TWI617291B - Method for reducing metal artifacts of computed tomography images - Google Patents
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Abstract
一種用於降低電腦斷層影像之金屬假影的方法，藉由一處理單元，將來自一雙源雙能量電腦斷層掃描器在一次掃描一含有金屬物的受檢物中所產生之第一組原始影像資料及第二組原始影像資料轉換成一第一影像資料矩陣及一第二影像資料矩陣，並根據該第一影像資料矩陣及該第二影像資料矩陣，利用減像技術及影像融合技術去除金屬假影資料後，獲得一相關於該受檢物之一電腦斷層掃描影像的第五影像資料矩陣，該第五影像資料矩陣中之每一矩陣元素的HU值係在一對應範圍中，最後，根據該第五影像資料矩陣，產生該受檢物之一電腦斷層掃描影像。A method for reducing metal artifacts of a computed tomography image by using a processing unit to generate a first set of originals from a dual source dual-energy computed tomography scanner in a scan of a metal-containing test object Converting the image data and the second set of original image data into a first image data matrix and a second image data matrix, and removing the metal by using the image subtraction technology and the image fusion technology according to the first image data matrix and the second image data matrix After the artifact data, a fifth image data matrix related to the computed tomography image of the object is obtained, and the HU value of each matrix element in the fifth image data matrix is in a corresponding range. Finally, And generating a computed tomography image of the object according to the fifth image data matrix.
Description
本發明是有關於電腦斷層影像，特別是指一種用於降低電腦斷層影像之金屬假影的方法。The present invention relates to computed tomography images, and more particularly to a method for reducing metal artifacts in computed tomography images.
一種現有電腦斷層（Computed Tomography；簡稱CT）掃描器是整合有兩套影像系統，並包含兩個互呈90度設置的X光管，而且是一種可同時使用單一能量或兩不同能量掃描的雙源雙能量CT(Dual Source Dual Energy CT)掃描器。A conventional Computed Tomography (CT) scanner is a combination of two imaging systems and two X-ray tubes arranged at 90 degrees, and is a dual-energy or dual-energy scan. Dual Dual Energy CT (Dual Source Dual Energy CT) scanner.
此雙源雙能量CT掃描器係可在一次掃描中同時獲得一受檢物的兩個分對應不同能量的影像以及之後經電腦重組後的一個雙能量融合影像。此雙源雙能量CT掃描器相較於習知單源CT掃描器，不僅此雙能量融合影像具有較高的對比度，而且在掃描中所產生的雜訊被降低，產生較好的影像品質。然而，在實際使用此雙源雙能量CT掃描器時，若該受檢物含有金屬材質，則所獲得的雙能量融合影像常含有金屬假影因而造成該受檢物的判讀錯誤。另一方面，此雙能量融合影像會隨著融合比例的改變而具有不同的對比度，進而影響其中所含之金屬假影的顯現。The dual-source dual-energy CT scanner can simultaneously obtain two images of a different object corresponding to different energies in one scan and a dual-energy fusion image reconstructed by a computer. Compared with the conventional single-source CT scanner, the dual-source dual-energy CT scanner not only has a high contrast ratio of the dual-energy fusion image, but also reduces the noise generated during scanning, resulting in better image quality. However, when the dual-source dual-energy CT scanner is actually used, if the test object contains a metal material, the obtained dual-energy fusion image often contains a metal artifact and thus causes a reading error of the test object. On the other hand, the dual-energy fusion image will have different contrasts as the fusion ratio changes, thereby affecting the appearance of the metal artifacts contained therein.
因此，如何研發出一種能達到降低電腦斷層影像之金屬假影的方法，便成為相關業者所欲努力研究的方向。Therefore, how to develop a method to reduce the metal artifacts of computerized tomographic images has become the direction that the relevant industry is trying to study.
因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種用於降低電腦斷層影像之金屬假影的方法。Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for reducing metal artifacts in computed tomography images.
於是，本發明用於降低電腦斷層影像之金屬假影的方法，藉由一處理單元來實施，該方法包含一步驟(A)、一步驟(B)、一步驟(C)、一步驟(D)，及一步驟(E)。Therefore, the method for reducing metal artifacts of a computed tomography image of the present invention is implemented by a processing unit, the method comprising a step (A), a step (B), a step (C), and a step (D) ), and one step (E).
該步驟(A)是當接收到來自一雙源雙能量電腦斷層掃描器並在一次掃描一含有金屬物的受檢物中所產生且分別對應於一第一能量與一高於該第一能量的第二能量之第一組原始影像資料及第二組原始影像資料時，將該第一組原始影像資料轉換成一第一影像資料矩陣，並將該第二組原始影像資料轉換成一第二影像資料矩陣，該第一與第二影像資料矩陣具有相同矩陣大小，該第一與第二影像資料矩陣之每一者中之每一矩陣元素的HU值係在一對應範圍中由一對應下限值與一對應上限值所定義出的範圍中；The step (A) is generated when a sample from a dual-source dual-energy computed tomography scanner is detected and scanned in a metal-containing object and corresponds to a first energy and a higher than the first energy, respectively. Converting the first set of original image data into a first image data matrix and converting the second set of original image data into a second image when the first set of original image data and the second set of original image data of the second energy a data matrix, the first and second image data matrices having the same matrix size, and the HU value of each matrix element in each of the first and second image data matrices is a corresponding lower limit in a corresponding range The value is within a range defined by a corresponding upper limit value;
該步驟(B)是利用減像技術，將該第一影像資料矩陣減去該第二影像資料矩陣而獲得一相關於該第一組原始影像資料中之金屬假影資料部分且具有相同於該第一與第二影像資料矩陣之矩陣大小的第三影像資料矩陣，該第三影像資料矩陣中之每一矩陣元素的HU值係在一對應範圍中；The step (B) is to subtract the second image data matrix from the first image data matrix by using a subtraction technique to obtain a metal artifact data portion associated with the first set of original image data and have the same a third image data matrix of a matrix size of the first and second image data matrices, wherein the HU value of each matrix element in the third image data matrix is in a corresponding range;
該步驟(C)是利用減像技術，將該第一影像資料矩陣減去該第三影像資料矩陣而獲得一相關於自該第一組原始影像資料扣除該金屬假影資料部分的剩餘影像資料部分的第四影像資料矩陣，該第四影像資料矩陣中之每一矩陣元素的HU值係在一對應範圍中；The step (C) is to subtract the third image data matrix from the first image data matrix by using a subtraction technique to obtain a residual image data related to subtracting the metal artifact data portion from the first group of original image data. a portion of the fourth image data matrix, wherein the HU value of each matrix element in the fourth image data matrix is in a corresponding range;
該步驟(D)是利用影像融合技術，將該第四影像資料矩陣與該第二影像資料矩陣相加而獲得一相關於該受檢物之一電腦斷層掃描影像的第五影像資料矩陣，該第五影像資料矩陣中之每一矩陣元素的HU值係在一對應範圍中；及The step (D) is to use an image fusion technique to add the fourth image data matrix and the second image data matrix to obtain a fifth image data matrix related to the computed tomography image of the object. The HU value of each matrix element in the fifth image data matrix is in a corresponding range; and
該步驟(E)是根據該第五影像資料矩陣，產生該受檢物之一電腦斷層掃描影像。The step (E) is to generate a computed tomography image of the object according to the fifth image data matrix.
本發明之功效在於：藉由該處理單元根據該第一與第二影像資料矩陣，利用減像技術及影像融合技術去除金屬假影資料部分後，獲得一相關於該受檢物之該電腦斷層掃描影像的第五影像資料矩陣，並根據該第五影像資料矩陣，產生該受檢物之去除影像假影資料部分的該電腦斷層掃描影像。The effect of the present invention is that the processing unit removes the metal artifact data portion by using the image subtraction technology and the image fusion technology according to the first and second image data matrices, and obtains a computer fault related to the object. Scanning a fifth image data matrix of the image, and generating, according to the fifth image data matrix, the computed tomography image of the image removal artifact data portion of the object.
參閱圖1，繪示本發明用於降低電腦斷層影像之金屬假影的方法之一實施例的流程。在本實施例中，一雙源雙能量電腦斷層掃描器(圖未示)，例如西門子(Siemens)公司所製造的一雙源電腦斷層掃描儀被用來掃描一含有金屬物的受檢物，以產生分別對應於一第一能量與一高於該第一能量的第二能量之第一組原始影像資料及第二組原始影像資料，並且一處理單元(圖未示)，例如西門子(Siemens)公司所屬的一電腦工作站被用來實施本實施例之方法。Referring to FIG. 1, a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for reducing metal artifacts of a computed tomography image of the present invention is illustrated. In this embodiment, a dual-source dual-energy computed tomography scanner (not shown), such as a dual-source computed tomography scanner manufactured by Siemens, is used to scan a metal-containing test object. Generating a first set of original image data and a second set of original image data respectively corresponding to a first energy and a second energy higher than the first energy, and a processing unit (not shown), such as Siemens (Siemens) A computer workstation to which the company belongs is used to implement the method of the embodiment.
值得注意的是，在本實施例中，該雙源雙能量電腦斷層掃描器是以雙能掃描模式掃描該受檢物，並利用卷積核函數矩陣（Convolution Kernel Matrix），進行減少雜訊、邊緣強化、影像平滑化(smooth)或是影像尖銳化(sharp)的處理，以獲得該第一組原始影像資料及該第二組原始影像資料。此外，該第一與第二能量例如分別為100仟伏特(kilovolts peak, kVp，亦稱為峰值電壓)及140kVp。It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the dual-source dual-energy computed tomography scanner scans the object in a dual-energy scanning mode, and uses a Convolution Kernel Matrix to reduce noise. Edge enhancement, image smoothing, or sharpening of the image to obtain the first set of original image data and the second set of original image data. Further, the first and second energies are, for example, 100 volts peaks (kVp, also referred to as peak voltage) and 140 kVp, respectively.
以下將配合圖1來詳細說明該處理單元如何執行該實施例之方法，該實施例之方法包含一步驟101、一步驟102、一步驟103、一步驟104，及一步驟105。The method of the embodiment is described in detail with reference to FIG. 1. The method of the embodiment includes a step 101, a step 102, a step 103, a step 104, and a step 105.
在步驟101中，該處理單元將該第一組原始影像資料轉換成一第一影像資料矩陣，並將該第二組原始影像資料轉換成一第二影像資料矩陣。值得注意的是，該第一與第二影像資料矩陣具有相同矩陣大小，並且該第一與第二影像資料矩陣之每一者中之每一矩陣元素的HU值係在一由一下限值與一上限值所定義出的對應範圍中。In step 101, the processing unit converts the first set of original image data into a first image data matrix, and converts the second set of original image data into a second image data matrix. It should be noted that the first and second image data matrices have the same matrix size, and the HU value of each matrix element in each of the first and second image data matrices is determined by a lower limit value. A corresponding range defined by the upper limit value.
在步驟102中，由於藉由該第一能量(即，相對較低的100kVp)所獲得的該第一組原始影像資料，相較於由該第二能量(即，相對較高的140kVp)所獲得的該第二組原始影像資料，含有較多的金屬假影部分，該處理單元利用減像技術(Subtraction technique)，將該第一影像資料矩陣減去該第二影像資料矩陣而獲得一相關於該第一組原始影像資料中之金屬假影資料部分及其他組織資料部分的第三影像資料矩陣。同樣地，該第三影像資料矩陣與該第一及第二影像資料矩陣具有相同矩陣大小，並且該第三影像資料矩陣中之每一矩陣元素的HU值係在一對應範圍中。In step 102, the first set of original image data obtained by the first energy (ie, a relatively low 100 kVp) is compared to the second energy (ie, a relatively high 140 kVp) The obtained second set of original image data contains a plurality of metal artifact portions, and the processing unit uses a Subtraction technique to subtract the second image data matrix from the first image data matrix to obtain a correlation. A third image data matrix of the metal artifact data portion of the first set of original image data and other tissue data portions. Similarly, the third image data matrix has the same matrix size as the first and second image data matrices, and the HU value of each matrix element in the third image data matrix is in a corresponding range.
舉例而言，根據步驟102中所用的減像技術，該處理單元係藉由以下方式來定義出對於該第三影像資料矩陣之每一矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍。首先，該處理單元係藉由將該第一影像資料矩陣之一對應矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該下限值減去該第二影像資料矩陣之一對應矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該上限值而獲得一差值，並將該差值作為該第三影像資料矩陣之該矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍的一下限值。接者，該處理單元係藉由將該第一影像資料矩陣之該矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該上限值減去該第二影像資料矩陣之該對應矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該下限值而獲得一差值，並將該差值作為該第三影像資料矩陣之該矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍的一上限值。For example, according to the subtraction technique used in step 102, the processing unit defines the range corresponding to the HU value of each matrix element of the third image data matrix by the following manner. First, the processing unit subtracts the HU value of the corresponding matrix element of one of the second image data matrices by subtracting one of the first image data matrices from the lower limit value in the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element A difference value is obtained corresponding to the upper limit value in the range, and the difference value is used as a lower limit value of the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element of the third image data matrix. Receiving, the processing unit subtracts the HU value of the corresponding matrix element of the second image data matrix by using the upper limit value in the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element of the first image data matrix And obtaining a difference value corresponding to the lower limit value in the range, and using the difference value as an upper limit value of the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element of the third image data matrix.
在步驟103中，該處理單元利用減像技術，將該第一影像資料矩陣減去該第三影像資料矩陣而獲得一相關於自該第一組原始影像資料扣除該金屬假影資料部分及其他組織資料部份的剩餘影像資料部分的第四影像資料矩陣，該第四影像資料矩陣中之每一矩陣元素的HU值係在一對應範圍中。In step 103, the processing unit subtracts the third image data matrix from the first image data matrix by using a subtraction technique to obtain a portion related to subtracting the metal artifact data from the first group of original image data and other The fourth image data matrix of the remaining image data portion of the tissue data portion, and the HU value of each matrix element in the fourth image data matrix is in a corresponding range.
同樣地，根據步驟103所用的減像技術，相似於步驟102中所用者，該處理單元係藉由以下方式來定義出對於該第四影像資料矩陣之每一矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍。首先，該處理單元係藉由將該第一影像資料矩陣之一對應矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該下限值減去該第三影像資料矩陣之一對應矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該上限值而獲得一差值，並將該差值作為該第四影像資料矩陣之該矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍的一下限值。接者，該處理單元係藉由將該第一影像資料矩陣之該矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該上限值減去該第三影像資料矩陣之該對應矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該下限值而獲得一差值並將該差值作為該第四影像資料矩陣之該矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍的一上限值。Similarly, according to the subtraction technique used in step 103, similar to the one used in step 102, the processing unit defines the HU value corresponding to each matrix element of the fourth image data matrix by the following manner. range. First, the processing unit subtracts the HU value of the corresponding matrix element of one of the third image data matrices by subtracting one of the first image data matrices from the lower limit value in the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element. A difference value is obtained corresponding to the upper limit value in the range, and the difference value is used as a lower limit value of the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element of the fourth image data matrix. Receiving, the processing unit subtracts the HU value of the corresponding matrix element of the third image data matrix by using the upper limit value in the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element of the first image data matrix Corresponding to the lower limit value in the range, a difference is obtained and the difference is used as an upper limit value of the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element of the fourth image data matrix.
在步驟104中，因為該第四影像資料矩陣相對上少了一次該第二影像資料矩陣的其他組織資料部分，所以該處理單元利用影像融合技術(Fusion technique)，將該第四影像資料矩陣與該第二影像資料矩陣相加，以補強在步驟103被扣除的其他組織資料部分，並獲得一相關於該受檢物之一電腦斷層掃描影像的第五影像資料矩陣，該第五影像資料矩陣中之每一矩陣元素的HU值係在一對應範圍中。In step 104, because the fourth image data matrix is relatively less than another tissue data portion of the second image data matrix, the processing unit uses a fusion technique to integrate the fourth image data matrix with The second image data matrix is added to reinforce the other tissue data portions deducted in step 103, and obtain a fifth image data matrix related to the computed tomography image of the object, the fifth image data matrix. The HU values of each of the matrix elements are in a corresponding range.
舉例而言，根據步驟104中所用的影像融合技術，該處理單元係藉由以下方式來定義出對於該第五影像資料矩陣之每一矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍。首先，該處理單元將該第四影像資料矩陣之一對應矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該下限值加上該第二影像資料矩陣之一對應矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該下限值而獲得一和值，並將該和值作為該第五影像資料矩陣之該矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍的一下限值。接者，該處理單元係藉由將該第四影像資料矩陣之該矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該上限值加上該第二影像資料矩陣之該對應矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該上限值而獲得一和值，並將該和值作為該第五影像資料矩陣之該矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍的上限值。For example, according to the image fusion technology used in step 104, the processing unit defines the range corresponding to the HU value of each matrix element of the fifth image data matrix by the following manner. First, the processing unit adds the lower limit value in the range corresponding to the HU value of one of the fourth image data matrices to the HU value corresponding to the matrix element of one of the second image data matrices. The lower limit value in the range is obtained as a sum value, and the sum value is used as a lower limit value of the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element of the fifth image data matrix. The processing unit is configured to add the upper limit value in the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element of the fourth image data matrix to the HU value of the corresponding matrix element of the second image data matrix. A sum value is obtained for the corresponding upper limit value in the range, and the sum value is used as an upper limit value of the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element of the fifth image data matrix.
在步驟105中，該處理單元根據該第五影像資料矩陣，產生該受檢物之一電腦斷層掃描影像。該電腦斷層掃描影像具有多個分別對應於該第五影像資料矩陣之該等矩陣元素的像素，在本實施例中，對於該電腦斷層掃描影像的每一像素之HU值，該處理單元係藉由將該第五影像資料矩陣之一對應矩陣元素之HU值所對應的該範圍中的該下限值與該上限值平均後而獲得，但在其他實施例中，不同的像素點取法有不同的算法，不以此為限。In step 105, the processing unit generates a computed tomography image of the object according to the fifth image data matrix. The computed tomography image has a plurality of pixels respectively corresponding to the matrix elements of the fifth image data matrix. In this embodiment, the processing unit is used for the HU value of each pixel of the computed tomography image. Obtaining the lower limit value in the range corresponding to the HU value of the matrix element corresponding to one of the fifth image data matrices and the upper limit value, but in other embodiments, different pixel points are obtained. Different algorithms are not limited to this.
綜上所述，由於該第二影像資料矩陣中含有相對較少的金屬假影資料部分，且該第三影像資料矩陣係相關於該第一組原始影像資料中之金屬假影資料部分及其他組織資料部分，並且該第四影像資料係相關於自該第一組原始影像資料扣除該金屬假影資料部分及其他組織資料部份後所剩餘的影像資料部分，所以由該第二及第四影像資料矩陣所融合的該第五影像資料矩陣中確實僅含有相對較低的金屬假影資料部分。如此，根據該第五影像資料矩陣所產生之該受檢物之該電腦斷層掃描影像確實能有效降低金屬假影。因此，本發明之方法確實能達成本發明之目的。In summary, the second image data matrix contains relatively few metal artifact data portions, and the third image data matrix is related to the metal artifact data portion of the first group of original image data and other Organizing the data portion, and the fourth image data is related to the portion of the image data remaining after subtracting the metal artifact data portion and other tissue data portions from the first group of original image data, so the second and fourth portions are The fifth image data matrix fused by the image data matrix does only contain relatively low metal artifact data portions. Thus, the computed tomography image of the object generated according to the fifth image data matrix can effectively reduce metal artifacts. Thus, the method of the present invention does achieve the object of the present invention.
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and all the equivalent equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the patent application and the patent specification of the present invention are still The scope of the invention is covered.
101~105‧‧‧步驟101~105‧‧‧Steps
本發明之其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中： 圖1是一流程圖，說明本發明用於降低電腦斷層影像之金屬假影的方法的一實施例。Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the embodiments of the present invention, wherein: Figure 1 is a flow chart illustrating an embodiment of the method of the present invention for reducing metal artifacts in computed tomography images. .
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