TWI782365B - Methods to prevent frost on planted crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a method for preventing planting crops from frosting. The first temperature sensor senses the temperature of the first ambient air and sends it back to the control device and determines that the temperature of the first ambient air is lower than the first preset temperature. The signal is sent to the heating device, the heating device receives and heats the water tower device, heats the water in the water tower device to a preset temperature, and the control device sprays the water to the open planting area through the spray device, when the control device judges the second ambient air temperature When equal to the second preset temperature, the control device stops the spraying device.

Description

The method of preventing planting crops from frost

The present invention relates to a method and system, in particular to a method for preventing frost on planted crops.

Crops grown in Taiwan, such as tea, flowers, vegetables, or fruits, are susceptible to frost damage. For example, during the budding period of spring tea from March to April every year, cold air masses are often hit, causing severe frost damage to crops. Causing huge losses to farmers, especially crops in high-altitude mountainous areas, is an unavoidable natural disaster.

High mountain tea gardens above 1000 meters above sea level, or tea gardens located in mountain depressions, mountain tops or poorly ventilated places, if the temperature drops suddenly and the humidity in the air is insufficient, or when there is no fog or wind in the mountains When a low air pressure strikes, it is very likely that frost, ice beads or icicles will condense on the surface of tea trees and planted crops with moisture.

After the tea tree is frosted at low temperature, and then exposed to sunlight, the planted crops will be blackened and browned, and the branches will wither. If the tea tree frost damage occurs before the spring buds are harvested, it will be serious. Affect the yield and production period of spring tea.

However, tea gardens use various methods to prevent frost damage. The methods currently used are: rice bran anti-frost method and frost-proof fans.

Rice bran anti-frost method: It is the earliest anti-frost measure. When the weather is fine during the daytime in spring and autumn, rice bran will be put into iron buckets before evening, and then ignited and smoldered, then placed in the tea garden. The temperature around the iron barrel is increased, so that the planted crops will not frost due to the temperature drop, but this method has very limited effect, only 3 to 5 meters around the iron barrel.

Frost-proof fan: install a fan above the tea tree. When the temperature around the tea tree is lower than 5°C, the fan will automatically start to disturb the higher warm air downwards. The effective frost-proof range of the fan is about 25-30 kilometers It is currently the most effective way to prevent frost.

However, the above-mentioned rice bran anti-frost method manually judges whether the tea tree will be frosted, and the effective range of rice bran is only 3 to 5 meters away from the iron bucket. If the entire tea garden is to be covered, the rice bran and iron The number of barrels is huge, and after smoldering, they are transported to a fixed point only by manpower, which is very inconvenient and dangerous.

The anti-frost fan anti-frost method is to set the fan at a high place, and then blow the warm air from 6 to 10 meters to the tea trees below through the anti-frost fan, so that the tea trees will not produce frost through the exchange of hot and cold air. Frost phenomenon, but the anti-frost fan anti-frost method is more suitable for flat terrain. If it is used on terrain with mountain depressions or slopes, it will cause frost-proof blind spots, resulting in tea loss for tea farmers.

In addition, there is also the anti-frost method of the tunnel shed, which covers the tea tree through non-woven fabric, but it will still reduce the temperature of the tea tree to -2°C, causing the tea tree to frost due to low temperature. When frosting, it is very inconvenient and troublesome to adjust the height and thickness of the non-woven fabric.

For this reason, how to prevent the generation of the frost phenomenon that cold current brings, and avoid the spring tea germination period planting and yield reduction problem of spring tea from March to April due to frost, is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

One object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing planting crops from frosting, which uses water temperature to adjust the temperature of the open planting area, so that the temperature of the open planting area is maintained at 5-6°C or more, so that the open planting area The planting will not cause frost on the planting surface due to the low ambient temperature.

For the above purpose, the present invention provides a method for preventing planting crops from frosting, which is used in an open planting area, and the steps include a first temperature sensor sensing a first ambient air temperature and returning it to the control device, the When the control device judges that the first ambient air temperature is lower than a first preset temperature, the control device sends a heating signal to a heating device, and the heating device receives and heats a water tower device according to the heating signal, and the The water in the water tower device is heated to a preset temperature, the control device sprays the water to the open planting area through a sprinkler device, and the first temperature sensor senses a second ambient air temperature and sends it back to the control device device, when the control device determines that the second ambient air temperature is equal to a second preset temperature, the control device stops the spraying device, wherein the heated water raises the open planting area higher than the first preset temperature temperature, and circulate spraying to maintain the temperature of the open planting area between the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature, so that a plant in the open planting area will not be frosted due to the low temperature .

The invention provides an embodiment, wherein the heating device includes at least one first heating unit and at least one second heating unit.

The invention provides an embodiment, wherein the at least one first heating unit is a gas heater, an electric water heater, a boiler or a solar heater.

The present invention provides an embodiment, wherein the preset temperature is 30 to 40°C.

The present invention provides an embodiment, wherein the first preset temperature is 6°C.

The present invention provides an embodiment, wherein the second preset temperature is 8°C.

The present invention provides an embodiment, wherein the at least one second heating unit is a diesel water heater, an electric water heater, a boiler or a solar heater.

The present invention provides an embodiment, wherein the control device is a PLC control device, an automatic control device, a personal computer, a server, a mobile phone or a tablet computer.

The invention provides an embodiment, wherein the water tower device includes a water tower and a water pipeline.

In order to enable your review committee members to have a further understanding and understanding of the characteristics of the present invention and the achieved effects, I would like to provide a better embodiment and a detailed description, as follows:

Known anti-frost methods, some heat the rice bran and place it in an iron bucket to slowly heat up the environment, or use a frost-proof fan to circulate the temperature to prevent the tea tree from frosting, or cover the tea tree with non-woven cloth to prevent it from being affected. The influence of external temperature, however, the above-mentioned methods, rice bran heating method and non-woven fabric method, the influence range is small and the effect is not obvious. Although the anti-frost fan method can achieve better results, it is easily limited if the terrain is undulating. Terrain influence, and the cost is high.

The method for preventing planting crops from frosting according to the present invention is to use water temperature to adjust the temperature of the open planting area, so that the temperature of the open planting area is maintained above 5-6°C, so that the planting in the open planting area will not Frost occurs on the planting surface because the ambient temperature is too low.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by illustrating various embodiments of the present invention by means of the accompanying drawings. Inventive concepts may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the illustrative embodiments set forth herein.

First of all, please refer to Fig. 1, which is a schematic flow chart of the steps of one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the steps include:

Step S10: the first temperature sensor senses the first ambient air temperature and sends it back to the control device, and the control device judges that the first ambient air temperature is lower than the first preset temperature;

Step S20: the control device sends a warming signal to the heating device;

Step S30: The heating device receives and heats the water tower device according to the heating signal, and heats the water in the water tower device to a preset temperature;

Step S40: the control device sprays the water to the open planting area through the sprinkler device; and

Step S50: The first temperature sensor senses the temperature of the second ambient air and sends it back to the control device. When the control device judges that the second ambient air temperature is equal to the second preset temperature, the control device stops the spraying device.

As described in the above steps, please refer to Fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the system of an embodiment of the present invention. As mentioned above in step S10, the method for preventing frost on planted crops of the present invention is used in an open planting area 100 , through a first temperature sensor 10 sensing the ambient air temperature 82 of the open planting area 100, the first temperature sensor 10 is set in one of the plants (not shown) in the open planting area 100 side, and about 1.2 meters away from the ground, slightly higher than the plant, through the first temperature sensor 10, the ambient air temperature 82 around the plant can be sensed in real time.

Then as shown in step S20 to step S40, the first temperature sensor 10 returns the ambient air temperature 82 to a control device 20, wherein the control device 20 is a PLC control device, an automatic control device, a personal computer, a servo device, mobile phone or tablet computer, which contains an application program (not shown), which is automatically controlled by the application program or manually operated by the user to turn on or off the control device 20 .

Then as shown in step S10, when the control device 20 sends a heating signal 92 to a heating device 40, the heating device 40 receives and activates a water tower device 30 according to the heating signal 92, and one of the water tower devices 30 The water (not shown) is heated to a preset temperature (not shown).

After the temperature rise is completed, as shown in step S50, the first temperature sensor 10 senses a first ambient air temperature 84 and sends it back to the control device 20, and the control device 20 judges that the first ambient air temperature 84 is lower than a first ambient air temperature 84. When a preset temperature 24, the control device 20 sprays the water to the open planting area 100 through a spraying device 50, the first temperature sensor 10 senses a second ambient air temperature 86 and sends it back to the control device 20, When the control device 20 determines that the second ambient air temperature 86 is equal to a second preset temperature 26 , the control device 20 stops the spraying device 50 .

Wherein, the spraying device 50 can also be manually opened by the user (such as: a water valve) switch, so as to facilitate the direct operation of the spraying device 50 to open or close.

Wherein, the preset temperature is 20 to 30° C. or 30 to 40° C. The present embodiment is 30 to 40° C. as an example, but not limited to this temperature. The first preset temperature 24 is between 3 and 40° C. 4°C, 3 to 5°C or 3 to 6°C, the present embodiment is 3 to 6°C as an example, but not limited to this temperature, the second preset temperature 26 is 8°C, 9°C or 10°C , this embodiment is based on 8 ° C as an example, but not limited to this temperature.

On the other hand, the heating device 40 includes at least one first heating unit 42 and at least one second heating unit 44, wherein the at least one first heating unit 42 is a gas heater, an electric water heater or a solar heating unit. In this embodiment, a gas water heater is used for illustration, but it is not limited to the above. In addition, the at least one second heating unit 44 is a diesel-fired water heater, an electric water heater, a solar heater or a boiler water heater. This embodiment is based on Diesel fired water heaters are described but not limited to.

If above-mentioned at least one first heating unit 42 is used more than two, it is a parallel state (using a four-way pipe), and the at least one second heating unit 44 is connected with the at least one first heating unit 42 (using Two-inch pipes) are connected in series so that the water can be heated to the desired temperature quickly.

In addition, please refer to Figure 2 together. As shown in the figure, the present invention achieves the purpose of preventing frost on planted crops through a system 1 for preventing frost on planted crops. In the type planting area 100, one side of the planting in the open planting area 100 is provided with the first temperature sensor 10, and the first temperature sensor 10 has a height (not shown) from the ground, wherein, The height is about 1 meter to 1.2 meters. The system for preventing frosting of planted crops includes the control device 20, the water tower device 30, the heating device 40 and the spraying device 50. The control device 20 is connected with the first The temperature sensor 10 is electrically connected and disposed in the open planting area 100 .

The water tower device 30 is arranged in the open planting area 100, the water tower device 30 includes the at least one water tower 32 and a water pipeline 34, the water tower device 30 uses the water tower 32 to store a water (not shown), and One side of the heating device 40 is connected to the water tower 32 of the water tower device 30 through the water pipeline 34, and the heating device 40 is electrically connected to the automatic control device 20, and the spraying device 50 is arranged on the planting On one side, the spraying device 50 is connected to the water tower 32 through a pipeline 60 .

Wherein, the water pipeline 34 is provided with a thermometer 36 and a second temperature sensor 38, the thermometer 36 is arranged at the water outlet of the water tower 32, and it is used to detect the temperature of the water outlet of the water tower 32, the second The temperature sensor 38 is arranged at the water outlet of the heating device 40, and it is used to detect the temperature of the water heated by the heating device 40. When the preset temperature is reached, the heating device 40 will stop heating. Further, the water pipeline 34 further includes a pump 31 for pressurizing the water on the water pipeline 34 .

In addition, the pipeline 60 further includes a solenoid valve 62 for controlling the amount of water flowing from the pipeline 60 to the spraying device 50 .

In order to clearly illustrate the method of the present invention, here is an example of implementation. Taking tea trees planted in tea gardens as an example, in alpine tea gardens, it is usually during the budding period of tea trees and spring tea from March to April, and the planted crops are prone to frost due to low temperature. Phenomena, once frost occurs, it will cause great loss to the tea garden. Therefore, when the first temperature sensor senses that the current ambient temperature of the tea tree drops suddenly (the first ambient air temperature 84) to 6°C, the present invention passes through the The control device 20 controls the heating device 40 to start heating the water in the water tower 32 of the water tower device 30 through a signal, so that the temperature reaches 30-40°C.

And the control device 20 will open the electromagnetic valve 62, deliver the water of the water tower 32 to the pipeline 60, and control the sprinkler 50 to start spraying water. In this part, when the water tower 32 In the process of the water flowing in the pipeline 60, the temperature of the water can also alternately cool and heat with the cold air around the pipeline 60, so that the temperature of the path through which the pipeline 60 passes can be increased.

Finally, after the current ambient temperature of the tea tree (the second ambient temperature 86) is sprayed with the water, the temperature of the water is exchanged with the cold air in the environment, so that the current ambient temperature of the tea tree can be maintained so that the tea tree does not produce frost. When the phenomenon occurs, the spraying time depends on the current ambient temperature of the tea tree. When the temperature rises to 6° C. (the first preset temperature), the control device 20 will stop spraying the water around the tea tree.

In addition, if the water tower 32 has not been heated to the preset temperature (between 30 and 40° C.), but the current environmental temperature of the tea tree has dropped suddenly, the control device 20 also preferentially controls the spraying device 50 to spray the water , to avoid greater losses in tea gardens.

And further, please refer to Fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of the spraying of an open planting area according to an embodiment of the present invention. range (A to E shown by dotted lines in the 3rd figure), through these spraying devices 50, the open planting area can be sprayed without dead ends, so that the plant will not be caused by not spraying the water. Frost phenomenon, and these spraying devices 50 can spray in the mode of cyclic spraying, for example, after the spraying device 50 of a first spraying range A sprays, then a second spraying is started by the control device 20 The spraying device 50 in range B, a third spraying range C, a fourth spraying range D and a fifth spraying range E start spraying in sequence, and when the fifth spraying range E finishes spraying, the control device 20 again Start the spraying device 50 in the first spraying area A to perform cyclic spraying, so that the temperature of the entire open planting area 100 can be maintained between the first preset temperature 24 and the second preset temperature 26 , keep the open planting area 100 at 6 to 8°C until the open planting area 100 has passed the cold night until the sun rises, and the cycle is stopped after the temperature is maintained at 6°C to 8°C The action of spraying prevents the plant from being damaged by frost caused by cold.

Therefore, the present invention is a method for preventing planting crops from frosting. It is used in the open planting area 100. When the temperature drops to before frosting (5-6° C.), water storage (in the water tower device 30) is used to store water for irrigation. The water of the water tower 32), the water is heated to the preset temperature, through the irrigation delivery equipment (comprising the water tower device 30, the pump 31, the water tower 32 and the water pipeline 34 with the spraying device 50), the added After warming, the water is sprayed into the open planting area 100, and the surrounding temperature of the open planting area 100 increases, which can prevent the crops from frosting and frost damage.

The above-mentioned embodiment, the method of the present invention, is a method for preventing planting crops from frosting, which is to use water temperature to adjust the temperature of the open planting area, so that the temperature of the open planting area is maintained at above 5~6°C , so that the planting in the open planting area will not produce frost on the planting surface because the ambient temperature is too low.

Therefore, the present invention is novel, progressive and can be used in industry. It should meet the patent application requirements of my country's patent law. I file an invention patent application in accordance with the law. I pray that the bureau will grant the patent as soon as possible. I sincerely pray.

However, the above-mentioned ones are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. For example, all equal changes and modifications are made according to the shape, structure, characteristics and spirit described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention. , should be included in the patent application scope of the present invention.

1: Anti-frost system for planted crops 10: The first temperature sensor 100: Open planting area 20: Control device 24: The first preset temperature 26: Second preset temperature 30: Water tower device 31: pump 32: Water tower 34: water pipeline 36: Thermometer 38: Second temperature sensor 40: heating device 42: The first heating unit 44: Second heating unit 50: spraying device 60: pipeline 62:Solenoid valve 82: ambient air temperature 84: The first ambient air temperature 86: Second ambient air temperature 92: heating signal A: The first spraying range B: The second spray range C: The third spray range D: The fourth spray range E: fifth spray range S10, S20, S30, S40, S50: steps

Fig. 1: It is a schematic flow chart of the steps of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2: It is a system schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 3: It is a schematic diagram of the spraying of an open planting area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

S10, S20, S30, S40, S50: steps

Claims (7)

A method for preventing frost on planted crops, which is used in an open planting area before frost, the steps comprising: arranging a first temperature sensor on one side of a plant in the open planting area; the second A temperature sensor senses a first ambient air temperature and sends it back to a control device. When the control device judges that the first ambient air temperature is lower than a first preset temperature, the first preset temperature is 3 to 6°C ; The control device sends a heating signal to a heating device; the heating device receives and heats a water tower device according to the heating signal, and heats up the water in the water tower device to a preset temperature, and the preset temperature is 30 to 40°C; the control device sprays the water to the open planting area through a spraying device; and the first temperature sensor senses a second ambient air temperature and sends it back to the control device, and the control device judges that the When the second ambient air temperature is equal to a second preset temperature, the control device stops the spraying device; wherein, the temperature of the open planting area is raised higher than the first preset temperature by the heated water, and circulates Spraying keeps the temperature of the open planting area between the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature, so that a plant in the open planting area does not produce frost. The method for preventing frost on planted crops according to claim 1, wherein the heating device includes at least one first heating unit and at least one second heating unit. The method for preventing frost on planted crops according to claim 2, wherein the at least one first heating unit is a gas heater, an electric water heater, a boiler or a solar heater. The method for preventing frost on planted crops as described in Claim 1, wherein the second preset temperature is 8°C. The method for preventing frost on planted crops as described in Claim 1, wherein the at least one second heating unit is a diesel water heater, an electric water heater, a boiler or a solar heater. The method for preventing frost on planted crops as described in Claim 1, wherein the control device is a PLC control device, an automatic control device, a personal computer, a server, a mobile phone or a tablet computer. The method for preventing frost on planted crops as described in claim 1, wherein the water tower device includes a water tower and a water pipeline.

Images