TWI527646B - Spindle broach structure for driller - Google Patents

Description

Drilling machine spindle broach structure

The present invention provides a drill spindle broach structure that is associated with a machine tool for metal working.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the spindle broach structure 10 of the general machine tool mainly wears a broaching rod 12 in the machine tool spindle 11 , and the end portion of the broaching rod 12 is commonly called a four-claw claw. The jaw device 13 is further configured to cooperate with a power source to drive the jaw device 13 to clamp or release the cutter A; and the broach structure of the jaw device 13 in the form of a four-claw configuration has a strong clamp. It is especially suitable for tools with both horizontal and vertical forces, such as milling cutters. However, the drills of general drills do not produce horizontal forces during machining, in the form of four-claws. Although the gripper device 13 can hold the drill bit with a very high stable clamping force, the cost of the four-pronged claw is high, and for a drill bit that does not generate a horizontal force, there is a hero who has no use and the equipment cost is wasted. In view of this, the inventors have devoted themselves to research and intensively conceived, and after many trials and developments, finally invented a spindle broach structure of a drilling machine.

The invention provides a drilling machine spindle broach structure, the main purpose of which is to improve one The clamping bit uses a clamping device in the form of a four-claw and has a lack of cost.

In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a spindle broach structure for a drill, comprising: a spindle seat having a through-penetration space; a spindle axis rotatably disposed in the through space of the spindle holder, One end of the shaft of the arbor is a driving end through which the main shaft seat is connected to connect the power source, the other end protrudes from the main shaft base and has a insertion slot for inserting a drill shank, and the arbor shaft And inserting at least three through holes through the insertion slot; the shank has a broach screw, and the broach screw has a head and a neck portion between the head and the shank, the neck outer diameter Less than the outer diameter of the head and the shank, the drill bit is inserted into the insertion slot at a position of the neck relative to each of the through holes; a displacement member is slidably received in the through space; a clamping component , the elastically displaceably disposed in the perforation and extending normally on a side of the perforation different from the insertion groove; a steel ball pressing sleeve, an annular structure, and a ring groove is disposed on the inner surface of the steel ball pressing sleeve, the ring The slot is formed by a retracting stop portion and a guiding oblique portion connecting the retracting stop portion The large inner diameter is larger than the maximum inner diameter of the guiding inclined portion, and one end of the steel ball pressing sleeve is further provided with a receiving groove, the receiving groove has a pressing surface; the steel ball pressing sleeve is sleeved on the axial center of the cutter And adjacent to the displacement member; a spring is sleeved on the shaft of the cutter rod and received into the tolerance groove of the steel ball sleeve, and one end of the spring abuts against the pressing surface, and the other end is limited Relying on a C-shaped buckle on the shaft of the arbor; the spring normally stretches and supports the steel ball sleeve, so that the steel ball sleeve is normally pressed against the clamping component by the guiding inclined portion of the ring groove, and The clamping component protrudes into the insertion slot of the arbor axis; and a bottom cover, an annular structure is fixed to the spindle seat to limit the arbor off axis When the displacement member is displaced or disengaged from the steel ball sleeve, the steel ball compression sleeve is changed to retract the locking portion or the guiding oblique portion relative to the clamping assembly, thereby being inserted or loosely inserted into the insertion slot. The drill bit inside.

Through the displacement of the ball sleeve to change the position of the clamping assembly 53 to loosen or clamp the drill bit, thereby stably holding the drill bit, and meeting the basic requirement that the drill bit must bear the vertical force, thereby reducing the equipment cost and improving the economy. benefit.

"Knowledge Technology"

10‧‧‧ spindle broach structure

11‧‧‧ Spindle

12‧‧‧ broach

13‧‧‧ jaw device

A‧‧‧Tools

"this invention"

20‧‧‧ spindle seat

21‧‧‧through space

22‧‧‧First pressure source inlet

23‧‧‧Second pressure source inlet

30‧‧‧Cutter shaft

31‧‧‧ bearing

32‧‧‧Driver

33‧‧‧ Socket slot

34‧‧‧Perforation

341‧‧‧The wall

40‧‧‧Upper cover

50‧‧‧ broach unit

51‧‧‧ spacers

511‧‧‧ first step

512‧‧‧ second stage

52‧‧‧ displacement parts

521‧‧‧ top surface

522‧‧‧ bottom

523‧‧‧Pushing face

53‧‧‧Card components

531‧‧‧Distribution

532‧‧ Spring

533‧‧‧ steel balls

534‧‧‧Departure

535‧‧ ‧ pin head

54‧‧‧Steel ball sleeve

541‧‧‧ Ring groove

542‧‧‧Retraction

543‧‧‧ guiding oblique

544‧‧‧容容槽

545‧‧‧ pressed surface

55‧‧‧ Spring

551‧‧‧C-shaped buckle

60‧‧‧ spindle lower mount

70‧‧‧ bottom cover

B‧‧‧Drill

B1‧‧‧ drill handle

B11‧‧‧ broach screw

B12‧‧‧ head

B13‧‧‧ neck

X‧‧‧ axial

Y‧‧‧ radial

S1‧‧‧First Fluid Space

S2‧‧‧Second fluid space

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a broach of a conventional machine tool.

Fig. 2 is a schematic exploded view showing the structure of the spindle broach of the drilling machine of the present invention and the drill bit.

Fig. 3 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing the structure of a spindle broach of a drill of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a plan sectional view showing the structure of the spindle broach of the drill of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the state of the spindle broach of the drilling machine of the present invention in a state in which the drill bit can be handled.

Fig. 6 is another cross-sectional view showing the structure of the spindle broach of the drill of the present invention in the state of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the state of the spindle broach of the drilling machine of the present invention in the state of positioning the drill bit.

Figure 8 is another cross-sectional view showing the structure of the spindle broach of the drill of the present invention in the state of Figure 7.

In order to enable the reviewing committee to have a better understanding and understanding of the purpose, features and effects of the present invention, please refer to the following [detailed description of the drawings] as follows: The preferred implementation of the spindle broach structure of the drilling machine of the present invention For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 8, the present invention includes: a spindle holder 20 having a through space 21 penetrating in an axial direction X, a vertical axis The X is defined as a radial direction Y, and the spindle holder 20 is provided with a first pressure source inlet 22 and a second pressure source inlet 23 communicating with the through space 21; a arbor axis 30 is rotatably disposed therein In the through space 21 of the spindle holder 20, the spindle axis 30 is threaded through the plurality of bearings 31 and then inserted into the spindle holder 20. A driving end 32 of the spindle axis 30 passes through the spindle holder 20 for supply. To connect the power source, the other end protrudes from the spindle holder 20 and has a insertion slot 33 for inserting the shank B1 of the drill bit B, and the arbor axis 30 is further disposed through the insertion slot 33 to provide at least three through holes 34. Each of the through holes 34 has a two-layer shape and has abutting wall 341; the boring handle B1 has a broach B11, and the broach screw B11 has a head B12 and a head B12 and the shank a neck portion B13 between B1, the outer diameter of the neck portion B13 is smaller than the outer diameter of the head portion B12 and the shank B1, and the drill bit B is inserted into the insertion slot with the position of the neck portion B13 relative to each of the through holes 34 An upper cover 40, an annular structure, the upper cover 40 is sleeved on the driving end 32 of the arbor axis 30 and fixed to the main shaft base 20; a broach unit 50 includes a a member 51, a displacement member 52, a clamping assembly 53, a ball pressing sleeve 54 and a spring 55, wherein the spacer 51 has an annular structure, and the spacer 51 is sleeved and received by the arbor 30 The spacer is disposed in the through space 21, and the spacer 51 is locked through the circumferential surface of the spindle holder 20 such that the spacer 51 is located at a fixed position of the through space 21, and the outer periphery of the spacer 51 is hierarchical. The state has a first step 511 and a second step 512; the displacement member 52 has a ring structure, and the two ends of the displacement member 52 are a top surface 521 and a bottom surface 522, respectively, and the displacement member 52 The outer peripheral mask has a pushing surface 523 between the top surface 521 and the bottom surface 522. The displacement member 52 slidably passes through the arbor axis 30 and is accommodated therein. In the through space 21, the top surface 521 of the displacement member 52 is opposite to the second step surface 512 of the spacer 51, and between the top surface 521 of the displacement member 52 and the first step surface 511 of the spacer 51 Forming a first fluid space S1, the first fluid space S1 is connected to the first pressure source inlet 22; the clamping component 53 is elastically displaceably received in the through hole 34 and normally protrudes from the through hole 34. One side of the insertion slot 33, the clamping component 53 of the embodiment includes a stopper pin 531, a spring 532 and a steel ball 533. The stopper pin 531 has a T-shaped structure and has a body section 534 and a stopper pin. a head 535, the stopper pin 531 is inserted into the through hole 34 of the arbor axis 30 through the spring 532, and the spring 532 is located at the stopper pin 535 of the stopper pin 531 and the Between the abutting walls 341 of the through holes 34, the steel balls 533 are received in the through holes 34 and abut against the blocking pin heads 535 of the blocking pin 531; the steel ball pressing sleeve 54 has an annular structure, and the inside of the steel ball pressing sleeve 54 A ring groove 541 is defined in the surface, and the ring groove 541 is formed by a retracting fixed portion 542 and a guiding inclined portion 543. The retracting and locking portion 542 is a circular arc groove, and the guiding inclined portion 5 is provided. 43 is a beveled structure, and the maximum inner diameter of the retracting fixed portion 542 is greater than the maximum inner diameter of the guiding inclined portion 543, and one end of the steel ball pressing sleeve 54 is further provided with a receiving groove 544, the receiving groove 544 Having a pressing surface 545; the steel ball pressing sleeve 54 is sleeved on the arbor axis 30 and adjacent to the displacement member 52, and the displacement member 52 is located between the spacer member 51 and the steel ball pressing sleeve 54; The spring 55 is sleeved in the shaft 30 of the shank and received in the accommodating groove 544 of the ball press sleeve 54. One end of the spring 55 abuts against the pressing surface 545, and the other end is restricted. a C-shaped buckle 551 on the arbor axis 30; the spring 55 normally stretches and supports the steel ball pressing sleeve 54, so that the steel ball pressing sleeve 54 is normally attached to the card by the guiding inclined portion 543 of the annular groove 541. The steel ball 533 of the assembly 53 is extended, and the clamping assembly 53 is extended into the insertion slot 33 of the arbor axis 30. In this embodiment, the guiding inclined portion 543 is pressed against the steel ball 533 to press the steel ball 533. Abutting the pin 33 to the insertion slot 33 of the arbor axis 30 The inner lower surface of the main shaft lower fixing base 60 is fixed to the main shaft base 20, and the inner circumferential surface of the main shaft lower fixing base 60 abuts against the displacement member 52. a second fluid space S2 is formed between the one surface of the main shaft base 60 and the abutting surface 523 of the displacement member 52, and the second fluid space S2 is connected to the second pressure source. The bottom cover 70 and the bottom cover 70 are annularly fixed and fixed to the lower spindle mount 60, so that the bottom cover 70 is fixed to the spindle mount 20 through the lower spindle mount 60, and the bottom cover 70 can limit the cutter The shaft axis 30 is disengaged.

The above is the structural configuration and characteristics of the spindle broach structure of the drilling machine of the present invention. When the displacement member 52 is mainly used to press or disengage the steel ball pressing sleeve 54, the steel ball pressing sleeve 54 is changed to retreat. The portion 542 or the guiding inclined portion 543 is opposite to the clamping assembly 53 to thereby jam or release the drill bit B inserted into the insertion slot 33; in this embodiment, the overall structure of the present invention is in the normal state as the third. 4, the spring 55 of the broach unit 50 is extended against the ball press 54 so that the ball press 54 is attached to the ball 533 of the clamping assembly 53 by the guiding inclined portion 543. Then, the steel ball 533 pushes against the stopper pin 531 to compress the spring 532 to be displaced into the insertion groove 33 of the arbor axis 30; and when the drill bit B is to be assembled, as shown in the fifth and sixth figures, The first pressure source inlet 22 inputs a pressure source, which may be a fluid pressure of air pressure or oil pressure. When the pressure source is input by the first pressure source inlet 22, the pressure source enters the first pressure source inlet 22 through the pressure source. The first fluid space S1, the continuous input pressure source can push the pressure source against the top surface 521 of the displacement member 52, so that the displacement member 52 The ball pressing sleeve 54 is displaced in the direction for the input pressure source to the displacement member 52 can be pressed against the bottom surface 522 of the press-fit operation ball 54, the ball 55 while compressing the spring 54 press-fitted under pressure, and the ball The sleeve 54 is displaced to change the state of the retracting stop portion 542 relative to the clamping assembly 53. When the retracting and locking portion 542 of the ball press sleeve 54 is opposite to the clamping assembly 53, the clamping assembly 53 is lost. The tension of the guiding inclined portion 543 is such that the spring 532 of the clamping assembly 53 supports the locking pin 531, so that the locking pin 531 is completely retracted into the through hole 34, and the steel ball 533 is simultaneously pushed to make the steel ball 533 Displacement into the retraction stop portion 542, at this time, the drill bit B can be inserted into the insertion groove 33, and the drill bit B is inserted into the insertion groove 33 with the neck portion B13 opposite to each of the perforations 34. Position; after the bit B is inserted into the insertion slot 33, the pressure source is stopped from the first pressure source inlet 22, the displacement member 52 loses the force against the ball sleeve 54 and is located at the ball pressure The spring 55 in the recess 544 of the sleeve 54 also loses the compressed pressure source, and the spring 55 is reset to push the steel ball sleeve 54 again toward the displacement member 52 and return to the steel ball sleeve 54. With the guiding inclined portion 543 opposite to the initial state of each of the clamping members 53, the steel ball 533 of each of the clamping members 53 is subjected to the The slanting portion 543 pushes and compresses the blocking pin 531 and the spring 532 so that the blocking pin 531 extends into the through hole 34 of the arbor axis 30 and can be located at the head B12 of the drill bit B and the shank B1. At the neck B13, the positioning of the drill bit B is completed; and the above description is to stop the input of the pressure source from the first pressure source inlet 22 and cooperate with the elastic restoring force of the spring 55 to complete the action. The second pressure source inlet 23 is input to the pressure source, and is directly input into the second fluid space S2 by the pressure source, and can assist the pushing of the displacement member 52 to return to the initial position against the spacer 51, and the steel ball pressing sleeve 54 It can also quickly return to the initial position to improve the operation efficiency. It is worth noting that the present invention can be applied to the general BT specification tool holder, and can be applied without special specifications, so the applicability is extremely high and can be reduced. The cost of the device; and the invention is more applicable to the direct drive type spindle, in addition to reducing the overall volume of the spindle, and can be used as a central water supply, and can further reduce costs and improve product competitiveness; In summary, the spindle broach structure of the drill machine of the present invention can surely provide the stable clamping force of the drill bit B, and can surely meet the requirement that the drill bit B only requires vertical force, reduce the equipment cost of the clamp drill bit B, and improve economic benefits.

20‧‧‧ spindle seat

21‧‧‧through space

22‧‧‧First pressure source inlet

23‧‧‧Second pressure source inlet

30‧‧‧Cutter shaft

31‧‧‧ bearing

32‧‧‧Driver

33‧‧‧ Socket slot

34‧‧‧Perforation

341‧‧‧The wall

40‧‧‧Upper cover

51‧‧‧ spacers

511‧‧‧ first step

512‧‧‧ second stage

52‧‧‧ displacement parts

521‧‧‧ top surface

522‧‧‧ bottom

523‧‧‧Pushing face

53‧‧‧Card components

531‧‧‧Distribution

532‧‧ Spring

533‧‧‧ steel balls

534‧‧‧Departure

535‧‧ ‧ pin head

54‧‧‧Steel ball sleeve

541‧‧‧ Ring groove

542‧‧‧Retraction

543‧‧‧ guiding oblique

544‧‧‧容容槽

545‧‧‧ pressed surface

55‧‧‧ Spring

551‧‧‧C-shaped buckle

60‧‧‧ spindle lower mount

70‧‧‧ bottom cover

X‧‧‧ axial

Y‧‧‧ radial

S1‧‧‧First Fluid Space

S2‧‧‧Second fluid space

Claims (6)

The utility model relates to a spindle broach structure of a drilling machine, comprising: a spindle seat having a through-penetration space, wherein the spindle seat is provided with a first pressure source inlet and a second pressure source inlet communicating with the through space; a cutter shaft Rotatingly passing through the through space of the spindle holder, one end of the shaft center of the cutter shaft is driven to pass through the spindle base to connect the power source, and the other end protrudes from the spindle seat and has a plug slot a shank for inserting a drill bit, and the arbor core further comprises at least three perforations through the insertion slot; the shank has a broach screw, and the broach screw has a head and a head a neck portion between the shank and the shank, the outer diameter of the neck is smaller than the outer diameter of the head and the shank, and the drill bit is inserted into the insertion slot at a position of the neck relative to each of the puncturing holes; a spacer a ring-shaped structure having a first step surface and a second step surface in a state in which the outer circumference is in a layered state, the spacer member is sleeved in the shaft center of the cutter rod and positioned in the through space; a displacement member, a ring structure, and the The two ends of the displacement member are respectively a top surface and a bottom surface, and the displacement member is outside The mask has a pushing surface between the top surface and the bottom surface, and the displacement member is slidably inserted into the shaft center of the shank and received in the through space, and the top surface of the displacement member is opposite a second step surface of the spacer, a first fluid space is formed between the top surface of the displacement member and the first step surface of the spacer, the first fluid space is connected to the first pressure source inlet; and a clamping component , the elastically displaceably disposed in the perforation and extending normally on a side of the perforation different from the insertion groove; a steel ball pressing sleeve, an annular structure, and a ring groove is disposed on the inner surface of the steel ball pressing sleeve, the ring The slot is formed by a retracting fixed portion and a guiding inclined portion. The maximum inner diameter of the retracting locking portion is greater than the maximum inner diameter of the guiding inclined portion, and one end of the steel ball pressing sleeve is further provided with a receiving groove. , the tolerance groove a press-fit surface; the steel ball press sleeve is sleeved on the arbor axis and adjacent to the displacement member; a spring is sleeved on the arbor axis and received into the tolerance groove of the steel ball press sleeve, and One end of the spring abuts against the pressing surface, and the other end is restricted to a C-shaped buckle on the axis of the arbor; the spring normally stretches and supports the steel ball pressing sleeve, so that the steel ball is pressed normally a guiding inclined portion of the annular groove abuts against the clamping component, and the clamping component protrudes into the insertion slot of the arbor axis; and a bottom cover, the annular structure is fixed through a lower spindle fixing seat The spindle holder is configured to limit the shaft center of the cutter rod, the lower shaft fixing seat passes through the steel ball press sleeve and the displacement member and is fixed to the spindle seat, and the bottom cover is fixed to the spindle lower fixing seat; The inner peripheral surface of the lower spindle mount abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the displacement member, and a second fluid space is formed between a surface of the lower spindle mount that abuts the spindle mount and a pushing surface of the displacement member. a second fluid space is connected to the second pressure source inlet; if the displacement member is displaced or pressed away from the steel ball sleeve, the steel The bead sleeve is then changed to retract the stop or guide the ramp relative to the clamping assembly to thereby snap or loose the drill bit inserted into the docking slot. The spindle broach structure of the drilling machine according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the arbor shaft is threaded through the plurality of bearings and is disposed in the spindle seat. The spindle broach structure of the drill machine of claim 1, wherein the upper cover further comprising a ring structure is sleeved on the drive end of the arbor axis and fixed to the spindle seat. The drilling machine spindle broach structure according to claim 1, wherein each of the perforations of the arbor axis has a two-layer shape and has abutting wall, and the clamping component comprises a blocking pin and a a spring and a steel ball, the stop pin has a T-shaped structure and has a body segment and a stopper pin head, and the stopper pin penetrates the spring through the drive segment and penetrates into the perforation of the shaft of the cutter bar, and the spring Then located between the pin head and the abutting wall, the steel ball is received in the perforation and abuts against the pin head of the pin. The drilling machine main shaft broach structure according to the fourth aspect of the invention, wherein the retracting fixed portion is a circular arc groove, and the guiding inclined portion is a inclined surface structure, and the steel ball pressing sleeve is normally The guiding inclined portion abuts against the steel ball, so that the steel ball is pressed against the locking pin and protrudes into the insertion groove of the arbor axis. The drilling machine spindle broach structure according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the spacer is positioned by locking through a peripheral surface of the main shaft seat such that the spacer is located at a fixed position of the through space.