TWI595727B - Battery supply and control module for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Power supply control module for electric vehicles

The invention relates to a power supply control module for an electric vehicle, in particular to a power supply control module suitable for an electric vehicle.

In electric vehicles, there are generally battery packs, motor controllers, and DC power converters as basic power supply modules. When the battery is connected to the vehicle system, there are sustain voltages inside the motor controller and the DC power converter. Stable large capacitance, so when the battery is in the charged state, it will directly discharge its large capacitance, and the abnormal instantaneous large current will occur due to the voltage difference between the two ends. Or, in a few cases, the consumer may first turn on the load (such as: headlights, speakers, etc.) to start the power of the vehicle. At this time, although no spark is generated, the battery is charged at a small current. The energy charged by the circuit to the motor controller and the DC power converter will continue to be consumed by the load, causing the voltage at the capacitor terminal to be unable to be established smoothly. There is a high probability that the headlights will flicker and the lithium battery pack will falsely start the overcurrent protection problem. .

In order to solve the above problems, in the past, the battery pack was designed with a small current charging circuit. First, the capacitor was charged with a small current, and then the main discharge switch of the battery pack was turned on after being charged to a certain voltage. On the other hand, let the control module wait for a period of time (time is defined by the size of the vehicle's capacitance and charging current) to allow the load such as the headlights to be turned on, so as to avoid the situation that the voltage of the capacitor terminal cannot be established smoothly.

However, there is a certain manufacturing difference in the size of the capacitor on the whole vehicle. Different types of electric vehicles will also set different capacitance values. If a fixed delay time is simply set to the control module to delay the opening of the load, the delay time will be delayed. Long and affect the commercial nature of electric vehicles, and different models need to set different delay time, so the program needs to be adjusted according to different models, and can not be produced with the same preset parameters. Inventors for this reason, in the spirit of active invention, thinking about a power supply control module for electric vehicles that can solve the above problems, after several research experiments to complete the present invention.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a power supply control module for an electric vehicle, which is mainly for pre-charging control of a large capacitor for maintaining voltage stability in some electronic components, which is designed by using the inside or outside of the battery pack. The small current charging circuit, together with the unique control module and communication interface of the invention, can effectively prevent the battery from directly discharging the large capacitor under the charged state, improve the durability of the battery pack, and improve the conventional capacitor charging delay time. The performance is missing.

In order to achieve the above object, the system architecture of the power supply control module for an electric vehicle of the present invention has two main functions: one is to build a small current pre-charging circuit in the battery pack, and includes a battery pack and a motor controller. A control module and a DC power converter. The battery pack includes a battery main switch and a battery pre-charging circuit. The battery pre-charging circuit includes a battery pre-charge switch and a resistor; the motor controller is electrically connected to the battery pack; and the control module is electrically connected to the battery pack and the motor controller respectively. And communicating with the battery pack and the motor controller by using a communication interface; the DC power converter is electrically connected to at least one load. Wherein, before the main switch of the battery is turned on, the battery pack will pre-open the battery pre-charging circuit, charge the motor controller and the DC power converter with a small current, then turn on the main battery switch, and inform the control module that the control module has been completed through the communication interface. After the precharge operation, the control module supplies power to each load.

The second is to establish a small current pre-charging circuit outside the battery pack, including a battery pack, a motor controller, an external switching component, a control module, and a DC power converter. The motor controller is electrically connected to the battery pack; the external switching component is electrically connected to the battery pack, and includes an external main switch and an external pre-charging circuit, the external pre-charging circuit includes an external pre-charge switch and a resistor; and the control module is electrically connected to the battery The group and the motor controller communicate with the battery pack and the motor controller respectively by using a communication interface; the DC power converter is electrically connected to at least one load. Wherein, before the external main switch is turned on, the battery pack will pre-open the external pre-charging circuit, charge the motor controller and the DC power converter with small current, then open the external main switch, and inform the control module that the control module has been completed through the communication interface. After the precharge operation, the control module supplies power to each load.

With the above design, when the battery pack is connected to the vehicle system, the large capacitor for voltage regulation is charged with a small current in advance, and after the battery is fully charged to a certain voltage, the main switch of the power source is turned on, and then the control module and the communication are transmitted. The interface transmits a signal that allows the load to receive power. Thereby, the problems of melting loss and increased resistance value caused by sparks at the joint end of the battery pack can be effectively avoided, and the overcurrent protection of the battery pack can be prevented from being accidentally activated, resulting in a situation such as a power failure and power failure.

The DC power converter can be a separate unit and directly connected to the battery pack. Alternatively, the DC power converter can be placed in the motor controller and indirectly connected to the battery pack. Therefore, for different models, the position and size of the DC power converter can be adjusted to achieve an optimized structural configuration, which has both cost and performance considerations.

The control module and the communication interface can be disposed in one of the loads, especially in the position where the meter is most frequently set. In addition, in addition to being disposed outside the load, the control module can be further disposed in a driving controller, a motor controller, a DC power converter, and the like for power control to prevent energy from being continuously consumed by the load.

The above communication interface can be a controller area network (CANBUS), which utilizes a two-line differential transmission technology to greatly reduce the amount of wires used and reduce the number of contacts on the line, so that the probability of occurrence of signal failure is greatly reduced. The transmission of network messages becomes more reliable and efficient.

The at least one load may be a meter, a horn or a headlight, respectively, and the power supply is stepped down by the DC power converter, and is connected to the control module.

The above summary and the following detailed description are exemplary in order to further illustrate the scope of the invention. Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description and drawings.

1,10‧‧‧Power supply control module

11,110‧‧‧Key switch

2,20‧‧‧Battery Pack

21‧‧‧Battery main switch

22‧‧‧Battery precharge road

221‧‧‧Battery precharge switch

222‧‧‧resistance

23‧‧‧ batteries

3,30‧‧‧Motor controller

41,410‧‧‧Control Module

42,420‧‧‧Communication interface

5,50‧‧‧DC power converter

6,60‧‧‧load

61,610‧‧‧ instruments

62,620‧‧‧ Speaker

63,630‧‧‧ headlights

70‧‧‧External switching elements

71‧‧‧External main switch

72‧‧‧External precharge road

721‧‧‧External precharge switch

722‧‧‧resistance

1 is a system architecture diagram of a power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a system architecture diagram of a power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a system architecture diagram of a power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a system architecture diagram of a power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a system architecture diagram of a power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the power supply control module 1 includes: a battery pack 2, a motor controller 3, a DC power converter 5, a triple load 6 and a control module 41 and a communication device disposed in the load 6. Interface 42.

In this embodiment, the battery pack 2 includes a battery main switch 21 and a battery pre-charging circuit 22, the battery pre-charging circuit 22 includes a battery pre-charge switch 221 and a resistor 222, wherein the switch and the pre-charging circuit They are all disposed at the negative end of the battery pack 2, but not limited thereto, and may also be disposed at the positive end of the battery pack 2. In addition, the battery pack 2 is electrically connected to the motor controller 3 and the DC power converter 5, and is passed through a key switch 11 as a trigger switch for starting the battery pack 2. In addition, the control module 41 and the communication interface 42 of the present invention are disposed in a load 6. In the present embodiment, the load is a meter 61 for contacting the battery pack 2, the motor controller 3, and the rest of the load. 6 (including a speaker 62 and a large lamp 63) communication and control hub.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a system architecture diagram of a power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the DC power converter 5 of the first embodiment is a separate unit, which is directly connected to the battery pack 2 and the load 6; The power converter 5 is disposed in the motor controller 3 and is indirectly connected to the battery pack 2. Therefore, for different models, the position and size of the DC power converter 5 can be adjusted to achieve an optimized structural configuration, which has both cost and performance considerations.

When the user turns on the key switch 11, the battery pre-charging circuit 22 connected to the battery cell 23 of the battery pack 2 is executed, that is, the battery pre-charge switch 221 is turned on, so that the battery pack 2 supplies a small current to the motor first. The controller 3 and the DC power converter 5 and the like charge the large capacitor for internal voltage regulation. During the above charging period, the battery pack 2 actively informs the control module through a communication interface 42. The small current charging of the group 41 battery pre-charging circuit 22 is successfully completed. At this time, the load 6 cannot obtain the power supply, and the charging energy can be prevented from being continuously consumed by the load, such as causing headlight flicker or false start overcurrent protection. And other issues. In this embodiment, the controller area network (CANBUS) is used, and multiple communication interfaces can be connected in parallel, and a terminal resistor is mounted at the end. Generally, the terminal resistance is 120 ohms, so the CANbus is transmitted through the CAN. The two-wire differential transmission technology greatly reduces the amount of wire used and reduces the number of contacts on the line, which greatly reduces the chance of signal failure. Until the pre-charging function is completed, the battery pack 2 turns on the battery main switch 21 and informs the control module 41 that the pre-charging operation has been completed through the communication interface 42, and the control module 41 supplies power to the other loads 6 to complete the power supply. The control process.

With the above design, the problem of melting loss and increased resistance value caused by sparks at the joint end of the battery pack 2 can be effectively avoided, and the overcurrent protection of the battery pack can be prevented from being accidentally activated, resulting in a situation such as a power failure and power failure.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a system architecture diagram of a power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to the third embodiment. As shown, the power supply control module 10 includes a battery pack 20, an external switching component 70, a motor controller 30, a DC power converter 50, a triple load 60, and a control disposed within the load 60. The module 410 and a communication interface 420.

In this embodiment, the external switching component 70 is electrically connected to the battery pack 20, and includes an external main switch 71 and an external pre-charging circuit 72. The external pre-charging circuit 72 includes an external pre-charge switch 721 and a resistor 722. The switch and the pre-charging circuit are both disposed at the negative terminal of the battery pack 20, but not limited thereto, and may be disposed at the positive terminal of the battery pack 20. In addition, the battery pack 20 is electrically connected to the motor controller 30 and the DC power converter 50, and is passed through a key switch 110 as a trigger switch for starting the battery pack 20. In addition, the control module 410 and the communication interface 420 of the present invention are disposed in a load 60, and the load 60 is in the present In the embodiment, it is a meter 610 which serves as a communication and control hub for contacting the battery pack 20, the motor controller 30 and the remaining load 60 (including a speaker 620 and a large lamp 630).

Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a system architecture diagram of a power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that the DC power converter 50 of the third embodiment is a separate unit, which is directly connected to the battery pack 20 and the load 60; and the DC of the embodiment The power converter 50 is disposed in the motor controller 30 and is indirectly connected to the battery pack 20. Therefore, for different models, the position and size of the DC power converter 50 can be adjusted to achieve an optimized structural configuration, which has both cost and performance considerations.

When the user turns on the key switch 110, the external pre-charging circuit 72 connected to the negative pole of the battery pack 20 is executed, that is, the external pre-charge switch 721 is turned on, so that the battery pack 20 supplies a small current to the motor controller first. 30 and DC power converter 50 and other components, for the internal capacitor for charging large capacitors. During the charging period, the battery pack 20 actively informs the control module 410 through the communication interface 420 whether the small current charging of the external pre-charging circuit 72 is successfully completed. At this time, the load 60 cannot obtain the power supply, and the above-mentioned The charging energy is continuously consumed by the load, such as causing headlight flicker or false start overcurrent protection. In this embodiment, the controller area network (CANBUS) is used, and multiple communication interfaces can be connected in parallel, and a terminal resistor is mounted at the end. Generally, the terminal resistance is 120 ohms, so the CANbus is transmitted through the CAN. The two-wire differential transmission technology greatly reduces the amount of wire used and reduces the number of contacts on the line, which greatly reduces the chance of signal failure. Until the pre-charging function is completed, the battery pack 20 turns on the external main switch 71 and informs the control module 410 that the pre-charging operation has been completed through the communication interface 420, and the control module 410 supplies power to the other load 60 to complete the power supply. The control process.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples for convenience of description, and the scope of the claims is intended to be limited to the above embodiments.

1‧‧‧Power supply control module

11‧‧‧Key switch

2‧‧‧Battery Pack

21‧‧‧Battery main switch

22‧‧‧Battery precharge road

221‧‧‧Battery precharge switch

222‧‧‧resistance

23‧‧‧ batteries

3‧‧‧Motor controller

41‧‧‧Control Module

42‧‧‧Communication interface

5‧‧‧DC power converter

6‧‧‧ load

61‧‧‧ instruments

62‧‧‧ Horn

63‧‧‧ headlights

Claims (6)

A power supply control module for an electric vehicle includes: a battery pack including a battery main switch and a battery pre-charging circuit, the battery pre-charging circuit including a battery pre-charge switch and a resistor; a motor a controller, electrically connected to the battery pack; a control module electrically connecting the battery pack and the motor controller respectively, and communicating with the battery pack and the motor controller by using a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is controlled And a DC power converter, electrically connected to at least one load; wherein, before the battery main switch is turned on, the battery pack pre-opens the battery pre-charging circuit, and converts the motor controller and the DC power source The device performs small current charging, and then turns on the battery main switch, and after the communication interface informs the control module that the pre-charging operation has been completed, the control module supplies power to each load. A power supply control module for an electric vehicle includes: a battery pack; a motor controller electrically connected to the battery pack; and an external switching component electrically connected to the battery pack, including an external main switch and an external pre- a charging circuit, the external pre-charging circuit includes an external pre-charge switch and a resistor; a control module electrically connecting the battery pack and the motor controller respectively, and respectively using the communication interface with the battery pack and the motor controller Communicating, the communication interface is a controller area network; and a DC power converter electrically connecting at least one load; wherein, before the external main switch is turned on, the battery pack will pre-open the external pre-charging circuit, The motor controller and the DC power converter perform small current charging, and then turn the external main switch on, and After the communication interface informs the control module that the pre-charging operation has been completed, the control module supplies power to each load. The power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the DC power converter is a separate unit directly connected to the battery pack. The power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the DC power converter is disposed in the motor controller and is indirectly connected to the battery pack. The power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control module and the communication interface are disposed in one of the loads. The power supply control module for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one load is a meter, a horn or a headlight.