TWI654318B - 高速工具鋼及其製造方法 - Google Patents
高速工具鋼及其製造方法Info
- Publication number
- TWI654318B TWI654318B TW103125359A TW103125359A TWI654318B TW I654318 B TWI654318 B TW I654318B TW 103125359 A TW103125359 A TW 103125359A TW 103125359 A TW103125359 A TW 103125359A TW I654318 B TWI654318 B TW I654318B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- less
- speed tool
- tool steel
- content
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 50
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 193
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 193
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 120
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 78
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrogen-containing carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/021—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular fabrication or treatment of ingot or slab
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013201392 | 2013-09-27 | ||
| JP2013-201392 | 2013-09-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201527549A TW201527549A (zh) | 2015-07-16 |
| TWI654318B true TWI654318B (zh) | 2019-03-21 |
Family
ID=52742686
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW103125359A TWI654318B (zh) | 2013-09-27 | 2014-07-24 | 高速工具鋼及其製造方法 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3050986B1 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP6474348B2 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN105579604A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TWI654318B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2015045528A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6797465B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-08 | 2020-12-09 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | 優れた靭性及び高温強度を有する高硬度マトリクスハイス |
| CN107177800A (zh) * | 2017-05-14 | 2017-09-19 | 合肥鼎鑫模具有限公司 | 一种数控铣床铣刀用高速工具钢及其制造方法 |
| ES2942720T3 (es) * | 2018-05-22 | 2023-06-06 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Método para fabricar un artículo forjado |
| CN109988971B (zh) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-05-08 | 东北大学 | 一种生产特超级纯净高速工具钢的方法 |
| SE544123C2 (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-01-04 | Uddeholms Ab | Hot work tool steel |
| DE102021101105A1 (de) | 2021-01-20 | 2022-07-21 | Voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkzeugstahls als Träger für PVD-Beschichtungen und ein Werkzeugstahl |
| CN113604730A (zh) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-11-05 | 昆山东大特钢制品有限公司 | 一种耐高温和高韧性的热作模具钢及其生产工艺 |
| CN114293108A (zh) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-08 | 广州神拓科技有限公司 | 一种盾构机滚刀合金材料及其制备工艺 |
| CN114561599A (zh) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-31 | 江苏成一金属科技有限公司 | 一种dy33热作基质高速钢 |
| KR102707116B1 (ko) * | 2022-03-16 | 2024-09-19 | 제일산기 주식회사 | 고속도 공구강의 열처리 방법 및 고속도 공구강 |
| CN116377309A (zh) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-07-04 | 浙江精瑞工模具有限公司 | 一种冷热作兼用高韧性模具钢及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3117863A (en) | 1960-11-14 | 1964-01-14 | Vanadium Alloys Steel Co | Alloy steels |
| JPH01152242A (ja) | 1987-12-10 | 1989-06-14 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 粉末冶金法による高靭性高速度鋼 |
| JPH07116553B2 (ja) | 1988-10-21 | 1995-12-13 | 日立金属株式会社 | 高疲労強度メタルバンドソー胴材 |
| JPH08143932A (ja) * | 1994-11-25 | 1996-06-04 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 溶湯の精錬方法 |
| AT403058B (de) | 1995-03-23 | 1997-11-25 | Boehler Edelstahl | Eisenbasislegierung zur verwendung bei erhöhter temperatur und werkzeug aus dieser legierung |
| TW567233B (en) * | 2001-03-05 | 2003-12-21 | Kiyohito Ishida | Free-cutting tool steel |
| AT410447B (de) | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-25 | Boehler Edelstahl | Warmarbeitsstahlgegenstand |
| JP3602102B2 (ja) * | 2002-02-05 | 2004-12-15 | 日本高周波鋼業株式会社 | 熱間工具鋼 |
| ATE518969T1 (de) * | 2002-06-13 | 2011-08-15 | Uddeholms Ab | Kaltarbeitsstahl und kaltarbeitswerkzeug |
| CA2488790C (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2012-06-19 | Uddeholm Tooling Aktiebolag | Steel and mould tool for plastic materials made of the steel |
| JP2004169177A (ja) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-06-17 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 合金工具鋼及びその製造方法、並びにそれを用いた金型 |
| JP2004285444A (ja) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-10-14 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 安定した靭性を示す低合金高速度工具鋼 |
| JP4179024B2 (ja) * | 2003-04-09 | 2008-11-12 | 日立金属株式会社 | 高速度工具鋼及びその製造方法 |
| JP4423608B2 (ja) | 2005-08-23 | 2010-03-03 | 日立金属株式会社 | 焼入れ用工具鋼素材 |
| BRPI0601679B1 (pt) * | 2006-04-24 | 2014-11-11 | Villares Metals S/A | Aço rápido para lâminas de serra |
| CN100494461C (zh) * | 2007-03-05 | 2009-06-03 | 大连海事大学 | 多类型超细碳化物中合金工具钢 |
| JP2009084631A (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | エレクトロスラグ再溶解法 |
| US8012272B2 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2011-09-06 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Tool steels and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2009197271A (ja) * | 2008-02-21 | 2009-09-03 | Nachi Fujikoshi Corp | 溶製合金鋼およびそれを用いた金型 |
| AT507597B1 (de) | 2008-12-05 | 2010-09-15 | Boehler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg | Stahllegierung für maschinenkomponenten |
| AT507956B1 (de) * | 2009-02-16 | 2011-01-15 | Boehler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg | Bimetallsäge |
| JP6032881B2 (ja) | 2011-10-18 | 2016-11-30 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | 熱間金型用鋼 |
| JP6020963B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-08 | 2016-11-02 | 日立金属株式会社 | 熱間加工性に優れた高速度工具鋼素材の製造方法 |
| CN102747293B (zh) * | 2012-07-25 | 2014-08-20 | 河冶科技股份有限公司 | 高韧高耐磨滚刀用高速钢及其制备方法 |
| CN103131933B (zh) * | 2013-03-18 | 2015-06-17 | 东南大学 | 一种高速钢的制备方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-06-24 EP EP14847363.0A patent/EP3050986B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2014-06-24 JP JP2015538960A patent/JP6474348B2/ja active Active
- 2014-06-24 CN CN201480052482.3A patent/CN105579604A/zh active Pending
- 2014-06-24 CN CN202010142274.XA patent/CN111411293A/zh active Pending
- 2014-06-24 WO PCT/JP2014/066736 patent/WO2015045528A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2014-07-24 TW TW103125359A patent/TWI654318B/zh active
-
2017
- 2017-11-08 JP JP2017215934A patent/JP2018048407A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3050986A4 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
| WO2015045528A1 (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
| JP2018048407A (ja) | 2018-03-29 |
| TW201527549A (zh) | 2015-07-16 |
| CN105579604A (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
| CN111411293A (zh) | 2020-07-14 |
| JPWO2015045528A1 (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
| JP6474348B2 (ja) | 2019-02-27 |
| EP3050986B1 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
| EP3050986A1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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