TWI676091B - Power Adapter - Google Patents

Abstract

A power adapter includes a conversion device, a connection device, a first control device, and a handshake control device. The conversion device is coupled to a first DC voltage and includes at least a switching device. When the switching device performs alternate operations of on and off, it outputs a second DC voltage. The connecting device is coupled to the conversion device. Through the connection device, a load device can receive the second DC voltage and communicate with the power adapter. The first control device is coupled to the switching device, and outputs a control signal in response to the uniform energy signal to enable the switching device to perform the alternate operation. The handshake control device is coupled to the connection device and outputs the enable signal when the handshake is completed with the load device.

Description

Power Adapter

The present invention relates to a power adapter, and more particularly, to a power adapter with a Type-C USB (Type-C USB) interface.

At present, most electronic products use a DC power source as an input source. Therefore, the AC power is converted into a DC power through a power adapter, and then the power required for the electronic products to work is supplied. On many mobile devices and low-power electronic products, a universal serial bus (USB) is used as the interface of the power adapter. However, as the demand for electronic products on the market changes, many power adapters have started to use Type-C USB (Type-C USB) interfaces. A power adapter using a C-type universal serial bus interface will decide whether to turn on the power and supply DC power to the electronic product according to the configuration channel handshaking of the electronic product.

At present, the design of power adapters with C-type universal serial buses mostly includes an isolated circuit, and a switch is provided on the secondary side of the isolated circuit. The switch is used to turn on or off the connection to the C-type universal serial bus. A path for a power transmission line of a bus interface. When the handshaking of the configuration channel is completed, the switch will open the aforementioned path and transmit DC power to the electronic product through the power transmission line of the C-type universal serial bus interface. If the configuration of the channel handshaking is not completed, the switch will close the aforementioned path and stop transmitting DC power to the electronic product. There are many disadvantages to the current design. First, in the case where the power adapter has no load device, the primary side of the isolated circuit is still working continuously, and the power is coupled to the secondary side of the isolated circuit to form standby power loss. In addition, the switch provided on the secondary side complicates the circuit of the power adapter and increases the production cost. Furthermore, when the switch opens the aforementioned path, the DC power must still flow through the switch to the load device. When the DC power flows through the switch, it will also cause power loss.

In view of this, this disclosure proposes a power adapter, which has a connection device (such as a C-type universal serial bus interface) and an isolated circuit, and has no switch on the secondary side of the isolated circuit. In this way, the above problems are solved.

A power adapter includes a conversion device, a connection device, a first control device, and a handshake control device. The conversion device is coupled to the first DC voltage and includes at least one switching device. When the switching device performs alternate operations of on and off, the conversion device outputs a second DC voltage. The connecting device is coupled to the conversion device. The load device can receive the second DC voltage through the connection device and communicate with the power adapter. The first control device is coupled to the switching device and outputs a control signal in response to the uniform energy signal, so that the switching device performs the alternate operation. The handshake control device is coupled to the connection device. When the handshake control device and the load device complete the handshake, an enabling signal is output to the first control device.

The following description is an embodiment of the present invention. Its purpose is to illustrate the general principles of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention. The scope of the present invention shall be defined by the scope of the patent application.

Traditionally, the design of a power adapter has at least two switches, one of which is used as a switch for a switching mode converter, and the other as a transmission switch is set at the voltage transmission pin of a C-type universal serial bus connector ( VBUS) and the output of the converter. In order to meet the specification design of the C-type universal serial bus, the voltage transmission pin of the C-type universal serial bus connector cannot have a power output in the initial stage. Therefore, at present, the traditional design will have at least one switch (such as The transmission switch is coupled to the voltage transmission pin of the C-type universal serial bus connector, and the switch is used to turn on or off the voltage transmission.

As mentioned above, the existing power adapter has many defects. First, the transmission switch is turned on to transmit voltage. The voltage drop of the transmission switch itself will cause power loss, and the number of switches will significantly increase the production cost of the power adapter. In addition, regardless of whether the switch is on or off, the handshake control device continues to output control signals to the switch, causing the handshake control device to continuously consume the power of the circuit, which reduces the working efficiency of the power adapter. Furthermore, the larger the number of switches, the more complicated the circuit design of the power adapter will be. In addition to increasing production costs, it will also increase production difficulty. This disclosure proposes a new power adapter, which significantly reduces the number of switches required for the power adapter, simplifies the design of the power adapter, reduces its efficiency, and reduces the cost of the power adapter.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a power adapter 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The power adapter 100 includes a rectifying device 120, a first control device 130, a handshake control device 140, a conversion device 150, and a connection device 160. The conversion device 150 includes at least one switching device 152 and is coupled to the first DC voltage V1 generated by the rectifying device 120. The rectifying device 120 is coupled to the first control device 130 and the handshake control device 140. The connection device 160 is coupled to the handshake control device 140. The handshake control device 140 is coupled to the first control device 130. The first control device 130 is coupled to the switching device 152 of the conversion device 150, and the conversion device 150 is coupled to the connection device 160.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rectifying device 120 may be a half-bridge rectifier, a full-bridge rectifier, or other rectifiers for converting AC power to DC power, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In FIG. 1, the rectifying device 120 is configured to receive an AC power source 110 and convert the AC power source 110 into a first DC voltage V1. The rectifying device 120 energizes the first control device 130 and the handshake control device 140 by outputting the first DC voltage V1, and causes the first control device 130 and the handshake control device 140 to be activated.

In addition, the conversion device 150 is coupled to the rectifier device 120, and the switching device 152 in the conversion device 150 is directly coupled to the first DC voltage V1 generated by the rectifier device 120. The switching operation 152 in the conversion device 150 is used to perform alternate operations of on and off and cooperates with, for example, a rectifier element 156 to convert the first DC voltage V1 to the second DC voltage V2. As shown in FIG. 1, the switching device 152 is also coupled to the connection device 160, so the load device 170 can receive the second DC voltage V2 from the conversion device 150 through the connection device 160.

In this disclosure, the first control device 130 and the handshake control device 140 may be a processor, a microprocessor, a central processing unit (CPU), or other computer devices, but the disclosure does not Limited to this.

As shown in FIG. 1, after the handshake control device 140 is activated, the handshake control device 140 performs configuration channel handshaking with the load device 170 through the connection device 160. According to the configuration channel handshaking signal S1, the handshake control device 140 can identify whether the process of configuring the channel handshaking is completed. When the configuration channel handshake process is completed, the handshake control device 140 outputs an enable signal S2 to the first control device 130.

In this disclosure, since the connection device 160 of the power adapter 100 is a C-type universal bus (Type-C USB) connector, the load device 170 must also have a corresponding compliance with the specifications of the C-type universal serial bus Connect the device, otherwise you cannot complete the procedure of configuring the channel handshaking with the handshake control device 140. In addition, if the connection device 160 is not connected to the load device 170, the process of configuring channel handshaking cannot be completed.

When the first control device 130 receives the enable signal S2 from the handshake control device 140, the first control device 130 outputs a control signal S3 to the conversion device 150. The conversion device 150 is coupled to the first DC voltage V1 and transmits the first DC voltage V1 to the switching device 152. The switching device 152 in the conversion device 150 receives the control signal S3. The switching device 152 performs an alternate operation of turning on and off according to the control signal S3 from the first control device 130. At this time, the alternating operation of the switching device 152 can switch the first DC voltage V1 to cooperate with the operation of the rectifying element 156 to generate a second DC voltage V2. The switching device 152 can be a high-potential power semiconductor, such as an N-type metal oxide field effect transistor (N-MOSFET).

The second DC voltage V2 generated by the alternate operation of the switching device 152, because of the connection between the conversion device 150 and the connection device 160, allows the second DC voltage V2 to be transmitted to the load device 170 and supplies the load device 170 with the required electric power.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method 200 of a power adapter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Hereinafter, the process of the method 200 will be described with reference to FIG. 1 at the same time. In the method 200, first, step 210 is activating the first control device 130 and the handshake control device 140. It is worth noting that the method 200 requires that both the first control device 130 and the handshake control device 140 are powered on to facilitate subsequent method steps. When the handshake control device 140 is activated, it proceeds to step 220.

In step 220, after the handshake control device 140 is activated, it starts to detect whether a load device 170 is connected to the connection device 160. If the recognition result is that no load device 170 is connected to the connection device 160, the handshake control device 140 continuously detects whether there is a load device 170 connected to the connection device 160. In step 220, if the handshake control device 140 detects that the load device 170 is connected to the connection device 160, it proceeds to step 240.

In step 240, the handshake control device 140 starts a procedure of configuring a channel handshake with the load device 170 through the connection device 160. During the process of configuring the channel handshake, step 250 is performed simultaneously.

In step 250, when the handshake control device 140 recognizes that the process of configuring the channel handshake is completed, it outputs an enable signal S2 to the first control device 130 and proceeds to step 260. Conversely, when the handshake control device 140 recognizes that the procedure for processing the configuration channel handshake is not completed, step 240 is repeated.

In step 260, when the handshake control device 140 outputs the enable signal S2, it indicates that the process of configuring the channel handshake has been completed. As soon as the first control device 130 receives the enable signal S2, it outputs the control signal S3 to the conversion device 150. The switching device 152 allows the switching device 152 to perform alternate operations of on and off. At this time, the conversion device 150 can generate a second DC voltage V2.

In step 270, because the switching device 152 performs alternate operations of on and off, the conversion device 150 outputs the second DC voltage V2 to the connection device 160, and the load device 170 can receive the second DC voltage V2 through the connection device 160 to maintain Electricity needed for work.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a power adapter according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, for the sake of brevity, the same components, devices, and signals as those shown in FIG. 1 are represented by the same numerals and symbols. In FIG. 3, the conversion device 150 further includes a transformer device 154, and the transformer device 154 is coupled to the first DC voltage V1, the switching device 152, and the connection device 160 from the rectifying device 120. The transformer device 154 may be a transformer with an electrical isolation function (such as an isolation transformer), but this case is not limited thereto.

As shown in FIG. 3, after the rectifier 120 outputs the first DC voltage V1, and the first control device 130 and the handshake control device 140 are activated, the handshake control device 140 performs configuration channel communication with the load device 170 through the connection device 160 grip. According to the configuration channel handshaking signal S1, the handshake control device 140 can identify whether the process of configuring the channel handshaking is completed. When the configuration channel handshake process is completed, the handshake control device 140 outputs an enable signal S2 to the first control device 130. Then, the first control device 130 responds to the enable signal S2 and outputs a control signal S3 to the switching device 152, so that the switching device 152 performs alternate operations of turning on and turning off.

When the switching device 152 performs an alternate operation of turning on and off and the transformer device 154 receives the first DC voltage V1, because the switching device 152 performs an alternating operation, the transformer device 154 can cooperate with a rectifier element (not shown) to generate a first The two DC voltages V2 are transmitted to the load device 170 through the connection device 160.

FIG. 4 is a detailed circuit diagram of the power adapter 100 shown in FIG. 3. The conversion device 150 further includes a transformer device 154 and an energy storage element 156. The transformer device 154 is an isolated transformer, which includes a first winding resistance 154a and a second winding resistance 154b. The first winding 154a of the voltage transformation device 154 is coupled to the first DC voltage V1 and the switching device 152, the second winding 154b is coupled to the rectifier element 156, and the rectifier element 156 is coupled to the capacitor 162 and the connection device 160. After the first winding 154a of the transformer device 154 receives the first DC voltage V1 from the rectifying device, when the switching device 152 is performing alternate operations of on and off, the voltage of the second winding 154b of the transformer device 154 may be A second DC voltage V2 is generated through the rectifying element 156 and the capacitor 162 and transmitted to the connection device 160. The load device can receive the second DC voltage V2 through the connection device 160.

Here, if the load device 170 configures the channel with the handshake control device 140 through the connection device 160, and the handshake control device 140 does not output the enable signal S2, the first control device 130 does not output the The control signal S3 is given to the switching device 152. Because the switching device 152 is a high-voltage conducting power semiconductor (eg, N-MOSFET), and because the gate of the switching device 152 does not receive the control signal S3, the gate voltage is smaller than the threshold voltage value (Vth) of the switching device 152, When the switching device 152 is maintained in the OFF state, the conversion device 150 stops outputting the second DC voltage V2.

In some embodiments, the rectifying element 156 is coupled to the second winding 154 b of the transformer device 154 and the connection device 160. In this example, the rectifying element 156 is provided as a Diode for rectification, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In addition to rectifying the voltage output from the second winding 154b of the transformer device 154, the rectifying diode can also prevent reverse current from the load device 170 from flowing into the power adapter 100 through the transformer device 154. The component or component interferes with the normal operation or burnout of other components or components.

As shown in FIG. 4, the connection device 160 is a C-type universal serial bus (Type-C USB) connector, so the connection device 160 includes a first handshake pin CC1, a second handshake pin CC2, and a voltage. Transmission pin VBUS and ground pin. The first intersecting pin CC1 and the second intersecting pin CC2 are respectively coupled to the interleaving control device 140, and the intersecting control device 140 passes through the first intersecting pin CC1 and the second intersecting pin CC2 and the load device 170. Perform configuration channel handshake. In addition, the voltage transmission pin VBUS is coupled to the rectifier element 156 and is used to receive the second DC voltage V2 to the load device 170.

Please refer to FIG. 4, wherein the handshake control device 140 may be an isolated controller, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The isolated controller has an isolated circuit that divides the isolated controller into a primary circuit and a secondary circuit, and can be coupled to the primary and secondary sides of the power adapter 100, respectively. Therefore, the primary circuit of the handshake control device 140, the first control device 130, and the rectifier device 120 are commonly coupled to the primary ground terminal. The secondary circuit of the handshake control device 140, the second winding 154b of the transformer device 154, and the connection device 160 are coupled to the secondary ground terminal.

In summary, the main point of the present invention is that after the handshake control device 140 and the load device 170 complete the handshake procedure, the handshake control device 140 outputs an enable signal S2 so that the first control device 130 outputs a control signal S2. The switching device can alternately turn on or off according to the control signal S2. Only the power adapter 100 can provide the power required by the load device 170. Conversely, when the handshake control device 140 and the load device 170 have not completed the handshake procedure, the switch device stops working, so the secondary circuit in the power adapter 100 does not generate any power. Such a design not only greatly improves the working efficiency of the power adapter 100, but also significantly saves power consumption.

Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person with ordinary technical knowledge in the field can make some changes and substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the subsequent patent application.

100‧‧‧ Power adapter

110‧‧‧AC Power

120‧‧‧ Rectifier

130‧‧‧The first control device

140‧‧‧Handshake control device

150‧‧‧ conversion device

152‧‧‧ Switchgear

154‧‧‧Transformer

154a‧‧‧First winding

154b‧‧‧Second winding

156‧‧‧ Rectifier

160‧‧‧ Connected device

162‧‧‧Capacitor

170‧‧‧Load device

200‧‧‧ Method

210 ~ 270‧‧‧step

S1‧‧‧Configure channel handshake signal

S2‧‧‧ enable signal

S3‧‧‧Control signal

V1‧‧‧First DC voltage

V2‧‧‧Second DC voltage

CC1‧‧‧First hand

CC2‧‧‧Second hand

VBUS‧‧‧ voltage transmission pin

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a power adapter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of a power adapter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a power adapter according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a detailed circuit diagram of a power adapter according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims (5)

A power adapter includes: a conversion device coupled to a first DC voltage and at least a switching device that outputs a second DC voltage when the switching device performs alternate operations of on and off; a connection device, Is coupled to the conversion device, and through the connection device, a load device can receive the second DC voltage and communicate with the power adapter; a first control device is coupled to the switch device and outputs a control in response to a consistent energy signal The signal causes the switching device to perform the alternate operation; and a handshake control device coupled to the connection device, and outputs an enabling signal when the handshake is completed with the load device. The power adapter according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the switching device of the conversion device is coupled to the first DC voltage and the connection device. When the switching device performs alternate operations of on and off, the switching device is The first DC voltage is switched to generate the second DC voltage. The power adapter according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the conversion device further includes a voltage transformation device and a rectifying element, wherein the voltage transformation device includes a first winding and a second winding, and the first winding is coupled The first DC voltage and the switching device, the second winding is coupled to the rectifying element, and the rectifying element is coupled to the connection device. When the switching device performs alternate operations of on and off, the second The winding and the rectifying element generate the second DC voltage. The power adapter according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein when the load device does not complete the handshake with the handshake control device through the connection device, the handshake control device does not output the enable signal, so that The first control device does not output the control signal to the switching device. At this time, the switching device continues to maintain the off state, so that the conversion device stops outputting the second DC voltage. The power adapter according to item 3 of the patent application scope, wherein the connection device is a C-type universal serial bus, including a first cross-connect pin, a second cross-contact pin, and a voltage transmission pin.