TWI731346B - 化合物用於製備預防、治療或改善疼痛的藥物的用途 - Google Patents
化合物用於製備預防、治療或改善疼痛的藥物的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI731346B TWI731346B TW108121604A TW108121604A TWI731346B TW I731346 B TWI731346 B TW I731346B TW 108121604 A TW108121604 A TW 108121604A TW 108121604 A TW108121604 A TW 108121604A TW I731346 B TWI731346 B TW I731346B
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Abstract
本發明提供式I化合物在製備預防、治療或改善疼痛的藥物中的用途。
Description
本發明涉及專利申請PCT/US2016/021581、專利申請PCT/US2016/025665和專利申請PCT/US2016/062114中公開的化合物在製備預防、治療或改善疼痛的藥物中的用途。
疼痛是一種因實際的或潛在的組織損傷而產生的痛苦感覺,既是機體的一種保護性反應,也是臨床許多疾病的常見症狀。
疼痛的治療在醫學上是非常重要的。傳統鎮痛藥物主要包括阿片類藥物和非甾體抗炎藥。阿片類藥物是從阿片(罌粟)中提取的生物鹼及體內外的衍生物,其與中樞特異性受體相互作用,能緩解疼痛,鎮痛作用強;但是長期使用易導致耐受性、依賴性和成癮性,並有呼吸抑制、中樞鎮靜等不良反應,目前用於急性銳痛和癌性劇痛等。非甾體抗炎藥是一類不含有甾體結構的抗炎藥,具有抗炎、抗風濕、止痛、退熱和抗凝血等作用,在臨床上廣泛用於骨關節炎、類風濕性關節炎、多種發熱和各種疼痛症狀的緩解;但是僅發揮中等程度鎮痛作用,適用於輕度和中度的慢性鈍痛,但對直接刺激感覺末梢引起的銳痛無效,此外還具有消化道出血和心臟毒性等不良反應。
因此本領域仍需要開發新型的鎮痛藥物。
為了解決上述技術問題,本發明基於專利申請PCT/US2016/021581(WO2016/145092)、專利申請PCT/US2016/025665(WO2016/161342)和專利申請PCT/US2016/062114(WO2017/087428)中公開的化合物或者這些化合物的藥學上可接受的鹽或溶劑合物,提供所述化合物或者其藥學上可接受的鹽或溶劑合物在製備預防、治療或改善疼痛的藥物中的用途。
已經證明,專利申請PCT/US2016/021581、PCT/US2016/025665和PCT/US2016/062114中公開的化合物作為國際首創的、高度腫瘤選擇性的小分子靶向治療藥物,在多種臨床前細胞和動物模型中已表現出非常出色的抗癌效果。這些化合物作為醛酮還原酶AKR1C3特異性底物,可僅在AKR1C3高表達的癌細胞內快速有效地還原,從而釋放細胞毒素導致高選擇性的癌細胞殺傷藥效。
研發團隊構想,由於上述發明申請公開的化合物作為醛酮還原酶AKR1C3特異性底物(以下簡稱特異性底物),其實際是一種抗癌烷化劑前藥,其特異性的在醛酮還原酶AKR1C3的作用下被活化並代謝得到具有細胞毒性的烷化劑,以AST-2870(化合物AST-3424的消旋體,其中AST-2870有兩種異構體,S構型的化合物異構體為AST-3424,R構型的化合物異構體為AST-3423;上述PCT/US2016/021581中公開的化合物TH-2870)為例:
也就是說,醛酮還原酶AKR1C3需要和特異性底物結合。
根據研究文獻(Samad T A,Moore K A,Sapirstein A,et al.Interleukin-1[beta]-mediated induction of Cox-2 in the CNS contributes to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity[J].Nature,2001,410(6827):471-5.;Baojian Z,Yanbing Y,Gele A,et al.Tanshinone IIA Attenuates Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain in Experimental Rats Via Inhibiting Inflammation[J].Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine,2018,2018:1-8.;Lovering A,Ride J,Bunce C,et al.Crystal Structures of Prostaglandin D2 11-Ketoreductase(AKR1C3)in Complex with the Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Flufenamic Acid and Indomethacin[J].Cancer Research,2004,64(5):1802-1810.;Matsuura K,Shiraishi H,Hara A,et al.Identification of a principal mRNA speeies for human 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isoform (AKR1C3)that exhibits high prostaglandin D2 11-ketoreductase activity.[J].Journal of Biochemistry,1998,124(5):940-6.)可知醛酮還原酶AKR1C3在前列腺素H2/D2轉化為前列腺素E2/F2的生化路徑中扮演重要的催化作用:
發明人設想,由於特異性底物能夠和醛酮還原酶AKR1C3結合,能不能成為醛酮還原酶AKR1C3的抑制劑,從而發揮
降低前列腺素E2/F2水平,起到預防、治療或改善癌症或炎症引起的疼痛的作用呢?
對於以上設想,發明人設計了實驗進行驗證,實驗證實上述的特異性底物即以過表達醛酮還原酶AKR1C3為標靶的DNA烷化劑能抑制醛酮還原酶AKR1C3的活性,而且動物實驗證實,其能降低血液中的前列腺素E2/F2的含量,據此,可以證明上述的特異性底物具有止疼作用。
關於上述化合物的止疼作用,特別是它們在製備預防、治療或改善癌症或炎症引起的疼痛的藥物中的用途,本發明提供的技術方案如下。
其中,X10是O、S、SO或SO2;A是C6-C10芳基或取代芳基、5-15員雜芳基或取代
雜芳基、或-N=CR1R2;其中,R1和R2各自獨立地是氫、C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基、醚、-CONR13R14或-NR13COR14;X、Y和Z各自獨立地是氫、CN、鹵基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基、醚、-CONR13R14或-NR13COR14;R是氫、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基、醚、-CONR13R14或-NR13COR14;R13和R14各自獨立地是氫、C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基、或醚,或者R13和R14與其所鍵結的氮原子一起形成5-7員雜環基;T包含胺基磷酸酯烷化劑;且其中所述烷基、烯基、炔基、環烷基、芳基、雜環、雜芳基、醚基視情況經取代。
其餘變量如上文所定義。
或者,X10是S。
更佳地,在所述化合物中,T是OP(Z1)(NR30CH2CH2X1)2、OP(Z1)(NR30 2)(N(CH2CH2X1)2)、OP(Z1)(N(CH2)2)2或OP(Z1)(N(CH2CH2X1)2)2,其中R30各自獨立地是氫或C1-C6烷基,或2個R30基團與其所鍵結的氮原子一起形成5-7員雜環基,Z1是O或S,且X1是Cl、Br或OMs或其他離去基團。
進一步較佳地,在所述化合物中,T是OP(Z1)(NHCH2CH2Cl)2、OP(Z1)(NHCH2CH2Br)2、OP(Z1)(NH2)(N(CH2CH2X1)2)、OP(Z1)(N(CH2)2)2或OP(Z1)(N(CH2CH2Cl)2)2,其中Z1是O或S,且X1是Cl、Br或OMs。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,Z1是O或S。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,T是OP(O)(N(CH2CH2))2、OP(O)(NHCH2CH2Cl)2、OP(O)(NHCH2CH2Br)2或OP(O)(NH2)(N(CH2CH2Cl)2)。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,Z是氫。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,X是氫。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,Y是氫或鹵基。
較佳地,在所述化合物中,A是視情況經取代的C6-C10芳基。
更佳地,在所述化合物中,A是視情況經取代的苯基。
較佳地,在所述化合物中,A是視情況經取代的5-15員雜芳基。
更佳地,在所述化合物中,A是視情況經取代的吡啶基。
更佳地,在所述化合物中,A是-N=CR1R2,其中R1和R2如上文所定義。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,R是氫。
較佳地,在所述化合物中,R是C1-C6烷基。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,R是甲基。關於本文所述用途,所述化合物包括個別非鏡像異構物及其他幾何異構物及鏡像異構物、及鏡像異構物、非鏡像異構物及除非鏡像異構物以外的幾何異構物的混合物。
本發明上文所示式I化合物見PCT申請PCT/US2016/021581,其國際公開文本為WO2016/145092,對應的中國專利申請為CN201680015078.8,其該公開文本為CN107530556A,該專利申請的全部內容以引用方式併入本文。在該PCT申請中,就化合物的通式結構、基團取代情況、較佳通式結構、較佳具體化合物等等均進行了詳細說明,所涉及到的全部內容均在此引用。因此,本發明就上文所示化合物或者其藥學上可接受的鹽或溶劑合物在製備用於預防、治療或改善疼痛的藥物中的用途涵蓋了PCT申請PCT/US2016/021581中提供的關於化合物或者其藥學上可接受的鹽或溶劑合物的全部內容。
其中X10是O、S、SO或SO2;A是C6-C10芳基或取代芳基、5-15員雜芳基或取代雜芳基、或-N=CR1R2;其中,R1和R2各自獨立地是氫、C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基、醚、-CONR13R14或-NR13COR14;X、Y和Z各自獨立地是氫、CN、鹵基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基、醚、-CONR13R14或-NR13COR14;每個R獨立地是氫、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基、醚、-CONR13R14或-NR13COR14;R13和R14各自獨立地是氫、C1-C6烷基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基、或醚,或者R13和R14與其所鍵結的氮原子一起形成5-7員雜環基;L1和D定義如下:L1選自:
其中,R40和R41獨立地是氫、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C16芳基、4-15員雜環、或5-15員雜芳基;R42是視情況經1-3個C1-C6烷基取代的C2-C3伸烷基或伸雜烷基;V(-)為任何陰離子,較佳為醫藥學上可接受的陰離子;和
D是使得D-OH為抗癌藥物的部分,其中OH為脂族羥基或酚羥基,或為如本文提供的附接至磷原子的OH部分;換言之,D是抗癌藥物D-OH脫去羥基後剩餘的基團;或者L1為:
其中R40如上文所定義,R43為氫或與D一起形成雜環,且苯基部分視情況經取代;和D是使得D-NR43H為抗癌藥物的部分;換言之,D是抗癌藥物D-NR43H脫去氨基或胺後剩餘的基團;或者L1是鍵、-O-C(R40R41)2-、
-O-C(R40R41)-NR40R41(+)-C(R40R41)-或
其中R40、R41和V如上文所定義;和D是含有一級胺或二級胺的抗癌藥物,其中該一級胺或該二級胺鍵接至L1;且其中所述烷基、烯基、炔基、環烷基、芳基、雜環、雜芳基、醚基視情況經取代。
其餘變量如上文所定義。
在另一實施例中,X10為S。
其餘變量如上文所定義,且D是含有一級胺基或二級胺基的細胞毒性劑HNR43-D的一部分;換言之,D是細胞毒性劑HNR43-D脫去一級胺基或二級胺基後剩餘的基團。
其餘變量如上文所定義,且D是含有至少一個羥基的細胞毒性劑HO-D的一部分;換言之,D是細胞毒性劑HO-D脫去羥基後剩餘的基團。
其餘變量如上文所定義;其中,IIA-4中,HO-D為含有至少一個羥基的細胞毒性劑;換言之,D是含有至少一個羥基的細胞毒性劑HO-D的一部分,或者說D是細胞毒性劑HO-D脫去羥基後剩餘的基團;在IIA-6-i中,DNR40R41是藥物;換言之,D是使得DNR40R41為抗癌藥物的部分,或者D是抗癌藥物DNR40R41脫離NR40R41的部分;且在IIA-6中,D是含有二級胺的藥物,其中該二級胺鍵接至亞甲基,換言之,D是含有二級胺的藥物,且藉由其含有的二級胺鍵接至亞甲基、進而與-NR40R41相連,如以上所示。
其餘變量如上文所定義;其中,在IIA-5中,DNR40R41是藥物;換言之,D是使得DNR40R41為抗癌藥物的部分,或者D是抗癌藥物DNR40R41脫離NR40R41的部分;在IIA-7中,D是含有二級胺的藥物,其中該二級胺鍵接至亞甲基,如以上所示。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,Z是氫。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,X是氫。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,Y是氫或鹵基。
較佳地,在所述化合物中,A是視情況經取代的C6-C10芳基。
更佳地,在所述化合物中,A是視情況經取代的苯基。
較佳地,在所述化合物中,A是視情況經取代的5-15員雜芳基。
更佳地,在所述化合物中,A是視情況經取代的吡啶基。
更佳地,在所述化合物中,A是-N=CR1R2,其中R1和R2如上文所定義。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,每個R是氫。
較佳地,在所述化合物中,R基團中的一個是氫且另一個是C1-C6烷基,或其中R基團均是如上文所定義的非氫取代基。
根據本發明的具體實施方式,在所述化合物中,R是甲基。
較佳地,在所述化合物中,R40、R41和R43各自獨立地是氫或甲基,且R42是-CH2-CH2-或CH2-C(Me)2-。
特別地,如本文中所用,D不包括胺基磷酸酯烷基化劑,諸如-P(Z1)(NR30CH2CH2X1)2、-P(Z1)(NR30 2)(N(CH2CH2X1)2)、-P(Z1)(N(CH2CH2))2或-P(Z1)(N(CH2CH2X1)2)2,其中每個R30獨立地是氫或C1-C6烷基,或2個R30與其所結合的氮原子一起形成5-7員雜環基,Z1是O或S,且X1是Cl、Br或OMs,或另一離去基團。
關於本文所述用途,所述化合物包括個別非鏡像異構物及其他幾何異構物及鏡像異構物、及鏡像異構物、非鏡像異構物及除非鏡像異構物以外的幾何異構物的混合物。
本發明上文所示式II化合物見PCT申請PCT/US2016/025665,其國際公開文本為WO2016/161342,對應的中國申請為CN201680020013.2,其公開文本為CN108136214A,該專利申請的全部內容以引用方式併入本文。在該PCT申請中,就化合物的通式結構、基團取代情況、較佳通式結構、較佳具體化合物等等均進行了詳細說明,所涉及到的全部內容均在此引用。因此,本發明就上文所示化合物或者其藥學上可接受的鹽或溶劑合物在製備用於預防、治療或改善疼痛的藥物中的用途涵蓋了PCT申請PCT/US2016/025665中提供的關於化合物或者其藥學上可接受的鹽或溶劑合物的全部內容。
關於本文所述用途,所述化合物還可以鹽的形式使用,即本發明提供所示化合物的藥學上可接受的鹽在製備用於預防、治療或改善疼痛的藥物中的用途。其中,所述鹽可以為鹼式鹽,包括所述化合物與無機鹼(例如鹼金屬氫氧化物、鹼土金屬氫氧化物等)或與有機鹼(例如單乙醇胺、二乙醇胺或三乙醇胺等)形成的鹽。或者,所述鹽可以為酸式鹽,包括所述化合物與無機酸(例如鹽酸、氫溴酸、氫碘酸、硝酸、高氯酸、硫酸或磷酸等)或與有機酸(例如甲磺酸、三氟甲磺酸、乙磺酸、苯磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、富馬酸、草酸、馬來酸、檸檬酸等)形成的鹽。選擇和製備化合物的可接受的鹽和溶劑化物等是本領域公知技術。
關於本文所述用途,所述化合物還可以溶劑合物的形式使用,即本發明提供所示化合物的藥學上可接受的溶劑合物在製備用於預防、治療或改善疼痛的藥物中的用途。其中,所述溶劑合物為水合物、醇合物等。
關於本文所述用途,所述疼痛為癌症引起的疼痛,癌症包括但不限於:肺癌、非小細胞肺癌、肝癌、胰腺癌、胃癌、骨癌、食道癌、乳房癌、前列腺癌、睾丸癌、結腸癌、卵巢癌、膀胱癌、子宮頸
癌、黑色素瘤、鱗狀細胞癌、基底細胞癌、腺癌、汗腺癌、皮脂腺癌、乳頭狀癌、乳頭狀腺癌、囊性腺癌、囊性癌、髓狀癌、支氣管癌、骨細胞癌、上皮癌、膽管癌、絨毛膜癌、胚癌、精原細胞癌、維爾姆斯癌、膠質細胞癌、星形細胞瘤、成神經管細胞瘤、顱咽管瘤、室管膜瘤、松果體瘤、成血細胞瘤、聲帶神經瘤、腦膜瘤、成神經細胞瘤、成視神經細胞瘤、成視網膜細胞瘤、神經纖維瘤、纖維肉瘤、成纖維細胞瘤、纖維瘤、纖維腺瘤、纖維軟骨瘤、纖維囊瘤、纖維黏液瘤、纖維骨瘤、纖維黏液肉瘤、纖維乳頭狀瘤、黏液肉瘤、黏液囊瘤、黏液軟骨瘤、黏液軟骨肉瘤、黏液軟骨纖維肉瘤、黏液腺瘤、成黏液細胞瘤、脂肉瘤、脂肪瘤、脂肪腺瘤、成脂細胞瘤、脂肪軟骨瘤、脂肪纖維瘤、脂肪血管瘤、黏液脂瘤、軟骨肉瘤、軟骨瘤、軟骨肌瘤、脊索瘤、絨毛膜腺瘤、絨毛上皮瘤、成絨毛膜細胞瘤、骨肉瘤、成骨細胞瘤、骨軟骨纖維瘤、骨軟骨肉瘤、骨軟骨瘤、骨囊瘤、骨牙質瘤、骨纖維瘤、骨纖維肉瘤、血管肉瘤、血管瘤、血管脂肪瘤、血管軟骨瘤、成血管細胞瘤、血管角質瘤、血管神經膠質瘤、血管內皮瘤、血管纖維瘤、血管肌瘤、血管脂肪瘤、血管淋巴管瘤、血管脂肪平滑肌瘤、血管肌脂瘤、血管肌神經瘤、血管黏液瘤、血管網狀內皮瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、淋巴肉芽瘤、淋巴管瘤、淋巴瘤、淋巴黏液瘤、淋巴肉瘤、淋巴管纖維瘤、淋巴細胞瘤、淋巴上皮瘤、成淋巴細胞瘤、內皮瘤、成內皮細胞瘤、滑膜瘤、滑膜肉瘤、間皮瘤、結締組織瘤、尤因瘤、平滑肌瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、成平滑肌瘤、平滑肌纖維瘤、橫紋肌瘤、橫紋肌肉瘤、橫紋肌黏液瘤、急性淋巴白血病、急性骨髓性白血病、慢性病細胞、紅細胞增多症、淋巴瘤、子宮內膜癌、膠質瘤、結直腸癌、甲狀腺癌、尿路上皮癌或多發性骨髓瘤。
顯然根據以上本申請發明人的實驗證實以及相關研究文
獻可知,關於本文所述用途,所述疼痛為炎症引起的疼痛。
關於本文所述用途,所製得的藥物還可包含與所示化合物聯合使用的其他化合物或藥劑。其他化合物或藥劑也可用於預防、治療或改善疼痛。
關於本文所述用途,所製得的藥物包含特定劑量範圍的所示化合物或其鹽或溶劑合物,和/或,所製得的藥物為特定劑型、特定給藥方式施用。
用於預防、治療或改善疼痛的藥物或該藥物中包含的所示化合物或其鹽或溶劑合物的劑量通常取決於施用的具體化合物、患者、具體疾病或病症及其嚴重程度、給藥途徑和頻率等,並且需要由主治醫師根據具體情況判定。例如,在藉由口服途徑施用本發明提供的化合物或藥物時,其劑量可為0.1至30mg/7天,較佳1至10mg/7天,進一步較佳5mg/天;所述劑量可以分每7天1至2次給藥,較佳1次。
關於本文所述用途,所製得的藥物還可包含藥學上可接受的輔料或賦形劑。所述藥物可以為臨床施用的任何劑型,例如片劑、栓劑、分散片、腸溶片、咀嚼片、口崩片、膠囊、糖衣劑、顆粒劑、乾粉劑、口服溶液劑、注射用小針、注射用凍乾粉針或大輸液。根據具體劑型和施用方式,所述藥物中的藥學上可接受的輔料或賦形劑可以包括下述的一種或多種:稀釋劑、增溶劑、崩解劑、懸浮劑、潤滑劑、黏合劑、填充劑、矯味劑、甜味劑、抗氧化劑、表面活性劑、防腐劑、包裹劑、和色素等。
基於本發明提供的所述用途,本發明還涉及一種疼痛的預防、治療或改善方法,所述方法包括向有此需要的受試者施用預防、治療或改善有效量的本發明所示化合物或者其藥學上可接受的鹽或溶
劑合物。較佳地,所述受試者是哺乳動物,更佳是人。所述疼痛為癌症引起的疼痛,癌症包括但不限於:肺癌、非小細胞肺癌、肝癌、胰腺癌、胃癌、骨癌、食道癌、乳房癌、前列腺癌、睾丸癌、結腸癌、卵巢癌、膀胱癌、子宮頸癌、黑色素瘤、鱗狀細胞癌、基底細胞癌、腺癌、汗腺癌、皮脂腺癌、乳頭狀癌、乳頭狀腺癌、囊性腺癌、囊性癌、髓狀癌、支氣管癌、骨細胞癌、上皮癌、膽管癌、絨毛膜癌、胚癌、精原細胞癌、維爾姆斯癌、膠質細胞癌、星形細胞瘤、成神經管細胞瘤、顱咽管瘤、室管膜瘤、松果體瘤、成血細胞瘤、聲帶神經瘤、腦膜瘤、成神經細胞瘤、成視神經細胞瘤、成視網膜細胞瘤、神經纖維瘤、纖維肉瘤、成纖維細胞瘤、纖維瘤、纖維腺瘤、纖維軟骨瘤、纖維囊瘤、纖維黏液瘤、纖維骨瘤、纖維黏液肉瘤、纖維乳頭狀瘤、黏液肉瘤、黏液囊瘤、黏液軟骨瘤、黏液軟骨肉瘤、黏液軟骨纖維肉瘤、黏液腺瘤、成黏液細胞瘤、脂肉瘤、脂肪瘤、脂肪腺瘤、成脂細胞瘤、脂肪軟骨瘤、脂肪纖維瘤、脂肪血管瘤、黏液脂瘤、軟骨肉瘤、軟骨瘤、軟骨肌瘤、脊索瘤、絨毛膜腺瘤、絨毛上皮瘤、成絨毛膜細胞瘤、骨肉瘤、成骨細胞瘤、骨軟骨纖維瘤、骨軟骨肉瘤、骨軟骨瘤、骨囊瘤、骨牙質瘤、骨纖維瘤、骨纖維肉瘤、血管肉瘤、血管瘤、血管脂肪瘤、血管軟骨瘤、成血管細胞瘤、血管角質瘤、血管神經膠質瘤、血管內皮瘤、血管纖維瘤、血管肌瘤、血管脂肪瘤、血管淋巴管瘤、血管脂肪平滑肌瘤、血管肌脂瘤、血管肌神經瘤、血管黏液瘤、血管網狀內皮瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、淋巴肉芽瘤、淋巴管瘤、淋巴瘤、淋巴黏液瘤、淋巴肉瘤、淋巴管纖維瘤、淋巴細胞瘤、淋巴上皮瘤、成淋巴細胞瘤、內皮瘤、成內皮細胞瘤、滑膜瘤、滑膜肉瘤、間皮瘤、結締組織瘤、尤因瘤、平滑肌瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、成平滑肌瘤、平滑肌纖維瘤、橫紋肌瘤、橫紋肌肉瘤、橫紋肌黏液瘤、急性淋巴
白血病、急性骨髓性白血病、慢性病細胞、紅細胞增多症、淋巴瘤、子宮內膜癌、膠質瘤、結直腸癌、甲狀腺癌、尿路上皮癌或多發性骨髓瘤。
基於本發明提供的所述用途,本發明還提供一種含有上文定義的式I或式II化合物且用於預防、治療或改善癌症或炎症引起的疼痛的藥物。
基於本發明提供的所述用途,本發明還提供一種治療癌症或炎症引起的疼痛的方法,其包含施加上述的藥物的步驟;以及使用AKR1C3抗體測定患者的癌細胞的AKR1C3還原酶含量的步驟,若測得該AKR1C3還原酶含量等於或大於預定值,則向該患者投與上述的藥物。
圖1為AST-3424是否施加對還原黃體酮生成過程的影響實驗。
以下參照具體的實施例來說明本發明。本領域具有通常知識者能夠理解,這些實施例僅用於說明本發明,其不以任何方式限制本發明的範圍。
下述實施例中的實驗方法,如無特殊說明,均為常規方法。下述實施例中所用的藥材原料、試劑材料等,如無特殊說明,均為市售購買產品。
本發明所示化合物以及合成方法見專利申請PCT/US2016/021581(WO2016/145092)、專利申請
PCT/US2016/025665(WO2016/161342)和專利申請PCT/US2016/062114(WO2017/087428)。
提供以下定義以幫助閱讀者。除非另有定義,否則本文所用的所有業內術語、符號及其他科學或醫學術語或術語學均意欲具有熟習化學及醫學領域的技術者通常所瞭解的含義。在一些情形下,為清楚和/或供及時參考,具有通常所瞭解含義的術語定義於本文中,且本文中此等定義的納入不應解釋為表示與如業內通常所瞭解的術語的定義有實質差異。
所有數值指定(例如pH、溫度、時間、濃度及重量)(包括其中每一者的範圍)通常可為適當以0.1、1.0或10.0的增量改變(+)或(-)的近似值。所有數值指定均可理解為前面有術語「約」。本文所述試劑為實例性的且此等的同等物可為業內所已知。
基團前的「Cx-Cy」或「Cx-y」是指存在於該基團中的碳原子數目的範圍。舉例而言,C1-C6烷基是指具有至少1個且最多6個碳原子的烷基。
「烷氧基」是指-O-烷基。
「胺基」是指NRpRq,其中Rp及Rq獨立是氫或C1-C6烷基,或Rp及Rq與其所鍵結的氮原子一起形成4-15員雜環。
「芳基」是指具有6至14個碳原子且不含環雜原子且具有單環(例如,苯基)或多個縮合(稠合)環(例如,萘基或蒽基)的芳香族基團。對於包括不具有環雜原子之具有芳香族環及非芳香族環之稠合、橋連及螺環系統之多環系統而言,當附接點位於芳香族碳原子處時,術語「芳基」或「Ar」適用(例如,5,6,7,8四氫萘-2-基是芳基,此乃因其附接點是位於芳香族苯基環的2位處)。
根據本申請的具體實施方式,C6-C10芳基可以是苯基、萘基及各種取代的苯基或萘基。
「雜芳基」是指具有1至14個碳原子及1至6個選自由氧、氮及硫組成的群的雜原子的芳香族基團且包括單環(例如咪唑基-2-基及咪唑-5-基)及多環系統(例如咪唑並吡啶基、苯並三唑基、苯並咪唑-2-基及苯並咪唑-6-基)。對於包括具有芳香族及非芳香族環的稠合、橋連及螺環系統的多環系統而言,若存在至少一個環雜原子且附接點是位於芳香族環的原子處,則應用術語「雜芳基」(例如1,2,3,4-四氫喹啉-6-基及5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基)。在一些實施例中,雜芳基的氮和/或硫環原子視情況經氧化以提供N-氧化物(N→O)、亞磺醯基或磺醯基部分。術語雜芳基或5-15員雜芳基包括(但不限於)吖啶基、吖辛因基(azocinyl)、苯並咪唑基、苯並呋喃基、苯並硫代呋喃基、苯並苯硫基(benzothiophenyl)、苯並[口咢]唑基、苯並噻唑基、苯並三唑基、苯並四唑基、苯並異[口咢]唑基、苯並異噻唑基、苯並噻吩基(benzothienyl)、苯並咪唑啉基、哢唑基、NH-哢唑基、哢啉基、苯並二氫吡喃基(chromanyl)、苯並吡喃基(chromenyl)、[口辛]啉基(cinnolinyl)、二噻[口井][口井]基、呋喃基、呋[口山]基、咪唑啶基、咪唑啉基、咪唑並吡啶基、咪唑基、吲唑基、二氫吲哚基(indolenyl)、吲哚啉基、吲[口井]基、吲哚基、異苯並呋喃基、異苯並二氫吡喃基(isochromanyl)、異吲唑基、異吲哚啉基、異吲哚基、異喹啉基(isoquinolinyl)、異喹啉基(isoquinolyl)、異噻唑基、異[口咢]唑基、萘啶基、八氫異喹啉基、[口咢]二唑基、[口咢]唑啶基、[口咢]唑基、嘧啶基、啡啶基、啡啉基、吩[口井]基、吩噻[口井]基、吩[口咢]噻基、吩[口咢][口井]基、酞[口井]基、六氫吡[口井]基、蝶啶基、嘌呤基、
吡喃基、吡[口井]基、吡唑啶基、吡唑啉基、吡唑基、唑[口井]基、吡啶並[口咢]唑基、吡啶並咪唑基、吡啶並噻唑基、吡啶基(pyridinyl)、吡啶基(pyridyl)、嘧啶基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、喹喏啉基、奎寧環基、四氫異喹啉基、四氫喹啉基、四唑基、噻二[口井]基、噻二唑基、噻蒽基、噻唑基、噻吩基(thienyl)、噻吩並噻唑基、噻吩並[口咢]唑基、噻吩並咪唑基、苯硫基(thiophenyl)、三[口井]基及[口山][口星]基。
「烷基」是指具有1至10個碳原子且在一些實施例中具有1至6個碳原子的單價飽和脂肪族烴基。「Cx-y烷基」是指具有x至y個碳原子的烷基。此術語包括(舉例而言)直鏈及具支鏈烴基,例如甲基(CH3-)、乙基(CH3CH2-)、正丙基(CH3CH2CH2-)、異丙基((CH3)2CH-)、正丁基(CH3CH2CH2CH2-)、異丁基((CH3)2CHCH2-)、第二丁基((CH3)(CH3CH2)CH-)、第三丁基((CH3)3C-)、正戊基(CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2-)及新戊基((CH3)3CCH2-)。
「環烷基」是指具有3至14個碳原子且沒有環雜原子且具有單環或包括稠合、橋連及螺環系統的多環的飽和或部分飽和環狀基團。對於不具有環雜原子的具有芳香族及非芳香族環的多環系統而言,當附接點是位於非芳香族碳原子處時,術語「環烷基」適用(例如5,6,7,8-四氫萘-5-基)。術語「環烷基」或C3-C8環烷基包括環烯基。環烷基或C3-C8環烷基的實例包括(例如)金剛烷基、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環辛基及環己烯基。
「雜環狀」或「雜環」或「雜環烷基」或「雜環基」是指具有1至14個碳原子及1至6個選自由氮、硫或氧組成的群的雜原子的飽和或部分飽和環狀基團且包括單環及包括稠合、橋連及螺環系統
的多環系統。對於具有芳香族及/或非芳香族環的多環系統而言,當存在至少一個環雜原子且附接點是位於非芳香族環的原子處時,術語「雜環狀」、「雜環」、「雜環烷基」或「雜環基」適用(例如1,2,3,4-四氫喹啉-3-基、5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-6-基及十氫喹啉-6-基)。在一些實施例中,此處雜環基是3-15員、4-14員、5-13員、7-12或5-7員雜環。在一些其他實施例中,雜環含有4個雜原子。在一些其他實施例中,雜環含有3個雜原子。在另一實施例中,雜環含有最多2個雜原子。在一些實施例中,雜環基的氮及/或硫原子視情況經氧化以提供N-氧化物、亞磺醯基、磺醯基部分。雜環基包括(但不限於)四氫吡喃基、六氫吡啶基、N-甲基六氫吡啶-3-基、六氫吡[口井]基、N-甲基吡咯啶-3-基、3-吡咯啶基、2-吡咯啶酮-1-基、[口末]啉基及吡咯啶基。指示碳原子數的前綴(例如,C3-10)是指雜環基部分中除雜原子數之外的總碳原子數。二價雜環基將具有適當調整的氫含量。
「醚」是指經1-3個C1-C6烷氧基取代的C1-C6烷基。烷氧基是指-O-烷基。
「鹵基」是指氟、氯、溴及碘中的一或多者。
「烯基」是指具有2至10個碳原子且在一些實施例中2至6個碳原子或2至4個碳原子且具有至少1個乙烯基不飽和位點(>C=<)的直鏈或具支鏈烴基。舉例而言,Cx-y烯基是指具有x至y個碳原子的烯基且意欲包括(例如)乙烯基、丙烯基、1,3-丁二烯基及諸如此類。
「炔基」是指2至10個碳原子且在一些實施例中2至6個碳原子或2至4個碳原子且含有至少一個三鍵的直鏈單價烴基或具支鏈單價烴基。術語「炔基」亦意欲包括具有一個三鍵及一個雙鍵的這
些烴基。舉例而言,C2-6炔基包括乙炔基、丙炔基及諸如此類。
「胺基磷酸酯烷化劑」是指包含一或多個鍵結至-O-P(Z1)部分的Z5-X5-Y5部分的烷化劑,其中Z5是諸如氮、硫或氧等雜原子,X5是視情況經取代的伸乙基,Y5是鹵基或另一離去基,或Z5-X5-Y5一起形成氮丙啶基(NCH2CH2)部分且Z1如上文所定義。此一烷化劑可與DNA或另一核酸或蛋白質反應。在一些情形下,烷化劑可交聯DNA。
術語「視情況經取代」是指經取代或未經取代的基團。基團可經一或多個取代基(例如1、2、3、4或5個取代基)取代。較佳地,取代基選自由以下組成的群:側氧基、鹵基、-CN、NO2、-N2+、-CO2R100、-OR100、-SR100、-SOR100、-SO2R100、-NR100SO2R100、-NR101R102、-CONR101R102、-SO2NR101R102、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、-CR100=C(R100)2、-CCR100、C3-C10環烷基、C3-C10雜環基、C6-C12芳基及C2-C12雜芳基或諸如-O-(CH2)-O-、-O-(CH2)2-O-及其1-4個甲基經取代的形式等二價取代基,其中R100、R101及R102各自獨立是氫或C1-C8烷基、C3-C12環烷基、C3-C10雜環基、C6-C12芳基、或C2-C12雜芳基;或R100及R102與其附接至的氮原子一起形成5-7員雜環;其中烷基、環烷基、雜環基、芳基或雜芳基各自視情況經1-3個鹵基、1-3個C1-C6烷基、1-3個C1-C6鹵烷基或1-3個C1-C6烷氧基取代。較佳地,取代基選自由以下組成的群:氯、氟、-OCH3、甲基、乙基、異丙基、環丙基、-CO2H及其鹽及C1-C6烷基酯、CONMe2、CONHMe、CONH2、-SO2Me、-SO2NH2、-SO2NMe2、-SO2NHMe、-NHSO2Me、-NHSO2CF3、-NHSO2CH2Cl、-NH2、-OCF3、-CF3及-OCHF2。
「伸烷基」(Alkylene)是指具有1至10個碳原子且在一些實施例中具有1至6個碳原子的二價飽和脂肪族烴基。「Cu-v伸烷基」是指具有u至v個碳原子的伸烷基。亞烷基(Alkylidene)及伸烷基(Alkylene)包括具支鏈及直鏈烴基。舉例而言,「C1-C6伸烷基」包括亞甲基、伸乙基、伸丙基、2-甲基伸丙基、伸戊基及諸如此類。
「伸雜烷基」是指其中鏈碳原子經諸如O、S、N或P等雜原子或含有雜原子的取代基替代的伸烷基。
在本文中關於D所述的「藥物」包括(但不限於)吉西他濱(gemcitabine)、厄洛替尼(erlotinib)、美妥替哌(meturedepa)、烏瑞替派(uredepa)、六甲蜜胺(altretamine)、伊馬替尼(imatinib)、三亞乙基密胺(triethylenemelamine)、三甲密胺、苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、萘氮芥(chlornaphazine)、雌氮芥(estramustine)、吉非替尼(gefitinib)、甲基二(氯乙基)胺(mechlorethamine)、氮芥氧化物鹽酸鹽、美法侖(melphalan)、新氮芥(novembichin)、芬司特瑞(phenesterine)、潑尼氮芥(prednimustine)、曲磷胺(trofosfamide)、尿嘧啶氮芥(uracil mustard)、卡莫司汀(carmustine)、氯脲菌素(chlorozotocin)、福莫司汀(fotemustine)、尼莫司汀(nimustine)、雷莫司汀(ranimustine)、達卡巴仁(dacarbazine)、甘露醇氮芥(mannomustine)、二溴甘露醇(mitobronitol)、二溴衛矛醇(mitolactol)、呱泊溴烷(pipobroman)、阿克拉黴素(aclacinomycins)、放射菌素(actinomycin)、安麯黴素(anthramycin)、偶氮絲胺酸(azaserine)、博萊黴素(bleomycin)、放線菌素C(cactinomycin)、卡柔比星(carubicin)、嗜癌菌素(carzinophilin)、色黴素(chromomycin)、放線菌素
D(dactinomycin)、道諾黴素(daunorubicin)、柔紅黴素(daunomycin)、6-重氮-5-側氧基-1-正白胺酸、黴酚酸(mycophenolic acid)、諾加黴素(nogalamycin)、橄欖黴素(olivomycin)、培洛黴素(peplomycin)、普卡黴素(plicamycin)、泊非羅黴素(porfiromycin)、嘌呤黴素(puromycin)、鏈黑黴素(streptonigrin)、鏈脲菌素(streptozocin)、殺結核菌素(tubercidin)、烏苯美司(ubenimex)、淨司他丁(zinostatin)、左柔比星(zorubicin)、迪諾特寧(denopterin)、蝶羅呤(pteropterin)、曲美沙特(trimetrexate)、氟達拉賓(fludarabine)、6-巰基嘌呤、硫米嘌呤(thiamiprine)、硫鳥嘌呤、安西他濱(ancitabine)、阿紮胞苷(azacitidine)、6-氮雜尿苷、卡莫氟(carmofur)、阿糖胞苷(cytarabine)、雙脫氧尿苷(dideoxyuridine)、脫氧氟尿苷(doxifluridine)、依諾他濱(enocitabine)、氟尿苷(floxuridine)、5-氟尿嘧啶、替加氟(tegafur)、L-天冬醯胺酶、百慕時(pulmozyme)、醋葡醛內酯、醛磷醯胺糖苷、胺基乙醯丙酸、安吖啶(amsacrine)、貝斯布西(bestrabucil)、比生群(bisantrene)、得佛醯胺(defofamide)、地美可辛(demecolcine)、地吖醌(diaziquone)、艾弗鳥胺酸(elfornithine)、依利醋銨(elliptinium acetate)、依託格魯(etoglucid)、氟他胺(flutamide)、羥基尿素(hydroxyurea)、干擾素-α、干擾素-β、干擾素-γ、介白素-2、蘑菇多醣(lentinan)、丙脒腙(mitoguazone)、米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone)、莫呱達醇(mopidamol)、二胺硝吖啶(nitracrine)、噴司他丁(pentostatin)、蛋胺氮芥(phenamet)、吡柔比星(pirarubicin)、鬼臼酸(podophyllinic acid)、2-乙基醯肼、丙卡巴肼(procarbazine)、雷佐生(razoxane)、西索菲蘭(sizofiran)、鍺螺胺(spirogermanium)、太平洋紫杉醇(paclitaxel)、
他莫昔芬(tamoxifen)、厄洛替尼(erlotonib)、替尼泊苷(teniposide)、細交鏈孢菌酮酸(tenuazonic acid)、三亞胺醌、2,2',2"-三氯三乙胺、尿烷、長春花鹼(vinblastine)及長春新鹼(vincristine)。
向患者「投與」或「施用」藥物是指直接投與或施用(其可由醫學專業人士向患者投與或施用,或者可自行投與或施用)及/或間接投與或施用,其可是開處方藥物的行為。舉例而言,指示患者自行投與或施用藥物及/或將藥物的處方提供給患者的醫師是向患者投與或施用藥物。
「癌症」是指可藉由侵襲而局部擴展且藉由轉移而全身擴展的潛在無限制生長的白血病、淋巴瘤、癌及其他惡性腫瘤(包括實體腫瘤)。癌症的實例包括(但不限於)腎上腺、骨、腦、乳房、支氣管、結腸及/或直腸、膽囊、頭及頸、腎、喉、肝、肺、神經組織、胰臟、前列腺、副甲狀腺、皮膚、胃及甲狀腺的癌症。癌症的某些其他實例包括急性及慢性淋巴細胞及粒細胞腫瘤、腺癌、腺瘤、基底細胞癌、子宮頸上皮分化不良及原位癌、尤文氏肉瘤、表皮樣癌、巨細胞瘤、多型性神經膠母細胞瘤、毛細胞腫瘤、腸神經節細胞瘤、增生性角膜神經腫瘤、胰島細胞癌、卡波西肉瘤、平滑肌瘤、白血病、淋巴瘤、惡性類癌瘤、惡性黑色素瘤、惡性高鈣血症、馬方樣體型腫瘤、髓樣上皮癌、轉移性皮膚癌、黏膜神經瘤、骨髓瘤、蕈狀肉芽腫、神經胚細胞瘤、骨肉瘤、骨原性及其他肉瘤、卵巢瘤、嗜鉻細胞瘤、真性紅血球增多症、原發性腦瘤、小細胞肺癌、潰瘍型及乳頭型二者的鱗狀細胞癌、增生、精原細胞瘤、軟組織肉瘤、視網膜母細胞瘤、橫紋肌肉瘤、腎細胞腫瘤、局部皮膚病灶、網狀細胞肉瘤及威爾姆氏腫瘤。
「炎症」較佳由於上述花生四烯酸-環氧合酶-前列腺素途
徑的,由前列腺素E2/F2引發疼痛的炎症。
「患者」及「個體」可互換使用,是指需要癌症治療的哺乳動物。通常,患者是人類。通常,患者是診斷患有癌症的人類。在某些實施例中,「患者」或「個體」可指用於篩選、表徵及評估藥物及療法的非人類哺乳動物,例如非人類靈長類動物、狗、貓、兔、豬、小鼠或大鼠。
「前藥」是指投與或施用之後經新陳代謝或以其他方式轉化為關於至少一種性質的生物學活性或活性更高的化合物(或藥物)的化合物。相對於藥物,前藥以使其相對於藥物活性較低或無活性的方式化學修飾,但化學修飾使得在前藥投與之後藉由代謝或其他生物過程產生相應藥物。前藥可相對於活性藥物具有改變的代謝穩定性或輸送特徵、較少副作用或較低毒性或經改良的風味(參見(例如)參考文獻Nogrady,1985,Medicinal Chemistry A Biochemical Approach,Oxford University Press,New York,第388頁至392頁,其以引用式併入本文中)。前藥可使用除相應藥物以外的反應物來合成。
「實體腫瘤」是指包括(但不限於)骨、腦、肝、肺、淋巴結、胰臟、前列腺、皮膚及軟組織(肉瘤)中的轉移腫瘤的實體腫瘤。
藥物的「治療有效量」是指當向患有癌症的患者投與或施用時,將具有預期的治療效應(例如患者中一或多種癌症的臨床表現的緩和、改善、緩解或消除)的藥物的量。治療效應不必藉由投與或施用一個劑量而出現,且可僅在投與或施用一系列劑量後出現。因此,治療有效量可以一或多次來投與或施用。
病況或患者的「治療」是指採取步驟以獲得有益或期望結果(包括臨床結果)。出於本發明的目的,有益或期望臨床結果包括(但
不限於)一或多種癌症症狀的緩和或改善;疾病程度的減弱;疾病進展的延遲或減緩;疾病狀態的改善、緩解或穩定;或其他有益結果。在一些情形下,癌症的治療可使得部分反應或穩定疾病。
「腫瘤細胞」是指任何適當物種(例如,哺乳動物,例如鼠類、犬、貓、馬或人類)的腫瘤細胞。
以上對本發明具體實施方式的描述並不限制本發明,本領域具有通常知識者可以根據本發明作出各種改變或變形,只要不脫離本發明的精神,均應屬於本發明的申請專利範圍的範圍。
以下提供體外實驗和食蟹猴體內實驗來驗證化合物的止痛作用。
一、體外實驗
實驗儀器:
Waters Aequity I Class UPLC超高效液相層析儀配有Xevo G2-XS Q Tof HRMS四極桿飛行時間高分辨率質譜儀。
緩衝液和物料:
1. PBS磷酸緩衝鹽溶液,
2. 20mM NADPH的PBS磷酸緩衝鹽溶液
3. 250μg/mL AKR1C3的PBS磷酸緩衝鹽溶液
4. 250μM AST-3424的50% MeOH/H2O溶液
5. 250μM黃體酮(progesterone)的50% MeOH/H2O溶液
6. 1μg/mL普萘洛爾(propranolol)的100%乙腈溶液
實驗操作流程
步驟1,將反應混合物按照下表一式四份(n=4)製成
Eppendorf管,輕輕混合。
步驟2,將以上一式兩份混合物在37℃下預孵育30分鐘,60分鐘。
步驟3,在每個Eppendorf管中加入另外10μL的20mM NADPH的PBS磷酸緩衝鹽溶液和2μL的250μM黃體酮(progesterone)的50% MeOH/H2O溶液並輕輕混合。
步驟4,立即將以上步驟中的50μL混合物轉移到100μL的1μg/mL普萘洛爾(propranolol,內標IS)的100%乙腈溶液中。
步驟5,將剩餘樣品在37℃下孵育30分鐘,並加入100μL的1μg/mL普萘洛爾(propranolol,內標IS)的100%乙腈溶液。
步驟6,對於所有樣品,加入100μL試劑水,以1100rpm渦旋混合5分鐘,並在室溫下以15000rpm離心10分鐘。
步驟7,將所有樣品加載到LC/MS上以測定還原的黃體酮即20α-二氫孕酮的含量。
LC-MS儀器的測試條件
液相洗脫梯度
四極桿飛行時間質譜參數
步驟8,還原黃體酮(20α-二氫孕酮)的計算:藉由LC/MS測定每種樣品中還原黃體酮即20α-二氫孕酮和普萘洛爾峰面積。計算還原黃體酮與普萘洛爾的峰面積比(即上表中的比率),並將時間為0時的比率設定為0%。
AKR1C3活性(%)=[(樣品標準化後的還原黃體酮量)30min-(樣品標準化後的還原黃體酮量)0min]/[(陰性對照組標準化後的還原黃體酮量)30min-(陰性對照組標準化後還原黃體酮量)0min]
×100。
根據以上計算得到上表的AKR1C3活性結果。
實驗結果
實驗結果分析與總結
AST-3424對AKR1C3活性的影響結果表
AST-3424對還原黃體酮生產過程的影響,如圖1所示。
經過以上的體外實驗證實,預孵育30分鐘和60分鐘後,5μM濃度的AST-3424基本上抑制了AKR1C3活性:與陰性對照相比,還原黃體酮即20α-二氫孕酮的產生分別降低至3.9%和9.2%,證明了AST-3424化合物及其類似的利申請PCT/US2016/021581、PCT/US2016/025665和PCT/US2016/062114中公開的化合物是AKR1C3酶的抑制劑。
二、體內實驗
3隻食蟹猴,按下表進行實驗。
從廣西雄森靈長類開發實驗有限公司購入4隻雄性食蟹猴,所有動物均為體檢合格、無異常的健康食蟹猴。其中3隻用於給藥實驗,其餘的動物用於製備空白血漿。
給藥前、給藥開始後6、24、48和72小時。經股靜脈或其他合適的靜脈採血1mL,置於無抗凝劑採血管中,血液樣本採
集後置於冰上,靜置30-60分鐘離心分離血清(離心條件:3500轉/分鐘,10分鐘,2-8℃)。收集的血清分析前存放於-80℃。
血清樣本中前列腺素E2和F2由常規的ELISA方法進分析。測定結果如下表。
食蟹猴單次靜脈滴注給藥後的血清中前列腺素E2和F2的濃度結果
食蟹猴給予0.58mg/kg的AST-3424後,前列腺素E2和F2均降低,在24小時時出現波動性的增高,推測與動物本身分泌前列腺素E2和F2的時間特點有關,表明給予AST-3424後能抑制食蟹猴分泌前列腺素E2和F2。
腫瘤直接引起的疼痛和骨骼的浸潤和轉移產生疼痛的原
因包括:骨骼直接受累和局部傷害感受器的直接激活;腫瘤壓迫鄰近的神經、血管和軟組織;腫瘤骨浸潤時釋放PGE1、PGF2,而PGF2是強烈的致痛因子,以上的動物體內實驗表明AST-3424化合物可以大幅降低PGF2的含量,從而達到治療/改善癌症或腫瘤引起的疼痛的效果。
三、實驗結論
以上的體外和體內實驗證實上述的特異性底物即以過表達醛酮還原酶AKR1C3為標靶的DNA烷化劑能抑制醛酮還原酶AKR1C3的活性,而且動物實驗證實,其能降低血液中的前列腺素E2/F2的含量,據此,可以證明上述的AST-3424化合物及其類似的專利申請PCT/US2016/021581、PCT/US2016/025665和PCT/US2016/062114中公開的化合物是AKR1C3酶的抑制劑,其能阻斷前列腺素E2/F2的生成,降低其含量,具有止疼作用。
Claims (7)
- 如請求項1所述之用途,其中,在該式I化合物中,T是OP(Z1)(N(CH2)2)2,其中Z1是O或S。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之用途,其中,該鹽為鹼式鹽或酸式鹽。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之用途,其中,該溶劑合物為水合物或醇合物。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之用途,其中,該疼痛為癌症或炎症引起的疼痛。
- 一種含有如請求項1至3中任一項所述之用途中定義的式I化合物且用於預防、治療或改善癌症或炎症引起的疼痛的藥物。
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| TW201706267A (zh) * | 2015-04-02 | 2017-02-16 | 施瑞修德製藥公司 | 硝基苄基衍生物抗癌試劑 |
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