TWI783180B - 水溶性金屬加工濃縮物 - Google Patents
水溶性金屬加工濃縮物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI783180B TWI783180B TW108135755A TW108135755A TWI783180B TW I783180 B TWI783180 B TW I783180B TW 108135755 A TW108135755 A TW 108135755A TW 108135755 A TW108135755 A TW 108135755A TW I783180 B TWI783180 B TW I783180B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- water
- concentrate
- soluble metalworking
- metalworking
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- -1 ether carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LWBHHRRTOZQPDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O LWBHHRRTOZQPDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L Ferrous fumarate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(O)=O LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- AHZILZSKKSPIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-aminooctan-4-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)C(N)CC AHZILZSKKSPIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BKKWPPMEXIXECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[[4,6-bis(5-carboxypentylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]hexanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCNC1=NC(NCCCCCC(O)=O)=NC(NCCCCCC(O)=O)=N1 BKKWPPMEXIXECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 80
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 34
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 34
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002599 biostatic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 53
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 44
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 21
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910001250 2024 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910001008 7075 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 12
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 9
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002149 estolides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000853 7075 T6 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 4
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940102253 isopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WVTKBKWTSCPRNU-KYJUHHDHSA-N (+)-Tetrandrine Chemical compound C([C@H]1C=2C=C(C(=CC=2CCN1C)OC)O1)C(C=C2)=CC=C2OC(=C2)C(OC)=CC=C2C[C@@H]2N(C)CCC3=CC(OC)=C(OC)C1=C23 WVTKBKWTSCPRNU-KYJUHHDHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000547 2024-T3 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VRAIHTAYLFXSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3].[AlH3] VRAIHTAYLFXSJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKTAIYGNOFSMCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-di(nonyl)phenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1CCCCCCCCC JKTAIYGNOFSMCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000779819 Syncarpia glomulifera Species 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003254 anti-foaming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001739 pinus spp. Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229960003471 retinol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000020944 retinol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011607 retinol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940036248 turpentine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WPEQIYDZNFOMPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-hydroxyethyl(methyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO.OCCN(C)CCO WPEQIYDZNFOMPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBFCZCZRPXGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO.OCCN(CCO)CCO BBFCZCZRPXGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBFUGGOVPHCNEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO.CCC(CO)(CO)CO XBFUGGOVPHCNEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-ethylhexyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP([O-])([O-])=O LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LUEYUHCBBXWTQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyl-2h-triazole Chemical compound C1=NNN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LUEYUHCBBXWTQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001350 4130 steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-6-methyl-7-(2-oxopropyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(C)=O)C(O)=C2C(=O)C(OC)=CC(=O)C2=C1O UHPMCKVQTMMPCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005637 Brassica campestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001301148 Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera Species 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000223218 Fusarium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] LLSDKQJKOVVTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940052299 calcium chloride dihydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- ALKZAGKDWUSJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinuclear copper ion Chemical compound [Cu].[Cu] ALKZAGKDWUSJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071161 dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001408 fungistatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009036 growth inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940050906 magnesium chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
- C23F11/167—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C23F11/1673—Esters of phosphoric or thiophosphoric acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
- C23F11/12—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C23F11/124—Carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
- C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C23F11/141—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/402—Castor oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/082—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/044—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having cycloaliphatic groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M2215/222—Triazines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/09—Characteristics associated with water
- C10N2020/091—Water solubility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/16—Antiseptic; (micro) biocidal or bactericidal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/18—Anti-foaming property
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/24—Emulsion properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
本發明提供一種水溶性金屬加工濃縮物係為一或多個胺、一或多個鐵腐蝕抑制劑、一或多個磷酸酯、一或多個醚羧酸、蓖麻油酸濃縮物、一或多個潤滑劑、去離子水,及可選之非鐵腐蝕抑制劑之組合。操作時,濃縮物係經稀釋至約5%至10%之濃度。操作時,金屬加工液具有優異之潤滑性、低泡沫生成、乳化穩定性、鐵質或非鐵質材料之防護、抑生穩定性及環境相容性。
Description
相關申請之交互引用:本發明主張於2018年10月11日提出之美國臨時專利申請案No. 62/744,364之優先權,於此以參考文獻方式全部合併入本文中。
本文係關於水溶性金屬濃縮物之配方,其可用於執行需要該等液體之複數功能。更具體而言,水溶性金屬加工濃縮物係複數成分及去離子水之組合,其可透過去離子水、逆滲透水或自來水經進一步稀釋。
金屬加工工業長期以來係難以加工硬質材料。硬金屬材料係為鋼合金、不鏽鋼合金、鎳合金、鈦合金及其他耐高溫合金。此外,於某些工業如航太工業,新穎材料如陶瓷金屬複合材(CMC’s)成為關鍵應用之可選材料。該等材料於加工時遭遇之困難通常包括:缺少潤滑因此降低機械工具之壽命,缺少合適表面光度,及因無冷卻能力或冷卻能力不足而無法維持重要之加工耐受性。
為了有助於該等加工操作,特定添加劑通常經使用以提供特定所需特性如額外之潤滑性,並維持金屬加工液之其他重要特性,如低起泡性、抑生控制,及機械或基材腐蝕防護。該等添加劑通常包含材料之使用,該材料包含氯、硫及/或硼之某些組合。以成本、符合規範及功能績效之觀點而言,該等添加劑係較佳地經最小化或去除。因此,典型之工程難題係為:顯著地有助於達到所需或必須操作參數之該等材料,以其他觀點而言,該等相同材料亦為有疑慮或非所望。
本發明並未使用該等材料,而達到或超過其等提供至配方之潤滑性,並維持或改善液體之其他功能特性,包括生物控制、乳化穩定性、起泡控制、水溶性、對人體皮膚及皮膜之低影響性,及對鐵或非鐵材料不具腐蝕性。具體而言,本發明提供金屬加工濃縮物,其係為一或多個胺、一或多個鐵腐蝕抑制劑、一或多個磷酸酯、一或多個醚羧酸、蓖麻油酸濃縮物、一或多個潤滑劑,及去離子水之組合。一或多個非鐵腐蝕抑制劑係為其他且可選之成分。
此等六種成分(包含去離子水則為七種,且包含一或多個非鐵腐蝕抑制劑則為八種)係可於如下所述之不同濃度存在。本發明水溶性金屬加工濃縮物之大部分係為去離子水,且,濃縮物於消耗位置可進一步經去離子水、逆滲透水或自來水稀釋。
因此,本發明之其一樣態提供金屬加工濃縮物,其係為至少一胺、至少一鐵腐蝕抑制劑、至少一磷酸酯、至少一醚羧酸、蓖麻油酸濃縮物、至少一潤滑劑、去離子水,及可選之至少一非鐵腐蝕抑制劑之組合。
本發明之另一樣態提供金屬加工濃縮物,其係為一或多個胺、一或多個鐵腐蝕抑制劑、一或多個磷酸酯、一或多個醚羧酸、蓖麻油酸濃縮物、一或多個潤滑劑、去離子水,及可選之一或多個非鐵腐蝕抑制劑之組合。
本發明之再另一樣態達成先前技術金屬加工液之潤滑性,其包含氯及/或含氯化合物、硫及/或含硫化合物,與硼及/或含硼化合物。
本發明之另一樣態達成低發泡金屬加工液,其包含或不含傳統抗發泡或消泡劑成分之使用。
本發明之再另一樣態以不同鋁合金達成非染色相容性,其可或可不專用於航太及醫藥工業。
本發明之再另一樣態達成抑生/抑真菌狀態,其未使用傳統除生物劑及/或除真菌劑。
本發明之再另一樣態達成金屬加工配方,其不刺激人體皮膚或皮膜。
本發明之再另一樣態係易與水互溶,且經濃縮之配方與經稀釋之金屬加工液皆具有傑出之穩定性。
其他樣態、益處及可應用之範圍係顯見於經本文提供之論述。應理解論述及特定例示僅作為闡述用途,並不意欲限制本發明或請求項之範圍。
下列論述僅為例示性質,並不意欲用以限制本發明、本申請或其使用。
如上所述,本發明之水溶性金屬加工濃縮物包含一或多個胺、一或多個鐵腐蝕抑制劑、一或多個磷酸酯、一或多個醚羧酸、蓖麻油酸濃縮物、一或多個潤滑劑、去離子水,及可選之一或多個非鐵腐蝕抑制劑。
下列表1表示該八種成分之五種相異功能組合物A、B、C、D及E:
表1
| A | B | C | D | E | |
| 胺 | 15% | 15% | 15% | 15% | 15% |
| 非鐵腐蝕抑制劑 | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0% | 0.5% |
| 鐵腐蝕抑制劑 | 3% | 3% | 3% | 3% | 3% |
| 磷酸酯 | 4% | 4% | 5% | 5% | 0% |
| 醚羧酸 | 2% | 2% | 2% | 2% | 2% |
| 蓖麻油酸濃縮物 | 5% | 5% | 5% | 6% | 12% |
| 潤滑劑 | 10% | 15% | 20% | 10% | 0% |
| 去離子水 | 餘額 | 餘額 | 餘額 | 餘額 | 餘額 |
上述成分於根據本發明金屬加工濃縮物之五種相異功能組合物中之百分比係經表列。於商業操作,此濃度可經進一步稀釋,其較佳地係經去離子水或逆滲透水稀釋。此外,金屬加工濃縮物係可經自來水稀釋,該自來水具有至多80格令(grain)之硬度,且不減損其功能性。濃縮物之精準濃度係非關鍵,雖然普遍而言稀釋溶液係典型為大約5%至10%之金屬加工濃縮物及90%至95%之水。
濃縮物較佳地包括去離子水而非當地自來水,其後者係可由具有下列元素組成而界定:
表2
| ppm | ||
| 鋁(Al) | 0.20 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 硼(B) | 0.20 | (+/- 5.00) |
| 鈣(Ca) | 32.56 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 銅(Cu) | 0.00 | (+/- 1.00) |
| 鐵(Fe) | 0.00 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 鉀(K) | 2.20 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 鎂(Mg) | 1.00 | (+/- 5.00) |
| 鈉(Na) | 16.30 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 磷(P) | 0.30 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 硫(S) | 15.60 | (+/- 25.00) |
| 矽(Si) | 1.20 | (+/- 5.00) |
| 鈷(Co) | 0.00 | (+/- 1.00) |
| 鉻(Cr) | 0.00 | (+/- 1.00) |
| 鎳(Ni) | 0.00 | (+/- 1.00) |
| 鉛(Pb) | 0.00 | (+/- 5.00) |
| 鋅(Zn) | 0.04 | (+/- 5.00) |
相較於自來水,去離子水係可由具有下列元素組成而界定:
表3
| ppm | ||
| 鋁(Al) | 0 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 硼(B) | 0.4 | (+/- 5.00) |
| 鈣(Ca) | 0.1 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 銅(Cu) | 0.1 | (+/- 1.00) |
| 鐵(Fe) | 0 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 鉀(K) | 0 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 鎂(Mg) | 0 | (+/- 5.00) |
| 鈉(Na) | 0.4 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 磷(P) | 0 | (+/- 3.00) |
| 硫(S) | 0 | (+/- 25.00) |
| 矽(Si) | 5.7 | (+/- 5.00) |
| 鈷(Co) | 0 | (+/- 1.00) |
| 鉻(Cr) | 0 | (+/- 1.00) |
| 鎳(Ni) | 0 | (+/- 1.00) |
| 鉛(Pb) | 0 | (+/- 5.00) |
| 鋅(Zn) | 0.2 | (+/- 5.00) |
詳言之,除了去離子水,濃縮物包含下列成分或材料之分類:胺,尤其係(1)具有/或不具重複丙烯單元之一級胺、具有或不具醇基之胺、具有或不具乙基及甲基之三級胺,及環胺化合物;(2)可選地,非鐵腐蝕抑制劑,如具有甲苯基及/或苯基之三唑(triazole);(3)一或多個鐵腐蝕抑制劑,如二元酸(C10至C13)或多羧酸(polycarboxylic acid);(4)磷酸酯;(5)經2至11莫耳環氧乙烷(ethylene oxide)乙氧化(ethoxylation)之醚羧酸;(6)蓖麻油酸濃縮物;及(7)一或多個下列潤滑劑:交內酯(estolide)–低分子量第五族交內酯酯化物(estolide ester)或高分子量第五族交內酯酯化物、馬來酸化大豆油(maleated soybean oil)、經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)或烷氧基化(alkoxylated)之蓖麻油馬來酸、烷氧基化植物油聚酯、黏性範圍2500至3100 mPa.s之高分子介面活性劑、衍生自油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR)之脂肪酸且具有不飽和C14-C18及C16-C22與大於40%之芥酸含量、芥酸含量大於45%之油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽)、基於植物油之非離子介面活性劑、功能性蛋白質。即為下列之組合:明膠水解物(gelatin hydrolysate);檸檬酸(citric acid);山梨酸鉀(potassium sorbate);具有至多3.0%松脂(rosin)之松香油脂肪酸(tall oil fatty acid);一潤滑劑,其包含聚磷酸(polyphosphoric acid)、含異丙醇胺(isopropanolamine)之聚合物、松香油、及三乙醇胺(triethanolamine);一潤滑劑,其包含磺酸十二基苯鈉(sodium dodecylbenzene-sulfonate)、三乙醇胺、溶劑精煉重質石蠟基礎油(solvent-refined heavy paraffinic distillate)、及高分子介面活性劑;與一潤滑劑,其包含二壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯(dinonylphenol, ethoxylated, phosphate)。
於一較佳實施例,濃縮物之配方係如下列:
表4
濃縮物之特徵及效能
| 百分比(%) | 化學名稱 | 成分 |
| 餘額 | 水 | 去離子水 |
| 2.5 | α-氫-ω-(2-胺甲基乙氧基)-聚(氧基(甲基-1,2-乙烷二基))(Poly(oxy(methyl‐1,2‐ethanediyl)), alpha‐hydro‐omega‐(2‐aminomethylethoxy)‐)與2-乙基-2-羥甲基-1,3-丙二醇(2‐ethyl‐2‐(hydroxymethyl)‐1,3‐ propanediol)之3:1酯化物 | 胺 |
| 2 | 3-胺基4-辛醇(3‐Aminooctan‐4‐ol) | 胺 |
| 10 | 2-(N-羥乙基-N-甲胺基)乙醇(2‐(N‐2‐Hydroxyethyl‐N‐methylamino)ethanol) | 胺 |
| 0.3 | 4(5)-甲基-1H-苯並三唑(1H‐Benzotriazole, 4(5)‐methyl‐) | 非鐵腐蝕抑制劑 |
| 0.12 | 1,8-辛二甲酸(1,8‐Octanedicarboxylic acid) | 鐵腐蝕抑制劑 |
| 0.5 | 1,9-壬烷二甲酸(1,9‐Nonanedicarboxylic acid) | 鐵腐蝕抑制劑 |
| 0.38 | 十二烷二酸(Decamethylenedicarboxylic acid) | 鐵腐蝕抑制劑 |
| 2 | 6,6',6''-(1,3,5三嗪-2,4,6-三基三亞胺基)三己酸(6,6',6''‐(1,3,5‐Triazine‐2,4,6‐ triyltriimino)trihexanoic acid) | 鐵腐蝕抑制劑 |
| 6 | R-(Z)-12-羥基-9-十八酸之同質聚合物(9‐Octadecenoic Acid, 12‐Hydroxy‐, (R‐(Z))‐, Homopolymer) | 潤滑劑 |
| 3 | 油菜籽油(Brassica campestris oil) | 潤滑劑 |
| 3 | C14-C18及C16-C22不飽和烷基羧酸(Unsaturated alkyl carboxylic acid) | 潤滑劑 |
| 3 | α-9Z-9-十八烯-1-基-ω-羥基-聚(氧-1,2-乙烷二基)磷酸(Poly(oxy‐1,2‐ethanediyl), alpha‐(9Z)‐9‐octadecen‐1‐yl‐omega‐hydroxy‐, phosphate) | 磷酸酯 |
| 1.7 | 2-乙基己基磷酸酯(Phosphoric acid, 2‐ethylhexyl ester) | 磷酸酯 |
| 2 | Z-α-羧甲基-ω-(9-十八烷基氧基)-聚(氧-1,2-乙烷二基)((Z)‐alpha‐(Carboxymethyl)‐omega‐ (9‐octadecenyloxy)‐poly(oxy‐1,2‐ ethanediyl)) | 醚羧酸 |
| 5 | 12-羥基-(9Z,12R)-9-十八酸之同質聚合物(9‐Octadecenoic acid, 12‐hydroxy‐, (9Z,12R)‐, homopolymer) | 蓖麻油酸濃縮物 |
| 3 | N-環己基環己胺(N‐cyclohexylcyclohexanamine) | 胺 |
| 0.1 | 聚乙烯-聚丙二醇之有機矽氧聚合物(Organosiloxane polymer, polyethylene‐polypropylene glycol) | 消泡劑 |
金屬加工濃縮物之第一優勢係其提供所需之潤滑程度,以處理具有不同加工性及硬度程度之材料。給定材料經切削工具處理之難易度係指稱為加工性。加工性係為許多參數之函數,該等參數包括特定切削或加工程序、切削之速度、切削工具之類型及組成,及,以本發明而言,基材之硬度及其與金屬加工液之交互作用。該等因素與其他因素係經結合為加工性等級(MR),其係為相對於布里內耳硬度(Brinell hardness)160之B112冷拉鋼經每分鐘180表面呎加工之加工性而獲得之量表。此條件係經指定為加工性等級1.00。所有其他材料皆相對此量表經評等,較難加工之材料經指定較低之數值,且較容易加工之材料經指定較高之數值。下列表5表列某些常見合金之加工性等級:
表5
| 材料 | 加工性等級 |
| 702英高鎳(鎳鉻合金) | 0.11 |
| 鑄鐵(硬) | 0.20 |
| A110鈦 | 0.23 |
| 310不鏽鋼 | 0.30 |
| 鉻合金 | 0.50 |
| 410不鏽鋼 | 0.55 |
| 6051T鋁 | 1.40 |
| 3003鋁 | 1.80 |
| 摻鉛銅 | 2.40 |
金屬加工液對加工性等級之影響係尚不明確。數個廣為採納之測試嘗試量化潤滑對不同基材之影響程度。標準潤滑性磨損及極限壓力測試如銷及V形塊評估(ASTM D-2760)及四球磨損(ASTM D 4172)係不適用於評估金屬加工液之金屬切削/研磨效能。為了確立本發明金屬加工濃縮物具有之潤滑能力優勢,潤滑測試係以本發明及其他商業產品之不同配方經執行。
金屬加工液之現場效能係考量工具壽命、表面光滑度、尺寸控制及加工程序之穩定性。金屬加工液提供冷卻及潤滑性,以改善金屬切削及研磨之效能。目前並無有效之標準實驗室試驗可於金屬切削及研磨時評估金屬加工液現場效能。標準潤滑性磨損及極限壓力測試如銷及V形塊評估(ASTM D-2760)及四球磨損(ASTM D 4172)係不適用於評估金屬加工液之金屬切削/研磨效能,因金屬切削條件係相當程度上異於經使用於上述該等測試之磨損條件。
於近似實際金屬切削條件下評估金屬加工液效能係為重要。如鑽鑿、鉸孔、攻牙等測試通常經使用以協助金屬加工液之規劃及開發工作。實驗室尺度之攻牙扭力測試通常經使用以評估金屬加工液之效能。相較於執行實際之加工測試,攻牙扭力測試係普遍易於執行,其較快速且銷耗較少量之材料。
許多變因可影響實測之攻牙扭力。該等變因包括:(1)機械(剛性、尺寸)、(2)材料(合金之種類、熱處理、硬度、熱特性等)、(3)工具(螺絲攻及鑽頭尺寸、螺絲攻塗層、工具材料、工具幾何設計–切削螺絲攻或無屑螺絲攻等)、(4)方法(攻牙速度、經各螺絲攻攻牙之孔洞數等)、(5)金屬加工液應用之方法(流動或靜態)、(6)孔洞幾何設計(孔徑及深度、盲孔或通孔)等。因許多變因影響實測之攻牙扭力,建立測試規範係為重要,其中,足夠數量之孔洞係經使用於測試扭力,且金屬加工樣本係於測試期間經隨機化。為了改善測試精準度,選擇合適之螺絲攻尺寸及螺絲攻塗層亦為重要。然而,此將導致與現場效能之較小相關性,因製造期間使用之工具係可相當程度上異於攻牙測試期間使用之工具及塗層。
下列呈現之結果係透過CNC機械測量,其中,於經攻牙之每一孔洞測定攻牙扭力對時間之函數。無塗層無屑螺絲攻係經使用於攻牙,以最大化潤滑之影響。於攻牙期間,具有貫穿鑽孔之金屬塊係經浸泡於金屬加工液中。於孔洞攻牙期間獲得之最大扭力值係經使用於分析。對於每一液體,總共攻牙28個孔洞。於攻牙7個孔洞之後改用新的螺絲攻,以最小化螺絲攻磨損對於實測扭力之影響。金屬加工液係以隨機順序經測量。除了基材材料及金屬加工液以外,其他所有參數係經保持為定值,因此可預期給定基材之實測扭力數值係有關於受測金屬加工液之潤滑性及冷卻影響。於該等條件之下,較低之實測扭力係表示較佳攻牙效能。
表6
| 316L | |
| 扭力讀值 | |
| 例示1 | 40.8 |
| 例示2 | 42.2 |
| 例示3 | 42.9 |
| 例示4 | 43.1 |
| 例示5 | 44.2 |
| 例示6 | 44.5 |
| 例示7 | 44.5 |
| 例示8 | 45.3 |
| 例示9 | 45.7 |
| 例示10 | 46.2 |
| 例示11 | 48.4 |
| 例示12 | 49.3 |
| 例示13 | 49.4 |
| 例示14 | 49.4 |
| 例示15 | 51.8 |
| 例示16 | 47.3 |
| 例示17 | 43.0 |
| 競爭者A | 53.3 |
| 內部參考標準 | 58.7 |
| 競爭者B | 60.4 |
| 競爭者C | 62.2 |
| 競爭者D | 62.4 |
| 競爭者E | 62.8 |
| 競爭者F | 65.4 |
例示1係為金屬加工液,其包含黏性範圍2500至3100 mPa.s之高分子界面活性劑潤滑添加劑,及經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)或烷氧基化(alkoxylated)之蓖麻油馬來酸。
例示2係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:功能性蛋白質–明膠水解物(gelatin hydrolysate)、檸檬酸(citric acid)及山梨酸鉀(potassium sorbate)之混合物;具有至多3.0%松脂(rosin)之松香油脂肪酸(tall oil fatty acid);芥酸含量大於45%之油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR);及一潤滑劑,其包含十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate)、三乙醇胺(triethanolamine)與溶劑精煉重質石蠟基礎油(solvent-refined heavy paraffinic distillate)。
例示3係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:功能性蛋白質–明膠水解物(gelatin hydrolysate)、檸檬酸(citric acid)及山梨酸鉀(potassium sorbate)之混合物;具有至多3.0%松脂(rosin)之松香油脂肪酸(tall oil fatty acid);芥酸含量大於45%之油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR);及一潤滑劑,其包含聚磷酸(polyphosphoric acid)、含異丙醇胺(isopropanolamine)聚合物、松香油與三乙醇胺(triethanolamine)。
例示4係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:功能性蛋白質–明膠水解物(gelatin hydrolysate)、檸檬酸(citric acid)及山梨酸鉀(potassium sorbate)之混合物。
例示5係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:交內酯(estolide)–高分子量第五族交內酯酯化物(estolide ester);經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)或烷氧基化(alkoxylated)之蓖麻油馬來酸;及烷氧基化植物油聚酯。
例示6係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:黏性範圍2500至3100 mPa.s之高分子界面活性劑;衍生自油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR)之脂肪酸且具有不飽和C14-C18及C16-C22與大於40%之芥酸含量;及芥酸含量大於45%之油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR)。
例示7係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:黏性範圍2500至3100 mPa.s之高分子界面活性劑;衍生自油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR)之脂肪酸且具有不飽和C14-C18及C16-C22與大於40%之芥酸含量;及芥酸含量大於45%之油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR)。
例示8係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:黏性範圍2500至3100 mPa.s之高分子界面活性劑;及經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)或烷氧基化(alkoxylated)之蓖麻油馬來酸。
例示9係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:交內酯(estolide)–高分子量第五族交內酯酯化物(estolide ester);及經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)或烷氧基化(alkoxylated)之蓖麻油馬來酸。
例示10係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:黏性範圍2500至3100 mPa.s之高分子界面活性劑;及經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)或烷氧基化(alkoxylated)之蓖麻油馬來酸。
例示11係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:衍生自油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR)之脂肪酸且具有不飽和C14-C18及C16-C22與大於40%之芥酸含量;及芥酸含量大於45%之油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR)。
例示12係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:一潤滑劑,其包含十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate)、三乙醇胺(triethanolamine)與溶劑精煉重質石蠟基礎油(solvent-refined heavy paraffinic distillate);及經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)或烷氧基化(alkoxylated)之蓖麻油馬來酸。
例示13係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:交內酯(estolide)–高分子量第五族交內酯酯化物(estolide ester);及經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)。
例示14係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:一潤滑劑,其包含聚磷酸(polyphosphoric acid)、含異丙醇胺(isopropanolamine)聚合物、松香油與三乙醇胺(triethanolamine);及經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)或烷氧基化(alkoxylated)之蓖麻油馬來酸。
例示15係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:交內酯(estolide)–高分子量第五族交內酯酯化物(estolide ester);及經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)或烷氧基化(alkoxylated)之蓖麻油馬來酸。
例示16係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:交內酯(estolide)–低分子量第五族交內酯酯化物(estolide ester);及經改良之蓖麻油馬來酸(castor oil maleate)或烷氧基化(alkoxylated)之蓖麻油馬來酸。
例示17係為金屬加工液,其包含下列潤滑添加劑之組合:衍生自油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR)之脂肪酸且具有不飽和C14-C18及C16-C22與大於40%之芥酸含量;芥酸含量大於45%之油菜籽油(高芥酸油菜籽,HEAR);及R-(Z)-12-羥基-9-十八酸之同質聚合物(9‐Octadecenoic Acid, 12‐Hydroxy‐, (R‐(Z))‐, Homopolymer)。
由於環境及勞工安全之考量,於金屬加工濃縮物內不具某些特定材料或材料類別係為高度所望。以使用者友善及全球環境規範之觀點而言,不具下列材料並達成合適長期功能性之能力係為關鍵。
本發明濃縮物之製備係不使用硼或任何含硼化合物。硼或含硼化合物通常經使用以提升抑生或抑真菌特性。含硼材料通常係經指定(通常於硼酸之形式)。
濃縮物之製備係不使用氯或任何含氯化合物。含氯之石蠟基(paraffinic)或烯烴(olefinic)材料係頻繁地經使用於高溫及高壓下,以提供潤滑性。
濃縮物之製備係不使用硫或任何含硫化合物。含硫材料係頻繁地經使用於高溫及高壓下,以提供潤滑性。
濃縮物之製備係不使用石蠟基礎油(paraffin base oil),不論係第一類或第二類基礎油。不同黏度之石蠟基礎油係通常經使用以提供潤滑性。
濃縮物之製備係不使用環烷基礎油(naphthenic base oil)。不同黏度之環烷基礎油係通常經使用以提供潤滑性。
濃縮物之製備係不使用甲醛(formaldehyde)或甲醛釋出劑。
濃縮物之製備係不使用已註冊之殺菌劑或殺真菌劑。
金屬加工液關於起泡控制之效能亦為重要之操作特性。提供較低起泡程度之金屬加工液可允許零件之連續加工,其不需為了消散泡沫而停止機械。相較於實質上較易起泡之產品,提供較低起泡程度之金屬加工液更有效地將潤滑液傳遞至切削之位置。較少泡沫之生成亦允許機械以較高速度運轉,以生產更多零件。
此特性之測試係使用可行之商用裝置執行,以測量液體中泡沫之生成及衰減。標準工業泡沫測試如ASTM D3519及IP312並未提供一致性及/或鑑別性數據。為了發展低起泡特性之液體,能較佳地模擬金屬加工液於現場經歷條件之方法係為所需。許多變因影響泡沫之生成與否:(1)水質硬度、(2)受測液體之溫度、(3)輸入於液體之功(能量)、(4)經使用於液體內之抗起泡添加劑類型、及(5)經使用以發展金屬加工液配方之特定原料。因為存在這些變因,若無法全部控制其等,具有控制多數變因之規範係為重要。
此處呈現之結果係為泡沫生成與衰減之高度,其係以毫升尺度經測量。水質硬度透過去離子水之使用經控制,其元素組成係為:
表7
| ppm | ||
| 鋁(Al) | 0 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 硼(B) | 0.2 | (+/‐ 5.00) |
| 鈣(Ca) | 0.11 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 銅(Cu) | 0 | (+/‐ 1.00) |
| 鐵(Fe) | 0 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 鉀(K) | 0 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 鎂(Mg) | 0.5 | (+/‐ 5.00) |
| 鈉(Na) | 0.4 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 磷(P) | 0 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 硫(S) | 0 | (+/‐ 25.00) |
| 矽(Si) | 0.1 | (+/‐ 5.00) |
| 鈷(Co) | 0 | (+/‐ 1.00) |
| 鉻(Cr) | 0 | (+/‐ 1.00) |
| 鎳(Ni) | 0 | (+/‐ 1.00) |
| 鉛(Pb) | 0 | (+/‐ 5.00) |
| 鋅(Zn) | 0 | (+/‐ 5.00) |
於使用含有任意硬度之水時,此係使金屬加工液本身可經評估,而非金屬加工液與任何可能發生之化學反應。受測液體之溫度係經維持於20℃。對於各受測液體,輸入於各液體之功係經維持於定值。
表8
| 內部參考標準 | 競爭者產品A | 例示1 | ||||||||
| 循環1 | 循環2 | 循環3 | 循環1 | 循環2 | 循環3 | 循環1 | 循環2 | 循環3 | ||
| 生成(循環數目) | 1 | 0 | 8 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2 | 72 | 583 | 642 | 56 | 541 | 555 | 194 | 281 | 308 | |
| 3 | 71 | 586 | 661 | 62 | 576 | 592 | 222 | 283 | 318 | |
| 4 | 81 | 593 | 657 | 94 | 570 | 583 | 220 | 294 | 321 | |
| 5 | 94 | 606 | 661 | 139 | 577 | 589 | 224 | 300 | 316 | |
| 6 | 125 | 590 | 657 | 157 | 578 | 591 | 230 | 294 | 314 | |
| 7 | 142 | 599 | 658 | 234 | 570 | 589 | 241 | 303 | 317 | |
| 8 | 170 | 597 | 665 | 276 | 584 | 590 | 235 | 294 | 311 | |
| 9 | 251 | 613 | 665 | 306 | 584 | 589 | 239 | 299 | 319 | |
| 10 | 286 | 615 | 674 | 340 | 579 | 590 | 237 | 301 | 318 | |
| 11 | 296 | 604 | 667 | 406 | 584 | 599 | 234 | 299 | 316 | |
| 12 | 355 | 612 | 672 | 393 | 584 | 586 | 249 | 303 | 313 | |
| 13 | 383 | 609 | 673 | 436 | 584 | 599 | 249 | 306 | 311 | |
| 14 | 414 | 633 | 665 | 426 | 584 | 593 | 248 | 302 | 321 | |
| 15 | 425 | 620 | 665 | 454 | 584 | 587 | 255 | 301 | 319 | |
| 16 | 459 | 630 | 671 | 484 | 594 | 596 | 252 | 308 | 318 | |
| 17 | 457 | 632 | 672 | 499 | 591 | 598 | 258 | 309 | 319 | |
| 18 | 463 | 632 | 670 | 494 | 586 | 583 | 268 | 311 | 324 | |
| 19 | 484 | 642 | 673 | 510 | 585 | 582 | 264 | 299 | 316 | |
| 20 | 487 | 639 | 674 | 517 | 589 | 592 | 273 | 308 | 326 | |
| 21 | 523 | 634 | 676 | 521 | 594 | 591 | 272 | 311 | 336 | |
| 22 | 494 | 644 | 679 | 531 | 583 | 591 | 273 | 314 | 327 | |
| 23 | 535 | 640 | 679 | 544 | 592 | 597 | 289 | 309 | 323 | |
| 24 | 537 | 642 | 672 | 540 | 587 | 593 | 284 | 311 | 325 | |
| 25 | 539 | 648 | 677 | 551 | 589 | 594 | 284 | 308 | 326 | |
| 26 | 548 | 643 | 677 | 560 | 580 | 591 | 289 | 311 | 328 | |
| 27 | 553 | 655 | 670 | 558 | 588 | 592 | 279 | 314 | 324 | |
| 28 | 549 | 648 | 679 | 561 | 590 | 600 | 288 | 316 | 334 | |
| 29 | 560 | 654 | 673 | 568 | 588 | 579 | 299 | 316 | 329 | |
| 30 | 582 | 655 | 680 | 567 | 591 | 592 | 276 | 311 | 329 | |
| 31 | 570 | 652 | 677 | 568 | 582 | 583 | 293 | 319 | 329 | |
| 泡沫衰減(分鐘,泡沫高度ml) | 00:00 | 570 | 652 | 677 | 568 | 582 | 583 | 293 | 319 | 329 |
| 00:30 | 29 | 341 | 594 | 175 | 491 | 502 | 7 | 16 | 45 | |
| 01:00 | 21 | 120 | 486 | 22 | 384 | 428 | 4 | 4 | 10 | |
| 01:30 | 17 | 38 | 374 | 0 | 303 | 356 | 4 | 4 | 4 | |
| 02:00 | 16 | 33 | 263 | 0 | 198 | 289 | 4 | 4 | 3 | |
| 02:30 | 12 | 29 | 158 | 0 | 112 | 216 | 4 | 4 | 3 | |
| 03:00 | 12 | 27 | 63 | 0 | 21 | 154 | 4 | 4 | 3 |
請參照圖示,圖示係描繪表8所示三種金屬加工液於三個測試循環期間內之泡沫生成及衰減。較上方之線A表示本申請人之內部參考標準之效能;中間之線B表示競爭者產品A之效能,且較下方之線表示例示1之效能,即本發明之金屬加工液。
表8及圖示之結果顯示,例示1樣品之泡沫生成係低於競爭者產品A及內部參考標準約三分之二(66%)。直到第三循環結束,泡沫衰減時間才有區別。於此時間點,基於本發明濃縮物之金屬加工液具有近似於循環一及循環二之衰減率,其泡沫含量消散至零毫升。內部參考標準及競爭者產品皆無法達到零毫升之泡沫高度。各產品之衰減率亦較前兩循環慢。上述例示1使用包含磷酸酯、醚羧酸及有機矽氧聚合物之組合物,以產生低泡沫特性。
乳化穩定性或於不喪失功能性下維持金屬加工液同質外觀之能力係金屬加工液應具備之其一普遍特性。金屬加工液應可承受硬水離子(鈣及鎂)之引入,其不會使液體分層,或造成液體喪失其任一效能。為了研究金屬加工液之乳化穩定性,濃縮物經不同濃度之水質硬度稀釋。不同水質樣本係使用二水氯化鈣及氯化鎂六水合物製備。金屬加工液濃縮物之稀釋係以折射率經測量,且接著經暴露於50℃ 15小時。其等後續使用數位折射率裝置再次測量(初始測量對比後續測量)。較大之折射率改變係為較差之乳化穩定性。
表9
| 例示1 | 競爭者A | |
| 折射率改變 | 折射率改變 | |
| DI | 0 | 0 |
| 10 格令 | 0 | 0.1 |
| 20 格令 | 0 | 0.1 |
| 30 格令 | 0.1 | 0 |
| 40 格令 | 0 | 0.1 |
| 50 格令 | ‐0.3 | ‐3.1 |
| 60 格令 | ‐0.4 | ‐2.1 |
| 70 格令 | 0.2 | ‐9.3 |
| 80 格令 | 0.1 | ‐2.3 |
| 90 格令 | 0.2 | ‐1.5 |
| 100 格令 | 0.2 | 2.2 |
| 110 格令 | 0.2 | 3.7 |
經使用以測定乳化穩定性之其他方法係使用粒子尺寸。使用Mastersizer 3000以測定乳化液滴之尺寸及其等隨時間之變化情形。Mastersizer 3000係為英國馬爾文鎮(Malvern, U.K.)馬爾文帕納科公司(Malvern Panalytical)之商標。
表10
所有結果之標準差係為+/- 0.06%。
| 粒子尺寸(體積密度 %) | |||
| Dx 10 μm | Dx 50 μm | Dx 90 μm | |
| 例示1 - 第1天 | 0.0668 | 0.122 | 0.212 |
| 例示1 - 第2天 | 0.0623 | 0.13 | 0.973 |
| 例示1 - 第3天 | 0.0595 | 0.125 | 0.892 |
| 例示1 - 第4天 | 0.0601 | 0.125 | 0.348 |
| 競爭者1 - 第1天 | 0.135 | 5.27 | 37.4 |
| 競爭者1 - 第2天 | 0.139 | 5.69 | 48.7 |
| 競爭者1 - 第3天 | 0.138 | 5.65 | 53.7 |
| 競爭者1 - 第4天 | 0.246 | 173 | 1070 |
| 競爭者2 - 第1天 | 0.0164 | 0.0387 | 0.158 |
| 競爭者2 - 第2天 | 0.0207 | 219 | 1210 |
| 競爭者2 - 第3天 | 0.023 | 226 | 1220 |
| 競爭者2 - 第4天 | 0.0252 | 218 | 1190 |
| 競爭者3 - 第1天 | 0.062 | 0.122 | 0.241 |
| 競爭者3 - 第2天 | 0.0634 | 0.129 | 72.4 |
| 競爭者3 - 第3天 | 0.0653 | 0.137 | 87.8 |
| 競爭者3 - 第4天 | 0.0645 | 0.134 | 117 |
| 例示2 - 第1天 | 0.0706 | 0.14 | 0.276 |
| 例示2 - 第2天 | 0.071 | 0.14 | 0.272 |
| 例示2 - 第3天 | 0.0711 | 0.14 | 0.282 |
| 例示2 - 第4天 | 0.0729 | 0.148 | 0.381 |
表10之結果顯示本發明金屬加工液之例示1及例示2於四天期間增加之體積密度比率係無顯著統計差異。競爭者1、2及3之金屬加工液於相同期間內之體積密度比率則具有統計差異。體積密度比率之增加表示乳化變得不穩定。
殘留於組件上之金屬加工溶液殘留,亦可指稱為黏附(carry-off)或帶出(drag-out),亦為重要之特性,因其表示溶液需要補充以維持效能及完整性之量。低黏附使加工液可操作較久,不需額外添加液體。現行金屬加工液之黏附係高於本發明之金屬加工液,導致較高之液體消耗並降低整體效能。該等問題使其必須外加金屬加工液以維持加工溶液之效能水平。
操作時,金屬加工液之效能係取決於維持其完整性之能力。液體無法維持其完整性之其一樣態係由於細菌及/或真菌之生長。當液體充滿細菌或真菌,液體之重要構成如pH、腐蝕抑制、乳化穩定性等,可能開始衰退,金屬加工液體將無法以其應有之方式運作。傳統上,金屬加工液體仰賴已註冊殺菌劑及真菌劑之使用,以控制非所需微生物之生長。其他控制細菌及/或真菌生長之方法包括含硼材料如硼酸之使用。用於測量金屬加工液之抑生及抑真菌控制之美國材料與試驗協會(ASTM)標準測試通常很漫長,且具有不一致之再現性。本申請人已發展專屬測試方法,其呈現良好再現性,且可相對較快地經執行。
表11所示之細菌指數及真菌指數係以專屬培養液微量稀釋法測定。較低之指數表示金屬加工液更能抵抗細菌及/或真菌之生長。經使用於測試之細菌係為假單胞菌屬(Pseudomonas
)之菌株,其通常可於現場金屬加工液中發現。經使用之真菌係為鐮胞菌屬(Fusarium
)之菌株,其通常可於商業應用之金屬加工液中發現。
表11
| 細菌指數 | |
| 競爭者A | 101 |
| 競爭者B | 123 |
| 競爭者C | 101 |
| 內部參考標準A | 28 |
| 內部參考標準B | 30 |
| 例示1 | 25 |
| 真菌指數 | |
| 競爭者A | 36 |
| 競爭者B | 41 |
| 競爭者C | 57 |
| 內部參考標準A | 14 |
| 內部參考標準B | 69 |
| 例示1 | 57 |
於本發明之較佳實施例,例示1顯示細菌及真菌之生長係經良好控制,且未使用有疑慮之材料。
以任意金屬加工液加工鐵質材料時,液體需包含某種類型之腐蝕保護,藉此,零件於下一程序前並不會受腐蝕。此外,為了確保機械自身於正常程序期間不受腐蝕,金屬加工液必須包含抵抗腐蝕之材料。為了測試金屬加工液具有防腐蝕能力,及為了間接測定液體之相對防護,標準IP 287係經執行。由於測試中經使用之水之組成係為重要,因此使用具有下列組成之合成水:
表12
| ppm | ||
| 鋁(Al) | 0 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 硼(B) | 0.2 | (+/‐ 5.00) |
| 鈣(Ca) | 83.88 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 銅(Cu) | 0 | (+/‐ 1.00) |
| 鐵(Fe) | 0 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 鉀(K) | 0 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 鎂(Mg) | 0.5 | (+/‐ 5.00) |
| 鈉(Na) | 0.4 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 磷(P) | 0 | (+/‐ 3.00) |
| 硫(S) | 69.2 | (+/‐ 25.00) |
| 矽(Si) | 0.1 | (+/‐ 5.00) |
| 鈷(Co) | 0 | (+/‐ 1.00) |
| 鉻(Cr) | 0 | (+/‐ 1.00) |
| 鎳(Ni) | 0 | (+/‐ 1.00) |
| 鉛(Pb) | 0 | (+/‐ 5.00) |
| 鋅(Zn) | 0 | (+/‐ 5.00) |
如例示1之金屬加工液,其稀釋係以下列濃度經製備:1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%、3.5%、4%、5%、7.5%及10%。使用之鑄鐵屑係以ASTM D4627-12規範經製備。腐蝕之評估係透過商用可行之電腦程式計算像素之方式經執行。受腐蝕像素之計數係經比較於空白測試樣本中總像素之計數。液體之無鏽點係以腐蝕比率(透過像素測量)低於或等於0.1%定義。
表13
| 無鏽點 | |
| 競爭者A | 2.50% |
| 競爭者B | 7.50% |
| 內部參考標準 | 3% |
| 例示1 | 1.5% |
上述表13顯示,相較於競爭者A、競爭者B及內部參考標準,具有或不具重複丙烯單元之一級胺、具有或不具醇基之胺、具有或不具乙基及甲基之三級胺、環胺化合物、二元酸(C10-C13)及多羧酸(polycarboxylic acid)之獨特組合提供經改善之鐵腐蝕套組。
當加工非鐵金屬時,金屬加工液提供該金屬保護係為重要。非鐵金屬相容性之測試係以三種相異方法執行。第一測試方法係以隔夜浸泡試驗執行。第二測試係為ASTM F483-09。第三測試係ASTM F1110-09。
第一測試係使用去離子水內之10%稀釋物(由穩定濃縮物製備)執行。該等金屬之製備係先透過使用Scotch-Brite®
砂紙片磨砂以去除任一已形成之氧化物層體,接著透過異丙醇(isopropyl alcohol)淋洗試樣,使該等金屬乾燥。Scotch-Brite®
係為明尼蘇達州聖保羅市(St. Paul, Minnesota)3M公司(3M Corporation)之註冊商標。樣品係藉由浸泡於50℃之6毫升溶液中15小時測試。樣品接著經外觀檢驗其腐蝕及/或鏽蝕之跡象。浸泡液之樣本亦透過電感耦合電漿(ICP)機械分析,以確定已溶解金屬之總量。ASTM F483-09及ASTM F1110-09測試亦透過下列各規範經執行。
於第一測試經測試之金屬係為:3003-H14鋁、2024-T3鋁、7075-T6鋁、CA-260黃銅,及CA-110銅。經ASTM F483-09規範測試之金屬係為:2024鋁鍍材、7075鋁鍍材、7075-T6鋁、7050鋁、Ti-6Al-4V鈦合金,及4130鋼。經ASTM F1110規範測試之金屬係為:2024鋁鍍材、7075鋁鍍材、7075-T6鋁、經酒石酸陽極處理(TSA)之2024鋁、經酒石酸陽極處理(TSA)之7075鋁,及Ti-6Al-4V鈦合金。該等結果分別經描繪於表14、表15、表16及表17。
表14
表15
| 外觀檢驗 | |||
| 例示1 | 競爭者A | 萬事達液體解決方案內部標準 | |
| 2024-T3鋁 | 無鏽 | 無鏽 | 無鏽 |
| 3003-H14鋁 | 無鏽 | 無鏽 | 無鏽 |
| 7075-T6鋁 | 無鏽 | 無鏽 | 無鏽 |
| CA-260黃銅 | 無鏽 | 無鏽 | 無鏽 |
| CA-110銅 | 無鏽 | 無鏽 | 無鏽 |
| ICP分析 | |||
| 例示1 | 競爭者A | 萬事達液體解決方案內部標準 | |
| 2024-T3鋁 | 鋁 > 10 ppm | 鋁 > 10 ppm | 鋁 > 10 ppm |
| 3003-H14鋁 | 鋁 > 10 ppm | 鋁 > 10 ppm | 鋁 > 10 ppm |
| 7075-T6鋁 | 鋁 > 10 ppm | 鋁 > 10 ppm | 鋁 > 10 ppm |
| CA-260黃銅 | 銅 > 10 ppm 鋅 > 10 ppm | 銅 > 10 ppm 鋅 > 10 ppm | 銅 > 10 ppm 鋅 > 10 ppm |
| CA-110銅 | 銅 > 10 ppm | 銅 > 10 ppm | 銅 > 10 ppm |
標準隔夜測試之結果顯示無受測產品鏽蝕或淋溶任一金屬。
表16
ASTM F1110
| 產品 | 濃度 | 金屬合金 | 試驗前金屬板外觀 | 試驗後金屬板外觀 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 0 | 2 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 0 | 1 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 0 | 3 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 0 | 0 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 7075裸材 | 0 | 3 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 7075裸材 | 0 | 4 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 鈦 | 0 | 1 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 鈦 | 0 | 1 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 2024 TSA | 0 | 1 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 2024 TSA | 0 | 0 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 7075 TSA | 0 | 2 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 7075 TSA | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 7075裸材 | 0 | 1 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 7075裸材 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 鈦 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 鈦 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 2024 TSA | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 2024 TSA | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 7075 TSA | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 7075 TSA | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 2024 TSA | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 7075 TSA | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 鈦 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 7075裸材 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 2024 TSA | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 7075 TSA | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 鈦 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 7075裸材 | 0 | 0 |
| 等級 | 0 | 試驗前後無鏽蝕/無差異 |
| 1 | 試驗前後具有小於10%之外觀差異 | |
| 2 | 試驗前後具有大於10%且小於50%之外觀差異 | |
| 3 | 試驗前後具有大於50%且小於75%之外觀差異 | |
| 4 | 試驗前後具有大於75%之外觀差異 |
ASTM F1110之結果顯示例示1於任一濃度並未鏽蝕任一金屬。內部參考標準僅鏽蝕其一金屬,並未鏽蝕所有金屬。領先之競爭產品於稀釋形式及濃縮形式皆鏽蝕複數金屬。
表17
| 產品 | 濃度 | 金屬合金 | 試驗前金屬板重量 | 試驗後金屬板重量(168小時) | 金屬板重量損失(毫克) | 試驗前金屬板外觀 | 試驗後金屬板外觀(168小時) |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 5.6123 | 5.724 | -0.1117 | 0 | 3 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 5.246 | 5.3546 | -0.1086 | 0 | 2 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 5.267 | 5.3265 | -0.0595 | 0 | 4 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 5.874 | 5.912 | -0.038 | 0 | 3 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 7075 | 5.248 | 5.249 | -1.0000 | 0 | 0 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 7075 | 5.267 | 5.27 | -3.0000 | 0 | 1 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 鈦 | 10.245 | 10.245 | 0.0000 | 0 | 0 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 鈦 | 10.567 | 10.566 | 1.0000 | 0 | 0 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 7050鋁 | 5.689 | 5.691 | -2.0000 | 0 | 0 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 7050鋁 | 5.678 | 5.678 | 0.0000 | 0 | 0 |
| 競爭者A | 100% | 4130 | 5.69 | 5.6901 | -0.1000 | 0 | 1 |
| 競爭者A | 10% | 4130 | 5.649 | 5.65 | -1.0000 | 0 | 1 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 5.8053 | 5.8051 | 0.2000 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 5.8093 | 5.809 | 0.3000 | 0 | 1 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 5.6936 | 5.6936 | 0.0000 | 0 | 1 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 5.699 | 5.6987 | 0.3000 | 0 | 1 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 7075 | 5.7652 | 5.7651 | 0.1000 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 7075 | 5.7512 | 5.7511 | 0.1000 | 0 | 1 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 鈦 | 10.4444 | 10.4441 | 0.3000 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 鈦 | 10.3484 | 10.3482 | 0.2000 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 7050鋁 | 5.3102 | 5.3103 | -0.1000 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 7050鋁 | 5.6293 | 5.6292 | 0.1000 | 0 | 0 |
| 內部參考標準 | 100% | 4130 | 4.167 | 4.1687 | -1.7000 | 0 | 1 |
| 內部參考標準 | 10% | 4130 | 4.2457 | 4.2466 | -0.9000 | 0 | 1 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 5.8055 | 5.8054 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 5.801 | 5.8011 | -0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 7050 | 5.711 | 5.7111 | -0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 7050 | 5.6996 | 5.6996 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 鈦 | 5.7551 | 5.755 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 100% | 4130 | 5.7498 | 5.7499 | -0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 2024鋁鍍材 | 5.645 | 5.6451 | -0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 7075鋁鍍材 | 5.6887 | 5.6888 | -0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 7050 | 5.6234 | 5.6234 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 7050 | 5.6451 | 5.6452 | -0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 鈦 | 5.6556 | 5.6555 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| 例示1 | 10% | 4130 | 5.7 | 5.6999 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
ASTM F483之結果顯示例示1及內部參考標準並未鏽蝕任一金屬。本發明及內部參考標準並未具有大於二毫克之重量損失。領先之競爭產品於稀釋形式及濃縮形式皆鏽蝕複數金屬。競爭者於其一金屬具有大於二毫克之重量損失。
胺類(具有或不具重複丙烯單元之一級胺、具有或不具醇基之胺、具有或不具乙基及甲基之三級胺,及環胺化合物)與甲苯基及/或苯基三唑(triazole),及磷酸酯之獨特結合提供本發明防止不同鋁合金鏽蝕之能力。
本發明之論述僅為例示性質,不脫離本發明要旨之變化型係為且應視為本發明範圍內。該等變化型不應視為脫離本發明之精神與範圍,而應視為其精神與範圍之內。
無
圖1係三個相異金屬加工溶液於三個測試循環中之泡沫體積,其中,直立之「Y」軸係以毫升表示泡沫體積,水平之「X」軸表示循環持續之時間。
Claims (9)
- 一種水溶性金屬加工濃縮物,其包含下列物質之組合:多個胺,包含:2.5wt% α-氫-ω-(2-胺甲基乙氧基)-聚(氧基(甲基-1,2-乙烷二基))與2-乙基-2-羥甲基-1,3-丙二醇之3:1酯化物;2wt% 3-胺基4-辛醇;10wt% 2-(N-羥乙基-N-甲胺基)乙醇;及3wt% N-環己基環己胺;至少一鐵腐蝕抑制劑;至少一磷酸酯;至少一醚羧酸;一蓖麻酸濃縮物;至少一潤滑劑;及一餘額之水。
- 如請求項1所述之水溶性金屬加工濃縮物,其中,該蓖麻酸濃縮物包含5wt% 12-羥基-(9Z,12R)-9-十八酸之同質聚合物。
- 如請求項2所述之水溶性金屬加工濃縮物,其中,該至少一潤滑劑包含:6wt% R-(Z)-12-羥基-9-十八酸之同質聚合物;3wt%油菜籽油;及3wt% C14-C18及C16-C22不飽和烷基羧酸。
- 如請求項3所述之水溶性金屬加工濃縮物,其中,該至少一磷酸酯包含:3wt% α-9Z-9-十八烯-1-基-ω-羥基-聚(氧-1,2-乙烷二基)磷酸;及1.7wt% 2-乙基己基磷酸酯。
- 如請求項4所述之水溶性金屬加工濃縮物,其中,該至少一鐵腐蝕抑制劑包含:0.12wt% 1,8-辛二甲酸;0.5wt% 1,9-壬烷二甲酸;0.38wt%十二烷二酸;及2wt% 6,6',6"-(1,3,5三嗪-2,4,6-三基三亞胺基)三己酸。
- 如請求項5所述之水溶性金屬加工濃縮物,其中,該至少一醚羧酸包含2wt% Z-α-羧甲基-ω-(9-十八烷基氧基)-聚(氧-1,2-乙烷二基)。
- 如請求項6所述之水溶性金屬加工濃縮物,其進一步包含一非鐵腐蝕抑制劑,該非鐵腐蝕抑制劑包含0.3wt% 4(5)-甲基-1H-苯並三唑。
- 如請求項6所述之水溶性金屬加工濃縮物,其進一步包含一消泡劑,該消泡劑包含0.1wt%聚乙烯-聚丙二醇之有機矽氧聚合物。
- 如請求項6所述之水溶性金屬加工濃縮物,其進一步包含氯及/或含氯化合物、硫及/或含硫化合物、及硼及/或含硼化合物。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201862744364P | 2018-10-11 | 2018-10-11 | |
| US62/744,364 | 2018-10-11 | ||
| US16/553,935 | 2019-08-28 | ||
| US16/553,935 US11396708B2 (en) | 2018-10-11 | 2019-08-28 | Water soluble metalworking concentrate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW202028445A TW202028445A (zh) | 2020-08-01 |
| TWI783180B true TWI783180B (zh) | 2022-11-11 |
Family
ID=70161724
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW108135755A TWI783180B (zh) | 2018-10-11 | 2019-10-02 | 水溶性金屬加工濃縮物 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11396708B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP3864116A4 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN112805358B (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI783180B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2020076678A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114411153B (zh) * | 2021-11-17 | 2023-02-03 | 北京科技大学 | 一种瓢儿白提取物q235钢缓蚀剂及其应用方法 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103827278A (zh) * | 2011-05-06 | 2014-05-28 | 凯密特尔有限责任公司 | 无胺无voc的金属加工液 |
Family Cites Families (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1365943A (en) | 1970-09-16 | 1974-09-04 | Gaf Corp | Metalworking additive and composition and process for making the same |
| US4654155A (en) | 1985-03-29 | 1987-03-31 | Reynolds Metals Company | Microemulsion lubricant |
| WO1993002164A1 (en) | 1991-07-15 | 1993-02-04 | Olin Corporation | Glycol/water microemulsion metalworking fluids |
| SE513669C2 (sv) | 1999-01-18 | 2000-10-16 | Rolf Skoeld | Vattenhaltig metallbearbetningsvätska |
| KR100704876B1 (ko) * | 1999-07-21 | 2007-04-09 | 다이니혼 잉키 가가쿠 고교 가부시키가이샤 | 극압 첨가제 및 그 제조 방법, 절삭액 및 연삭액 |
| ES2206052B1 (es) * | 2002-10-24 | 2005-05-01 | Kao Corporation, S.A. | Uso de etercarboxilatos como lubricantes. |
| KR100645098B1 (ko) * | 2005-07-26 | 2006-11-10 | 주식회사 한국하우톤 | 대두유, 채종유 메틸에스테르 에톡시화물을 유화제로사용한 수용성 금속가공유 조성물 |
| US8716200B2 (en) * | 2006-09-13 | 2014-05-06 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Conveyor lubricants including emulsion of a lipophilic compound and an emulsifier and/or an anionic surfactant and methods employing them |
| JP5204390B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-27 | 2013-06-05 | ユシロ化学工業株式会社 | 水溶性金属加工剤、クーラント及びその調製方法、水溶性金属加工剤の微生物劣化防止方法、並びに金属加工 |
| KR100750394B1 (ko) * | 2007-01-12 | 2007-08-17 | 주식회사 한국하우톤 | 바이오 디젤 생산 시 생성되는 증류 잔류물을 이용한수용성 금속가공유 조성물 |
| EP2105493B1 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2014-05-14 | Diversey, Inc. | Dry lubrication method employing oil-based lubricants |
| WO2010096766A1 (en) * | 2009-02-23 | 2010-08-26 | Noxilizer, Inc. | Device and method for gas sterilization |
| JP5654229B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-30 | 2015-01-14 | 出光興産株式会社 | 水溶性金属加工油剤およびその使用方法 |
| JP5965134B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-17 | 2016-08-03 | 出光興産株式会社 | 水溶性金属加工油剤、金属加工液、及び金属加工方法 |
| JP6051026B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-20 | 2016-12-21 | 出光興産株式会社 | 水溶性金属加工油剤、金属加工液、及び金属加工方法 |
| US9778242B2 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2017-10-03 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Metal working fluid composition and method of detecting fluid deterioration |
| CA2896932C (en) * | 2014-02-03 | 2020-03-31 | Fuchs Petrolub Se | Amine compositions for industrial process fluids |
| ES2856373T3 (es) * | 2014-04-09 | 2021-09-27 | Italmatch Sc Llc | Inhibidores de la corrosión libre de boro de fluidos para trabajar metales |
| CN104277902B (zh) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-08-24 | 广州中机实业有限公司 | 一种重负荷金属加工全合成切削液及其制备方法与应用 |
| US10041019B2 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2018-08-07 | Continental Automotive Systems, Inc. | Drilling fluid system |
| CN106479654A (zh) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-03-08 | 深圳市宏达威表面处理技术有限公司 | 水基金属切削液 |
-
2019
- 2019-08-28 US US16/553,935 patent/US11396708B2/en active Active
- 2019-10-02 TW TW108135755A patent/TWI783180B/zh active
- 2019-10-07 WO PCT/US2019/054950 patent/WO2020076678A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2019-10-07 CN CN201980066574.XA patent/CN112805358B/zh active Active
- 2019-10-07 EP EP19871702.7A patent/EP3864116A4/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103827278A (zh) * | 2011-05-06 | 2014-05-28 | 凯密特尔有限责任公司 | 无胺无voc的金属加工液 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112805358B (zh) | 2023-03-24 |
| WO2020076678A1 (en) | 2020-04-16 |
| CN112805358A (zh) | 2021-05-14 |
| US20200115805A1 (en) | 2020-04-16 |
| EP3864116A4 (en) | 2022-08-31 |
| US11396708B2 (en) | 2022-07-26 |
| EP3864116A1 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
| TW202028445A (zh) | 2020-08-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0917559B1 (en) | Waterborne lubricant for the cold plastic working of metals | |
| EP2928992B1 (en) | Additive compositions and industrial process fluids | |
| JP5457452B2 (ja) | 耐食性に優れる塑性加工用水系潤滑剤および塑性加工性に優れる金属材料 | |
| JP7030713B2 (ja) | 金属加工液 | |
| JP5224251B2 (ja) | 金属材料の水性塑性加工用潤滑剤組成物 | |
| CN109401810B (zh) | 无胺无voc的金属加工液 | |
| CN104277902A (zh) | 一种重负荷金属加工全合成切削液及其制备方法与应用 | |
| CN104745277A (zh) | 一种防锈微乳化金属切削液及其制备方法 | |
| JP5549957B1 (ja) | 水性冷間塑性加工用潤滑剤組成物 | |
| CN104479833A (zh) | 一种高效能安全环保全合成切削液及其制备方法 | |
| CN111662773A (zh) | 一种长效全合成镁合金切削液及加工方法 | |
| BRPI0819753B1 (pt) | Composição de lubrificante líquida aquosa, método de formar um revestimento passivado e lubrificante combinado em um substrato metálico, substrato metálico, e, processo para fabricar uma peça metálica. | |
| JP2016125047A (ja) | オイル類及び乳化剤を含まないバイオ潤滑金属加工液 | |
| AU5167996A (en) | Aqueous lubricant and process for cold forming metal, particularly pointing thick-walled metal tubes | |
| TWI783180B (zh) | 水溶性金屬加工濃縮物 | |
| CN104403769A (zh) | 一种多功能切削液及其制备方法 | |
| CN110684585B (zh) | 一种微乳型切削液及其制备方法 | |
| WO2015053192A1 (ja) | 水溶性切削油剤原液組成物、切削油剤組成物および切削加工方法 | |
| CN115029175A (zh) | 一种不含磷硼的锌合金切削液及其制备方法 | |
| CN108485777A (zh) | 一种防锈性能优异的水基金属切削液 | |
| US5091100A (en) | Fatty triglyceride-in-water solid film high temperature prelube emulsion for hot rolled steel | |
| CN116622434A (zh) | 一种具有抗杂油性能的水基全合成切削液及其制备方法 | |
| US6001784A (en) | High melt point solid film prelube emulsion for use on aluminum and other metals | |
| CN111732994A (zh) | 一种钢铝兼用水基金属加工切削液及其制备方法 | |
| CN111303979A (zh) | 一种绿色环保水基全合成切削液及其制备方法和应用 |