TWI690111B - Protection element and its battery pack - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a protective element and a battery pack thereof. The protective element includes: an insulating outer casing; a plurality of terminal electrodes, including a first terminal electrode, a second terminal electrode, and a third terminal electrode, the terminal electrodes respectively penetrate the insulating outer casing, And are respectively supported by the insulating outer shell; the elastic element is arranged in the insulating outer shell, and the two ends of the elastic element are electrically connected to the first end electrode and the second end electrode, respectively, for the first end of the protection element A first bidirectional current path is provided between the electrode and the second terminal electrode; a fusible conductor, arranged in the insulating housing; and a first heat generating component, arranged in the insulating housing, the fusible conductor and the first heat generating The two components are electrically connected in series with each other between the first bidirectional current path and the third terminal electrode.

Description

Protection element and its battery pack

The present invention relates to a protection element and its battery pack, and in particular to a protection element with over-current, over-voltage or over-temperature protection function, and a protection element and battery pack that can withstand high charge and discharge current.

In the previous protection devices, the terminal electrodes are mostly arranged on the substrate, and the fusible conductors are arranged on the terminal electrodes. In the future, the instantaneous working current applied to the motor is quite high, even higher than 50A, and the terminal is provided on the substrate. Neither the electrode nor the substrate can withstand the flow of such a large abnormal current. Even the end electrode and the substrate will be melted or broken due to the high heat and high pressure generated by the fusible conductor at the moment of fusing. In addition, if the fusible conductor can withstand the working current or rated current between 30A~100A, its cross-sectional area (thickness and width) must be increased. After the fusible conductor is fused, it must be separated into two parts. There is enough space to ensure that the insulation resistance of the fusible conductor after disconnection is within a safe range.

Therefore, in order to meet the market's future demand for large rated current, the terminal electrode of the protection element must increase its cross-sectional area and use a metal material with better conductivity (such as a metal sheet), and it is proposed to avoid the terminal electrode of the protection element printed on the insulation The problem of insufficient insulation resistance caused by the increase of the cross-sectional area (thickness and width) of the fusible conductor on the substrate and the slow speed or time of the protection element action, while ensuring its own safety and stability.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a protection element and a battery pack. The protection element includes: an insulating outer shell; a plurality of terminal electrodes, including a first terminal electrode, a second terminal electrode, and a third terminal electrode, the terminal electrodes respectively penetrate the insulating outer shell and are respectively supported by the insulating outer shell; the elastic element , Disposed in the insulating housing, the two ends of the elastic element are electrically connected to the first end electrode and the second end electrode, respectively, to provide a first between the first end electrode and the second end electrode of the protection element A bidirectional current path; a fusible conductor arranged in the insulating housing; and a first heat generating component arranged in the insulating housing, the fusible conductor and the first heat generating component are electrically connected in series with each other in the first bidirectional Between the current path and the third terminal electrode.

The present invention provides a battery pack including: at least one battery element; the above-mentioned protection element, wherein the protection element is connected in series with the at least one battery element to form at least one charge-discharge current path; a switching circuit is coupled to the third terminal Electrodes; and a detection control circuit for detecting the voltage or temperature of the at least one battery element, and determining the state of the switching circuit according to the detected voltage or temperature.

888, 888a, 888b, 888c ‧‧‧ protection element

1‧‧‧Charging device or electronic device

2‧‧‧Charge and discharge control circuit

4‧‧‧Battery components

5‧‧‧detection control circuit

6‧‧‧Porous ceramic structure

7(1)‧‧‧The first heat generating component

7a, 7b‧‧‧Heating body electrode

7c‧‧‧First heating element

7z‧‧‧adsorption electrode

8‧‧‧ Fusible conductor

9(1), 9(2) ‧‧‧ solder or solder

10‧‧‧Insulated substrate

16‧‧‧Insulation

18‧‧‧ opening

19‧‧‧Insulated shell

19a‧‧‧Insulating shell cover

19b‧‧‧Insulating shell substrate

19x1, 19x2, 19x3, 19x4, 19x5, 19x6

588‧‧‧Battery pack

S‧‧‧Switch circuit

S1‧‧‧Elastic element

Ic‧‧‧charging current or charging current path

Id‧‧‧discharge current or path of discharge current

11‧‧‧First electrode

21‧‧‧Second terminal electrode

31‧‧‧The third electrode

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element of the present invention.

Fig. 1A is an equivalent circuit diagram of a protection element.

FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the elastic element of the protection element returning to its original position.

1C is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fusible conductor of the protection element being fused.

FIG. 1D is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element after protection operation.

FIG. 1E is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element.

FIG. 1F is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protrusion.

FIG. 1G is a schematic cross-sectional view of the action of the elastic element.

Figure 1H is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element.

FIG. 1I is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element of the present invention.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element of the present invention.

2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element of the present invention.

2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element of the present invention.

2C is a schematic view of the appearance of a protection element of the present invention.

2D is a schematic view of the appearance of a protection element of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an example diagram of a circuit configuration of a battery pack of the present invention.

In order to further understand the features and technical contents of the present invention, please refer to the following related embodiments and make detailed descriptions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows. In addition, wherever possible, elements/components using the same reference numerals in the drawings and embodiments represent the same or similar parts. In addition, the illustration is drawn in a schematic way, and the ratio of each size may be different from the actual one. You should refer to the following description to judge for yourself. The embodiment is described as follows:

【Protection element 888】

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element 888 according to the first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 1A shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 1A at the same time. The protection element 888 of this embodiment includes: an insulating outer casing 19; three terminal electrodes, an elastic element S1, a solder 9, a fusible conductor 8, an adsorption electrode 7z, and a first heat generating component 7(1).

【Insulation shell 19】

The insulating outer case 19 includes an insulating outer case cover 19a and an insulating outer case base 19b. The components of the insulating housing 19 include one or a combination of polymers and ceramic materials. The ceramic material includes any one of silicon carbide SiC, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride Si3N4, graphite, or a combination of two or more thereof. Among them, the polymer includes any one kind or a combination of two or more kinds of engineering plastics having good heat resistance. The main component of the insulating outer case 19 of the protection element 888 of the first embodiment is a polymer, which includes polyhenylenesulfide. When the insulating outer shell 19 is formed into the shape of FIG. 1 (or other shapes, as shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D), the insulating outer shell base 19a and the insulating outer shell base 19b can be divided into two parts and formed separately. The insulating outer shell cover 19a may also use an insert molding process to integrally form the first terminal electrode 11, the second terminal electrode 21, the third terminal electrode 31, and the insulating outer shell cover 19a. The insulating outer case 19 has six face parts including a left face part 19x1, a right face part 19x2, an upper face part 19x3, a bottom face part 19x4, a front part 19x5, and a back part 19x6 (see FIG. 2C).

【Terminal electrode, adsorption electrode 7z】

The above-mentioned three terminal electrodes (i.e., the first terminal electrode 11, the second terminal electrode 21, and the third terminal electrode 31) penetrate the insulating housing cover 19a and are supported by the insulating housing cover 19a. One end (first end) of each end electrode (ie, the first end electrode 11 and the second end electrode 21) is arranged (exposed) outside the insulating outer casing 19, and the other end (second end) is arranged or floated on the insulation The outer casing 19 extends into the insulating outer casing 19. Furthermore, the second end of the third terminal electrode 31 is disposed on the insulating housing base 19b. There is a gap between the second end of the first terminal electrode 11 and the insulating housing base 19b, and there is also a gap between the second end of the second terminal electrode 21 and the insulating housing base 19b. In addition, since the terminal electrodes and the adsorption electrode 7z are not formed by printing processes but by other processes (such as a pressing process), the designer can adjust the thickness and thickness of the terminal electrodes according to actual application or design requirements Density to reduce the internal resistance of these terminal electrodes. The materials of all terminal electrodes and adsorption electrodes 7z of the present invention include materials made of any one of gold, silver, copper, tin, lead, aluminum, nickel, palladium, platinum, etc. as a main component or a combination of parts thereof as a main component Into a sheet or strip of metal. In addition, the surface of the part of the terminal electrode exposed outside the insulating housing 19 and the adsorption electrode 7z may be coated with one or more layers of metal materials that are less susceptible to oxidation or more stable, such as nickel, tin, lead, aluminum, nickel, gold, etc. In this way, the terminal electrodes or the adsorption electrodes 7z can prevent the high current from flowing through the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21 to generate a high temperature and cause the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21 to be melted. All terminal electrodes of the present invention can be implemented in a manner similar to that described above. It should be noted that there may also be a gap between the second end of the third terminal electrode 31 and the insulating housing base 19b in this embodiment, and the second ends of the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21 may also be arranged in the insulating On the outer shell base 19b (adjust the design according to different needs). In addition, the current value flowing through the adsorption electrode 7z is smaller than the current value flowing through the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21, because the resistance value of the first heat generating element 7(1) is greater than the resistance value of the elastic element S1.

【Elastic element S1 and solder】

The solder includes solder 9(1) and solder 9(2). The solder 9(1) fixes the first end of the elastic element S1 to the second terminal electrode 21 and is electrically connected to the second terminal electrode 21 and the solder 9(2) The second end of the elastic element S1 is fixed on the first end electrode 11 and electrically connected to the first end electrode 11 to provide a first bidirectional current between the first end electrode and the second end electrode of the protection element Path (the path I _c of the charging current and the path I _{d of the} discharging current). The electrical connection described in the patent specification of the present invention can be applied to the solder 9(1) and 9(2) as one of the electrical connection methods. The materials of the solders 9(1) and 9(2) include lead-containing or lead-free compositions containing tin as a main component. The constituent material of the elastic element S1 is not particularly limited. Preferably, the elastic element S1 is a conductor or metal material with strong elasticity, strong tensile force, high hardness, and high conductivity, and the constituent material of the elastic element S1 is preferably a solder 9 or metal has a good combination. Please refer to FIG. 1G, the original elastic element S1 is maintained in a horizontal state, and the elastic element S1 can be bent downward or upward by external force. When the external force is removed, the elastic element S1 will return to the original horizontal state. In this embodiment, the first end of the elastic element S1 is bent downward, and the first end of the elastic element S1 is fixed on the second terminal electrode 21 and electrically connected to the second terminal electrode 21 by solder 9(1). When the solder 9(1) is partially melted, the technical feature of the elastic element S1 is to forcibly disengage the second terminal electrode 21 (that is, return to the original horizontal state) by its own elasticity, so that the elastic element S1 and the second terminal electrode 21 Open circuit (open circuit), equivalent to the current path between the elastic element S1 and the second end electrode 21 is disconnected, the melting point or liquefaction point of the solder 9 (2) may be higher than the melting point of the solder 9 (1) or Liquefaction point. The above description applies to all elastic elements S1 of the present invention. It should be particularly noted that: to enhance or strengthen the first end of the elastic element S1 fixed to the second end electrode 21, please refer to FIG. 1F, the protection element 888 of this embodiment may further include at least one protrusion Sa, configured Between the elastic element S1 and the second terminal electrode 21, the solder 9(1) is also arranged between the elastic element S1 and the second terminal electrode 21, filling the space other than the protrusion Sa, adjusting the height of Sa can increase or Reduce the amount of consumable materials and ensure that the elastic element S1 will not squeeze out all the solder 9(1), resulting in poor soldering, and the first end of the elastic element S1 cannot be properly fixed on the second end electrode 21. The protruding body Sa may be made by stamping the elastic element S1 or the second terminal electrode 21 itself or any technique well known in the industry, or it may be a solid of any shape. The protrusion Sa can be applied to all the protection elements of the present invention. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first end of the elastic element S1 can also be bent downward and the first end of the elastic element S1 can be fixed on the first end electrode 11 by solder 9(1), and the electrical Connect the first end electrode 11. The solder 9 (2) fixes the second end of the elastic element S1 to the second end electrode 21 and electrically connects the second end electrode 21. The melting point or liquefaction point of the solder 9(2) may be higher than that of the solder 9(1). Of course, the heights of the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21 also need to be adjusted.

[The first heat generating component 7(1)]

The first heat generating component 7(1) is arranged in the insulating outer casing 19 and is arranged on the third terminal electrode 31, including two heating body electrodes 7a, 7b and a first heating body 7c, and the three form a so-called sandwich The structure of the first heating element 7c is sandwiched between two first heating element electrodes 7a, 7b (for example: wafer-type positive temperature coefficient resistance PTC Resister), one end of the first heating element 7c is electrically connected to the heating element electrode 7a. The other end is electrically connected to the heating element electrode 7b. In particular, the heating element electrode 7b in this embodiment is fixed to the third terminal electrode 31 by solder or solder 9 and electrically connected to the third terminal electrode 31. The first heat generating component 7(1) is supported by the third terminal electrode 31. The first heating element 7c is an element with a relatively high resistance value (compared to the fusible conductor 8), and has the property of generating heat when passing current, and its materials include ruthenium dioxide (RuO2), ruthenium oxide, zinc oxide, and ruthenium , Copper, palladium, platinum, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, platinum, molybdenum, tungsten, carbon black, organic binders or inorganic binders, etc. The main component or a part of the composition of the main component of the ceramic element. The first heating body electrodes 7a, 7b may be a single-layer metal or multi-layer metal structure, and the materials of each layer include copper, tin, lead, iron, nickel, aluminum, titanium, platinum, tungsten, zinc, iridium, cobalt, palladium, silver , Gold, iron carbonyl, nickel carbonyl, cobalt carbonyl, etc. one or a part of the alloy.

【Fusable conductor 8】

The fusible conductor 8 is arranged in the insulating outer case 19. The insulating outer shell 19 has the function of protecting the elements in the insulating outer shell 19, including, for example: the elastic element S1, the fusible conductor 8, the first end electrode 11, the second end electrode 21, the second end of the third end electrode 31, and The first heat generating component 7(1) and the like. The fusible conductor 8 may be a multi-layer structure having a low melting point conductor layer and a high melting point conductor layer, where the melting points of the low melting point conductor layer and the high melting point conductor layer are different. Of course, the fusible conductor 8 may also have a single-layer structure and only include a single-melting-point metal conductor layer (low-melting-point conductor layer or high-melting-point conductor layer). The material of the low-melting-point conductor layer in the fusible conductor 8 includes a lead or lead-free metal alloy mainly composed of tin. The material of the high-melting-point conductor layer in the fusible conductor 8 includes an alloy composed of silver, copper, tin, bismuth, indium, zinc, aluminum, and the like. The above description applies to all fusible conductors of the present invention. Both ends of the fusible conductor 8 are electrically connected to the second terminal electrode 21 and the first heat generating component 7(1) to form a bidirectional current path between the second terminal electrode 21 and the first heat generating component 7(1) . Of course, both ends of the fusible conductor 8 can also be changed to electrically connect the first terminal electrode 11 and the first heat generating component 7(1), respectively. It should be particularly noted that one end of the fusible conductor 8 in this embodiment is fixed to the surface of the second terminal electrode 21 by solder or solder, and is electrically connected to the second terminal electrode 21, and the other end is solder or solder. It is fixed to the adsorption electrode 7z and electrically connected to the adsorption electrode 7z. The adsorption electrode 7z is disposed between the soluble conductor 8 and the heating element electrode 7a, and electrically connects the soluble conductor 8 and the heating element electrode 7a. The advantage of the adsorption electrode 7z is that when the volume of the soluble conductor 8 becomes larger, the partially melted soluble conductor 8 can be adsorbed on the adsorption electrode 7z with a larger area (compared to the heating electrode 7a). It should be noted that the protection element 888 of this embodiment may not include the adsorption electrode 7z, and the other end of the fusible conductor 8 is directly fixed to the heating element electrode 7a by solder or solder, and the heating element electrode 7a can also be adjusted. The size of the area does not affect the basic function of the protection element 888 of the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that the fusible conductor 8 and the first heat generating component 7(1) in all the protection elements of the present invention are electrically connected in series with each other in the first bidirectional current path (Ic, Id) and the third Between the end electrodes 31. Because only the first terminal electrode 11, the second terminal electrode 21, the fusible conductor 8, the first heat generating component 7(1) and the third terminal electrode 31 need to be connected, coupled or electrically connected in different combinations (Please refer to FIGS. 1A, 1E, 1H, and 1I).

【Description of operation of protection element 888】

Please refer to FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, FIG. 1C and FIG. 1D. When a current lower than the rated current flows through the elastic element S1, the protection element 888 will not operate, maintaining the original state of the protection element 888.

Please refer to FIG. 1B, condition 1: when current higher than the rated current flows through the elastic element S1, the elastic element S1 will melt the solder 9(1) due to its own heat (please refer to FIG. 1B), when the solder 9(1 ) When the part is melted, the first end of the elastic element S1 is forced to detach from the second end electrode 21 (that is, return to the original horizontal state) by its own elasticity, so that the elastic element S1 and the second end electrode 21 are in an open state (open circuit), which is equivalent to the current path between the elastic element S1 and the second terminal electrode 21 being disconnected.

Please refer to FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C. Condition 2: When the first heat generating element 7(1) generates heat, the heat energy generated by the first heat generating element 7(1) is transferred to the fusible via the heating element electrode 7a and the adsorption electrode 7z Conductor 8, second terminal electrode 21, and solder 9(1). The melting point of the second terminal electrode 21 is higher than that of the soluble conductor 8 and the solder 9(1), and the melting point of the soluble conductor 8 and the solder 9(1) is similar, but the volume of the soluble conductor 8 is larger than that of the solder 9(1) Volume, so the solder 9(1) is melted first (please refer to Figure 1B). When the solder 9(1) is partially melted, the first end of the elastic element S1 is forced to disengage from the second end electrode 21 (that is, return to the original horizontal state) by its own elasticity, so that the elastic element S1 and the second end electrode 21 There is an open circuit between them, which is equivalent to the current path between the elastic element S1 and the second end electrode 21 being disconnected. After one end of time, the fusible conductor 8 is fused, and part of the melted fusible conductor 8 is adsorbed on the adsorption electrode 7 (please refer to FIG. 1C). Therefore, the second end electrode 21 and the first heat generating component 7(1) or The current path between the third terminal electrodes 31 is disconnected. It should be noted that the melting point or liquefaction point of the fusible conductor 8 may be higher than the melting point or liquefaction point of the solder 9(1), or the melting point or liquefaction point of the fusible conductor 8 may be lower than the melting point of the solder 9(1) Or the liquefaction point, it is only necessary to ensure that the solder 9(1) is melted first, and the fusible conductor 8 is melted after a period of time.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element 888a according to a second embodiment of the invention. FIG. 1A shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888a. The protection element 888a of this embodiment is similar to the protection element 888 of the first embodiment. The main difference between the two is that the protection element 888a of this embodiment further includes an insulating substrate 10 and an insulating layer 16. The first heat generating component includes two heating element electrodes 7a, 7b and a first heating element 7c. The first heat generating element 7(1) is disposed on the insulating substrate 10, and one end of the first heating element 7c is electrically connected to generate heat The body electrode 7a has the other end electrically connected to the heating body electrode 7b. The insulating layer 16 is arranged on the first heating element 7c. The heating element electrode 7a extends to the surface of the insulating layer 16 and is electrically connected to the adsorption electrode 7z. It should be noted that the protection element 888a of this embodiment may not include the insulating layer 16, and only the first heating element 7c and the heating element electrodes 7a and 7b are arranged on the insulating substrate 10 without overlapping (not shown) Shown), the effect is similar to the protection element 888a of FIG. 1D. Other related descriptions of the structure and operation are similar to the protection element 888 of the first embodiment, please refer to it by yourself, and it will not be repeated here.

2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element 888b according to a third embodiment of the invention. FIG. 1A shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888b. The protection element 888b of this embodiment is similar to the protection element 888a of the second embodiment, the main difference between the two is that the first heat generating component 7(1) of the protection element 888b of this embodiment is disposed in the insulating substrate 10, and The heating electrode 7a of the first heat generating component 7(1) extends to the surface of the insulating substrate 10, the heating electrode 7a is coupled or electrically connected to the adsorption electrode 7z, and the heating electrode 7b of the first heat generating component 7(1) extends to the insulation On the surface of the substrate 10, the heating electrode 7b is coupled or electrically connected to the third terminal electrode 31. Other related descriptions of the structure and operation are similar to the protection element 888a of the second embodiment, please refer to it by yourself, and it will not be repeated here.

2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element 888c according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. 2C is a schematic view of the appearance of the protection element 888c of the present invention. FIG. 1A shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888c. The protection element 888c of this embodiment is similar to the protection element 888a of the second embodiment, the main difference between the two is that: the insulation outer shell base 19b of the protection element 888c of this embodiment has a porous ceramic structure 6, and the insulation of the protection element 888c The outer housing cover 19a has an opening 18, which may be one or more (please refer to FIGS. 2B and 2C). The insulating outer shell 19 is characterized by an insulating outer shell base 19b whose main component is composed of ceramic powder, which is sintered by a sintering process and creates gaps or holes between the ceramic particles. The ceramic material includes any one of silicon carbide SiC, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride Si3N4, graphite, or a combination of two or more thereof. The main component of the insulating housing cover 19a is a polymer and contains polyhenylenesulfide. The technical characteristics of the above opening 18 or hole ceramic structure are: when the rated voltage value and the rated current value of the protective element 888c are high (eg, greater than 30A or 50A or 100A or more), the instant the fusible conductor 8 is fused, the gas The generated high voltage can be discharged more uniformly through the porous hole of the insulating outer shell 19 and the interconnected structure 6 or the opening 18. It should be particularly noted that the porous ceramic structure 6 or the opening 18 may be arranged on at least one of the six faces of the insulating outer shell 19, or may be a part or part of any one of the faces. The porous ceramic structure 6 (see FIG. 2B) of the insulating housing base 19b may also be partial or partial, or, as in the present embodiment, the insulating housing base 19b is all porous ceramic structure 6. Of course, the porous ceramic structure 6 and the opening 18 can also be reversed, for example, the insulating outer shell base 19b has the opening 18, and the insulating outer shell cover 19a has the porous ceramic structure 6 (please refer to FIG. 2D). The opening 18 or the porous ceramic structure 6 of this embodiment can also be applied to the structure of other protection elements of the present invention. Other related descriptions of the structure and operation are similar to the protection element 888 of the first embodiment, please refer to it by yourself, and it will not be repeated here.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack 588 according to an embodiment of the invention. The battery pack 588 includes a battery element 4, a charge and discharge control circuit 2, a detection control circuit 5, a switching circuit, and the above-mentioned protection elements 888 or 888a or 888b or 888c or 888d or 888e or 888f or 888g. The battery element 4 has four battery elements 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 (but the invention is not limited thereto). The charge and discharge control circuit 2 is responsible for controlling the turn-on and turn-off of the charge and discharge currents (Ic, Id). The initial state of the switch circuit S is an open circuit, and the switch circuit S can be short-circuited or turned on according to the input signal, respectively. The detection control circuit 5 detects the voltage value or temperature value of each battery element 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 in the battery element 4, and outputs a signal to the charge and discharge control circuit 2 or the switch circuit S. The terminal electrodes 11 and 21 of the protection element 888 are connected in series between the battery element 4 and the charge and discharge control circuit 2 to form a charge and discharge path (that is, a path of the charge current I _c and the discharge current I _d ). One end of the switch circuit S is coupled to the third terminal electrode 31. The charging and discharging control circuit 2 in the rechargeable battery pack 588 of this embodiment can turn on and off the charging and discharging current according to the signals output from the charging device 1 or the electronic device 1 and the detection control circuit 5. When the charging current I _c higher than the rated current value flows through the fusible conductor 8 or the discharge current I _d higher than the rated current value flows through the fusible conductor 8, the fusible conductor 8 will fuse to disconnect the charging current I _c Or the path of the discharge current I _d to achieve the overcurrent protection function of protecting the battery element 4 or the battery pack 588. In addition, when the detection control circuit 5 detects that any of the battery elements 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 is abnormal (such as: overcharge or overtemperature), it will send a signal to The switching circuit S to switch the switching circuit S to a short-circuit state or a conducting state, so that a current can flow through the first heating body 7c or the first heating body 7c and the second heating body 7c2. The first heating element 7c melts the fusible conductor 8 due to energization and heating, or the first heating element 7c and the second heating element 7c2 are simultaneously energized and heat to melt the fusible conductor 8 to cut off the charging current I _c and the discharging current I _d to achieve Rechargeable battery pack 588 overcharge or overvoltage or overtemperature protection function.

Although the present invention has been disclosed as above by the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone who has ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined in the appended patent application, and any changes within the spirit of the patent application scope of the present invention and similar changes in the application of the specification and drawings of the present invention shall be included in the patent of the present invention. Within range.

888‧‧‧Protection element

7(1)‧‧‧The first heat generating component

7a, 7b‧‧‧Heating body electrode

7c‧‧‧First heating element

7z‧‧‧adsorption electrode

8‧‧‧ Fusible conductor

9(1), 9(2) ‧‧‧ solder or solder

11‧‧‧First electrode

21‧‧‧Second terminal electrode

31‧‧‧The third electrode

19‧‧‧Insulated shell

19a‧‧‧Insulating shell cover

19b‧‧‧Insulating shell substrate

S1‧‧‧Elastic element

Claims (11)

A protection element includes: an insulating outer shell; a plurality of terminal electrodes, including a first terminal electrode, a second terminal electrode, and a third terminal electrode, the terminal electrodes respectively penetrate the insulating shell, and are respectively covered by the insulating shell Support; the elastic element is arranged in the insulating housing, the two ends of the elastic element are electrically connected to the first end electrode and the second end electrode respectively, for the first end electrode and the second end electrode of the protection element Provides a first bidirectional current path; a fusible conductor arranged in the insulating housing; and a first heat generating component arranged in the insulating housing, the fusible conductor and the first heat generating component are electrically connected in series with each other Between the first bidirectional current path and the third terminal electrode, when the current flowing through the elastic element is higher than the rated current value, the elastic element will heat to allow one end of the elastic element to pass through the elasticity of the elastic element Disengagement from the second terminal electrode causes an open circuit between the elastic element and the second terminal electrode. The protection element as described in item 1 of the patent application scope further includes a first solder, which fixes the first end of the elastic element to the second end electrode or the first end electrode. The protection element according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the first solder and the fusible conductor have the same melting point or liquefaction point, or have different melting points or liquefaction points. The protection element according to item 3 of the patent application scope, wherein the volume of the first solder is smaller than the volume of the fusible conductor. The protection element as described in item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the first heat generating component includes two heating element electrodes and a first heating element, and the two heating element electrodes and the first heating element form a sandwich structure. The protection element as described in item 1 of the patent application scope further includes an insulating substrate, wherein the first heat generating component is disposed on or in the insulating substrate. The protection element as described in item 1 of the patent application scope further includes an adsorption electrode disposed between the fusible conductor and the first heat-generating component, and coupling or electrically connecting the fusible conductor and the first A heat generating component. The protection element according to any one of the items 1 to 7 of the patent application range, wherein the insulating outer shell comprises at least one opening or porous ceramic structure. The protection element according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein one end of the fusible conductor is electrically connected to the first terminal electrode or the second terminal electrode, and the other end of the fusible conductor is electrically connected to the first heat generation Components. The protection element according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein one end of the first heat generating component is electrically connected to the first terminal electrode or the second terminal electrode, and the other end of the first heat generating component is electrically connected to the Fusible conductor. A battery pack, comprising: at least one battery element; the protection element according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the protection element is connected in series with the at least one battery element to form at least one charge and discharge A current path; a switching circuit coupled to the ground three-terminal electrode; and a detection control circuit for detecting the voltage or temperature of the at least one battery element, and determining the switching circuit according to the detected voltage or temperature status.

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