TWI779951B - Floor structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a floor structure. The floor structure includes a concrete layer, a polymer vibration-absorbing layer, and a decorative layer. The polymer vibration-absorbing layer is disposed on the concrete layer, and the polymer vibration-absorbing layer is formed by drying a mixture including cement, sand, and vibration-absorbing material. The density of the vibration-absorbing material is within 20 to 1200 kg/m ³. The decorative layer is disposed on the vibration-absorbing layer. The floor structure of the present disclosure directly blends the vibration-absorbing material into the cement mortar to form a polymer vibration-absorbing layer with high support and excellent vibration-absorbing effect. Compared with the prior art, the floor structure of the present disclosure has a simple structure with easy operation that may greatly reduce construction costs. Moreover, the floor structure of the present disclosure may be more effectively used in various buildings.

Description

floor structure

This application relates to the technical field of building structures, in particular to a floor structure.

With the change of economic structure, social structure and spatial structure, the population begins to concentrate in cities. Increased population density means that people make more noise. Therefore, the current "Building Technical Regulations" requires that in newly built or added buildings of townhouses and collective houses, the floor slabs used to separate the upper and lower floors must have a certain sound insulation effect to avoid mutual interference.

Based on the above, sound insulation can be further divided into noise reduction and shock absorption. In order to effectively absorb shocks, cement mortar, shock absorbing materials, cement mortar, plates and tiles are generally stacked on the concrete layer as the floor slab in order to prepare a floor structure with shock absorption function. However, the above-mentioned floor structure is complicated. Specifically, in order to securely install the shock-absorbing material in the floor structure, operators need to lay cement mortar before and after installing the shock-absorbing material. That is to say, just laying the cement mortar, shock-absorbing material and cement mortar in the floor structure will cost a lot of construction time and manpower. If the laying procedure is complicated or the technology is not good, it may cause uneven construction quality, thereby reducing the shock absorption effect. Therefore, how to design a floor structure with a simple structure and excellent shock-absorbing effect has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field.

The embodiment of the present application provides a floor structure, which solves the problem that the current floor structure with a shock absorption function is too complicated, resulting in high construction costs.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the application is implemented as follows:

A floor structure is provided, which includes a concrete layer, a polymer shock-absorbing layer and a decorative layer. The polymer shock-absorbing layer is arranged on the concrete layer, and the polymer shock-absorbing layer is formed by drying a mixture, the mixture includes cement, sand and shock-absorbing material, and the density of the shock-absorbing material is between 20 and 1200 kg/m ³ . The decoration layer is arranged on the shock-absorbing layer.

In the floor structure of the present application, the shock-absorbing material is directly mixed into the cement mortar to form a polymer shock-absorbing layer with high support and excellent shock-absorbing effect. Compared with the prior art, the floor structure of the present application is simple in structure, easy to operate, can greatly reduce construction cost, and can be effectively applied in various buildings.

In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical features, content and advantages of this application and the effects it can achieve, this application is hereby combined with the accompanying drawings and described in detail as follows in the form of embodiments, and the purposes of the drawings used therein are only For the purpose of illustrating and assisting the description, it may not be the true proportion and precise configuration of this application after implementation. Therefore, the proportion and configuration relationship of the attached drawings should not be interpreted or limited to the scope of rights of this application in actual implementation. Description.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the meaning commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art and this application, and will not be interpreted as idealized or excessive formal meaning, unless expressly so defined herein.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a floor structure according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the floor structure 1 includes a concrete layer 10 , a polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 and a decoration layer 12 . The polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 is arranged on the concrete layer 10, and the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 is formed by drying the mixture. Further, the mixture includes cement, sand and shock-absorbing material 110, and the density of the shock-absorbing material is between 20 and 1200 kg/m ³ . The decoration layer 12 is disposed on the shock absorbing layer. With the shock-absorbing material 110 disposed in the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 absorbing shock, the floor structure 1 of the present application can have an excellent shock-absorbing effect. In addition, the structure of the floor structure 1 of the present application is simple, helps to simplify the construction process, and can be used in various buildings. In the following, each layer in the floor structure 1 will be introduced in detail to make the technical features of the present application more understandable and clear.

In some embodiments, the concrete layer 10 may be a floor structure (ie, a floor) between floors, which is used to carry various functional floors thereon. It is worth mentioning that the concrete layer 10 of the present application may also include the shock-absorbing material 110 as in the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 to further enhance the shock-absorbing effect. For the specific description of the shock-absorbing material 110, reference may be made to the following.

A polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 is arranged on the concrete layer 10 . In the present application, the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 is formed by drying a stirred mixture including cement mortar 111 and shock-absorbing material 110 , but is not limited to the above-mentioned materials. Wherein, the cement mortar 111 is made by mixing water, silt, and cement with additives such as surfactants, such as superplasticizers. For example, high-efficiency plasticizers can contain sulfonic acid groups or acrylic acid groups to act as cement water reducers to reduce the consistency of cement mortar. In this way, the mixture formed by mixing the above ingredients has fluidity and is easy to apply. It is worth mentioning that the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 of the present application does not limit the mixing steps, which can be adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, when the operator is preparing the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 , the operator may first prepare the cement mortar 111 with a specific ratio, and then put the shock-absorbing material 110 into the cement mortar 111 and stir evenly. Alternatively, the operator can also inject water, sand, cement and the shock-absorbing material 110 at the same time to prepare the uncured polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 (that is, the mixture).

In some embodiments, the mixture may further include lime. Specifically, by mixing lime into the cement mortar 111 to form a mixed mortar, the mixture can have more excellent adhesion. A mixture with excellent adhesion can be used to bond two laminates of the floor structure 1 . For example, when the floor structure 1 also includes a waterproof layer, a fireproof layer or other types of functional layers, the operator can mix lime into the material of the mixture, and use the mixture mixed with lime as an interlayer adhesive, so as to achieve Simultaneously shock absorption, adhesion and high support effect. Therefore, the quality of the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 can also be effectively improved by using various additives or dispersants known to those skilled in the art.

In some embodiments, the shock-absorbing material 110 includes plastic, rubber, fiber, or any combination thereof. Specifically, the above-mentioned materials all have an excellent modulus of elasticity, that is, the above-mentioned materials can reduce vibration through a large amount of deformation, elasticity, energy absorption or storage. Therefore, when the polymer material layer includes the shock-absorbing material 110 , part or all of external vibrations (such as sound waves, shock waves, impacts, etc.) will be absorbed by the polymer material, thereby achieving an excellent shock-absorbing effect.

For example, the shock-absorbing material 110 may be thermoplastic elastomers (Thermoplastic elastomers, TPE), such as: thermoplastic polyurethane (Thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU), polyolefin elastomer (Thermoplastic olefinic Elastomer, TPE), or thermosetting (cross-linked) rubber (Vulcanized Elastomers), polystyrene hydrocarbon elastomers (Styrene/Butadiene Rubber, SBR), polyester elastomers (Thermoplastic polyester elastomer, TPEE) or polyamide-based elastomers (Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomer, TPA/TPE-A), etc. .

For example, the shock-absorbing material 110 can also be a polymer foam, such as: polyurethane foam (PU foam), polystyrene foam (polystyrene, PS foam) or polyolefin foam (polyolefin foam) ), ethylene-vinylacetate (EVA foam), polyvinyl chloride foam (PVC foam), etc. A large number of two-phase elastic interface spaces and air gaps formed by the pores can hinder the transmission of external vibrations (such as: sound waves, shock waves, impacts, etc.) sound and/or heat energy (for example, be absorbed or not spread out regularly). In this way, the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 can also have more excellent sound insulation and heat insulation effects under the premise of shock absorption.

In some embodiments, the weight percentage of the shock-absorbing material 110 is 5% to 75%. For example, the weight percentage of the shock-absorbing material 110 may be 5%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 45%, 55%, 65%, 75%, or any range of the above-mentioned values. Wherein, the operator can adjust the weight percentage of the shock-absorbing material 110 according to the requirements of the floor. For example, when the floor needs a higher shock absorption effect, the operator can add more shock absorbing material 110 . Alternatively, when the floor slab requires higher support, the operator can increase the proportion of the cement mortar 111 .

In some embodiments, the density of the shock-absorbing material 110 ranges from 20 to 1200 kg/m ³ . For example, the density of the shock-absorbing material 110 can be 20 kg/m ³ , 50 kg/m ³ , 100 kg/m ³ , 200 kg/m ³ , 300 kg/m ³ , 400 kg/m ³ , 500 kg/m 3 m ³ , 600 kg/m ³ , 700 kg/m ³ , 800 kg/m ³ , 900 kg/m ³ , 1000 kg/m ³ , 1100 kg/m ³ , 1200 kg/m ³ , or any of the above values scope.

In some embodiments, the shock-absorbing material 110 includes a plurality of particles, and the plurality of particles are non-spherical irregular irregular shapes and foam density (pore size). For example, the plurality of particles may be in the shape of cones (eg, triangular pyramids, quadrangular pyramids), irregular blocks (eg, polyhedrons), or shapes similar to wave breaking blocks. With complex and irregular shapes, the particles can better inter-lock with the cement mortar 111 . In addition, the irregular shape and foam holes also help to improve the noise reduction effect. In some embodiments, the plurality of particles may also have different sizes, shapes, or surface roughness, etc., so as to further enhance the noise reduction effect. For example, some of the plurality of particles may be in the shape of plates or flakes, and another part of the plurality of particles may be in the shape of granules or lumps.

In some embodiments, the plurality of particles have a density ranging from 20 to 1200 kg/m ³ , and different particles may have different densities. For example, the plurality of particles includes a first particle, a second particle and a third particle. Wherein, the density of the first particle may be 200 kg/m ³ , the density of the second particle may be 400 kg/m ³ , and the density of the third particle may be 1200 kg/m ³ . By having different densities, different particles can produce different shock-absorbing effects, thereby damping vibrations more effectively. It is worth mentioning that the above description is only an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of a floor structure according to another embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals denote the same components in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 . The description of the same elements can refer to the above, and will not be repeated here. As shown, in some embodiments, the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 includes a plurality of polymer shock-absorbing sublayers, and the weight percentages of the shock-absorbing materials 110 in the plurality of polymer shock-absorbing sublayers are different from each other. For example, the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 includes a first polymer shock-absorbing sublayer 11a, a second polymer shock-absorbing sublayer 11b, and a third polymer shock-absorbing sublayer 11c stacked in sequence, and the first polymer shock-absorbing sublayer 11a The third polymer shock-absorbing sub-layer 11 c is closest to the concrete layer 10 and farthest away from the concrete layer 10 . Wherein, the weight percent of the shock-absorbing material 110 in the first polymer shock-absorbing sublayer 11a is 15%, the weight percent of the shock-absorbing material 110 in the second polymer shock-absorbing sublayer 11b is 35%, and the third polymer shock-absorbing sublayer The weight percentage of the shock-absorbing material 110 in 11c is 55%. By arranging the third polymer shock-absorbing sub-layer 11c containing the most shock-absorbing materials 110 at a position far away from the concrete layer 10 (that is, the position closest to the resident), it can effectively absorb the shock generated by the resident's stepping in the first place. Vibration (or, sound made by the occupant). Further, by arranging the first polymer shock-absorbing sub-layer 11a containing the least shock-absorbing material 110 at a position close to the concrete layer 10 (that is, the position closest to the floor), the second tallest layer above can be effectively supported. The molecular shock-absorbing sublayer 11b and the third polymer shock-absorbing sublayer 11c. It should be noted that the above description is only an example, and the present application is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the plurality of polymer shock-absorbing sub-layers may be two layers, four layers, or more than four layers. In some embodiments, the weight percentage of the shock-absorbing material 110 between the various layers may not gradually increase or decrease gradually, but be arranged in a high-low cross manner. For example: four polymer shock-absorbing sublayers with weight percentages of 35%, 55%, 35% and 55% are stacked in sequence.

In some embodiments, the decorative layer 12 may comprise tiles, quartz tiles, slate or wood floors, or any combination thereof. The decorative layer 12 can be made of different materials according to the application. For example, in some embodiments, the decorative layer 12 may include quartz bricks to provide a hard and wear-resistant effect. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the decorative layer 12 may comprise wood flooring for comfort and aesthetics. Alternatively, the decorative layer 12 can also be a composite material, such as: Stone Plastic Composite. Furthermore, the stone-plastic floor can include an anti-UV layer, a wear-resistant layer, a vinyl coating, a core layer and a backing layer stacked in sequence, so as to have good waterproof, stability, wood-like appearance and mute effect. It is worth mentioning that the present application is not limited to the materials mentioned above, and any material of the decoration layer 12 recognized by those skilled in the art can be used in the present application.

In some embodiments, the floor structure 1 may further include a board layer 13 disposed between the polymer shock-absorbing layer 11 and the decoration layer 12 . The board layer 13 may include cement fiber board, fireproof board, calcium silicate board, gypsum board, compact bottom board, wood core board, artificial plywood, stand-up board or plastic composite material, or any combination thereof. The sheet material layer 13 may be a single-layer structure, and any of the above-mentioned sheet materials may be selected according to actual usage conditions. Alternatively, the board layer 13 may also be a multi-layer structure, and achieve multi-functional purposes by stacking various functional layers in sequence. For example, the board layer 13 may include a fireproof board and a calcium silicate board. Wherein, the fireproof board may be composed of fireproof materials containing halogen or flame-resistant materials. Alternatively, the fireproof board can also use phosphorus, antimony, aluminum-magnesium or their oxides, or hydroxides to replace halogen elements, so as to comply with environmental regulations while being flame-resistant. Calcium silicate board is a lightweight board made of quartz powder, diatomaceous earth, cement, lime, pulp, glass fiber and other materials after pulping, molding, aging, surface treatment (matting) and other procedures. It has excellent Moisture-proof, sound-proof, moth-proof and high durability. That is, by combining different types of materials, the fireproof board can have the advantages of the above materials at the same time.

In some embodiments, the floor structure 1 may further include an adhesive layer 14 , and the adhesive layer 14 is disposed between the board layer 13 and the decoration layer 12 and is used for joining the board layer 13 and the decoration layer 12 . Subsequent layer 14 may be a single layer or a multilayer film. For example, if the coefficient of thermal expansion of the plate layer 13 and the decorative layer 12 differ greatly, the adhesive layer 14 may include the first adhesive layer 14 and the second adhesive layer 14, and the first adhesive layer 14 and the second adhesive layer 14 Each may have a different coefficient of thermal expansion. More specifically, the board layer 13 is first followed by the first adhesive layer 14 with a similar thermal expansion coefficient, and the decorative layer 12 is followed by the second adhesive layer 14 with a similar thermal expansion coefficient, and finally the first adhesive layer 14 and the second adhesive layer 14 follow each other. By arranging multi-layer films with different coefficients of thermal expansion, the connection between the board layer 13 and the decoration layer 12 can be made more stable. However, the above-mentioned 2 layers are just an example, and the present application is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the bonding layer 14 may be a multilayer film with more than 2 layers, for example, the bonding layer 14 may be a multilayer film with 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers or more than 5 layers. In addition, the above-mentioned coefficient of thermal expansion is only an example, and the present application is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the adhesive layer 14 may also include a plurality of film layers with different surface tensions, materials or physical properties, so as to match different board layers 13 and decoration layers 12 .

In some embodiments, the material of the bonding layer 14 may comprise a resin. That is, the adhesive layer 14 may be an adhesive composed of a resin material. For example, the resin adhesive may include phenolics, urea/formaldehyde resin, melamine/formaldehyde resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, polyacrylic resin (eg, Poly (methyl methacrylate) copolymer), polyurethane (PU), epoxy resin (Epoxy resin), polysiloxane resin (Polysiloxanes), or any combination thereof. However, the above-mentioned types of adhesives are merely examples, and the present application is not limited thereto. Any material known to those skilled in the art can be used in this application. For example, super glue (including cyanoacrylate and neoprene) commonly used in the market can be used for the adhesive layer 14 of the present application. Alternatively, in some specific cases, photocurable resins (UV-curable resins, including polyurethane or epoxy resins) can also be used for the adhesive layer 14 of the present application.

To sum up, in the floor structure of the present application, the shock-absorbing material is directly mixed into the cement mortar to form a polymer shock-absorbing layer with high support and excellent shock-absorbing effect. Compared with the prior art, the floor structure of the present application is simple in structure, can greatly reduce the construction cost, and can be effectively applied in various buildings.

However, the above-mentioned ones are only the embodiments of this application, and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of this application. For example, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the shape, structure, characteristics and spirit described in the patent scope of this application, All should be included in the patent application scope of this application.

1: Floor structure 10: Concrete layer 11: Polymer shock-absorbing layer 11a: The first polymer shock-absorbing sublayer 11b: The second polymer shock-absorbing sublayer 11c: The third polymer shock-absorbing sublayer 110: Shock-absorbing material 111: cement mortar 12: Decorative layer 13: Plate layer 14: Next layer

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the floor structure of an embodiment of the present application; And Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a floor structure according to another embodiment of the present application.

1: Floor structure

10: Concrete layer

11: Polymer shock-absorbing layer

110: Shock-absorbing material

111: cement mortar

12: Decorative layer

Claims (9)

A floor structure comprising: a concrete layer; a polymer shock-absorbing layer arranged on the concrete layer, the polymer shock-absorbing layer is formed by drying a mixture, the mixture includes cement, sand and a shock-absorbing material, and the shock-absorbing material The density is between 20 and 1200kg/m ³ , wherein the shock-absorbing material includes a plurality of particles, and the plurality of particles are non-spherical shaped; and a decoration layer is arranged on the polymer shock-absorbing layer. The floor structure according to claim 1, wherein the shock-absorbing material comprises plastic, rubber, fiber, or any combination thereof. The floor structure according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of the shock-absorbing material is 5% to 75%. The floor structure according to claim 1, wherein the polymer shock-absorbing layer comprises a plurality of polymer shock-absorbing sub-layers, and the weight percentages of the shock-absorbing materials in the plurality of polymer shock-absorbing sub-layers are different from each other. The floor structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixture further comprises a surfactant. The floor structure according to claim 5, wherein the surfactant contains sulfonic acid groups or acrylic acid groups. The floor structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concrete layer contains the shock-absorbing material. The floor structure according to claim 1, wherein the decorative layer comprises tiles, quartz tiles, slate or wooden floors, or any combination thereof. The floor structure as described in claim 8, further comprising a plate layer, the plate layer is arranged between the decorative layer and the polymer shock-absorbing layer, and the plate layer includes cement fiber board, fireproof board, calcium silicate board, gypsum board , dense bottom board, wood core board, artificial plywood, stand-up board or plastic composite material, or any combination thereof.

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