TWI693356B - Brake mechanism for winch - Google Patents

Abstract

A brake mechanism for winch of the present invention includes a reduction mechanism and a planetary gear reduction mechanism. The reduction mechanism has a first gear with inner teeth, a transmission gear disposed adjacent to the first gear, a sun gear disposed between the first gear and the transmission gear, and a plurality of first planetary gears. The number of teeth of the first gear is different than that of a second inner gear teeth portion of the transmission gear. The planetary gear mechanism has a second gear with inner gear teeth, a planetary gear bracket, and a plurality of second planetary gears. A first pinion of the transmission gear meshes with the second planetary gears. The planetary gear bracket has a second pinion disposed on a lateral side opposing to the reduction mechanism. The present invention has a compact structure which reduces the number of components.

Description

Reducer and winch using the reducer

The invention is a winch machine, the internal speed reducer uses fewer parts and has the characteristics of self-locking.

The winch that is traditionally used to pull heavy objects (such as vehicles to be rescued) uses a planetary gear reducer inside the reducer. Although the traditional planetary gear reducer has the characteristics of heavy load, its reduction ratio is relatively low. Therefore, in order to achieve a sufficient reduction ratio, the structure of the conventional reducer inside the winch usually needs to use a third-order planetary gear reducer. However, it is well known that the use of a third-order planetary gear reducer requires the use of more components (such as sun gears, planetary gears and ring gears, etc.), and in order to prevent the winch from being suddenly powered off during operation Due to the danger of heavy objects sliding backwards due to their own gravity, the reducer usually needs to design a brake system to lock the reducer when the power is turned off. As a result, the winch will also use more components, which will increase the overall manufacturing cost.

One of the objects of the present invention is to improve the lack of the prior art, and then propose a reducer, which can use fewer components but can achieve the same or better deceleration effect.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a reducer for a winch, which has a self-locking function.

The reason is that a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention has a tooth difference speed reduction mechanism and a planetary speed reduction mechanism. Among them, the tooth difference reduction mechanism includes a first internal ring gear, a transmission A moving gear, a sun gear and a plurality of first planet gears. The first inner ring gear has a first inner ring gear portion, the transmission gear system is coaxially arranged with the first inner ring gear and includes a second inner ring gear portion and a first output gear shaft oppositely arranged, the second inner ring gear The ring tooth portion is adjacent to the first inner ring tooth portion, and the number of teeth of the first inner ring tooth portion is different from the number of teeth of the second inner ring tooth portion. The sun gear is drivably provided in the first inner ring tooth portion and the second inner ring tooth portion. The first planetary gears are provided between the sun gear and the first and second inner ring teeth, and each first planetary gear completely engages the sun gear and the first and second inner ring teeth at the same time.

The planetary reduction mechanism includes a second ring gear, a planet carrier and a plurality of second planet gears. Wherein, the second inner ring gear has a third inner ring tooth portion, the first output gear shaft extends into the second inner gear ring, and the first output gear shaft and the second inner gear ring are arranged coaxially. The planet carrier is arranged in the second inner ring gear, and the planet carrier is provided with a second output gear shaft on the side facing away from the tooth difference reduction mechanism. The second planet gears are rotatably provided on the planet carrier and located between the first output gear shaft and the third inner ring gear portion, and each second planet gear meshes with the first output gear shaft and the third inner ring gear portion .

Through the structural design of the above-mentioned speed reducer, since the reduction ratio of the tooth-difference reduction mechanism is usually larger than that of the planetary reduction mechanism, it can be sufficient to achieve an effective deceleration effect by using only one set of tooth-difference reduction mechanisms and one set of planetary reduction mechanisms. Compared with the prior art, the above reducer uses fewer parts and can achieve the same or even better deceleration effect. In addition, the use of tooth-difference reduction mechanism has the characteristics of self-locking, so the use of the reducer does not need to design other brake structures, and it can save the parts needed for the brake structure.

In addition, the present invention also provides a winch, which includes a housing, a speed reducer, a cable spool, and a motor. Wherein, the housing has an opening, the reducer is disposed in the housing, and the first and second ring gears are fixedly connected to the housing. One end of the cable spool is connected to the second output gear shaft so that the cable The wire spool can be driven to rotate by the second output gear shaft. The motor has a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is coaxially fixed to the sun gear.

In one aspect, both the first output gear shaft and the second output gear shaft are hollow. The rotating shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the sun gear through the inside of the second output gear shaft and the first output gear shaft, thereby driving the sun gear to rotate.

In another aspect, the outer ring surface of the first inner ring gear is provided with at least one first engaging portion, the winch further includes a clutch member, the clutch member is provided on the housing and has a second engaging portion, the second The engaging portion is located in the housing, and the clutch member can be changed between an engaged position and an unengaged position (for example, rotated or moved between the engaged position and the non-engaged position). When the clutch member is in the engaging position, the second engaging portion will engage the first engaging portion, so that the first ring gear is fixed to the housing and the first ring gear cannot be rotated; In the engaged position, the second engaging portion does not engage the first engaging portion, so that the first ring gear can be rotated, thereby allowing the tooth difference reduction mechanism to assume an idle state without outputting the deceleration effect.

In another aspect, the inner wall of the housing is further provided with a ring tooth projection, and the second inner ring gear is detachably engaged with the ring tooth projection.

1: winch machine

10: Reducer

20: Tooth difference reduction mechanism

21: The first ring gear

211: The first inner ring tooth

212: The first engaging part

22: Transmission gear

221: second inner ring tooth

222: first output gear shaft

223: through hole

23: Sun gear

24: First planetary gear

25: planet carrier

30: Planetary reduction mechanism

31: Second ring gear

311: third inner ring tooth

32: planet carrier

321: Second output gear shaft

322: through hole

33: Second planet gear

40: clutch parts

41: Second engagement part

42: handle

50: shell

51: The first shell

52: second shell

521: Ring tooth bump

53: opening

60: cable spool

61: Steel cable

62: hook

70: Motor

71: shaft

81: Waterproof washer

82: Retaining ring

a1-a4: angle

The detailed structure, characteristics, assembly or use of the reducer will be described in the following embodiments, however, it should be understood that the embodiments and drawings to be described below are only for illustrative purposes and should not be used Limiting the scope of patent application of the present invention, wherein: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the winch of the embodiment; FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 1, which omits a part of the cable spool and motor of the winch; 3 and 4 are exploded views of FIG. 2; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2; FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 from another angle, omitting the drawing of the first shell; FIG. 7 is a partial enlargement of FIG. Figure; Figure 8 is a perspective enlarged view of the clutch; Figures 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B are schematic diagrams of the action of the clutch, wherein Figures 9A and 10A are used to illustrate the situation where the clutch is in the engaged position. 9B and FIG. 10B are used to explain the situation where the clutch member is located at the non-engaging position; FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second shell member and the second ring gear.

The following describes the technical content and features of the present invention in detail with reference to several embodiments and drawings. The "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top", Directional adjectives such as "bottom" are just examples of descriptions based on the normal direction of use, and are not intended to limit the scope of the claim.

In order to explain the technical features of the present invention in detail, one of the following embodiments is described below with reference to the drawings. Among them: As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the winch 1 shown in the embodiments includes a motor 70, a The cable spool 60, a housing 50 and a reducer 10 disposed in the housing 50. The motor 70 is provided on one side of the cable spool 60, and the housing 50 and the speed reducer 10 are provided on the other side of the cable spool 60. The cable spool 60 is hollow, and the cable spool 60 is used for winding a steel cable 61. The end of the steel cable 61 is provided with a hook 62, which can be used to connect a heavy object (such as a car to be rescued) ).

The housing 50 has a first shell 51, a second shell 52 and an opening 53. The first shell 51 and the second shell 52 are locked together by a plurality of screws, and the opening 53 is located in the second shell Piece 52. The motor 70 has a rotating shaft 71 that extends into the housing 50 through the interior of the cable bobbin 60 and the opening 53 of the housing 50 to drive the speed reducer 10. The reducer 10 has a second output gear shaft 321, and one end of the cable spool 60 extends into the housing 50 through the opening 53 and directly engages the second output gear shaft 321, so when the second output gear shaft 321 rotates At this time, the cable spool 60 can be driven to rotate synchronously to wind the steel cable 61, thereby pulling the heavy object. In addition, the winch 1 is also provided with a clutch member 40, which is rotatably provided in the housing 50, and one end of the clutch member 40 extends into the housing 50. The following paragraphs will describe in detail the specific structures and operation modes of the speed reducer 10 and the clutch 40.

Please refer to Figures 3 to 5. The reducer 10 includes a tooth-difference reduction mechanism 20 and a planetary reduction mechanism 30. Among them, the tooth difference reduction mechanism 20 is provided in the first shell 51, and the planetary reduction mechanism 30 is provided in the second shell 52.

The tooth difference reduction mechanism 20 includes a first ring gear 21, a transmission gear 22, a sun gear 23, and three first planet gears 24. The first inner ring gear 21 is rotatably disposed in the first shell 51, a first inner ring tooth portion 211 is provided on the inner ring surface and ten first engaging portions 212 are provided at an equal angle on the outer ring surface. The first inner ring tooth portion 211 has 51 teeth, and each first engaging portion 212 has an arc-shaped groove structure. The transmission gear 22 is disposed coaxially with the first inner ring gear 21, and its structure includes a second inner ring tooth portion 221 and a first output gear shaft 222 that are oppositely arranged, and the second inner ring tooth portion 221 is adjacent to The first inner ring tooth portion 211 and the first output tooth shaft 222 are convex toward the second shell 52. The second inner ring tooth 221 has fifty-four teeth, and the first output tooth shaft 222 has eighteen teeth, so it can be seen that the number of teeth of the first inner ring tooth 211 is different from the number of teeth of the second inner ring tooth 221 . In addition, a through hole 223 is provided in the center of the first output gear shaft 222. The through hole 223 communicates with the inside of the second inner ring tooth portion 221, allowing the rotating shaft 71 to extend into the transmission gear 22 and the first inner ring gear 21 (see Figure 5).

The sun gear 23 has fifteen teeth and is coaxially sleeved with the rotating shaft 71 of the motor 70. The cross section of the rotating shaft 71 is a regular hexagon, so that the sun gear 23 can be driven to rotate by the motor 70. The sun gear 23 is provided in the first inner ring tooth portion 211 and the second inner ring tooth portion 221. The three first planet gears 24 are rotatably provided on a planet carrier 25, and the three first planet gears 24 are provided at equal angles between the sun gear 23 and the first and second inner ring teeth 211, 221, And each first planetary gear 24 completely meshes the sun gear 23 and the first and second inner ring teeth 211, 221 at the same time.

It should be noted that the sun gear 23, the first ring gear 21 and the transmission gear 22 are all coaxially disposed. In addition, a waterproof washer 81 and a fixing ring 82 are also provided between the tooth difference reduction mechanism 20 and the planetary reduction mechanism 30. The waterproof gasket 81 is provided at the boundary between the first shell member 51 and the second shell member 52 to avoid water The interior of the housing 50 enters through the boundary between the first and second housing members 51,52. The fixing ring 82 is used to fix the planetary reduction mechanism 30 in the second shell 52.

Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 from another angle. From the above paragraphs, it can be seen that the number of teeth of the first inner ring tooth portion 211 (the portion shown with hatching) is 51 teeth and the second inner ring tooth portion 221 (mostly hidden behind the first inner ring tooth portion 211) The number of teeth is 54. Under the design of the number of teeth, the teeth of the first inner ring tooth portion 211 and the second inner ring tooth portion 221 are completely coincident only at three angles a1-a3. Therefore, when the three first planetary gears 24 are just teeth that mesh with the three angles a1-a3, the first planetary gears 24 completely mesh with the first and second inner ring teeth 211,221 (It should be noted that FIG. 6 is only an exemplary illustration of the angles a1-a3 to achieve full meshing. Under other different designs of the number of teeth of the first and second inner ring teeth 211,221, the angle of achieving full meshing may be It is different, so it should not be limited to FIG. 6 of this embodiment). Therefore, when the sun gear 23 is driven by the rotating shaft 71 to rotate, the sun gear 23 will push the first planetary gear 24 to rotate, for example, when the first planetary gear 24 turns from the angle a1 to the angle a4, that is, from the fully meshed teeth To another adjacent tooth (see Figure 7), at this time the second inner ring tooth 221 is located at the angle The teeth corresponding to the teeth of degree a4 do not completely coincide with the teeth corresponding to the first inner ring tooth portion 211. In the above case, if the first inner ring gear 21 having the first inner ring tooth portion 211 is fixed, since the teeth corresponding to the second inner ring tooth portion 221 do not completely coincide with the teeth corresponding to the first inner ring tooth portion 211, The first planetary gear 24 will slightly push the second inner ring tooth portion 221 to produce a slight rotation of the first output gear shaft 222 to achieve the deceleration effect. In this embodiment, the reduction ratio of the tooth-difference reduction mechanism 20 is 79.2.

As for how to fix the first ring gear 21, this embodiment is achieved by the clutch 40. Please refer to Figure 3, Figure 5 and Figure 8. The clutch member 40 is a first shell member 51 rotatably provided on the housing 50. The clutch member 40 structurally includes a second engaging portion 41 and a handle 42 integrally connected, and the second engaging portion 41 is located in the first Within a shell 51. The clutch member 40 can rotate between an engaged position (see FIG. 9A) and a non-engaged position (see FIG. 9B). When the clutch member 40 is located at the engaged position, the second engaging portion 41 will engage one of them The first engaging portion 212 (see FIG. 10A) enables the first ring gear 21 to be fixed to the first shell member 51; when the clutch member 40 is in the non-engaging position, the second engaging portion 41 will not engage any A first engaging portion 212 (as shown in FIG. 10B), at this time, the tooth-difference reduction mechanism 20 will assume an idle state without deceleration effect, which is convenient for the user to pull the steel cable 61 from the cable spool 60.

The planetary reduction mechanism 30 will be described below, please return to FIGS. 2 to 5. The planetary reduction mechanism 30 includes a second ring gear 31, a planet carrier 32 and three second planet gears 33. Among them, the second inner ring gear 31 is fixed in the second shell 52 (as shown in FIG. 5), the inner ring surface of the second inner ring gear 31 is provided with a third inner ring tooth portion 311, the first output gear shaft 222 extends It is inserted into the second ring gear 31, and the first output gear shaft 222 and the second ring gear 31 are arranged coaxially. The number of teeth of the third inner ring tooth portion 311 is forty-eight. It is worth mentioning that in this embodiment, a ring tooth projection 521 is provided on the inner wall of the second shell 52 (see FIG. 11), and the second inner ring gear 31 passes between it and the ring tooth projection 521 Engagement relationship and fixed to the second shell 52, which can facilitate the production line of the second internal teeth The ring 31 is assembled in the second shell 52, and in the manufacturing of the parts, the second shell 52 and the second internal ring gear 31 can also be manufactured by powder metallurgy, respectively, to reduce the complexity of component manufacturing.

The planet carrier 32 is disposed in the second inner ring gear 31, and the planet carrier 32 is provided with a second output gear shaft 321 on the side facing away from the differential gear reduction mechanism 20 (that is, the second output gear shaft 321 faces the opening 53, see 5), the number of teeth of the second output gear shaft 321 is twenty teeth, and the center of the second output gear shaft 321 also has a through hole 322, allowing the rotating shaft 71 of the motor 70 to pass through the through hole 322 of the second output gear shaft 321 and the first A through hole 223 of the output gear shaft 222 extends into the first ring gear 21 and the transmission gear 22. The second planet gears 33 are rotatably provided on the planet carrier 32 and located between the first output gear shaft 222 and the third inner ring tooth portion 311. The first output gear shaft 222 is inserted into the planet carrier 32, each second The planetary gear 33 engages the first output gear shaft 222 and the third inner ring tooth portion 311 at the same time, and the number of teeth of the second planetary gear 33 is fifteen. In this embodiment, the reduction ratio of the planetary reduction mechanism 30 is 3.42, and the total reduction ratio of the winch 1 in this embodiment is about 270. The planetary reduction mechanism 30 and the tooth difference reduction mechanism 20 enable the winch 1 to achieve an appropriate Slowing effect.

In actual operation, when the user wants to use the winch 1 to drag a heavy object, the user can rotate the clutch member 40 to the non-engaging position (as shown in FIG. 9B), and the second engaging portion of the clutch member 40 is now 41 does not engage the first engaging portion 212 of the first inner ring gear 21 (as shown in FIG. 10B), so that the entire tooth reduction mechanism is in an idle state, which is convenient for the user to pull the steel cable 61 from the cable spool 60 to The steel cable 61 is hung on a heavy object. After that, the user can rotate the clutch member 40 to the engaging position (as shown in FIG. 9A), so that the second engaging portion 41 of the clutch member 40 is engaged with the first engaging portion 212 of the first ring gear 21 (as shown in FIG. 9A) 10A), by fixing the first ring gear 21, the user can start the motor 70, rotate the rotating shaft 71 by the motor 70, and gradually wind the cable under the deceleration of the tooth difference reduction mechanism 20 and the planetary reduction mechanism 30 Spool 60 and pull the heavy object.

Since the reduction ratio of the tooth-difference reduction mechanism 20 is generally larger than that of the planetary reduction mechanism 30, this embodiment reduces the reduction ratio by using a group of tooth-difference reduction mechanisms 20 and a group of planetary reduction mechanisms 30 The speed ratio is equivalent to (or even greater than) the reduction ratio of the speed reducer combined using the three sets of planetary reduction mechanisms 30. Therefore, it can be seen that the winch machine 1 of this embodiment can achieve the same or even higher reduction ratio under the condition of using a smaller number of components.

On the other hand, when the motor 70 is suddenly powered off for some reason, the rotation of the rotating shaft 71 and the sun gear 23 sleeved on the rotating shaft 71 stops. At this time, the first planetary gear 24 of the tooth difference reduction mechanism 20 does not rotate. As described in the previous paragraph (please refer to FIG. 7 for cooperation), the first planetary gear 24 completely meshes the first ring gear 21 and the transmission gear 22 at the same time, and the external force cannot push the first ring gear 21 and the transmission gear 22 circumferentially . That is to say, the tooth-difference reduction mechanism 20 of this embodiment has a self-locking characteristic. In the case where the above-mentioned motor 70 is powered off, the heavy object cannot slide in the reverse direction due to its own gravity, which increases safety in use. Sex.

The above are only the embodiments listed in the present invention, and all changes and modifications made within the scope of the patent application shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

1: winch machine

40: clutch parts

50: shell

51: The first shell

52: second shell

60: cable spool

61: Steel cable

62: hook

70: Motor

Claims (8)

A reducer, including: A tooth difference speed reduction mechanism, including: A first inner ring gear with a first inner ring tooth; A transmission gear is arranged coaxially with the first inner ring gear and includes a second inner ring tooth portion and a first output gear shaft disposed oppositely, the second inner ring tooth portion is adjacent to the first inner ring The tooth portion, the number of teeth of the first inner ring tooth portion is different from the number of teeth of the second inner ring tooth portion; A sun gear that can be drivenly disposed in the first inner ring tooth portion and the second inner ring tooth portion; A plurality of first planet gears are provided between the sun gear and the first and second inner ring teeth, and each of the first planet gears completely meshes the sun gear and the first and second inner ring teeth at the same time Department; and A planetary reduction mechanism, including: A second inner ring gear with a third inner ring gear, wherein the first output gear shaft extends into the second inner gear ring, and the first output gear shaft and the second inner gear ring are coaxial Set up A planet carrier is provided in the second inner ring gear, and a side of the planet carrier facing away from the tooth difference reduction mechanism is provided with a second output gear shaft; A plurality of second planet gears are rotatably provided on a planet carrier and located between the first output gear shaft and the third inner ring tooth portion, each second planet gear meshes with the first output gear shaft and the The third inner ring tooth. The speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the speed reduction can be combined with a motor having a rotating shaft, and the sun gear is coaxially sleeved with the rotating shaft. The reducer according to claim 2, wherein the second output gear shaft and the first output gear shaft are both hollow, and the rotating shaft passes through the second output gear shaft and the first output gear shaft and is fixed Connect the sun gear. A winch machine, including: A casing with an opening; The speed reducer according to claim 1, is provided in the housing, wherein the first and second ring gears are fixedly connected to the housing; A cable spool, one end of which is connected to the second output gear shaft, so that the cable spool can be driven and rotated by the second output gear shaft; A motor has a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is coaxially sleeved with the sun gear. The winch according to claim 4, wherein the second output gear shaft and the first output gear shaft are both hollow, and the rotating shaft passes through the second output gear shaft and the first output gear shaft and is fixed Connect the sun gear. The winch machine according to claim 4, wherein the outer ring surface of the first inner ring gear is provided with at least a first engaging portion, and the winch machine further includes a clutch member, the clutch member is movably disposed on the shell The body also has a second engaging portion in the housing, the clutch member can move between an engaging position and a non-engaging position, when the clutch member is located at the engaging position, the second engaging portion The at least one first engaging portion is engaged, so that the first ring gear is fixed to the housing; when the clutch member is in the non-engaging position, the second engaging portion does not engage the at least one first Engagement department. The winch machine according to claim 4, wherein the inner wall of the casing is further provided with a ring tooth projection, and the second inner ring gear is detachably engaged with the ring tooth projection. The winch according to claim 4, wherein one end of the cable spool extends into the housing through the opening and is connected to the second output gear shaft, so that the cable shaft can be synchronized with the second output gear shaft Turn.

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