TWI755949B - The structure of the chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

A chuck structure, which includes a chuck seat, a plurality of clamps, a driving seat, a plurality of driving parts and an outer cover, the driving parts all drive the two cranks through the passive seat, and use the passive seat to energy The design of the yaw displacement in the combined long groove of the driving seat, and the effect of universal swing between the crank and the passive seat, when the driving member moves in the direction of the pull rod synchronously with the driving seat, the One of the cranks can increase the displacement through the swinging of the passive seat, and at the same time increase the pushing path of the joint, so as to instantly push the corresponding clamp to the center to achieve the effect of preferentially and quickly clamping the workpiece , and then gradually and accurately and stably clamp the workpiece in the central position of the clamping seat, which helps to improve the efficiency of workpiece processing operations.

Description

The structure of the chuck

The present invention relates to a chuck of a processing machine, in particular to a chuck structure capable of fast clamping and ensuring clamping accuracy and stability.

According to, the conventional collet structure, such as the improvement of the long-stroke power collet structure of the national patent publication number M507808, includes: a main body, which is provided with a central hole, and is formed with a plurality of accommodating chambers at equal angles in the radial direction , and a clamp set for radial displacement is arranged on the outer side of each accommodating chamber; a movable seat has a shaft hole in the center, one end of the shaft hole is formed with an abutting part, and the other end is formed with a shoulder part, And the movable seat is also formed with a hollow space relative to each accommodating chamber set by the main body, and a guide groove is formed on the inner wall of each hollow space; a plurality of cranks are respectively pivoted on the main body. In the accommodating chamber provided, each crank is respectively formed with a top abutting part and a connecting part, so that the connecting part can pass through the hollow space to abut in the guide groove, and the top abutting part can extend into Connected to the clamp group; a joint piece has a shaft hole in the center, a ring portion is formed at one end to extend into the shoulder set against the movable seat, and the other end is provided on the inner wall of the shaft hole with a A plurality of threads; a limit ring is sleeved and pressed on the joint part and fixed on the movable seat; it is characterized in that each crank can be formed with a block-shaped balance part, the balance part is with the The top abutting portions are in a corresponding state with a distance of approximately 180°. In addition, a stopper is screwed on the main body and faces each of the accommodating chambers, so that each stopper can be inserted in a timely manner. In each of the accommodating chambers, the balance portion of the crank is clamped to limit the pivotal movement of the crank made itinerary.

Looking at the above-mentioned conventional structure, it is not difficult to find that there are still some deficiencies. The main reasons are as follows: the plurality of cranks of the conventional chuck structure are single and are respectively connected to the guide grooves and the respective guide grooves of the movable seat. Between the clamp groups, when the movable seat is forced to retract, the cranks are synchronously linked and pressed against the clamp groups at the same time, so that the clamp groups are displaced by the same distance to the center and clamp the workpiece at the same time, causing the workpiece The increase of clamping time lacks the effect of preferentially and quickly clamping the workpiece, which in turn leads to a decrease in work efficiency.

In view of this, the inventor of the present invention has been engaged in the manufacture, development and design of related products for many years, aiming at the above-mentioned goals, after detailed design and careful evaluation, finally came up with a practical invention.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a chuck structure in view of the above deficiencies in the prior art.

The above structure includes: a clamping seat, a plurality of clamps, a driving seat, a plurality of driving parts and an outer cover, and the clamping seat has a central groove chamber and a plurality of radially arranged chutes with the central groove chamber as the center , a plurality of accommodating grooves that communicate with the bottom of the chute respectively, and a plurality of limit shaft holes respectively transversely penetrating the accommodating grooves from the periphery of the clamp seat; the clamps are slidably assembled on the sliding In the groove, and the bottom of the clamp faces the accommodating groove, a combined circular hole is formed; the driving seat is linearly displaced in the central groove chamber of the clamping seat, and a shaft is arranged at the axial center of the driving seat The outer diameter of the drive seat is equidistantly concave with a plurality of combined long grooves, the combined long grooves correspond to the two chutes respectively, and the bottom surface of the combined long grooves is provided with a central screw hole, and the The inner walls of the two symmetrical sides of the combined long groove are both formed with a concave arc surface; the driving parts are respectively installed between the combined long groove and the two clamps of the driving seat, and each driving part has a passive seat and two Crank, the volume of the passive seat is smaller than the space of the combined long groove, and the upper end surface of the passive seat is provided with a central perforation and two inclined surfaces located on symmetrical sides of the central perforation, and the central perforation is locked by a bolt. One is the central screw hole of the combined long groove, and the outer ends of the two inclined surfaces are formed with a circular arc edge, and the two circular arc edges can sway against the two concave of the combined long groove with the bolt as the center an arc surface, and both of the inclined surfaces are provided with a circular slot hole, one end of the crank is provided with a spherical pivot part, and is mounted on the circular slot hole of the passive seat through the pivot part so as to be universally rotatable, At the same time, the crank is accommodated in each of the accommodating grooves of the clip seat, and the other end of the crank is provided with an eccentric shaft hole transversely through the crank, and then passes through the limit shaft holes of the clip seat respectively. A limiting shaft bolt is inserted into the eccentric shaft hole to limit the eccentric shaft hole, and the crank faces each of the sliding grooves and is protruded with a spherical joint portion, and the joint portion is rotatably connected to the joint circle of each of the clamps. A hole; the outer cover is assembled outside the central groove of the clamping seat, and further restricts the driving seat within the central groove.

Preferably, the other two symmetrical sides of each of the combined long grooves of the drive seat are provided with two combined recesses at the central position of the outer port, and a baffle is fixed across the two combined recesses, and is reached through the baffle. Limit the purpose of the passive seat.

Preferably, a through hole is arranged in the center of the baffle plate, and the through hole faces the center of the passive seat, so as to adjust the tightness of the bolt.

Preferably, one end of the crank is a protruding post, and the protruding post is sleeved with an outer circular ball ring to form the pivot portion, and the end of the protruding post is provided with a ring groove, and a C-shaped buckle is snapped. The ball ring is restrained and fixed.

Compared with the effect of the prior art: the driving element drives the two cranks through one passive seat, and the passive seat can be yawed and displaced in the combined long groove by the design, and there is a universal swing between the crank and the passive seat effect, when the drive member moves to the pull rod side synchronously with the When displacing upward, one of the cranks of each driving member can increase the displacement amount through the swing of the passive seat, and further increase the pushing path of the joint portion at the same time, so as to instantly push the corresponding clamp to move toward the center, To achieve the effect of preferential and fast clamping of the workpiece, and then gradually obtain the balance point of the passive seat, so that each passive seat is no longer offset, so that each crank can push the corresponding fixture with the same displacement, and then the workpiece is accurately And it is stably clamped at the central position of the clamping seat, which helps to improve the efficiency of workpiece processing operations.

〔this invention〕

10: clip seat

11: Center tank chamber

12: Chute

13: accommodating slot

14: Limit shaft hole

15: Limit shaft bolt

20: Fixtures

21: Combine round holes

30: drive seat

31: Shaft perforation

32: Combination long slot

321: Center screw hole

322: concave arc surface

323: Combination recess

324: Bezel

325: Through hole

33: Tie rod

40: Driver

41: Passive seat

411: Center Perforation

412: Inclined surface

413: Arc edge

414: round slotted hole

42: Crank

421: Eccentric shaft hole

422: Joint

43: Bolts

44: Pivot part

441: Column

442: Ball Ring

443: Ring groove

444: C-shaped buckle

50: Outer cover

51: Limit post

[Fig. 1] is a perspective view of the present invention.

[Fig. 2] is an exploded view of the present invention.

[Fig. 3] is an exploded view of the crank of the present invention.

[FIG. 4] is a combined cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[FIG. 5] is a combined cross-sectional view of another angle of the present invention.

[Fig. 6] is a schematic view of the actual clamping state of the present invention.

[Fig. 7] is a schematic diagram of the driving member of the present invention, which is driven by the passive seat in the combined long groove to oscillate to increase the thrust amount of one of the cranks.

[Fig. 8] is a schematic diagram of several clamps of the present invention that preferentially clamp the workpiece.

[Fig. 9] is a schematic diagram of the driving elements of the present invention that balance each other and push the cranks against each other in a balanced manner.

[Fig. 10] is a schematic diagram of each of the clamps of the present invention accurately clamping the workpiece to the central position.

In order to enable your examiners to have a better understanding of the objects, features and effects of the present invention, For a step-by-step understanding and understanding, please cooperate with the [schematic brief description] as follows:

First, please refer to Figures 1, 2, and 3 for a structure of a chuck, which includes: a clamping base 10, the clamping base 10 has a central groove chamber 11, a plurality of central groove chambers 11 as the center and radially arranged chutes 12, a plurality of accommodating grooves 13 respectively communicating with the bottom of the chutes 12, and a plurality of limiting shaft holes 14 respectively passing through the accommodating grooves 13 from the periphery of the clamp base 10; A plurality of clamps 20, the clamps 20 are slidably assembled in the chute 12, and the bottom of the clamps 20 faces the accommodating groove 13 are provided with a coupling hole 21; a driving seat 30, The driving seat 30 is installed in the central groove chamber 11 of the clamping seat 10 in a linear displacement manner, wherein a shaft through hole 31 is formed in the axial center of the driving seat 30 , and a plurality of holes 31 are equidistantly concave in the outer diameter of the driving seat 30 . The combined long groove 32 corresponds to the two chutes 12 respectively, and the bottom surface of the combined long groove 32 is provided with a central screw hole 321, and the inner walls of the two symmetrical sides of the combined long groove 32 are both A concave arc surface 322 is formed; a plurality of driving members 40 are respectively installed between one of the combined long grooves 32 of the driving seat 30 and the two clamps 20, and each of the driving members 40 has a passive seat 41 and two cranks 42, the volume of the passive seat 41 is smaller than the space of the combined long groove 32, and the upper end surface of the passive seat 41 is provided with a central through hole 411 and two inclined surfaces 412 on the symmetrical sides of the central through hole 411, The central through hole 411 is locked to a central screw hole 321 of the combined long slot 32 by a bolt 43 . The outer ends of the two inclined surfaces 412 both form a circular arc edge 413 , and the two circular arc edges 413 The center of the bolt 43 can sway against the two concave arc surfaces 322 of the combined long groove 32 , and both the inclined surfaces 412 are provided with a circular slot 414 , and one end of the crank 42 is provided with a spherical pivot connection Part 44, wherein the end part is a protruding post 441, the protruding post 441 is sleeved with an outer circular ball ring 442, and a ring groove 443 is set at the end of the protruding post 441, and a C-shaped buckle 444 is fastened. The ball ring 442 is limited and fixed to form the pivot portion 44 , and the pivot portion 44 is rotatably mounted on the circular slot 414 of the passive seat 41 , and the crank 42 is accommodated in the clip seat at the same time. Each of the accommodating grooves 13 of 10, and the other end of the crank 42 is An eccentric shaft hole 421 is arranged transversely through the crank 42 , and a limit shaft bolt 15 is respectively inserted through each of the limit shaft holes 14 of the clamp base 10 to limit the eccentric shaft hole 421 , and the crank 42 faces each of the eccentric shaft holes 421 . The chute 12 is protruded with a spherical joint portion 422 , and the joint portion 422 is rotatably connected to the joint holes 21 of the clamps 20 ; an outer cover 50 is assembled on the clamp base 10 . outside the central tank chamber 11 , and further restrict the drive seat 30 within the central tank chamber 11 .

For the structure of the structure, please refer to Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5. The passive seat 41 of the driving element 40 is composed of two circular slot holes 414 each set with a crank 42. The crank 42 The pivot portion 44 is installed in the circular slot hole 414 , and has a universal deflection effect through the ball ring 442 of the pivot portion 44 and the circular slot hole 414 . Set in each of the combined long slots 32 of the driving seat 30, the central through hole 411 of the passive seat 41 is aligned with the central screw hole 321 of the combined long slot 32, and the arc edges 413 at both ends abut the The concave arc surface 322 of the combined long slot 32 is then screwed and fixed with the central screw hole 321 through the central hole 411 through the bolt 43. Since the volume of the passive seat 41 is smaller than the combined long slot 32, the bolt 43 The passive seat 41 can swing left and right along the two concave arc surfaces 322 of the combined long groove 32 through the circular arc edges 413 at both ends, and the other two symmetrical sides of the combined long groove 32 are tied to the outside There are two combined recesses 323 at the center of the port, a baffle 324 is fixed across the two combined recesses 323, and the purpose of restricting the passive seat 41 is achieved through the baffle 324, and the center of the baffle 324 is more consistent The through hole 325 faces the center through hole 411 of the passive seat 41 to facilitate the adjustment of the tightness of the bolt 43 . After the combined long grooves 32 of the driving seat 30 are assembled with the driving element 40 , The driving seat 30 can be assembled into the clamping seat 10, and the driving seat 30 can be assembled into the central groove chamber 11 in a forward and rearward displacement manner, and at the same time, the cranks 42 of the driving members 40 are correspondingly accommodated in the respective accommodating units in sequence. In the groove 13, the limiting shaft bolt 15 is respectively inserted into each of the limiting shaft holes 14, and then the eccentric shaft hole 421 of the crank 42 is inserted into position, so that the position of the eccentric shaft hole 421 of each crank 42 is fixed. , and with The front and rear displacements of the drive base 30 are linked with the pivot portion 44 to achieve the push-pull state of the joint portion 422 . The clamps 20 are respectively slidably assembled in the slide grooves 12 of the clamp base 10 , and each The coupling holes 21 at the bottom of the clamp 20 are respectively connected to the coupling portions 422 of the cranks 42 . Finally, the outer cover 50 is assembled outside the central groove chamber 11 of the clamp base 10 , and a central position on the inner side of the outer cover 50 protrudes. The limiting column 51 is positioned through the shaft through hole 31 of the driving seat 30 to complete the structure of the chuck.

For the actual use state of its structure, please refer to Figures 5 and 6. The inner end of the drive base 30 is connected to a pull rod 33, and the pull rod 33 pulls the drive base 30 backwards to retract, so that the drive base 30 is retracted. 30 and the passive seat 41 of each driving member 40 move in the direction of the draw rod 33 synchronously, so that when the pivot portion 44 of each crank 42 is pulled in the direction of the draw rod 33, each crank 42 will use the limit shaft bolt 15 as the The shaft center rotates to push the joint portion 422 forward, thereby driving each clamp 20 to move radially toward the center to achieve the purpose of clamping the workpiece; otherwise, the driving seat 30 is pushed forward by the pull rod 33 When extending, the driving seat 30 and the passive seat 41 of each driving member 40 will move in the direction of the outer cover 50 synchronously. 42 will rotate with the limiting shaft bolt 15 as the center to pull the joint portion 422 back, thereby driving the action of radial displacement of the clamps 20 outward, so as to achieve the purpose of loosening the workpiece.

In particular, as shown in Figures 7 and 8 and Figures 9 and 10, the driving member 40 drives the two cranks 42 through one passive seat 41, and the passive seat 41 is smaller in volume than the combination The long slot 32 is yawed with the bolt 43 as the center, thereby utilizing the design that the passive seat 41 can yaw and displace in the combined long slot 32, and the crank 42 and the passive seat 41 have a universal screw. The pendulum effect, when the driving member 40 moves in the direction of the pull rod 33 synchronously with the driving seat 30, the crank 42 of each driving member 42 can increase the displacement through the swinging of the passive seat 41, thereby simultaneously increasing the displacement. Enlarge the pushing path of the joint portion 422, so that the corresponding clamp 20 can be pushed to the center in an instant, so as to achieve The effect of preferentially and quickly clamping the workpiece, and when the driving seat 30 continues to move in the direction of the pull rod 33, the forces of the driving members 40 are balanced and gradually obtain the balance point of the passive seat 41, so that the passive seat 41 is no longer Offset can push the corresponding clamps 20 with the same displacement, so that the workpiece can be accurately and stably clamped at the central position of the clamp base 10, which is helpful to improve the efficiency of workpiece processing.

To sum up, the present invention has indeed achieved a breakthrough structural design, and has an improved content of the invention, and at the same time can achieve industrial applicability and progress, and the present invention has not been found in any publications, and it is also novel. In line with the provisions of the relevant laws and regulations of the Patent Law, the invention patent application is filed in accordance with the law, and I urge the review committee of the Jun Bureau to grant the legal patent right.

Only the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention; that is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention should still belong to the present invention. covered by the patent.

10: clip seat

11: Center tank chamber

12: Chute

13: accommodating slot

14: Limit shaft hole

15: Limit shaft bolt

20: Fixtures

21: Combine round holes

30: drive seat

31: Shaft perforation

32: Combination long slot

321: Center screw hole

322: concave arc surface

323: Combination recess

324: Bezel

325: Through hole

40: Driver

41: Passive seat

411: Center Perforation

412: Inclined surface

413: Arc edge

414: round slotted hole

42: Crank

421: Eccentric shaft hole

422: Joint

43: Bolts

44: Pivot part

50: Outer cover

Claims (4)

A chuck structure, which includes: a clip seat, the clip seat has a central groove chamber, a plurality of chutes arranged radially with the central groove chamber as the center, a plurality of accommodating grooves respectively connected to the bottom of the chutes, and a plurality of accommodating grooves by the clamping The periphery of the seat respectively penetrates through the limit shaft holes of the accommodating groove; a plurality of clamps, the clamps are slidably assembled in the chute, and the bottoms of the clamps face the accommodating groove are all provided with a combination circular hole; A driving seat, the driving seat is installed in the central groove chamber of the clamping seat in a linear displacement manner, wherein a shaft through hole is arranged in the axial center of the driving seat, and the outer diameter of the driving seat is equidistantly recessed with a plurality of combined lengths grooves, the combined long grooves correspond to the two chutes respectively, and the bottom surface of the combined long grooves are all provided with a central screw hole, and the inner walls of the two symmetrical sides of the combined long grooves both form a concave arc surface; A plurality of driving parts, the driving parts are respectively installed in one of the combined long grooves of the driving seat and between the two clamps, each of the driving parts has a passive seat and two cranks, and the volume of the passive seat is smaller than that of the combination There is a long slot space, and the upper end surface of the passive seat is provided with a central through hole and two inclined surfaces located on the symmetrical sides of the central through hole. An arc edge is formed on the outer end of the inclined surface, and the two arc edges are swayed against the two concave arc surfaces of the combined long groove with the bolt as the center, and the two inclined surfaces are both set with a circle A slotted hole, one end of the crank is provided with a spherical pivot part, and is rotatably installed in the circular slot hole of the passive seat through the pivot part, and the crank is accommodated in the clip at the same time Each of the accommodating grooves of the seat, and the other end of the crank is provided with an eccentric shaft hole transversely through the crank, and then through each of the limit shaft holes of the clamp seat, a limit shaft bolt is respectively inserted into the eccentric shaft to limit the eccentric shaft holes, and the cranks are protruding with balls facing each of the chute A joint part in the shape of a joint, the joint part is rotatably connected to the joint holes of the clamps; an outer cover is assembled outside the central groove of the clamp seat, and then the driving seat is confined in the central groove. . The structure of the chuck according to claim 1, wherein the other two symmetrical sides of each of the combined long grooves of the drive seat are provided with two combined recesses at the center of the outer port, and two combined recesses are fixed across the two combined recesses. A baffle plate, and the purpose of restricting the passive seat is achieved through the baffle plate. The structure of the chuck according to claim 2, wherein a through hole is arranged at the center of the baffle plate, and the through hole faces the center of the passive seat, so as to facilitate adjusting the tightness of the bolt. The structure of the chuck according to claim 1, wherein one end of the crank is a protruding post, the protruding post is sleeved with an outer circular ball ring to form the pivot portion, and a ring is provided at the end of the protruding post slot, and snap a C-shaped buckle to limit and fix the ball ring.

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