TWI689292B - One-piece dental implant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-piece dental implant. The single-piece dental implant includes: a first part and a second part. The first part has a central axis. The first part has an internal bone and a gingival part. The internal part of the bone is connected to the gingival part. An outer diameter of the gingival part is smaller than a maximum outer diameter of the internal part of the bone. The second part has a connecting part and a trimming part, corresponding to the central axis, the connecting part connects the gingival part of the first part, the trimming part connects to the connecting part, in a direction perpendicular to the central axis, the trimming The cross-sectional area of the part is larger than the cross-sectional area of the gingival part of the first part, the trimming part has at least one side and a clamping part, the at least one side of the trimming part gradually expands upward, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming part The upper part gradually increases, and the clamping part is provided on an upper part of the trimming part. The part of the dressing part can be sharpened to form a stand. The stand has an angle and a size suitable for installing a denture, which can improve the installation quality and stability of artificial dentures.

Description

One-piece dental implant

The invention relates to a dental implant used in dental implant operation, in particular to a single-piece dental implant.

Generally speaking, dental implants can be roughly divided into two-piece dental implants and single-piece dental implants. Among them, the conventional two-piece dental implant includes a dental implant body and a pillar body, where the dental implant body and the pillar system are separated, the implant body is implanted first, and then the pillar body is installed on the implant On the tooth body. The conventional one-piece dental implant includes an integrally formed dental implant body and a prop body. After the artificial dental implant operation is completed using the single-piece dental implant, the single-piece dental implant can be exposed above the gums of the patient The pillar body is integrated with an artificial denture after a predetermined period of bone integration, so the conventional one-piece dental implant has the advantages of simple structure and good structural strength.

However, due to the difference in alveolar bones of different patients, it is not easy for the implant surgeon to control the installation angle of the prop body when the conventional one-piece dental implant is implanted in the alveolar bone and the prop body is exposed above the gums And, because it is known that the installation angle of the prop body cannot be modified and adjusted, it is easy to reduce the installation quality and stability of the artificial denture when artificial dentures are subsequently installed. Furthermore, when the installation angle of the prop body is deviated, it also relatively interferes with the patient during the occlusion process, causing discomfort and occlusion of the patient. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the conventional one-piece dental implant.

The invention relates to a single-piece dental implant. The one-piece dental implant includes: A first part and a second part. The first part has a central axis. The first part has an internal bone and a gingival part. The internal part of the bone is connected to the gingival part. An outer diameter of the gingival part is smaller than a maximum outer diameter of the internal part of the bone. The second part has a connecting part and a trimming part, corresponding to the central axis, the connecting part connects the gingival part of the first part, the trimming part connects to the connecting part, in a direction perpendicular to the central axis, the trimming The cross-sectional area of the part is larger than the cross-sectional area of the gingival part of the first part, the trimming part has at least one side and a clamping part, the at least one side of the trimming part gradually expands upward, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming part The upper part gradually increases, and the clamping part is provided on an upper part of the trimming part.

Therefore, the use of the structural design of the dressing part for cutting or grinding can be used by the dental implant surgeon to form a support with a suitable angle and size, so that the support can be used to install a denture to improve artificial dentures. Installation quality and installation stability.

1: One-piece dental implant

10: Part One

10a: free end

10b: connector

11: Locking part

12: Guide

13: gum area

20: Part Two

21: Connection

22: Finishing Department

22a: Block 1

22b: second block

22c: third block

22d: Block 4

23: Support

24: Denture

25: Side

26: groove

27: clamping part

28: clamping part

29: top surface

101: Inside the bone

111: external thread

112: Grooving

C: Circular surface

D1: the first datum

D2: Second datum

L: central axis

P: periodontal tissue

P1: gums

P2: Alveolar bone

S1: buccal

S2: tongue side

W1: First radial width

W2: Second radial width

Fig. 1 shows a front view of a one-piece dental implant according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 shows a front view of a periodontal tissue of a single-piece dental implant according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the present invention Partial cross-sectional view of the single-piece dental implant after removing the trimmed portion; FIG. 4 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the single-piece dental implant after installing the denture according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 shows the single-piece dental implant of the present invention Top view of the first embodiment of the second part; FIG. 6 shows a top view of the second embodiment of the second part of the single-piece dental implant of the present invention; 7 shows a top view of a third embodiment of the second part of the single-piece dental implant of the present invention; FIG. 8 shows a top view of the fourth embodiment of the second part of the single-piece dental implant of the present invention; FIG. 9 shows a first embodiment of the present invention Example One-piece dental implant (using the second part of FIG. 7) after partial removal of the trimmed portion; FIG. 10 shows a front view of one-piece dental implant according to an embodiment of the invention; and FIG. 11 shows the invention One embodiment front view of a one-piece dental implant (second part fifth embodiment).

Figure 1 shows a front view of a one-piece dental implant according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 shows a front view of periodontal tissue of a one-piece dental implant implanted in a patient according to an embodiment of the present invention. With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, the single-piece dental implant 1 of the present invention includes a first part 10 and a second part 20, the first part 10 is used to lock a tooth of a patient Inside the periodical tissue P, the second part 20 is exposed outside the periodontal tissue P, which has a gingival P1 and an alveolar bone P2. The following description defines the side of the periodontal tissue P away from the patient's tongue as "buccal S1"; the side close to the patient's tongue is defined as "tongue S2". "Upper" in the instruction manual is the alveolar bone away from the patient; "lower" in the instruction manual is the opposite of "upper". The "telecentric side" in the manual refers to the direction away from the center line or front of the body; the "proximal side" in the manual refers to the direction close to the center line or front of the body.

FIG. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a single-piece dental implant after removing the trimming portion according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a one-piece dental implant after installing a denture according to an embodiment of the invention. 2 to 4, in an embodiment, the first part 10 has a central axis L, and the first part 10 has an internal bone 101 and a gingival part 13, the internal bone 101 is connected to the gingival part 13. The second portion 20 has a connecting portion 21 and a trimming portion 22. The connecting portion 21 connects the gingival portion 13 of the first portion 10 corresponding to the central axis L. The trimming portion 22 connects the connecting portion 21. In addition, in a direction perpendicular to the central axis L1, the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion 22 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the gingival portion 13 of the first portion 10. The trimming portion 22 has at least one side surface 25 and a clamping portion 27. The at least one side surface 25 of the trimming portion 22 gradually expands upward, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion 22 gradually increases upward, and the clamping portion 27 It is provided on an upper part of the trimming portion 22. In this way, the structural design of the trimming portion 22 can be used to cut or grind a part of the trimming portion 22 with a tool, so that the trimmed portion 22 and the connecting portion 21 after being removed can form a stand 23 (such as As shown in FIG. 3), the support 23 can be equipped with a denture 24 (as shown in FIG. 4).

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, in an embodiment, the first portion 10 has a free end 10 a and a connecting end 10 b, and the connecting portion 21 of the second portion 20 is connected to the connecting end 10 b. The first portion 10 is provided with a locking portion 11, a guiding portion 12 and the gingival portion 13 in order from the free end 10 a to the connecting end 10 b, that is, the bone interior 101 includes the locking portion 11 and the guiding Part 12 is set in the patient's bones. The outer diameter of the guide portion 12 gradually decreases from the locking portion 11 to the gingival portion 13, and the outer diameter of the gingival portion 13 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the bone interior 101, and is less than or equal to the guide portion 12 Of the outer diameter. In this way, when the single-piece dental implant 1 is implanted into the periodontal tissue P, the guide portion 12 has no thread, and then can reduce the force and reduce the damage; and because the outer diameter of the guide portion 12 is smaller The outer diameter of the locking portion 11 is gradually reduced, so the outer periphery of the guide portion 12 can accommodate more bones, so that the outer periphery of the guide portion 12 is thicker. Moreover, the gingival portion 13 having a relatively small outer diameter is located in the gingival P1 of the periodontal tissue to accommodate more keratinized gums, which can have better protection and can effectively reduce the single-piece dental implant Inflammation around body 1.

In an embodiment, the locking portion 11 of the first part 10 is an external thread 111. Thereby, the external thread 111 of the locking portion 11 allows the single-piece dental implant 1 to be easily and effortlessly locked into the alveolar bone P2 of the patient. In addition, the outer peripheral surface of the locking portion 11 of the first portion 10 may be provided with a groove 112 that extends from the free end 10a toward the connecting end 10b in the axial direction of the central axis L. Thereby, the notch 112 is used to discharge excess bone debris through the notch 112 during the implantation of the single-piece dental implant 1 of the patient with the alveolar bone P2 of the patient, after which the notch The groove can resist the rotational force of the dental implant to ensure that the one-piece dental implant 1 is tightly coupled with the alveolar bone P2.

Referring to FIG. 2, in one embodiment, the at least one side surface 25 of the trimming portion 22 gradually expands upward, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion 22 gradually increases upward, that is, the second portion 20 The trimming portion 22 adjacent to the outer peripheral surface of the connecting portion 21 may form a side surface of an oblique cone, and the side surface of the oblique cone gradually expands upward, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion 22 gradually increases. In an embodiment, the trimming portion 22 has a plurality of sides, and the sides are gradually enlarged upward symmetrically, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion 22 gradually increases upwardly, that is, the cross section of the trimming portion 22 The area gradually increases upwards evenly and symmetrically. In one embodiment, the clamping portion 27 of the trimming portion 22 of the second portion 20 is disposed at the outer edge of the upper portion of the trimming portion 22 of the second portion 20. The clamping portion 27 is connected to the side surface 25 and corresponds to the central axis L. The clamping portion 27 has a tangent plane in the same direction as the central axis L. The at least all surfaces of the clamping portion 27 are disposed on the trimming portion 22 The outer side of the upper part is used for clamping and fixing and rotating locking or unscrewing the single-piece dental implant 1 by a clamping device, so as to facilitate the dental implant operation. The length of the clamping portion 27 is only about 1.0 mm, and does not need to be too long; if it exceeds 2.5 mm, the angle of the side 25 is too small for the same height, and it needs to be sharpened in the future, which is not conducive to clinical operation.

Based on the above structural design, several embodiments are further detailed below to illustrate the different structural types of the second part 20 of the single-piece dental implant 1 of the present invention, but It is not limited to the embodiments listed below.

Fig. 5 shows a top view of the first embodiment of the second part of the one-piece dental implant of the present invention. 6 shows a top view of a second embodiment of the second part of the single-piece dental implant of the present invention. 7 shows a top view of a second embodiment of the second part of the one-piece dental implant of the present invention. Fig. 8 shows a top view of the second embodiment of the second part of the single-piece dental implant of the present invention. With reference to FIGS. 5 to 8, in each embodiment, the single-piece dental implant 1 has a first reference surface D1 and a second reference surface D2 that radially pass through the central axis L, the first reference The plane D1 and the second reference plane D2 are perpendicular to each other, and are used to distinguish the trimming portion 22 of the second part 20 into a first block 22a, a second block 22b, a third block 22c and a first block Four blocks 22d. The first block 22a, the second block 22b, the third block 22c and the fourth block 22d can be selected to be the same shape and symmetrical with each other, or can be selected to be different and asymmetrical, the invention Without limitation, in order to improve the manufacturing convenience of the single-piece dental implant 1 and provide more diverse functions.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 5, in the first embodiment, the shape of the first block 22a of the trimming portion 22 is the same as and symmetrical with the shape of the second block 22b, and the second shape of the trimming portion 22 The shape of the block 22b is the same as and symmetrical to the shape of the third block 22c. The shape of the third block 22c of the trimming portion 22 is the same as and symmetrical to the shape of the fourth block 22d. The shape of the fourth block 22d is the same as the shape of the first block 22a and is symmetrical. In a direction perpendicular to the central axis L1, the first block 22a and the second block 22b have a first radial width W1, and the first block 22a and the fourth block 22d have a second Radial width W2, the first radial width W1 is equal to the second radial width W2; thereby, the overall shape of the trimming portion 22 is complete and symmetrical to each other, with more cutting and grinding margins, and implanted The single-piece dental implant does not need to consider the direction of implantation. In one embodiment, the four sides of the trimming portion 22 gradually expand upward symmetrically, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion gradually increases upwardly symmetrically Big. In one embodiment, each corner of the first block 22a, the second block 22b, the third block 22c and the fourth block 22d away from the central axis LI may be provided with a circular arc surface C In this way, the arc angle modification design of the arc surface C can effectively reduce the discomfort caused by the second part 20 in the patient's mouth after dental implant surgery.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 6, in the second embodiment, the shape of the first block 22 a of the trimming portion 22 is the same as and symmetrical with the shape of the second block 22 b, and the second shape of the trimming portion 22 The shape of the block 22b is the same as and symmetrical to the shape of the third block 22c. The shape of the third block 22c of the trimming portion 22 is the same as and symmetrical to the shape of the fourth block 22d. The shape of the fourth block 22d is the same as the shape of the first block 22a and is symmetrical. In a direction perpendicular to the central axis L1, the first block 22a and the second block 22b have a first radial width W1, and the first block 22a and the fourth block 22d have a second The radial width W2, the first radial width W1 is smaller than the second radial width W2. In addition, an arc surface is provided at the intersection of the first block 22a and the second block 22b, and an arc surface C is provided at the connection of the third block 22c and the fourth block 22d. The arc surface C is away from the central axis L1. In addition, one side of the first block 22a and the fourth block 22d is aligned with the imaginary outer diameter circle (shown by the dotted line) of the gingival portion 13 of the first portion 10; and the second area One side of the block 22b and the third block 22c is aligned with the imaginary outer diameter circle (shown by the dotted line) of the gingival portion 13 of the first part 10, that is, the single piece of this embodiment is being manufactured When the dental implant 1 is used, the trimming portion 22 has relatively narrow opposite sides. In this way, the narrower opposite sides of the dressing portion 22 can be used to reduce the volume of removal and dressing of the dressing portion 22 in the future, but when implanting the single-piece dental implant, the directionality of the implant needs to be considered For example, the direction of the second radial width W2 is the direction of "buccal side S1" and "lingual side S2". In one embodiment, the two side surfaces of the trimming portion 22 gradually expand upward symmetrically, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion faces upwards in the direction of the two side surfaces Gradually increase gradually.

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 7, in the third embodiment, the shape of the first block 22 a of the trimming portion 22 is the same as and symmetrical with the shape of the second block 22 b, and the second shape of the trimming portion 22 The shape of the block 22b is different from the shape of the third block 22c and is asymmetrical. The shape of the third block 22c of the trimming portion 22 is the same as and symmetrical to the shape of the fourth block 22d. The shape of the fourth block 22d is different from the shape of the first block 22a and is asymmetrical. In a direction perpendicular to the central axis L1, the first block 22a and the second block 22b have a first radial width W1, and the first block 22a and the fourth block 22d have a second The radial width W2, the first radial width W1 is greater than the second radial width W2. In addition, one side edge connecting the first block 22a and the second block 22b is aligned with the imaginary outer diameter circle (shown by the dotted line) of the gingival portion 13 of the first portion 10, which is The single-piece dental implant 1 of the embodiment makes the dressing portion 22 have narrower opposite sides, which can reduce the volume of cutting and dressing of the dressing portion 22 in the future. In the present embodiment, the third section 22c and the fourth section 22d of the trimming portion 22 are offset from the central axis L1 to adapt to the direction of the alveolar bone of different patients. In addition, a groove 26 may be formed on opposite outer sides of the first block 22a and the fourth block 22d of the trimming portion 22, and the second block 22b and the third of the upper portion of the trimming portion 22 A groove 26 may be formed on the opposite outer side of the block 22c, and the grooves 26 are disposed in the clamping portion 27, so that the grooves 26 can be clamped and fixed and rotated or locked out with the clamping device One-piece dental implant 1, to facilitate dental implant surgery. In one embodiment, the clamping portion 27 has at least one groove 26 or cut surface in the same direction as the central axis L1. In one embodiment, a circular arc surface C may be provided at the intersection of the third block 22c and the fourth block 22d, and the circular arc surface C is away from the central axis L1. In one embodiment, one side of the trimming portion 22 is asymmetric with respect to the other sides, and the side surface gradually expands upward, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion gradually increases asymmetrically upward, so The cutting and grinding volume of the dressing section 22 can be reduced in the future.

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 8, in the fourth embodiment, the shapes of the first block 22 a, the second block 22 b, the third block 22 c, and the fourth block 22 d of the trimming portion 22 All are different and asymmetric. In a direction perpendicular to the central axis L1, the first block 22a and the second block 22b have a first radial width W1, and the first block 22a and the fourth block 22d have a second The radial width W2, the first radial width W1 is equal to the second radial width W2. Moreover, a side edge connecting the first block 22a and the fourth block 22d is aligned with an imaginary outer diameter circle (shown by a broken line) of the gingival portion 13 of the first portion 10; and the first area One side of the block 22a and the second block 22b is aligned with the imaginary outer diameter circle (shown by the broken line) of the gingival portion 13 of the first portion 10. In this embodiment, the third section 22c of the trimming portion 22 may be slightly offset from the central axis L1 to adapt to the direction of the alveolar bone of different patients, and can be rotated according to the direction of the alveolar bone of the patient angle. In addition, an arc surface C may be provided at the intersection of the second block 22b, the third block 22c, and the fourth block 22d, and the arc surface C is away from the central axis L1. In one embodiment, one side of the trimming portion 22 is asymmetric with respect to the other sides, and the side surface gradually expands upward, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion gradually increases asymmetrically upward, and the trimming can be reduced in the future The removal and grinding volume of the section 22.

9 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a one-piece dental implant (using the second part of FIG. 7) after trimming a portion of an embodiment of the present invention. 3 and 9, FIG. 3 uses the trimming portion 22 of the second part 20 of FIG. 5, and FIG. 9 utilizes the trimming portion 22 of the second part 20 of FIG. 7. Therefore, compared to FIG. 3 9, when the single-piece dental implant 1 of FIG. 9 is manufactured, the trimming portion 22 has a narrower opposite side, which can generally reduce irritation to the buccal side, and subsequent abutment fabrication can also reduce the trimming.

Figure 10 shows a front view of a one-piece dental implant according to an embodiment of the invention. See picture 10. The difference from the embodiment of FIG. 1 is that the outer diameter of the gingival portion 13 of the first portion 10 is equal to the outer diameter of the guide portion 12. Moreover, in an embodiment, the trimming portion 22 of the second portion 20 of the embodiment of FIG. 10 does not have the clamping portion 27 of the cutting plane in the same direction as the central axis L1 of the embodiment of FIG. 1. The trimming portion 22 of the second portion 20 of the embodiment of FIG. 10 has a clamping portion 28 disposed on the upper portion of the second portion 20, corresponding to the central axis L, the clamping portion 28 has a relatively upright groove , The at least one groove of the clamping portion 28 is disposed inside one of the upper portions of the trimming portion 22, and the at least one groove extends downward from a top surface 29 of the trimming portion to form an inner groove, The clamping device of the corresponding shape is inserted into the groove for clamping and fixing and rotating locking or unscrewing the single-piece dental implant 1, so as to facilitate the dental implant operation. Since the groove of the clamping portion 28 can be fixed in size, this design allows different specifications of implants to use the same clamping instrument. Moreover, since the at least one groove of the clamping portion 28 is provided in the interior of the upper portion of the trimming portion 22, the action of inserting the clamping device into the groove will not increase the operating radius or operating range, which is not clinically possible. Disturbed by neighboring teeth.

11 shows a front view of a one-piece dental implant according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 11, the difference from the embodiment of FIG. 10 is that the trimming portion 22 of the second portion 20 of the embodiment of FIG. 11 has a clamping portion 28 disposed on the upper portion of the second portion 20, the clamp The holding portion 28 is not connected to the side surface 25, that is, the cross-sectional area of the clamping portion 28 is smaller than the largest cross-sectional area of the side surface 25. And corresponding to the central axis L, the clamping portion 28 has a relatively upright area or a cut surface for clamping and fixing and rotating locking of the clamping instrument or unscrewing the single-piece dental implant 1 to facilitate dental implant surgery get on. Since the clamping portion 28 can be fixed in size, this design enables different specifications of implants to use the same clamping instrument.

With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, in the above embodiment, when the single-piece dental implant 1 of the present invention is applied to a dental implant operation, the first part 10 can lock the gum P1 and the alveolar cavity of the patient Bone P2 to achieve a fixed function. When the alveolar bone of the patient is skewed on the "buccal S1" or "lingual side S2", the dental implant can implant the single-piece dental implant of the present invention according to the direction of the skewed alveolar bone of the patient Body 1, as shown in Fig. 3, the single-piece dental implant 1 is implanted obliquely in the direction of "tongue S2". That is to say, the angle of the alveolar bone skewed on the "buccal S1" or "lingual S2" is different according to the patient. The dental implant can only control the angle of the proximal and distal sides, and cannot be changed The angle at which the alveolar bone is deviated from "buccal S1" or "lingual side S2" After implantation, the second part 20 (shown by the dotted line) is located relatively outside the periodontal tissue P of the patient. After the implant surgery is completed and the bone is integrated for a predetermined period of time, the single-piece dental implant Body 1 can be tightly combined with the periodontal tissue P of the patient. After osseointegration, using the structural design of the trimming section 22 that can be removed, the dental implant doctor can target different patients and then use tools to fit the patient's oral cavity "buccal S1", "lingual side S2", "near The center side or the "tele center side" is removed or sharpened in order to form the support 23 with suitable angle and size.

Because the angle of the conventional pillar body is 6-8 degrees, the conventional pillar body needs a longer size in order to have good retention to set the denture. However, the longer props of conventional knowledge will cause interference during osseointegration, that is, the chance of being bitten by the patient is increased, and the success rate of conventional dental implants is reduced. Because the abutment 23 of the single-piece dental implant 1 of the present invention can be trimmed to close to 0 degrees, the abutment 23 has a good holding force for the denture about 4 mm, so the present invention uses a shorter second part 20 can reduce the interference during bone integration after dental implantation and improve the success rate of dental implantation.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the principle and efficacy of the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art to the above embodiments still do not violate the spirit of the present invention. The scope of the rights of the present invention shall be as listed in the patent application scope described later.

1: One-piece dental implant

10: Part One

10a: free end

10b: connector

11: Locking part

12: Guide

13: gum area

20: Part Two

21: Connection

22: Finishing Department

25: Side

27: clamping part

101: Inside the bone

111: external thread

112: Grooving

L: central axis

Claims (4)

A one-piece dental implant, comprising: a first part having a central axis, the first part has an internal bone and a gingival part, the internal part of the bone is connected to the gingival part, an outer diameter of the gingival part is smaller than the internal part of the bone One of the largest outer diameter; and a second part, the second part has a connecting part and a trimming part, corresponding to the central axis, the connecting part connects the gingival part of the first part, the trimming part connects the connecting part, In a direction perpendicular to the central axis, the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion is greater than the cross-sectional area of the gingival portion of the first portion, the trimming portion has a plurality of sides and a clamping portion, at least one side of the trimming portion is opposite to The other side surfaces are asymmetrical, and the at least one side surface gradually expands upward, so that the cross-sectional area of the trimming portion gradually increases asymmetrically upward, and the clamping portion is disposed on an upper portion of the trimming portion. The one-piece dental implant of claim 1, wherein the clamping portion has at least one groove or cut plane in the same direction as the central axis. The one-piece dental implant as claimed in claim 2, wherein the at least one groove or cut plane is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the dressing part. The one-piece dental implant of claim 2, wherein the at least one groove is disposed inside one of the upper portions of the dressing portion, and the at least one groove extends downward from a top surface of the dressing portion.

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