TWI505485B - Dye-sensitized solar cell structure capable of enhancing light harvesting efficiency - Google Patents

Description

Dye-sensitized solar cell structure capable of improving light capturing efficiency

The present invention relates to a dye-sensitized solar cell structure, and more particularly to a dye-sensitized solar cell structure capable of improving light-trapping efficiency.

Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a schematic diagram of the operation of a conventional dye-sensitized solar cell. As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional dye-sensitized solar cell 10 includes a photoelectrode 11, a pair of electrodes 12, a sealing spacer 13, and an electrolyte 14. When sunlight is incident on the photoelectrode 11 in the forward direction, a part of the light system directly enters the nanoporous semiconductor thin film 111 of the photoelectrode 11 and is absorbed by the dye and converted into electric energy. However, a part of the light system directly penetrates the sealing spacer 13 and the pair of electrodes 12 away from the battery body, that is, the light incident on the sealing spacer 13 is completely wasted, if the positive incidence is The light of the sealing spacer 13 is recycled, which will help to improve the light capturing efficiency and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

The "light guiding member and the dye-sensitized solar cell structure using the same" disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 201232791 discloses the use of a light guiding member to enhance the light capturing efficiency of a dye-sensitized solar cell. The above-mentioned light guiding elements are designed according to the geometrical optical principle, and thus are suitable for dye-sensitized solar cells using a conductive glass substrate. However, in a flexible dye-sensitized solar cell using a flexible conductive substrate, the above-mentioned light guiding element cannot effectively function as a light guide due to the curved shape of the flexible conductive substrate. Therefore, it cannot be applied to improve the light capturing efficiency of a flexible dye-sensitized solar cell.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide an innovative and progressive dye-sensitized solar cell structure that can enhance light-trapping efficiency to solve the above problems.

The invention provides a dye-sensitized solar cell structure capable of improving light-trapping efficiency, comprising: a photoelectrode comprising a conductive substrate and at least one nano-porous semiconductor film, the conductive substrate having a light incident surface and a conductive surface, The conductive surface is disposed on the conductive surface with respect to the light incident surface; a pair of electrodes are disposed opposite to the light electrode; and a sealing spacer is disposed on the light electrode and the pair of electrodes The sealing spacer has at least one accommodating space, and the nanoporous semiconductor film of the photoelectrode is located in the accommodating space of the sealing spacer; an electrolyte is filled in the accommodating space of the sealing spacer; and at least A micro-grating light guide disposed on a light incident surface of the conductive substrate, the micro-grating light guide corresponding to the spacer and not shielding the nano-porous semiconductor film of the photoelectrode.

The invention utilizes a micro-grating light guide to diffract incident light to the nanoporous semiconductor film to absorb and utilize the dye molecules, and the micro-grating light guide can be prevented from being affected by the bending irregular shape of the flexible conductive substrate, and therefore can be simultaneously applied Improve light capture efficiency of hard dye-sensitized solar cells or flexible dye-sensitized solar cells.

The embodiments of the present invention can be more clearly understood, and the objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent. The details are as follows.

10‧‧‧Issue dye-sensitized solar cells

11‧‧‧Photoelectrode

111‧‧‧Nano porous semiconductor film

12‧‧‧ opposite electrode

13‧‧‧ Sealed partition

14‧‧‧ Electrolytes

20‧‧‧Dye-sensitized solar cell structure of the present invention

21‧‧‧Photoelectrode

211‧‧‧Electrical substrate

211a‧‧‧light incident surface

211b‧‧‧ conductive surface

212‧‧‧Nano porous semiconductor film

22‧‧‧ opposite electrode

221‧‧‧Substrate

222‧‧‧ Conductive layer

223‧‧‧catalytic layer

23‧‧‧ Sealed partition

231‧‧‧ accommodating space

24‧‧‧ Electrolytes

25‧‧‧micro-grating light guide

250‧‧‧0 order diffracted light

251‧‧‧+1 order diffracted light

252‧‧‧-1 order diffracted light

253‧‧‧+2 order diffracted light

254‧‧‧-2 diffraction light

30‧‧‧Incoming light

D‧‧‧raster depth

P‧‧‧Grating cycle

1 is a schematic view showing the operation of a conventional dye-sensitized solar cell; FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a dye-sensitized solar cell capable of improving light-trapping efficiency of the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a view showing the dye-sensitized solar energy of the present invention capable of improving light-trapping efficiency. Battery structure Working diagram.

Fig. 2 is a view showing the structure of a dye-sensitized solar cell of the present invention which can enhance light capturing efficiency. Fig. 3 is a view showing the operation of the structure of the dye-sensitized solar cell of the present invention which can improve the light-trapping efficiency. 2 and 3, the dye-sensitized solar cell structure 20 of the present invention comprises a photoelectrode 21, a pair of electrodes 22, a sealing spacer 23, an electrolyte 24, and at least one micro-grating light guide 25.

The photoelectrode 21 includes a conductive substrate 211 and at least one nano-porous semiconductor film 212. The conductive substrate 211 has a light incident surface 211a and a conductive surface 211b. The conductive surface 211b is opposite to the light incident surface 211a. A rice porous semiconductor film 212 is disposed on the conductive surface 211b. In this embodiment, the conductive substrate 211 can be selected from one of the following: a flexible conductive substrate and a conductive glass substrate.

The pair of electrodes 22 are disposed opposite to the photoelectrode 21, and the pair of electrodes 22 has a substrate 221, a conductive layer 222, and a catalytic layer 223.

The sealing spacer 23 is disposed between the photoelectrode 21 and the pair of electrodes 22, and the sealing spacer 23 has at least one accommodating space 231, and the nanoporous semiconductor film 212 of the photoelectrode 21 is located at the sealing spacer 23 The accommodation space 231.

The electrolyte 24 is filled in the accommodating space 231 of the sealing spacer 23 .

The micro-grating light guide 25 is disposed on the light incident surface 211a of the conductive substrate 211, and the micro-grating light guide 25 corresponds to the sealing of the spacer 23, and preferably, the micro-grating light guide 25 does not shield the nanoporosity of the photoelectrode 21 The semiconductor film 212 prevents the micro-grating light guide 25 from diffracting light originally incident on the nanoporous semiconductor film 212 to other places, resulting in a significant decrease in battery efficiency.

When an incident light 30 enters the micro-grating light guide 25, the micro-grating light guide 25 can generate a 0-order diffracted light 250, a +1 order diffracted light 251, a -1 order diffracted light 252, and a +2 order diffracted light. 253 and a -2 order diffracted light 254. In this embodiment, the +1 order diffraction The light intensity of the light 251 and the light intensity of the -1st order diffracted light 252 are much greater than the light intensity of the 0th order diffracted light 250, and preferably, the light intensity of the +1st order diffracted light 251 is equal to the -1st order diffracted light. The light intensity of 252, and the light intensity of the +2 order diffracted light 253 is equal to the light intensity of the -2 order diffracted light 254.

Alternatively, in another embodiment, the micro-grating light guide 25 may not generate the 0-order diffracted light 250, such that the light intensity of the incident light 30 may be evenly distributed to the +1 order diffracted light 251, the -1 order diffracted light. 252. The +2 order diffracted light 253 and the -2 order diffracted light 254.

In order to achieve the above diffraction effect, in the present embodiment, the grating period P of the micro-grating light guide 25 must be 1 to 500 μm, and the grating depth D of the micro-grating light guide 25 must be 0.5 to 100 μm.

The micro-grating light guide 25 of the present invention can circulate the incident light 30 to the nanoporous semiconductor film 212 for absorption and utilization of the dye molecules, and the micro-grating light guide 25 can be prevented from being affected by the curved shape of the flexible conductive substrate. Therefore, it can be simultaneously applied to enhance the light-trapping efficiency of a hard dye-sensitized solar cell or a flexible dye-sensitized solar cell.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention should be as set forth in the appended claims.

20‧‧‧Dye-sensitized solar cell structure of the present invention

21‧‧‧Photoelectrode

211‧‧‧Electrical substrate

211a‧‧‧light incident surface

211b‧‧‧ conductive surface

212‧‧‧Nano porous semiconductor film

22‧‧‧ opposite electrode

221‧‧‧Substrate

222‧‧‧ Conductive layer

223‧‧‧catalytic layer

23‧‧‧ Sealed partition

231‧‧‧ accommodating space

24‧‧‧ Electrolytes

25‧‧‧micro-grating light guide

D‧‧‧raster depth

P‧‧‧Grating cycle

Claims (6)

A dye-sensitized solar cell structure capable of improving light-trapping efficiency, comprising: a photoelectrode comprising a conductive substrate and at least one nano-porous semiconductor film, the conductive substrate having a light incident surface and a conductive surface, the conductive surface The nanoporous semiconductor film is disposed on the conductive surface with respect to the light incident surface; a pair of electrodes are disposed opposite to the photoelectrode; and a sealing spacer is disposed between the photoelectrode and the pair of electrodes, The sealing spacer has at least one accommodating space, the nanoporous semiconductor film of the photoelectrode is located in the accommodating space of the sealing spacer; an electrolyte is filled in the accommodating space of the sealing spacer; and at least one micro grating a light guide disposed on a light incident surface of the conductive substrate, the micro-grating light guide correspondingly sealing the spacer, and not shielding the nano-porous semiconductor film of the photo-electrode, the micro-grating light guide generating a 0-order diffracted light, a +1 The order diffracted light and a -1 order diffracted light, the light intensity of the +1st order diffracted light and the light intensity of the -1st order diffracted light are much greater than the light intensity of the 0th order diffracted light. The dye-sensitized solar cell structure of claim 1, wherein the conductive substrate of the photoelectrode is selected from the group consisting of a flexible conductive substrate and a conductive glass substrate. A dye-sensitized solar cell structure according to claim 1, wherein the grating period of the micro-grating light guide is from 1 to 500 μm. A dye-sensitized solar cell structure according to claim 1, wherein the micro-grating light guide has a grating depth of 0.5 to 100 μm. A dye-sensitized solar cell structure according to claim 1, wherein the light intensity of the +1st order diffracted light is equal to the light intensity of the -1st order diffracted light. A dye-sensitized solar cell structure according to claim 5, wherein the micro-grating light guide further generates a +2 order diffracted light and a -2 order diffracted light, and the light intensity of the +2 order diffracted light is equal to - Light intensity of the 2nd order diffracted light.