TWI779618B - Battery module for extending service life - Google Patents

Abstract

A battery module for extending service life includes a first battery cell, a second battery cell, a third battery cell, a fourth battery cell, a switch circuit, and a detection and control circuit. The first battery cell provides a first potential. The second battery cell provides a second potential. The third battery cell provides a third potential. The switch circuit can use or bypass any one or more of the first battery cell, the second battery cell, the third battery cell, and the fourth battery cell according to a control signal. The detection and control circuit can detect the first potential, the second potential, and the third potential, so as to generate the control signal.

Description

Extended service life battery module

The invention relates to a battery module, in particular to a battery module which can prolong the service life.

Laptops or tablet computers usually require battery components. However, after a long period of use, the battery may expand without warning and cause damage to the computer device. In view of this, it is necessary to propose a new solution to overcome the difficulties faced by the previous technology.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention proposes a battery module with extended service life, comprising: a first battery core providing a first voltage; a second battery core providing a second voltage; a third battery core , providing a third voltage; a fourth battery cell; a switching circuit to use or bypass (Bypass) the first battery cell, the second battery cell, the third battery cell, and the first battery cell according to a control signal Any one or a plurality of the four battery cells; and a detection and control circuit, which detects the first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage, and generates the control signal accordingly.

In some embodiments, the detection and control circuit performs a selection procedure by analyzing the first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage to select the first battery cell and the second battery cell , and one of the third battery cells is used as a target battery cell.

In some embodiments, after the selection procedure is executed, the detection and control circuit executes a switching procedure and controls the switching circuit to use the fourth battery cell and bypass the target battery cell.

In some embodiments, the selecting process includes calculating an average voltage of one of the first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage, and wherein the selecting process further includes calculating a voltage between the first voltage and the average voltage A first absolute difference, a second absolute difference between the second voltage and the average voltage, and a third absolute difference between the third voltage and the average voltage.

In some embodiments, the selection process further includes finding the largest of the first absolute difference, the second absolute difference, and the third absolute difference, and selecting the target battery corresponding to the largest core.

In some embodiments, the switching circuit includes: a first switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the first switch is coupled to a first node, and the The second end of the first switch is coupled to a second node; and a second switch has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the second switch is coupled to to a supply node, and the second end of the second switch is coupled to the second node; wherein the positive pole of the first battery cell is coupled to the supply node, and the negative pole of the first battery cell is coupled to the first node.

In some embodiments, the switching circuit further includes: a third switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the third switch is coupled to a third node, and The second end of the third switch is coupled to a fourth node; and a fourth switch has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the fourth switch is coupled connected to the second node, and the second terminal of the fourth switch is coupled to the fourth node; wherein the positive pole of the second battery cell is coupled to the second node, and the second battery cell The negative pole of is coupled to the third node.

In some embodiments, the switching circuit further includes: a fifth switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the fifth switch is coupled to a fifth node, and The second end of the fifth switch is coupled to a sixth node; and a sixth switch has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the sixth switch is coupled connected to the fourth node, and the second end of the sixth switch is coupled to the sixth node; wherein the positive electrode of the third battery cell is coupled to the fourth node, and the third battery cell The negative electrode of is coupled to the fifth node.

In some embodiments, the switching circuit further includes: a seventh switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the seventh switch is coupled to a seventh node, and The second end of the seventh switch is coupled to an eighth node; and an eighth switch has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the eighth switch is coupled connected to the sixth node, and the second end of the eighth switch is coupled to the eighth node; wherein the positive pole of the fourth battery cell is coupled to the sixth node, and the fourth battery cell The negative pole of is coupled to the seventh node.

In some embodiments, the switching circuit further includes: a sensing resistor having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the sensing resistor is coupled to the eighth node, and The second end of the sense resistor is coupled to a ground potential.

In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific embodiments of the present invention are listed below, together with the accompanying drawings, for detailed description as follows.

Certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to particular elements. Those skilled in the art should understand that hardware manufacturers may use different terms to refer to the same component. This description and the scope of the patent application do not use the difference in name as a way to distinguish components, but use the difference in function of components as a criterion for distinguishing. The words "comprising" and "comprising" mentioned throughout the specification and scope of patent application are open-ended terms, so they should be interpreted as "including but not limited to". The term "approximately" means that within an acceptable error range, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range and achieve the basic technical effect. In addition, the term "coupled" in this specification includes any direct and indirect electrical connection means. Therefore, if it is described that a first device is coupled to a second device, it means that the first device can be directly electrically connected to the second device, or indirectly electrically connected to the second device through other devices or connection means. Two devices.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the present invention. The following disclosure describes specific examples of components and their arrangements for simplicity of illustration. Of course, these specific examples are not intended to be limiting. For example, if the disclosure describes that a first feature is formed on or over a second feature, it means that it may include embodiments in which the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, and may also include additional features. Embodiments in which a feature is formed between the first feature and the second feature such that the first feature and the second feature may not be in direct contact. In addition, the same reference symbols and/or symbols may be reused in different examples in the following disclosure. These repetitions are for simplicity and clarity and are not intended to limit a particular relationship between the different embodiments and/or structures discussed.

Also, its terminology related to space. Words such as "below", "beneath", "lower", "above", "higher" and similar terms are used for convenience in describing the difference between one element or feature and another element(s) in the drawings. or the relationship between features. These spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. The device may be turned in different orientations (rotated 90 degrees or otherwise), and spatially relative terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery module (Battery Module) 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery module 100 can be applied in a mobile device (Mobile Device), such as a notebook computer (Notebook Computer). As shown in Figure 1, the battery module 100 includes: a first battery cell (Battery Cell) 110, a second battery cell 120, a third battery cell 130, a fourth battery cell 140, a switching circuit (Switch Circuit) 150, and a detection and control circuit (Detection and Control Circuit) 160. It must be understood that although not shown in FIG. 1 , the battery module 100 may further include other components, such as a housing.

The first battery cell 110 can provide a first voltage V1, which can be defined as a first potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first battery cell 110 . The second battery cell 120 can provide a second voltage V2, which can be defined as a second potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second battery cell 120 . The third battery cell 130 can provide a third voltage V3, which can be defined as a third potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the third battery cell 130 .

The switching circuit 150 can use (Use) or bypass (Bypass) any one or more of the first battery cell 110 , the second battery cell 120 , the third battery cell 130 , and the fourth battery cell 140 according to a control signal SC. By. For example, initially, the first battery cell 110, the second battery cell 120, and the third battery cell 130 can all be used, which can be regarded as the main battery cell of the battery module 100; in addition, the fourth battery cell 140 can be used Bypassed and not used, it can be regarded as a backup battery cell of the battery module 100 . The main battery cells in use can be coupled in series with each other (Coupled in Series), but the unused spare battery cells are not involved. It must be understood that the settings of the above main battery cells and backup battery cells can still be adjusted according to different situations.

The detection and control circuit 160 can detect the first voltage V1, the second voltage V2, and the third voltage V3, and generate the aforementioned control signal SC accordingly. With an appropriate negative feedback mechanism (Negative Feedback Mechanism), the detection and control circuit 160 and the switching circuit 150 can suppress the above-mentioned non-ideal expansion of the battery core, and at the same time maximize the service life of the battery module 100 . In some embodiments, the detection and control circuit 160 can be implemented by a gauge IC (Gauge IC) or an embedded controller (Embedded Controller, EC), but it is not limited thereto.

The following embodiments will introduce the operating principle and circuit structure of the battery module 100 . It must be understood that these drawings and descriptions are for example and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a battery module 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is similar to Figure 1. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a switching circuit 250 of the battery module 200 includes: a first switcher (Switch Element) 251, a second switcher 252, a third switcher 253, and a fourth switcher 254 , a fifth switch 255 , a sixth switch 256 , a seventh switch 257 , and an eighth switch 258 . Each of the above switches can be selectively turned on or off according to the control signal SC from the detection and control circuit 160 (not shown in FIG. 2 for simplicity).

The first switch 251 has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the first switch 251 is coupled to a first node N1, and the second end of the first switch 251 is coupled to A second node N2. The second switch 252 has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the second switch 252 is coupled to a supply node NS, and the second end of the second switch 252 is coupled to the second Two nodes N2. The supply node NS can be further coupled to an AC power source (not shown in FIG. 2 ). The positive pole of the first battery cell 110 is coupled to the supply node NS, and the negative pole of the first battery cell 110 is coupled to the first node N1. For example, if the first battery cell 110 is used, the first switch 251 will be turned on and the second switch 252 will be turned off; otherwise, if the first battery cell 110 is bypassed, the first switch 251 will be turned off And the second switch 252 is turned on.

The third switch 253 has a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the third switch 253 is coupled to a third node N3, and the second terminal of the third switch 253 is coupled to - A fourth node N4. The fourth switch 254 has a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the fourth switch 254 is coupled to the second node N2, and the second terminal of the fourth switch 254 is coupled to the second node N2. Four nodes N4. The positive pole of the second battery cell 120 is coupled to the second node N2, and the negative pole of the second battery cell is coupled to the third node N3. For example, if the second battery cell 120 is used, the third switch 253 will be turned on and the fourth switch 254 will be turned off; otherwise, if the second battery cell 120 is bypassed, the third switch 253 will be turned off And the fourth switch 254 is turned on.

The fifth switch 255 has a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the fifth switch 255 is coupled to a fifth node N5, and the second terminal of the fifth switch 255 is coupled to - a sixth node N6. The sixth switch 256 has a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the sixth switch 256 is coupled to the fourth node N4, and the second terminal of the sixth switch 256 is coupled to the first node N4. Six nodes N6. The positive pole of the third battery cell 130 is coupled to the fourth node N4, and the negative pole of the third battery cell 130 is coupled to the fifth node N5. For example, if the third battery cell 130 is used, the fifth switch 255 will be turned on and the sixth switch 256 will be turned off; otherwise, if the third battery cell 130 is bypassed, the fifth switch 255 will be turned off And the sixth switch 256 is turned on.

The seventh switch 257 has a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the seventh switch 257 is coupled to a seventh node N7, and the second terminal of the seventh switch 257 is coupled to - An eighth node N8. The eighth switch 258 has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the eighth switch 258 is coupled to the sixth node N6, and the second end of the eighth switch 258 is coupled to the second node N6. Eight nodes N8. The positive pole of the fourth battery cell 140 is coupled to the sixth node N6, and the negative pole of the fourth battery cell 140 is coupled to the seventh node N7. For example, if the fourth battery cell 140 is used, the seventh switch 257 will be turned on and the eighth switch 258 will be turned off; otherwise, if the fourth battery cell 140 is bypassed, the seventh switch 257 will be turned off And the eighth switch 258 is turned on.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a battery module 200 in an initial state according to an embodiment of the present invention (where "I1" represents a possible current path). Initially, the first battery cell 110 , the second battery cell 120 , and the third battery cell 130 are all used, while the fourth battery cell 140 is bypassed and not used. That is, the first switcher 251, the third switcher 253, the fifth switcher 255, and the eighth switcher 258 may be initially in a conduction state, while the second switcher 252, the fourth switcher 254, and the sixth switcher 256, and the seventh switch 257 may be initially in an off state. Therefore, the first battery cell 110 , the second battery cell 120 , and the third battery cell 130 are coupled in series to each other, but not to the fourth battery cell 140 .

In some embodiments, the switching circuit 250 further includes a sensing resistor (Sensing Resistor) RS. The sensing resistor RS has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the sensing resistor RS is coupled to the eighth node N8, and the second end of the sensing resistor RS is coupled to a Ground Voltage (Ground Voltage) VSS. When the detection and control circuit 160 detects any current passing through the sensing resistor RS, it means that the battery module 200 may be being charged (Charged) or discharged (Discharged). In response to the current of the sensing resistor RS, the detection and control circuit 160 can leave the initial state and execute a selection process.

Generally speaking, the detection and control circuit 160 can perform the selection process by analyzing the first voltage V1, the second voltage V2, and the third voltage V3 and select the first battery cell 110, the second battery cell 120, and the second battery cell 110. One of the three battery cells 130 serves as a target battery cell (Target Battery Cell). For example, the target battery cell may be the oldest one among the first battery cell 110, the second battery cell 120, and the third battery cell 130, or the one with the worst State of Health (SOH), but it is not limited to this.

In some embodiments, the selection process performed by the detection and control circuit 160 includes calculating an average voltage VA of the first voltage V1, the second voltage V2, and the third voltage V3, which can be described in the following equation (1) :

……………………………………(1) 其中「VA」代表平均電壓VA，「V1」代表第一電壓V1，「V2」代表第二電壓V2，而「V3」代表第三電壓V3。

……………………………(1) “VA” stands for the average voltage VA, “V1” stands for the first voltage V1, “V2” stands for the second voltage V2, and “V3” stands for the second voltage Three voltage V3.

In some embodiments, the selection procedure performed by the detection and control circuit 160 further includes calculating a first absolute difference ΔV1 between the first voltage V1 and the average voltage VA, a difference between the second voltage V2 and the average voltage VA A second absolute difference ΔV2, and a third absolute difference ΔV3 between the third voltage V3 and the average voltage VA, which can be described in the following equations (2), (3), (4):

……………………………………(2)

……………………………………(2)

……………………………………(3)

………………………………(3)

……………………………………(4) 其中「ΔV1」代表第一絕對差值ΔV1，「ΔV2」代表第二絕對差值ΔV2，而「ΔV3」代表第三絕對差值ΔV3。

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ΔV3.

In some embodiments, the selection process performed by the detection and control circuit 160 further includes comparing the first absolute difference ΔV1 , the second absolute difference ΔV2 , and the third absolute difference ΔV3 and finding the largest one. For example, the aforementioned target battery cell may correspond to the largest of the first absolute difference ΔV1 , the second absolute difference ΔV2 , and the third absolute difference ΔV3 .

It must be understood that when any battery cell is severely aged, its internal resistance will increase significantly, and its voltage will deviate from the average voltage of all battery cells. Therefore, by comparing the first absolute difference ΔV1, the second absolute difference ΔV2, and the third absolute difference ΔV3, the detection and control circuit 160 can find out the first battery cell 110, the second battery cell 120, and The oldest one in the third battery cell 130 (as the target battery cell to be replaced) can refer to the following example.

When the battery module 200 is being charged, it is assumed that the first voltage V1 of the first battery cell 110 is 4.15V, the second voltage V2 of the second battery cell 120 is 4.1V, and the third voltage V3 of the third battery cell 130 is 4.09V. At this time, the average voltage VA of the first voltage V1, the second voltage V2, and the third voltage V3 may be 4.113V. Since the first absolute difference ΔV1 between the first voltage V1 and the average voltage VA is 0.037V, which is the largest among all absolute differences, the detection and control circuit 160 selects the first battery cell 110 as the target battery cell.

When the battery module 200 is discharging, it is assumed that the first voltage V1 of the first battery cell 110 is 3.58V, the second voltage V2 of the second battery cell 120 is 3.63V, and the third voltage V3 of the third battery cell 130 is 3.65V. At this time, the average voltage VA of the first voltage V1, the second voltage V2, and the third voltage V3 may be 3.62V. Since the first absolute difference ΔV1 between the first voltage V1 and the average voltage VA is 0.04V and is the largest among all the absolute differences, the detection and control circuit 160 selects the first battery cell 110 as the target battery cell.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the battery module 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention after the selection procedure and the switching procedure have been executed (where "I2" represents a possible current path). After the selection procedure has been executed and the target battery core has been determined, the detection and control circuit 160 can execute a switching process (Switch Process) and control the switching circuit 250 to use the fourth battery core 140 and bypass the aforementioned target battery core. Following the previous example, the oldest battery cell 110 will be replaced by the fourth battery cell 140 . At this time, the second switcher 252, the third switcher 253, the fifth switcher 255, and the seventh switcher 257 can be in the conduction state, while the first switcher 251, the fourth switcher 254, and the sixth switcher 256 , and the eighth switch 258 can be in an off state. Therefore, the second battery cell 120 , the third battery cell 130 , and the fourth battery cell 140 are coupled in series to each other, but not to the first battery cell 110 . Since the oldest first battery cell 110 is no longer used and will not expand further, the overall service life of the battery module 200 can be greatly extended. It must be understood that if the oldest battery cell is the second battery cell 120 or the third battery cell 130 , it can also be replaced by the fourth battery cell 140 based on a similar operating principle. In some other embodiments, the detection and control circuit 160 executes the aforementioned switching procedure only when an AC power source (not shown) has been coupled to the supply node NS of the battery module 200, so as to avoid sudden power supply interruption Accident.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a battery module 500 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is similar to Figure 2. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 , the battery module 500 may include more main battery cells, more backup battery cells, and correspondingly more switches. The quantity of the above components is not particularly limited, and it can also be adjusted according to different requirements.

The present invention proposes a novel battery module. Compared with the traditional technology, the present invention at least has the advantages of suppressing expansion, reducing manufacturing cost, and prolonging service life, so it is very suitable for application in various mobile communication devices.

It should be noted that none of the device parameters mentioned above are limiting conditions of the present invention. Designers can adjust these settings according to different needs. The battery module of the present invention is not limited to the states shown in FIGS. 1-5. The present invention may only include any one or multiple features of any one or multiple embodiments of Figures 1-5. In other words, not all the illustrated features must be implemented in the battery module of the present invention at the same time.

The ordinal numbers in this specification and the scope of the patent application, such as "first", "second", "third", etc., have no sequential relationship with each other, and are only used to mark and distinguish between two The different elements of the name.

Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Anyone skilled in this art can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore The scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the scope of the appended patent application.

100,200,500: battery module 110: the first battery cell 120: the second battery cell 130: the third battery cell 140: The fourth battery cell 150,250: switching circuit 160: Detection and control circuit 251: The first switcher 252: second switcher 253: The third switcher 254: The fourth switcher 255: fifth switcher 256: Sixth Switcher 257: seventh switcher 258: Eighth Switcher I1, I2: current path N1: the first node N2: second node N3: the third node N4: the fourth node N5: fifth node N6: sixth node N7: seventh node N8: Eighth node NS: supply node RS: sense resistor SC: control signal V1: first voltage V2: second voltage V3: the third voltage VSS: ground potential

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the initial state of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention after the selection procedure and the switching procedure have been executed FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

100: battery module

110: the first battery cell

120: the second battery cell

130: the third battery cell

140: The fourth battery cell

150: switching circuit

160: Detection and control circuit

SC: control signal

V1: first voltage

V2: second voltage

V3: the third voltage

Claims (9)

A battery module for extending service life, comprising: a first battery core providing a first voltage; a second battery core providing a second voltage; a third battery core providing a third voltage; a fourth A battery cell; a switching circuit for using or bypassing (Bypass) any one or a plurality of the first battery cell, the second battery cell, the third battery cell, and the fourth battery cell according to a control signal ; and a detection and control circuit, which detects the first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage, and generates the control signal accordingly; wherein the detection and control circuit is by analyzing the first voltage , the second voltage, and the third voltage to perform a selection process and select one of the first battery cell, the second battery cell, and the third battery cell as a target battery cell; wherein the selection program includes calculating an average voltage of the first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage, wherein the selection process further includes calculating a first absolute difference between the first voltage and the average voltage, the second A second absolute difference between the two voltages and the average voltage, and a third absolute difference between the third voltage and the average voltage. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein after the selection procedure is executed, the detection and control circuit executes a switching procedure and controls the switching circuit to use the fourth battery cell and bypass the target battery cell. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the selection procedure further includes finding the largest of the first absolute difference, the second absolute difference, and the third absolute difference, and selecting the one corresponding to the largest the target battery cell. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the switching circuit includes: a first switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the first switch is coupled to a first node, and the second end of the first switch is coupled to a second node; and a second switch has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the second switch end is coupled to a supply node, and the second end of the second switch is coupled to the second node; wherein the positive pole of the first battery cell is coupled to the supply node, and the first battery The negative pole of the core is coupled to the first node. The battery module according to claim 4, wherein the switching circuit further includes: a third switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the third switch is coupled to a first terminal Three nodes, and the second terminal of the third switch is coupled to a fourth node; and a fourth switch, with a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the fourth switch One end is coupled to the second node, and the second end of the fourth switch is coupled to the fourth node; wherein the positive electrode of the second battery cell is coupled to the second node, and the The negative pole of the second battery cell is coupled to the third node. Such as the battery module of claim 5, wherein the switching circuit further includes: A fifth switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the fifth switch is coupled to a fifth node, and the second terminal of the fifth switch is coupled to connected to a sixth node; and a sixth switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the sixth switch is coupled to the fourth node, and the sixth switch The second end of the device is coupled to the sixth node; wherein the positive pole of the third battery cell is coupled to the fourth node, and the negative pole of the third battery cell is coupled to the fifth node. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the switching circuit further includes: a seventh switch having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the seventh switch is coupled to a first terminal seven nodes, and the second end of the seventh switch is coupled to an eighth node; and an eighth switch has a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the eighth switch One end is coupled to the sixth node, and the second end of the eighth switch is coupled to the eighth node; wherein the positive pole of the fourth battery cell is coupled to the sixth node, and the The negative pole of the fourth battery cell is coupled to the seventh node. The battery module according to claim 7, wherein the switching circuit further includes: a sensing resistor having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the sensing resistor is coupled to the first end eight nodes, and the second end of the sense resistor is coupled to a ground potential. A battery module with extended service life, comprising: A first battery core, providing a first voltage; a second battery core, providing a second voltage; a third battery core, providing a third voltage; a fourth battery core; a switching circuit, according to a control signal to use or bypass (Bypass) the first battery cell, the second battery cell, the third battery cell, and any one or more of the fourth battery cell; and a detection and control circuit to detect The first voltage, the second voltage, and the third voltage are used to generate the control signal; wherein the switching circuit includes: a first switch having a first end and a second end, wherein the first the first end of a switch is coupled to a first node, and the second end of the first switch is coupled to a second node; and a second switch has a first end and A second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the second switch is coupled to a supply node, and the second terminal of the second switch is coupled to the second node; wherein the first battery cell The positive electrode of the first battery cell is coupled to the supply node, and the negative electrode of the first battery cell is coupled to the first node.

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