TWI628349B - Fire barrier and fire door using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The fireproof board of the present invention comprises: a porous flame resistant layer having a first major surface, an opposite second major surface and at least one slit, and the at least one slit is attached to the first major surface and the second An opening is formed in at least one of the main faces; and an intumescent flame-retardant material is filled in the at least one slit and forms an expanded carbon layer when heated. Accordingly, the fireproof panel of the present invention can be used as a door core panel to make a fireproof door with a fireproofing effect of up to 2 hours.

Description

Fireproof board and fire door using the same

The invention relates to a fireproof board, in particular to a fireproof board suitable as a door core and a fireproof door using the same.

The fire resistance of buildings is an issue of great importance today, and the relevant fire protection regulations are becoming increasingly strict. Taking fire doors as an example, the requirements for fire door specifications have changed from Integrity to Integrity and Insulation. For example, the European Union's fire safety rating specification BSEN1634-1 has required both flame and heat resistance. At present, the fire rating of fire doors mainly depends on the Fire Resistance Period (FRP), that is, the fire door can continue to meet the maximum time required for the flame and heat resistance requirements of the fire protection test.

The main component of a group of fire doors is the door panel, and the fire protection performance of the door panel mainly comes from the door core. The door core design will affect the fire prevention time of the fire door. In addition, the door core accounts for at least 50% to 70% of the overall weight of the fire door panel, or even higher. The currently common fire door cores are mainly made of wood or inorganic sheets. The fireproof door core made of wood is generally made of solid wood. However, due to the high density of solid wood, the fireproof door core made of solid wood has the disadvantage of high weight. In particular, today's solid wood door cores are marketed under the mainstream regulations (such as BSEN1634-1), which can only achieve 1 hour FRP. If you want to achieve 2 hours FRP, you must increase the thickness significantly, which will result in weight increase and material cost. It has risen and is therefore not acceptable to the market. In addition, inorganic The fireproof door core made of sheet material is usually made of calcium silicate or calcium carbonate board. Although the price is cheap, the weight is heavier than the solid wood. At present, the marketed products of fire-resistant door cores made of these inorganic plates can only reach 1 hour FRP. If you want to achieve FRP of 2 hours or more, you need to stack 5-6 pieces of silicic acid or calcium carbonate plates to make them. The overall weight of the fire door is more than 100 kg, and it takes 6 people to complete the installation. This not only installs labor costs, but also the excessively heavy fire doors are not conducive to fire escape. Although lighter inorganic foam materials are currently used as the door core, there are no lightweight fire doors available for 2 hour FRP.

In view of this, the development of a new fireproof panel that can meet both the light and light requirements and the 2-hour FRP fireproof performance as a fireproof door core has great demand and development potential in this industry.

The inventors of the present invention have found that the main reason for the difficulty of passing the fireproof door core of the conventional solid wood or inorganic sheet through the 2-hour FRP is that after the rigid sheet contacts the high heat for a period of time, it is easy to cause thermal stress concentration in the weaker structure of the sheet material, causing deformation or It is a crack on the board, so that the high heat flame or hot air can be used to pass through the gap opened by the deformation or crack to reach the back of the board (that is, the non-heated surface during the fire test), so that the flame and/or flame Heat resistance failed. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fireproof panel comprising a pre-formed gap and filling the slit with an intumescent flame retardant material, and the thermal stress generated by the heat of the fireproof panel is filled with a flame retardant material. The gap is absorbed. That is to say, by intentionally forming a gap, the structure is initially formed at a predetermined position on the board so that the thermal stress can be concentrated to the gap in the shortest time once it is generated. At this time, the gap may be deformed due to thermal stress or the potential for cracking, but the intumescent flame-retardant material filled in the gap may form a soft foam-like expansion which is several times to several tens of times larger when it is heated. Carbon layer, so even if a gap occurs Deformed or split, the expanded carbon layer can still fill the gap continuously to maintain the integrity of the sheet, blocking flame or hot gas penetration. In other words, these strategically distributed gaps on the sheet, combined with the intumescent flame-retardant material filled in it, can actively absorb thermal stress without cracking, thus protecting other locations on the fireproof board from cracking. The integrity of the fireproof board is maintained when it is heated, so as to solve the problem that the conventional fireproof door core is caused by heat deformation, and the flame or hot air gap can be multiplied.

According to the above and other objects, the present invention provides a fireproof panel comprising: a porous flame resistant layer having a first major surface, an opposite second major surface, and at least one slit, and wherein the at least one slit is tied to Forming an opening in at least one of the first major surface and the second major surface; and an intumescent flame-retardant material that is filled in the at least one slit and forms an expanded carbon layer when heated. Among them, the porous flame-resistant layer forms the main body of the fireproof board, and provides fire blocking and heat insulating functions when the fireproof board is heated. For example, when an open flame or a hot gas with a high temperature contacts the first main surface, the porous flame-resistant layer physically blocks the flame or the hot gas from contacting the second main surface, and absorbs the high heat brought by the flame or the hot gas as much as possible. The time required for the long high heat to pass to the second main surface is to delay the temperature rise of the second main surface.

When the fireproof board is heated, according to the material mechanics principle, the thermal deformation stress randomly generated by the porous flame-resistant layer will naturally concentrate on the pre-formed gaps, and the intumescent flame-retardant material in the gap will begin to expand due to heat. The expanded carbon layer is not rigid because the expanded carbon layer is soft, and as long as the heat source persists, the intumescent flame retardant material will continue to expand, that is, the expanded carbon layer will continue to grow under heat, so when the fireproof plate is heated When deformed by stress, the expanded carbon layer can adapt to the change and fill the gap, regardless of the shape and size of the slit, and continuously maintain the integrity of the porous flame-resistant layer to block the passage of flame or hot gas. Effectively extend the fire resistance period (FRP) of the fire board to achieve 2 hours FRP fire performance. Here, the intumescent flame-retardant material is not subject to any particular limitation as long as it forms an expanded carbon layer when heated to fill the porous flame-resistant The gap between the layers can be. In one embodiment, the intumescent flame retardant material may be selected from a soft, flexible object such as a paste or paste material. Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, an intumescent fireproof mud, an intumescent flame retardant adhesive, or an intumescent flame retardant paint.

In the present invention, the material of the porous flame-resistant layer is preferably an inorganic foaming material, more preferably a closed-cell type inorganic foaming material, and an open-cell type porous inorganic material such as rock wool. The closed-cell type inorganic foaming material can reduce the weight of the fireproof board because it contains a lot of air and has a low density. In addition, the inorganic material has a flame-resistant property, and the air contained in the inner portion has a low thermal conductivity, which can delay the transfer of high heat from the heated surface of the fireproof panel to the non-heated surface, thereby improving the fireproofing effect of the fireproof panel. Thereby, the fireproof board of the invention can be used as a door core board to make a fireproof door which has both light weight and 2 hours FRP fireproof performance. Compared with the conventional fireproof door of the silicic acid or calcium carbonate board as the door core, the overall weight of the fireproof door made of the fireproof board of the invention can be reduced to about 40 kg, so the installation can be reduced to 2 people, and then the solution is solved. Knowing the high labor costs of installing fire doors, and improving the shortcomings of conventional fire doors that are too heavy to escape the fire. Here, the closed-cell type inorganic foaming material includes, but is not limited to, foamed cement, foamed glass, foamed ceramic, or a combination thereof. In addition, the closed-cell type inorganic foamed sheet can also be directly selected from the common external wall insulation materials on the market. Since the porosity of the closed-cell type inorganic foaming material is higher, the more air is contained in the fireproof board, the lighter the quality, the better the heat insulation, so the porosity of the closed-cell type inorganic foaming material is preferably not less than 50. %, preferably no less than 90%. In addition, the closed cell rate of the closed-cell inorganic foam material is higher, the inner air is less likely to convect with the outside, and the heat insulation is better, so the closed cell rate of the closed-cell inorganic foam material is preferably not less than 50%, preferably not Less than 90%.

In the present invention, the geometry, depth, arrangement, opening shape, opening size, and the like of the at least one slit are not particularly limited as long as it is advantageous for absorbing thermal stress generated by the porous flame-resistant layer, wherein geometric examples include , but not limited to straight lines, arcs, dots, irregular shapes (in Some of the processing conditions are convenient or a combination thereof, and the shape of the opening includes, but is not limited to, a circular arc, a square, a trapezoid, a triangle, an irregular groove, or a combination thereof. For example, one embodiment of the present invention forms slits that are not staggered and have a depth less than the thickness of the porous flame resistant layer, while another embodiment forms slits that are interdigitated and have a depth equal to the thickness of the porous flame resistant layer. More specifically, in the embodiment in which the gap depth is equal to the thickness of the porous flame-resistant layer, the porous flame-resistant layer can be actually regarded as composed of a plurality of porous flame-resistant segments, and the porous flame-resistant segments are separated by The at least one slit is spaced apart from each other. Preferably, the porous flame-resistant layer has a plurality of porous flame-resistant segments in the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction, that is, the porous flame-resistant segments are stacked into an NxM array (N and M are positive integers, N≧2, M≧2).

In the present invention, when the slit is parallel to either edge of the porous flame resistant layer, the distance between the slit adjacent to the edge and the edge, or the distance between any two adjacent slits, is preferably not More than 1/2 of the length of either side of the porous flame resistant layer. For example, the slits may be longitudinal slits parallel to the longitudinal edges of the porous flame resistant layer, and the distance between the longitudinal slits closest to the longitudinal edges and the longitudinal edges, or the distance between any two adjacent slits, preferably does not exceed 1/2 of the shortest side length of the porous flame-resistant layer; similarly, the slits may be transverse slits parallel to the lateral edges of the porous flame-resistant layer, and the distance between the transverse slit closest to the lateral edge and the lateral edge, Or the distance between any two adjacent slits, preferably not more than 1/2 of the shortest side length of the porous flame-resistant layer; or, the partial slit is a longitudinal slit parallel to the longitudinal edge of the porous flame-resistant layer, and the other slits are a transverse slit parallel to the lateral edges of the porous flame resistant layer, wherein the longitudinal slits and the transverse slits may or may not be staggered with each other (eg, when the slit shape is a dot shape), and the longitudinal slit closest to the longitudinal edge and the longitudinal edge The distance between the transverse slit closest to the lateral edge and the lateral edge, or the distance between any two adjacent slits, preferably not exceeding the porosity of the porous flame resistant layer 1/2 of the shortest side length. Thereby, it is ensured that the thermal stress generated on the porous flame-resistant layer can be quickly absorbed by any slit, and the stress is prevented from accumulating directly at the stress generation, causing cracks at the stress generation.

In the present invention, the fireproof panel may further include: a flame resistant fire barrier layer covering the first main surface or/and the second main surface of the porous flame resistant layer, and avoiding open flame contact with open flame The flame-resistant layer reduces the probability of high heat damage to the door core material, which is beneficial to prolong the fireproofing effect. The flame resistant fire barrier layer may be a rigid or non-rigid material, preferably a material having good thermal conductivity, such as glass fiber, ceramic fiber, ceria, carbon fiber, metal or a combination thereof, whereby the flame resistant fire barrier layer can be avoided The porous flame-resistant layer is in direct contact with the open flame, which makes the porous flame-resistant layer evenly heated, reducing the probability of thermal stress caused by uneven heating. Here, the flame resistant fire barrier layer may be fixed or attached to the porous flame resistant layer by any means. If necessary, the porous flame-resistant layer can be soaked by water glass to increase the strength of the porous flame-resistant layer, so as to facilitate the mechanical external force encountered in the subsequent fire door manufacturing or installation, such as the upper nail.

The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of the preferred embodiments.

100, 200, 300, 400, 500‧‧‧ fire boards

10‧‧‧Porous flame resistant layer

10'‧‧‧Porous flame resistant section

101‧‧‧ first main face

102‧‧‧Second main face

11, 12 ‧ ‧ gap

20‧‧‧Intumescent flame retardant materials

30‧‧‧Storable fire barrier

D1, D2‧‧‧ distance

D3, D4‧‧‧ spacing

L, W‧‧‧

T‧‧‧ thickness

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a fireproof panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fireproof panel of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a fireproof panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a fireproof panel according to a third embodiment of the present invention; 5 is a perspective view of a fireproof panel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 6 is a schematic exploded view of a fireproof panel according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

In the following, examples will be provided to explain in detail embodiments of the invention. The advantages and effects of the present invention will be more apparent by the disclosure of the present invention. The drawings attached hereto are simplified and are used for illustration. The number, shape and size of the components shown in the drawings can be modified as the case may be, and the configuration of the components may be more complicated. Other variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the invention.

[Example 1]

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a perspective view of a fireproof panel 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of slits 11 are formed on the first main surface 101 of the porous flame resistant layer 10 , and the slit 11 is filled with an intumescent flame retardant. Material 20.

Here, the present embodiment is exemplified by linear slits 11 arranged in parallel intervals, wherein the depths of the slits 11 are smaller than the thickness of the porous flame-resistant layer 10, and each slit 11 is tied to the porous flame-resistant layer. The first major face 101 of 10 forms a square opening. Since the main function of the slit 11 is to absorb the thermal deformation stress generated in the porous flame-resistant layer 10, the geometry, depth, opening shape, and opening size of the slit 11 are not particularly limited as long as it is advantageous for making the porous flame-resistant. The heat deformation stress generated by the layer 10 may be concentrated to the slit 11. Accordingly, the geometry and opening shape of the slit 11 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the specific embodiment, and the depth and opening size of the slit 11 are not limited. Further, in order to ensure that the thermal deformation stress generated in the porous flame-resistant layer 10 can be quickly concentrated to the slit 11, the slit 11 formed in the present embodiment preferably conforms to the 1/2 principle described below.

Referring to FIG. 2, when the geometry of the slits 11, 12 is a straight line parallel to the lateral edge of the porous flame-resistant layer 10, the distances D1, D2 between the slits 11, 12 and the lateral edges, or any two adjacent slits 11, The distance D between 12 is preferably not more than 1/2 of the length of the side of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 (including the shortest side length). For example, in FIG. 2, the porous flame-resistant layer 10 has a long side length L and a short side length W, wherein the distance D1 between the slit 11 and the lower edge adjacent to the lower edge is smaller than the long side length L and 1/2 of the short side length W (according to the 1/2 principle; since less than the short side length W of 1/2 must be less than 1/2 of the long side length L, the following only considers the short side length W, In a simplified text, the distance D3 between the slits 11 and 12 is also less than 1/2 of the short side length W (according to the 1/2 principle), but the distance D2 between the slit 12 and the upper edge adjacent to the upper edge is It is larger than 1/2 of the short side length W (not conforming to the 1/2 principle), so the thermal stress generated between the upper edge and the slit 12 may not be quickly absorbed by the slit 12 and accumulated directly at the stress generation. Accordingly, in order to allow the thermal stress to be quickly absorbed by any of the slits, it is preferable to additionally form a gap between the upper edge and the slit 12, so that the spacing arrangement of each slit conforms to the principle of 1/2, so that the porous flame-resistant layer The thermal deformation stress generated by the heat can be naturally and quickly concentrated to fill the gap of the intumescent flame-retardant material 20 and be absorbed.

The intumescent flame retardant material 20 can be any suitable intumescent flame retardant material. In one embodiment, the intumescent flame retardant material may be selected from a soft, flexible object such as a paste or paste material. Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, an intumescent fireproof mud, an intumescent flame retardant adhesive, or an intumescent flame retardant paint. The expansion capacity of the intumescent flame retardant material is generally between ten and tens of times, and as long as the heat source persists, the intumescent flame retardant material will continue to expand, that is, the soft foam formed by the heat. The expanded carbon layer will continue to grow and not stop when the heat source persists, thus ensuring that the gap is continuously filled. Thereby, the first main surface 101 of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 of FIG. 1 is taken as When the hot surface (ie, the front side), the flame and the hot air are not easily passed from the first main surface 101 through the fireproof panel 100 to the second main surface 102 (ie, the back surface), thereby improving the fire resistance period (FRP) of the fireproof panel. purpose.

The porous flame-resistant layer 10 is preferably a closed-cell type inorganic foamed sheet, and examples thereof include, but are not limited to, foamed cement, foamed glass, foamed ceramic, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the closed-cell type inorganic foamed sheet can directly select a common external wall insulation material on the market, and has the advantage of reducing cost. For example, in areas with colder climates in northern China, the exterior walls of buildings must be covered with insulation materials, so there are many types of such products, sufficient supply, and when the building is refurbished or refurbished, it can be recycled and reused as a fire door core. Solve the waste problem and do both. Since the closed-cell type inorganic foamed sheet contains a lot of air and has a low density, the weight of the fireproof board can be reduced. Moreover, the inorganic material is resistant to burning, and the contained air has a low thermal conductivity, so that high heat transfer to the non-heated surface can be delayed, and the fireproofing effect of the fireproof panel is improved. Furthermore, the higher the porosity of the closed-cell inorganic foamed sheet, the more air is contained in the fireproof sheet, the lighter the quality, the better the heat insulation, so the porosity of the closed-cell inorganic foamed sheet is better. Not less than 50%, more preferably not less than 90%. In addition, the closed cell ratio of the closed-cell inorganic foamed sheet is higher, the inner air is less likely to convect with the outside, and the heat insulation is better, so the closed cell rate of the closed-cell inorganic foamed sheet is preferably not less than 50%, preferably not Less than 90%.

[Embodiment 2]

For the purpose of brief description, any description of the same application in the above-described embodiment 1 is hereby made, and the same description is not repeated.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic exploded view of a fireproof panel 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is substantially the same as that described in Embodiment 1, except that the fireproof panel 200 of the present embodiment further includes a fire resistant fire barrier layer. 30, and the present embodiment is exemplified by the oblique straight slit 11. Taking the first main surface 101 of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 as a heating surface, the fire-resistant fire barrier layer 30 covers the porosity. The first main surface 101 of the flame-resistant layer 10 prevents the porous flame-resistant layer 10 from coming into direct contact with the open flame, whereby the material of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 itself can be prevented from being damaged by high heat.

The flame resistant fire barrier layer 30 can be, for example, a rigid or non-rigid material of any non-combustible or non-combustible material that can be placed against the side of the porous flame resistant layer 10 facing the source of ignition to achieve the purpose of blocking the open flame. Here, specific examples of the material of the flame-resistant fire barrier layer 30 include, but are not limited to, metal sheets, inorganic sheets, inorganic fiber cloth, paper, or a combination thereof. In addition, the flame-resistant fire barrier layer 30 is preferably made of a material having good heat conductivity, so that it can be quickly and uniformly transmitted to the upper portion thereof when heated, thereby making the porous flame-resistant layer 10 evenly heated, and reducing the heat-resistant flame-resistant layer 10 due to heat. Unevenness produces a non-uniform temperature field thereon, thus causing a probability of thermal deformation stress. Accordingly, the flame resistant fire barrier layer 30 is preferably selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, ceramic fibers, ceria, carbon fibers, metals, or combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto. In order to make the fireproof panel 200 light, thin and short, the flame resistant fire barrier layer 30 is more preferably glass fiber paper/cloth, ceramic fiber paper/cloth, carbon fiber paper/cloth, cerium oxide paper/cloth, or a combination thereof, but not Limited to this. Here, the flame-retardant fire barrier layer 30 may be attached to the porous flame-resistant layer 10 by an adhesive, wherein the adhesive is preferably selected as a heat-resistant or fire-resistant function (for example, an intumescent flame-retardant adhesive). Alternatively, the flame-retardant fire barrier layer 30 may be fixed to the porous flame-resistant layer 10 by any mechanical fixing means such as nails, metal wire stitching, etc., in order to prevent the porous flame-resistant layer 10 from being damaged by mechanical fixing means. The porous flame-resistant layer 10 is preferably subjected to soaking treatment with water glass to increase the strength of the porous flame-resistant layer 10.

[Example 3]

For the purpose of brevity, the description of any of the above embodiments that can be used for the same application is the same, and the same description is not repeated.

Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a perspective view of a fireproof panel 300 according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is composed of a plurality of porous flame-resistant segments 10' to form a porous flame-resistant layer 10 and a gap between individual porous flame-resistant segments 10'. 11, 12 is filled with an intumescent flame retardant material 20.

As shown in FIG. 4, the present embodiment is exemplified by a fireproof panel 300 composed of a 2 x 2 porous flame-resistant segment 10', wherein the longitudinal side length L of the fireproof panel 300 is equal to the lateral side length W and perpendicular to each other. The depth of the staggered linear longitudinal slit 11 and the linear transverse slit 12 is equal to the thickness T of the porous flame resistant layer 10, that is, the slits 11, 12 extend from the first main surface 101 of the porous flame resistant layer 10 to the second The main surface 102 has openings formed on the first main surface 101 and the second main surface 102. Accordingly, the slits 11 and 12 have the maximum absorption range for the thermal deformation stress, so that the structural integrity protection can be improved when the fireproof panel 300 is heated.

In the present embodiment, the distance D1 between the longitudinal slit 11 having a linear shape and the longitudinal edge of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 is about 1/2 of the length L, W of the porous flame-resistant layer 10, and the transverse slit 12 is The distance D2 between the lateral edges of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 is also approximately 1/2 of the length L and W of the porous flame-resistant layer 10, which are all in accordance with the above-mentioned 1/2 principle, so that the slits 11 and 12 can quickly absorb the porous flame-resistant The thermal stress generated by layer 10 when heated. Here, although the specific embodiment is exemplified by the porous refractory block 10 ′ of a uniform size, in actual implementation, the porous refractory segments 10 ′ of different sizes may be stacked according to requirements to meet 1/1. 2 principle porous fire resistant layer 10.

[Example 4]

For the purpose of brevity, the description of any of the above embodiments that can be used for the same application is the same, and the same description is not repeated.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a perspective view of a fireproof panel 400 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, which is substantially the same as that described in Embodiment 3 except that the fireproof panel 400 of the present embodiment is in a 3 x 3 stacked state. An exemplary illustration is given.

As shown in FIG. 5, this embodiment uses nine porous refractory segments 10' of uniform size to form a fireproof panel 400 having a longitudinal side length L equal to a lateral side length W (an intumescent flame retardant material is not shown). Therefore, the porous flame-resistant layer 10 has two linear longitudinal slits 11 and two linear transverse slits 12, wherein the distance D1 between the longitudinal slits 11 and the longitudinal edges of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 and the distance D3 between the individual slits 11 ( Corresponding to the lateral side length of the porous flame-resistant segment 10') is smaller than 1/2 of the side lengths L, W of the porous flame-resistant layer 10, and the distance D2 between the lateral slit 12 and the lateral edge of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 and individual slits The distance D12 between 12 (corresponding to the longitudinal side length of the porous flame-resistant segment 10') is also smaller than 1/2 of the side lengths L and W of the porous flame-resistant layer 10, which conforms to the above-mentioned 1/2 principle, so the slits 11 and 12 can be The thermal stress generated when the porous flame-resistant layer 10 is heated is quickly absorbed. In an embodiment, the size of each of the porous flame-resistant segments 10' is not necessarily the same, that is, the size of D1 may be different from D3, and/or the size of D2 may be different from D4, as long as D1, D2, D3, and D4 are Meet the above 1/2 principle.

[Example 5]

For the purpose of brevity, the description of any of the above embodiments that can be used for the same application is the same, and the same description is not repeated.

Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a schematic exploded view of a fireproof panel 500 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is substantially the same as that described in Embodiment 3 except that the fireproof panel 500 of the embodiment 5 is stacked by 4×3. The embodiment is exemplified and further includes a flame resistant fire barrier layer 30. Here, in the present embodiment, the first main surface 101 of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 is taken as a heating surface, and the fire-resistant fire barrier layer 30 covers the first main surface 101 of the porous flame-resistant layer 10.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the present embodiment uses 12 porous refractory segments 10 ′ of uniform size to form a fireproof panel 500 having a longitudinal side length L greater than a lateral side length W (an intumescent flame retardant material is not shown). Therefore, the porous flame resistant layer 10 has two linear longitudinal slits 11 and three linear transverse slits 12, The distance D1 between the longitudinal slit 11 and the longitudinal edge of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 and the distance D3 between the individual slits 11 (corresponding to the lateral side length of the porous flame-resistant segment 10') are smaller than the side length L of the porous flame-resistant layer 10, 1/2 of W, and the distance D2 between the transverse slit 12 and the lateral edge of the porous flame-resistant layer 10 and the distance D4 between the adjacent slits 12 (corresponding to the longitudinal side length of the porous flame-resistant segment 10') are also smaller than the porous flame-resistant The side lengths L and W of the layer 10 are in accordance with the above-mentioned 1/2 principle, so that the slits 11, 12 can quickly absorb the thermal stress generated when the porous flame-resistant layer 10 is heated. In an embodiment, the size of each of the porous flame-resistant segments 10' is not necessarily the same, that is, the size of D1 may be different from D3, and/or the size of D2 may be different from D4, as long as D1, D2, D3, and D4 are Meet the above 1/2 principle.

[Test example]

This test case uses the fireproof board simulation shown in Figure 6 as a fire door core for fire resistance period (FRP) test, wherein the tested fire door core uses 12 pieces of size 45 cm (L) x 30 cm ( W) x 3~5cm (D) porous flame-resistant segments are stacked into a porous flame-resistant layer with a size of about 180cm (L) x 90cm (W), and the fire-resistant fire barrier is attached to the porous flame-resistant layer by the high-temperature resistant glue. On the floor. Here, the material used for the porous flame-resistant segment is a closed-cell foamed cement aggregate (manufacturer, Jiangsu Yancheng Guilong Plastic Products Co., Ltd., model BKK01), which has a porosity of >70% and a closed cell ratio of >90%. And the porous flame-resistant joints utilize an intumescent fire-resistant mud (manufacturer Taiwan Guiyang Technology Co., Ltd., model GFR-FDM2016) as an intumescent flame-retardant material filling the gap between the segments, and using ceramic tissue paper (resistant The temperature specification is 1000 ° C or higher) as a fire resistant fire barrier.

The test equipment and parameters used in this test were evaluated according to BSEN 1634-1 by "Integrity" and "Insulation". When the fire door is subjected to the BSEN1634-1 test for more than 1 hour to meet the requirements of BSEN1634-1 for "flame resistance and "heat resistance", the door is said to have the acceptable performance of 1 hour FRP under BSEN1634-1; The door lasts more than 2 When the hour meets the requirements of "flame resistance" and "heat resistance", it is said to have the qualified performance of 2 hours FRP under BSEN1634-1.

The methods for determining "flame resistance" and "heat resistance" are as follows:

Flame-retardant: Whether the non-measured surface (hereinafter referred to as the back surface) of the specimen (specimen) has a flame that continues to burn (indicating that the subject is burned through), whether the subject has a deformation sufficient to hinder escape, and is tested. Whether the body is damaged or not, the smoke can pass through to the back.

Heat resistance: Through the thermal couple placed on the back of the test object, it is known whether the back temperature rise is maintained below a certain threshold. According to BSEN1634-1, the average temperature rise of the back surface of the test object during the test period is required. Below 140 ° C, and the maximum increase must be less than 180 ° C, the standard is qualified.

The test results of this test example are shown in Table 1 below:

As can be seen from the above Table 1, the fireproof board of the present invention has the qualified performance of 2 hours FRP under BSEN1634-1. Compared with the conventional fire door core due to heat deformation or cracking, the fireproof plate of the present invention can be used to prevent fire from being formed by heat. The gap on the plate is completely filled by the adiabatic expansion layer, so using it as a fire door core can effectively prevent the flame or hot gas from passing through, thereby achieving the purpose of prolonging the FRP of the fire door produced. In addition, the fireproof board of the invention not only has the effect of long-term fire blocking, but also has the advantages of being light, thin and short, and the labor cost of the fireproof door made by using the same as the door core is greatly reduced, and the construction body is advantageously reduced. The dead load can indirectly contribute to the earthquake-proof cost of the building body, so the invention has high commercial value. Compared with the current fire door core market, the fireproof board of the present invention is obviously more in line with the market demand than the two-hour FRP fireproof performance. In particular, since the fireproof board of the present invention has an insulating function, it can also be applied as a heat insulating or heat insulating solution, which is extremely economical.

Claims (12)

A fireproof board comprising: a porous flame resistant layer having a first major surface, an opposite second major surface, and at least one slit, and the depth of the at least one slit is equal to the thickness of the porous flame resistant layer, And forming at least one slit on the first main surface and the second main surface respectively, wherein the porous flame-resistant layer is composed of a plurality of porous flame-resistant segments stacked in an NxM array, and the porous The flame-resistant joints are spaced apart from each other by the at least one slit, N and M are positive integers, N≧2, and M≧2; and an intumescent flame-retardant material is filled in the at least one slit, and An expanded carbon layer is formed when exposed to heat. The fireproof board of claim 1, further comprising: a flame resistant fire barrier layer covering the first main surface or the second main surface of the porous flame resistant layer. The fireproof board of claim 2, wherein the material of the flame resistant fire barrier layer comprises one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, cerium oxide, carbon fiber and metal. The fireproof board of claim 1, wherein the porous flame resistant layer is subjected to soaking treatment with water glass. The fireproof board of claim 1, wherein the intumescent flame retardant material comprises one of an intumescent fireproof mud, an intumescent flame retardant adhesive, and an intumescent flame retardant paint. The fireproof panel of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one slit is parallel to any edge of the porous flame resistant layer, and the gap adjacent to the edge The distance between the edges, or the distance between any two adjacent slits, does not exceed 1/2 of the length of either side of the porous flame resistant layer. The fireproof board according to any one of the items 1 to 5, wherein the material of the porous flame resistant layer is a closed cell type inorganic foaming material. The fireproof board of claim 7, wherein the closed-cell type inorganic foaming material comprises one of foamed cement, foamed glass and foamed ceramic. The fireproof board of the seventh aspect of the invention, wherein the closed-cell type inorganic foaming material is an outer wall heat insulating material. The fireproof board of claim 7, wherein the porous flame resistant layer has a porosity of 50% or more. The fireproof board of claim 10, wherein the porous flame resistant layer has a closed cell ratio of 50% or more. A fireproof door using the fireproof panel according to any one of claims 1 to 11 as a door core panel.