TWI754562B - Spindle temperature measurement and compensation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A Spindle temperature measurement and compensation system is to install a tool handle and a spherical lens device on the spindle of a machine tool, and an optical non-contact sensor head module is arranged on the platform of the machine tool. The sensor head module can be used to measure the degree of deviation of the spherical lens due to thermal increase in temperature due to the rotation of the spindle. There are multiple temperature sensors on the spindle of the machine tool and other locations. The degree of deviation between the temperature measured by each temperature sensor and the spherical lens received through a signal processing module becomes a parameter for building an artificial intelligence temperature compensation model. After that, the temperature of each temperature sensor is input into the artificial intelligence compensation model to predict the current deviation of the spindle and compensate it to the controller of the machine tool, to reduce the machining accuracy of the spindle affected by the thermal error.

Description

Spindle thermal temperature rise measurement compensation system and method

The invention relates to a compensation method for a machine tool, in particular to a spindle thermal temperature rise measurement compensation system and method.

The existing thermal temperature rise compensation technology is that a metal rod is installed on the main shaft, and then a plurality of probes are arranged around the main ball of the metal rod, and then the tool machine is started to operate. When the machine is at different temperatures, multiple probes are used successively. The method of detecting the main ball of the metal rod can obtain the displacement caused by the temperature rise of the main shaft corresponding to the main shaft due to heat.

Through the above measurements, professionals can obtain data to compensate for the deviation of the machine tool due to thermal temperature rise. However, the above method has some shortcomings. For example, when the unknown temperature cannot be predicted in this method, the error caused by the increase of the thermal temperature of the machine, and the need to install multiple probes also causes inconvenience in the installation of the measurement device. further improvements.

Since the existing thermal temperature rise compensation technology cannot predict the deviation of the main shaft when the temperature is unknown, the present invention measures the deviation data of the main shaft in real time by at least continuously measuring the temperature of the main shaft when it is running, and cooperates with the non-contact sensor head module to measure the deviation data of the main shaft in real time. The model of prediction effect can compensate the error of the main shaft of the machine tool due to the thermal temperature rise, so that the machining accuracy of the machine tool is better.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned creative purpose, the present invention provides a spindle thermal temperature rise measurement compensation system, including: a machine tool, a platform and a spindle located directly above the platform, a tool handle is installed on the spindle, and a tool is provided on the machine tool. a controller for controlling the operation of the platform and the main shaft; a spherical lens device, which is provided with an insert rod, which is combined with the knife handle to form a spherical lens at the free end of the insert rod; a sensor head module , is provided with a fixing seat, which is combined with the platform, a bracket is arranged on the top of the fixing seat, an optical non-contact sensor group is arranged at the same height of the bracket, and the sensor group is A measuring point is formed in the center of the machine tool. After the machine tool moves the spherical lens to the measuring point, the sensor head module measures the degree of deviation of the spherical lens due to the thermal rise caused by the rotation of the main shaft. ; one or more temperature sensors, respectively fixed on the machine tool, and at least one temperature sensor is fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool; and a signal processing module with a data capture card, the data capture The card is connected with the signals of the temperature sensors, and the information of the temperature measured by the temperature sensors is received. The data capture card is connected with the signal of the sensor head module. During the rotation process, receive the information of the degree of displacement of the spherical lens sensed by the sensor head module, continuously capture multiple sets of parameters of the aforementioned temperature and displacement changes, and input the neural network to build an artificial intelligence temperature compensation model ; After that, when the machine tool is running, the signal processing module captures the temperature of each temperature sensor, inputs the artificial intelligence compensation model to predict the current offset degree of the spindle, and calculates the offset compensation value from the data The capture card is input to the controller of the machine tool for compensation.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned creative purpose, the present invention provides a method for measuring and compensating the thermal temperature rise of a main shaft. The steps of the method include: A tool handle is arranged on the main shaft of a machine tool, a spherical lens device is installed on the tool handle, and the spherical lens device is provided with a spherical lens; a sensor head module is fixed on the platform of a tool machine, and the sensor head module is installed An optical non-contact sensor group is provided, and a measurement point is formed in the center of the sensor group. When the tool machine moves the ball lens to the measurement point, the sensor head module measures The degree to which the spherical lens is shifted due to the thermal increase in temperature caused by the rotation of the main shaft; more than one temperature sensor is fixed on the machine tool, wherein at least one temperature sensor is fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool; the machine tool will The spherical lens moves to the measurement point, and then the machine tool operates to rotate the main shaft. During the rotation of the main shaft, the temperature information of the machine tool is continuously captured by each temperature sensor, and the The sensor head module senses the change of displacement of the spherical lens, and becomes a plurality of sets of parameters of temperature and displacement change, and inputs the plurality of sets of parameters of temperature and displacement change into a neural network to build an artificial intelligence temperature compensation model; When the machine tool is running, by capturing the temperature of each temperature sensor, input the artificial intelligence compensation model to predict the current offset degree of the spindle, and input the offset compensation value into the controller of the machine tool for compensation.

The present invention uses the aforementioned system and method to input multiple sets of temperature and displacement parameters into a neural network to construct an artificial intelligence temperature compensation model. Therefore, when the subsequent machine tool is used for processing, it can be calculated from the measured temperature. The offset and error generated by the main shaft due to thermal temperature are compensated to the controller of the machine tool to improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool.

In addition, when the present invention uploads multiple sets of temperature and displacement parameters to the cloud through the Internet through the signal processing module, the artificial intelligence temperature compensation model is built in the cloud, and the artificial intelligence temperature compensation model is also downloaded from the cloud. to the signal processing module, and then to measure the temperature to predict the spindle When the thermal error is compensated, the effect of monitoring the temperature at the remote end, establishing the model at the remote end and updating the model can be achieved.

10: Tool machine

11: Base

12: Slider

13: Swing seat

14: Platform

15: Column

16: knife head

17: Spindle

171: Knife handle

18: Controller

20: Ball lens device

21: plunger

22: Ball lens

30: Sensor head module

31: Fixed seat

32: Bracket

33: Sensor group

331: The first laser head

332: Second laser head

333: First light spot displacement sensor

334: Second light spot displacement sensor

A: Measuring point

40: temperature sensor

41: Magnetic base

42: Antenna

50: Signal processing module

51: Communication module

52:Data Capture Card

C: cloud

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool installed with a sensor head module and a spherical lens device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the sensor head module matched with the spherical lens device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a sensor head module matching a spherical lens device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a perspective view of a sensor head module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a signal processing module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the rotation of the main shaft according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a time-thermal error coordinate graph of compensated and uncompensated in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In order to understand the technical features and practical effects of the present invention in detail, and to implement it according to the contents of the description, the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings are further described in detail as follows.

As the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 , the present invention provides a spindle thermal temperature rise measurement and compensation system for implementing a spindle thermal temperature rise measurement compensation method, the structure of which includes a machine tool 10, a spherical The lens device 20, a sensor head module 30, a plurality of temperature sensors 40, and a signal processing module 50, wherein: the machine tool 10 can be an X-axis, Y-axis machine tool or a multi-axis machine tool, In this preferred embodiment, the machine tool 10 is a five-axis machine tool with X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, A-axis, and C-axis. The machine tool 10 is provided with a base 11 on which a movable The sliding seat 12 that moves along the X axis and the Y axis is provided with a swing seat 13 on the top of the sliding seat 12 that can swing along the A axis, and a swing seat 13 is provided on the top of the swing seat 13 A platform 14 rotatable along the C-axis, a column 15 is provided on the top of the rear side of the base 11 , and a cutter head 16 that can move along the Z-axis is combined in front of the column 15 , and the cutter head 16 is located on the positive side of the platform 14 . Above, the tool head 16 is provided with a main shaft 17, the bottom of the main shaft 17 is installed with a tool handle 171, and the machine tool 10 is also provided with a controller 18 for numerically controlling the sliding seat 12, the rocking seat 13, the Actions of the platform 14 , the tool head 16 and the spindle 17 .

The ball lens device 20 is provided with an insertion rod 21 , the insertion rod 21 is a straight rod body and is vertically inserted into the knife handle 171 , and a ball lens 22 is formed at the free end of the bottom of the insertion rod 21 .

The sensor head module 30 is provided with a fixing base 31 for fixing on the platform 14 . In the preferred embodiment, the fixing base 31 is a magnetic base and is fixed on the platform 14 by magnetic attraction. A bracket 32 is arranged around the top of the fixing base 31 , and an optical non-contact sensor group 33 is arranged at the same height of the bracket 32 , and the sensor group 33 is corresponding to the X-axis direction of the bracket 32 . A first laser head 331 and a first light spot displacement sensor 333 are arranged on opposite sides of the bracket 32 , and a second laser head 332 and a second light spot are arranged on opposite sides of the bracket 32 corresponding to the Y-axis direction The displacement sensor 334 is formed at a vertical intersection between the connection line between the first laser head 331 and the first light spot displacement sensor 333 and the connection line between the second laser head 332 and the second light spot displacement sensor 334 . A measurement point A is located at the center of the sensor group 33 .

After the machine tool 10 moves the ball lens 22 to the measurement point A, if the rotation of the main shaft 17 causes the heat to rise and the temperature is displaced, the ball lens 22 is also displaced (the main shaft 17 is also displaced due to the thermal temperature rise of the main shaft 17 ). The offset caused by the height is the offset of the spherical lens 22), since the laser light originally emitted from the second laser head 332 and the second laser head 332 respectively passing through the center of the spherical lens 22 no longer passes through the spherical lens 22. The center of the spherical lens 22 enables the first light spot displacement sensor 333 and the second light spot displacement sensor 334 to detect the deviation of the two laser beams passing through the spherical lens 22 respectively. The degree of deviation of the laser light can be calculated to calculate the degree of deviation of the main axis 17 and the spherical lens 22 .

A plurality of temperature sensors 40 are respectively devices capable of sensing temperature and wirelessly transmitting temperature data to the outside. Each temperature sensor 40 is provided with a magnetic base 41, so that each magnetic base 41 can be magnetically fixed on the magnetic base 41. The temperature of the machine tool 10 is measured at different positions, and each magnetic base 41 is provided with an antenna 42, through which the temperature measured by each temperature sensor 40 can be wirelessly output to the outside; In the embodiment, a plurality of temperature sensors 40 are respectively combined with the base 11 of the machine tool 10 , the sliding seat 12 , the swing seat 13 , the column 15 , the cutter head 16 , the main shaft 17 and outside the machine tool 10 . (for measuring ambient temperature). In other embodiments of the present invention, only one or several temperature sensors 40 may be provided, but at least one temperature sensor 40 is installed on the main shaft 17 , for example, only one temperature sensor is installed in the main shaft 17 The temperature sensor 40, or the spindle 17 and the tool head 16 are each provided with more than one temperature sensor 40 in different numbers. There are more temperature data change parameters, and each temperature sensor 40 may be a temperature sensor with wired signal transmission in addition to the temperature sensor with wireless transmission function.

The signal processing module 50 can be installed in the machine tool 10 or can be detachably arranged outside the machine tool 10. The signal processing module 50 includes a communication module 51 and a data capture card 52. The data capture The card 52 is wirelessly connected to each temperature sensor 40 to receive the temperature information measured by each temperature sensor 40. The data is captured by the card 52 and connected to the sensor head in a wired or wireless manner. The group 30 is connected with a signal. During the rotation operation of the main shaft 17 of the machine tool 10, the information of the displacement degree of the spherical lens 22 sensed by the sensor head module 30 is received, and a plurality of groups of the aforementioned temperature and displacement are continuously captured. The changed parameters are input into a neural network to build an artificial intelligence (AI) temperature compensation model. After the aforementioned artificial intelligence temperature compensation model is built, the degree of deviation of the spindle 17 and the spherical lens 22 can be predicted when the temperature is unknown. After that, when the machine tool 10 is running, the signal processing module 50 can predict the current deviation degree of the main shaft 17 by capturing the temperature of each temperature sensor 40 and inputting the artificial intelligence temperature compensation model, and will adjust the deviation The compensation value is input to the controller 18 of the machine tool 10 through the data capture card 52 for compensation, so as to reduce the influence of temperature on the precision of the machine tool 10 during machining.

When the present invention uses the aforementioned system to perform the method for measuring and compensating for the thermal temperature rise of the spindle, the spherical lens 22 of the spherical lens device 20 is first moved to the measuring point A, and then the machine tool 10 is operated to make The main shaft 17 drives the knife handle 171 and the spherical lens device 20 to rotate. The process is shown in FIG. 6 . At the beginning, the main shaft 17 rotates at 1600 rpm for one hour, and then changes to 3200 rpm for one hour, and then changes to 4800 rpm for one hour, then switch to 6400 rpm, 7500 rpm, 3200 rpm, 7500 rpm, 0 rpm, 2400 rpm, 7500 rpm, 3200 rpm , and so on for one hour each, and finally stop the rotation, the temperature of the main shaft 17 will change due to long-term rotation, and the resulting thermal temperature rise will cause the main shaft 17 to shift, and the offset is determined by the spherical lens device 20 Sensing the offset of the spherical lens 22 is obtained, please refer to FIG. 7 , wherein the offset of the time and the aforementioned thermal error is plotted as an uncompensated curve.

The signal processing module 50 continuously captures the temperature information around the machine tool 10 and changes in the displacement of the spherical lens 22 during the rotation of the main shaft 17 while the machine tool 10 maintains different rotational speeds with the main shaft 17 . Multiple sets of temperature and displacement parameters are input into the neural network to build an artificial intelligence (AI) temperature compensation model. In this preferred embodiment, the signal processing module 50 uploads the captured sets of temperature and displacement parameters to the cloud C through the Internet through the communication module 51 to construct an artificial intelligence temperature compensation model In other preferred embodiments of the present invention, an artificial intelligence temperature compensation model can be built in the processor built in the signal processing module 50 without uploading the parameters to the cloud C.

Finally, the artificial intelligence temperature compensation model constructed by cloud C is downloaded to the signal processing module 50 through the communication module 51 , and the spherical lens device 20 and the sensor head module 30 are disassembled from the machine tool 10 . That is, the compensation of the system of the present invention is completed and the machine tool 10 can be used for machining. When the machine tool 10 is used for machining in the future, the signal processing module 50 can predict the current offset degree of the main shaft 17 by capturing the temperature of each temperature sensor 40, and input the offset compensation value into the tool in real time The controller 18 of the machine tool 10 performs compensation to reduce the influence of temperature on the precision of the machine tool 10 during processing, so as to achieve the effects of remote monitoring of the temperature of the equipment, instant modeling and updating of the model. Please refer to Figure 7, the figure is repeated after entering the compensation value 6, the offset between time and compensated thermal error is drawn as a solid line compensation curve. After compensation, the machining accuracy of the main shaft 17 of the machine tool 10 is slightly affected by the thermal error.

When the machine tool 10 using the system of the present invention is moved to a different environment after the artificial intelligence temperature compensation model is built, for example, when moving across countries to a foreign environment. Because the temperature of the environment is different and the state of the machine is different, the temperature compensation model of the previous artificial intelligence is no longer suitable for use. At this time, the spherical lens device 20 and the sensor head module 30 are re-installed back to the machine tool 10. In situ, execute the aforementioned spindle thermal temperature rise measurement and compensation method, and then download the appropriate artificial intelligence temperature compensation model from the cloud C to the signal processing module 50, and use the temperature prediction tool measured by each temperature sensor 40 The main shaft 17 of the machine tool 10 changes in offset due to thermal temperature rise, and the machine tool 10 after the relocation is dynamically compensated for the thermal temperature rise of the main shaft 17, so as to quickly install and detect.

In addition to the above-mentioned preferred embodiment, the present invention captures the temperature information of the machine tool 10 at various places during the rotation of the main shaft 17 at 1600 revolutions per minute for one hour, and then rotates at different speeds per minute for one hour respectively. The change of the displacement of the spherical lens 22 becomes a parameter provided for multiple sets of temperature and displacement change beyond the establishment of an artificial intelligence temperature compensation model. The rotation speed and dwell time of the main shaft 17 can be set according to the user's needs, as long as the obtained parameters are sufficient to build an artificial intelligence temperature compensation model. The prediction effect of the built artificial intelligence temperature compensation model is better.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of rights claimed by the present invention. All other equivalent changes or modifications that do not depart from the spirit disclosed in the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of the patent application.

10: Tool machine

11: Base

12: Slider

13: Swing seat

14: Platform

15: Column

16: knife head

17: Spindle

18: Controller

40: temperature sensor

Claims (6)

A spindle thermal temperature rise measurement and compensation system, comprising: a machine tool with a platform and a spindle directly above the platform, a tool handle is installed on the spindle, and a controller is provided on the tool machine for controlling the platform and The main shaft operates; a spherical lens device is provided with a plunger, which is combined with the knife handle, and a spherical lens is formed at the free end of the plunger; a sensor head module is provided with a fixing seat for the fixing The seat is combined on the platform, a bracket is arranged on the top of the fixed seat, an optical non-contact sensor group is arranged at the same height of the bracket, and a measurement point is formed in the center of the sensor group. After the tool machine moves the spherical lens to the measuring point, the sensing head module measures the degree of the spherical lens being shifted due to the thermal rise caused by the rotation of the main shaft; more than one temperature sensor, respectively fixed on the machine tool, and wherein at least one temperature sensor is fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool; and a signal processing module, which is provided with a data capture card, the data capture card and the temperature sensors The data capture card is connected with the signal of the sensor head module to receive the sensor head during the rotation process of the main shaft of the machine tool. The information of the degree of displacement of the spherical lens sensed by the module, continuously captures multiple sets of parameters of the aforementioned temperature and displacement changes, and inputs them into the neural network to build an artificial intelligence temperature compensation model; after that, when the machine tool is running , the signal processing module predicts the current offset degree of the spindle by capturing the temperature of each temperature sensor, inputting the artificial intelligence compensation model, and inputting the offset compensation value from the data capture card to the machine tool's The controller compensates. The spindle thermal temperature rise measurement and compensation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signal processing module further comprises a communication module, and the signal processing module captures a plurality of sets of parameters of temperature and displacement change from the communication module. The module transmits to the cloud, builds the artificial intelligence temperature compensation model in the cloud, and then uses the communication module to download the artificial intelligence temperature compensation model built in the cloud to the signal processing module. The main shaft thermal temperature rise measurement and compensation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixing base is a magnetic base, and the fixing base is combined and fixed on the platform in a magnetic attraction manner. The spindle thermal temperature rise measurement and compensation system according to claim 3, wherein each temperature sensor is provided with a magnetic base, and each magnetic base is magnetically fixed to the machine tool, and each magnetic base is mounted on each magnetic base. An antenna is provided, and the measured temperature is output wirelessly to the outside through each antenna; the data acquisition card is connected with the signal of each temperature sensor in a wireless manner. A method for measuring and compensating the thermal temperature rise of a main shaft, the steps of the method include: a tool handle is arranged on the main shaft of a machine tool, a spherical lens device is installed on the tool handle, the spherical lens device is provided with a spherical lens; A sensor head module is fixed on the sensor head module, an optical non-contact sensor group is arranged on the sensor head module, and a measuring point is formed in the center of the sensor group. When the tool machine has the spherical lens After moving to the measuring point, the sensor head module measures the degree of deviation of the spherical lens due to the thermal rise caused by the rotation of the main shaft; more than one temperature sensor is fixed on the machine tool, at least one of which is A temperature sensor is fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool; the machine tool moves the spherical lens to the measuring point, and then the machine tool operates to rotate the main shaft. During the rotation of the main shaft, the temperature sensor is continuously The detector captures the temperature information around the machine tool, and uses the sensor head module to sense the change in the displacement of the spherical lens to become multiple sets of parameters for temperature and displacement changes, and input multiple sets of parameters for temperature and displacement changes A neural network-like network is used to build an artificial intelligence temperature compensation model; and when the machine tool is running, by capturing the temperature of each temperature sensor, the artificial intelligence compensation model is input to predict the current deviation degree of the spindle, and the deviation will be The offset value of the displacement is input to the controller of the machine tool for compensation. The method for measuring and compensating for the thermal temperature rise of the main shaft as described in claim 5, wherein multiple sets of captured parameters of temperature and displacement change are transmitted to the cloud, the artificial intelligence temperature compensation model is built in the cloud, and then the cloud construction is completed The artificial intelligence temperature compensation model is downloaded to a signal processing module, the signal processing module predicts the degree of deviation of the spindle, and the offset compensation value is input to the controller of the machine tool for compensation.

Images