TWI786864B - drive unit - Google Patents

Abstract

A driving device includes: a motor including a rotor rotating around a first axis; and a transmission mechanism transmitting power of the motor. The transmission mechanism includes: a deceleration device that transmits the power of the motor; a differential device that transmits the power of the motor transmitted through the deceleration device to an output shaft; and a separation mechanism provided on the deceleration device. The deceleration device includes: a first gear rotating around the first axis; an intermediate shaft including a first shaft portion and a second shaft portion rotating around a second axis parallel to the first axis; a second gear, A third gear is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft portion and engages with the first gear; and a third gear is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second shaft portion and engages with the gear of the differential device. The separation mechanism switches between a connection state connecting the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion, and a disconnection state releasing the connection between the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion.

Description

drive unit

The invention relates to a driving device.

This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-075561 for which it applied in Japan on April 21, 2020, and uses the content here.

In recent years, the development of driving devices mounted on electric vehicles has been actively developed. Patent Document 1 discloses a power transmission device for an electric motor. The power transmission device for an electric motor is provided with a power transmission between the reduction gear and the differential case on the torque transmission path from the electric motor to the differential. intermittent device.

[Prior art literature]

[Patent Document]

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-113874

In the conventional electric motor power transmission device, since the power interrupter is disposed on the outer periphery of the differential, the power interrupter tends to increase in size, and it is difficult to mount the power interrupter in vehicles that have been miniaturized in recent years. Therefore, consider connecting directly to the The rotor shaft of the motor is provided with a separation mechanism to reduce the size of the separation mechanism, but there is a problem that the rotation speed of the rotor shaft is high and it is difficult to be smoothly connected by the separation mechanism.

One of the objects of one aspect of the present invention is to provide a drive device including a separation mechanism capable of smooth connection.

The driving device of the present invention includes: a motor including a rotor rotating around a first axis; and a transmission mechanism transmitting power of the motor. The transmission mechanism includes: a deceleration device, which transmits the power of the motor; a differential device, which transmits the power of the motor transmitted through the deceleration device to the output shaft; and a separation mechanism, which is arranged on the deceleration device. The speed reduction device includes: a first gear rotating around a first axis; an intermediate shaft including a first shaft portion and a second shaft portion rotating around a second axis parallel to the first axis; a second gear disposed on the first shaft portion The outer peripheral surface of the second shaft meshes with the first gear; and the third gear is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the second shaft part and meshes with the gear of the differential device. Switching of the separation mechanism: a connection state of connecting the first shaft part and the second shaft part, and a disconnection state of releasing the connection of the first shaft part and the second shaft part.

According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a drive device including a separation mechanism that enables smooth connection.

1: Drive device

2: motor

3: Delivery mechanism

3A~3E: Bearing

4:Deceleration device

5: Differential device

6: Housing

7: Separation mechanism

8: Converter unit (converter)

10: Pump Department

10a: Pump mechanism

20: rotor

21: rotor shaft

22: Hollow part

24: rotor core

30: stator

31: Coil

32: Stator core

33:Stator support member

33a: Groove

41: First gear

42: second gear

43: Third gear

45: intermediate shaft

45a: first shaft part

45b: second shaft part

47: The first external spline

48: Second external spline

51: ring gear

52: Differential case

55: output shaft

60:Motor housing part

62: Gear housing part

62a: Actuator housing

62b: cover

63: wall

64: The first car body fixing part (car body fixing part)

65: Second car body fixing part (car body fixing part)

66: Transmission shaft protection department

67: The third car body fixing part (car body fixing part)

68: Converter housing part

70: Actuator

71: Position sensor

72: Rotation sensor

73: Sleeve (relay component)

73a: Internal spline

73b: concave groove

74: Guide pillar

75: Lead screw (drive shaft)

76:Sliding Nut

76a: Nut hole

76b: Guide hole

77: Shift fork

77a: Incision

77b: magnet holding part

81: Main control department (control department)

82: Separation Mechanism Control Department

83: Power supply department

90: oil circuit

91: The first oil circuit

92: The second oil circuit

601: screw hole

613: cover member

681: Opening

682: The part of the case part of the converter that overlaps with a part of the differential device

701: drive motor

711: The first magnet

721: second magnet (magnet)

J1: Motor axis (first axis)

J2: Intermediate axis (second axis)

J3: output axis (third axis)

J4: central axis

J5: Guide axis

O: Oil

P: Reservoir

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a driving device according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a drive device according to an embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a drive device according to an embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a motor, a transmission mechanism, and an inverter in the drive device according to the embodiment.

5 is a perspective view of a motor, a transmission mechanism, and an inverter in the drive device according to the embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a side view of a separation mechanism and an intermediate shaft in the drive device according to the embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a separation mechanism and an intermediate shaft in the drive device according to the embodiment.

In the following description, the direction of gravity is specified based on the positional relationship when the drive device 1 is mounted on a vehicle located on a horizontal road surface. In addition, in the drawings, an XYZ coordinate system is appropriately shown as a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system. In the XYZ coordinate system, the Z-axis direction represents the vertical direction (that is, the up-down direction), the +Z direction represents the up side (opposite the gravity direction), and the -Z direction represents the down side (the gravity direction). In addition, the X-axis direction indicates a direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction, and indicates the front-rear direction of the vehicle on which the drive device 1 is mounted, the +X direction indicates the vehicle front, and the -X direction indicates the vehicle rear.

However, the +X direction may be the rear of the vehicle, and the −X direction may be the front of the vehicle. The Y-axis direction indicates a direction perpendicular to both the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and indicates the width direction (left-right direction) of the vehicle, the +Y direction is the left side of the vehicle, and the -Y direction is the right side of the vehicle. However, when the +X direction is behind the vehicle, the +Y direction can also be the vehicle The right side of the vehicle, and the -Y direction is the left side of the vehicle. That is, regardless of the direction of the X-axis, only the +Y direction is one side of the vehicle left-right direction, and the -Y direction is the other side of the vehicle left-right direction.

In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the direction (Y-axis direction) parallel to the motor axis (first axis) J1 of the motor 2 is simply referred to as the "axis direction", and the +Y side in the axial direction is simply referred to as "axis direction". On one side in the axial direction, the −Y side is referred to as the other side in the axial direction. Furthermore, in the following description, the radial direction centered on the motor axis J1 is simply referred to as the "radial direction", and the circumferential direction centered on the motor axis J1, that is, the direction around the axis of the motor axis J1 is referred to as the "circumferential direction". . Wherein, the "parallel direction" also includes substantially parallel directions.

<drive unit>

The driving device 1 of the present embodiment is mounted on an electric vehicle (Electric Vehicle, EV) and used as a power source thereof. Furthermore, the drive device 1 can also be installed in vehicles using a motor as a power source, such as a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), a plug-in hybrid vehicle (Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle, PHV), and the like.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the drive device 1 includes a motor 2 , a transmission mechanism 3 , a case 6 , oil O accommodated in the case 6 , a pump unit 10 , and a converter unit (inverter) 8 . The transmission mechanism 3 transmits the power of the motor 2 to a pair of output shafts 55 . The casing 6 accommodates the motor 2 , the transmission mechanism 3 , and the converter unit 8 . The casing 6 includes: a motor casing portion 60 for housing the motor 2, a gear casing portion 62 for accommodating the transmission mechanism 3, a converter housing portion 68 for accommodating the converter unit 8, and a partition between the motor housing portion 60 and the gear. The wall portion 63 of the housing portion 62 .

<motor>

As shown in FIG. 1 , the motor 2 includes a rotor 20 rotating around a motor axis J1 extending in the horizontal direction, a stator 30 located radially outside of the rotor 20 , and a stator support member surrounding the stator 30 from the radially outside. 33. The motor 2 is an inner rotor type motor in which the rotor 20 is arranged inside the stator 30 .

The stator 30 surrounds the rotor 20 from the outside in the radial direction. The stator 30 includes a stator core 32 , a coil 31 , and an insulator (not shown) interposed between the stator core 32 and the coil 31 . The stator 30 is held by the motor case portion 60 . In the present embodiment, the stator 30 is held by the motor case portion 60 via the stator supporting member 33 .

The stator supporting member 33 has a cylindrical shape centered on the motor axis J1. The inner surface of the stator supporting member 33 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 32 . A groove 33 a is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the stator supporting member 33 . The groove 33a extends along the circumferential direction. Cooling water supplied from a not-shown radiator flows through the groove 33a. That is, the groove 33 a functions as a flow path of cooling water for cooling the stator 30 . Furthermore, the groove 33 a may also be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stator supporting member 33 . In this case, the outer peripheral surface of the stator support member 33 is in contact with the inner surface of the motor case portion 60 , and cooling water flows through the region surrounded by the groove 33 a and the inner surface of the motor case portion 60 as a flow path.

The rotor 20 includes a rotor shaft 21 , a rotor core 24 , and rotor magnets (not shown). The rotor shaft 21 is centered on a motor axis J1 extending in the horizontal direction and in the width direction of the vehicle. The rotor shaft 21 is a hollow shaft including a hollow portion 22 inside. The rotor shaft 21 protrudes from the motor case portion 60 into the gear case portion 62 . The end portion of the rotor shaft 21 protruding to the gear case portion 62 is connected to the transmission mechanism 3 .

In the present embodiment, the rotor shaft 21 is made of a single member. line description. However, the rotor shaft 21 may also be divided into a portion disposed inside the motor housing portion 60 and a portion disposed inside the gear housing portion 62 , and these portions are connected to each other on the motor axis J1 .

<Converter unit>

As shown in FIG. 6 , the converter unit 8 includes a main control unit (control unit) 81 , a separation mechanism control unit 82 , and a power supply unit 83 . The separation mechanism control unit 82 controls the separation mechanism 7 . Also, the power supply unit 83 controls the power supplied to the motor 2 . Thereby, the power supply unit 83 controls the rotation speed of the motor 2 . The main control unit 81 controls the separation mechanism control unit 82 and the power supply unit 83 .

<transfer agency>

As shown in FIG. 1 , the transmission mechanism 3 includes: a reduction gear 4 , a differential gear 5 , and a separation mechanism 7 . The transmission mechanism 3 transmits the power of the motor 2 . The transmission mechanism 3 is connected to the rotor shaft 21 on the other side of the motor axis J1 in the axial direction. The torque output from the motor 2 is transmitted to the differential device 5 via the reduction gear 4 . That is, the transmission mechanism 3 includes: a speed reduction device 4 that decelerates and transmits the rotation of the motor 2 ; a differential device 5 that transmits the power of the motor 2 transmitted through the speed reduction device 4 to the output shaft 55 ; Institution7. The separation mechanism 7 connects and disconnects power between the motor 2 and the differential device 5 .

The speed reduction device 4 is a parallel shaft gear type speed reducer in which the axes of the gears are arranged in parallel. The reduction gear 4 includes: a first gear 41 , an intermediate shaft 45 , a second gear 42 , and a third gear 43 .

The first gear 41 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor shaft 21 . first gear 41 It rotates around the motor axis J1 together with the rotor shaft 21 .

The intermediate shaft 45, the second gear 42, and the third gear 43 are arranged around an intermediate axis (second axis) J2 parallel to the motor axis J1. The intermediate shaft 45 extends alongside the rotor shaft 21 . The intermediate shaft 45 is rotatably supported by the inner surface of the gear housing portion 62 . The separation mechanism 7 is provided on the intermediate shaft 45 .

The intermediate shaft 45 includes: a first shaft portion 45a and a second shaft portion 45b. Both the first shaft portion 45a and the second shaft portion 45b extend in the axial direction centering on the intermediate axis J2. The first shaft part 45a and the second shaft part 45b rotate around the intermediate axis J2.

The first shaft portion 45a is a hollow shaft in which a hollow portion is provided. On the other hand, the second shaft portion 45b is a solid shaft whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the first shaft portion 45a. The second shaft portion 45b is disposed on one side (+Y side) in the axial direction of the first shaft portion 45a. The end portion on the other side (-Y side) in the axial direction of the second shaft portion 45b is inserted into the hollow portion on one side in the axial direction of the first shaft portion 45a. Between the outer peripheral surface on the other axial direction side of the 2nd shaft part 45b, and the inner peripheral surface of the 1st shaft part 45a, for example, a needle bearing (illustration omitted) is interposed. The 1st shaft part 45a and the 2nd shaft part 45b are each independently rotatable. In addition, as described below, the first shaft portion 45 a and the second shaft portion 45 b may be connected by the separation mechanism 7 . The first shaft portion 45 a and the second shaft portion 45 b rotate synchronously in a state connected by the separation mechanism 7 (connected state).

In addition, in this embodiment, the case where the 2nd shaft part 45b is inserted in the hollow part only in the one end part of the 1st shaft part 45a is demonstrated. However, the second shaft portion 45b may also be inserted into the hollow portion of the first shaft portion 45a over the entire length of the first shaft portion 45a.

The second gear 42 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft portion 45a. second gear 42 rotates around the intermediate axis J2 together with the first shaft portion 45a. The second gear 42 meshes with the first gear 41 .

The third gear 43 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second shaft portion 45b. The third gear 43 rotates around the intermediate axis J2 together with the second shaft portion 45b. The third gear 43 meshes with a gear of the differential device 5 (specifically, the ring gear 51 ).

The differential device 5 transmits the torque output from the motor 2 to an output shaft 55 of the vehicle. The differential device 5 includes, in addition to the ring gear 51 engaged with the third gear 43 of the speed reduction device 4 , a differential case, pinion gears, pinion shafts, side gears, etc., which are not shown in the figure. The ring gear 51 rotates about an output axis (third axis) J3 parallel to the motor axis J1. The differential device 5 is connected to an output shaft 55 . The output shaft 55 extends along the output axis J3. The pair of output shafts 55 are respectively connected to wheels. The differential device 5 absorbs the speed difference between the left and right wheels when the vehicle turns, and transmits torque to the output shafts 55 of the left and right wheels.

<Separation Mechanism>

The separation mechanism 7 is provided on the intermediate shaft 45 . The separation mechanism 7 switches between a connection state of connecting the first shaft portion 45 a and the second shaft portion 45 b of the intermediate shaft 45 and a disconnection state of releasing the connection of the first shaft portion 45 a and the second shaft portion 45 b.

A first external spline 47 is provided on the outer periphery of the end portion on one axial side (+Y side) of the first shaft portion 45 a. On the other hand, a second external spline 48 is provided on the outer periphery of the end portion on the other side (-Y side) in the axial direction of the second shaft portion 45b. The first external splines 47 and the second external splines 48 are arranged along the axial direction of the middle axis J2.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the separation mechanism 7 includes an actuator 70 , a slide nut 76 , a shift fork 77 , a guide post 74 , and a sleeve (relay member) 73 .

The actuator 70 includes a drive motor 701 and a lead screw (drive shaft) 75 . The actuator 70 is arranged around a central axis J4 extending parallel to the motor axis J1. The actuator 70 is fixed to the gear housing portion 62 .

The lead screw 75 is connected to the driving motor 701 . The drive motor 701 rotates the lead screw 75 about the central axis J4. The driving motor 701 can also be a gear motor, for example, including: a motor body and a plurality of gears for reducing the power of the motor body.

The lead screw 75 extends along the central axis J4. The lead screw 75 is supported by the housing 6 so as to be rotatable about the central axis J4. Male threads are provided on the outer periphery of the lead screw 75 .

The guide post 74 has a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction. The guide post 74 is arranged along a guide axis J5 extending parallel to the motor axis J1. That is, the guide post 74 extends parallel to the lead screw 75 . The guide post 74 is supported by the housing 6 .

A nut hole 76 a and a guide hole 76 b are provided in the sliding nut 76 . The nut hole 76a is a female thread into which the male thread of the lead screw 75 fits is provided in the inner peripheral surface of the nut hole 76a. The lead screw 75 is inserted into the nut hole 76a. Moreover, the guide post 74 is inserted into the guide hole 76b. The slide nut 76, the lead screw 75, and the guide post 74 constitute a ball screw mechanism. The slide nut 76 is guided by the guide post 74 and moves in the axial direction as the lead screw 75 rotates around the central axis J4.

The shift fork 77 has a plate shape extending along a plane perpendicular to the axial direction. The shift fork 77 is connected to the slide nut 76 . The shift fork 77 and the sliding nut 76 may also be connected to each other through elastic members such as coil springs. The shift fork 77 moves in the axial direction as the slide nut 76 moves in the axial direction. The shift fork 77 is provided with an arcuate notch 77a. on the cutout 77a Sleeve 73 is arranged inside. The inner surface of the notch portion 77 a extends along the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 73 .

The sleeve 73 has an annular shape centered on the output axis J3. The sleeve 73 is arranged to surround the intermediate shaft 45 . On the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 73, a concave groove 73b extending along the peripheral direction is provided. Insert the shift fork 77 into the concave groove 73b. The sleeve 73 moves in the axial direction together with the shift fork 77 . That is, the sleeve 73 is connected to the actuator 70 via the slide nut 76 and the shift fork 77 , and is driven by the actuator 70 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , inner splines 73 a are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 73 . The inner spline 73a can be fitted to the first outer spline 47 of the first shaft portion 45a and the second outer spline 48 of the second shaft portion 45b.

In the connected state, the inner spline 73a of the sleeve 73 is fitted in both the first outer spline 47 of the first shaft portion 45a and the second outer spline 48 of the second shaft portion 45b. The sleeve 73 connects the first shaft portion 45a and the second shaft portion 45b in a connected state. In the connected state, the first shaft portion 45a, the sleeve 73, and the second shaft portion 45b rotate synchronously. In the connected state, the intermediate shaft 45 transmits the power of the motor 2 to the differential device 5 .

In the disconnected state, the inner spline 73a of the sleeve 73 is separated from any one of the first outer spline 47 of the first shaft portion 45a and the second outer spline 48 of the second shaft portion 45b. That is, the sleeve 73 in the connected state is separated from at least one of the first shaft portion 45a or the second shaft portion 45b in the disconnected state. As an example, the internal spline 73a in the disconnected state is fitted only to the first external spline 47 and separated from the second external spline 48 . In this case, the sleeve 73 rotates synchronously with the first shaft portion 45a, but rotates independently of the second shaft portion 45b. Furthermore, the internal spline 73a in the disconnected state may only be fitted to the second external spline 48, and the The first external spline 47 separates. In the disconnected state, the intermediate shaft 45 does not transmit the power of the motor 2 to the differential device 5 .

Based on FIG. 6 , a method of controlling the separation mechanism 7 will be described. In addition, among the lines showing wiring in FIG. 6 , dotted lines indicate signal lines, and solid lines indicate power supply lines.

The actuator 70 is electrically connected to the separation mechanism control part 82 of the converter unit 8 via a signal line and a power line. The actuator 70 operates according to an instruction from the separation mechanism control unit 82 . The separation mechanism control unit 82 can change the separation mechanism 7 from the connected state to the disconnected state, or from the disconnected state to the connected state by controlling the actuator 70 .

A position sensor 71 and a rotation sensor 72 are provided on the separation mechanism 7 . That is, the driving device 1 includes a position sensor 71 and a rotation sensor 72 . The position sensor 71 and the rotation sensor 72 are respectively fixed to the gear housing part 62 . The position sensor 71 and the rotation sensor 72 are respectively electrically connected to the separation mechanism control part 82 of the converter unit 8 via signal wires.

The position sensor 71 measures the position of the first magnet 711 by detecting the magnetic flux of the first magnet 711 . In this embodiment, the first magnet 711 is fixed to the shift fork 77 . More specifically, the first magnet 711 is attached to the magnet holding portion 77 b fixed to the shift fork 77 . Therefore, the first magnet 711 moves in the axial direction together with the shift fork 77 . The position sensor 71, for example, sends the detection of the first magnet 711 to the separation mechanism control unit 82 when the first magnet 711 is disposed within the detection range, and stops feeding the separation mechanism when the first magnet 711 is disposed outside the detection range. The control unit 82 sends. The separation mechanism control unit 82 is based on the detection result of the first magnet 711 obtained by the position sensor 71. As a result, the actual positions of the shift fork 77 and the sleeve 73 are grasped.

The rotation sensor 72 detects the magnetic flux of the second magnet (magnet) 721 . In this embodiment, the second magnet 721 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the second shaft portion 45b. Therefore, the second magnet 721 rotates around the intermediate axis J2 together with the second shaft portion 45b. The rotation sensor 72 sends the detection result of the second magnet 721 to the separation mechanism control unit 82 . The separation mechanism control unit 82 grasps the rotation speed of the second shaft portion 45b based on the detection period of the second magnet 721 by the rotation sensor 72 . That is, the rotation sensor 72 measures the rotation speed of the second shaft portion 45b by detecting the magnetic flux of the second magnet 721 attached to the second shaft portion 45b.

Next, control of each unit by the main control unit 81 when the separation mechanism 7 is changed from the disconnected state to the connected state will be described.

In addition, either one of the front wheel and the rear wheel of the vehicle here is driven by the driving device 1 of this embodiment, and the other is driven by a separately prepared driving device (for example, an engine, etc.). Also, the vehicle travels by a separately prepared drive device, and the disconnection mechanism 7 is changed from the disconnected state to the connected state for the traveling vehicle. Therefore, before the separation mechanism 7 operates, the second shaft portion 45b rotates, and the first shaft portion 45a stops.

First, the main control unit 81 causes the separation mechanism control unit 82 to obtain the number of revolutions of the second shaft portion 45b. The separation mechanism control unit 82 obtains the number of revolutions of the second shaft portion 45 b from the rotation sensor 72 and transmits it to the main control unit 81 .

Next, the main control unit 81 controls the rotation speed of the motor 2 through the power supply unit 83 . The main control unit 81 sends an instruction to the power supply unit 83, and the power supply unit 83 converts the power from the battery (not shown) into a three-phase AC current and supplies it to the motor. Up to 2. The main control unit 81 controls the number of revolutions of the motor 2 by changing the frequency of the three-phase alternating current in the power supply unit 83 . The main controller 81 gradually increases the number of revolutions of the motor 2 so that the number of revolutions of the first shaft portion 45 a approaches the second shaft portion 45 b measured by the rotation sensor 72 .

The main control unit 81 issues a command to the separation mechanism control unit 82 to operate the separation mechanism 7 when the rotation speed of the motor 2 increases and the rotation speeds of the first shaft portion 45 a and the second shaft portion 45 b substantially match. More specifically, electric power is supplied from the separation mechanism control unit 82 to the actuator 70 to move the sleeve 73 , and the first shaft portion 45 a and the second shaft portion 45 b are connected via the sleeve 73 .

Then, the main control unit 81 enables the separation mechanism control unit 82 to obtain the position information of the sleeve 73 . The separation mechanism control unit 82 obtains the position information of the sleeve 73 from the position sensor 71 and transmits it to the main control unit 81 . Thereby, the main control unit 81 confirms whether or not the transition to the connected state is completed. According to this control method, by making the rotation speeds of the first shaft portion 45a and the second shaft portion 45b match and then transitioning to the connected state, the shock accompanying the connection can be suppressed and smooth connection can be performed.

According to the present embodiment, the separation mechanism 7 is provided on the intermediate shaft 45 . The intermediate shaft 45 is decelerated relative to the rotor shaft 21 and rotates at a slower speed than the rotor shaft 21 . Therefore, by providing the separation mechanism 7 on the intermediate shaft 45, it is easy to control the synchronization of the rotation speeds at the time of connection. According to the present embodiment, the synchronous control of the rotational speeds of the first shaft portion 45a and the second shaft portion 45b can be easily performed, and the driving device 1 including the separation mechanism 7 enabling smooth connection can be provided.

According to the present embodiment, the lead screw 75 of the actuator 70 is Centered and extended in the axial direction. The central axis J4 of the actuator 70 extends parallel to the motor axis J1, the intermediate axis J2, and the output axis J3. Therefore, when viewing the driving device 1 from the axial direction, it is easy to stack the actuator 70 on the motor 2 and the transmission mechanism 3 , so that the projected area of the driving device 1 in the axial direction can be reduced. According to this embodiment, the drive device 1 can be downsized.

In addition, in this embodiment, the actuator 70 rotates the lead screw 75 which is a drive shaft around the central axis J4. However, the actuator 70 can also operate the drive shaft in the axial direction. In this case, a solenoid can be used as the drive unit of the actuator 70 .

According to the present embodiment, the main control unit 81 controls the separation mechanism 7 based on the measurement result of the rotation speed of the second shaft portion 45 b obtained by the rotation sensor 72 . That is, the main control unit 81 can calculate the timing of connecting the first shaft portion 45a and the second shaft portion 45b based on the measurement result of the rotation speed of the second shaft portion 45b obtained by the rotation sensor 72, and can connect the second shaft portion 45a to the second shaft portion 45b. The one shaft portion 45a is smoothly connected to the second shaft portion 45b.

According to the present embodiment, the main control unit 81 controls not only the separation mechanism 7 but also the motor 2 . Therefore, the main control part 81 can control the motor 2 through the power supply part 83, and after the rotation speed of the first shaft part 45a is close to the rotation speed of the second shaft part 45b, the disconnection mechanism 7 changes from the disconnected state to the connected state. According to the separation mechanism 7 of the present embodiment, the number of rotations of the second shaft portion 45b can be grasped more accurately than when the number of rotations of the second shaft portion 45b is predicted based on the vehicle speed, so that synchronization at the time of connection can be accurately performed. , and a smooth connection can be achieved. In addition, the separation mechanism 7 can easily perform synchronization of the first shaft portion 45a and the second shaft portion 45b, thereby simplifying control.

In addition, the main control unit 81 may make the rotation speed of the first shaft portion 45a close to the rotation speed of the second shaft portion 45b from a state higher than the rotation speed of the second shaft portion 45b, thereby turning the separation mechanism into a cut-off state. When the first shaft portion 45 a and the second shaft portion 45 b are connected by the separation mechanism 7 , rotational energy is lost. Therefore, by changing the rotation speed of the first shaft portion 45a from a state slightly higher than that of the second shaft portion 45b to the connected state, the rotation speed of the first shaft portion 45a is easily compared with the second shaft portion 45a due to the energy loss accompanying the connection. The number of revolutions of the two shaft parts 45b is the same, so that smoother connection can be performed.

<shell>

The housing 6 includes: a motor housing portion 60 , a gear housing portion 62 , a wall portion 63 , and an inverter housing portion 68 . Among the gear case part 62 , the wall part 63 , and the inverter case part 68 , a part is integral with the motor case part 60 , and the other part is fixed to the motor case part 60 by bolts.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the motor case portion 60 extends cylindrically along the motor axis J1. The motor case portion 60 opens to one side (+Y side) in the axial direction. The opening of the motor case portion 60 is covered with a cover member 613 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the gear case portion 62 is disposed on the other side (−Y side) in the axial direction of the motor case portion 60 . The gear housing part 62 holds the bearing 3A, the bearing 3E, and the pump part 10 . The bearing 3A rotatably supports the other axial end of the rotor shaft 21 . The bearing 3E supports the output shaft 55 whose rotation is transmitted from the differential device 5 . The pump unit 10 is located on the other side of the intermediate shaft 45 in the axial direction, and pumps the oil O as the intermediate shaft 45 rotates.

An actuator housing portion for housing the actuator 70 is provided on the gear housing portion 62 62a. The actuator accommodating portion 62a has a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction centering on the central axis J4. The actuator housing portion 62a is opened to the other side in the axial direction. The opening of the actuator accommodating part 62a is covered with the cover 62b.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the wall portion 63 extends along a plane perpendicular to the motor axis J1. The wall portion 63 holds the bearing 3B, the bearing 3C, and the bearing 3D. The bearings 3B and 3C rotatably support the rotor shaft 21 . The bearing 3D rotatably supports the end portion of the intermediate shaft 45 on one axial side (+Y side).

As shown in FIG. 2 , the inverter case portion 68 extends forward (−X side) from the cylindrical portion of the motor case portion 60 . The converter case portion 68 has a rectangular box shape when viewed from the front. The converter case portion 68 includes an opening portion 681 that opens in one direction. In the present embodiment, the inverter case portion 68 is opened on the vehicle front side. The inverter unit 8 is attached to the opening portion 681 of the inverter case portion 68 . The opening 681 of the converter case 68 is closed by attaching the converter unit to the opening 681 of the converter case 68 . The converter unit 8 is electrically connected to the coil 31 of the stator 30 inside the motor housing portion 60 .

In this embodiment, the converter housing part 68 and the motor housing part 60 are integrally formed die-casting components. Therefore, vibration of the motor 2 and the inverter unit 8 can be suppressed compared to the case where the separate inverter case portion 68 is bolted to the motor case portion 60 . As a result, the noise of the drive device 1 caused by the vibration of the motor 2 and the inverter unit 8 can be reduced. In addition, according to the present embodiment, the inverter case portion 68 can be arranged near the motor 2 , the drive device 1 as a whole can be downsized, and the wiring connecting the motor 2 and the inverter unit 8 can be shortened.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , a first vehicle body fixing portion 64 (refer to FIG. 3 ), a second vehicle body fixing portion 65 (refer to FIG. 2 ), and a third vehicle body fixing portion are provided on the outer surface of the casing 6. 67 (refer to FIG. 3 ). The first vehicle body fixing portion 64 is disposed on one axial side (+Y side) of the inverter case portion 68 . The second vehicle body fixing portion 65 is disposed on the other side (−Y side) in the axial direction of the gear housing portion 62 . The third vehicle body fixing portion 67 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the motor case portion 60 . The first vehicle body fixing portion 64 , the second vehicle body fixing portion 65 , and the third vehicle body fixing portion 67 respectively include a plurality of screw holes 601 . The housing 6 is fixed to the interior space of the vehicle by bolts inserted into the screw holes 601 .

According to the present embodiment, the vehicle body fixing portion 64 , the vehicle body fixing portion 65 , and the vehicle body fixing portion 67 are respectively provided on the outer surfaces of the driving device 1 facing in different directions. According to the drive device 1 of the present embodiment, any one of the plurality of vehicle body fixing portions 64, 65, 67 can be selected and fixed to the vehicle. Therefore, the driving device 1 can be mounted on various kinds of vehicles of different types.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the housing 6 includes: a transmission shaft protection portion 66 covering the output shaft 55 . The transmission shaft protection portion 66 prevents foreign objects such as stones from colliding with the output shaft 55 .

<path of oil>

As shown in FIG. 1 , oil O is stored inside the casing 6 . The oil O is accumulated in the lower region of the gear housing portion 62 . That is, the oil storage part P is provided in the lower area in the gear housing part 62 .

In this embodiment, the bottom of the motor case portion 60 is positioned higher than the bottom of the gear case portion 62 . With this structure, the oil O after cooling the motor 2 can be easily recovered from the lower area of the motor case part 60 to the gear case part 62 The oil storage part P. The oil O is used for lubrication of the reduction gear 4 and the differential gear 5 . Also, the oil O is used for cooling the motor 2 . The oil O is stored in the oil storage part P in the lower part of the gear housing part 62 . Since the oil O functions as lubricating oil and cooling oil, it is preferable to use a lubricating oil for an automatic transmission (ATF: Automatic Transmission Fluid) having a low viscosity.

Part of the differential device 5 is immersed in the oil storage portion P. As shown in FIG. The oil O accumulated in the oil storage portion P is lifted up by the operation of the differential device 5 . The lifted oil O diffuses into the gear housing portion 62 and is supplied to each gear or bearing of the reduction gear 4 and the differential gear 5 . The oil O used for lubricating the speed reduction device 4 and the differential device 5 drips and is recovered by the oil storage part P located on the lower side of the gear case part 62 .

The oil O circulates in the oil passage 90 provided in the casing 6 . The oil passage 90 is a path for supplying the oil O from the oil storage portion P to the oil O of the motor 2 . The oil passage 90 circulates the oil O to cool the motor 2 . The oil passage 90 is a path through which the oil O is guided again to the oil storage portion P on the lower side of the gear housing portion 62 via the motor 2 from the oil storage portion P on the lower side of the gear housing portion 62 . The oil passage 90 includes a first oil passage 91 passing through the inside of the motor 2 and a second oil passage 92 passing through the outside of the motor 2 . The oil O cools the motor 2 from inside and outside in the first oil passage 91 and the second oil passage 92 . Also, the first oil passage 91 and the second oil passage 92 share a part.

In the first oil passage 91 , the oil O is sucked up from the oil storage part P by the pump part 10 and guided to the inside of the rotor 20 . The oil O is sprayed from the rotor 20 to the coil 31 to cool the stator 30 . The oil O cooling the stator 30 moves to the oil storage portion P of the gear housing portion 62 via the lower region of the motor housing portion 60 .

In the second oil passage 92 , the oil O is sucked up from the oil storage part P by the pump part 10 . The oil O is sucked up to the upper part of the motor 2 and supplied to the motor 2 from the upper side of the motor 2 . The oil O cooling the motor 2 moves to the oil storage portion P of the gear housing portion 62 via the lower region of the motor housing portion 60 .

<pump department>

As shown in FIG. 1 , the pump unit 10 is a mechanical pump powered by the motor 2 . That is, the pump mechanism 10 a of the pump unit 10 is rotated by the motor 2 . The pump mechanism 10a rotates around the intermediate axis J2. The pump unit 10 is, for example, a cycloidal gear pump.

The pump portion 10 is connected to the first shaft portion 45 a of the intermediate shaft 45 . The power of the motor 2 is transmitted to the pump unit 10 via the rotor shaft 21, the first gear 41, the second gear 42, and the first shaft portion 45a.

The pump unit 10 includes a suction port and a discharge port. The path connected to the suction port extends to the oil storage portion P. As shown in FIG. The path connected to the discharge port is branched into a first oil passage 91 and a second oil passage 92 . The pump part 10 sucks up the oil O from the oil storage part P at the suction port, and sends the oil O to the first oil passage 91 and the second oil passage 92 at the discharge outlet under pressure.

Since the pump unit 10 of the present embodiment is driven by the motor 2, the oil O can be sucked up without providing an additional auxiliary machine such as a pump driving motor. In addition, since the pump unit 10 can be driven without changing the rotation direction of the intermediate shaft 45 by using a bevel gear or the like, the size of the driving device 1 can be reduced.

The pump part 10 of this embodiment is connected to the 1st shaft part 45a. Therefore, in the disconnected state in which the connection between the first shaft portion 45 a and the second shaft portion 45 b is released by the separation mechanism 7 , only the pump unit 10 can be driven without transmitting the power of the motor 2 to the differential device 5 . In this way, for example, only the pump unit 10 can be driven before starting, etc., and the gear or shaft can be adjusted in advance. bearing lubrication.

<Positional relationship of each element>

Next, the positional relationship of each element in this embodiment is demonstrated using FIG.4 and FIG.5.

As shown in FIG. 4 , according to the present embodiment, a part of the differential device 5 of the transmission mechanism 3 overlaps the converter case portion 68 as viewed from the axial direction of the motor axis J1 . Thereby, the differential device 5 can be arranged close to the converter unit 8, and the drive device 1 as a whole can be downsized.

According to the present embodiment, the motor 2 and the differential device 5 overlap each other when viewed from the axial direction of the motor axis J1. Thereby, the motor 2 and the differential device 5 can be disposed adjacent to each other, and the drive device 1 as a whole can be downsized.

According to the present embodiment, a part of the reduction gear unit 4 of the transmission mechanism 3 overlaps the converter case portion 68 when viewed in the axial direction of the motor axis J1. Thereby, the deceleration device 4 can be arranged close to the converter unit 8, and the drive device 1 as a whole can be downsized.

As shown in FIG. 5 , according to the present embodiment, the converter case portion 68 has a rectangular box shape including an opening portion 681 that opens in one direction. Moreover, the converter case portion 68 overlaps with a part of the differential device 5 when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the motor axis J1 . A portion of the converter case portion 68 that overlaps a part of the differential device 5 is located in the direction of the opening of the converter case portion 68 compared to other portions of the converter case portion 68 . Thereby, the differential device 5 and the converter can be disposed adjacent to each other, and the drive device 1 as a whole can be downsized.

According to the present embodiment, the differential device 5 includes the ring gear 51 meshing with the third gear 43 of the speed reduction device 4 , and the differential case 52 whose outer shape is smaller than the ring gear 51 . As shown in FIG. 5 , the converter case portion 68 overlaps the differential case 52 when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the motor axis J1 . A portion 682 of the converter case portion 68 that overlaps a part of the differential device 5 is located in the direction in which the converter case portion 68 opens, that is, on the side of the opening portion 681 , compared to other portions of the converter case portion 68 . . Thereby, the differential device 5 and the converter unit 8 can be arranged adjacent to each other, and the drive device 1 as a whole can be downsized. In particular, according to this structure, by using a part of the rectangle of the shape of the converter case portion 68 which is the space for arranging the converter unit 8 to enter the position for accommodating the differential case 52 , the converter can be converted to a rectangular shape. The converter unit 8 is arranged closer to the differential device 5 . Thereby, the drive device 1 can be reduced in size as a whole.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the respective structures and combinations thereof in the embodiments are examples, and additions, omissions, substitutions, and other changes of structures can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment.

For example, in the above embodiment, the structure in which the actuator 70 drives the sleeve 73 by the ball screw mechanism has been described. However, the power transmission path from the actuator 70 to the sleeve 73 is not limited to the embodiment.

2: motor

7: Separation mechanism

8: Converter unit (converter)

42: second gear

43: Third gear

45: intermediate shaft

45a: first shaft part

45b: second shaft part

51: ring gear

62: Gear housing part

70: Actuator

71: Position sensor

72: Rotation sensor

73: Sleeve (relay component)

73b: concave groove

74: Guide pillar

75: Lead screw (drive shaft)

76:Sliding Nut

77: Shift fork

77b: magnet holding part

81: Main control department (control department)

82: Separation Mechanism Control Department

83: Power supply department

701: drive motor

711: The first magnet

721: second magnet (magnet)

J2: Intermediate axis (second axis)

J3: output axis (third axis)

J4: central axis

J5: Guide axis

X, Y, Z: axes

Claims (7)

A driving device comprising: a motor including a rotor rotating about a first axis; and a transmission mechanism that transmits the power of the motor, Wherein, the transfer mechanism includes: a reduction gear for transmitting the power of the motor; a differential device that transmits the power of the motor transmitted through the reduction gear to an output shaft; and a separation mechanism provided on the reduction gear, Wherein, the deceleration device includes: a first gear that rotates about said first axis; an intermediate shaft comprising a first shaft portion and a second shaft portion rotating about a second axis parallel to said first axis; a second gear disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft portion and engaged with the first gear; and the third gear is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second shaft portion and engaged with the gear of the differential device, Wherein, the separation mechanism switches: a connection state connecting the first shaft portion to the second shaft portion, and The disconnected state of the connection between the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion is released. The driving device as described in claim 1, further comprising: a housing housing the motor and the transmission mechanism, Wherein, the separation mechanism includes: A relay member that connects the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion in the connected state, and connects with at least one of the first shaft portion or the second shaft portion in the disconnected state. separation; and an actuator that drives the relay member, The actuator is fixed to the housing. The drive device according to claim 2, wherein the actuator comprises: a drive shaft connected to the relay member, A central axis of the drive shaft extends parallel to the first axis. The driving device as described in any one of claim 1 to claim 3, further comprising: a control section that controls the separation mechanism; and a rotation sensor for measuring the number of revolutions of the second shaft portion, Wherein, the control unit controls the separation mechanism based on a measurement result of the rotation speed of the second shaft unit by the rotation sensor. The drive device according to claim 4, wherein the rotation sensor measures the rotation speed of the second shaft by detecting a magnetic flux of a magnet mounted on the second shaft. The driving device according to claim 5, wherein after the control unit controls the motor so that the rotation speed of the first shaft portion is close to the rotation speed of the second shaft portion, the separation mechanism transition from the disconnected state to the connected state. The driving device according to claim 6, wherein the control unit causes the rotation speed of the first shaft portion to approach the rotation speed of the second shaft portion from a state higher than the rotation speed of the second shaft portion , so that the separation mechanism is transformed into the cut-off state.

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