TWI715530B - 含矽石與檸檬酸鋅之口腔護理組成物 - Google Patents
含矽石與檸檬酸鋅之口腔護理組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI715530B TWI715530B TW104109287A TW104109287A TWI715530B TW I715530 B TWI715530 B TW I715530B TW 104109287 A TW104109287 A TW 104109287A TW 104109287 A TW104109287 A TW 104109287A TW I715530 B TWI715530 B TW I715530B
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- oral care
- care composition
- fluoride
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- WGIWBXUNRXCYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O WGIWBXUNRXCYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011746 zinc citrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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Abstract
本發明有關一種口腔護理組成物,包括(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石磨料、(b)檸檬酸鋅、(c)生物黏著劑、及(d)抗結石劑。該口腔護理組成物可減少或抑制口腔中生物膜形成及/或牙本質過敏症。
Description
本發明有關一種口腔護理組成物,包括(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石磨料、(b)檸檬酸鋅、(c)生物黏著劑、及(d)抗結石劑。
齒斑係黏著於牙齒及其他口腔表面(特別是牙齦緣)之生物膜,且暗指發生牙齦炎、牙周病、齲蛀及其他形式牙周疾病。齒斑係有黏性且從牙齒及/或口腔表面移除有高度抗性。齒斑包括葡聚糖,其係供給菌斑黏合性之不溶多醣。細菌酵素葡基轉移酶將膳食糖轉化成葡聚糖。菌斑礦化形成稱為結石(或齒石)之堅硬沉積物,其對牙齦變得局部刺激,造成牙齦炎。
各種抗菌劑可延遲細菌生長,因而減少口腔表面上生物膜生物膜形成。
鋅及其他金屬化合物/鹽先前已被用作抗菌劑。在不受任何理論束縛下,游離鋅離子據信提供抗菌效力,藉由抑制葡萄糖代謝及/或與細菌細胞壁交互作用,減少口腔細菌拓殖(如討論
於Cummins D.,J Clin Periodontol 1991;18;455-461)。不溶鋅化合物(氧化鋅)亦可於刷牙期間傳遞強大抗菌效力。
牙本質過敏症係當過敏牙齒遭受溫度及/或壓力變化或遭受化學作用時所製造之暫時誘發疼痛感覺。當牙齒的牙本質被磨耗或耗損暴露之任何時候,或當牙齒較細的根表面被牙周疾病暴露時,可發生過敏症。牙本質係一般被牙齦線上面琺瑯質及牙齦線下面齒堊質覆蓋之牙齒中骨樣物質。透過腐敗、損傷、疾病或其他原因可移除琺瑯質或齒堊質,從而使牙本質暴露於嘴中外來刺激。牙本質通常含有通道(稱為小管),其使物質及能量傳遞於牙本質外部與牙齒內部之間,其為神經位置所在。
一項牙本質過敏症理論(稱為流體動力學理論)提議使此等小管暴露於外來刺激可造成神經刺激且導致過敏症不適。流體動力學理論提議使牙齒中神經對刺激較不敏感,或阻斷或堵塞小管以防止或限制神經暴露於外來刺激,可治療過敏症。
已有許多嘗試控制牙本質過敏症。一種方式係減少敏感牙齒之神經興奮性。另一種控制牙本質過敏症之方式係如以上關於流體動力學理論所討論,使用完全或部分堵塞小管。使用具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑之矽石顆粒,堵塞牙本質小管及治療牙本質過敏症,揭示於US專利申請案號2009/0092562(以其整體合併於本文為參考),於此合併為參考。
想要提供展現生物膜減少效力及提供牙本質減感效力之改良口腔護理組成物。
提供一種口腔護理組成物,包括:(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石磨料、(b)檸檬酸鋅、(c)生物黏著劑、及(d)抗結石劑。在若干具體實例中,生物黏著劑包括聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐(「PVM/MA」)共聚物。在若干具體實例中,抗結石劑包括焦磷酸四鉀(「TKPP」)或焦磷酸四鈉(「TSPP」)。在若干具體實例中,鋅離子源為檸檬酸鋅。
亦提供用於減少或抑制口腔中生物膜形成之口腔護理組成物。
亦提供使過敏牙齒減感之方法,藉由向那裏塗敷減感量的發明口腔組成物。
亦提供減少或抑制口腔中生物膜形成之方法,方法包括使口腔與口腔護理組成物接觸。
亦提供以下組合之口腔組成物之用途:(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石磨料、(b)鋅離子源,如包括檸檬酸鋅、(c)生物黏著劑,如包括聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐(「PVM/MA」)共聚物、及(d)抗結石劑,如包括焦磷酸四鉀(「TKPP」)或焦磷酸四鈉(「TSPP」),該用途係減少或抑制口腔中生物膜形成及/或減感牙齒。
本發明應用性之進一步領域將從在下提供的詳細說明而變得明顯易見。應了解雖然詳細說明及特定實例指出發明較好的具體實例,但其僅意欲闡述目的且並非意欲限制發明範疇。
下列較好具體實例的敘述本質上僅係示範,且決不意欲限制發明、其應用、或用途。
如處處所用,使用範圍作為敘述在範圍內各個及每個數值之簡略表達方式。在範圍內任何數值可被選擇作為範圍界限。此外,此處引述之所有參考文獻以其等全體併入於此為參考。萬一本揭示定義與引述參考文獻衝突,則本揭示支配。
除非另予載明,否則應了解此處及說明書別處表達之所有百分率及用量係指重量百分率。給定用量係以材料活性重量為主。
開放術語例如「包含」、「含有」等意謂「包括」。此說明中,除非另予陳述,否則使用單數亦包含複數。例如,「一種鋅離子源」亦理解使用大於一種鋅離子源之情況。
本發明人已驚人地發現在口腔護理組成物中組合(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石磨料,(b)鋅離子源,(c)生物黏著劑,如包括聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐(「PVM/MA」)共聚物,及(d)抗結石劑,如包括焦磷酸四鉀(「TKPP」)改良口腔護理組成物於減少生物膜之效力且提供強烈牙齒過敏症優勢。
發明組成物包含鋅離子源,其為提供鋅離子源之鋅化合物。已發現鋅離子幫助減少牙齦炎、菌斑、敏感性、及改良呼吸優勢。鋅化合物為可溶性或鋅與無機或有機相對離子之些許可溶化合物。實例包含氟化物、氯化物、氯氟化物、乙酸鹽、六氟鋯酸鹽、硫酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、葡糖酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、乳酸鹽、蘋果酸鹽、甘胺酸鹽、焦磷酸鹽、偏磷酸鹽、草酸鹽、磷酸鹽、碳酸鹽、鋅的氧
化物、及US專利號4,022,880列舉之其他鹽類。
鋅離子係衍生自鋅化合物(亦即鋅離子源),其係呈有效量存在於牙粉。鋅離子之有效量被定義至少1,000ppm鋅離子、較好2,000至15,000ppm。更佳者,鋅離子之存在量係3,000ppm至13,000ppm、甚至更好4,000ppm至10,000ppm。此為傳送至牙齒表面的組成物中存在之鋅離子總量。發明口腔組成物利用之鋅化合物(鋅離子源)用量可於0.01%至8重量%改變,以組成物總重量為基準,典型為0.1至5%、或1至4%、或1.5%,以口腔護理組成物總重量為基準。
在較好具體實例中,組成物含有檸檬酸鋅。在若干具體實例中,發明組成物之檸檬酸鋅用量為0.01至5%、或0.1至5%、或0.2至5%、或0.2至3%、或1%至3%,以組成物總重量為基準。在若干具體實例中,組成物可包括用量0.75%至1.25重量%的氧化鋅及用量0.4%至0.6重量%的檸檬酸鋅,以組成物總重量為基準。視情況,若使用檸檬酸鋅及氧化鋅,氧化鋅與檸檬酸鋅之重量比率為1.5:1至4.5:1、1.5:1至4:1、1.7:1至2.3:1、1.9:1至2.1:1、或2:1。在其他具體實例中,組成物不包含氧化鋅。
發明組成物包括矽石磨料。一或多個如此矽石顆粒能夠變得嵌於小管內,從而實現減少或消除感知牙齒敏感性。適合顆粒可具有例如平均粒徑8微米或更小、二擇一地1.5至6微米、2.7至4微米或3.5微米。顆粒最初可具有想要的粒徑存在於組成物,或最初可呈更大尺寸存在於組成物,只要藉由如牙刷(刷牙)施予機械力時,顆粒結構破裂或斷裂成想要的粒徑即可。
矽石顆粒可藉由技藝已知或欲研發的任何方式製
備,且(若想要)可經表面改質以增加顆粒黏著於牙齒表面之能力。實例可發現於如US專利號8,211,452,其內容合併於本文為參考。具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石顆粒係呈用量1至20重量%總組成物存在於組成物中。二擇一地,具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石顆粒可呈用量2至10重量%或4至6重量%存在,以組成物總重量為基準。
具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石顆粒具體實例係商業可得矽石,例如PQ股份有限公司(從前來自INEOS)SORBOSIL AC43(SORBOSIL AC43係具有以下性質的矽石,包含粉末RDA160,油吸收係數75cm3/100g,重量平均粒徑3.5微米,1000℃燒失量11.0,及pH 5.5)。另外具體實例係具有以下性質的矽石,包含平均粒徑2.7至4.0微米(由MALVERN MASTERSIZER決定),篩渣+45μm,105℃濕度損失8.0%最大,1000℃燒失量14.0%最大,水性懸浮液中pH 5.5至7.5,可得自Ineos Silicas,Warrington,英國。發明另外具體實例係具有平均粒徑1.5至6.0微米之矽石。
除了具有平均粒徑不大於哺乳動物牙本質小管平均直徑之矽石磨料外,口腔護理組成物可進一步包括一或多種額外磨料。如此額外磨料可為矽石或非矽石。可含於組成物之適合額外磨料包含(但不限於):氧化鋁、矽酸鋁、煅鋁氧、膨土、其他矽質材料、不溶磷酸鹽、天然碳酸鈣(NCC)、沉澱碳酸鈣(PCC)、及其混合物。在若干具體實例中,至少一種額外磨料為碳酸鈣磨料,例如沉澱碳酸鈣(PCC)或天然碳酸鈣(NCC)。
矽石磨料可來自沉澱矽石或矽石凝膠,例如Pader等人
於US專利號3,538,230及Digiulio等人於US專利號3,862,307中敘述之矽石乾凝膠,兩者於此合併為參考。特別矽石乾凝膠係由W.R.Grace & Co.,Davison Chemical Division以商品名Syloid®販售。沉澱矽石材料包含由J.M.Huber Corp.以商品名Zeodent®販售者,包含帶有命名Zeodent 115及119之矽石。此等矽石磨料係敘述於US專利號4,340,583,於此合併為參考。在某些具體實例中,有用於實行根據發明口腔組成物之磨料材料包含具有油吸收數值小於100cc/100g矽石且範圍45cc/100g至70cc/100g矽石之矽石凝膠及沉澱非晶質矽石。使用ASTA Rub-Out Method D281測量油吸收數值。特別有用實行發明之低油吸收矽石磨料係由Davison Chemical Division of W.R.Grace & Co.,Baltimore,Md.21203以商品命名Sylodent XWA®販售。Sylodent 650 XWA®-由具有水含量29重量%及油吸收小於70cc/100g矽石的膠態矽石顆粒構成之矽石水凝膠-係有用實行本發明之低油吸收矽石磨料的實例。
發明組成物中磨料總量(亦即矽石加任何額外磨料)於一項具體實例為5至60重量%,於另外具體實例為5至45重量%,於另外具體實例為5至35重量%,於另外具體實例為5至30重量%,於另外具體實例為5至25重量%,於另外具體實例為10至20重量%。
發明口腔護理組成物包括抗結石或抗齒石劑,例如焦磷酸四鉀、焦磷酸四鈉或其組合。
發明口腔護理組成物亦包括生物黏著劑,較好包括聚甲基乙烯基醚-順丁烯二酐共聚物。在各種具體實例中,可使用例如呈單體比率1:4至4:1之甲基乙烯基醚與順丁烯二酐共聚物。製備聚甲基乙烯基醚-順丁烯二酐共聚物特定提出於Pelah等人的US
專利號5,047,490,於此合併為參考。聚甲基乙烯基醚順丁烯二酐共聚物亦商業可得自ISP(Ashland),Wayne,N.J之商品名Gantrez® AN。如此聚合物實例包括:-[-CH2-CH2OCH3-CH2COOH-CH2COOH-]-
單元於其結構中。
如此Gantrez®聚合物可為線型聚合物或交聯聚合物。此類型線型非交聯聚合物以商品名Gantrez® S(CAS # 25153-4-69)商業可得,如具有分子量大約700,000之Gantrez® S-96、具有分子量大約1,200,000之Gantrez® S-97。此類型交聯聚合物亦以Gantrez®商標商業可得。如此酸之衍生物實例為酐,亦即兩個毗鄰-COOH基團環化形成環系統,如此酐易於水解形成對應的自由酸。如此聚合物係以商品名Gantrez® AN(CAS # 9011-16-9)商業可得,如Gantrez® AN-119、Gantrez® AN-903、Gantrez® AN-139、Gantrez® AN-169。衍生物之另外實例為部分鹽,如若干自由-COOH基團轉化成第I族或第II族金屬之金屬鹽,例如分別為鈉或鈣、或混合的鈉-鈣鹽。如此聚合物係以商品名Gantrez® MS商業可得,如Gantrez® MS-955(CAS # 62386-95-2)。如此酸之衍生物另外實例為部分酯,其中若干自由-COOH基團以C1-6烷基酯化,如乙基或正丁基。如此聚合物係以商品名Gantrez® ES商業可得,如Gantrez® ES-225(CAS # 25087-06-03)或Gantrez® ES-425(CAS # 25119-68-0)。此第二類型典型聚合物具有分子量範圍200,000至2,000,000。
在若干具體實例中,組成物可進一步包括其他抗結石(齒石控制)劑,亦即異於或除了焦磷酸四鉀外。適合其他抗結石
劑包含(但不限於):磷酸鹽與聚磷酸鹽,聚胺基丙烷磺酸(AMPS),聚烯烴磺酸酯,聚烯烴磷酸酯,二膦酸酯例如氮雜環烷-2,2-二膦酸酯(如氮雜環烷-2,2-二膦酸)、N-甲基氮雜環戊烷-2,3-二膦酸、乙烷-1-羥基-1,1-二膦酸(EHDP)與乙烷-1-胺基-1,1-二膦酸酯、膦醯基烷羧酸。有用無機磷酸鹽與聚磷酸鹽包含磷酸二氫鈉、磷酸氫二鈉、磷酸三鈉、焦磷酸四鈉(TSPP)、三聚磷酸鈉、四聚磷酸鹽、三偏磷酸鈉、六偏磷酸鈉及其混合物。其他有用齒石控制劑包含聚羧酸酯聚合物。在若干具體實例中,抗結石劑係至少一種焦磷酸四鈉及焦磷酸四鉀。
在若干具體實例中,組成物可進一步包括一或多種其他生物黏著劑,亦即異於或除了聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐共聚物外,例如Gantrez®。黏著材料或生物黏著劑可為技藝中任何已知或欲研發黏附於哺乳動物牙齒表面及/或黏附於亦可存在牙齒表面上之異質生物膜。黏附可由任何方式發生,例如離子交互作用、凡得瓦力、疏水-親水交互作用等。黏著材料可為例如水凝膠、聚維酮、多醣、聚葡萄胺糖、角叉菜膠、羧甲基纖維素、幾丁質、膠、或海洋膠體。膠的特定實例包含三仙膠、瓜爾膠、阿拉伯膠、刺槐豆膠、黃蓍膠、結冷膠(gellan gum)及塔拉膠(tara gum)。其他考量的黏著材料包含黏著於牙齒表面之任何同元聚合物或共聚物(下文共同稱為「聚合物」)。如此聚合物包含聚丙烯醯胺,聚丙烯酸共聚物,聚乙二醇,纖維素醚,矽氧聚合物,具有聚乙烯基膦酸、聚(1-膦醯基丙烯)、磺酸、聚(β-苯乙烯膦酸)、α-苯乙烯膦酸、合成陰離子聚合物聚羧酸酯、順丁烯二酐、順丁烯二酸、與甲基乙烯基醚單體的聚合物,聚(環氧乙烷)聚合物(例如來自Dow Chemical之
POLYOX),線型聚乙烯基吡咯啶酮(PVP)與交聯PVP,PEG/PPG共聚物(例如BASF Pluracare L1220),酯膠,蟲膠,壓敏矽氧黏著劑(例如來自Dow-Corning之BioPSA),甲基丙烯酸酯。可使用任何分子量的聚合物,包含例如分子量1,000至5,000(數量平均)。可用作黏著材料之其他聚合物包含詳述於US專利號4,521,551、4,485,090、4,138,477、4,138,914及3,956,480者。
在若干具體實例中,生物黏著劑總量係呈用量0.1重量%至10重量%、0.5重量%至4重量%、1重量%至2重量%、或1.5重量%存在於組成物中,以組成物總重量為基準。
在若干具體實例中,聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐共聚物係呈用量0.1重量%至10重量%、0.5重量%至4重量%、1重量%至2重量%、或1.5重量%存在於組成物中,以組成物總重量為基準。
在若干具體實例中,抗結石劑總量係呈用量0.5重量%至5重量%、1.0重量%至3重量%、或2.4重量%至2.5重量%存在於組成物中,以組成物總重量為基準。
在若干具體實例中,焦磷酸四鉀或焦磷酸四鈉總量係呈用量0.5重量%至5重量%、1.0重量%至3重量%、或2.4重量%至2.5重量%存在於組成物中,以組成物總重量為基準。
在另外具體實例中,組成物不包含聚(環氧丙烷)/聚(環氧乙烷)共聚物,一般已知為泊洛沙姆(Poloxamer)。
在本文敘述之任何具體實例中,口腔護理組成物可為牙粉、牙膏、凝膠、牙齒粉末、漱口水(mouthwash)、口腔潤洗劑(mouthrinse)、錠劑(lozenge)、片劑(tablet)、噴霧、膠、或膜。在某些具體實例中,口腔護理組成物為牙膏、凝膠、或牙齒
粉末。
在第二態樣中,提供根據任何本文具體實例之口腔護理組成物用於減少或抑制口腔中生物膜形成。
在第三態樣中,提供減少或抑制口腔中生物膜形成之方法,方法包括使口腔與根據任何本文具體實例之口腔護理組成物接觸。
在第四態樣中,提供以下組合口腔組成物之用途:(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石磨料,(b)鋅離子源,較好包括檸檬酸鋅,(c)生物黏著劑,較好包括聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐共聚物,及(d)抗結石劑,較好包括焦磷酸四鉀,該用途係減少或抑制口腔中生物膜形成。
在第五態樣中,提供減少牙齒敏感性之方法,包括在哺乳動物牙齒表面塗敷以下組成物,包括(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石磨料,如SORBOSIL AC43,(b)鋅離子源,較好包括檸檬酸鋅,(c)生物黏著劑,較好包括聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐共聚物,及(d)抗結石劑,較好包括焦磷酸四鉀。在具體實例中,所需尺寸的矽石顆粒係呈用量5重量%或更大存在於組成物。
口腔組成物可進一步包括額外成分。異於以下組合之所有成分包括口腔可接受載體或基質材料:(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑或不大於8微米或更小之矽石磨料,(b)檸檬酸鋅,(c)生物黏著劑,較好包括聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐共聚物,及(d)抗結石劑,較好包括焦磷酸四鉀。此等額外成分可包含(但不限於)稀釋劑、碳酸氫鹽、pH改質劑、界面活性劑、泡沫調
節劑、增稠劑、保濕劑、甜味劑、香料、顏料、額外抗菌劑、抗齲蛀劑、及其混合物。
在若干具體實例中,口腔組成物包括至少一種碳酸氫鹽,由於起泡且釋放二氧化碳而例如有用賦予牙齒及牙齦一種「清潔感覺」。可使用任何口腔可接受碳酸氫鹽,未限制的包含鹼金屬碳酸氫鹽,例如碳酸氫鈉與鉀、碳酸氫銨等。一或多種額外碳酸氫鹽可視情況存在呈總量0.1重量%至50重量%、例如1重量%至20重量%組成物總重量。
在若干具體實例中,口腔護理組成物包括至少一種pH改質劑。如此試劑包含降低pH的酸化劑、提升pH的鹼化劑、及控制pH於想要範圍內的緩衝劑。例如,可包含一或多種選自酸化、鹼化及緩衝劑之化合物以提供pH 2至10,或在各種闡述具體實例中,2至8、3至9、4至8、5至7、6至10、7至9等。可使用任何口腔可接受的pH改質劑,未限制的包含羧酸、磷酸與磺酸、酸鹽(如檸檬酸一鈉、檸檬酸二鈉、蘋果酸一鈉等)、鹼金屬氫氧化物例如氫氧化鈉、碳酸鹽例如碳酸鈉、碳酸氫鹽、倍半碳酸鹽、硼酸鹽、矽酸鹽、磷酸鹽(如磷酸二氫鈉、磷酸三鈉)、咪唑等。一或多種pH改質劑係以口腔可接受pH範圍有效維持組成物之總量視情況存在。
口腔護理組成物亦可包括至少一種界面活性劑。可使用任何口腔可接受界面活性劑,多數為陰離子、非離子或兩性。適合陰離子界面活性劑未限制的包含C8-20烷基硫酸的水溶性鹽、C8-20脂肪酸的磺化單甘油酯、肌胺酸鹽、牛磺酸鹽等。此等及其他種類之闡述實例包含月桂基硫酸鈉(SLS)、椰油酸單甘油酯磺酸鈉、月桂基肌胺酸鈉、月桂基羥乙基磺酸鈉、十二烷基聚氧乙醚羧
酸鈉及十二基苯磺酸鈉。適合非離子界面活性劑未限制的包含泊洛沙姆、聚氧乙烯去水山梨醇酯、脂肪醇乙氧基化物、烷酚乙氧基化物、三級胺氧化物、三級膦氧化物、二烷基亞碸等。適合兩性界面活性劑未限制的包含C8-20脂族二級與三級胺的衍生物,其具有陰離子基團例如羧酸鹽、硫酸鹽、磺酸鹽、磷酸鹽或膦酸鹽。亦可使用甜菜鹼,適合實例為椰油醯胺丙基甜菜鹼。一或多種界面活性劑係視情況存在呈總量0.01重量%至10重量%、例如0.05重量%至5重量%、或0.1重量%至2重量%組成物總重量。
口腔護理組成物可包括至少一種泡沫調節劑,有用例如於攪動時增加組成物產生之泡沫量、稠度或穩定性。可使用任何口腔可接受泡沫調節劑,未限制的包含聚乙二醇(PEG),亦已知為聚氧乙烯。高分子量PEG係適合,包含具有平均分子量200,000至7,000,000、例如500,000至5,000,000、或1,000,000至2,500,000者。一或多種PEG係視情況存在呈總量0.1重量%至10重量%、例如0.2重量%至5重量%、或0.25重量%至2重量%組成物總重量。
口腔組成物可包括至少一種增稠劑,有用例如賦予組成物想要的稠度及/或口感。可使用任何口腔可接受增稠劑,未限制的包含卡波姆(carbomer)(亦已知為羧乙烯基聚合物),角叉菜膠(亦已知為愛爾蘭紅藻且更特別是ι-角叉菜膠(iota-角叉菜膠)),纖維素聚合物例如羥乙基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素(CMC)及其鹽如CMC鈉,天然膠例如梧桐膠、三仙膠、阿拉伯膠及黃蓍膠,膠體矽酸鎂鋁,膠體矽石等。增稠劑或增黏劑的較好種類包含與新戊四醇烷基醚或蔗糖烷基醚交聯之丙烯酸同元聚合物的種類,或卡波姆。卡波姆係呈Carbopol®系列商業可得自B.F.Goodrich。特別
好Carbopol包含Carbopol934、940、941、956、974P、及其混合物。亦可使用矽石增稠劑例如DT 267(來自PPG工業)。一或多種增稠劑係視情況存在呈總量0.1重量%至15重量%、例如0.5重量%至10重量%、或1重量%至5重量%組成物總重量。
組成物可包括至少一種黏度改質劑,有用例如於攪動液體組成物時協助抑制成分沉降或分離或促進再分散性。可使用任何口腔可接受黏度改質劑,未限制的包含礦物油、石蠟脂、黏土與有機改質黏土、矽石等。一或多種黏度改質劑係視情況存在呈總量0.01重量%至10重量%、例如0.1重量%至5重量%組成物總重量。
組成物亦可包括至少一種保濕劑。可使用任何口腔可接受保濕劑,未限制的包含多元醇例如甘油、山梨醇(視情況呈70重量%水溶液)、木糖醇或低分子量聚乙二醇(PEG)。一或多種保濕劑係視情況存在呈總量1重量%至70重量%、例如1重量%至50重量%、2重量%至25重量%、或5重量%至15重量%組成物總重量。
組成物可包括至少一種甜味劑,有用例如增進組成物味道。一或多種甜味劑係強烈取決於選擇的特別甜味劑之總量視情況存在,但典型為0.005重量%至5重量%組成物總重量,視情況0.005重量%至0.2重量%、進一步視情況0.05重量%至0.1重量%組成物總重量。
組成物亦可包括至少一種香料,有用例如增進組成物味道。可使用任何口腔可接受天然或合成香料,未限制的包含茶味、香草精、鼠尾草、馬鬱蘭、洋芹油、綠薄荷油、桂皮油、冬青油(甲基柳酸酯)、薄荷油、丁香油、月桂油、大茴香油、桉油、橘皮油、水果油與香精(包含衍生自檸檬、柑橘、萊姆、葡萄柚、杏仁、香
蕉、葡萄、蘋果、草莓、櫻桃、鳳梨等)、豆子-與堅果-衍生的風味(例如咖啡、可可、可樂、花生、杏仁等)、吸附與封裝的香料等。亦含括本文香料內係提供口中芳香及/或其他感覺效果之成分(包含冷卻或溫暖效果)。如此成分例證地包含薄荷腦、乙酸薄荷酯、乳酸薄荷酯、樟腦、桉油、桉樹腦、茴香腦、丁香粉、桂皮、覆盆子酮(oxanone)、α-紫羅蘭酮、丙烯基乙基愈創木酚(guaiethol)、瑞香草、沈香醇、苄醛、桂皮醛、N-乙基-對-薄荷烷-3-甲醯胺、N,2,3-三甲基-2-異丙基丁烷醯胺、3-(1-薄荷氧基)-丙烷-1,2-二醇、桂皮醛甘油縮醛(CGA)、薄荷酮甘油縮醛(MGA)等。一或多種香料係視情況存在呈總量0.01重量%至5重量%、例如0.03重量%至2.5重量%、視情況0.05重量%至1.5重量%、進一步視情況0.1重量%至0.3重量%組成物總重量。
組成物可包括至少一種色素。本文色素包含顏料、染料、色澱及賦予特別光澤或反射性之試劑,例如珠光劑。可使用任何口腔可接受色素,未限制的包含滑石、雲母、碳酸鎂、矽酸鎂、矽酸鎂鋁、二氧化鈦、紅、黃、棕與黑鐵氧化物、氰鐵(II)化鐵(III)銨、錳紫、群青、經鈦化(titaniated)雲母、氧氯化鉍等。一或多種色素係視情況存在呈總量0.001重量%至20重量%、例如0.01重量%至10重量%、或0.1重量%至5重量%組成物總重量。
組成物亦可包括額外抗菌或防腐劑,例如洛赫西定(chlorhexidine)、三氯沙、四級銨化合物(例如殺藻胺)或對羥苄酸酯(例如對羥苄酸甲酯或對羥苄酸丙酯)。一或多種額外抗菌或防腐劑可視情況存在於組成物呈總量0.01重量%至0.5重量%、視情況0.05重量%至0.1重量%組成物總重量。
口腔護理組成物亦可包括氟化物離子源。氟化物離子源包含(但未限於):氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、氟化鉀、單氟磷酸鉀、單氟磷酸鈉、單氟磷酸銨、氟矽酸鈉、氟矽酸銨、氟化胺例如olafur(N’-十八基三亞甲二胺-N,N,N’-叁(2-乙醇)-二氫氟化物)、氟化銨及其組合等。在若干具體實例中,氟化物離子源包含氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、氟化胺、單氟磷酸鈉、以及其混合物。在若干具體實例中,口腔護理組成物亦可含有氟化物離子源或提供氟的成分,呈足夠供應量50至5000ppm氟化物離子、如100至1000、200至500、250ppm氟化物離子。氟化物離子源可呈水平0.001重量%至10重量%、如0.003重量%至5重量%、0.01重量%至1重量%、或0.05重量%被添加至組成物。然而,提供氟化物離子適當水平之氟化物鹽重將明顯基於鹽的相對離子重而改變,熟習技藝者可迅速決定如此用量。較好氟化物鹽可為氟化鈉。
組成物可包括有用例如改善口乾之涎刺激劑。可使用任何口腔可接受涎刺激劑,未限制的包含食物酸例如檸檬酸、乳酸、蘋果酸、琥珀酸、抗壞血酸、己二酸、反丁烯二酸及酒石酸、及其混合物。一或多種涎刺激劑係呈涎刺激有效總量視情況存在。
組成物可包含抗敏感劑,如鉀鹽例如硝酸鉀、碳酸氫鉀、氯化鉀、檸檬酸鉀、及草酸鉀,辣椒鹼,丁香酚,鍶鹽,氯化物鹽及其組合。取決於選擇的試劑,如此試劑可呈有效量如1重量%至20重量%(以組成物總重為基)添加。
組成物可進一步包括抗氧化劑。可使用任何口腔可接受抗氧化劑,包含丁基化羥基甲氧苯(BHA)、丁基化羥基甲苯(BHT)、維生素A、類胡蘿蔔素、維生素E、類黃酮、多酚、抗壞
血酸、草本抗氧化劑、葉綠素、褪黑激素、及其混合物。
在若干具體實例中,本發明組成物進一步包括胺基酸。在若干具體實例中,胺基酸係呈減感有效量存在。在若干具體實例中,胺基酸包括0.01重量%至10重量%組成物。在若干具體實例中,胺基酸包括0.1重量%至7重量%組成物。在若干具體實例中,胺基酸包括0.5重量%至5重量%組成物。在若干具體實例中,胺基酸包括1重量%至4重量%組成物。在若干具體實例中,胺基酸包括2重量%至3重量%組成物。在若干具體實例中,胺基酸包括2.5重量%組成物。在若干具體實例中,胺基酸包括精胺酸。在若干具體實例中,胺基酸包括L-精胺酸及/或L-絲胺酸。在若干具體實例中,胺基酸包括L-精胺酸碳酸氫鹽。在若干具體實例中,L-精胺酸碳酸氫鹽包括2.5重量%組成物。在若干具體實例中,組成物不含胺基酸,如鹼性胺基酸例如精胺酸。
欲了解雖然各個上述材料類目的一般屬性可不同,但可有若干共同屬性,且任何給定的材料可擔任多重用途於二或多種如此材料類目內。組成物中所有成分除了主要功能外尚可具有功能,且可貢獻於組成物整體性質,包含其穩定性、效力、稠度、口感、味道、氣味等。較佳者,選擇與組成物其他成分相容之成分。
提供一種組成物(組成物1),其係如牙粉或口腔潤洗劑之口腔護理產品,其包括:(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑之矽石磨料,(b)鋅離子源,如包括檸檬酸鋅,(c)生物黏著劑,如包括聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐(「PVM/MA」)共聚物,及(d)抗結石劑,如包括焦磷酸四鉀(「TKPP」),如根據組成物1以及下列等任何範疇:
1.1 一種呈牙粉形式之組成物1,其塗敷於牙只時提供堵塞牙本質小管之矽石顆粒;
1.2 呈牙粉形式之組成物1或1.1,具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑之矽石係呈用量1至20重量%、2至10重量%或4至6重量%,檸檬酸鋅之存在量係呈0.01至5重量%、0.1至5重量%、0.2至5重量%、0.2至3重量%、1至3至5重量%,且進一步包括一種牙粉基質之口腔可接受載體;
1.3 任何前述組成物,其中生物黏著劑總量係呈用量0.1重量%至10重量%、0.5重量%至4重量%、1重量%至2重量%、或1.5重量%,以組成物總重量為基;
1.4 任何前述組成物,其中生物黏著劑為PVM/MA共聚物,呈用量0.2重量%至8重量%、0.5重量%至4重量%、1重量%至2重量%、或1.5重量%,以組成物總重量為基;
1.5 任何前述組成物,其中(PVM/MA)共聚物具有平均分子量(M.W.)30,000至1,000,000、如300,000至800,000;
1.6 任何前述組成物,其中抗結石劑為焦磷酸四鉀,呈用量0.5重量%至5重量%、1.0重量%至3重量%、或2.4重量%至2.5重量%,以組成物總重量為基;
1.7 任何前述組成物,其中磨料總量係5至60重量%、5至45重量%、5至35重量%、5至30重量%、5至25重量%、10至20重量%、或20重量%;
1.8 任何前述組成物,其中生物黏著劑為聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐共聚物,總量呈用量0.1重量%至10重量%、0.5重量%至4重量%、1重量%至2重量%、或1.5重量%,以組成物總重量為基;
抗結石劑為焦磷酸四鉀或焦磷酸四鈉,呈用量0.5重量%至5重量%、1.0重量%至3重量%、或2.4重量%至2.5重量%,以組成物總重量為基;
1.9 任何前述組成物,其中聚磷酸鹽總量係呈0.5重量%至15重量%或0.5重量%至11重量%(聚磷酸鹽包含焦磷酸鹽,但亦可包含三磷酸鹽或高級聚合形式的磷酸鹽,如六偏磷酸鈉);
1.10 任何前述組成物,進一步包括有效量的氟化物離子源,如提供500至3000ppm氟化物;
1.11 任何前述組成物,進一步包括有效量的氟化物離子源,如其中氟化物係選自氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、氟化鉀、單氟磷酸鈉、氟矽酸鈉、氟矽酸銨、氟化胺(如N’-十八基三亞甲二胺-N,N,N’-叁(2-乙醇)-二氫氟化物)、氟化銨、氟化鈦、六氟硫酸鹽及其組合之鹽。
1.12 任何前述組成物,包括有效量的鹼性磷酸鹽,如鈉、鉀或鈣鹽,如選自鹼性磷酸氫鹽及鹼性焦磷酸鹽,如選自磷酸氫二鈉、磷酸氫二鉀、磷酸二鈣二水合物、焦磷酸鈣、焦磷酸四鈉、焦磷酸四鉀、三聚磷酸鈉及任何二或多種此等混合物之鹼性磷酸鹽,如呈用量1至20重量%、如2至8重量%、如大約5重量%組成物;
1.13 任何前述組成物,包括緩衝劑,如磷酸鈉緩衝劑(如磷酸二氫鈉及磷酸氫二鈉);
1.14 任何前述組成物,包括保濕劑,如選自甘油、山梨醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、木糖醇及其混合物,如包括至少20%、如20至40%、如25至35%甘油;
1.15 任何前述組成物,包括一或多種界面活性劑,如選自陰離子、陽離子、兩性離子、及非離子界面活性劑、及其混合物,如包括陰離子界面活性劑,如選自月桂基硫酸鈉、月桂基硫酸鈉醚、及其混合物之界面活性劑,如呈用量0.3重量%至4.5重量%,如1至2%月桂基硫酸鈉(SLS);及/或兩性離子界面活性劑,例如甜菜鹼界面活性劑,例如椰油醯胺丙基甜菜鹼,如呈用量0.1重量%至4.5重量%,如0.5至2重量%椰油醯胺丙基甜菜鹼;
1.16 任何前述組成物,其係呈牙粉、漱口水、口香糖或錠劑之形式;
1.17 任何前述組成物,進一步包括黏度改質量的一或多種聚合物,其選自聚乙二醇、多醣(如纖維素衍生物例如羧甲基纖維素,多醣膠例如三仙膠或角叉菜膠)、及其組合;
1.18 任何前述組成物,進一步包括香料、芳香及/或著色劑;
1.19 任何前述組成物,包括有效量的一或多種抗菌劑,例如包括抗菌劑選自經鹵化二苯醚(如三氯沙),草本萃取物與精油(如迷迭香萃取物、茶萃取物、木蘭萃取物、瑞香草酚、薄荷腦、桉油醇、香葉草醇、香旱芹酚、檸檬醛、檜木醇、兒茶酚、柳酸甲酯、兒茶素五倍子酸酯、兒茶素、五倍子酸、刷牙樹(miswak)萃取物、沙棘萃取物),雙胍防腐劑(如洛赫西定、阿立西定(alexidine)或奥替尼啶(octenidine)),四級銨化合物(如氯化鯨蠟基吡啶(CPC)、殺藻胺、氯化十四基吡啶(TPC)、氯化-N-十四基-4-乙基吡啶(TDEPC)),酚系防腐劑,雙辛氫啶(hexetidine),奥替尼啶,血根鹼,普維酮碘,地莫匹醇(delmopinol),5-正辛醯-3’-三氟甲基苯基水楊醯胺(salifluor),金屬離子(如鋅離子例如檸檬酸鋅、亞錫鹽、銅
鹽、鐵鹽),血根鹼,蜂膠與氧化劑(如過氧化氫、緩衝的過氧硼酸鈉或過氧碳酸鈉),酞酸與其鹽,單過氧苯二甲酸(monoperthalic acid)與其鹽及酯,硬脂酸抗壞血酸酯,油醯基肌胺酸,硫酸烷酯,磺琥珀酸二辛酯,柳醯胺苯,溴化度米芬(domiphen),地莫匹醇,辛哌醇(octapinol)與其他哌啶基衍生物,乳酸鏈球菌肽製劑(nisin preparation),亞氯酸鹽,及任何前述的混合物如包括三氯沙或氯化鯨蠟基吡啶;
1.20 任何前述組成物,包括抗菌有效量的三氯沙,如0.1至0.5%、如0.3%;
1.21 任何前述組成物,進一步包括增白劑,如選自由過氧化物、金屬亞氯酸鹽、過硼酸鹽、過碳酸鹽、過氧酸、次氯酸鹽、及其組合組成組群;
1.22 任何前述組成物,進一步包括過氧化氫或過氧化氫源,如過氧化脲或過氧化物鹽或錯合物(如過氧磷酸鹽、過氧碳酸鹽、過硼酸鹽、過氧矽酸鹽、或過硫酸鹽,例如過氧磷酸鈣、過硼酸鈉、碳酸鈉過氧化物、過氧磷酸鈉、及過硫酸鉀);
1.23 任何前述組成物,進一步包括妨礙或阻止細菌附接之試劑,如solbrol或聚葡萄胺糖;
1.24 任何前述組成物,進一步包括鈣與磷酸鹽來源,其選自(i)鈣-玻璃錯合物,如磷矽酸鈣鈉,及(ii)鈣-蛋白質錯合物,如酪蛋白磷肽-非晶質磷酸鈣;
1.25 任何前述組成物,進一步包括可溶性鈣鹽,如選自硫酸鈣、氯化鈣、硝酸鈣、乙酸鈣、乳酸鈣、及其組合;
1.26 任何前述組成物,進一步包括呈有效減少牙齒敏感性之生理或
口腔可接受鉀鹽,如硝酸鉀或氯化鉀;
1.27 任何前述組成物,進一步包括呼吸清新劑、芳香或香料;
1.28 任何前述組成物,其中組成物pH大約為中性,如pH 6至pH 8、如pH 7;
1.29 任何前述組成物,其中鋅離子源為鋅鹽,例如氧化檸檬酸鋅、乳酸鋅、氯化鋅、乙酸鋅、葡萄糖酸鋅、甘胺酸鋅、硫酸鋅、檸檬酸鈉鋅,呈用量0.01重量%至8重量%,以組成物總重量為基準,典型為0.1重量%至5重量%、或1重量%至4重量%、或1.5重量%,以口腔護理組成物總重量為基;
1.30 任何前述組成物,其不含一或多種下列:氧化鋅、胺基酸(特別是精胺酸)、或聚(環氧丙烷)/聚(環氧乙烷)共聚物;
1.32 任何前述組成物,其用於減少及抑制酸腐蝕琺瑯質、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜與菌斑、減少牙齦炎、抑制牙齒衰敗與齲蛀形成、及減少牙本質過敏症。
亦提供減少及抑制酸腐蝕琺瑯質、清潔牙齒、減少細
菌產生的生物膜與菌斑、減少牙齦炎、抑制牙齒衰敗與齲蛀形成、及減少牙本質過敏症之方法,包括對牙齒塗敷有效量的組成物,如任何組成物1以及下列等。
亦提供製作口腔護理組成物之方法,組成物包括(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑之矽石磨料,(b)檸檬酸鋅,(c)生物黏著劑,較好包括聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐(「PVM/MA」)共聚物,及(d)抗結石劑,較好包括焦磷酸四鉀(「TKPP」),如任何組成物1以及下列等,該方法包括將組份(a)、(b)、(c)及(d)與口腔護理基質,如牙粉或漱口水基質。
例如,在各種具體實例中,提供方法以(i)減少牙齒過敏性,(ii)減少菌斑累積,(iii)減少或抑制牙齒去礦化及促進牙齒再礦化,(iv)抑制微生物生物膜形成於口腔中,(v)減少或抑制牙齦炎,(vi)促進口中瘡或傷口癒合,(vii)減少產生酸的細菌水平,(viii)增加形成非齲齒及/或非菌斑細菌的相對水平,(ix)減少或抑制牙齒齲蛀形成,(x)減少、修復或抑制砝瑯質之預齲蛀損害,如藉由定量光誘致螢光(QLF)或電齲蛀測量(ECM)偵測,(xi)治療、緩解或減少口乾,(xii)清潔牙齒及口腔,(xiii)減少腐蝕,(xiv)增白牙齒,(xv)減少齒石堆積,及/或(xv)促進包含心血管健康之全身健康,如經由口腔組織減少全身感染之可能性;包括塗敷上述任何組成物1以及下列等於所需人士口腔,如每日一或多次。亦提供組成物1以及下列等用於任何此等方法。
亦提供(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑之矽石磨料、(b)檸檬酸鋅、(c)較好包括聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐(「PVM/MA」)共聚物之生物黏著劑、及(d)較好包括
焦磷酸四鉀(「TKPP」)之抗結石劑之用途,其係製造如根據任何組成物1以及下列等之口腔護理組成物。
亦提供(a)具有平均粒徑不大於牙本質小管直徑之矽石磨料、(b)檸檬酸鋅、(c)較好包括聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐(「PVM/MA」)共聚物之生物黏著劑、及(d)較好包括焦磷酸四鉀(「TKPP」)之抗結石劑之用途,其係減少或抑制酸腐蝕砝瑯質、清潔牙齒、減少細菌產生的生物膜與菌斑、減少牙齦炎、抑制牙齒衰敗與齲蛀形成、及/或減少牙本質過敏症。
一種產品形式類型為牙粉。術語「牙粉」一般代表用於清潔口腔表面之調配物。牙粉係針對全身投藥治療劑為目的並非有意吞嚥,而是塗敷於口腔,用以治療口腔,然後吐掉之口腔組成物。典型地,牙粉係與清潔器具(例如牙刷)一道使用,通常將其塗敷於牙刷刷毛,然後刷拂口腔可接近的表面。較佳者,牙粉係呈糊膏或凝膠形式(或其組合)。
另一種產品形式類型為漱口水。術語「漱口水」一般代表用於潤洗口腔表面並提供使用者潔淨及心曠神怡感覺之液體調配物。漱口水係針對全身投藥治療劑為目的並非有意吞嚥,而是塗敷於口腔,用以治療口腔,然後吐掉之口腔組成物。漱口水組成物通常將含有連續水相。一般水量範圍係70至99重量%,以漱口水總重量為基準。
在此說明書部分內,分類或討論具有特別效用之材料(如作為「活性」或「載體」成分)係適宜方便性,不應招來推論用於任何給定組成物時,材料必須根據本文分類而必然地或單獨地行使職責。
以下列非限制實施例闡述本發明。
配方A為發明牙膏組成物,配方B為對照牙膏組成物。除了含有2%TKPP、1%TSPP、且無Gantrez外,配方C相似於配方A。除了含有1%TKPP、1%TSPP、且無Gantrez外,配方D相似於配方A。除了未含鋅外,配方E相似於配方A。
進行實驗以便評估牙膏組成物之生物膜減少效力。
此實施例中,所用實驗方法論為Biofilm Growth Inhibition University of Manchester Model,其使用具有以下表格載
述關鍵成分之標準牙膏調配物。此模型的協定如下:
(1)從四位健康自願者收集齒斑,聯合一起為接種體。接種體之光學密度於610nm符合0.3吸收率。
(2)使滅菌羥磷灰石(HAP)圓盤於37℃厭氧條件下培養24小時,在24井微量盤中以1mL滅菌人造涎(具0.01重量%蔗糖)及1mL聯合的涎。
(3)針對各試驗牙粉(及針對各對照組),補足1重量份牙粉:2重量份滅菌蒸餾水之處理溶液。將各新鮮製備的處理溶液添加至三個井,與在那裏的HAP圓盤接觸10分鐘。
(4)然後移除各井的液相,並用2mL滅菌人造涎代替。
(5)使圓盤然後於37℃厭氧條件下維持8日。
(6)在2、4及8日間隔時,無菌地收集圓盤,並轉移至半強度預減少的氫硫乙酸鹽媒質(每圓盤4.5ml)。
(7)在全部革蘭氏陰性厭氧菌之新黴素/萬古黴素(NV)洋菜上,將100μL稀釋液10-4、10-5及10-6對各圓盤製成複製平板。
(8)使用無菌塗撒機表面展開平板,於37℃厭氧地培養72小時,其後計數各平板上菌落數目。
計算各試驗牙粉或控制組織log10 CFU/ml(其中CFU=菌落形成單位)。較低log10 CFU/ml指出試驗的牙粉對抑制生物膜生長具有較大效力。
試驗結果顯示於以下表格。
此實施例中,所用實驗方法論為人造嘴方法,其使用具有以下表格載述關鍵成分之標準牙膏調配物。人造嘴方法協定敘述如下:
1.將經涎塗布的HAP圓盤置入流通槽,並與一個流動媒質通路連接。
2.媒質從儲液槽流經流通槽並移動至廢料。
3.使用未處理樣品作為試驗牙粉效力之對照組。
4.然後將1:2稀釋牙粉(10ml)之治療溶液引入流通槽而與圓盤接觸。
5.恢復媒質流動以潤洗治療,進一步令生物膜生長於研究期間。
6.用調整刺激人類口腔條件之流動,在時間間隔24小時內重複治
療。
7.研究結束時收集HAP圓盤,並導入厭氧媒質,漩渦使圓盤上菌斑徹底懸浮於溶液。
8.吸管抽出300μl懸浮液加入96井微量盤,在微量盤讀數器中讀取630nm之光學密度(OD)。
9.使用EXCEL試算表計算不同治療之平均數及標準差。OD越低,治療效力越好。
10.從流通槽收集懸浮液,用厭氧轉移媒質連續地稀釋。
11.將連續稀釋液於乙酸鉛平板上製成平板,並在37℃厭氧培養2至3日。
12.計算HAP圓盤上真實菌落形成單位,以Log CFU/圓盤報告最終結果。數值越低,治療效力越好。
結果係於以下表格。
進行臨床研究,比較發明牙膏(配方A)與對照牙膏(配方B)之牙齒敏感性有效。觸覺及吹氣過敏性進行兩個治療組群,一組用配方A每日刷牙,一組用配方B每日刷牙。在0、2、4及8周決定觸覺及吹氣過敏性。
結果:
基線-觸覺及吹氣過敏性
兩個治療組群之基線平均過敏性分數(觸覺及吹氣)沒有統計上顯著差異。
刷牙兩周後-觸覺及吹氣過敏性
組群間比較
兩個治療組群之兩周平均過敏性分數(觸覺及吹氣)沒有統計上顯著差異。
刷牙四周後-觸覺及吹氣過敏性
組群間比較
相對用配方B刷牙之組群,配方A組群在四周產品使用後對平均觸覺及吹氣過敏性分數展現統計上顯著改良(分別23.50%及21.39%)。
刷牙八周後-觸覺及吹氣過敏性
組群間比較
相對用配方B刷牙之組群,配方A組群在八周產品使用後對平均觸覺及吹氣過敏性分數展現統計上顯著改良(分別41.18%及27.69%)。
治療內:
配方A組群對所有後基線(post-baseline)測量(2、4及8周)較基線提供顯著過敏性更減少於觸覺及吹氣。
Claims (9)
- 一種口腔護理組成物,包括(a)具有平均粒徑為1.5至6微米之矽石磨料、(b)檸檬酸鋅為該組成物的總重量的0.2至5重量百分比、(c)生物黏著劑、(d)抗結石劑、及(e)氟化物,其中,該矽石磨料為該口腔護理組成物的總重量的4至6重量百分比,該生物黏著劑係為該組成物的總重量的1至2重量百分比之聚乙烯基甲基醚/順丁烯二酐共聚物,該抗結石劑係為該組成物的總重量的1至3重量百分比之焦磷酸四鉀或焦磷酸四鈉,其中該氟化物係選自氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、氟化鉀、氟矽酸鈉、氟矽酸銨、氟化胺、氟化銨、氟化鈦、六氟硫酸鹽及其組合。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口腔護理組成物,進一步包括一或多種界面活性劑,其選自陰離子、陽離子、兩性離子、及非離子界面活性劑、及其混合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口腔護理組成物,進一步包括選自甘油、山梨醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、木糖醇及其混合物之保濕劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口腔護理組成物,進一步包括黏度改質量的一或多種聚合物,其選自聚乙二醇、多醣、纖維素衍生物、羧甲基纖維素,多醣膠、三仙膠、角叉菜膠、及其組合。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口腔護理組成物,進一步包括緩衝劑、香料、著色劑、芳香、增白劑或其組合。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之口腔護理組成物,進一步包括有效量的一或多種抗菌劑,其選自由經鹵化二苯醚、三氯沙、草本萃取物、精油、迷迭香萃取物、茶萃取物、木蘭萃取物、瑞香草酚、薄荷腦、桉油醇、香葉草醇、香旱芹酚、檸檬醛、檜木醇、兒茶酚、柳酸甲酯、兒茶素五倍子酸酯、兒茶素、五倍子酸、刷牙樹(miswak)萃取物、沙棘萃取物、雙胍防腐劑、洛赫西定、阿立西定(alexidine)或奥替尼啶(octenidine)、四級銨化合物、氯化鯨蠟基吡啶(CPC)、殺藻胺、氯化十四基吡啶(TPC)、氯化-N-十四基-4-乙基吡啶(TDEPC)、酚系防腐劑、雙辛氫啶(hexetidine)、奥替尼啶、血根鹼、普維酮碘、地莫匹醇(delmopinol)、5-正辛醯-3’-三氟甲基苯基水楊醯胺(salifluor)、亞錫鹽、銅鹽、鐵鹽、血根鹼、蜂膠與氧化劑、過氧化氫、緩衝的過氧硼酸鈉或過氧碳酸鈉、酞酸與其鹽、單過氧苯二甲酸(monoperthalic acid)與其鹽及酯、硬脂酸抗壞血酸酯、油醯基肌胺酸、硫酸烷酯、磺琥珀酸二辛酯、柳醯胺苯、溴化度米芬(domiphen)、地莫匹醇、辛哌醇(octapinol)與其他哌啶基衍生物、乳酸鏈球菌肽製劑(nisin preparation)、亞氯酸鹽、及任何前述的混合物組成組群。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之口腔護理組成物,其係用於減少或抑制口腔中生物膜形成。
- 根據申請專利範圍第1項之口腔護理組成物,其係用於減少或抑制牙本質過敏症。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1項之口腔護理組成物用於製備用以減少或抑制口腔中生物膜形成或牙本質過敏症口腔組成物之用途。
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| MX2020002125A (es) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-07-20 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Composiciones para el cuidado bucal. |
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| US11260016B2 (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2022-03-01 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care compositions and methods for the same |
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| AU2020337430B2 (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2023-11-02 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Zinc phosphate containing compositions |
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| CN115916352A (zh) * | 2020-06-26 | 2023-04-04 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 口腔护理组合物 |
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2015
- 2015-03-24 TW TW104109287A patent/TWI715530B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2015-04-30 AR ARP150101328A patent/AR100260A1/es unknown
-
2016
- 2016-10-07 PH PH12016501996A patent/PH12016501996A1/en unknown
- 2016-10-10 IL IL248281A patent/IL248281A0/en unknown
- 2016-10-10 ZA ZA2016/06939A patent/ZA201606939B/en unknown
-
2019
- 2019-02-04 RU RU2019102954A patent/RU2019102954A/ru unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002045678A2 (en) | 2000-12-05 | 2002-06-13 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Zinc containing dentifrice of reduced astringency |
| WO2007076444A2 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-05 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Improved oral compositions comprising zinc citrate and/or tocopherol agents |
| US20080267891A1 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-10-30 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral Care Composition To Reduce Or Eliminate Dental Sensitivity |
| CN102652028A (zh) * | 2009-12-21 | 2012-08-29 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 含有光敏染料的试剂盒 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IL248281A0 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
| MX367954B (es) | 2019-09-20 |
| CN106456461A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
| AR100260A1 (es) | 2016-09-21 |
| RU2016142513A3 (zh) | 2018-05-30 |
| AU2014392723A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
| CA2946273A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
| MX2019011065A (es) | 2019-11-12 |
| RU2016142513A (ru) | 2018-05-30 |
| RU2019102954A3 (zh) | 2020-08-04 |
| MX2016013937A (es) | 2017-01-09 |
| US20170049671A1 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
| TW201622693A (zh) | 2016-07-01 |
| PH12016501996B1 (en) | 2016-12-19 |
| BR112016024666B1 (pt) | 2021-04-13 |
| RU2019102954A (ru) | 2020-08-04 |
| CN106456461B (zh) | 2020-03-06 |
| PH12016501996A1 (en) | 2016-12-19 |
| AU2014392723B2 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
| CA2946273C (en) | 2021-07-06 |
| EP3137040A1 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| BR112016024666A2 (pt) | 2018-06-19 |
| MX391321B (es) | 2025-03-21 |
| WO2015167488A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
| ZA201606939B (en) | 2024-07-31 |
| EP3137040B1 (en) | 2022-08-24 |
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| MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |