel substrate; in the first module, each light shielding unit is disposed around each display pixel along a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction; each micro-photoelectric unit of the second module is aligned with one of the light shielding units of the first module along the stacking direction.

In some embodiments, the first module further includes: a plurality of filter units disposed on the pixel substrate, or disposed on the opposite substrate facing the pixel substrate; in the first module, each filter unit is aligned with each display pixel along the stacking direction.

In some embodiments, the first module further includes a display medium disposed between the pixel substrate and the opposing substrate.

In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes: a polarizer disposed on the pixel substrate or on the second module.

In some embodiments, the polarizer disposed in the second module is located between the micro-photoelectric units and the protective layer on the second module.

In some embodiments, the polarizer disposed in the second module is located between the micro-photoelectric units of the second module and the first module.

In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes: a polarizer disposed on the first module, and the polarizer disposed on the first module is disposed on a side of the first module away from the second module.

In some embodiments, the electronic device further includes a backlight module, which is connected to a side of the first module away from the second module.

In some embodiments, the display medium is a liquid crystal material or an organic self-luminescent material.

In some embodiments, the display medium is a liquid crystal material.

In some embodiments, the sensing element is sensed by applying a reverse bias.

In some embodiments, the sensing element is transformed into a light-emitting element by applying a forward bias to emit light.

In some embodiments, each micro-photoelectric unit includes multiple micro-photoelectric elements, one of which is the sensing element, and another micro-photoelectric element is a light-emitting element.

In some embodiments, a plurality of adjacent micro-photoelectric units form a micro-photoelectric unit group; in each micro-photoelectric unit group, a micro-photoelectric element in one micro-photoelectric unit senses the light emitted by a micro-photoelectric element in another micro-photoelectric unit.

In some embodiments, two adjacent micro-photoelectric units are one unit apart, and the unit between the two adjacent micro-photoelectric units is defined as at least one positive integer display pixel; the sensing range of light emission of one micro-photoelectric element is M units; in the same micro-photoelectric unit group, the micro-photoelectric element of one micro-photoelectric unit emits light, and the micro-photoelectric element of another micro-photoelectric unit N units away senses it; M and N are positive integers or zero; M is greater than N.

In some embodiments, two adjacent micro-photoelectric unit groups are M+N+1 units apart.

In some embodiments, in each micro-photoelectric unit group, the micro-photoelectric units emit light in sequence.

In some embodiments, the micro-photoelectric elements in some of the micro-photoelectric units include a sensing element; and the micro-photoelectric elements in another part of the micro-photoelectric units include a light-emitting element.

In some embodiments, the micro-photoelectric elements in some of the micro-photoelectric units include one type of sensing element; and the micro-photoelectric elements in another type of micro-photoelectric units include another type of sensing element.

In some embodiments, the micro-photoelectric element in some of the micro-photoelectric units includes one type of light-emitting element; and the micro-photoelectric element in another portion of the micro-photoelectric units includes another type of light-emitting element.

In some embodiments, the electronic device includes a matrix circuit electrically connected to the micro-photoelectric units, and a biometric recognition or touch integrated circuit element electrically connected to the matrix circuit.

1. 1’: Electronic devices

11: First module

111: Pixel substrate

112: Opposite substrate

113: Common electrode layer

114: Shading unit

115: Filter unit

116:Drive circuit

116D: Drive unit

PL: display pixels

DM: Display medium

12, 12’: Second module

121, 121’: Micro photoelectric unit

121a: Light-emitting element

121b: Sensing element

121c: Micro optoelectronic components

12G’: Micro photoelectric unit

122: Protective layer

123, 123’: Matrix circuit

124, 124’: filling layer

13, 13’: Polarization module

131: First polarizer

132, 132’: Second polarizer

14: Backlight module

Ds: Stacking direction

Dx, Dy: direction

2: Fingers

21: Fingerprints

Ob: reflective object

M, N: quantity

Θ: luminous angle

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application of one embodiment of the electronic device of the present invention;

Figure 1A is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of Figure 1;

FIG1B is a schematic diagram of another structural form of FIG1A;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the electronic device of the present invention;

Figures 3A to 3G are schematic diagrams of another embodiment of the electronic device of the present invention; and

Figures 4A to 4G are schematic diagrams of radio waves corresponding to Figures 3A to 3G respectively.

The electronic device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the relevant drawings, wherein the same components will be described with the same reference symbols. The drawings of all embodiments of the present invention are for illustration only and do not represent the actual size and proportion. In addition, the positions "upper" and "lower" in the content of the following embodiments are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship. Furthermore, a component formed "on", "above", "below" or "below" another component may include a direct contact between one component and another component in the embodiments, or may also include other additional components between one component and another component so that there is no direct contact between the aforementioned one component and another component. In addition, the "electronic device" described in the following embodiments can be applied to technical fields such as sensing devices (such as fingerprints, palm print readers), touch devices, display devices, micro projectors, or lighting devices. The display device is, for example, a virtual reality (VR) head-mounted display or an augmented reality (AR) head-mounted display, and the present invention does not impose any limitation thereto.

Please refer to Figures 1 and 1A. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application of one embodiment of the electronic device 1 of the present invention for biometric identification or parameter measurement, and Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of Figure 1.

As shown in FIG1 , a finger 2 touches the electronic device 1 of the present invention, as shown in FIG1A , which includes a first module 11 and a second module 12 stacked on the first module 11. The first module 11 has a pixel substrate 111 and an opposing substrate 112 disposed opposite to the pixel substrate 111; the pixel substrate 111 defines a plurality of display pixels PL; the display pixels PL herein may be arranged in an array of at least one row/column. The second module 12 is located on one side of the first module 11 (adjacent to the opposing substrate 112 and away from the pixel substrate 111); the second module 12 has a plurality of micro-photoelectric units 121 and a protective layer 122; the micro-photoelectric units 121 herein may be arranged in an array of at least one row/column. Each micro-photoelectric unit 121 of the second module 12 does not shield each display pixel P of the first module 11 along a stacking direction Ds of the first and second modules 11, 12. The "not shielding along the stacking direction Ds" referred to in this article means that the two elements along the stacking direction Ds are not aligned with each other, and present a partially misaligned or completely misaligned spatial configuration. Each micro-photoelectric unit 121 includes at least one micro-photoelectric element, which can be a sensing element or a light-emitting element; wherein, the micro-photoelectric elements in at least part of the micro-photoelectric units 121 are defined to include a sensing element. The "at least one micro-photoelectric element" mentioned in this article covers different quantities (for example, one or more), different functions (for example, sensing elements or light-emitting elements), and different types (for example, charge-coupled devices (CCDs), CMOS sensors (CMOS Image Sensors)). Sensor, CIS), or infrared sensor, or any combination of the above configurations, or other configurations that do not violate the meaning of this article; "at least part of the micro-photoelectric unit" described in this article can cover one, part or all; the configuration of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 will be described in detail later. The protective layer 122 covers and protects the micro-photoelectric units 121 and is located on one side away from the first module 11. Since the fingerprint 21 has uneven concave and convex patterns, the different strengths of light generated by reflection, diffusion, refraction or diffraction of external or internal light sources can be detected by the sensing elements defined in at least part of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 and generate corresponding sensing signals. The electronic device 1 can further identify according to the obtained sensing signals.

As shown in the electronic device 1 in FIG. 1A , the first module 11 also has a display medium DM located between the pixel substrate 111 (display pixel PL) and the counter substrate 112 along the stacking direction Ds, a common electrode layer 113 stacked on the display medium DM, a plurality of shading units 114 and a plurality of filtering units 115 located between the common electrode layer 113 and the counter substrate 112 and arranged alternately with each other, and a driving circuit 116 arranged on the pixel substrate 111. The driving circuit 116 shown in this embodiment can be disposed on the pixel substrate 111, and the adjacently stacked display medium DM and the common electrode layer 113 are located between the pixel substrate 111 and the opposite substrate 112. The light shielding units 114 and the light filtering units 115 can be disposed on the pixel substrate 111 or the opposite substrate 112. In this embodiment, the light shielding units 114 and the light filtering units 115 are disposed on the opposite substrate 112 as an example. In the first module 11, the light shielding units 114 are disposed on a side of the opposite substrate 112 away from the second module 12 and facing the pixel substrate 111; the light shielding units 114 constitute a light shielding (Black The light shielding units 114 are arranged around each display pixel PL along a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction Ds, so that the light emitted by the display pixel PL is not shielded by the light shielding units 114 and can be further defined by the light shielding units 114; wherein the micro photoelectric units 121 of the second module 12 correspond to at least a portion of the light shielding units 114 in the first module 11 along the stacking direction Ds, and are aligned with at least a portion of the corresponding light shielding units 114. In other words, in the present embodiment, each micro-photoelectric unit 121 of the second module 12 is aligned with each shading unit 114 in the first module 11 along the stacking direction Ds, which is a one-to-one arrangement; however, not all shading units 14 are provided with the micro-photoelectric unit 121, and more than one micro-photoelectric unit 121 may be provided on the shading unit 14 provided with the micro-photoelectric unit 121; therefore, regardless of how the corresponding numbers of the micro-photoelectric units 121 and the shading units 14 are arranged, each micro-photoelectric unit 121 of the second module 12 can be aligned with one of the shading units 14 of the first module 11 along the stacking direction Ds. The filter units 115 formed on the side of the counter substrate 112 away from the second module and facing the pixel substrate 111 are almost in the same plane as the light shielding units 114, or can be arranged in a non-coplanar manner; the filter units 115 constitute a filter (color filter) layer, and the filter units 115 are aligned with each display pixel PL along the stacking direction Ds. The "alignment along the stacking direction Ds" referred to herein refers to the alignment between two elements along the stacking direction Ds, and the common center lines of the two elements are aligned with each other, or the boundary of one element is covered by the boundary of the other element, or the boundaries of the two elements are partially aligned or completely aligned. In the above situation (e.g., each shading unit 114 is arranged around each display pixel PL along a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction Ds, each filter unit 115 is aligned with each display pixel PL along the stacking direction Ds, and each micro-photoelectric unit 121 of the second module 12 is aligned with one of the shading units 114 of the first module 11 along the stacking direction Ds), each micro-photoelectric unit 121 of the second module 12 may not shield one of the display pixels PL of the first module 11 along the stacking direction Ds. The driving circuit 116 is a circuit layer including a plurality of driving units 116D respectively corresponding to the display pixels PL. The driving circuit 116 (driving unit 116D) and the display pixels PL are arranged in the same plane or in different planes. Each driving unit 116D includes at least one thin film transistor (TFT) to drive each micro-photoelectric unit 121 individually. In one embodiment of the present invention, each shading unit 114 can extend to each driving unit 116D along a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction Ds, in addition to surrounding each display pixel PL, so that each shading unit 114 can further shield each driving unit 116D. In addition, the protective layer 122 can be a hard substrate, a soft substrate or a protective film, covering the micro-photoelectric units 121.

In the present invention, the display medium DM can be determined by the type of display module the first module 11 is, such as a liquid crystal module or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) module, and the display medium DM can be selected as a liquid crystal material or an organic self-luminous material. The electronic device shown in FIG1A is a state where the display medium DM uses a liquid crystal material.

Back to the present embodiment, the second module 12 has a matrix circuit 123 connected to the first module 11 and located between the micro-photoelectric units 121 and the first module 11 along the stacking direction Ds, and a filling layer 124 filled between the micro-photoelectric units 121. The matrix circuit 123 includes at least one circuit unit corresponding to each micro-photoelectric unit 121, and the matrix circuit 123 is disposed on the opposite substrate 112 of the first module 112 and can be electrically connected to the electrodes of the micro-photoelectric elements 121; the aforementioned circuit unit can be composed of a simple circuit, or further include a driving element other than the circuit. The filling layer 124 can be made of a material with or without viscosity, and the filling layer 124 can be made of a transparent material. The refractive index of the filling layer 124 can be equal to the refractive index of the protective layer or between the refractive index of the protective layer and the refractive index of the micro-photoelectric element. The matrix circuit 123 and the filling layer 124 shown in this embodiment are located between the protective layer 122 of the second module 12 and the opposite substrate 112 of the first module 11.

As in the present embodiment, when the display medium DM of the electronic device 1 is a liquid crystal material, it may further include a polarizer unit 13 and a backlight module 14 as shown in FIG. 1A. The polarizer unit 13 includes a first polarizer 131 disposed on the first module 11, and a second polarizer 132 disposed on the second module 12. The backlight module 14 is connected to a side of the first module 11 away from the second module 12; the first polarizer 131, similar to the backlight module 14, is connected to a side of the first module 11 away from the second module 12, and the first polarizer 131 may be further connected between the pixel substrate 111 of the first module 11 and the backlight module 14; the second polarizer 132 is simultaneously connected and located between the micro-photoelectric units 121 and the protective layer 122 on the second module 12. In this embodiment, the first and second polarizers 131 and 132 can be connected to the corresponding elements through the same or different adhesive materials; the second polarizer 132 can be connected to the micro-photoelectric elements in the micro-photoelectric units 121 through the adhesive material, and the adhesive material can further be selected to be the same material as the filling layer 124.

In another embodiment where the display medium DM of the electronic device 1 is made of liquid crystal material, the electronic device 1 can also omit the common electrode layer 113 stacked on the display medium DM.

In one embodiment of the present invention, when the display medium DM of the electronic device 1 is an organic luminescent material, it may include only a polarizer unit 13 having only a second polarizer 132 (and also does not include a backlight module 14) as shown in FIG. 1B .

In another embodiment where the display medium DM of the electronic device 1 is made of an organic light-emitting material, the second polarizer 132 can also be omitted from the electronic device 1.

In another embodiment where the display medium DM of the electronic device 1 is made of organic light-emitting materials, the electronic device 1 can also omit the color filter layer formed by the color filter units 115. At this time, the light shielding units 114 can be optionally disposed on the pixel substrate 111.

Since the present invention is to set at least one micro-photoelectric unit 121 in the BM area that does not shield the display pixel P, and no matter how the number of micro-photoelectric units 121 is configured, at least one micro-photoelectric element of one micro-photoelectric unit 121 is a sensing element, and the detection function can be achieved. Among them, there is also a characteristic of a micro-photoelectric element, which can change its element function in the sensing element or the light-emitting element through the difference in voltage supply. The present invention can choose to collect light from the outside, from the inside, or partly from the inside and partly from the outside, and configure the number, function, and type of micro-photoelectric elements in the micro-photoelectric units 121 differently. For example, when selecting external light collection, only sensing elements can be arranged in all micro-photoelectric units 121; and one or more sensing elements of the same type or different types can be arranged. When internal light extraction or partial internal light extraction is selected, a light-emitting element may be provided in one, at least a part, or all of the micro-photoelectric units 121, and one or more light-emitting elements of the same type or different types (for example, infrared light, ultraviolet light, or visible light of different wavelengths) may be selectively arranged; the light-emitting element does not have to be limited to being arranged in the same micro-photoelectric unit 121 as the sensing element, and the light-emitting element may be further arranged and combined with the aforementioned arrangement and combination of the photosensitive elements. In addition, considering that the aforementioned micro-photoelectric element can switch between sensing and luminescence functions by switching the direction of voltage, in order to avoid confusion, the micro-photoelectric element in this article functions as a sensing element or a luminescence element, which is determined by the time point after the voltage is switched; for example, when a forward bias is given to the micro-photoelectric element, the micro-photoelectric element functions as a luminescence element, and when a reverse bias is given to the micro-photoelectric element, the micro-photoelectric element functions as a sensing element. In other words, the sensing element and the luminescence element of the present invention can further describe the following aspects (but not limited to):

In one embodiment of the present invention, at least part of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 includes a micro-photoelectric element; at least part of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 has multiple micro-photoelectric elements of the same structure/type of light-emitting elements or sensing elements; or at least part of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 has multiple micro-photoelectric elements of the same structure/type, and each micro-photoelectric element is respectively used as a light-emitting element or a sensing element by giving each micro-photoelectric element a forward bias or a reverse bias.

In one embodiment of the present invention, at least part of the micro-photoelectric element in the micro-photoelectric unit 121 may be one or may include multiple sensing elements.

In one embodiment of the present invention, at least part of the micro-photoelectric element in the micro-photoelectric unit 121 may be one or may include multiple sensing elements or light-emitting elements.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the micro-photoelectric element of a part of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 may include one or more sensing elements; the micro-photoelectric element of another part of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 may include one or more light-emitting elements. The quantities of the two parts may be the same or different.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the micro-photoelectric elements of a part of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 may include one or more sensing elements; the micro-photoelectric elements of another part of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 may include one or more sensing elements. The types of sensing elements in the two parts may be consistent or partially consistent.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the micro-photoelectric elements of a part of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 may include one or more light-emitting elements; the micro-photoelectric elements of another part of the micro-photoelectric unit 121 may include one or more light-emitting elements. The types of light-emitting elements in the two parts may be consistent or partially consistent. It is worth noting that the light-emitting elements, the sensing elements, or the light-emitting elements and the sensing elements may be different types of micro-photoelectric elements; or, they may be formed by giving corresponding forward bias or reverse bias to each micro-photoelectric element, which will be described in detail later.

Each micro-photoelectric unit 121 may include at least one micro-photoelectric element. For example, each micro-photoelectric unit 121 includes two micro-photoelectric elements: one micro-photoelectric element is a sensing element, and the other micro-photoelectric element is a light-emitting element. The sensing element is located in a reflection range covered by the light-emitting angle θ of the light-emitting element. In the present embodiment, a plurality of micro-photoelectric units 121 continuously arranged along a direction Dx of the vertical stacking direction Ds may constitute a micro-photoelectric unit group. The light emitted by the light-emitting element in one of the micro-photoelectric units 121 in each micro-photoelectric unit group covers a sensing range after reflection. Therefore, within this sensing range, the light can be simultaneously detected by the sensing element in the same micro-photoelectric unit 121 and the sensing elements in the adjacent micro-photoelectric units 121 located around the light-emitting element, thereby forming a light-emitting-sensing relationship within the unit group or a light-emitting-sensing relationship across unit groups. In addition, factors that may affect the sensing range include not only the luminous angle θ of the luminous element, but also the distance between two micro-photoelectric elements (e.g., pixel pitch, or the number of pixels between them), the surface roughness of the reflector (e.g., a finger or a flat reflector), and other factors. Since each group of micro-photoelectric units can have a cross-unit luminous-sensing relationship, the number of micro-photoelectric unit groups, micro-photoelectric units, and micro-photoelectric elements in each micro-photoelectric unit can be determined so that the selected sensing element can only receive the light from the luminous element on a specific side during sensing, rather than receiving the light from multiple luminous elements at the same time.

By analogy, when each micro-photoelectric unit 121 includes one micro-photoelectric element, it can be used for luminescence by giving a corresponding forward bias or for sensing by giving a reverse bias, so as to form at least a luminescence-sensing relationship within the unit group: in each micro-photoelectric unit group, the micro-photoelectric element in one micro-photoelectric unit 121 (acting as a sensing element) senses the luminescence of the micro-photoelectric element in another micro-photoelectric unit 121 (acting as a luminescence element).

In some embodiments, the light-emitting element emits light in the stacking direction Ds, and the light-emitting range of the light-emitting element covers the area swept by the light-emitting angle θ with the stacking direction Ds as the axis, and the range covered by the reflection of the light-emitting range is the sensing range; when the light-emitting element emits light in the non-overlapping direction Ds, it can also be applied by analogy.

The aforementioned micro-photoelectric unit 121 and/or the micro-photoelectric unit group 12G may define a plane formed by (including but not limited to) a direction Dx along the vertical stacking direction Ds, or a direction D and a direction Dy along the vertical stacking direction Ds.

In the electronic device 1 of the present invention, the sensing element is located within the sensing range covered by the luminous angle θ of the luminous element. The flexible configuration of the number of luminous elements and sensing elements in each micro-photoelectric unit 121 is conducive to improving the accuracy and efficiency of the detection rate.

In the electronic device 1 of the present invention, the sensing element is located within the sensing range covered by the luminous angle θ of the luminous element, which is beneficial to the electrical detection of the luminous element and the sensing element and their detection efficiency; for example, if any of the luminous element and the sensing element fails to achieve the predetermined function (for example, unable to emit light or unable to detect), it can be detected.

It can be understood that in this embodiment, even if the number of micro-photoelectric elements is greater than one and there are both light-emitting elements and sensing elements, they can be separately acted upon by a given forward bias or reverse bias.

In the electronic device 1 of the present invention, each micro-photoelectric unit 121 of the second module 12 does not shield each display pixel PL of the first module 11 along the stacking direction Ds; that is, from the direction of the finger 2 toward the visual direction of the electronic device 1, each micro-photoelectric unit 121 can be aligned with the corresponding shading unit 114 due to the layout, and can fill the gap between two adjacent display pixels PL without hindering the display function of each display pixel PL. In this embodiment, the sensing elements in each micro-photoelectric unit 121 generate different photocurrents (sensing signals) according to the detection results. The aforementioned sensing signals can be read by the matrix circuit 123 and then compared with the sensing signals pre-stored in the electronic device 1 (corresponding to the pre-stored fingerprints, which are pre-set before detection); when the sensing signals obtained by detection are the same as the pre-stored signals, the electronic device 1 can perform subsequent actions such as unlocking or data access, so as to achieve the purpose of biometric identification through the electronic device 1.

In this embodiment, if the electronic device 1 is used to measure parameters such as heart rate or blood oxygen concentration, each micro-photoelectric unit 121 can include a light-emitting element or a sensing element at the same time. For example, the light-emitting element emits light to the skin (such as finger 2 in FIG. 1 is replaced by the skin of other parts of the body), and different photocurrents (sensing signals) after reflection, diffusion, refraction or diffraction by the skin can also be received by the sensing element in each micro-photoelectric unit 121. The sensing signal received by the sensing element in each micro-photoelectric unit 121 is a photoplethysmography (PPG) signal, which is read by the matrix circuit 123. When the human body pulse is generated, the blood flow in the whole body blood vessels will also change, which means that the content of hemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in the blood vessels will also change. Among them, hemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin are very sensitive to light of special wavelengths (for example, red light and infrared light). Therefore, if the light emitting element in each micro-photoelectric unit 121 emits light (for example, red light, infrared light or green light) to the tissue and blood vessels under the skin, and then the sensing element in each micro-photoelectric unit 121 receives the light reflected or penetrating the skin, the change of blood flow in the blood vessels can be obtained through the intensity of the received light. This change is called a light volume change signal. PPG is a physical quantity generated by the blood circulation system. When the heart contracts and relaxes, the blood flow per unit area in the blood vessels will cause periodic changes. Since the change of PPG signal is caused by the heartbeat, the energy level of reflected, diffused, refracted or diffracted light received by the sensing element in each micro-photoelectric unit 121 can correspond to the pulse. Therefore, the changes in the human body's pulse and blood oxygen concentration, as well as other related physiological information, can also be measured through the sensing elements in each micro-photoelectric unit 121.

The sensing element in the present invention can avoid interference because it is closer to the finger (i.e. the object to be detected), and has a more accurate detection rate or recognition rate; the "closer to the object to be detected" mentioned in this article refers to the relative installation of the sensing element on the first module 11 or the first module 11 away from the side of the second module 12.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the electronic device 1 of the present invention.

The driving circuit 116 shown in this embodiment is disposed on the pixel substrate 11, the shading units 114 and the filtering units 115 are disposed on the opposite substrate 112, the display medium DM and the common electrode layer 113 are located between the pixel substrate 111 and the opposite substrate 112; the filling layer 124' is filled between the micro-photoelectric elements 121'; the polarizer unit 13' includes a first polarizer 131 disposed on the first module 11 and a second polarizer 132' disposed on the second module 12; the first polarizer 131 is located between the pixel substrate 111 and the backlight module 14 of the first module 11, and the second polarizer 132' is disposed on the opposite substrate 112 of the first module 11. Different from FIG. 1A, in this embodiment, the micro-photoelectric elements 121' are inverted, the matrix circuit 123' and the filling layer 124' of the second module 12' are located between the protective layer 122 of the second module 12 and the opposite substrate 112 of the first module 11, the matrix circuit 123' is located on the side of the protective layer 122 facing the first module 11 and between the protective layer 122 and the micro-photoelectric elements 121', the matrix circuit 123' is electrically connected to the electrodes of the micro-photoelectric elements 121', and the filling layer 124' is located between the matrix circuit 123' on the protective layer 112 and the second polarizer 132 located on the opposite substrate 112 of the first module 11.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the micro-photoelectric elements 121' in FIG. 2 are in an inverted state, and various embodiments derived from the present invention can also be applied.

Please refer to FIG. 3A to FIG. 3G for another embodiment of the electronic device of the present invention, and FIG. 4A to FIG. 4G for the corresponding waveform diagrams, which are one embodiment of sensing or luminescence by giving a corresponding forward bias or reverse bias to the micro-photoelectric element. As shown in FIG. 3A, each micro-photoelectric unit 121 is illustrated as one micro-photoelectric element, and a plurality of adjacent micro-photoelectric units 121' constitute a micro-photoelectric unit group 12G'; two adjacent micro-photoelectric units 121' are separated by one unit, and this unit can be defined as at least one positive integer display pixel; when a micro-photoelectric element is a luminescent element 121a, its luminescent sensing range is M units. In the same micro-photoelectric unit group 12G, when the micro-photoelectric element 121a in one of the micro-photoelectric units 121' emits light, the micro-photoelectric element in the micro-photoelectric unit 121' in the same or another micro-photoelectric unit group 12G' that is N units away is selected as a sensing element 121b; wherein M and N are positive integers or zero, and M is greater than N.

In this embodiment, a micro-photoelectric element in a micro-photoelectric unit 121' in a micro-photoelectric unit group 12G is activated to emit light, and a micro-photoelectric element in another micro-photoelectric unit 121' in the same micro-photoelectric unit group 12G' which is N units away is selected for sensing. The two adjacent micro-photoelectric unit groups 12G' are M+N+1 units away; wherein M+N+1 can be calculated by (2M)-(M-N)+1. In this embodiment, the two adjacent micro-photoelectric unit groups 12G' are kept M+N+1 units away in each time frame (per timeframe), for example, per mini second (per millisecond), but it is not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent micro-photoelectric units 121 can be defined as one pixel, and the distance between two adjacent micro-photoelectric unit groups 12G' is M+N+1 pixels; it is worth noting that when the sensing range of the light-emitting element 121a is wide enough or the display pixel is small enough, the distance between two adjacent micro-photoelectric units 121' can also be defined as multiple pixels.

In the following, M is equal to 4 and N is equal to 2. Each micro-photoelectric unit group 12G' includes 7 (M+N+1) pixels. The micro-photoelectric units 121' are sequentially given a forward bias starting from one side, so that the micro-photoelectric elements in each micro-photoelectric unit 121' function as light-emitting elements 121a; the sensing range of the light-emitting element 121a is 4 pixels derived from the aforementioned light-emitting element 121a as its sensing range. At the same time, in this embodiment, a reverse bias is applied to the micro-photoelectric element 2 pixels away from the light-emitting element 121a along the axis Dx, so that it acts as a sensing element 121b, while no voltage is applied to the other micro-photoelectric elements (indicated by reference numeral 121c), so that the sequence of light emission-sensing is as shown in FIG3A to FIG3G. In FIG3A, the forward bias-reverse bias relationship is as shown in FIG4A, which is forward, zero, reverse, zero, zero, zero, and zero bias, and as shown in FIG4B, which is zero, forward, zero, reverse, zero, zero, and zero bias, and so on to FIG4G. It is worth noting that Figures 3A to 3E and 4A to 4E are the luminescence-sensing relationship within the unit group; Figures 3F to 3G and 4F to 4G are the luminescence-sensing relationship across the unit group.

It is worth noting that in this embodiment, when a reflector Ob is selected as an object with uniform surface roughness, the processes of Figures 3A to 3G and Figures 4A to 4G can be used to detect whether the function of the micro-photoelectric element exists and whether it meets the requirements.

It is worth noting that the micro-photoelectric elements are given forward bias successively (or/and one by one) to act as light-emitting elements. The micro-photoelectric elements are given reverse bias and act as sensing elements adjacent to the aforementioned light-emitting elements (for example, unidirectional/single-sided), and their number can be one or more, and M and N are positive integers greater than zero. In addition, when the number of micro-photoelectric elements included in each micro-photoelectric unit 121' is multiple, M and N can both be zero at this time.

It is worth noting that the micro-photoelectric components in this embodiment are given specific voltages in sequence, but they can also be given out of sequence.

In this embodiment, the flexible configuration of the number of light-emitting elements 121a and sensing elements 121b in each micro-photoelectric unit 121' is conducive to improving the accuracy and efficiency of detection rate; in addition, the sensing element 121b is located within the sensing range of the light-emitting element 121a, which is conducive to the electrical detection of the light-emitting element 121a and the sensing element 121b and their detection efficiency.

In the aforementioned embodiments, the matrix circuit 123 (123') is electrically connected to the micro-photoelectric units 121 (121'). The electronic device 1 (1') of the present invention may further include a biometric identification or touch integrated circuit element (not shown) directly or indirectly electrically connected to the matrix circuit 123 (123'), such as a silicon-semiconductor based integrated circuit element, for controlling and receiving relevant signals of the micro-photoelectric units 121 (121'). The embodiment of the biometric identification or touch integrated circuit element electrically connected to the matrix circuit 123 (123') is not limited. For example, the biometric identification or touch integrated circuit element can be directly disposed on the matrix circuit 123 (123'). Or, for example, the biometric identification or touch integrated circuit element can be directly disposed on the drive circuit 116 (drive unit 116D) on the pixel substrate 111, and electrically connected to the matrix circuit 123 (123') through a conductive design, such as a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) (not shown). Or for example, a biometric identification or touch integrated circuit element may be directly disposed on a main circuit board (not shown), which is electrically connected to a drive circuit 116 (drive unit 116D) on a pixel substrate 111 through a conductive design, such as a flexible circuit board (FPC), and is further electrically connected to a matrix circuit 123 (123') through a conductive design, such as a flexible circuit board (FPC); the main board has a main control integrated circuit element, or further includes a display drive integrated circuit element. Or for example: the biometric or touch integrated circuit element can be directly arranged on a flexible circuit board (FPC), and the flexible circuit board can electrically connect the matrix circuit 123 (123') and the driving circuit 116 (driving unit 116D) on the pixel substrate 111, or electrically connect the main circuit board and the driving circuit 116 (driving unit 116D) on the pixel substrate 111.

In summary, the electronic device of the present invention can be widely used in various electronic devices mainly based on micro-photoelectric components, and can provide a high-accuracy detection rate. The advantage of the electronic device of the present invention is that each micro-photoelectric unit of the second module staggers the display pixels corresponding to the first module along the stacking direction without covering the aforementioned display pixels, so that each micro-photoelectric unit can just fill the gap between two adjacent display pixels, which can not only not hinder the display function of each display pixel, but also not hinder the light-emitting or detection/recognition function of each micro-photoelectric unit. In addition, the flexible configuration of the number of micro-photoelectric unit groups, micro-photoelectric units, and micro-photoelectric components is conducive to improving the accuracy and efficiency of detection rate; the sensing element is located within the sensing range where the light-emitting element can be sensed, which is conducive to the electrical detection of the micro-photoelectric element and its detection efficiency.

The above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting. Any equivalent modification or change made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention shall be included in the scope of the patent application attached hereto.

1: Electronic devices

11: First module

111: Pixel substrate

112: Opposite substrate

113: Common electrode layer

114: Shading unit

115: Filter unit

116:Drive circuit

116D: Drive unit

PL: display pixels

DM: Display medium

12: Second module

121: Micro optoelectronic components

122: Protective layer

123: Matrix circuit

124: Filling layer

13: Polarization module

131: First polarizer

132: Second polarizer

Ds: Stacking direction

2: Fingers

21: Fingerprints

Claims (22)

An electronic device, comprising: A first module having a pixel substrate and an opposing substrate disposed opposite to the pixel substrate; wherein the pixel substrate defines a plurality of display pixels; and A second module is connected to the first module along a stacking direction and stacked with the first module. The second module is located on a side of the first module connected to the opposite substrate and away from the pixel substrate. The second module is provided with a plurality of micro-photoelectric units and a protective layer: wherein each of the micro-photoelectric units of the second module does not shield one of the display pixels of the first module along the stacking direction; each of the micro-photoelectric units includes a micro-photoelectric element, wherein the micro-photoelectric element of one of the micro-photoelectric units is a sensing element; the protective layer protects the micro-photoelectric units and is located on a side away from the first module. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first module further comprises: a plurality of light shielding units disposed on the pixel substrate or disposed on the opposite substrate facing the pixel substrate; in the first module, each of the light shielding units is disposed around each of the display pixels along a plane perpendicular to the stacking direction; each of the micro-photoelectric units of the second module is aligned with one of the light shielding units of the first module along the stacking direction. The electronic device as described in claim 2, wherein the first module further comprises: a plurality of filter units disposed on the pixel substrate, or disposed on the opposite substrate facing the pixel substrate; in the first module, each of the filter units is aligned with each of the display pixels along the stacking direction. The electronic device as described in claim 1, wherein the first module further comprises a display medium, and the display medium is disposed between the pixel substrate and the opposing substrate. The electronic device as described in claim 4 further includes: a polarizer disposed in the second module. An electronic device as described in claim 5, wherein the polarizer is located between the micro-photoelectric units and the protective layer on the second module. An electronic device as described in claim 5, wherein the polarizer is located between the micro-photoelectric units of the second module and the first module. The electronic device as described in claim 5 further includes: a polarizer disposed on the first module, the polarizer disposed on the first module is disposed on a side of the first module away from the second module. The electronic device as described in claim 8 further includes: a backlight module, the backlight module is connected to a side of the first module away from the second module. An electronic device as described in claim 4, wherein the display medium is a liquid crystal material or an organic self-luminescent material. An electronic device as described in claim 8, wherein the display medium is a liquid crystal material. An electronic device as described in claim 1, wherein the sensing element senses by providing a reverse bias. An electronic device as described in claim 12, wherein the sensing element is transformed into a light-emitting element by emitting light through a given forward bias. An electronic device as described in claim 1, wherein each micro-photoelectric unit comprises a plurality of micro-photoelectric elements, one of which is the sensing element, and another of which is a light-emitting element. An electronic device as described in claim 13 or 14, wherein a plurality of adjacent micro-photoelectric units form a micro-photoelectric unit group; in each of the micro-photoelectric unit groups, the micro-photoelectric element in one of the micro-photoelectric units senses the light emission of the micro-photoelectric element in another micro-photoelectric unit. An electronic device as described in claim 15, wherein two adjacent micro-photoelectric units are one unit apart, and the unit between the two adjacent micro-photoelectric units is defined as at least one positive integer display pixel; the sensing range of the light emitted by one of the micro-photoelectric elements is M units; in the same micro-photoelectric unit group, the micro-photoelectric element of one of the micro-photoelectric units emits light, and the micro-photoelectric element in another micro-photoelectric unit that is N units apart senses it; M and N are positive integers or zero; M is greater than N. An electronic device as described in claim 16, wherein the distance between two adjacent micro-photoelectric unit groups is M+N+1 units. An electronic device as described in claim 15, wherein in each of the micro-photoelectric unit groups, the micro-photoelectric units emit light in sequence. The electronic device as described in claim 1, wherein the micro-photoelectric element in some of the micro-photoelectric units includes the sensing element; and the micro-photoelectric element in another part of the micro-photoelectric units includes a light-emitting element. An electronic device as described in claim 1, wherein the micro-photoelectric element in some of the micro-photoelectric units includes a sensing element; and the micro-photoelectric element in another part of the micro-photoelectric units includes another sensing element. An electronic device as described in claim 1, wherein the micro-photoelectric element in some of the micro-photoelectric units includes a light-emitting element; and the micro-photoelectric element in another part of the micro-photoelectric units includes another light-emitting element. The electronic device as described in claim 1 further includes: a matrix circuit electrically connected to the micro-photoelectric units, and a biometric recognition or touch integrated circuit element electrically connected to the matrix circuit.

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