TWI576116B - 氟化物－安定化之含鋅組成物 - Google Patents
氟化物－安定化之含鋅組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI576116B TWI576116B TW102143629A TW102143629A TWI576116B TW I576116 B TWI576116 B TW I576116B TW 102143629 A TW102143629 A TW 102143629A TW 102143629 A TW102143629 A TW 102143629A TW I576116 B TWI576116 B TW I576116B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- fluoride
- composition
- sodium
- acid
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 145
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title description 51
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 46
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 45
- 229940091249 fluoride supplement Drugs 0.000 claims description 42
- -1 sodium fluoroantimonate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 41
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- WGIWBXUNRXCYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O WGIWBXUNRXCYRA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011746 zinc citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000006076 zinc citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 229940068475 zinc citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- RBLGLDWTCZMLRW-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium;phosphate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RBLGLDWTCZMLRW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium diphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O JUNWLZAGQLJVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940043256 calcium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019821 dicalcium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000414 sodium fluoride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XGRSAFKZAGGXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-3-cyclohexylpropanoate Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(N)C1CCCCC1 XGRSAFKZAGGXJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004711 sodium monofluorophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical class S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- CANRESZKMUPMAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc lactate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O CANRESZKMUPMAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- XROWMBWRMNHXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrafluoride Chemical class [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Ti+4] XROWMBWRMNHXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011576 zinc lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000000193 zinc lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940050168 zinc lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- SOLUNJPVPZJLOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;distiborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-][Sb]([O-])([O-])=O.[O-][Sb]([O-])([O-])=O SOLUNJPVPZJLOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009697 arginine Nutrition 0.000 description 31
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 29
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 15
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000551 dentifrice Substances 0.000 description 12
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000002324 mouth wash Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical group O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940051866 mouthwash Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- BHHYHSUAOQUXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc fluoride Chemical compound F[Zn]F BHHYHSUAOQUXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triclosan Chemical compound OC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl XEFQLINVKFYRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatine Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])N(C)CC([O-])=O CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000018977 lysine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229960003500 triclosan Drugs 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Geraniol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Ornithine Chemical compound NCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-citrulline Chemical compound NC(=O)NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ndelta-carbamoyl-DL-ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=O RHGKLRLOHDJJDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orn-delta-NH2 Natural products NCCCC(N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(C)CCCN UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229960003121 arginine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960002173 citrulline Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000013477 citrulline Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 208000007565 gingivitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960003104 ornithine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002799 stannous fluoride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- ANOBYBYXJXCGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L stannous fluoride Chemical compound F[Sn]F ANOBYBYXJXCGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
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- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- BLCJBICVQSYOIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diaminobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(N)(N)C(O)=O BLCJBICVQSYOIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PECYZEOJVXMISF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-aminoalanine Chemical compound [NH3+]CC(N)C([O-])=O PECYZEOJVXMISF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-arginine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCN=C(N)N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229960001296 zinc oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940077935 zinc phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本文敘述一種口腔護理組成物，包括鋅離子來源、氟化物離子來源、及鹼性胺基酸；與製作及使用該組成物之方法一起。
由於來自非細菌來源之酸侵襲，牙科腐蝕涉及牙齒結構之去礦化及損壞。腐蝕最初於琺瑯質發現，若未檢查，可繼續進行至下面象牙質。由酸性食物與飲料、暴露於加氯消毒的游泳池水、及胃酸逆流可造成或惡化牙科腐蝕。牙齒琺瑯質係荷負電表面，其自然傾向吸引荷正電離子例如氫及鈣離子，同時抵抗荷負電離子例如氟化物離子。取決於周圍唾液之相對pH，牙齒琺瑯質將損失或獲得荷正電離子例如鈣離子。一般而言，唾液具有pH介於7.2至7.4。當降低pH且氫離子濃度變得相對高時，氫離子將於琺瑯質中取代鈣離子，形成磷酸，其損害琺瑯質並創造多孔、海綿樣粗糙表面。若唾液保持酸性超過延伸時期，則不可發生再礦化，牙齒將繼續損失礦物質，造成牙齒衰弱及最後損失結構。
有需要治療及減少腐蝕之改良產品。
重金屬離子(例如鋅)係抵抗酸侵襲。鋅於電化學系列中等級高於氫，以致當鋅通過溶液形成二價陽離子Zn2+時，酸性溶液中金屬鋅將反應解放氫氣。已顯示鋅在齒斑及齲齒研究中具有抗菌性。
可溶性鋅鹽(例如檸檬酸鋅)已被用於牙粉組成物，但具有數項缺點。游離鋅離子可與氟化物離子反應製造氟化鋅，其係不溶性且所以減少鋅與氟化物兩者之可得性。再者，溶液中鋅離子給予不愉悅的澀味口感，所以已難以完成提供有效鋅水平及亦具有可接受感官感知性之調配
物。最後，鋅離子將與陰離子介面活性劑反應，例如月桂基硫酸鈉，因而干擾發泡及清潔。
目前已發現包括鋅離子與氟化物一起之調配物當與鹼性胺基酸(例如精胺酸或離胺酸)組合放置時已增進氟化物穩定性。鹼性胺基酸顯露抑制不溶性氟化鋅之形成，從而增進鋅與氟化物兩者之可得性。可得的鋅協助免受腐蝕，減少細菌拓殖及生物膜發展，對牙齒提供增進光彩，同時氟化物協助加強琺瑯質及減少蛀洞形成。再者，調配物不具有劣等味道與口感，及與傳統鋅為主的口腔護理產品有關之劣等發泡及清潔。
本發明因而提供口腔護理組成物，例如牙粉，其包括鋅離子來源、氟化物離子來源、及鹼性胺基酸。組成物可可選擇地進一步包括磷酸鹽來源。組成物可被調配成傳統牙粉或漱口水基質，如包括研磨劑(如二氧化矽研磨劑)、介面活性劑、發泡劑、維生素、聚合物、酶、保濕劑、增稠劑、抗菌劑、保存劑、調味劑、著色劑、及/或其組合。例如，在具體實施例中，本發明提供一種牙粉，包括大約1%檸檬酸鋅、大約5%精胺酸、大約5%鹼性磷酸鹽、及大約1450ppm氟化物於二氧化矽研磨劑牙粉基質中。
本發明進一步提供使用發明組成物之方法，以減少及抑制琺瑯質之酸腐蝕、清潔牙齒、減少產生細菌的生物膜與齒斑、減少齒齦炎、抑制牙齒衰變與蛀洞形成、及減少包括用發明組成物刷牙之牙科過敏性。
本發明進一步應用領域從下文提供的詳細敘述將變得顯而易見。應了解詳細敘述及特定實例雖然指出發明較佳具體實施例，但意欲僅於闡明之目的，並非意欲限制發明範疇。
以下敘述較佳具體實施例僅自然地示範，絕非意欲限制發明、其應用、或用途。
本發明因此於第一具體實施例中提供一種口腔護理組成物，如漱口水或牙粉，其包括鋅離子來源、氟化物離子來源、及鹼性胺基酸(組成物1)，如
1.1組成物1，其中鋅離子來源係選自檸檬酸鋅、硫酸鋅、矽酸鋅、乳酸鋅、磷酸鋅、氧化鋅、及其組合，如提供有效抑制腐蝕的鋅量之有效用量，如0.005至5%鋅，如針對漱口水0.01至0.05%或針對牙粉0.1至3%，如包括1至3%檸檬酸鋅之牙粉。
1.2組成物1，其係呈進一步包括研磨劑之牙粉形式，如二氧化矽研磨劑之有效用量如10至30%、如約20%。
1.3組成物1，其係呈漱口水形式。
1.4任一前述組成物，其中氟化物係呈有效抑制牙齒衰變之用量，如500至3000ppm氟化物。
1.5任一前述組成物，其中氟化物係選自氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、氟化鉀、單氟磷酸鈉、氟矽酸鈉、氟矽酸銨、氟化胺(如N’-十八基三亞甲二胺-N,N,N’-叁(2-乙醇)-二氫氟化物)、氟化銨、氟化鈦、六氟硫酸鹽、及其組合之鹽。
1.6任一前述組成物，其中鹼性胺基酸係呈充分抑制氟化鋅沉澱物形成之用量存在，如約0.5重量%至約20重量%組成物總重、約0.5重量%至約10重量%組成物總重，例如在牙粉情況中約1.5重量%、約3.75重量%、約5重量%、或約7.5重量%組成物總重，或例如在漱口水情況中約0.5至2重量%、如約1%。
1.7任一前述組成物，其中鹼性胺基酸係選自精胺酸、離胺酸、瓜胺酸、鳥胺酸、肌酸、組胺酸、二胺基丁酸、二胺基丙酸、其鹽或其組合。
1.8任一先前組成物，其中鹼性胺基酸係呈充分提升調配物pH達大於pH 8之用量存在，如達pH 8.5至10、如約pH 9至9.5。
1.9任一先前組成物，包括有效用量的一或多種鹼性磷酸鹽，如鈉、鉀、或鈣鹽，如選自鹼性磷酸氫鹽及鹼性焦磷酸鹽，如選自磷酸氫鈉、磷酸氫鉀、磷酸二鈣二水合物、焦磷酸鈣、焦磷酸四鈉、焦磷酸四鉀、三聚磷酸鈉、及任何二或多種此等的混合物之鹼性磷酸鹽，如呈用量1至20%、如2至8%、如約5重量%組成物。
1.10任一前述組成物，包括緩衝劑，如磷酸鈉緩衝劑(如磷酸二氫鈉
與磷酸氫二鈉)。
1.11任一前述組成物，包括如選自甘油、山梨醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、木糖醇、及其混合物之保濕劑，如包括至少20%、如20至40%、如25至35%甘油。
1.12任一先前組成物，包括一或多種介面活性劑，如選自陰離子、陽離子、兩性離子、及非離子介面活性劑、及其混合物，如包括陰離子介面活性劑，如選自月桂基硫酸鈉、月桂基硫酸鈉醚、及其混合物之介面活性劑，如呈用量約0.3%至約4.5重量%、如1至2%月桂基硫酸鈉(SLS)；及/或兩性離子介面活性劑，例如甜菜鹼介面活性劑，例如椰油醯胺基丙基甜菜鹼，如呈用量約0.1%至約4.5重量%、如0.5至2%椰油醯胺基丙基甜菜鹼。
1.13任一先前組成物，進一步包括黏度改質用量的一或多種多醣膠(例如三仙膠或角叉菜膠)、二氧化矽增稠劑、及其組合。
1.14任一先前組成物，包括膠條或碎體。
1.15任一先前組成物，進一步包括調味劑、香氣及/或著色劑。
1.16任一前述組成物，包括有效用量的一或多種抗菌劑，例如包括選自以下抗菌劑：經鹵化二苯醚如三氯沙，草本萃取物與精油如迷迭香萃取物、茶萃取物、木蘭萃取物、瑞香草酚、薄荷腦、桉油醇、香葉草醇、香旱芹酚、檸檬醛、檜木醇、兒茶酚、柳酸甲酯、兒茶素五倍子酸酯、兒茶素、五倍子酸、刷牙樹(miswak)萃取物、沙棘萃取物，雙胍防腐劑如洗必太(chlorhexidine)、阿立西定(alexidine)或奥替尼啶(octenidine)，四級銨化合物如氯化鯨蠟基吡啶(CPC)、殺藻胺(benzalkonium chloride)、氯化十四基吡啶(TPC)、氯化-N-十四基-4-乙基吡啶(TDEPC)，酚系防腐劑，雙辛氫啶(hexetidine)，奥替尼啶(octenidine)，血根鹼(sanguinarine)，普維酮碘，地莫匹醇(delmopinol)，沙力福(salifluor)，金屬離子如鋅離子(例如檸檬酸鋅)、亞錫鹽、銅鹽、鐵鹽，血根鹼，蜂膠與氧化劑如過氧化氫、緩衝的過氧硼酸鈉或過氧碳酸鈉，酞酸與其鹽，單磷苯二甲酸與其鹽及酯，硬脂酸抗壞血酸酯，油醯基肌胺酸，硫酸烷酯，磺琥珀酸二辛酯，柳醯胺
苯，溴化度米芬(domiphen)，地莫匹醇(delmopinol)，辛哌醇(octapinol)與其他哌啶基衍生物，乳酸鏈球菌肽製劑(nisinpreparation)，亞氯酸鹽，及任何前述的混合物如包括三氯沙或氯化鯨蠟基吡啶。
1.17任一前述組成物，包括抗菌有效用量的三氯沙，如0.1至0.5%、如約0.3%。
1.18任一先前組成物，進一步包括增白劑，如選自由過氧化物、金屬亞氯酸鹽、過硼酸鹽、過碳酸鹽、過氧酸、次氯酸鹽、及其組合組成組群。
1.19任一先前組成物，進一步包括過氧化氫或過氧化氫來源，如過氧化脲或過氧化物鹽或複合物(如過氧磷酸鹽、過氧碳酸鹽、過硼酸鹽、過氧矽酸鹽、或過硫酸鹽；例如過氧磷酸鈣、過硼酸鈉、碳酸鈉過氧化物、過氧磷酸鈉、及過硫酸鉀)。
1.20任一先前組成物，進一步包括干擾或防止細菌附著之試劑，如SOLBROL或聚葡萄胺糖。
1.21任一先前組成物，進一步包括選自(i)鈣玻璃複合物如磷矽酸鈉鈣、及(ii)鈣蛋白質複合物如酪蛋白磷肽-非晶質磷酸鈣之鈣及磷酸鹽來源。
1.22任一先前組成物，進一步包括可溶性鈣鹽，如選自硫酸鈣、氯化鈣、硝酸鈣、乙酸鈣、乳酸鈣、及其組合。
1.23任一先前組成物，進一步包括呈有效減少牙科敏感用量之生理或口腔可接受鉀鹽，如硝酸鉀或氯化鉀。
1.24任一前述組成物，進一步包括陰離子聚合物，如合成陰離子聚合物聚羧酸酯，如其中陰離子聚合物係選自順丁烯二酐或酸與另外可聚合乙烯屬不飽和單體之1：4至4：1共聚物，如其中陰離子聚合物係具有平均分子量(M.W.)約30,000至約1,000,000、如約300,000至約800,000之甲基乙烯基醚/順丁烯二酐(PVM/MA)共聚物，如陰離子聚合物係約1至5%、如約2%組成物重量。
1.25任一先前組成物，進一步包括呼吸清新劑、香氣或調味劑。
1.26任一前述組成物，其中組成物pH係酸性或鹼性，如pH 4至pH 5.5或pH 8至pH 10。
1.27任一前述組成物，其係牙粉，其中組成物包括0.5至0.25%、如約1%或約2%檸檬酸鋅；1至10%、如約5%L-精胺酸(游離鹼)；2至8%、如約5%鹼性磷酸鹽，如選自磷酸氫鈉、磷酸氫鉀、磷酸二鈣二水合物、焦磷酸鈣、焦磷酸四鈉、焦磷酸四鉀、三聚磷酸鈉、及任何二或多種此等的混合物；700至2000ppm、如約1450ppm氟化物，如0.3至0.4%、如約0.32%氟化鈉；於二氧化矽研磨劑牙粉基質中。
1.28任一前述組成物，大體包括以下實施例1中試驗調配物A或B相同的成分，如包括列舉成分呈用量範圍+/-5%列舉用量。
1.29任一先前組成物，如用刷牙塗敷於口腔時有效於(i)減少牙齒過敏性，(ii)減少齒斑累積，(iii)減少或抑制牙齒去礦化及促進牙齒再礦化，(iv)抑制微生物生物膜形成於口腔中，(v)減少或抑制齒齦炎，(vi)促進口中瘡或傷口癒合，(vii)減少產生酸的細菌水平，(viii)增加形成非齲齒及/或非齒斑細菌的相對水平，(ix)減少或抑制齲齒形成，(x)減少、修復或抑制砝瑯質之預齲齒損害，如藉由定量光誘致螢光(QLF)或電齲齒測量(ECM)偵測，(xi)治療、緩解或減少口乾，(xii)清潔牙齒及口腔，(xiii)減少腐蝕，(xiv)增白牙齒，及/或(xv)促進包含心血管保健之全身保健，如經由口腔組織減少全身感染之可能性。
1.30藉由組合任一先前組成物提出的成分所獲得或可獲得之組成物。
本發明進一步提供使用鹼性胺基酸(如精胺酸)，以增進氟化物傳送於包括鋅離子來源及氟化物離子來源之口腔護理組成物(如牙粉)。
本發明進一步提供使用發明組成物之方法，以增加琺瑯質的
鋅水平及治療、減少或控制琺瑯質腐蝕的發生率，其包括如藉由刷牙對牙齒塗敷上述組成物(如任一組成物1以及下列等)。在各種具體實施例中，發明提供(i)減少牙齒過敏性，(ii)減少齒斑累積，(iii)減少或抑制牙齒去礦化及促進牙齒再礦化，(iv)抑制微生物生物膜形成於口腔中，(v)減少或抑制齒齦炎，(vi)促進口中瘡或傷口癒合，(vii)減少產生酸的細菌水平，(viii)增加形成非齲齒及/或非齒斑細菌的相對水平，(x)減少、修復或抑制砝瑯質之預齲齒損害，如藉由定量光誘致螢光(QLF)或電齲齒測量(ECM)偵測，(xi)治療、緩解或減少口乾，(xii)清潔牙齒及口腔，(xiii)減少腐蝕，(xiv)增白牙齒，(xv)減少齒石堆積，及/或(xv)促進包含心血管保健之全身保健，如經由口腔組織減少全身感染之可能性；包括塗敷上述任一組成物1以及下列等於所需人士口腔，如藉由每日用任一組成物1以及下列等刷牙一或多次。發明進一步提供組成物1以及下列等用於任一此等方法。
活性劑：發明組成物可包括活躍於保護及增進琺瑯質與牙齒結構的強度與完整性及/或減少細菌與相關牙齒衰變及/或牙齦疾病之各種試劑。本文所用活性成分之有效濃度將取決於使用之特別試劑及傳送系統。欲了解例如牙膏使用時將典型用水稀釋，而口腔潤洗劑典型將不用。因而，牙膏中活性物有效濃度通常將5至15x高於口腔潤洗劑所需。濃度亦將取決於確切選擇的鹽或聚合物。例如，當呈鹽形式提供活性劑時，相對離子將影響鹽重，以致若相對離子更重，將需要更多鹽重以提供最終產品中活性離子之相同濃度。精胺酸(若存在)可呈如約0.1至約20重量%(以游離鹼重量表達)水平存在，如針對消費者牙膏約1至約10重量%，或針對專業或處方治療產品約7至約20重量%。氟化物(若存在)可呈如約25至約25,000ppm水平存在，例如針對消費者牙膏約750至約2,000ppm，或針對專業或處方治療產品約2,000至約25,000ppm。抗菌劑水平將類似地變化，牙膏所用的水平係如約5至約15倍大於口腔潤洗劑所用。例如，三氯沙牙膏可含有約0.3重量%三氯沙。
氟化物離子來源：口腔護理組成物可進一步包含一或多種氟化物離子來源，如可溶性氟化物鹽。可利用廣泛多樣化產生氟化物離子之材料作為本組成物中可溶性氟化物來源。產生氟化物離子之材料的適合實
例係於Briner等人之美國專利案號3,535,421、Parran,Jr.等人之美國專利案號4,885,155及Widder等人之美國專利案號3,678,154中尋得。代表性氟化物離子源包含(但不限於)氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、氟化鉀、單氟磷酸鈉、氟矽酸鈉、氟矽酸銨、氟化胺、氟化銨、及其組合。在某些具體實施例中，氟化物離子源包含氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、單氟磷酸鈉以及其混合物。在某些具體實施例中，本發明口腔護理組成物亦可含有氟化物離子或提供氟的成分之來源，呈充分供應約25ppm至約25,000ppm氟化物離子之用量，一般至少約500ppm、如約500至約2000ppm、如約1000至約1600ppm、如約1450ppm。氟化物之適當水平將取決於特別應用。一般消費者使用之牙膏典型具有約1000至約1500ppm，小兒科牙膏具有些微較少。專業應用之牙粉或塗料具有多達約5,000或甚至約25,000ppm氟化物。氟化物離子來源可呈水平約0.01重量%至約10重量%被添加於本發明組成物；在若干具體實施例中約0.1重量%至約1.2重量%；或在其他具體實施例中約0.3重量%至約1重量%，及在另外具體實施例中約0.5重量%至約0.8重量%組成物。提供適當水平氟化物離子之氟化物鹽重量將根據鹽中相對離子重量而明顯地變化。
胺基酸：在若干具體實施例中，發明組成物包括胺基酸。在特別具體實施例中，胺基酸可為鹼性胺基酸。「鹼性胺基酸」意指天然發生的鹼性胺基酸，例如精胺酸、離胺酸、及組胺酸，以及分子中具有羧基與胺基之任何鹼性胺基酸，其為水溶性及提供水溶液具pH約7或更大。因此，鹼性胺基酸包含(但不限於)精胺酸、離胺酸、瓜胺酸、鳥胺酸、肌酸、組胺酸、二胺基丁酸、二胺基丙酸、其鹽或其組合。在特別具體實施例中，鹼性胺基酸係選自精胺酸、瓜胺酸、及鳥胺酸。在某些具體實施例中，鹼性胺基酸為精胺酸，例如L-精胺酸或其鹽。在其他具體實施例中，胺基酸係四級化，亦即胺基被額外取代以形成四級銨部分，其可與羧基形成內鹽，例如甜菜鹼(N,N,N-三甲基甘胺酸)。
在各種具體實施例中，胺基酸之存在量係約0.5重量%至約20重量%組成物總重、約0.5重量%至約10重量%組成物總重，例如於牙粉情況中約1.5重量%、約3.75重量%、約5重量%、或約7.5重量%組成物總重，或例如於漱口水情況中約0.5至2重量%、如約1%。
研磨劑：發明組成物(如組成物1以及下列等)包含二氧化
矽研磨劑，且可包括額外研磨劑，如磷酸鈣研磨劑如磷酸三鈣(Ca3(PO4)2)、羥磷灰石(Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2)、或磷酸二鈣二水合物(CaHPO4．2H2O，本文有時亦稱為DiCal)或焦磷酸鈣，碳酸鈣研磨劑，或例如偏磷酸鈉、偏磷酸鉀、矽酸鋁、煅鋁氧、膨土或其他矽質材料之研磨劑，或其組合。
本文有用之其他二氧化矽拋光材料以及其他研磨劑一般具有平均粒徑範圍介於約0.1至約30微米、約5至約15微米。二氧化矽研磨劑可來自沉澱二氧化矽或二氧化矽凝膠，例如Pader等人之美國專利案號3,538,230及Digiulio之美國專利案號3,862,307敘述的二氧化矽乾凝膠。特別二氧化矽乾凝膠係由W.R.Grace & Co.,Davison Chemical Division以商品名Syloid®銷售。沉澱二氧化矽材料包含由J.M.Huber Corp.以商品名Zeodent®銷售者，包含帶有命名Zeodentl 15與119之二氧化矽。此等二氧化矽研磨劑係敘述於Wason之美國專利案號4,340,583。在某些具體實施例中，有用於實踐根據發明口腔護理組成物之研磨劑材料包含具有油吸收值少於約100cc/100g二氧化矽及範圍約45cc/100g至約70cc/100g二氧化矽之二氧化矽凝膠及沉澱非晶二氧化矽。使用ASTA Rub-Out Method D281測量油吸收值。在某些具體實施例中，二氧化矽為具有平均粒徑約3微米至約12微米及約5至約10微米之膠態顆粒。特別有用於實踐發明之低油吸收二氧化矽研磨劑係由Davison Chemical Division of W.R.Grace & Co.，巴爾的摩，MD.21203以商品命名Sylodent XWA®銷售。Sylodent 650 XWA®-由具有水含量29重量%、平均約7至約10微米直徑、及油吸收少於約70cc/100g二氧化矽的膠態二氧化矽顆粒所構成之二氧化矽水凝膠-係有用於實踐本發明之低油吸收二氧化矽研磨劑實例。
發泡劑：本發明口腔護理組成物亦可包含增加口腔刷牙時所製造泡沫量之試劑。增加泡沫量的試劑之闡明實例包含(但不限於)聚氧乙烯及包含(但不限於)藻酸酯聚合物之某些聚合物。聚氧乙烯可增加由本發明組成物口腔載體組分產生之泡沫量及泡沫厚度。聚氧乙烯一般亦已知為聚乙二醇(「PEG」)或聚環氧乙烷。適合此發明之聚氧乙烯將具有分子量約200,000至約7,000,000。在具體實施例中分子量將約600,000至約2,000,000，在另外具體實施例中約800,000至約1,000,000。Polyox®係由Union Carbide所製造高分子量聚氧乙烯之商品名。聚氧乙烯之存在量可約1%至約
90重量%，在具體實施例中約5%至約50重量%及在另外具體實施例中約10%至約20重量%本發明口腔護理組成物之口腔護理載體組分。若存在，口腔組成物中發泡劑用量(亦即單一劑量)係約0.01至約0.9重量%、約0.05至約0.5重量%，在另外具體實施例中約0.1至約0.2重量%。
介面活性劑：有用於發明之組成物可含有陰離子介面活性劑，例如：i.高級脂肪酸單甘油酯單硫酸鹽之水溶性鹽，例如氫化椰油脂肪酸之單硫酸化單甘油酯的鈉鹽，例如N-甲基N-椰油醯基牛磺酸鈉、椰油酸單甘油酯硫酸鈉，ii.高級硫酸烷鹽，例如月桂基硫酸鈉，iii.式CH3(CH2)mCH2(OCH2CH2)nOSO3X之高級烷基醚硫酸鹽，其中m為6至16(如10)，n為1至6(如2、3或4)，X為Na或K，例如月桂醇聚醚硫酸鈉(CH3(CH2)10CH2(OCH2CH2)2OSO3Na)，iv.高級烷基芳基磺酸鹽，例如十二基苯磺酸鈉(月桂基苯磺酸鈉)，v.高級烷基磺乙酸鹽例如月桂基磺乙酸鈉(十二基磺乙酸鈉)，1,2-二羥丙烷磺酸鹽、磺月桂酸鹽之高級脂肪酸酯(乙醯磺胺鉀月桂酸N-2-乙酯)，及月桂基肌胺酸鈉。
「高級烷基」意指如C6-30烷基。在特別具體實施例中，陰離子介面活性劑係選自月桂基硫酸鈉及月桂基硫酸鈉醚。陰離子介面活性劑之存在量可為有效如>0.01重量%調配物，但未呈刺激口腔組織之濃度如<10%，理想濃度取決於特別調配物及特別介面活性劑。例如，漱口水所用之濃度典型係近似於十分之一牙膏所用濃度。在具體實施例中，陰離子介面活性劑係呈約0.3%至約4.5重量%、如約1.5%存在於牙膏中。發明組成物可可選擇地含有介面活性劑之混合物，如包括陰離子介面活性劑與其他可呈陰離子、陽離子、兩性離子或非離子之介面活性劑。一般而言，介面活性劑係合理穩定遍佈寬廣pH範圍者。介面活性劑更完全敘述於例如Agricola等人之美國專利案號3,959,458、Haefele之美國專利案號3,937,807、及Gieske等人之美國專利案號4,051,234。在某些具體實施例中，本文有用之陰離子介面活性劑包含於烷基自由基具有約10至約18個碳原子的硫酸烷酯之水溶性鹽及具有約10至約18個碳原子的脂肪酸磺化單甘油酯之水溶性鹽。月桂
基硫酸鈉、月桂醯基肌胺酸鈉及椰子單甘油酯磺酸鈉為此類型陰離子介面活性劑實例。在特別具體實施例中，發明組成物(如組成物1以及下列等)包括月桂基硫酸鈉。
介面活性劑或相容介面活性劑之混合物可存在於本發明組成物呈約0.1%至約5.0%、在另外具體實施例中約0.3%至約3.0%及在另外具體實施例中約0.5%至約2.0重量%總組成物。
齒石控制劑：在本發明各種具體實施例中，組成物包括抗結石(齒石控制)劑。適合抗結石劑包含(無限制)磷酸鹽與聚磷酸鹽(例如焦磷酸鹽)、聚胺基丙烷磺酸(AMPS)、六偏磷酸鹽、檸檬酸鋅三水合物、多肽、聚烯烴磺酸鹽、聚烯烴磷酸鹽、二膦酸鹽。除了磷酸鋅外，發明因而可包括磷酸鹽。在特別具體實施例中，此等鹽為鹼性磷酸鹽，亦即鹼金屬氫氧化物或鹼土金屬氫氧化物之鹽，例如鈉、鉀或鈣鹽。如本文所用「磷酸鹽」含括口腔可接受單-與聚磷酸鹽，例如P1-6磷酸鹽，例如磷酸鹽單體如一元、二元或三元磷酸鹽，磷酸鹽二聚體如焦磷酸鹽，及磷酸鹽單體的集合體如六偏磷酸鈉。在特別實例中，經選擇磷酸鹽係選自鹼性磷酸氫鹽及鹼性焦磷酸鹽，如選自磷酸氫鈉、磷酸氫鉀、磷酸二鈣二水合物、焦磷酸鈣、焦磷酸四鈉、焦磷酸四鉀、三聚磷酸鈉、及任何二或多種此等的混合物。在特別具體實施例中，例如組成物包括焦磷酸四鈉(Na4P2O7)、焦磷酸鈣(Ca2P2O7)、及磷酸氫鈉(Na2HPO4)之混合物，呈用量大約3至4%磷酸氫鈉及大約0.2至1%各個膠磷酸鹽。在另外具體實施例中，組成物包括焦磷酸四鈉(TSPP)及三聚磷酸鈉(STPP)(Na5P3O10)之混合物，如呈比例TSPP約1至2%及STPP約7%至約10%。提供如此磷酸鹽係呈有效減少琺瑯質腐蝕之用量以協助清潔牙齒，及/或呈有效減少齒石堆積於牙齒之用量，例如呈用量2至20%、如大約5至15%組成物重量。
調味劑：本發明口腔護理組成物亦可包含調味劑。用於實踐本發明之調味劑包含(但不限於)精油以及各種調味醛、酯、醇、及相似材料。精油實例包含綠薄荷油、薄荷油、冬青油、黃樟油、丁香油、鼠尾草油、桉油、馬鬱蘭油、桂皮油、檸檬油、萊姆油、葡萄柚油、及橙油。亦有用者係如薄荷腦、香旱芹酮、及茴香腦之化學物。某些具體實施例利用薄荷油及綠薄荷油。調味劑可以濃度約0.1至約5重量%如約0.5至約1.5重
量%併入口腔組成物。
聚合物：本發明口腔護理組成物亦可包含額外聚合物以調整調配物黏度或增進其他成分溶解度。如此額外聚合物包含聚乙二醇、多醣(如纖維素衍生物例如羧甲基纖維素，或多醣膠例如三仙膠或角叉菜膠)。可提供酸性聚合物(例如聚丙烯酸酯凝膠)呈其等游離酸或部分或完全中和的水溶性鹼金屬(如鉀及鈉)或銨鹽形式。
可存在於水性媒質中形成聚合物結構或凝膠之二氧化矽增稠劑。注意此等二氧化矽增稠劑係物理上及功能上不同於組成物中亦存在之微粒二氧化矽研磨劑，因為二氧化矽增稠劑非常精細分割且提供很少或沒有研磨作用。其他增稠劑係羧乙烯基聚合物、角叉菜膠、羥乙基纖維素及纖維素醚之水溶性鹽，例如羧甲基纖維素鈉及羧甲基羥乙基纖維素鈉。亦可合併天然膠，例如刺梧桐膠、阿拉伯膠、及黃蓍膠。亦可使用膠體矽酸鎂鋁作為增稠組成物組分以進一步改良組成物本質。在某些具體實施例中，使用增稠劑呈用量約0.5%至約5.0重量%總組成物。
本發明組成物可包含例如呈用量約0.05%至約5%之陰離子聚合物。如此試劑一般已知用於牙粉，雖然並非針對此特別應用，但本發明有用者係揭示於美國專利案號5,188,821及5,192,531；且包含合成陰離子聚合物聚羧酸酯，例如順丁烯二酐或酸與另外可聚合乙烯屬不飽和單體之1：4至4：1共聚物，較佳為具有分子量(M.W.)約30,000至約1,000,000、最好約300,000至約800,000之甲基乙烯基醚/順丁烯二酐。此等共聚物係可得例如為Gantrez如AN 139(M.W.500,000)、AN 119(M.W.250,000)及較佳可得自ISP Technologies,Inc.,Bound Brook,N.J.08805之S-97醫藥等級(M.W.70,000)。增進劑(若存在)之存在量範圍約0.05至約3重量%。其他操作聚合物包含例如順丁烯二酐與丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羥乙酯、N-乙烯基-2-吡咯酮、或乙烯(後者可得例如為Monsanto EMA No.1103，M.W.10,000及EMA Grade 61)之1：1共聚物，及丙烯酸與甲基丙烯酸甲酯或羥乙酯、丙烯酸甲酯或乙酯、異丁基乙烯基醚或N-乙烯基-2-吡咯酮之1：1共聚物。適合者一般為含有活化碳對碳烯烴雙鍵及至少一個羧基之聚合烯烴屬或乙烯屬不飽和羧酸，亦即含有烯烴雙鍵之酸，該烯烴雙鍵很快於聚合起作用係因為其呈相對羧基為α-β位置或作為部分亞甲基端基存在於單
體分子。該酸之闡明為丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、乙基丙烯酸、α-氯丙烯酸、巴豆酸、β-丙烯氧基丙酸、山梨酸、α-氯山梨酸、桂皮酸、β-苯乙烯基丙烯酸、黏康酸、衣康酸、檸康酸、中康酸、戊烯二酸、烏頭酸、α-苯基丙烯酸、2-苄基丙烯酸、2-環己基丙烯酸、白芷酸、繖形酸、反丁烯二酸、順丁烯二酸及酐。與該羧酸單體可共聚合之其他不同烯烴單體包含乙酸乙烯酯、氯乙烯、順丁烯二酸二甲酯等。共聚物含有充足水溶性用之羧酸鹽基。進一步分類的聚合劑包含含有經取代丙烯醯胺的同元聚合物及/或不飽和磺酸與其鹽的同元聚合物之組成物，特別是其中聚合物係以具有分子量約1,000至約2,000,000選自丙烯醯胺基烷磺酸(例如2-丙烯醯胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸)之不飽和磺酸為主，敘述於Zahid於1989年6月27日之美國專利案號4,842,847。另外有用分類的聚合劑包含含有陰離子表面活性胺基酸比例(例如天冬胺酸、麩胺酸及磷絲胺酸)之聚胺基酸，如揭示於Sikes等人之美國專利案號4,866,161。
水：口腔組成物可包括明顯水平的水。利用於製備商業口腔組成物之水應去離子化且沒有有機雜質。組成物中水量包含添加之游離水加上與其他材料導入之用量。
保濕劑：在口腔組成物之某些具體實施例中，亦想要合併保濕劑以防止組成物於暴露空氣時硬化。某些保濕劑亦可給予牙粉組成物想要的甜味或風味。適合保濕劑飽含食用多元醇，例如甘油、山梨醇、木糖醇、丙二醇以及其他多元醇與此等保濕劑之混合物。在發明具體實施例中，主要保濕劑係可呈大於25%、如25至35%、約30%水平存在之甘油，及5%或更少的其他保濕劑。
其他可選擇之成分：除了上述組分外，本發明具體實施例可含有多樣化若干下述可選擇之牙粉成分。可選擇含有例如(但不限於)黏著劑、皂洗劑、調味劑、甜味劑、額外抗齒斑劑、研磨劑、及著色劑。此等及其他可選擇之組分進一步敘述於Majeti之美國專利案號5,004,597、Agricola等人之美國專利案號3,959,458、及Haefele之美國專利案號3,937,807，所有合併於此為參考。
如處處所用，使用範圍作為敘述在範圍內各個及每個數值之
簡略表達方式。在範圍內任何數值可被選擇作為範圍界限。此外，本文引述之所有參考文獻以其等全體合併於此為參考。萬一本揭示定義與引述參考文獻衝突，則本揭示支配。
除非另予載明，否則應了解本文及說明書別處表示之所有百分率及用量係指重量百分率。給定用量係基於材料之活性重量。
製備包括1%及2%檸檬酸鋅組合5%精胺酸、1450ppm氟化物、及磷酸鹽之試驗牙粉，與無鋅或無精胺酸之對照牙粉一起，在加速老化後測量調配物穩定性(特別是鋅與氟化物之穩定性)如下：
如將注意者，調配物D-無精胺酸之鋅調配物-較具有精胺酸之調配物具有明顯較少可得的氟化物，很可能由於鋅與氟化物離子相互作用，但具1%及2%檸檬酸鋅加精胺酸之調配物具有可得的氟化物水平大約相同於無檸檬酸鋅之調配物，甚至在低或高溫老化後，暗示精胺酸存在增進氟化物與鋅組合之可得性。
使用化學分析用之電子光譜(ESCA，亦已知為x射線光電
子光譜或XPS)測量試驗及對照調配物傳送氟化物與鋅至琺瑯質之能力。ESCA係用於獲得有關固體材料表面的化學資訊之表面分析技術。材料特徵化方法利用x射線束激發固體樣品，造成光電子發射。此等光電子之能量分析提供有關樣品表面之元素及化學鍵結資訊兩者。光電子之相對低動能給予ESCA取樣深度大約30Å。對前述實施例所述製備及處理之拋光與蝕刻琺瑯質受質使用試驗vs對照牙粉之前及之後，將ESCA用於分析琺瑯質之礦物含量，確認鋅傳送至琺瑯質表面，甚至在酸挑戰後鋅仍保持於表面上，以及確認氟化物有效傳送。
用實施例1各種Zn/精胺酸/磷酸鹽抗腐蝕糊膏處理之琺瑯質樣品的ESCA數據係顯示於以下表2，提出偵測的元素及其等個別原子濃度。在各拋光、蝕刻及處理步驟後分析所有樣品。為了簡明，針對拋光及蝕刻表面僅呈現所有樣品之平均組成。所有情況中，對各樣品分析三至四個分開區域。針對處理過的樣品，除了各樣品之平均組成外，呈現個別區域之組成。
在拋光及蝕刻樣品上從表面有機體偵測C及N。從琺瑯質中羥磷灰石(HAP)偵測P，與典型於琺瑯質表面之P/Ca比率。蝕刻表面之平均P/Ca比率些微更低於拋光表面之平均P/Ca比率，指出在蝕刻後發生表面磷酸鹽相對於Ca之減少。對拋光表面偵測由蝕刻移除之低Zn水平。亦對拋光及蝕刻表面兩者偵測氟化物呈低水平。亦發現低Na水平。整體而言，拋光及蝕刻琺瑯質表面之組成係典型於牛的琺瑯質。
在所有處理過的樣品表面上從表面有機體偵測C及N。未用鋅處理的樣品之C水平更高於蝕刻表面之C水平，由於存在殘餘有機體，最可能來自糊膏。相對於蝕刻表面，處理過的樣品亦有更高N水平。針對用含有精胺酸糊膏處理之樣品，若干N可能由於精胺酸於表面上，因而對所有處理過的塊組進行SIMS分析以決定精胺酸沉積。僅針對未用Zn糊膏處理之樣品偵測精胺酸分子離子峰於175amu。此樣品亦展現所有處理過樣品之最高ESCAN水平。因而對此樣品，由ESCA決定之更高N濃度係至少部分由於精胺酸存在於表面上。針對用含精胺酸糊膏處理之其他樣品，未觀察到精胺酸分子離子峰。精胺酸仍可存在於此等樣品上，但呈低於SIMS偵測極限之水平。針對用精胺酸處理過樣品之ESCAN濃度-游離糊膏相似於用精胺酸
糊膏處理過的剩餘樣品。因而在此等琺瑯質表面上增加N亦可由於其他非精胺酸來源。
從琺瑯質中HAP，在樣品表面上亦偵測Ca與P。處理過樣品之P/Ca比率更高於蝕刻表面之P/Ca比率，指出相對於Ca之過量磷酸鹽。針對所有樣品，Na濃度亦明顯更大於蝕刻琺瑯質。在處理過樣品上更高磷酸鹽及Na水平暗示來自糊膏之磷酸Na已沉積於琺瑯質表面上。在處理過琺瑯質上亦偵測呈低量的Si，由於來自糊膏之剩餘二氧化矽。
針對用含鋅糊膏處理之琺瑯質樣品，在表面上觀察到提升的鋅水平。如先前研究，Zn/Ca比率提供最好的方式比較琺瑯質表面上之鋅攝取。針對用含檸檬酸鋅糊膏處理之琺瑯質，所有Zn/Ca比率皆相同。因而數據暗示精胺酸或雙倍濃度的檸檬酸鋅兩者皆對鋅攝取不具有任何可識別效果。
ESCA鋅峰位置可提供琺瑯質表面上鋅化學狀態之資訊。用含鋅糊膏處理的所有樣品之鋅峰位置係相同。此暗示存在於所有樣品之鋅係呈相似化學形式。此外，鋅糊膏處理樣品之鋅峰位置係相同於拋光琺瑯質表面上背景鋅之鋅峰位置。固有存在於琺瑯質之背景鋅係可能呈鋅HAP形式。因而數據暗示在處理過琺瑯質上鋅亦可呈鋅HAP形式。
在所有糊膏處理的琺瑯質樣品表面上偵測呈氟化物形式之F。樣品間相對氟化物攝取亦最好使用F/Ca比率決定。數據指出未用鋅及用1%與2%檸檬酸鋅糊膏處理之琺瑯質具有相似F/Ca比率，暗示相似F攝取。用檸檬酸鋅但未用精胺酸處理之琺瑯質展現些微更低的F/Ca比率，但吾人注意到若干變異。
針對用含有檸檬酸鋅或磷酸鋅之糊膏處理的琺瑯質，ESCA結果指出發生鋅沉積。相較於檸檬酸鋅糊膏，含有磷酸鋅糊膏之鋅沉積更大。數據亦暗示鋅可呈鋅-HAP形式存在於表面上。針對所有糊膏處理過的樣品，亦觀察到提高的氟化物水平。
分析之詳細結果係呈現於表2(下)。
表2
如此數據顯示，包括鋅與精胺酸之調配物傳送氟化物呈接近20%水平更高於包括鋅但無精胺酸之調配物(F/Ca 0.057±0.0016 vs.針對1%檸檬酸鋅0.068±0.0038及針對2%檸檬酸鋅0.067±0.0016)，其符合此等調配物提供更高水平的可得氟化物之先前實施例數據。
含有1%檸檬酸鋅與精胺酸及氟化物一起之實施例1牙粉A相較於對照組顯示優秀效率於酸的挑戰。
使用試管內方法學決定實施例1調配物原型之琺瑯質保護活性。將牛門牙嵌埋於甲基丙烯酸酯為主的樹脂並用600及1200碳化物粗砂紙連續拋光，製備琺瑯質受質(每細胞N=6/8)。當拋光琺瑯質成鏡面成品
時，照顧不要穿透象牙質層。試驗前，使所有琺瑯質受質以5%檸檬酸蝕刻30秒。用耐酸膠帶遮蔽各受質半側以保護表面作為對照表面。根據每日順序T-C-C-C-C-T(T=產品處理，C=酸挑戰)，將用於評估產品之模型交替1分鐘產品處理週期與2分鐘酸暴露週期。以NaOH調整pH=3.8之1%檸檬酸水溶液(未緩衝)執行酸的挑戰。當未歷經處理或挑戰時，將所有琺瑯質受質保持於37℃滅菌人造唾液中。進行此制範總共五日，最後令微硬度分析用於定量保護及暴露表面上由於各琺瑯質受質腐蝕之琺瑯質損失量。計算硬度百分率改變。無處理、使用去離子水取代試驗牙粉，硬度百分率改變非常高，接近80%，用無鋅的牙粉(調配物C)處理僅些微減少，但用實施例1調配物A處理則大幅減少。
Claims (7)
- 一種口腔護理組成物，包括1至3重量%之檸檬酸鋅；700至2,000ppm之氟化物，其係選自氟化鈉、氟化鉀、單氟磷酸鈉、氟矽酸鈉、氟矽酸銨、氟化胺、氟化銨、氟化鈦、六氟硫酸鹽、及其組合之鹽；1至8重量%之精胺酸；2至8重量%之鹼性磷酸鹽，其係選自磷酸氫鈉、磷酸氫鉀、磷酸二鈣二水合物、焦磷酸鈣、焦磷酸四鈉、焦磷酸四鉀、三聚磷酸鈉、及其二或多種之混合物；於二氧化矽研磨劑牙粉基質中。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，進一步包括有效用量之一或多種抗菌劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，進一步包括美白劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其中組成物之pH係鹼性。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其係用於治療或減少牙齒琺瑯質腐蝕。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其係用於增進氟化物之傳送。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物，其進一步包含選自硫酸鋅、矽酸鋅、乳酸鋅、磷酸鋅、氧化鋅及其組合之鋅離子來源。
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| EP2928440A1 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
| CN104822362A (zh) | 2015-08-05 |
| PH12015501186A1 (en) | 2015-08-17 |
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| RU2015126801A (ru) | 2017-01-13 |
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| IN2015DN03990A (zh) | 2015-10-02 |
| CA2890537C (en) | 2020-01-21 |
| MX350566B (es) | 2017-09-11 |
| PH12015501186B1 (en) | 2015-08-17 |
| IL238841B (en) | 2019-12-31 |
| EP3195850A1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
| AU2012396294B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 |
| CA2890537A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
| BR112015012918B1 (pt) | 2018-10-30 |
| BR112015012918A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
| TW201438748A (zh) | 2014-10-16 |
| US20150313813A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
| HK1215159A1 (zh) | 2016-08-19 |
| CN108078798A (zh) | 2018-05-29 |
| US20190038531A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
| EP2928440B2 (en) | 2019-12-18 |
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