TWI504558B - High efficiency recovery of nitric acid separation equipment and its method - Google Patents
High efficiency recovery of nitric acid separation equipment and its method Download PDFInfo
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- TWI504558B TWI504558B TW102104440A TW102104440A TWI504558B TW I504558 B TWI504558 B TW I504558B TW 102104440 A TW102104440 A TW 102104440A TW 102104440 A TW102104440 A TW 102104440A TW I504558 B TWI504558 B TW I504558B
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- nitric acid
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- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 167
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 167
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 etc. Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001506 inorganic fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於一種高效回收硝酸的分離設備及其方法，尤其是一種能夠有效回收待處理液中之硝酸的分離系統及其方法。The present invention relates to a separation apparatus and a method thereof for efficiently recovering nitric acid, and more particularly to a separation system and a method thereof capable of efficiently recovering nitric acid in a liquid to be treated.
半導體產業、面板產業、太陽能產業之蝕刻過程，或電鍍行業或需電鍍之製程所產生之硝酸，或需剝掛處理之硝掛之溶液都會產生高濃度的硝酸廢液。該廢液中往往包含些重金屬如銅、鎳等，或無機氟離子等物質，一般將此廢液排入污水處理廠處理，為符合環保法規要求，處理過程中不但產生大量含重金屬之污泥，水中難以處理之硝酸也會經由排放水排出，造成環境二次污染。The etching process of the semiconductor industry, the panel industry, the solar industry, or the nitric acid produced by the electroplating industry or the process to be electroplated, or the solution of the nitrate to be stripped, will produce a high concentration of nitric acid waste. The waste liquid often contains heavy metals such as copper, nickel, etc., or inorganic fluoride ions. Generally, the waste liquid is discharged into a sewage treatment plant for treatment. In order to comply with environmental protection regulations, a large amount of sludge containing heavy metals is generated in the treatment process. Nitric acid, which is difficult to handle in water, is also discharged through the discharged water, causing secondary pollution of the environment.
一般此種廢液之處理技術，視其產生量及含有價重金屬量之多寡，較無價值者廠商會直接排入廢水處理系統中，具有較高重金屬價值者，業者會將廢液集中於槽體，定期交由專業廠商利用電鍍方式將有價之重金屬取出，但是殘留之硝酸或雜質困難處理者，會直接進入污水廠稀釋混合其他廢水處理。然而，這些技術的缺點在於只取出有價物質，對於硝酸等價值較低者大部分還是未處理稀釋排放，若是業者排水有受管制時，則必須採用用地面積極大之生物處理系統脫硝處理才能控制此污染，大大增加廠商處理成本。此狀況，廠商不但增加處理成本，也浪費可以回用之 資源，也造成環境之污染。Generally, the treatment technology of such waste liquid depends on the amount of production and the amount of heavy metal contained in the price. The less valuable manufacturers will directly discharge into the wastewater treatment system. Those with higher heavy metal value will concentrate the waste liquid in the tank. Body, regularly handed over by professional manufacturers using electroplating to remove valuable heavy metals, but the residual nitric acid or impurities difficult to handle, will directly enter the sewage plant to dilute and mix other wastewater treatment. However, the disadvantage of these technologies is that only valuable substances are taken out. For those with lower value such as nitric acid, most of them are still untreated and diluted. If the drainage of the industry is regulated, it must be denitrified by the biological treatment system with a large land area. Controlling this pollution greatly increases the manufacturer's processing costs. In this situation, manufacturers not only increase the processing cost, but also waste it to be reused. Resources also cause environmental pollution.
因此，需要一種高效硝酸回收設備，能夠將硝酸待處理液進行收集後，進行分離出雜質顆粒、水、硝酸以及金屬雜質，並將分離後硝酸液體流入硝酸貯槽中進行存放回用，達到降低污染、資源回用以徹底解決上述問題，如此應為一最佳解決方案。Therefore, there is a need for a high-efficiency nitric acid recovery apparatus capable of separating the nitric acid to be treated, separating the impurity particles, water, nitric acid, and metal impurities, and flowing the separated nitric acid liquid into the nitric acid storage tank for storage and reuse, thereby reducing pollution. Resources should be used to completely solve the above problems, which should be the best solution.
本發明即在於提供一種高效回收硝酸的分離設備及其方法，其中該高效回收硝酸的分離設備係包含收集貯槽、雜質分離裝置、中繼槽、微孔分離裝置、硝酸貯槽、硝酸重金屬貯槽、加溫置換裝置、加溫置換殘留液貯槽以及冷凝裝置，該高效回收硝酸的分離設備能夠將所收集之硝酸待處理液，進行分離出雜質顆粒、水、硝酸以及金屬雜質，並將分離後硝酸液體流入硝酸貯槽中進行存放，以達到硝酸與金屬雜質回收再利用之目的。The invention provides a separation device and a method thereof for efficiently recovering nitric acid, wherein the separation device for efficiently recovering nitric acid comprises a collection storage tank, an impurity separation device, a relay tank, a microporous separation device, a nitric acid storage tank, a heavy metal storage tank for nitric acid, and a method. The temperature replacement device, the heating replacement residual liquid storage tank and the condensing device, the high-efficiency recovery nitric acid separation device can separate the collected nitric acid treatment liquid into impurity particles, water, nitric acid and metal impurities, and separate the separated nitric acid liquid It flows into the nitric acid storage tank for storage to achieve the purpose of recycling nitric acid and metal impurities.
可達成上述發明目的之高效回收硝酸的分離設備及其方法，其中該高效回收硝酸的分離設備，係包含一收集貯槽，收集待處理液，並形成待處理貯存液；一雜質分離裝置，係與該收集貯槽相連接，而該雜質分離裝置能夠將待處理貯存液抽取至該雜質分離裝置中，以將待處理貯存液中的雜質顆粒分離出來，並形成已去除雜質顆粒之過濾液體；一中繼槽，係與雜質分離裝置相連接，用以收集已去除雜質顆粒之過濾液體；一微孔分離裝置，係與該中繼槽相連接，該微孔分離裝置能夠接收已去除雜質顆粒之過濾液體，而該微孔分離裝置中係設置有至少一個奈米級過濾膜，該奈米級過濾膜能夠將過濾液體中的硝酸液體與硝酸重金屬液體分 離；一硝酸貯槽，係與該微孔分離裝置相連接，該微孔分離裝置能夠將過濾產生之硝酸液體流入該硝酸貯槽中進行存放；一硝酸重金屬貯槽，係與該微孔分離裝置相連接，該微孔分離裝置能夠將分離後之硝酸重金屬液體流入該硝酸重金屬貯槽中進行存放；一加溫置換裝置，係與該微孔分離裝置相連接，該加溫置換裝置能夠接收該微孔分離裝置所分離之硝酸重金屬液體，並進行加溫置換作用加熱至特定溫度，以使硝酸重金屬液體中的硝酸成份與水蒸發混合形成硝酸混合蒸氣；一加溫置換殘留液貯槽，係與加溫置換裝置相連接，所加溫置換後之槽內殘留液可流入該加溫置換殘留液貯槽中進行存放；以及一冷凝裝置，係與該加溫置換裝置及該硝酸貯槽相連接，該冷凝裝置能夠接收硝酸混合蒸氣，用以使硝酸混合蒸氣冷卻而凝結成硝酸溶液後，再流入該硝酸貯槽中存放。A separation apparatus and a method for efficiently recovering nitric acid capable of achieving the above object, wherein the separation apparatus for efficiently recovering nitric acid comprises a collection tank, collecting a liquid to be treated, and forming a storage liquid to be treated; and an impurity separation device The collection storage tank is connected, and the impurity separation device is capable of extracting the storage liquid to be treated into the impurity separation device to separate the impurity particles in the storage liquid to be treated, and forming a filtration liquid from which the impurity particles have been removed; The subsequent tank is connected to the impurity separating device for collecting the filtered liquid from which the impurity particles have been removed; a microporous separating device is connected to the relay tank, and the microporous separating device can receive the filtering of the removed impurity particles. a liquid, wherein the microporous separation device is provided with at least one nanofiltration membrane capable of separating a nitric acid liquid and a nitric acid heavy metal liquid in the filtration liquid The nitric acid storage tank is connected to the microporous separation device, and the microporous separation device can flow the nitric acid liquid generated by the filtration into the nitric acid storage tank for storage; the nitric acid heavy metal storage tank is connected to the microporous separation device; The microporous separation device can store the separated heavy metal nitrate liquid into the nitric acid heavy metal storage tank for storage; a heating and replacing device is connected to the microporous separation device, and the heating and replacing device can receive the microporous separation. The heavy metal liquid of nitric acid separated by the device is heated to a specific temperature by heating and replacing, so that the nitric acid component in the heavy metal liquid of the nitric acid is evaporated and mixed with water to form a mixed vapour of nitric acid; a heating and replacing the residual liquid storage tank is replaced by heating The device is connected, the residual liquid in the tank after the heating replacement can flow into the heating displacement residual liquid storage tank for storage; and a condensation device is connected to the heating replacement device and the nitric acid storage tank, the condensation device can Receiving a nitric acid mixed vapor for cooling the nitric acid mixed vapor to be condensed into a nitric acid solution, and then flowing into the nitric acid Sump storage.
更具體的說，所述待處理貯存液若雜質少且含高濃度重金屬及硝酸時，其可不需經過前處理可直接送至該硝酸重金屬貯槽存放。More specifically, if the storage liquid to be treated has less impurities and contains a high concentration of heavy metals and nitric acid, it can be directly sent to the nitric acid heavy metal storage tank without pretreatment.
更具體的說，所述微孔分離裝置於雜質少時，能夠直接將過濾液體中硝酸分離出來或加以濃縮，並流入硝酸貯槽存放。More specifically, the microporous separation device can directly separate or concentrate the nitric acid in the filtered liquid when the impurities are small, and flow into the nitric acid storage tank for storage.
更具體的說，所述微孔分離裝置於雜質複雜時，可先經過雜質分離裝置將雜質先行移除後再透過該奈米級過濾膜將硝酸液體與硝酸重金屬液體分離，其中所分離出之硝酸液體則流入硝酸貯槽存放，且硝酸重金屬液體則送入硝酸重金屬貯槽存放。More specifically, when the impurity is complicated, the microporous separation device may first remove impurities by an impurity separation device and then separate the nitric acid liquid from the heavy metal nitrate liquid through the nanofiltration membrane, wherein the separation is performed. The nitric acid liquid flows into the nitric acid storage tank, and the nitric acid heavy metal liquid is sent to the nitric acid heavy metal storage tank for storage.
更具體的說，所述雜質分離裝置係為MF/UF級孔徑之分離設備或離心裝置。More specifically, the impurity separating device is a separation device or a centrifugal device of an MF/UF class aperture.
更具體的說，所述雜質分離裝置之種類、材質與孔徑係依待 處理液中需分離之物質而定。More specifically, the type, material and aperture of the impurity separation device are dependent on It depends on the substance to be separated in the treatment liquid.
更具體的說，所述微孔分離裝置係為NF/RO級孔徑之分離設備。More specifically, the microporous separation device is a separation device of NF/RO size pore size.
更具體的說，所述微孔分離裝置之材質與孔徑係依待處理液中硝酸濃度與重金屬雜質濃度性質多寡而定。More specifically, the material and pore size of the microporous separation device depend on the concentration of nitric acid and the concentration of heavy metal impurities in the liquid to be treated.
更具體的說，所述加溫置換裝置其形式或加溫方式只要能夠提供足夠溫度達到硝酸蒸汽產生即可。More specifically, the heating and replacing device may be in the form of a heating method as long as it can supply a sufficient temperature to generate nitric acid vapor.
而本發明之高效回收硝酸的分離方法，其步驟為：1.收集待處理液，並形成待處理貯存液，2.將待處理貯存液中的雜質顆粒分離出來，並形成已去除雜質顆粒之過濾液體；3.之後，再將過濾液體中的硝酸液體與硝酸重金屬液體分離，而分離出之硝酸液體則流入硝酸貯槽中進行存放；4.而所分離之硝酸重金屬液體進行加溫置換作用，以使硝酸重金屬液體中的硝酸成份與水蒸發混合形成硝酸混合蒸氣後，再將硝酸混合蒸氣冷卻而凝結成硝酸溶液後，亦流入硝酸貯槽中存放。The method for separating the high-efficiency recovery nitric acid of the present invention comprises the steps of: 1. collecting the liquid to be treated, and forming a storage liquid to be treated; 2. separating the impurity particles in the storage liquid to be treated, and forming the removed impurity particles. Filtering the liquid; 3. After that, separating the nitric acid liquid in the filtered liquid from the heavy metal liquid of the nitric acid, and separating the separated nitric acid liquid into the nitric acid storage tank for storage; 4. and separating the separated heavy metal liquid of nitric acid for heating and replacing, After the nitric acid component of the nitric acid heavy metal liquid is evaporated and mixed with water to form a nitric acid mixed vapor, the nitric acid mixed vapor is cooled and condensed into a nitric acid solution, and then stored in a nitric acid storage tank.
更具體的說，所述進行加溫置換作用，只要能夠提供足夠溫度達到硝酸蒸汽產生即可。More specifically, the heating and replacing action is performed as long as sufficient temperature can be supplied to achieve the generation of nitric acid vapor.
更具體的說，所述足夠溫度係為126~150℃。More specifically, the sufficient temperature is 126 to 150 °C.
更具體的說，所述進行加溫置換作用後，則會於槽內產生殘留液，並將加溫置換後之槽內殘留液收集至加溫置換殘留液貯槽，以回收有價物質再利用之。More specifically, after the heating and replacing action, a residual liquid is generated in the tank, and the residual liquid in the tank after the heating replacement is collected into the heating and replacement residual liquid storage tank to recover the valuable substance for reuse. .
〔本發明〕〔this invention〕
1‧‧‧高效回收硝酸的分離設備1‧‧‧High-efficiency recovery of nitric acid separation equipment
11‧‧‧收集貯槽11‧‧‧ collecting storage tank
12‧‧‧雜質分離裝置12‧‧‧ impurity separation device
13‧‧‧中繼槽13‧‧‧Relay slot
14‧‧‧微孔分離裝置14‧‧‧Microporous separation device
15‧‧‧硝酸貯槽15‧‧‧Nitrate storage tank
16‧‧‧硝酸重金屬貯槽16‧‧‧Nitrate heavy metal storage tank
17‧‧‧加溫置換裝置17‧‧‧Heating replacement device
18‧‧‧加溫置換殘留液貯槽18‧‧‧ Heating replacement residual liquid storage tank
19‧‧‧冷凝裝置19‧‧‧Condensing device
圖一為本發明高效回收硝酸的分離設備及其方法之結構示意圖；以及圖二為本發明高效回收硝酸的分離設備及其方法之流程圖。1 is a schematic structural view of a separation apparatus and a method for efficiently recovering nitric acid according to the present invention; and FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a separation apparatus and a method for efficiently recovering nitric acid according to the present invention.
有關於本發明之前述及其他技術內容、特點與功效，在以下配合參考圖式之較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚的呈現。The above and other technical contents, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.
請參閱圖一，為本發明一種高效回收硝酸的分離設備及其方法之結構示意圖，由圖中可知，該高效回收硝酸的分離設備1係包含一收集貯槽11、一雜質分離裝置12、一中繼槽13、一微孔分離裝置14、一硝酸貯槽15、一硝酸重金屬貯槽16、一加溫置換裝置17、一加溫置換殘留液貯槽18以及一冷凝裝置19，其中該收集貯槽11係能夠收集待處理液，並形成待處理貯存液，而該收集貯槽11係與該雜質分離裝置12相連接，該雜質分離裝置12係為一種分離水中顆粒之設備(例如薄膜設備或離心設備)，選用上將視待處理液水中雜質狀況，將含硝酸液體中顆粒雜質分離，或是配合化學處理將其他無機離子混凝後將顆粒性雜質分離，以保護後續處理設備及避免雜質進入系統反應造成危害，因此能夠藉由泵浦將待處理貯存液抽取至該雜質分離裝置12中，以將待處理貯存液中的雜質顆粒分離出來，並形成已去除雜質顆粒之過濾液體，其中雜質顆粒係指鐵屑、塑膠片、外界塵埃帶入槽中等細小顆粒物質；而本發明所使用之雜質分離裝置12係為MF/UF級孔徑之分離設備或離心分離裝置，該MF/UF級孔徑之分離設備之材質與孔徑視待處理液需分離之物質決定之(例如一般常用中空 絲薄膜分離設備，需要孔徑0.1um才可有效分離微小顆粒性雜質)。1 is a schematic structural view of a separation apparatus and a method for efficiently recovering nitric acid according to the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the separation apparatus 1 for efficiently recovering nitric acid comprises a collection tank 11, an impurity separation device 12, and a middle Following the tank 13, a microporous separation device 14, a nitric acid storage tank 15, a nitric acid heavy metal storage tank 16, a warming displacement device 17, a warming displacement residual liquid storage tank 18, and a condensation device 19, wherein the collection storage tank 11 is capable of Collecting the liquid to be treated and forming a stock solution to be treated, and the collecting tank 11 is connected to the impurity separating device 12, and the impurity separating device 12 is a device for separating particles in water (for example, a film device or a centrifugal device). The upper part will separate the particulate impurities in the nitric acid-containing liquid according to the impurity condition in the liquid water to be treated, or separate the particulate impurities by coagulation with other inorganic ions in combination with chemical treatment to protect the subsequent processing equipment and prevent the impurities from entering the system. Therefore, the stock solution to be treated can be extracted into the impurity separating device 12 by pumping to remove impurities in the stock solution to be treated. The particles are separated and form a filtered liquid from which the impurity particles are removed, wherein the impurity particles are iron fine particles, a plastic sheet, and foreign dust are introduced into the tank and the fine particulate matter; and the impurity separating device 12 used in the present invention is MF/UF. The separation device or the centrifugal separation device of the stage aperture, the material and the aperture of the separation device of the MF/UF class aperture are determined according to the substance to be separated from the liquid to be treated (for example, generally used hollow The silk membrane separation equipment requires a pore size of 0.1 um to effectively separate fine particulate impurities).
而於該雜質分離裝置12將雜質顆粒分離出來後，能夠再將已去除雜質顆粒之過濾液體流入中繼槽13再至該微孔分離裝置14中，該微孔分離裝置14中係設置有至少一組奈米級過濾膜(圖中未示)，並能夠視過濾液體中所含物質性質與濃度分別選用不同孔徑之微孔分離裝置將過濾液體中之硝酸與硝酸金屬分離，但若是過濾液體中之雜質少時，則能夠直接將過濾液體濃縮，並流入硝酸貯槽15中存放回收，反之，若過濾液體中之雜質複雜時，則必須透過該奈米級過濾膜將硝酸液體與硝酸重金屬液體分離，而分離出之硝酸液體則流入硝酸貯槽15中存放回收，硝酸重金屬液體則至硝酸重金屬貯槽16中存放；如待處理貯存液之雜質少且含高濃度重金屬及硝酸時，其可不需經過前處理可直接送至硝酸重金屬貯槽16存放；而本發明所使用的微孔分離裝置14係為NF/RO級孔徑之分離設備，而該NF/RO級孔徑之分離設備之材質與孔徑係依待處理液中硝酸濃度與重金屬雜質濃度性質多寡而定。After the impurity separating device 12 separates the impurity particles, the filtered liquid from which the impurity particles have been removed can be further flowed into the relay tank 13 and then into the microporous separating device 14, and the microporous separating device 14 is provided with at least A set of nanofiltration membranes (not shown), and capable of separating the nitric acid from the nitric acid in the filtered liquid by using a microporous separation device with different pore sizes depending on the nature and concentration of the substances contained in the filtered liquid, but if the liquid is filtered When there are few impurities, the filtered liquid can be directly concentrated and flowed into the nitric acid storage tank 15 for storage and recovery. Conversely, if the impurities in the filtered liquid are complicated, the nitric acid liquid and the nitric acid heavy metal liquid must be passed through the nanofiltration membrane. Separation, and the separated nitric acid liquid flows into the nitric acid storage tank 15 for storage and recovery, and the nitric acid heavy metal liquid is stored in the nitric acid heavy metal storage tank 16; if the storage liquid to be treated has less impurities and contains high concentration of heavy metals and nitric acid, it does not need to pass through The pretreatment can be directly sent to the nitric acid heavy metal storage tank 16 for storage; and the microporous separation device 14 used in the present invention is a separation of the NF/RO pore size. The material and the pore size of the separation device of the NF/RO-level pore size depend on the concentration of nitric acid and the concentration of heavy metal impurities in the liquid to be treated.
另外，被分離出之硝酸重金屬液體，則透過與該微孔分離裝置14相連接之加溫置換裝置17，將硝酸重金屬貯槽16接收進入該加溫置換裝置17中，進行加溫置換作用加熱至126℃以上(最好的狀態是加熱至126~150℃)，並以硝酸重金屬液體中的硝酸成份與水蒸發混合形成硝酸混合蒸氣，之後，再將硝酸混合蒸氣引入該冷凝裝置19中，以使硝酸混合蒸氣冷卻而凝結成硝酸溶液後，再流入該硝酸貯槽15中存放。Further, the separated heavy metal nitrate liquid is passed through the heating and replacing device 17 connected to the microporous separator 14 to receive the heavy metal nitrate storage tank 16 into the heating and replacing device 17, and is heated and replaced by heating. Above 126 ° C (the best state is heated to 126 ~ 150 ° C), and the nitric acid in the heavy metal nitrate liquid is evaporated and mixed with water to form a nitric acid mixed vapor, after which the nitric acid mixed vapor is introduced into the condensing device 19 to The nitric acid mixed vapor is cooled and condensed into a nitric acid solution, and then stored in the nitric acid storage tank 15 for storage.
而本發明高效回收硝酸的分離方法，如圖二所示，其步驟為：1.收集待處理液，並形成待處理貯存液201； 2.將待處理貯存液中的雜質顆粒分離出來，並形成已去除雜質顆粒之過濾液體202；3.之後，再將過濾液體中的硝酸液體與硝酸重金屬液體分離，而分離出之硝酸液體則流入硝酸貯槽中進行存放203；4.而所分離之硝酸重金屬液體進行加溫置換作用，以使硝酸重金屬液體中的硝酸成份與水蒸發混合形成硝酸混合蒸氣後，再將硝酸混合蒸氣冷卻而凝結成硝酸溶液後，亦流入硝酸貯槽中存放204；5.最後，將加溫置換後之槽內殘留液收集至加溫置換殘留液貯槽，以待後續處理後，能夠回收有價物質再利用之205。The method for efficiently recovering nitric acid according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, the steps are as follows: 1. collecting the liquid to be treated, and forming a stock solution 201 to be treated; 2. separating the impurity particles in the stock solution to be treated, and forming the filtered liquid 202 from which the impurity particles have been removed; 3. After that, separating the nitric acid liquid in the filtered liquid from the heavy metal liquid of the nitric acid, and separating the nitric acid liquid Flowing into the nitric acid storage tank for storage 203; 4. The separated heavy metal liquid of nitric acid is subjected to heating replacement, so that the nitric acid component in the heavy metal liquid of the nitric acid is evaporated and mixed with water to form a mixed vapor of nitric acid, and then the nitric acid mixed vapor is cooled and condensed. After being formed into a nitric acid solution, it is also poured into a nitric acid storage tank to store 204; 5. Finally, the residual liquid in the tank after heating and replacing is collected into a heating and replacement residual liquid storage tank, and after being processed, the valuable substance can be recovered and reused. .
本發明所提供之高效回收硝酸的分離設備及其方法，與其他習用技術相互比較時，優點如下：The separation device and method for efficiently recovering nitric acid provided by the invention have the following advantages when compared with other conventional technologies:
1.本發明之分離設備及其方法能夠有效的回收待處理液中的硝酸，以降低環境中硝酸污染，尤其更能夠將待處理液中之硝酸具有價值重金屬者，經過硝酸分離後之硝酸重金屬可以濃縮提煉再利用，以提高經濟價值效益。1. The separation device and the method thereof of the invention can effectively recover the nitric acid in the liquid to be treated, so as to reduce the pollution of nitric acid in the environment, in particular, the nitric acid in the liquid to be treated has a valuable heavy metal, and the heavy metal of nitric acid after separation by nitric acid It can be concentrated, refined and reused to improve economic value.
2.本發明能夠將待處理液中鐵屑、塑膠片、外界塵埃等一類的雜質顆粒分離出來，以保護後續處理設備及避免雜質進入系統反應造成危害。2. The invention can separate the impurity particles such as iron chips, plastic sheets and external dust in the liquid to be treated, so as to protect the subsequent processing equipment and prevent the impurities from entering the system to cause harm.
3.本發明能夠將不同濃度含有硝酸之待處理物有效分離出硝酸，若是待處理物含有重金屬物質也可有效分離後再利用，以實現降低環境污染及資源回用之目標。3. The invention can effectively separate the treated substances containing nitric acid at different concentrations into nitric acid, and if the substance to be treated contains heavy metal substances, it can be effectively separated and reused, so as to achieve the goal of reducing environmental pollution and resource recycling.
藉由以上較佳具體實施例之詳述，係希望能更加清楚描述本 發明之特徵與精神，而並非以上述所揭露的較佳具體實施例來對本發明之範疇加以限制。相反地，其目的是希望能涵蓋各種改變及具相等性的安排於本發明所欲申請之專利範圍的範疇內。With the above detailed description of the preferred embodiments, it is desirable to describe this more clearly. The invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein. On the contrary, the intention is to cover various modifications and equivalents within the scope of the invention as claimed.
1‧‧‧分離設備1‧‧‧Separation equipment
11‧‧‧收集貯槽11‧‧‧ collecting storage tank
12‧‧‧雜質分離裝置12‧‧‧ impurity separation device
13‧‧‧中繼槽13‧‧‧Relay slot
14‧‧‧微孔分離裝置14‧‧‧Microporous separation device
15‧‧‧硝酸貯槽15‧‧‧Nitrate storage tank
16‧‧‧硝酸重金屬貯槽16‧‧‧Nitrate heavy metal storage tank
17‧‧‧加溫置換裝置17‧‧‧Heating replacement device
18‧‧‧加溫置換殘留液貯槽18‧‧‧ Heating replacement residual liquid storage tank
19‧‧‧冷凝裝置19‧‧‧Condensing device
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| CN1760116A (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2006-04-19 | 武汉新奇集团有限公司 | Method and equipment for recovering waste vitriol produced in fabricating pole plates of lead-acid accumulator |
| CN102730891A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2012-10-17 | 华夏新资源有限公司 | System for cyclically utilizing nitric acid in wet process of surface treatment |
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| CN1760116A (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2006-04-19 | 武汉新奇集团有限公司 | Method and equipment for recovering waste vitriol produced in fabricating pole plates of lead-acid accumulator |
| CN102730891A (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2012-10-17 | 华夏新资源有限公司 | System for cyclically utilizing nitric acid in wet process of surface treatment |
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