TWI627051B - Fused deposition modeling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smelting deposition molding apparatus comprising: at least one polymer material, at least one container, at least one nozzle, and a control device, wherein the container is provided with a heater; the nozzle has a spray hole; and the control device is electrically connected with the heater and the spray hole. The control signal is supplied to the heater; wherein the polymer material is introduced into the container, and the heater controls the heater to heat and melt the polymer material, and is controlled by the control device to extrude the molten polymer material from the nozzle hole.

Description

Fused deposition molding device

The present invention relates to a fused deposition molding apparatus, and more particularly to a fused deposition molding apparatus suitable for a fused deposition molding machine.

3D forming technology, also known as Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology, is fast, straightforward and fast, and can be used to accurately convert design ideas into functional prototypes or to make ready-to-use parts or finished products. Therefore, the product design can be quickly evaluated, modified and functionally tested, which greatly shortens the product development cycle, thus making 3D printing and molding technology widely favored.

However, in the rapid prototyping technology, there is a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique in which a conveying molding material is heated by a heater to form a molten liquid through a heater, and then a molten liquid molding material is extruded from an extrusion port to cool the stack. A three-dimensional molded product. However, when the molding material is heated, in order to make the molding material into a molten state, the temperature of the heater is usually quite high, so that excessive temperature and heat energy may affect the components around the heater. It is easy to cause damage, so if the heat energy generated by the heater cannot be effectively dissipated, the surrounding components and the overall service life of the fused deposition molding machine may be limited.

In view of the above, the present invention provides a smelting deposition molding apparatus having a container capable of withstanding high temperature, and having a plurality of heat conducting and heat dissipating structures in the container to assist in transferring the heat energy generated by the heater to the outside. Effective heat dissipation and extended fused deposition Life expectancy.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a smelting deposition molding apparatus through which a container capable of withstanding high temperature is accommodated, and the container has a plurality of structures of heat conduction and heat dissipation, which can solve the technical bottleneck of poor heat dissipation of the current fused deposition molding machine. .

In order to achieve the above object, a broader aspect of the present invention provides a smelting deposition molding apparatus suitable for a fused deposition molding machine comprising: at least one polymer material; at least one container having a heater therein; at least one nozzle And having a spray hole; and a control device electrically connected to the heater and the spray hole to provide a control signal to the heater; wherein at least one polymer material is introduced into the at least one container, and the control device controls the heater to be at least one high The molecular material is heated and melted and controlled by a control device to cause the molten polymer material to be extruded from the orifice.

1‧‧‧Fused deposition molding machine

10‧‧‧Fused deposition molding device

11‧‧‧ Polymer materials

11'‧‧‧Liquid polymer materials

12‧‧‧ Container

120‧‧‧ first opening

121‧‧‧heater

122‧‧‧Control device

123‧‧‧Fan

124‧‧‧Heat conduction fins

125‧‧‧Insulation tube

126‧‧‧Heat conduction channel

127‧‧‧ second opening

13‧‧‧ sprinkler

131‧‧‧ orifice

14‧‧‧Materials

15‧‧‧Drive wheel

16‧‧‧ feeder

17‧‧‧Loading tray

2‧‧‧Three-dimensional molding

1 is a schematic view of a fused deposition molding apparatus of a fused deposition forming (FDM) machine of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a container and a shower head of a fused deposition molding apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of a fused deposition forming (FDM) machine of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Some exemplary embodiments embodying the features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the following description. It is to be understood that the present invention is capable of various modifications in various aspects, and is not to be construed as a limitation.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 simultaneously. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fused deposition molding apparatus of a fused deposition molding (FDM) machine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a fused deposition molding of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the FDM) machine. As shown, the fused deposition molding (FDM) machine 1 (shown in FIG. 3) has components such as a fused deposition molding apparatus 10, a material crucible 14, a drive wheel 15, a feeder 16, and a carrier disk 17, but This is limited to this. The fused deposition molding apparatus 10 includes at least one polymer material 11, at least one container 12, at least one nozzle 13 and a control device 122. The container 12 is provided with a heater 121. The nozzle 13 has an injection hole 131, and the control device 122 The heater 121 and the injection hole 131 are electrically connected to provide a control signal to the heater 121; wherein at least one polymer material 11 is introduced into at least one container 12, and the heater 121 is controlled by the control device 122 to at least one polymer material 11 The mixture is heated and melted, and is controlled by the control device 122 to extrude the molten polymer material from the injection holes 131 to be stacked in layers to form a three-dimensional molded article 2.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the polymer material 11 may be, but is not limited to, a fine linear body, for example, a fine plastic wire, but is not limited thereto. Taking the embodiment as an example, the polymer material 11 has a diameter of 0.01 mm to 2.0 mm, and preferably has a diameter of 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm.

For example, the material of the polymer material 11 can be, but is not limited to, a thermoplastic polymer material, and the thermoplastic polymer material can be, but is not limited to, a plastic material and a supporting material. For example, the polymer material 11 The system is a polyvinyl chloride, a polyethylene, a polystyrene, a polyurethane, a polyamide, a polyoxymethylene, a cellulose plastic, a polytetrafluoroethylene, a polyimine, a A thermoplastic polymer material of at least one of polyphenylene sulfide and polypolycarbonate is used as a plastic material, but not limited thereto, or the polymer material 11 may be a polylactic acid (PLA) or a Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), butadiene-styrene (BS), acrylonitrile-styrene (AS), polyacetamide (PA), a nylon 6, a nylon 66 , polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), A nitrocellulose, a polyethylene terephthalate (PETE or PET), a polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a polypropylene (PP), a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), a modified A thermoplastic polymer material of at least one of polychlorobenzene (m-PPE) is used as a supporting material, but is not limited thereto.

Referring to FIG. 1 , as shown, the fused deposition molding machine 1 has a material crucible 14 for storing the polymer material 11 , and the polymer material 11 is driven by the drive wheel 15 and the feeder 16 to drive. It is delivered to the container 12. In some embodiments, the driving wheel 15 and the feeder 16 may also be a combined driving feeding device, which is mainly used as an auxiliary driving polymer material 11 for feeding and conveying, and the type thereof may be practical. Changes in the circumstances of the application are not limited to the two devices shown in this case.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 at the same time. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the container and the nozzle of the fused deposition molding apparatus of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present invention is exemplified by a single container 12, and at least one container 12 of the present invention may be composed of a plurality of containers 12 for introducing a plurality of polymer materials 11 into each container 12, in other words, the case The quantity and combination type of the container 12 can be changed according to the actual application situation, and is not limited thereto. Moreover, as shown, the container 12 is a housing structure, and the housing of each container 12 can be, but is not limited to, made of a metal material, or can be made of other materials that can withstand high temperatures. It is not limited thereto, and the main purpose is to make the container 12 can withstand high temperature without deformation or structural damage.

Referring to FIG. 2 , as shown in the figure, the top and bottom of the container 12 respectively have a first opening 120 and a second opening 127 for guiding the linear polymer material 11 into the input container 12 from the first opening 120 . And outputted from the second opening 127 outside the container 12. In some embodiments, the diameters of the first opening 120 and the second opening 127 are slightly larger than the diameter of the polymer material 11, but are not limited thereto. The nozzle 13 is disposed at the bottom of the container 12 and correspondingly disposed at the second opening 127 of the container 12, and communicates with the second opening 127. In this embodiment, The nozzle 13 can be, but is not limited to, a tapered conical hollow structure, and has an injection hole 131 at the end of the nozzle 13 for outputting the molten polymer material 11. In some embodiments, the diameter of the nozzle hole 131 is 0.05 to 0.2 mm, but is not limited thereto. In the present embodiment, the inside of the container 12 further has a heat insulating tube 125 and a heater 121. The heat insulating tube 125 is a tubular structure disposed between the first opening 120 and the second opening 127 and is connected to the first opening. 120, the second opening 127 is in communication, the auxiliary polymer material 11 is transported in the container 12, and the heat insulating tube 125 is further connected to the nozzle hole 131 of the nozzle 13 through the second opening 127, and the crucible can be high. The molecular material 11 is guided to the orifice 131.

In the present embodiment, the heater 121 is disposed inside the container 12 and disposed in the bottom region of the container 12 and adjacent to the heat insulating tube 125. When the polymer material 11 is guided through the heat insulating tube 125, the heater 11 is disposed. When it is to the heater 121, it can be heated and melted by the heater 121 to make it into a liquid state, and then the molten liquid polymer material 11' is transported downward to the nozzle hole 131 of the head 13 to output a liquid state. Polymer material 11'. In some embodiments, the heater 121 can be, but is not limited to, one of a thermal resistance heater, a laser heater, and a heater of other construction.

Referring to FIG. 2, as shown in the figure, in the embodiment, the control device 122 of the fused deposition molding apparatus 10 is also disposed in the container 12, but not limited thereto, and the control device 122 is adjacent to the heating. Above the device 121, and electrically connected to the heater 121 and the nozzle 131 of the showerhead 13, the heating temperature of the heater 121 can be controlled. For example, in the preferred embodiment, the control device 122 controls the heater 121. The heating temperature is between 100 and 300 degrees, but not limited thereto, the polymer material 11 is melted into a liquid state by the heating temperature, and then controlled by the control device 122 to melt the liquid molded wire 11" It can be extruded by the orifice 131.

In this embodiment, the container 12 has at least one heat conduction channel 126 and heat conduction fins 124, but is not limited thereto. The at least one heat conduction channel 126 can be, but is not limited to, a surrounding arrangement. a hollow channel structure around the periphery of the heat insulating tube 125, and In some embodiments, it may be disposed between the heat-conducting fins 124 and the heater 121, but not limited thereto, and is mainly used for heat conduction of the heat energy emitted by the heater 121, and transmits the heat energy to The heat conduction channel 126 is in communication with the heat conducting fins 124 to allow heat to perform heat exchange at the heat conducting fins 124; even in other embodiments, the container 12 further has a fan 123, and the fan 123 is disposed on Above the heat-conducting fins 124, but not limited thereto, the heat-conducting fins 124 are blown to assist the heat-conducting fins 124 to transfer heat energy more quickly, that is, the fan 124 can strengthen the heat-conducting fins 124. The heat exchange function is implemented to achieve the purpose of effective heat dissipation.

Referring to FIG. 3, as previously described, the fused deposition molding machine 1 includes components such as a fused deposition molding apparatus 10, a material crucible 14, a drive wheel 15, a feeder 16, and a carrier disk 17. The fused deposition molding apparatus 10 includes at least one polymer material 11 , at least one container 12 , at least one nozzle 13 , and a control device 122 . In the present embodiment, the polymer material 11 is output from the material 匣14, and is driven and guided by the driving wheel 15 and the feeder 16, so that the polymer material 11 is input into the container 12 from the first opening 120 of the container 12. And disposed in the heat insulating tube 125 of the container 12, is driven downwardly to the heater 121 through the driving of the driving wheel 15 and the feeder 16, and then controlled by the control device 122 to make the heater 121 to the polymer The material 11 is heated and melted to form a liquid polymer material 11', and is controlled by the control device 121 to extrude the molten liquid polymer material 11' from the nozzle hole 131 of the head 13 disposed under the container 12 onto the carrier tray 17. And stacking according to different cross-section patterns of each layer, and as the liquid polymer material 11' is naturally cooled and solidified, sequentially stacked and formed, a three-dimensional molded object 2 is stacked in layers. During the three-dimensional molding operation, components such as the heat conduction passages 126, the heat conduction fins 124, and the fan 123 in the container 12 are passed through, so that the heat energy generated when the heater 121 operates is transmitted upward, and the forced heat is exhausted through the fan 123. So that the thermal energy can be transmitted from the heat conduction fins 124, thereby achieving the purpose of effective heat dissipation.

In summary, the fused deposition molding apparatus of the present invention is mainly driven by a fused deposition molding machine. The wheel and the feeder feed the polymer material into the container, and the heater controls the heater to heat and melt, and outputs the molten liquid polymer material through the nozzle hole, and further penetrates the heat insulation provided in the container. Components such as tubes, heat-conducting channels, heat-conducting fins and fans enhance the heat exchange of the container and allow for efficient heat dissipation, thereby extending the life of the container and the fused deposition molding machine.

This case has been modified by people who are familiar with the technology, but it is not intended to be protected by the scope of the patent application.

Claims (12)

A smelting deposition molding apparatus, which is suitable for a fused deposition molding machine, comprising: at least one polymer material; at least one container having a heater, at least one heat conduction channel and a heat conduction fin, wherein the at least one heat conduction channel is provided Thermally radiating heat generated by the heater, the heat-conducting fin being connected to the at least one heat-conducting passage for performing heat exchange; at least one nozzle having an orifice; and a control device, and the heating The device is electrically connected to the nozzle to provide a control signal to the heater; wherein the at least one polymer material is introduced into the at least one container, and the heater controls the heater to heat the at least one polymer material Melting, and controlled by the control device to cause the molten polymer material to be extruded from the orifice. The fused deposition molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the polymer material is a thermoplastic polymer material, and the thermoplastic polymer material is a polyvinyl chloride, a polyethylene, a polystyrene, a poly At least one of a carbamate, a polyammoniumamine, a polyoxymethylene, a cellulose plastic, a polytetrafluoroethylene, a polyamidene, a polyphenylene sulfide, a polycarbonate, or a mixture thereof. The fused deposition molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the polymer material is a thermoplastic polymer material, and the thermoplastic polymer material is a polylactic acid (PLA), an acrylonitrile-butadiene-benzene. Ethylene (ABS), butadiene-styrene (BS), acrylonitrile-styrene (AS), polyacetamide (PA), a nylon 6, a nylon 66, a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), cellulose acetate, polyethylene terephthalate (PETE or PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), poly At least one of dibutyl terephthalate (PBT), a modified polychlorinated dimethylbenzene (m-PPE), or a mixture thereof. The fused deposition molding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one container is made of a metal material. The fused deposition molding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fused deposition molding machine further comprises a material 匣 and a feeder, the at least one polymer material being a shaped wire and stored in the material And feeding the input to the at least one container through the driving of the feeder. The fused deposition molding apparatus of claim 5, wherein the shaped wire has a diameter of between 0.01 mm and 2.0 mm. The fused deposition molding apparatus of claim 5, wherein the shaped wire has a diameter of between 0.1 mm and 1.0 mm. The fused deposition molding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one container further has a heat insulating tube and communicates with the injection hole for guiding the at least one polymer material to the nozzle hole. . The fused deposition molding apparatus of claim 8, wherein the heater is disposed at a bottom of the at least one container, and adjacent to the heat insulating tube, the at least one polymer material is guided through the heat insulating tube To the heater, the heater is heated and melted, and the molten polymer material is extruded from the nozzle hole. The fused deposition molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heater is one of a thermal resistance heater, a laser heater, and a heater of another structure. The fused deposition molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the orifice diameter is 0.05 to 0.2 mm. The fused deposition molding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one container further has a fan for reinforcing the heat-conducting fin to perform heat exchange.