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TWI666119B - 工業織物及使用超音波熔接技術來熔接接縫區域的方法 - Google Patents

工業織物及使用超音波熔接技術來熔接接縫區域的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI666119B
TWI666119B TW102145554A TW102145554A TWI666119B TW I666119 B TWI666119 B TW I666119B TW 102145554 A TW102145554 A TW 102145554A TW 102145554 A TW102145554 A TW 102145554A TW I666119 B TWI666119 B TW I666119B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
fabric
woven
seam
edges
yarns
Prior art date
Application number
TW102145554A
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English (en)
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TW201425038A (zh
Inventor
約瑟夫Ｐ 伯特爾胡
維克多Ｐ 拉斯科斯基
詹姆斯Ｐ 麥斯汀
珍妮佛Ｌ 瑞德曼
Original Assignee
美商阿爾巴尼國際公司
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Publication of TW201425038A publication Critical patent/TW201425038A/zh
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Publication of TWI666119B publication Critical patent/TWI666119B/zh

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08—Felts
    • D21F7/10—Seams thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7443—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc by means of ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7451—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7457—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool comprising a perforating tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/729—Textile or other fibrous material made from plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92611—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the gap between the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by using stops
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
    • D06H5/00—Seaming textile materials
    • D06H5/001—Devices or apparatus for connecting back and forward ends of fabrics, e.g. for continuous processing
    • D06H5/002—Devices or apparatus for connecting back and forward ends of fabrics, e.g. for continuous processing for tubular fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
    • D21F1/0054—Seams thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/032—Mechanical after-treatments
    • B29C66/0326—Cutting, e.g. by using waterjets, or perforating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
    • B29C66/0346—Cutting or perforating, e.g. burning away by using a laser or using hot air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1248—Interpenetrating groove joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/22—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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    • B29C66/4324—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms for making closed loops, e.g. belts
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/69—General aspects of joining filaments 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/9517—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration amplitude values or ranges
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Abstract

本發明係有關於工業織物的超音波熔接。具言之，本發明係有關使用一紋理化喇叭及/或砧來超音波熔接工業織物之接縫區域的方法。該織物邊緣在織造時會被重疊，或一或二邊緣可有一些經紗或緯紗被拆開。該方法包括超音波接合重疊的織物邊緣，減少該二堆疊邊緣的夾徑以匹配該織物本身的主體夾徑。該接合區域嗣可被使用雷射或其它機械裝置來打孔，以造成一接縫具有如同該織物本體的織造紋理和(空氣及/或水)可滲透率。

Description

工業織物及使用超音波熔接技術來熔接接縫區域的方法 發明領域
本發明係有關於工業織物，且更具言之係有關一種使用超音波熔接來熔接一工業織物之接縫區域的方法。
參考附件
所有於此提到的專利、專利申請案、文件及/或參考資料會併此附送參考，且可能被使用於本發明的實施。
發明背景
在造紙製程期間，一纖維素纖維帶疋會藉在一造紙機的成形部段中之一移動中的成形織物上沈積一纖維料漿，即是，纖維素纖維之一水分散物，而被形成。一大量的水會由該料漿穿過該成形織物被排出，而在該成形織物的表面上留下該纖維素纖維帶疋。
剛形成的纖維素纖維帶疋會由該成形部段前進至一壓著部段，其包含一系列的壓輪組。該纖維素纖維帶疋會被一壓著織物支撐，或，在通常情況下，係介於二此等壓著織物之間，來通過該等壓輪組。在該等壓輪組中，該纖維素纖維帶疋會受到壓縮力，其會將水由之搾出，且 此會使該帶疋中的纖維素纖維互相黏結而將該纖維素纖維帶疋轉變成一紙張。該水會被該等壓著織物所接收，且最理想是，不會回到該紙張中。
該紙張最後會前進至一乾燥部段，其中包含至少一系列可旋轉的乾燥筒或圓筒，其內部會被蒸氣加熱。剛形成的紙張會被一乾燥織物以一迂廻路徑引導依序地繞過該等轉筒系列中的每一個，該乾燥織物會將該紙張緊抵於該等轉筒的表面。該等加熱的轉筒會經由蒸發將紙張的水含量減少至一所需的標度。
應請瞭解該等成形、壓著和乾燥織物在該造紙機上全皆採取無端環圈的形式，且功能呈輸送帶的方式。亦請瞭解造紙是一種連續製程，其會以可觀的速度進行。此即是說，該纖維料漿會在該成形部段中連續地沈積於該成形織物上，而一剛製成的紙張會在其由該乾燥部段離開之後被連續地捲收於輥上。
亦請瞭解該等成形、壓著和乾燥部段的大部份，或至少包含如一部件，係為呈一無端環圈形式的織造物，具有一特定的長度，繞其縱向所測得，及一特定的寬度，橫過其橫向所測得。因為造紙機的構態廣泛地不同，造紙機布的製造者必需將成形、壓著和乾燥織物製成所需的尺寸，來配合其顧客之造紙機的成形、壓著和乾燥部段中的特定位置。毋庸待言，此要求會令其難以流線化該生產製程，因每一織物典型皆必須依訂單製造。
該織造的基礎織物本身採取許多不同的形式。例 如，它們可被織成無端的，或它們可被使用一或更多層的機器方向(“MD”)紗和橫交機器方向(“CD”)紗來平織，然後以一織造接縫形成無端形式。或者，它們可被以一通常稱為修正的無端織造之製法來製成，其中該基礎織物的橫向邊緣會被使用其MD紗來提供縫合環圈。在此製法中，該等MD紗會連續地前後編織於該織物的橫向邊緣之間，並在各邊緣處轉回而形成一縫合環圈。一以此方式製成的基礎織物當安裝在一造紙機上時係被置設成無端形式，為此原因而被稱為一可機上縫合的織物。要將此一織物設成無端形式時，該二橫向邊緣會被拉併在一起，在該二邊緣的縫合環圈會彼此穿插交疊，且一縫合銷或針會被導經由該等交疊的縫合環圈所形成的通道。
無論如何，該織造的基礎織物係呈無端環圈的形式，或是可縫合成該等形式，而具有一特定的長度，繞其縱向所測得，及一特定的寬度，橫過其橫向所測得。因為造紙機構態廣泛地不同，造紙機布製造者必須將壓著織物，及其它的造紙機布，製成所需的尺寸來配合其顧客之造紙機中的特定位置，因此每一織物典型皆必須依訂單製造。
現代的造紙機中之織物可具有一由5呎至超過33呎的寬度，一由40呎至超過400呎的長度，及由大約100磅至超過3000磅的重量。該等織物會磨損而需要更換。織物的更換通常包括將該機器停俥，移除該磨損的織物，設定成可安裝一織物，及安裝新的織物。雖許多織物是無端的， 但許多今日所用者係可在機上縫合。該織物的安裝包含將該織物本體拉引至一機器上，並將該織物末端接合來形成一無端帶。
接縫在工業織物或帶的功能及例如使用於造紙以及非織產品時會出現很大的問題。它們具有一厚度，或夾徑，其係不同於該接縫所接合的工業織物邊緣者，而該接縫與織物邊緣之間的夾徑厚度之差異會導致該帶上所帶送的產品之印記。若該接縫區域具有一比織物邊緣更大的夾徑，當該接縫曝露於機器構件而造成磨損或磨擦時，接縫故障亦可能發生。若該帶係流體(空氣及/或水)可滲透的，則該接縫區域相對於該織物本體中的可滲透率/多孔性差異，亦會造成正被使用該織物製造中的產品之可拒收的印記，或其它操作上的問題。
因此，不論該工業織物係為一成形、壓著、乾燥，透氣乾燥(TAD)織物，或一例如以熔噴、紡黏或水纏結等製法來製造非織物的工程織物，或用於濕製法譬如一DNT帶或污泥過濾帶等，或紡織完成整理帶者，該接縫一致性和整體性的性質是很關鍵的。
織物接縫終結處或該等紗線的末端，它們係被交編或交織來形成該接縫者，當在一造紙、紙板或薄紗/毛巾或其它工業機器上運行時，於該織物受到機器方向(MD)的張力時，則會易於拉回。為最小化此接縫的“拉回”，該接縫中的紗線之終端傳統上會被以一黏劑黏接於一相鄰的紗線。但是，黏劑並不能完全阻抗機器運行狀態，故經久之 後仍然會讓拉回或紗線滑動發生。同樣地，使用黏劑與其它的補強手段，譬如縫紉一造紙機布(PMC)、TAD或工程織物的終結端也不能製成所需的接縫整體性和一致性。
此外，使用傳統技術形成的接縫區域之寬度，當沿MD測量時，典型範圍例如為3.5至20吋之間或更大。因此，為了許多理由，乃需要減少此接縫區域的MD長度。
圖1(a~d)示出以傳統的接縫形成技術用於例如一TAD織物所相關聯的問題，其中該二織物邊緣的終結端會被再織入該織物中，“重疊”於該接縫區域和關鍵點512處，在該處該等末端可能沿該MD“拉回”，且該等末端本身可能突出穿出該紙張側的表面，係被示於圖1a。結果，由於該織物中局部應力增加，故在該重疊區域中的滑動會增加，如箭號所示(圖1b)，且會有一完全的滑動及一孔516出現在該織物的接縫區域中(圖1c)。因此該接縫的重疊區典型會以人工膠合518補強(圖1d)來增加其強度；但是膠合是一種耗費人力和時間的程序。由於其低精確度，故亦難以限制膠劑僅及於重疊的紗線。此外，該等膠劑最後亦會由於該織物的撓曲及/或該織物在造紙機上運行時磨損而致毀壞。
緣是，有需要一種不同或改良的強化接縫紗線末端終結處的手段，及所造成的接縫強度。
一種用於強化織物之接縫紗線末端終結處的可能技術係熱熔接，譬如超音波熔接。超音波係指高於人類聽覺範圍的聲音，即>20000Hz，而超音波熔接係指使用聲 波來融化結合材料。許多嚐試曾被進行來使用超音波能量將織物邊緣接合在一起，即將該織物的長度接合成無端形式來製成一無端帶。
但是，不可接受的接縫形成結果時常會由超音波熔接產生，譬如紗線的過度熔解，減低的接縫滲透率，及織物中由於局部紗線收縮而變形，全皆部份由該傳統的超音波熔接係依據修正時間、能量和距離等多個參數之事實所滋生者。
發明概要
因此，該領域中仍有需要一種造成具有可接受的表面光滑度，一致性，多孔性，開放性，強度，及耐久性的織物接縫之手段，其係可應用於廣泛範圍的織物種類者。
緣是，本發明係為一種使用超音波能量來將一織物邊緣黏接於另一織物邊緣的方法。該織物係由一人造聚合樹脂的MD和CD紗所織成。在該平織織物的CD邊緣中的MD和CD紗可被再編織來形成一接縫區域，且該接縫區域可被曝露於超音波能量，而將MD紗末端互相黏接，及/或接合於一或更多的CD紗末端，以形成一無端織物或帶。
在另一實施例中，一長度的平織織物具有二CD邊緣可具有該織物的每一CD邊緣，其含有相同的MD和CD紗，而在MD互相重疊某些距離，並接合來將該平織織物形成一無端織物或帶。
該平織織物的二CD邊緣亦可在各端處被摺回該 織物本體上。有些CD紗可被拆開，而曝露出MD紗的長度，其可形成環圈。來自各CD織物邊緣的環圈嗣會被互相交疊來形成一通道，且一銷或針會被插入該通道中來形成一接縫。該等縫合環圈可被如下地形成：在各CD邊緣繞一針摺回一長度的該織物，在該反摺處拆開多數的CD紗，因此當該織物末端被摺回該拆開區域時可容許MD紗形成環圈，且該摺回的織物長度會被以超音波熔接附接於該本體，如前所述。該摺回可在5~30cm的範圍內。該摺回接縫可被用來固定插入該等MD紗環圈之間的縫合線圈(一個或每一邊緣一個)，並與銷或針連接來形成一螺旋鏈圈接縫。在任一情況下，該摺回區域可在交疊該等環圈之前藉由本發明的實施而被黏接於該織物本體。
或者，該平織織物的接縫可被形成為一“針接縫”，如精習於該技術者所知，其必須在各CD邊緣將MD紗再織入該織物本體中，並在各CD邊緣形成環圈。來自各CD邊緣的環圈嗣會被互相交疊，且一銷或針會被插入該空間內來形成一針接縫。在該變化例中，螺旋線圈可藉由銷或針連接於該等環圈，而形成螺旋鏈圈接縫，如精習於該技術者所知。該等織物亦能被以於此所述的超音波熔接技術來改良。在該等接縫中，形成該等接縫環圈本身的MD紗，可在該等環圈交疊之前被熔接或融合於該等CD紗，以防止它們在使用時於操作張力下被拉出。
又，織造材料帶的螺旋捲繞必須邊緣對邊緣接縫，此係被詳述於No.5,360,656美國專利中，其完整內容 併此附送參考，且亦可被以在此所述的超音波熔接技術來改良。
本發明不同於習知技術可在於，當超音波能量施加於正被互相黏接的織物層時，控制運作的時間長度，及控制被該喇叭供應超音波震動而施於其上的壓力。
本方法之一實施例包含以下步驟：提供一超音波熔接裝置具有一紋理化喇叭用以輸送超音波能量至一平織織物的接縫區域，及提供一有或沒有紋理化的砧，該喇叭可被移動朝向並抵住它來將該二織物層夾緊在一起以供黏接。該喇叭和該砧二者皆可被適當地紋理化，或只有該喇叭或該砧一者。
在本發明實施例的實施中，該二織物邊緣係被彼此重疊置於該砧上，且該喇叭會朝向該砧上之二重疊的織物邊緣移動。
當該喇叭夾緊重疊的織物邊緣抵住該砧之力達到一預擇標度時，該喇叭會被啟動來輸送超音波能量至該二重疊的織物邊緣。當該喇叭輸送超音波能量至該二重疊邊緣而熔化並融合它們由之織成的紗線時，該力會增加超過此預擇的觸發力至所需程度。該喇叭當其達到離該砧一預擇的距離時，則會除能來停止由之輸送超音波能量。由該喇叭施加抵住該二重疊織物邊緣的力嗣會被保持一預擇的固持時間，以容許該等紗線之熔化的聚合樹脂材料冷却並在壓縮下硬化。最後，該喇叭會被由該二重疊的織物邊緣和砧拉回，而露出現已成無端織物的接縫區域。
在實施時，該二織物邊緣係藉重複上述步驟多數次來互相黏接，因為被互相黏接的織物層在CD典型係比該超音波喇叭/砧裝置的寬度更寬許多。因此，要進行一縫合操作時，例如，該二重疊的織物邊緣必須被以等於該喇叭/砧之寬度的增量來被接合在一起，且相鄰增量之間的任何重疊皆被保持一最小值。此將需要該裝置相對於該等重疊的織物邊緣，於正被形成的接縫之每一裝置寬度段已被接合之後，被移動一等於該裝置之寬度的距離。此過程必須被依需要重複許多次來移動該裝置，每一步皆等於其寬度，橫越該織物的寬度。
本發明可被應用於將織物縫合成無端環圈，以供作為紙、板和類似產品之製造中的工業帶。例如，使用於雙軋稠化機(DNT)上的帶乃可依據本發明來被縫合。用於處理漿粕及/或污泥，或必須移除流體以使其固體含量增加的任何其它材料之任何雙線壓著的帶，皆可藉由本發明的實施來被縫合。
本發明亦可被應用於在一透氣乾燥機(TAD)織物，一用以製造非織物的工程織物，一波紋帶，或一用於紡織完成整理製程的織物/帶，或一鞣皮處理帶中造成一接縫。本揭露會達成在造紙機布或任何其它織物中造成接縫的須求，其中最好該接縫區域在紋理以及空氣及/或水的可滲透率方面，係儘可能甚為類似或相同於該織物的本體。此等接縫可能在機器方向(“MD”)，橫交機器方向(“CD”)，或沿該織物的長度螺旋。
因此，本發明之一實施例係為一種用以縫合一具有一長度及一寬度之工業織物的方法，該方法包含以下步驟：以一預定距離重疊該織物之一第一邊緣與該織物之一第二邊緣，將該等重疊邊緣的至少一部份置於一超音波喇叭與一砧之間，及藉施加超音波能量一預定的時間長度，或直到一預定量的能量被正被熔接的部份吸收為止，而來熔接該等重疊邊緣的部份，其中該喇叭及/或砧之一接觸織物表面係被紋理化或圖案化。
依據一實施例，該預定距離可為20cm或更少，10cm或更少，或較好為5cm或更少。該紋理或圖案可為該織物之一編織圖案的一壓印鏡像或仿似物。該織物可藉交織多數的經紗與多數的緯紗來製成。該織物可為一平織織物，或一藉螺旋捲繞一織造紗材料的織物帶所製成的織物。或者，該織物可為一包含平織材料帶的織物，在該織物之平行環圈的相鄰邊緣處具有MD接縫。該等平行環圈可具有CD接縫區域，其在該MD可為對齊或參差的。
依據本發明之一實施例，該方法可包含在重疊該等邊緣之前由該織物的一或二邊緣拆開一或多條紗線的步驟。該方法亦可包含如下步驟：在熔接該二邊緣之前，添加一或多條的單絲、複絲紗、扁帶或帶於該織物之該喇叭及/或砧側上。該喇叭及/或砧可具有一高凸部份可適於接觸一織物表面。該喇叭及/或砧可具有一或更多凹溝來固持該等“加入”的一或多條單絲、複絲紗、扁帶或帶。該織物的第一和第二邊緣可為橫向邊緣或縱向邊緣。
依據本發明之一實施例，該方法可包含如下步驟：在該織物的熔接部份中造成一或多個貫孔或孔隙。該一或多個貫孔或孔隙可藉雷射鑽孔或機械冲孔來被造成。
本發明依據一實施例係為一種工業織物，具有一長度及一寬度，該織物包含該織物之一第一邊緣會與該織物之一第二邊緣重疊有一預定距離，其中該等重疊邊緣的至少一部份會被熔接，且其中該熔接部份具有一紋理或圖案。該預定距離可為20cm或更少，10cm或更少，或較好為5cm或更少。該織物可為以下之一者：造紙機織物(PMC)，TAD織物，用於製造非織物的工程織物和帶，用於紡織完成整理製程包括軋光或獸皮製革的污泥脫水、漿粕脫水織物，及波紋帶。
依據一實施例，該紋理或圖案可為該等織物紗線之一織造圖案的一壓印鏡像或仿似物。該織物可藉交織多數的經紗與多數的緯紗來製成。該織物可為一平織織物或一藉螺旋捲繞一編織紗材料之織物帶所製成的織物。或者，該織物可為一種包含平織材料帶而在該織物之平行環圈的相鄰邊緣具有MD接縫的織物。該等平行環圈可具有CD接縫區域，其在該MD可為對齊或參差的。
在一方向之一或更多紗線可在熔接之前被由該織物的一或二邊緣拆開。此外，在熔接之前，一或更多的單絲、複絲紗、扁帶或帶可被添加於一平行於該等拆開紗線的方向。該織物的第一和第二邊緣可為橫向邊緣或縱向邊緣。
依據一實施例，該織物在該熔接部份可包含一或更多個貫孔或孔隙。該一或多個貫孔或孔隙可藉雷射鑽孔或機械冲孔來造成。該織物的熔接部份之空氣及/或水可滲透率可為類似或如同該織物本體的其餘部份者。
藉著消減與傳統之超音波熔接相關聯的缺點，本發明的超音波熔接技術係能夠達成具有增加的強度、增加的耐久性及/或織物可用壽命的織物接縫，且接縫紋理及空氣/水的滲透率如同或類似於該織物之本體者。
本發明之一實施例係為一種用於一造紙機之成形、壓著及乾燥部段，包括一透氣乾燥機(TAD)的工業織物或帶。本發明的織物或帶亦可被用作一紙張傳輸器之一構件，長軋面(LNP)或軋光帶，或作為其它工業處理帶，譬如波紋帶。該織物亦可被用作一紡織完成整理帶的一部份，譬如一預縮整理帶或鞣皮帶。又，本發明的織物可被使用於其它工業設備，其中工業帶會被用來脫水一材料者。例如，該織物可被使用於一漿粕成形或漿粕壓著帶，在一除墨製程中用來輸送及/或脫水回收紙的帶，譬如在一雙軋稠化(DNT)除墨機上之一脫水帶，或在一污泥脫水帶中。本發明的織物亦可被使用於一藉例如氣流成網、紡黏、熔噴或水纏結等製法來製造非織物的帶及/或套筒中。
雖該等詞語織物、工業織物、和織物結構主要會被使用於本揭露中，但織物、帶、輸送帶和織物結構係可互換地被用來描述本發明的結構物。
會特徵化本發明之各種新穎特徵係被詳細指出 於所附並形成本揭露的一部份之申請專利範圍中。為能更佳地瞭解本發明，其操作優點及其使用所獲得的目的，請參閱後附的說明內容，其中本發明之較佳但非限制性的實施例係被示於所附圖式中，其中對應的部件會被以相同的標號來標示。
在本揭露中的“包含有”及“包含”等用語可意為“含有”和“包括”，或可具有美國專利法中一般賦予“包含有”或“包含”等詞語的意義。“主要由…所組成”或“主要由…所構成”等詞語若被用於申請專利範圍中，乃具有美國專利法中歸屬於它們的意義。本發明的其它態樣會被描述於以下揭露中或可由之顯而易知(且在本發明的範圍內)。
10，12‧‧‧橫向邊緣
14‧‧‧緯紗
16‧‧‧經紗
18，418‧‧‧熔接區域
20，120，220，420‧‧‧超音波喇叭
22，32‧‧‧紋理化表面
24，224，424，516‧‧‧孔
30，230，430‧‧‧砧
100‧‧‧基礎織物，螺捲織物
218‧‧‧材料
240，340‧‧‧凸出物
250‧‧‧模
260‧‧‧織物
440，450‧‧‧銷
512‧‧‧關鍵點
518‧‧‧人工膠合
本發明現將被參照所附圖式更完整詳細地描述，其中相似的標號表示相似的元件和部件，它們會被指明於後。
圖1(a)~圖1(d)示出使用傳統的方法來縫合某些工業織物的缺點；圖2(a)~圖2(d)示出依據本發明之一實施例的一種超音波熔接方法中所包含的步驟；圖3為一使用依據本發明之一態樣的超音波熔接所製備的織物之一例；圖4(a)~圖4(g)示出依據本發明之一實施例的一種超音波熔接方法中所包含的步驟；圖5(a)~圖5(b)示出依據本發明之一實施例的一種超 音波熔接方法中所包含的步驟；圖6示出一超音波喇叭/砧的截面圖；圖7(a)~圖7(f)示出依據本發明之一實施例的一種超音波熔接方法中所包含的步驟；圖8(a)~圖8(e)示出依據本發明之一實施例的一種超音波熔接方法中所包含的步驟；及圖9(a)~圖9(c)示出依據本發明之一實施例的一種超音波熔接方法中所包含的步驟。
較佳實施例之詳細說明
現請轉至圖式，圖2(a)係為一示意圖示出一包含於一依據本發明之一實施例用以縫合一工業織物的方法中的步驟。該工業織物的基礎織物100可例如為一平織織物，其中經紗16係與緯紗14交織來形成一織物，具有一長度及二橫向邊緣10、12。任何一般精習於該技術者所知的編織圖案皆可被用於織造基礎織物100。
該基礎織物被織成之後，織物邊緣10、12會被拉併在一起並置於超音波喇叭20與一砧30之間來被熔接，例如圖2(a)中所示。邊緣10、12的重疊可為20cm或更少，10cm或更少，或較好為5cm或更少。該喇叭20或砧30之任一者或兩者可具有紋理化表面22、32，或有一圖案形成於其上，而使該表面22、32成為該基礎織物100的本體內之編織圖案的鏡像。此即是說，該紋理化表面可被以一方式構製成使其採取正被熔接之該織物的編織圖案之形狀。該紋理可包 含多數的凸出部份以及多數的凹下部份，而成為該基礎織物的本體內之編織圖案的鏡像。
該熔接的深度可被如下地控制，例如，設定一機械擋止物或利用其它裝置來控制該喇叭與砧之間的距離，將要被熔接的織物置於該喇叭與砧之間；及使用超音波能量熔接該織物的一部份，直到該喇叭達到該預定深度，嗣繼續在該深度熔接一預定的時間長度，或直到一預定量的能量被吸收為止。
一機械擋止物(未示出)可被用來控制該喇叭能最靠近該砧的距離。換言之，該機械擋止物會指示該超音波喇叭能透入正被熔接的織物之深度。該喇叭與砧間之此距離即該間隙。當該喇叭達到一機械擋止物時，其會繼續在該距離處熔接任何時間或能量，其係被設定為不會有織物夾徑的進一步損失者。當該超音波能量施加時，該材料會在壓縮下被固持著。但是，該任務是要控制該喇叭的穿入深度或該砧的穿入深度。在任一情況下，該砧與該喇叭末端之間的距離會決定該熔接的深度，及所形成之熔接的強度。
當熔接時，在該織物邊緣10、12中的紗線材料係至少部份地被熔化，且該等邊緣會被接合或縫合，例如圖2(b)中所示。因來自該一或二邊緣的紗線材料在熔接時會熔化並流入該織物的空隙中，故該熔接會形成一熔接區域18，例如圖2(c)中所示。
使用於本發明的超音波熔接之一舉例裝置包含 一超音波熔接機，或在該技術中一般係概稱為一超音波套組(或聲波套組)。該套組係由三個部份所組成，即是該轉化器、升壓器及該喇叭。一圍繞該升壓器的環即該套組被夾緊於該套組固持件內之處。一機械擋止物係被設成會使該套組固持件或夾具固持著該套組的中立點，或該升壓器的環會被阻止由一所需之點再向下移動。當該超音波焊接機啟動時，該喇叭的末端會在此設定點的上方和下方以某一振幅振動。但是，當該超音波焊接機關閉時，則該機械擋止物即為設定該喇叭與砧之間有一固定距離之物。例如，若部件1和2係要被熔接在一起，則該擋止物會被依據該等部件的夾徑及所需的熔接深度來設定於一預定高度。當該套組開始向下移動時，該超音波末端會關閉，且在該喇叭接觸該等樣品之後很快地，一預定的載壓值會被達到。此載壓會被以一壓力感測器來測量，例如一裝在該套組罩殼上的測壓胞元。在此點，該超音波能量會被開啟。請注意，在此點該套組罩殼(於此以該升壓器的環代表，它是被夾住於其中)尚未接觸該擋止物。當繼續熔接時，熔接所產生的熱會與該喇叭在該等部件上的向下壓力結合，而使該熔接區域中的材料夾徑減少，直到該套組罩殼撞到該擋止物為止，故會阻止織物夾徑的任何進一步減少。但是，該超音波能量仍保持開啟，並繼續熔接。於該超音波能量被關閉之後，該等熔接部件典型會保持在壓力下一預定量的時間，以使它們能冷却並固化在一起，此會給該熔接區域改良的物理性質，譬如強度。該套組嗣會縮回，且該熔接 完成。
熔接能被使用時間、能量或距離來控制。例如，當一特定的觸發力已達到之後，該機器會熔接一設定量的時間，或一設定量的能量，或下移一定距離進入該織物中。該超音波熔接技術會造成一更強的接合，而有一可接受的紗線變形量，並容許一致的熔接遍及該織物的整個寬度，因為全部的熔接參數已經固定，以及添加一額外的控制度，其能造成一更牢靠甚多的製程而具有一較大的可接受處理條件之窗口。
該喇叭與砧之間的距離亦是由要被熔接的材料來決定。在本發明之一實施例中，要被熔接的材料是一織物，而該喇叭與該砧之間的最初距離係等於該織物夾徑或厚度。
在該MD的每次熔接之實際長度乃取決於該經紗和緯紗的尺寸及它們的密度(數目和間隔)。每次熔接的寬度亦取決於該纖絲直徑和該經紗或緯紗間隔。該熔接區域能被儘可能地製得更小且仍獲得所需的接縫強度，並用以保持某些特性，譬如紋理及空氣/水可滲透率會如同該織物本體，及後續在該織物上被製成的紙或其它產品中。
本發明亦有關使用所述的方法來改良該接縫。以該超音波熔接製法形成的接縫會造成比傳統的接縫更短(若使用一“平行”環圈接縫在該MD或CD所測得)；更強的接縫；會減少例如紙張印記之可能性的接縫；及會保持類似或相同於該織物本體之其餘部份的空氣和水可滲透率的接 縫等之利益。
本發明亦有關於改良該接縫的整體性。例如，當該織物在使用時，很重要的是，當該織物正在一造紙或薄紗機上運行時，該接縫區域會保持其整體性。保持該織物接縫的整體性會增加該織物的可用操作壽命。用於平織織物的不同接縫已經被討論，而本發明的超音波熔接技術可被應用於某些接縫，例如一針接縫，其中形成該接縫環圈本身的MD紗可被熔接或融合於CD紗，以防止它們在使用時於操作張力下被拉出，故會改良該接縫強度和耐久性。
本發明現將藉由以下的非限制例來進一步說明。本發明之一實施例是一種利用超音波熔接和雷射鑽孔來縫合一工業織物的方法。依據此實施例，該織物的兩端會被重疊，且該重疊量會依據所需的織物接縫強度而改變。該織物接縫區域可保持如以MD和CD紗所織成，或該織物之一或二邊緣在該織物要被熔接的區域可具有CD紗被拆開。現在由二織物層構成的重疊區域會在一所施載壓下被如所述地超音波熔接，而使最後的接縫夾徑係等於該單層的原始織物者。圖2(a)示出本發明之一實施例。
圖2(b)示出一固定的突入熔接，或以一斜面喇叭或一旋轉喇叭的連續熔接，其可被用來接合該織物末端。該接合區域會變成較不可滲透的，因為每單位面積質量被壓縮至所需厚度而較大於該原始織物者。如圖2(c)中所示，在拆開的織物被使用的情況下，其密度係雙倍於該原始織物者。
依據一實施例，一紋理化喇叭20可被使用，而使區域具有如同該織物的廓形。一紋理化砧30亦可造成所需的廓形。該喇叭和該砧二者皆可具有適當的紋理。
依據一實施例，該喇叭420可包含凸出的銷450用以造成凹口等，在該處孔424會被雷射鑽孔，如圖9(a)~(c)中所示。類似地，該砧430可具有凸出的銷440用以由相反側造成凹口等，在該處孔424會被雷射鑽孔。
該熔接區域418可被例如雷射鑽孔來造成類似於該原始織物的空氣及/或水可滲透率。孔424可被製成垂直於該織物的表面或呈不同的角度來更近似地模擬該原始織物。例如，圖2(d)示出一依據本發明之一實施例所縫合的織物之示意圖，具有一每cm2具有324個孔的等同物。在一(MD)長為1cm×10m寬(橫過該織物)的接縫上具有1000cm2的面積上，使用每秒1000孔的保守鑽孔率，其會耗用大約5.5分鐘的雷射鑽孔時間來造成所需的孔24等。
本熔接方法的一些利益係為該接合區域將會具有類似或等同於該織物本體之其餘部份的夾徑、廓形和可滲透率。該熔接的接縫遍及該織物的整個壽命係可比傳統的接縫更為耐用。於此所述的方法可被用來製造造紙織物，包括成形織物、壓著織物、乾燥織物、工程織物、透氣乾燥(TAD)織物，以及該等織物或任何其它前述的造紙、工程或工業處理織物/帶的一者之一部件。其亦可被用於任何其它有一接合區域需要仿似該織物本體的用途。
此方法可被用來造成一螺捲織物100，例如在 Rexfelt‘656專利中所教示者：
1.沿該黑色箭號的方向，繞二互相以一適當距離間隔分開的平行輥(未示出)饋進一織物條，該距離係大約為例如圖3中所示的織物/帶之最後所需長度的一半。該織物帶會被饋進該系統中來重疊相鄰的既有織物環圈至某一小量(5cm或更少)。該最初的織造織物可被如原地重疊，或一或二個相鄰的織物邊緣層可有一些或全部的MD紗或經紗被拆開至該重疊的距離。
2.在A點處超音波接合。此接合會減少該二疊合的織物層之夾徑至匹配該織物本身的主體夾徑。此接合接縫將係為該等織物帶的重疊寬度(5cm或更小)。該超音波喇叭(及/或可能該砧)可具有一紋理在其/它們的表面上來賦予一圖案，其將會仿似周邊織物的表面。於此該等重疊的織物邊緣在接合之前會被置於該喇叭與砧之間。在接合後，該接縫的夾徑係如同該織物的本體。但在一頂視圖中，例如圖2(c)中所見，乃示出該等孔已被熔化的材料封閉而可滲透率會下降。
3.當該接合的接縫區域由A點前進至B點時，雷射鑽孔可被進行。所鑽之孔的圖案和尺寸可近似該織物本體中的孔隙。此方法可被與突入熔接(其中該織物會被沿固定的長度片段引入)或連續熔接一起使用，其將會以一固定速率前進。但應請瞭解，該等孔尺寸可為等於、小於或大於該織物本體內的孔尺寸。該孔的尺寸及該孔密度可取決於該織物之熔接區域中所需的滲透率。
但請瞭解，當使用上述的超音波熔接方法來接合“平行”織物環圈的相鄰邊緣以製成一無端織物時，若形成該織物環圈的帶係被平織而需要CD接縫來使該等環圈成為無端的，則該等環圈中的CD接縫亦可被以所述的方法來超音波黏接，且該等接縫可橫過整個織物寬度(CD)為對齊或參差的。
在另一實施例中，一長度的平織織物在各端會有二CD邊緣被摺回該織物本體上。一些CD紗可被拆開，而曝露出某長度的MD紗，其可形成環圈。來自各CD織物邊緣的環圈嗣會被互相交疊以形成一通道，且一銷或針會被插入該通道中來形成一接縫。該等縫合線圈可被如下地形成：在各CD邊緣繞一針摺回一長度的該織物，在該反摺處拆開多數條CD紗，而使當該織物端被摺回時該拆開區域容許MD紗被形成環圈，且該摺回的織物長度會被以上述的超音波熔接附接於該本體。該摺回可在5~30cm的範圍內。該摺回接縫可被用來固定插入該等MD紗環圈之間的縫合線圈(一個或每一邊緣一個)，並與銷或針連接來形成一螺旋鏈圈接縫。在任一情況下，該摺回區域可在該等環圈交疊之前藉本發明的實施被接合於該織物本體。
或者，用於平織織物的接縫可被形成一“針接縫”，如精習於該技術者所習知，其須要在各CD邊緣將MD紗再織入該織物本體中，並在各CD邊緣形成環圈。來自各CD邊緣的環圈嗣會被互相交疊，且一銷或針會被插入該空間中以形成一針接縫。在變化例中，螺旋線圈可藉由針或 銷被連接於該等環圈，而形成螺旋鏈圈接縫，如精習於該技術者所習知。此等織物亦能被以所述的超音波熔接技術來改良。在該等接縫中，形成該等接縫環圈本身的MD紗可在該等環圈交疊之前先被熔接或融合於該等CD紗，以防止它們在使用時於操作張力下被拉出。
在本發明之一實施例中，該喇叭120可例如具有一小高凸區域。該喇叭及/或砧可為紋理化或光滑的。但是，大的和小的，有紋理和光滑的喇叭及砧之其它構態亦可促進該等織物末端的熔接，以保持該織物之一或兩面上的廓形。
本發明之一實施例是一種用以接合一接縫區域中之交結的邊鬚紗的方法，例如圖4(d)中所示。依據此實施例，該織物的二邊緣會藉移除一方向的紗線而被拆解，且該等邊鬚紗會被纏結在一起。該超音波喇叭可被施加於一面，且一砧置於另一面。一與被熔接之織物邊緣分開的單絲可對該等邊鬚紗呈90度定向，在該接縫正被造成時，添加於該熔接區域。該單絲可被熔接於該織物接縫區域中，並跨越因拆解所造成的間隙。吾人可看出以此方法者織物間隔係被精確地保持在一特定走向，且該等添加的單絲係被精準地添加於該接合區域中，且適當數目的單絲會被添加，則一接縫係幾乎不能與該織物的本體區別。
依據本實施例的方法能與添加於該熔接區域之一單絲或多條單絲一起被使用。該等單絲可被添加在如所述之熔接的喇叭或砧之側上。一具有一凸緣如所示，或具 有凹溝以固持加入的單絲紗之砧或喇叭可被利用於本發明的實例中。
如圖2(c)中所示，該喇叭在高凸區域之面上具有一光滑表面，其將會造成令一織物熔接具有一光滑的平坦區域。但是，若需要保持該等纖絲的原來廓形或形狀，則一紋理化的高凸區域可被使用。此方法係為一種以較長熔接時間來達到一受控深度的熔接而不必使用一機械擋止物的方式。此方法亦能被使用於一機械擋止物可能不易實行的情況。
本發明依據另一實施例是一種藉重疊該織物之二邊緣一小量，例如20cm或更少，10cm或更少，或較好為5cm或更少，而來造成一具有紋理和可滲透率之接縫的方法。該等織物邊緣可被如織造時地重疊，或在該織物之一邊緣部份中一或二層可有一些或全部的經紗或緯紗被拆開。下個步驟包含以超音波熔接該等重疊的織物邊緣，其將會減少該二堆疊織物的夾徑成匹配該織物本身的主體夾徑。此接合區域(接縫)將為該等織物邊緣的原來重疊寬度。
該超音波喇叭及/或砧可在它們的表面上具有一紋理來賦予一圖案，其會仿似該織物本體的表面。
依據一實施例，於該固持時間中，一機械力(凸輪、連桿、或空氣壓力)會使埋在該喇叭220或砧230中的一系列壓印物或凸出物240(平的、尖的、圓筒形、矩形等)向外伸出穿過該織物，並伸入相反部份的模250中，例如圖7(a)中所示。在如此進行時，該等凸出物240會壓縮相對凸出物 之間的一小段材料218，它們當該喇叭和砧被帶送在一起時可能有或沒有互相接觸，在該處該聚焦的超音波能量會迅速地熔化該材料218，並使其流出該等凸出物之間的區域，而留下一孔或空隙224筆直貫穿該織物260，例如圖7(f)中所示。如圖7(b)~(d)中所示，該等壓印物會被置設成使它們對應於該紋理化砧的圖案，即所造成的孔是在該未熔接織物中的可滲透通道之處。另一種可能係在凸出物之間被衝擊的材料218可能未完全熔化，故一薄膜可能會殘留。於此情況下，某些其它能量(壓縮空氣，化學溶解，雷射能)可在一稍後步驟中被用來移除該膜，例如圖7(c)中所示。
所形成的空隙之形狀可為圓形、卵形、方形、三角形、梯形或任何其它適當的形狀。空氣壓力可被用來縮回該等壓印物240，以及移除該聚合物殘料，並分開該喇叭220與砧230。或者，該等殘料可被吹回穿出該模，而來造成一具有該夾徑、紋理、和滲透率近似於該織物本體的接縫。
依據一實施例，在一後續的步驟中，一雷射或其它機械冲孔/刺穿/鑽孔方法會被用來在上述的熔接區域中造成孔，以移除一部份熔化的材料並恢復該區域中的局部滲透率成其在熔接之前者，或甚至由該等紗線之間的空隙移除一些材料，以使該熔接縫區域中的局部滲透率類似或相同於該織物本體的其餘部份。
但是，分開地熔接之一負作用可能是該織物中的孔隙和通道在壓力下會被熔化的材料封閉，故一後續的操 作(雷射鑽孔等)會需要來造成孔並開放該織物，以恢復該接縫區域中的滲透率至匹配該織物的本體者。此後續操作有時會是耗時、高成本，難以對準該織物的紋理而使孔被正確地造成於所要之處，且注入該織物中的熱可能會損害其強度。
因此，依據一實施例，本發明的方法亦可適用於在單一裝置中該超音波能量會互相接合二相鄰的織物邊緣並移除該接合材料的狀況，例如圖8(a)~(e)中所示，其中銷或凸出物340可被使用於該喇叭及/或砧之一接觸織物表面上來造成貫孔，其可容許流體譬如空氣和水通行穿過該織物接縫區域。
以上實施例中所述方法的一些範例係如下：
(範例1)
使用一具有紋理的40kHz超音波熔接器，一TAD織物會被曝露於一500ms熔接時間，及一具有40微米振輻的1秒固持時間(即在熔接後，該紋理化喇叭在升高之前會停留在該熔接位置1秒鐘)。該接縫區域上的測計壓力為144kPa，而該觸發力(TRS)為111N。
該製程的結果係一TAD織物會具有一比傳統接縫更強的接縫區域，且其具有的紋理和可滲透率係類似或相同於該織物本體的其餘部份。
雖以上實施例係參照織造織物來被說明，但本發明並不受限於此。例如，上述的方法可被用來縫合由非織物、膜、MD或CD紗陣列，或該等結構物與織造物之一組 合物所製成的工業織物基材。同樣地，某些實施例係有關於在橫交機器方向(CD)形成接縫，但本發明並不受限於此。於此所述的方法亦可被應用於在機器方向(MD)形成的接縫。
如一般精習於該技術者所瞭解，某些織物譬如PMC織物和工程織物典型包含聚合物製成的單絲或紗線，譬如聚酯、聚丙烯、聚醯胺及聚乙烯醚酮。但是，依據以上實施例所製成的織物並不受限於此，且一般精習於該技術者所知的任何聚合材料亦可被使用於本發明的實施。
故本發明的目的和優點會被實現，且雖較佳實施例已被詳細揭露並描述於上，但其範圍和目的不應因此受限制；而是其範圍應由所附申請專利範圍來決定。

Claims (48)

  1. 一種用於縫合一具有一長度及一寬度的工業織物之方法，該方法包含以下步驟：以一預定距離重疊該織物之一第一邊緣與該織物之一第二邊緣；將該重疊部份的至少一部份置於一超音波喇叭與一砧之間；及藉施加超音波能量來熔接該部份的重疊區域；其中該喇叭及/或砧之一接觸織物表面係紋理化或圖案化，該紋理或圖案是該織物之一本體部份中之一編織圖案的壓印鏡像或仿似物，其中該熔接的接縫區域具有一夾徑等同於該織物之一本體者。
  2. 如請求項1之方法，其中該預定距離為20cm或更少，10cm或更少，或較好為5cm或更少。
  3. 如請求項1之方法，其中該熔接區域是該織物之一接縫區域。
  4. 如請求項1之方法，其中該織物係藉交織多數的經紗與多數的緯紗所製成。
  5. 如請求項4之方法，其中該織物是一平織物，或一藉螺旋捲繞一織造紗材料之織物帶所製成的織物；或，該織物可包含平織的材料帶而在該織物的平行環圈之相鄰邊緣具有MD接縫。
  6. 如請求項4之方法，更包含一步驟：在重疊之前由該織物的第一及/或第二邊緣拆開一或更多紗線。
  7. 如請求項6之方法，更包含一步驟：在熔接該二邊緣之前添加一或更多的單絲、複絲紗、扁帶或帶於該喇叭及/或砧之側上。
  8. 如請求項7之方法，其中該喇叭及/或砧具有一或更多凹溝用以固持被加入的一或更多單絲、複絲紗、扁帶或帶。
  9. 如請求項1之方法，其中該喇叭及/或砧具有一高凸部份可適於接觸一織物表面。
  10. 如請求項1之方法，其中該織物的第一和第二邊緣係為該織物的CD邊緣或MD邊緣。
  11. 如請求項10之方法，其中該織物包含平織的材料帶而在該織物之平行環圈的相鄰邊緣具有MD接縫。
  12. 如請求項11之方法，其中該織物的平行環圈包含CD接縫區域。
  13. 如請求項12之方法，其中在該織物之平行環圈中的CD接縫區域於該MD是對齊或參差的。
  14. 如請求項1之方法，更包含一步驟：在該織物的熔接部份中造成一或更多可供流體(空氣及/或水)通過的貫穿孔隙。
  15. 如請求項14之方法，其中該一或更多個貫穿孔隙係以雷射鑽孔或機械冲孔所造成。
  16. 如請求項15之方法，其中該喇叭及/或砧之一接觸織物表面包含一選自銷針及凸出物之組群的機械冲孔裝置。
  17. 如請求項1之方法，其中該織物係為一最終結構物，或一供用於選自下列組群之一最終織物的部件結構物：一成形織物，壓著織物、乾燥織物、透氣乾燥機(TAD)織物、鞋壓帶(長軋面或LNP)、傳輸或軋光帶，一使用於譬如以氣流成網、熔噴、紡黏、或水纏結等製法來製造非織物的工程帶，波紋帶、紡織完成整理帶例如預縮整理或軋光帶、鞣皮帶、漿粕成形或漿粕壓著帶，一雙軋稠化(DNT)機上的脫水帶，或污泥脫水帶。
  18. 如請求項1之方法，其中該工業織物包括一基材，該基材係由非織物、膜、MD或CD紗陣列，或該等結構物與織造織物之一組合所製成。
  19. 一種用於縫合一工業織物的方法，包含以下步驟：編織多數的MD紗與多數的CD紗來形成一平織織物具有二MD邊緣及二CD邊緣；在該織物的CD邊緣形成縫合環圈；將該織物之接縫區域的至少一部份置於一超音波喇叭與一砧之間；及藉施加超音波能量來熔接該部份的接縫區域，其中該喇叭及/或砧之一接觸織物表面係紋理化或圖案化，該紋理或圖案是該織物之一本體部份中之一編織圖案的壓印鏡像或仿似物，其中該熔接的接縫區域具有一夾徑等同於該織物之一本體者。
  20. 如請求項19之方法，其中該平織織物包含織回的MD紗會在該織物的橫向(CD)邊緣形成該等縫合環圈。
  21. 如請求項19之方法，其中該縫合環圈係如下地形成：在各CD邊緣繞一針摺回一長度的該織物，在該摺回處拆開多數的CD紗，而使當該織物末端被摺回時該拆開區域容許該等MD紗形成環圈，且該摺回的織物長度係被以該熔接步驟附接於該本體。
  22. 如請求項21之方法，其中該摺回係在5~30cm的範圍內。
  23. 如請求項19之方法，其中該織物接縫包含一針接縫或一共線的螺旋接縫。
  24. 如請求項19之方法，其中該工業織物包括一基材，該基材係由非織物、膜、MD或CD紗陣列，或該等結構物與織造織物之一組合所製成。
  25. 如請求項19之方法，更包含以下步驟：在該織物的熔接部份造成一或更多個貫穿孔隙以供流體(空氣及/或水)通過。
  26. 如請求項19之方法，其中該織物係為一最終結構物，或一供用於選自下列組群之一最終織物的部件結構物：一成形織物，壓著織物、乾燥織物、透氣乾燥機(TAD)織物、鞋壓帶(長軋面或LNP)、傳輸或軋光帶，一使用於譬如以氣流成網、熔噴、紡黏、或水纏結等製法來製造非織物的工程帶，波紋帶、紡織完成整理帶例如預縮整理或軋光帶、鞣皮帶、漿粕成形或漿粕壓著帶，一雙軋稠化(DNT)機上的脫水帶，或污泥脫水帶。
  27. 一種工業織物，其具有一長度及一寬度，該織物包含：該織物之一第一邊緣會與該織物之一第二邊緣重疊一預定距離；其中該重疊區域的至少一部份置於一超音波喇叭與一砧之間，且該重疊區域的該部份係被使用超音波能量熔接，且其中該喇叭及/或該砧之一接觸織物表面係紋理化或圖案化，該紋理或圖案是該織物之一本體部份中之一編織圖案的壓印鏡像或仿似物，使得該熔接區域具有一紋理或圖案類似於該織物本體者，其中該熔接的接縫區域具有一夾徑等同於該織物之一本體者。
  28. 如請求項27之織物，其中該預定距離為20cm或更少，10cm或更少，或較好為5cm或更少。
  29. 如請求項27之織物，其中該熔接區域是該織物之一接縫區域。
  30. 如請求項27之織物，其中該織物係藉交織多數的經紗與多數的緯紗所製成。
  31. 如請求項30之織物，其中該織物是一平織織物，或一藉螺旋捲繞一織造紗材料之織物帶所製成的織物；或，該織物包含平織的材料帶而在該織物的平行環圈之相鄰邊緣具有MD接縫。
  32. 如請求項27之織物，其中一或更多的紗線會在熔接之前被由該織物的第一及/或第二邊緣拆開。
  33. 如請求項27之織物，其中該織物的第一和第二邊緣係為該織物的橫向和縱向邊緣。
  34. 如請求項33之織物，其中該織物包含平織的材料帶而在該織物之平行環圈的相鄰邊緣具有MD接縫。
  35. 如請求項34之織物，其中該織物的平行環圈包含CD接縫區域。
  36. 如請求項35之織物，其中在該織物之平行環圈中的CD接縫區域於該MD是對齊或參差的。
  37. 如請求項27之織物，更包含一或更多個貫穿孔隙在該織物之該熔接區域中。
  38. 如請求項37之織物，其中該一或更多個貫穿孔隙係以雷射鑽孔或機械冲孔所造成。
  39. 如請求項27之織物，其中該織物之該熔接區域之空氣及/或水可滲透率係類似或相同於該織物本體的其餘部份者。
  40. 如請求項27之織物，其中該織物係為一最終結構物，或一供用於選自下列組群之一最終織物的部件結構物：一成形織物，壓著織物、乾燥織物、透氣乾燥機(TAD)織物、鞋壓帶(長軋面或LNP)、傳輸或軋光帶，一使用於譬如以氣流成網、熔噴、紡黏、或水纏結等製法來製造非織物的工程帶，波紋帶、紡織完成整理帶例如預縮整理或軋光帶、鞣皮帶、漿粕成形或漿粕壓著帶，一雙軋稠化(DNT)機上的脫水帶，或污泥脫水帶。
  41. 一種工業織物，包含：多數的MD紗與多數的CD紗交織形成一平織織物具有二MD邊緣及二CD邊緣；該織物在該織物的CD邊緣具有縫合環圈；其中該織物之接縫區域的至少一部份係被置於一超音波喇叭與一砧之間，且該部份的接縫區域會被施加超音波能量來熔接；其中該喇叭及/或砧之一接觸織物表面係紋理化或圖案化，該紋理或圖案是該織物之一本體部份中之一編織圖案的壓印鏡像或仿似物，其中該熔接的接縫區域具有一夾徑等同於該織物之一本體者。
  42. 如請求項41之織物，其中該平織織物包含織回的MD紗會在該織物的橫向(CD)邊緣形成該等縫合環圈。
  43. 如請求項41之織物，其中該縫合環圈係如下地形成：在各CD邊緣繞一針摺回一長度的該織物，在該摺回處拆開多數的CD紗，而使當該織物末端被摺回時該拆開區域容許該等MD紗形成環圈，且該摺回的織物長度係被以該熔接步驟附接於該本體。
  44. 如請求項43之織物，其中該摺回係在5~30cm的範圍內。
  45. 如請求項43之織物，其中該織物接縫包含一針接縫或一共線的螺旋接縫。
  46. 如請求項41之織物，更包含一或更多個貫穿孔隙在該織物之熔接的接縫區域中。
  47. 如請求項41之織物，其中該織物之熔接的接縫區域之空氣及/或水可滲透率係類似或相同於該織物本體的其餘部份者。
  48. 如請求項41之織物，其中該織物係為一最終結構物，或一供用於選自下列組群之一最終織物的部件結構物：一成形織物，壓著織物、乾燥織物、透氣乾燥機(TAD)織物、鞋壓帶(長軋面或LNP)、傳輸或軋光帶，一使用於譬如以氣流成網、熔噴、紡黏、或水纏結等製法來製造非織物的工程帶，波紋帶、紡織完成整理帶例如預縮整理或軋光帶、鞣皮帶、漿粕成形或漿粕壓著帶，一雙軋稠化(DNT)機上的脫水帶，或污泥脫水帶。
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JP2016501992A (ja) 2016-01-21
RU2015124800A (ru) 2017-02-02
BR112015015340B1 (pt) 2021-11-30
PL2938779T3 (pl) 2024-06-17
US20140186579A1 (en) 2014-07-03
EP3045585B1 (en) 2021-09-29
CN105026647B (zh) 2018-08-28
MX2015008521A (es) 2015-09-10
US9199412B2 (en) 2015-12-01
BR112015015340A2 (pt) 2017-07-11
WO2014105376A1 (en) 2014-07-03
CA2896831C (en) 2018-01-16
KR101910416B1 (ko) 2018-10-22
TW201425038A (zh) 2014-07-01
EP2938779A1 (en) 2015-11-04
CA2896831A1 (en) 2014-07-03
MX351715B (es) 2017-10-26
RU2638516C2 (ru) 2017-12-13
PL3045585T3 (pl) 2021-12-20
US20160138221A1 (en) 2016-05-19
CN105026647A (zh) 2015-11-04
EP3045585A2 (en) 2016-07-20

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