TWI768797B - Spindle structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a main shaft structure, which comprises: a system is pivoted with a rotating shaft, the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft is partially in the shape of an external thread; a floating seat is fixedly assembled on the main body, and the floating The seat is provided with a first pivot part and a first fitting part; a precision nut is provided with a first screwing part and a second fitting part; a knife blowing ring is provided with a first air passage; a cushion The ring system is provided with a second pivot portion and a second air passage; an oil cylinder seat is provided with a third pivot portion; a knife piston is provided with a fourth pivot portion and at least a third air passage; an oil cylinder seat cover is provided with a The fifth pivot and a fourth airway.

Description

Spindle structure

The present invention relates to a main shaft structure, especially in a main shaft structure, the backing ring is provided with at least one second air passage, and the excess air system entering the third air passage can be discharged out of the main shaft structure through the second air passage , the probability of the gas entering into the main shaft structure and causing damage is low.

According to our previous knowledge, the conventional spindle structure, such as Taiwan Patent Application No.: 090220570, Certificate No.: 216558, Patent Name: Tool Release Mechanism Applied to Direct Spindle of Machine Tool, the patent case structure is: a spindle 1. The inner hole wall above the main shaft 1 is indirectly connected with the coupling 11, and is erected on the outer ring of the rotating shaft of the motor 12; a tool release oil cylinder module is sleeved on the outer ring of the main shaft 1, The module includes: a knife loosening oil cylinder 2; a main shaft sleeve 21; The knife-clamping air pressure connector 221 and the knife-releasing hydraulic connector 222 are connected to the knife-releasing oil pressure channel 224 and the knife-clamping air pressure channel 225 set in the cylinder head 22 ; a knife-releasing cylinder piston 23 is sleeved in the cylinder head 22 , and the piston 23 of the unclamping oil cylinder is additionally provided with a blowing channel 231, which is connected with the blowing joint 223; The seat body is provided with several braking sections 241, the seat body is locked to the main shaft sleeve 21 by the guide bolt 242 and the nut 243, and a compression spring 245 is sleeved in the guide bolt 242; The snap nut 25 is screwed to the main shaft 1 and is engaged with the floating knife release anti-buckle seat 24; a knife amount adjustment Gasket 26, the tie pad is placed between the floating knife-releasing anti-buckle seat 24 and the knife-releasing oil cylinder 2; a tie rod 3, which is placed in the main shaft 1, continues the establishment and transmission of the conical pressure-bearing ring block 41 and the blowing channel 42 The force of loosening the knife, the lower end of the tie rod 3 can lock a knife 5; a pressure-bearing element mechanism 4 includes: two conical pressure-bearing ring blocks 41, which are additionally arranged in the two conical pressure-bearing ring blocks 41 There is a blowing channel 42 that can communicate with each conical pressure-bearing ring block 41; a fixing screw 45 is used to lock the lower pressure ring 46, and at the same time, the two conical pressure-bearing ring blocks 41 can be locked on the pull rod 3; The upper pressure ring 44 is matched with the conical guide portion 43 on the upper part of the conical pressure bearing ring block 41; the lower pressure ring 46 is locked on the lower part of the two conical pressure bearing ring blocks 41 by fixing screws 45; The nut 47 provides the locking nut 47 to be screwed on the tie rod 3, and lock the upper pressure ring 44, the two conical pressure bearing ring blocks 41 and the lower pressure ring 46; the loosening oil cylinder module is sleeved on the The outer ring of the main shaft 1 is provided with a blowing channel 231. The piston 23 of the loosening oil cylinder connects to the conical pressure-bearing ring block 41 when the tool is loosened to establish a blowing channel 42 and transmit the force of loosening the tool; two of the pressure-bearing element mechanism 4 The conical pressure-bearing ring block 41 is tightly combined with the outer ring of the tie rod 3 by means of a circular male and female taper, and is exposed on the outer ring of the main shaft 1. When the tool is loosened, the tie rod 3 and the loosening oil cylinder piston 23 establish a blowing channel 231 and transmit it. The interface of tool loosening force can quickly provide the tool loosening force required by the direct-connected spindle 1 and the air for cleaning the tool handle and the spindle 1 through the above combination, and shorten the length of the spindle 1 due to the setting of the tool loosening air passage 231. , in order to reduce the vibration caused by the spindle 1 at high speed and increase the speed of the spindle 1.

However, the lack of this conventional tool release mechanism applied to the direct-connected spindle of the machine tool is:

Please supplement as shown in Figure 1. The tool release mechanism of the direct-connected spindle of the machine tool does not have a channel for discharging the excess air in the air blowing channel 231. Usually, the air system contains moisture, especially the air humidity in Taiwan. is quite high, and the probability of the gas remaining in the main shaft structure and causing damage is greatly increased.

In view of the above-mentioned deficiency of the conventional structure, the inventor of the present invention has finally developed a product with a main shaft structure that can solve the drawbacks of the conventional structure with years of experience in manufacturing, production and design in related industries.

The problem to be solved by the invention: the tool release mechanism of the main shaft does not have a hole for discharging the excess gas in the air blowing channel, and the probability of the gas remaining in the main shaft structure and causing damage is greatly increased. In the main shaft structure of the present invention, the excess air system entering the third air passage can be discharged out of the main shaft structure through the second air passage, and the probability of entering the main shaft structure and causing damage is low.

Technical means for solving the problem: a main shaft structure, which includes: a system is pivoted with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is partially in the shape of an external thread; a floating seat is fastened and fixed on the main body, and the floating seat It is provided with a first pivot part and a first fitting part; a precision nut has a first screwing part and a second fitting part; a knife blowing ring is provided with a first air passage; a backing ring is provided with a second pivot and a second air passage; an oil cylinder seat is provided with a third pivot; a knife piston is provided with a fourth pivot and at least a third air passage; an oil cylinder seat cover is provided with a first Five pivots and a fourth airway.

Compared with the effect of the prior art: the excess gas system entering the third air passage can be discharged out of the main shaft structure through the second air passage, and the probability of the gas in the third air passage entering the main shaft structure and causing damage is lower. . A circuitous path is formed between the first sleeve part and the second sleeve part. The cross-sectional area of the circuitous path is much smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second air passage. The second air passage is discharged, that is, the probability of the gas entering the second air passage is reduced.

In order to make the committee members and those skilled in the art fully understand the effect of the present invention, the structure and composition of the present invention are explained in the following in conjunction with the drawings and drawing numbers, but the following descriptions are only used to explain the implementation of the present invention For example, it is not intended to limit the present invention in any form, and any modification and change made under the spirit of the present invention should still belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

10: Ontology

11: Rotary shaft

20: Floating seat

21: The first pivot

22: The first set of joints

221: First end face

222: Second end face

23: screw holes

30: Precision Nut

31: The first screw part

32: The second set of joints

321: Third end face

322: Fourth end face

40: Knife blowing ring

401: First Airway

41: Fixed rod

50: Backing ring

51: Second pivot

52: Second Airway

53: The first fixed part

60: Cylinder seat

61: The third pivot

62: Second fixed part

70: Knife Piston

71: Fourth pivot

72: Third Airway

73: Fifth end face

80: Cylinder seat cover

81: Fifth pivot

82: Fourth Airway

83: The third fixed part

84: Fasteners

Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of the main shaft structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the floating seat of the main shaft structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the precision nut of the main shaft structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the cutter piston of the spindle structure of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a three-dimensional combined view of the main shaft structure of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a side view of the main shaft structure of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention at A-A of FIG. 6 .

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the position B of Fig. 7 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the position C of Fig. 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the second operating state of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the position C of Fig. 10 of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of D of Fig. 10 of the present invention.

First, please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 12 , FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the main shaft structure of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the floating seat 20 of the main shaft structure of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the precision nut 30 of the main shaft structure of the present invention, Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the main shaft structure of the present invention, a knife piston 70, Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional combined view of the main shaft structure of the present invention, Fig. 6 is a side view of the main shaft structure of the present invention, and Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the present invention at A-A of Fig. Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of position B of Fig. 7 of the present invention, Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of position C of Fig. 7 of the present invention, Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the second operating state of the present invention, and Fig. 11 is a position of C of Fig. 10 of the present invention 12 is an enlarged view of D of FIG. 10 of the present invention. The present invention relates to a main shaft structure, which includes:

A main body 10, the main body 10 is assembled on various types of machine tools or various processing machines, the main body 10 is pivotally provided with a rotating shaft 11, the rotating shaft 11 is in the shape of a round rod, and the rotating shaft 11 is in the shape of a round rod. In the shape of rapid rotation, at least one set of bearing parts is arranged between the rotating shaft 11 and the main body 10 , one end of the rotating shaft 11 is used for assembling various tools, and the other end of the rotating shaft 11 is partially outwardly facing the outer peripheral surface. threaded;

A floating seat 20, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 7, the floating seat 20 is assembled on the main body 10 in a locking manner, and a part of the floating seat 20 is spaced from the main body 10. The floating seat 20 is provided with a first pivot portion 21, the first pivot portion 21 is in the shape of a circular groove, the first pivot portion 21 is for the rotation shaft 11 to penetrate, the floating seat 20 is provided with a first fitting portion 22. The first fitting portion 22 is in the shape of a convex ring. The first fitting portion 22 is sequentially provided with a first end face 221 and a second end face 222 from the axis to the outside. The first end face 221 And the second end surface 222 is flat, the first end surface 221 and the second end surface 222 are parallel, the floating seat 20 is provided with a plurality of screw holes 23, the screw holes 23 are in the shape of internal threads, The plurality of screw holes 23 are annularly arranged at intervals with the first pivot portion 21 as the axis column;

A precision nut 30, as shown in FIG. 3, is assembled on one end of the floating seat 20, the precision nut 30 has a first screwing part 31, the first screwing part 31 It is screwed and locked on the rotating shaft 11 , the first screwing part 31 is in the shape of an internal thread, the precision nut 30 is rotated with the rotating shaft 11 , and the precision nut 30 is provided with a second fitting part 32, the second sleeve part 32 is sleeved with the first sleeve part 22 oppositely, there is a gap between the second sleeve part 32 and the first sleeve part 22, the second sleeve part 32 The gap between the coupling portion 32 and the first coupling portion 22 is a circuitous path, the second coupling portion 32 is in the shape of a ring groove, and the second coupling portion 32 is in sequence from the axis to the outside. A third end surface 321 and a fourth end surface 322 are provided. The third end surface 321 and the fourth end surface 322 are planar, the third end surface 321 and the fourth end surface 322 are parallel, and the third end surface 321 is opposite to the first end face 221, and the fourth end face 322 is opposite to the second end face 222;

A knife blowing ring 40, the knife blowing ring 40 is assembled on the rotating shaft 11, the knife blowing ring 40 rotates rapidly with the rotating shaft 11, and the knife blowing ring 40 is set There is a first airway 401;

A fixed rod 41, the fixed rod 41 is assembled with the rotating shaft 11 and the knife blowing ring 40, the fixed rod 41 rotates rapidly with the rotating shaft 11, the fixed rod 41 is vertically fixed on the On the rotating shaft 11, the knife blowing ring 40 is fixed on the rotating shaft 11. The fixing rod 41 is provided with a gas flow channel. Connected to provide blowing;

A backing ring 50, the backing ring 50 is assembled with the floating seat 20, the backing ring 50 is in the shape of a ring, the backing ring 50 is provided with a second pivot portion 51, the second pivot portion 51 is For accommodating the precision nut 30, the second pivot portion 51 is in the shape of a circular groove, and the backing ring 50 is provided with a second air passage 52, the second air passage 52 is connected with the second pivot portion 51 and the pad The outside of the ring 50 is in a communicating shape, the second air channel 52 is in the shape of a circular perforation, the axis of the second air channel 52 is perpendicular to the axis of the second pivot portion 51, and the backing ring 50 is provided with a plurality of A fixing portion 53, each first fixing portion 53 is aligned with each screw hole 23, the number of the plurality of first fixing portions 53 is matched with the number of the plurality of screw holes 23, the first fixing portion 53 is circular Perforated shape, the plurality of first fixing parts 53 are arranged in an annular space with the second pivot part 51 as the axis; an oil cylinder seat 60, the oil cylinder seat 60 is in the shape of a circle, the oil cylinder seat 60 is connected to the The backing rings 50 are arranged against each other, the oil cylinder seat 60 is provided with a third pivot portion 61, the third pivot portion 61 extends through the rotating shaft 11, the third pivot portion 61 is in the shape of a circular groove, the oil cylinder seat 60 is provided with a plurality of second fixing portions 62, each second fixing portion 62 is opposite to each first fixing portion 53, the second fixing portion 62 is in the shape of a circular hole, and the plurality of second fixing portions 62 are The third pivot portion 61 is arranged in a ring-like shape with its axis. A knife piston 70 is shown in FIG. 4 . As can be clearly seen from the figure, the knife piston 70 is connected to the rotating shaft 11 and the knife. The oil cylinder bases 60 are assembled together. The knife piston 70 is partially accommodated in the third pivot portion 61 . The knife plunger 70 can be linearly displaced in the third pivot portion 61 . A fourth pivot portion 71 is provided. The fourth pivot portion 71 is used for the rotation shaft 11 to pass through. The fourth pivot portion 71 is in the shape of a circular groove. The knife piston 70 is provided with at least one third air passage 72. The third air passage 72 communicates with the fourth pivot portion 71 . One end of the third air passage 72 is opposite to the first air passage 401 . When the knife piston 70 is displaced, the third air passage 72 is connected to the first air passage 401 . The first air passages 401 are close to or away from each other, the third air passages 72 are slightly L-shaped perforations, and when the third air passages 72 are plural, the third air passages 72 are arranged in a ring shape, and the fourth air passages 72 are arranged in a ring shape. A fifth end face 73 is arranged inside the pivot portion 71 . The end face 73 is opposite to the knife blowing ring 40 , the fifth end face 73 is flat, and one end of the third air passage 72 is open at the fifth end face 73 . When the knife plunger 70 is displaced, The fifth end surface 73 is close to or away from the knife blowing ring 40, and the knife blowing ring 40 is accommodated in the fourth pivot portion 71; generally, other mechanisms are provided near the main shaft structure The knife piston 70 is displaced at the position; an oil cylinder seat cover 80 is assembled with the oil cylinder seat 60, and the oil cylinder seat cover 80 is provided with a fifth pivot portion 81, the fifth pivot portion 81 It is for one end of the knife piston 70 to be compatible, and part of the knife piston 70 is protruded out of the fifth pivot portion 81. Restricted by the oil cylinder seat cover 80, the knife piston 70 does not come out of the oil cylinder. Outside the seat cover 80, the fifth pivot portion 81 is in the shape of a circular groove. The cylinder seat cover 80 is provided with a fourth air passage 82. When the knife piston 70 is displaced, one end of the fourth air passage 82 is connected to the first air passage 82. The three air passages 72 are relatively straight or not, the fourth air passage 82 is slightly L-shaped perforated, the other end of the fourth air passage 82 is connected to a gas source, the cylinder seat cover 80 is provided with a plurality of third fixing parts 83, Each third fixing portion 83 is aligned with each second fixing portion 62 , the third fixing portion 83 is in the shape of a circular hole, and the number of the plurality of third fixing portions 83 is the same as the number of the plurality of second fixing portions 62 . Matching; when the knife piston 70 is not displaced, the knife piston 70 is spaced from the knife blowing ring 40, the third air passage 72 is not aligned with the fourth air passage 82, and the knife piston 70 is not aligned with the fourth air passage 82. After the displacement of 70, the knife piston 70 is close to the knife blowing ring 40, the third air passage 72 is relatively positive to the fourth air passage 82; a plurality of fixing pieces 84, the ends of the fixing pieces 84 are in the shape of In the shape of an external thread, the fixing member 84 passes through the third fixing portion 83 , the second fixing portion 62 and the first fixing portion 53 and is screwed to the third fixing portion 83 , the second fixing portion 62 and the first fixing portion 53 At the screw hole 23 , the floating seat 20 , the backing ring 50 , the oil cylinder seat 60 and the oil cylinder seat cover 80 are assembled in sequence.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , the floating seat 20 is assembled with the main body 10 , the precision nut 30 is screwed on the rotating shaft 11 , and the fixing rod 41 is passed through the rotating shaft 11 , so that the The knife blowing ring 40 is assembled with the rotating shaft 11 , the knife piston 70 is partially hidden in the oil cylinder seat 60 , and the fixing member 84 connects the floating seat 20 , the backing ring 50 , and the oil cylinder The seat 60 and the cylinder seat cover 80 are assembled together.

Please refer to FIG. 6 to FIG. 9 . It can be clearly seen from the figures that when the knife piston 70 is not displaced, the knife piston 70 is spaced from the knife blow ring 40 , and the fourth air passage 82 is Unlike the third air passage 72 , the gas provided by the gas source cannot enter the third air passage 72 from the fourth air passage 82 .

Please refer to FIG. 10 to FIG. 12 . Displace the knife piston 70 so that the fourth air passage 82 is opposite to the third air passage 72 . The knife piston 70 is close to the knife blowing ring 40 . The other end of the third air passage 72 is close to the first air passage 401 , the gas enters the first air passage 401 from the fourth air passage 82 through the third air passage 72 , and then enters the rotating shaft 11 from the first air passage 401 Inside, the space between the third air passage 72 and the first air passage 401 of the knife blowing ring 40 cannot be completely sealed, and the excess air system can be discharged out of the main shaft structure by the second air passage 52, and a small part of The gas may enter the floating seat 20 through the gap between the first fitting portion 22 and the second fitting portion 32 .

In another embodiment of the present invention, the second air passages 52 are plural, and the plurality of second air passages 52 are annularly arranged around the axis of the backing ring 50 . The knife blowing ring 40 is provided with a first annular groove, and the first annular groove communicates with the first air passage 401 . The gas at the third air passage 72 It enters the first annular groove and then enters the first air passage 401. The third air passages 72 are plural. The knife piston 70 is provided with a second annular groove, and the second annular groove can be connected with the The plurality of third air passages 72 are communicated, and the gas of the fourth air passage 82 enters the second annular groove and enters the plurality of third air passages 72 .

The advantages of the main shaft structure of the present invention lie in:

1. The excess gas system entering the third air passage 72 can be discharged out of the main shaft structure through the second air passage 52, and the probability of the gas in the third air passage 72 entering the main shaft structure and causing damage is low.

2. A circuitous path is formed between the first fitting portion 22 and the second fitting portion 32. The cross-sectional area of the circuitous path is much smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second air passage 52, and most of the gas It is almost exhausted from the second air passage 52 , that is, the probability of the gas in the second air passage 52 entering the interior of the main body 10 is reduced.

3. A circuitous path is formed between the first fitting portion 22 and the second fitting portion 32, and a small portion of the gas also bypasses the first fitting portion 22 and the second fitting portion Only the circuitous path formed between 32 can enter into the floating seat 20, and the probability of the gas entering the interior of the main shaft structure is lower.

Therefore, the main shaft structure of the present invention has industrial applicability, novelty and progress, and can sincerely meet the application requirements for an invention patent, and an application can be filed in accordance with the law.

10: Ontology

11: Rotary shaft

20: Floating seat

30: Precision Nut

40: Knife blowing ring

401: First Airway

41: Fixed rod

50: Backing ring

51: Second pivot

52: Second Airway

53: The first fixed part

60: Cylinder seat

61: The third pivot

62: Second fixed part

70: Knife Piston

71: Fourth pivot

72: Third Airway

80: Cylinder seat cover

81: Fifth pivot

82: Fourth Airway

83: The third fixed part

84: Fasteners

Claims (10)

A main shaft structure comprising: a body, the body system is pivotally provided with a rotating shaft, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft is partially in the shape of an external thread; a floating seat, the floating seat is fastened and assembled on the main body, the floating seat is provided with a first pivot part, and the first pivot part is used for the rotation shaft to penetrate; A precision nut, the precision nut is assembled on one end of the floating seat, the precision nut has a first screw part, the first screw part is screwed and locked on the rotating shaft, the first screw The screwing part is in the shape of an internal thread, and the precision nut rotates with the rotating shaft; a knife blowing ring, the knife blowing ring is assembled on the rotating shaft, the knife blowing ring rotates rapidly with the rotating shaft, and the knife blowing ring is provided with a first air channel; A backing ring, the backing ring is assembled with the floating seat, the backing ring is provided with a second pivot portion, the second pivot portion is used for accommodating the precision nut, and the backing ring is provided with a second air passage , the second airway is in communication with the outside of the second pivot and the backing ring; an oil cylinder seat, the oil cylinder seat is located adjacent to the backing ring, the oil cylinder seat is provided with a third pivot portion, and the third pivot portion extends through the rotating shaft; A knife piston, which is assembled with the rotating shaft and the oil cylinder seat, the knife piston is partially accommodated in the third pivot, and the knife piston can be located in the third pivot Linear displacement, the knife piston is provided with a fourth pivot, the fourth pivot is for the rotation shaft to penetrate, the knife piston is provided with at least a third airway, the third airway is connected with the fourth The pivot part is connected, one end of the third air passage is opposite to the first air passage, when the knife piston is displaced, the third air passage is close to or away from the first air passage, and the knife blowing ring The system is located in the fourth inside the hub; An oil cylinder seat cover, the oil cylinder seat cover is assembled with the oil cylinder seat, the oil cylinder seat cover is provided with a fifth pivot portion, and the fifth pivot portion is compatible with one end of the knife piston, and part of the The knife piston is protruding out of the fifth pivot, and is restricted by the oil cylinder seat cover. The knife piston does not come out of the oil cylinder seat cover. When in position, one end of the fourth airway is relatively aligned or not aligned with the third airway. The main shaft structure according to claim 1, wherein the main system is assembled on various machine tools or various machining mother machines, the rotating shaft is in the shape of a round rod, the rotating shaft is in a rapid rotation shape, and the rotating shaft At least one set of bearing parts is arranged between the body and the main body, and one end of the rotating shaft is used for assembling various cutters; the backing ring is in the shape of a ring, the second pivot is in the shape of a circular groove, and the first The second air passage is in the shape of a circular hole, the axis of the second air passage is perpendicular to the axis of the second pivot; the cylinder seat is in the shape of a circle, and the third pivot is in the shape of a circular groove; the The fifth pivot portion is in the shape of a circular groove, and the fourth airway is in the shape of an L-shaped perforation. The spindle structure of claim 1, wherein the floating seat is provided with a first fitting portion; the precision nut is provided with a second fitting portion, and the second fitting portion is fitted with the first fitting portion The second sleeve part and the first sleeve part have a gap, and the gap between the second sleeve part and the first sleeve part is in the shape of a circuitous path. The main shaft structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein a part of the floating seat is spaced from the main body, the first pivot portion is in the shape of a circular groove, and the first fitting portion is in the shape of a convex ring A first end face and a second end face are arranged in sequence from the axis to the outside of the first sleeve portion, the first end face and the second end face are flat, the first end face and the second end face The second sleeve is in the shape of a ring groove, and the second sleeve is formed by the shaft center. A third end face and a fourth end face are arranged in sequence in the outward direction, the third end face and the fourth end face are flat, the third end face and the fourth end face are parallel, and the third end face is Opposite to the first end face, the fourth end face is opposite to the second end face. The main shaft structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the floating seat is provided with a plurality of screw holes, the screw holes are in the shape of internal threads, and the plurality of screw holes are arranged in an annular space at intervals with the first pivot as the axis The backing ring is provided with a plurality of first fixing parts, each first fixing part is aligned with each screw hole, the number of the plurality of first fixing parts is matched with the number of the plurality of screw holes, the first The fixing part is in the shape of a circular hole, and the plurality of first fixing parts are arranged in an annular space with the second pivot part as the axis; the oil cylinder base is provided with a plurality of second fixing parts, and each second fixing part is connected to Each first fixing part is relatively positive, the second fixing part is in the shape of a circular hole, the plurality of second fixing parts are arranged in an annular space with the third pivot part as the axis; the cylinder seat cover is provided with a plurality of The third fixing parts, each third fixing part is aligned with each second fixing part, the third fixing part is in the shape of a circular hole, and the number of the third fixing parts is the same as the number of the second fixing parts Matching; a plurality of fixing pieces are provided, the end of the fixing piece is in the shape of an external thread, the fixing piece is passed through the third fixing part, the second fixing part and the first fixing part and screwed into the screw hole At the position, the floating seat, the backing ring, the oil cylinder seat and the oil cylinder seat cover are assembled in sequence. The main shaft structure according to claim 1, wherein a fixed rod is provided, the fixed rod is assembled with the rotating shaft and the knife blowing ring, the fixed rod rotates rapidly with the rotating shaft, and the fixed rod It is fixed vertically on the rotating shaft, so that the knife blowing ring is fixed on the rotating shaft. The fixed rod is fastened with a gas flow channel. Connected to provide blowing. The main shaft structure according to claim 1, wherein the fourth pivot portion is in the shape of a circular groove, The third airway is slightly L-shaped perforated. When there are multiple third airways, the third airway is arranged in a ring shape. A fifth end surface is provided inside the fourth pivot. The fifth end surface It is opposite to the blowing ring of the knife, the fifth end face is flat, and one end of the third air passage is open at the fifth end face. When the knife piston is displaced, the fifth end face is connected to the fifth end face. The knife blowing rings are close to each other or away from each other. The main shaft structure according to claim 1, wherein when the knife piston is not displaced, the knife piston and the knife blowing ring have a gap, and the third air passage is not aligned with the fourth air passage, After the knife piston is displaced, the knife piston is close to the knife blowing ring, and the third air passage is opposite to the fourth air passage. The main shaft structure according to claim 1, wherein the second air passages are plural, and the plural second air passages are arranged in a ring shape around the axis of the backing ring. The main shaft structure of claim 1, wherein the knife blowing ring is provided with a first annular groove, the first annular groove is in communication with the first air passage, and the air system at the third air passage Enter into the first annular groove and then enter into the first air passage, the third air passage is plural, the knife piston is provided with a second annular groove, and the second annular groove can be connected with the plurality of third air passages In a communicating shape, the gas of the fourth air passage enters the second annular groove and enters the plurality of third air passages.

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