TWI726562B - Solar cell modules - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar cell module is provided. The solar cell module includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, a cell unit disposed between the first and second substrates, a first thermosetting resin layer disposed between the cell unit and the first substrate, a first thermoplastic resin layer disposed between the cell unit and the first thermosetting resin layer, a second thermosetting resin layer disposed between the cell unit and the second substrate, and a second thermoplastic resin layer disposed between the cell unit and the second thermosetting resin layer.

Description

Solar cell module

The present disclosure relates to a solar cell module, in particular to a solar cell module that can be disassembled and recycled.

Recently, with the installation of a large number of solar cell modules, more and more waste solar cell modules are produced. The problems of recycling and resource reuse are slowly emerging. In order to recycle the materials of solar cell modules, it is necessary to recycle the solar cell modules. Group decomposition.

Take the traditional silicon solar module structure as an example. In order to extend its service life, thermosetting polymers are generally used as packaging materials, such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyolefin (PO). Fixed polycrystalline or monocrystalline solar cells. Once the thermosetting polymer is cross-linked between the molecules, the glass or solar wafer cannot be separated by heating and melting the packaging film, so that the complete glass or the complete wafer can be recycled and reused. Therefore, the current traditional method is to directly pulverize and disassemble the module and then burn it so that the packaging film is pyrolyzed to separate the glass and the wafer. Therefore, one of the difficulties encountered when disassembling traditional silicon crystalline solar cell modules is how to remove the thermosetting plastic materials so that the glass and wafers can be taken out for recycling without damage.

Currently, there are two methods for removing thermosetting plastics. One is to decompose EVA in acid or organic solvent, and the other is to heat the silicon solar cell module at a temperature of 300°C to 550°C to separate the glass plate from the glass plate. Solar cells, no matter which method is used, are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and will produce secondary pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a solar cell module that can solve the above problems, which is easy to disassemble and can pass the IEC61215 electrical verification specification to solve the problem of high-value recycling of discarded modules in the industry.

Therefore, it is highly anticipated to develop a solar cell module that can be disassembled and recycled while taking into account the performance.

According to an embodiment of the disclosure, a solar cell module is provided. The solar cell module includes: a first substrate; a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate; a battery unit disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a first thermosetting resin layer , Disposed between the battery cell and the first substrate; a first thermoplastic resin layer disposed between the battery cell and the first thermosetting resin layer; a second thermosetting resin layer disposed between the battery cell and the Between the second substrates; and a second thermoplastic resin layer disposed between the battery cell and the second thermosetting resin layer.

Please refer to FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a solar cell module 10 is provided. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solar cell module 10.

In Figure 1, the solar cell module 10 includes a first substrate 12, a second substrate 14, battery cells 16, a first thermosetting resin layer 18, a first thermoplastic resin layer 20, a second thermosetting resin layer 22, and a second Thermoplastic resin layer 24. The second substrate 14 is arranged opposite to the first substrate 12. The battery unit 16 is disposed between the first substrate 12 and the second substrate 14. The first thermosetting resin layer 18 is disposed between the battery cell 16 and the first substrate 12. The first thermoplastic resin layer 20 is provided between the battery cell 16 and the first thermosetting resin layer 18. The second thermosetting resin layer 22 is disposed between the battery cell 16 and the second substrate 14. The second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is provided between the battery cell 16 and the second thermosetting resin layer 22. That is, in the solar cell module 10 of the present disclosure, both sides of the battery cell 16 are in contact with the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24, respectively. One side of the first thermosetting resin layer 18 is in contact with the first thermoplastic resin layer 20, and the other side of the first thermosetting resin layer 18 is in contact with the first substrate 12. One side of the second thermosetting resin layer 22 is in contact with the second thermoplastic resin layer 24, and the other side of the second thermosetting resin layer 22 is in contact with the second substrate 14.

In some embodiments, the first substrate 12 and the second substrate 14 may be glass or polyolefin resin or polyester resin, for example, polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene terephthalate. Esters (PET).

In some embodiments, the first thermosetting resin layer 18 and the second thermosetting resin layer 22 may include ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyolefin (PO). In some embodiments, when the first thermosetting resin layer 18 and the second thermosetting resin layer 22 are ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), vinyl acetate (VA) is different from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). The weight ratio in is about 25wt% to 35wt%. In some embodiments, the thickness (T1b, T2b) of the first thermosetting resin layer 18 and the second thermosetting resin layer 22 is between 300-2,000 μm. In some embodiments, the first thermosetting resin layer 18 and the second thermosetting resin layer 22 further include additives, such as hardening initiators, antioxidants, bridging agents, or stabilizers. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the above additives in the first thermosetting resin layer 18 and the second thermosetting resin layer 22 is about 1 wt% to 5 wt %.

In some embodiments, the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 may include di-block or tri-block hydrogenated styrene resin. In some embodiments, the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 may include but are not limited to the following copolymers, for example, hydrogenated (styrene-isoprene) diblock copolymer, hydrogenated (benzene Ethylene-isoprene-styrene) triblock copolymer, hydrogenated (styrene-butadiene-styrene) triblock copolymer, hydrogenated (styrene-isoprene/butadiene-styrene) ) Triblock copolymer, hydrogenated (styrene-ethylene branched isoprene) diblock copolymer, or a combination of the above. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the styrene block to the di-block or tri-block hydrogenated styrene resin is about 10 wt% to 35 wt%.

In some embodiments, the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 may include di-block or tri-block acrylic resin. In some embodiments, the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 may include but are not limited to the following copolymers, for example, poly(methylmethacrylate-isoprene) (poly(methylmethacrylate-isoprene) -isoprene)), poly(methylmethacrylate-b-butadiene) (poly(methylmethacrylate-b-butadiene)), poly(methylmethacrylate-isoprene-methyl methacrylate) (poly( methylmethacrylate-b-isoprene-b- methylmethacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate-b-butadiene-b-methylmethacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate-b-butadiene-b-methylmethacrylate), poly(methacrylic acid) Methyl-isoprene/butadiene-methyl methacrylate) (poly(methylmethacrylate-b-isoprene/butadiene-b-methylmethacrylate)), poly(methylmethacrylate-b-isoprene/butadiene-b-methylmethacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate-b-isoprene/butadiene-b-methylmethacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate-b-isoprene/butadiene-b-methylmethacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate-b-isoprene/butadiene-b-methylmethacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate-b-isoprene/butadiene-b-methylmethacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate-b-isoprene/butadiene-b-methylmethacrylate) Ester) Poly (Methyl-methacrylate/Acrylate/Methyl-methacrylate) or a combination of the above. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the methyl methacrylate block (PMMA) to the diblock or triblock acrylic resin is approximately 20 wt% to 60 wt%. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the methyl methacrylate block (PMMA) in the diblock or triblock acrylic resin is about 30wt% to 50wt%.

In some embodiments, the total thickness T1 of the first thermosetting resin layer 18 and the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 is approximately 0.3 mm to 2.0 mm. In some embodiments, the ratio of the thickness T1a of the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 to the thickness T1b of the first thermosetting resin layer 18 is approximately 1:0.59 to 1:10. In some embodiments, the ratio of the thickness T1a of the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 to the thickness T1b of the first thermosetting resin layer 18 is approximately 1:1 to 1:2. In some embodiments, the total thickness T2 of the second thermosetting resin layer 22 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is approximately 0.3 mm to 2.0 mm. In some embodiments, the ratio of the thickness T2a of the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 to the thickness T2b of the second thermosetting resin layer 22 is approximately 1:0.59 to 1:10. In some embodiments, the ratio of the thickness T2a of the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 to the thickness T2b of the second thermosetting resin layer 22 is approximately 1:1 to 1:2.

In some embodiments, the glass transition temperature of the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is approximately 15°C to -20°C. In some embodiments, the glass transition temperature of the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is about 10°C to -50°C. In some embodiments, the melt fluidity of the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is approximately 1.0 to 31.0. In some embodiments, the hardness (type A) of the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is about 30 to 90. In some embodiments, the hardness (type A) of the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is approximately 35 to 80.

It is worth noting that after the solar cell module 10 of the present disclosure is tested for weather resistance, the solar cell module 10 can be further disassembled by, for example, a thermal dissociation method or a chemical dissociation method. In some embodiments, the thermal dissociation method is to bake the solar cell module 10 at a temperature of 450° C. to disassemble the solar cell module 10. In some embodiments, the chemical dissociation method is to soak the solar cell module 10 with a solvent at a temperature lower than 40° C. to disassemble the solar cell module 10. In some embodiments, the solvent used in the chemical dissociation method may include a hydrocarbon solvent, for example, toluene, 2-toluene, hexane, or cyclohexane.

According to the disclosed solar battery module, a thermoplastic resin layer is added between the battery cell and the traditional thermosetting encapsulating material layer. The material may include diblock or triblock hydrogenated styrene resin or diblock or triblock acrylic Based on resin, this structural design will make the battery module have high light transmittance, low water absorption, high insulation and weather resistance, and resistance to PID, damp heat, and UV characteristics, which meets the needs of battery modules, and can be easily Thermal dissociation method or chemical dissociation method is easy to disassemble and recover.

Example 1

Physical property test of solar cell module ( Thermoplastic resin layer is hydrogenated styrene resin, thickness 200μm)

In this embodiment, the solar cell module 10 shown in FIG. 1 is used for physical property testing. In the module structure, the materials and dimensions of related components are described as follows: The first substrate (backplane) 12 is a solar backplane with a thickness of approximately 0.31 mm. The second substrate (front plate) 14 is transparent glass and has a thickness of approximately 3.2 mm. The thickness of the battery cell 16 is approximately 180 μm. The first thermosetting resin layer 18 is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (SKC, EF2N), and has a thickness of about 400 μm. The first thermoplastic resin layer 20 is a hydrogenated (styrene-butadiene-styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS) (purchased from Asahi chemical Co. Ltd. SOE™ S1611, glass transition temperature 9°C, melt fluidity 4 g/10min (190℃, 2.16kgf)), the thickness is about 292μm. The second thermosetting resin layer 22 is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (SKC, EF2N), and has a thickness of about 400 μm. The second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is hydrogenated (styrene-butadiene-styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS) (purchased from Asahi chemical Co. Ltd. SOE™ S1611, glass transition temperature 9°C, melt fluidity 4 g/10min (190℃, 2.16kgf)), the thickness is about 292μm. The total thickness T1 of the first thermosetting resin layer 18 and the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 is approximately 692±3 μm. The total thickness T2 of the second thermosetting resin layer 22 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is approximately 692±3 μm. The following physical property tests were performed on the solar cell module 10, including total light transmittance (%), haze (%), yellowness index (YI), water permeability ( water vapor transmission rate, WVTR) (g/m ² -day), tensile strength at break (MPa), peeling strength (N), and volume resistance (VR) (Ω .Cm). The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

Example 2

Physical property test of solar cell module ( Thermoplastic resin layer is hydrogenated styrene resin, thickness 400μm)

In this embodiment, the solar cell module 10 shown in FIG. 1 is used for physical property testing. In the module structure, the materials and dimensions of related components are described as follows: The first substrate (backplane) 12 is a solar backplane with a thickness of approximately 0.31 mm. The second substrate (front plate) 14 is transparent glass and has a thickness of approximately 3.2 mm. The thickness of the battery cell 16 is approximately 180 μm. The first thermosetting resin layer 18 is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (SKC, EF2N), and has a thickness of about 400 μm. The first thermoplastic resin layer 20 is a hydrogenated (styrene-butadiene-styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS) (purchased from Asahi chemical Co. Ltd. SOE™ S1611, glass transition temperature 9°C, melt fluidity 4 g/10min (190℃, 2.16kgf)), the thickness is about 511μm. The second thermosetting resin layer 22 is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (SKC, EF2N), and has a thickness of about 400 μm. The second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is hydrogenated (styrene-butadiene-styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS) (purchased from Asahi chemical Co. Ltd. SOE™ S1611, glass transition temperature 9°C, melt fluidity 4 g/10min (190℃, 2.16kgf)), the thickness is about 511μm. The total thickness T1 of the first thermosetting resin layer 18 and the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 is approximately 911±3 μm. The total thickness T2 of the second thermosetting resin layer 22 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is approximately 911±3 μm. The following physical properties of the solar cell module 10 are tested, including total light transmittance (%), haze (%), yellowing index, water permeability (g/m ² -day), breaking point strength (MPa) , Adhesion strength (N), and volume resistance (Ω·cm). The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

Example 3

Physical property test of solar cell module ( The thermoplastic resin layer is Acrylic resin )

In this embodiment, the solar cell module 10 shown in FIG. 1 is used for physical property testing. In the module structure, the materials and dimensions of related components are described as follows: The first substrate (backplane) 12 is a solar backplane with a thickness of approximately 0.31 mm. The second substrate (front plate) 14 is transparent glass and has a thickness of approximately 3.2 mm. The thickness of the battery cell 16 is approximately 180 μm. The first thermosetting resin layer 18 is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (SKC, EF2N), and has a thickness of about 400 μm. The first thermoplastic resin layer 20 is a triblock acrylic resin (KURARAY, LA2140, melt fluidity 31g/10min (190°C, 2.16kgf)), and the thickness is approximately 320μm. The second thermosetting resin layer 22 is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (SKC, EF2N), and has a thickness of about 400 μm. The second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is made of triblock acrylic resin (KURARAY, LA2140, melt fluidity 31 g/10 min (190° C., 2.16 kgf)), and has a thickness of approximately 320 μm. The total thickness T1 of the first thermosetting resin layer 18 and the first thermoplastic resin layer 20 is approximately 720 μm. The total thickness T2 of the second thermosetting resin layer 22 and the second thermoplastic resin layer 24 is approximately 720 μm. The following physical properties of the solar cell module 10 are tested, including total light transmittance (%), haze (%), yellowing index, water permeability (g/m ² -day), breaking point strength (MPa) , Adhesion strength (N), and volume resistance (Ω·cm). The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

Comparative example 1

Physical property test of solar cell module ( Use only EVA Encapsulation )

In this comparative example, a specific solar cell module (the thermosetting resin layer is in contact with the cell and the substrate at the same time) is used for physical property testing. In the module structure, the materials and dimensions of related components are described as follows: The first substrate (backplane) is a solar backplane with a thickness of about 0.31mm. The second substrate (front plate) is transparent glass with a thickness of approximately 3.2 mm. The thickness of the battery cell is approximately 180 μm. The first thermosetting resin layer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (SKC, EF2N), and the thickness is about 400 μm. The second thermosetting resin layer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (SKC, EF2N), and the thickness is about 400 μm. The following physical properties of the above solar cell modules are tested, including total light transmittance (%), haze (%), yellowing index, water permeability (g/m ² -day), breaking point strength (MPa) , Adhesion strength (N), and volume resistance (Ω·cm). The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

Comparative example 2

Physical property test of solar cell module ( Use only PO Encapsulation )

In this comparative example, a specific solar cell module (the thermosetting resin layer is in contact with the cell and the substrate at the same time) is used for physical property testing. In the module structure, the materials and dimensions of related components are described as follows: The first substrate (backplane) is a solar backplane with a thickness of about 0.31mm. The second substrate (front plate) is transparent glass with a thickness of approximately 3.2 mm. The thickness of the battery cell is approximately 180 μm. The first thermosetting resin layer is polyolefin (PO) (Hangzhou Foster, TF4), and the thickness is about 400 μm. The second thermosetting resin layer is polyolefin (PO) (Hangzhou Foster, TF4), and the thickness is about 400 μm. The following physical properties of the above solar cell modules are tested, including total light transmittance (%), haze (%), yellowing index, water permeability (g/m ² -day), breaking point strength (MPa) , Adhesion strength (N), and volume resistance (Ω·cm). The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

Comparative example 3

Physical property test of solar cell module ( Use only SEBS Encapsulation )

In this comparative example, physical properties were tested with a specific solar cell module (the thermoplastic resin layer was in contact with the cell and the substrate at the same time). In the module structure, the materials and dimensions of related components are described as follows: The first substrate (backplane) 12 is a solar backplane with a thickness of approximately 0.31 mm. The second substrate (front plate) 14 is transparent glass and has a thickness of approximately 3.2 mm. The thickness of the battery cell 16 is approximately 180 μm. The first thermoplastic resin layer is hydrogenated (styrene-butadiene-styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS) (purchased from Asahi chemical Co. Ltd. SOE™ S1611, glass transition temperature 9°C, melt fluidity 4 g /10min (190℃, 2.16kgf)), the thickness is about 424μm. The second thermoplastic resin layer is hydrogenated (styrene-butadiene-styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS) (purchased from Asahi chemical Co. Ltd. SOE™ S1611, glass transition temperature 9°C, melt fluidity 4 g /10min (190℃, 2.16kgf)), the thickness is about 424μm. The following physical properties of the above solar cell modules are tested, including total light transmittance (%), haze (%), yellowing index, water permeability (g/m ² -day), breaking point strength (MPa) , Adhesion strength (N), and volume resistance (Ω·cm). The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

Comparative example 4

Physical property test of solar cell module ( use EVA versus SEBS Hybrid package )

In this comparative example, a specific solar cell module (EVA and SEBS mixed resin layer contacting the cell and the substrate at the same time) was used for physical property testing. In the module structure, the materials and dimensions of related components are described as follows: The first substrate (backplane) 12 is a solar backplane with a thickness of approximately 0.31 mm. The second substrate (front plate) 14 is transparent glass and has a thickness of approximately 3.2 mm. The thickness of the battery cell 16 is approximately 180 μm. The first resin layer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (The Polyolefin Company, KA40) and hydrogenated (styrene-butadiene-styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS) (purchased from Asahi chemical Co., Ltd.) Ltd. SOE™ S1611, a mixed layer with a glass transition temperature of 9°C and a melt fluidity of 4 g/10min (190°C, 2.16kgf)), with a thickness of about 400μm. The second resin layer is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) (The Polyolefin Company, KA40) and hydrogenated (styrene-butadiene-styrene) triblock copolymer (SEBS) (purchased from Asahi chemical Co., Ltd.) Ltd. SOE™ S1611, a mixed layer with a glass transition temperature of 9°C and a melt fluidity of 4 g/10min (190°C, 2.16kgf)), with a thickness of about 400μm. The following physical properties of the above solar cell modules are tested, including total light transmittance (%), haze (%), yellowing index, water permeability (g/m ² -day), breaking point strength (MPa) , Adhesion strength (N), and volume resistance (Ω·cm). The test results are shown in Table 1 below. Table 1 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3 Comparative example 4 Packaging materials EVA/ SEBS EVA/ SEBS EVA/acrylic resin Thermoset EVA Thermoset PO Thermoplastic SEBS EVA and SEBS mixed T ₁ thickness (μm) 692±3 911±3 720 400 400 424 400 Total light transmittance (%) 87.6 87.4 87.84 88.4 88.9 88.3 54.97 Haze (%) 3.89 4.32 2.68 0.929 5.39 1.85 99.5 Yellowing index -0.01 0.1 0.02 0.11 0.14 0.32 14.65 Water permeability (g/m ² -day) 5.01 3.61 2.60 34.00 3.30 1.55 10.12 Breaking point strength (MPa) 13.59 18.63 10.44 19 4.96 20.21 11.4 Adhesion strength (N) 97.22 97.90 118.7 124.9 101 7.01 10.52 Volume resistance (Ω·cm) 5.63E+14 1.12E+15 4.99E+13 1.72E+14 8.65E+15 8.90E+15 2.29E+15 The complete condition of the 450℃ thermal cracking chip of the module No fragmentation No fragmentation No fragmentation scrap scrap No fragmentation No fragmentation

It can be seen from the test results in Table 1 that in the composite packaging material of the solar cell module of the present disclosure (Examples 1-3), regardless of whether the material of the thermoplastic resin layer is hydrogenated styrene resin (such as SEBS) or acrylic block Copolymer resin (such as Acrylic Block Copolymer), according to the measured haze, water permeability, volume resistance and other data, all meet the requirements of the module structure to have high light transmittance, low water absorption, and high insulation and weather resistance.

In addition, when the thickness ratio of the thermoplastic resin layer to the thermosetting resin layer is 1:0.59-1:10, the thermal cracking of the wafer does not generate fragments (Example 1-3). Comparative Example 1-2 shows that the simple thermosetting encapsulation film module is thermally cracked at 450°C, and the provided solar cell modules all cause fragments after the test. Comparative example 3 is purely packaged by thermoplastic SEBS. Due to its poor adhesion to glass, the subsequent module electrical PID test fails to pass the power attenuation standard of less than 5%. Comparative example 4 shows that the film is made of two mixed resins alone, and the penetration is Only 54.97% did not meet the encapsulation film penetration rate greater than 85%, which obviously cannot be made into a encapsulation film for comparison with the examples. However, in the composite packaging material of the solar cell module of the present disclosure (Examples 1-3), regardless of whether the material of the thermoplastic resin layer is hydrogenated styrene resin (e.g. SEBS) or acrylic block copolymer resin (e.g. Acrylic Block Copolymer) ), in the process of dismantling by the thermal dissociation method, the dismantling can be smoothly without causing fragments, which proves that the disclosed module structure has the advantage of being easily dismantled.

Example 4

Solar cell module PID test

Since Comparative Example 4 directly mixes the two materials to form a film, the penetration rate is only 54.97% as shown in Table 1, which is not enough to meet the requirement that the penetration rate of the solar encapsulation film is greater than 85%. The solar cell modules provided in Example 1-3 are tested for potential induced degradation (PID), that is, each cell module is tested under the conditions of a temperature of 85°C, a relative humidity of 85%, and an input voltage of 1,000V The degree of power loss. The test results are shown in Table 2 below. Table 2 Packaging materials testing time I _SC V _OC FF Impp Vmpp Pmpp Power attenuation (%) Example 1 EVA/ SEBS After packaging 9.842 2.665 75.27 9.213 2.143 19.741 96hr 9.736 2.666 75.47 9.102 2.152 19.591 0.76% 288hr 9.683 2.665 75.44 9.038 2.154 19.465 1.40% Example 2 EVA/ SEBS After packaging 9.816 2.660 75.25 9.198 2.136 19.648 96hr 9.677 2.662 75.36 9.068 2.141 19.410 1.21% 288hr 9.640 2.664 75.60 9.021 2.152 19.413 1.20% Example 3 After packaging 2.66 9.64 2.16 9.16 77.04 19.756 96hr 2.67 9.57 2.16 9.07 77.01 19.555 1.02% 288hr 2.66 9.53 2.15 9.01 76.37 19.359 2.01% Comparative example 1 After packaging 9.814 2.652 74.66 9.137 2.127 19.431 96hr 9.700 2.653 74.28 9.001 2.123 19.113 1.64% 288hr 9.695 2.655 73.99 8.962 2.125 19.047 1.98% Comparative example 2 After packaging 8.977 2.544 71.089 8.274 1.962 16.232 96hr 8.961 2.539 70.852 8.287 1.946 16.123 0.672% 288hr 8.961 2.539 70.135 8.421 1.895 15.956 1.700% Comparative example 3 After packaging 8.892 2.528 70.727 8.217 1.935 15.897 96hr 8.857 2.525 69.715 8.286 1.881 15.590 1.933 288hr 8.838 2.522 60.417 7.866 1.712 13.469 15.271 Comparative example 4 After packaging - - - - - - - 96hr - - - - - - - 288hr - - - - - - -

It can be seen from the test results in Table 2 that in the composite packaging material of the solar cell module of the present disclosure (Examples 1-3), regardless of whether the material of the thermoplastic resin layer is hydrogenated styrene resin (such as SEBS) or acrylic block Copolymer resin (such as Acrylic Block Copolymer), according to the measured power attenuation (after 96hr or 288hr) data, all prove that adding a thermoplastic resin layer does not reduce the performance of the solar module.

Example 5

Humidity and heat aging test of solar cell modules

The damp heat aging test was performed on the solar cell module provided in Example 1, that is, the power loss of the battery module was tested under the conditions of a temperature of 85° C., a relative humidity of 85% and a duration of 1,000 hours. The test results are shown in Table 3 below. table 3 Humidity and heat aging test Packaging materials testing time Voc _K (V) Isc _K (A) Vmp _K (V) Imp _K (A) Pmax_K (W) FF (%) △Pmax (W) Power attenuation (%) EVA/ SEBS After packaging 0.633 9.098 0.505 8.607 4.345 75.425 -0.082 1.882 1,000hr 0.631 8.956 0.504 8.455 4.263 75.461

It can be seen from the test results in Table 3 that when the thermoplastic resin layer in the composite packaging material of the solar cell module (Example 1) of the present disclosure is hydrogenated styrene resin (such as SEBS), the measured power attenuation ( After 1,000hrs of data, it has been proved that the module structure has the advantage of resisting damp heat aging.

Example 6

Solar cell module UV Aging test

The UV aging test was performed on the solar cell module provided in Example 1, that is, the power loss of the above-mentioned cell module was tested under the condition of a ^{cumulative UV illuminance of 15 kWh/m 2.} The test results are shown in Table 4 below. Table 4 UV aging test Packaging materials testing time Voc _K (V) Isc _K (A) Vmp _K (V) Imp _K (A) Pmax_K (W) FF (%) △Pmax (W) Power attenuation (%) EVA/ SEBS After packaging 0.635 9.050 0.510 8.483 4.328 75.341 -0.036 0.833 After UV15kWh/m ² irradiation 0.634 8.982 0.509 8.424 4.292 75.320

It can be seen from the test results in Table 4 that when the thermoplastic resin layer in the composite packaging material of the solar cell module (Example 1) of the present disclosure is hydrogenated styrene resin (such as SEBS), the measured power attenuation ( After UV15kWh/m ² irradiation, the data has proved that the module structure has the advantage of resisting UV aging.

Example 7

Disassembly test of solar cell module

In this embodiment, the thermal dissociation method is used to test the solar cell fragments after pyrolysis on solar cell modules with different thicknesses of the thermoplastic and thermosetting resin layers. Under the condition of a temperature of 450°C, the solar cell module is baked to observe whether the solar cell module can be disassembled smoothly or broken. The following 11 sets of solar cell modules were tested, and the test results are shown in Figures 2A-2K. The encapsulation film composition materials and film thickness of 11 sets of solar cell modules are as follows:

Group 1: The thickness of the thermoplastic SEBS is 220 μm, the thickness of the thermosetting EVA is 1,040 μm, the thickness ratio of the thermoplastic SEBS to the thermosetting EVA is 1:4.73, and the total thickness is 1,260 μm.

Group 2: The thickness of thermoplastic SEBS is 440μm, the thickness of thermoset EVA is 1,040μm, the thickness ratio of thermoplastic SEBS to thermoset EVA is 1:2.36, and the total thickness is 1,480μm.

Group 3: The thickness of the thermoplastic SEBS is 220 μm, the thickness of the thermosetting EVA is 1,560 μm, the thickness ratio of the thermoplastic SEBS to the thermosetting EVA is 1:7.09, and the total thickness is 1,780 μm.

Group 4: The thickness of thermoplastic SEBS is 440μm, the thickness of thermoset EVA is 1,560μm, the thickness ratio of thermoplastic SEBS to thermoset EVA is 1:3.55, and the total thickness is 2,000μm.

Group 5: The thickness of the thermoplastic SEBS is 880μm, the thickness of the thermosetting EVA is 520μm, the thickness ratio of the thermoplastic SEBS to the thermosetting EVA is 1:0.59, and the total thickness is 1,400μm.

Group 6: The thickness of thermoplastic SEBS is 880μm, the thickness of thermoset EVA is 1,040μm, the thickness ratio of thermoplastic SEBS to thermoset EVA is 1: 1.18, and the total thickness is 1,920μm.

Group 7: The thickness of the thermoplastic SEBS is 40 μm, the thickness of the thermosetting EVA is 400 μm, the thickness ratio of the thermoplastic SEBS to the thermosetting EVA is 1:10, and the total thickness is 440 μm.

Group 8: The thickness of the thermoplastic triblock acrylic is 250μm, the thickness of the thermosetting EVA is 400μm, the thickness ratio of the thermoplastic triblock acrylic to the thermosetting EVA is 1:1.6, and the total thickness is 650μm.

Group 9: The thickness of the thermoplastic SEBS is 30 μm, the thickness of the thermosetting EVA is 400 μm, the thickness ratio of the thermoplastic SEBS to the thermosetting EVA is 1:13.33, and the total thickness is 430 μm.

Group 10: The thickness of the thermoplastic SEBS is 10 μm, the thickness of the thermosetting EVA is 400 μm, the thickness ratio of the thermoplastic SEBS to the thermosetting EVA is 1:40, and the total thickness is 410 μm.

Group 11: The thickness of thermosetting EVA is 400 μm, and the total thickness is 400 μm.

According to the test results, when the thickness ratio of the thermoplastic resin layer to the thermosetting resin layer is 1:0.59-1:10, the thermal cracking of the wafer does not produce fragments (as shown in Figures 2A-2H). However, a simple thermosetting encapsulation film module or a thickness ratio of the thermoplastic resin layer to the thermosetting resin layer greater than 1:10 will cause fragmentation (as shown in Figure 2I-2K).

The features of the above-mentioned embodiments are beneficial to those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be used as a basis to design and change other processes and structures to achieve the same purpose and/or the same advantages of the above-mentioned embodiments. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field should also understand that these equivalent substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and can be changed, substituted, or modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

10: Solar cell module 12: The first substrate 14: second substrate 16: battery unit 18: The first thermosetting resin layer 20: The first thermoplastic resin layer 22: The second thermosetting resin layer 24: The second thermoplastic resin layer T1: The total thickness of the first thermosetting resin layer and the first thermoplastic resin layer T1a: Thickness of the first thermoplastic resin layer T1b: Thickness of the first thermosetting resin layer T2: The total thickness of the second thermosetting resin layer and the second thermoplastic resin layer T2a: Thickness of the second thermoplastic resin layer T2b: The thickness of the second thermosetting resin layer

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the disclosure; and Figures 2A-2K are the disassembly test results of the solar cell module according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

10: Solar cell module

12: The first substrate

14: second substrate

16: battery unit

18: The first thermosetting resin layer

20: The first thermoplastic resin layer

22: The second thermosetting resin layer

24: The second thermoplastic resin layer

T1: The total thickness of the first thermosetting resin layer and the first thermoplastic resin layer

T1a: Thickness of the first thermoplastic resin layer

T1b: Thickness of the first thermosetting resin layer

T2: The total thickness of the second thermosetting resin layer and the second thermoplastic resin layer

T2a: Thickness of the second thermoplastic resin layer

T2b: The thickness of the second thermosetting resin layer

Claims (11)

A solar cell module includes: A first substrate; A second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate; A battery unit arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; A first thermosetting resin layer disposed between the battery cell and the first substrate; A first thermoplastic resin layer disposed between the battery cell and the first thermosetting resin layer; A second thermosetting resin layer disposed between the battery cell and the second substrate; and A second thermoplastic resin layer is arranged between the battery cell and the second thermosetting resin layer. The solar cell module according to the first item of the scope of patent application, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are glass, polyolefin resin, or polyester resin. The solar cell module described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first thermoplastic resin layer and the second thermoplastic resin layer are diblock hydrogenated styrene resin, triblock hydrogenated styrene resin, and diblock hydrogenated styrene resin. Segment acrylic resin, or triblock acrylic resin. The solar cell module described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first thermoplastic resin layer and the second thermoplastic resin layer include hydrogenated (styrene-isoprene) diblock copolymer, hydrogenated (styrene -Isoprene-styrene) triblock copolymer, hydrogenated (styrene-butadiene-styrene) triblock copolymer, hydrogenated (styrene-isoprene/butadiene-styrene) Triblock copolymer, hydrogenated (styrene-ethylene branched isoprene) diblock copolymer, or a combination of the above. According to the solar cell module described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, the weight ratio of the styrene block in the diblock or triblock hydrogenated styrene resin is between 10wt% and 35wt%. The solar cell module described in item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first thermoplastic resin layer and the second thermoplastic resin layer include poly(methyl methacrylate-isoprene), poly(methyl methacrylate) Ester-butadiene), poly(methyl methacrylate-isoprene-methyl methacrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate-butadiene-methyl methacrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate-butadiene-methyl methacrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate-butadiene-methyl methacrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate-butadiene-methyl methacrylate), poly(methyl methacrylate-butadiene-methyl methacrylate) Methyl acrylate-isoprene/butadiene-methyl methacrylate), or a combination of the above. According to the solar cell module described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, the weight ratio of the methyl methacrylate block in the diblock or triblock acrylic resin is between 20wt% and 60wt%. According to the solar cell module described in claim 1, wherein the thickness ratio of the first thermoplastic resin layer to the first thermosetting resin layer is between 1:0.59 and 1:10. According to the solar cell module described in claim 1, wherein the thickness ratio of the second thermoplastic resin layer to the second thermosetting resin layer is between 1:1 and 1:10. According to the solar cell module described in claim 1, wherein the glass transition temperature of the first thermoplastic resin layer and the second thermoplastic resin layer is between 15°C and -50°C. According to the solar cell module described in claim 1, wherein the melt fluidity of the first thermoplastic resin layer and the second thermoplastic resin layer is between 1.0 and 31.0.

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