TWI575350B - Voltage regulator - Google Patents
Voltage regulator Download PDFInfo
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- TWI575350B TWI575350B TW102122954A TW102122954A TWI575350B TW I575350 B TWI575350 B TW I575350B TW 102122954 A TW102122954 A TW 102122954A TW 102122954 A TW102122954 A TW 102122954A TW I575350 B TWI575350 B TW I575350B
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- transistor
- circuit
- output
- voltage
- control
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
- G05F1/569—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/025—Current limitation using field effect transistors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/565—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor
- G05F1/569—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection
- G05F1/573—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices sensing a condition of the system or its load in addition to means responsive to deviations in the output of the system, e.g. current, voltage, power factor for protection with overcurrent detector
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於電壓調節器,更詳細而言係關於啟動時之衝擊電流的技術。
圖4表示以往具備有防止啟動時之衝擊電流之電路的電壓調節器的電路圖。
以往之電壓調節器具備輸出電晶體M1、ONOFF控制電路11、計數器電路12、屬於基準電壓電路的定電流源Q1和電阻R3、誤差放大電路A1、短路電流限制電路MB、輸出電流限制電路MA、開關13、電晶體M2、M3。
以往之電壓調節器具備電流限制值高之第1輸出電流限制電路MA1和電流限制值低之第2輸出電流限制電路MA2,於啟動時使第2輸出電流限制電路MA2動作,於特定時間後,切換至第1輸出電流限制電路MA1,防止啟動時之衝擊電流(例如,參照專利文獻1)。
[先行技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2003-271251號公報
但是,在如圖4所示之以往之電壓調節器中,需要電流限制值不同之保護電路,和設置限制衝擊電流之期間的計數器電路,有晶片面積增大,且消耗電流也增加之課題。
為了解決上述課題,具備有本實施型態之防止衝擊電流之電路的電壓調節器構成下述般。
為一種電壓調節器,其構成過電流保護電路具備:第一感測電晶體,其係閘極與誤差放大電路之輸出端子連接,汲極被連接於感測電阻;第二感測電晶體,其係閘極與誤差放大電路之輸出端子連接;和控制電晶體,其係閘極與控制電路之輸出端子連接,源極與上述第二感測電晶體之汲極連接,且該控制電晶體之汲極與感測電阻連接,控制電晶體接收控制電路所輸出之檢測訊號至基準電壓超越特定電壓而接通(ON)。
若藉由具備有本實施型態之過電流保護電路的電壓調節器時,因使用簡便之電路,故可以抑制晶片面
積之增加,並且抑制消耗電流之增加。
再者,藉由使用與構成誤差放大電路之差動對的電晶體相同的構成之電晶體,可以抑制製造偏差。
1‧‧‧誤差放大電路
2‧‧‧控制電路
3‧‧‧過電流保護電路
圖1為表示本實施型態之電壓調節器的電路圖。
圖2為表示本實施型態之電壓調節器之一例的電路圖。
圖3為表示本實施型態之電壓調節器之一例的電路圖。
圖4為表示以往之電壓調節器的電路圖。
圖1為表示本實施型態之電壓調整器的電路圖。
本實施型態之電壓調節器具備誤差放大電路1、控制電路2、過電流保護電路3、基準電壓電路4、輸出電晶體5和分壓電阻6。
誤差放大電路1係由以例如電晶體M11、M12、M13、M14和定電流源111所構成之初段的誤差放大電路,和以電晶體M15和定電流源112所構成之第2段放大電路所構成。控制電路2具備被串聯連接於電源端子和接地端子之間的電阻R21及電晶體M21,和反相器22。
誤差放大電路1係基準電壓電路4之輸出端子被連接於反相輸入端子,分壓電阻6之輸出端子被連接於非反相輸入端子。輸出電晶體5係誤差放大電路1之輸出端子被連接於閘極,源極被連接於電源端子,汲極被連接於電壓調節器之輸出端子。控制電路2係基準電壓電路4之輸出端子被連接於電晶體M21之閘極,反相器22之輸出端子被連接於過電流保護電路3之第二輸入端子。反相器22之輸入端子與電阻R21和電晶體M21之連接節點連接。過電流保護電路3係誤差放大電路1之輸出端子被連接於第一輸入端子,輸出端子被連接於輸出電晶體5之閘極。
過電流保護電路3係例如圖2所示般,為具備有感測電晶體M31、感測電阻R31、電晶體M32、電阻R32、電晶體M33之垂下型的過電流保護電路。再者,例如圖3所示般為具備有感測電晶體M31、感測電阻R31、電晶體M32、電阻R32、電晶體M33之折返型的過電流保護電路。圖2之垂下型之過電流保護電路3係在接地端子連接電晶體M32之源極。圖3之折返型之過電流保護電路3係在電壓調節器之輸出端子連接電晶體M32之源極。
過電流保護電路3又具備有在閘極連接誤差放大電路1之輸出端子的第二感測電晶體M34,和在源極連接第二感測電晶體M34之汲極,和在感測電阻R31連接汲極的控制電晶體M35。
以下,參照圖面說明本實施型態之電壓調節器之動作。
誤差放大電路1輸入基準電壓電路4輸出之基準電壓Vref和分壓電阻6輸出之回饋電壓Vfb,放大其差,作為控制電壓從輸出端子輸出。輸出電晶體5係以電壓調節器之輸出電子的電壓成為一定之方式,以誤差放大電路1輸出之控制電壓來控制閘極。過電流保護電路3當監視誤差放大電路1輸出之控制電壓,檢測出過電流流至電壓調節器之輸出端子時,提高輸出電晶體5之閘極電壓,控制成輸出電流變小。
在此,說明電源被輸入至電壓調節器之時的動作。
因於導入電源時,輸出電晶體5呈斷開,故電壓調節器之輸出端子的電壓Vout與接地電壓相等。即是,回饋電壓Vfb與接地電壓相等。然後,當基準電壓Vref超越電晶體M12之臨界值電壓時,誤差放大電路1輸出之控制電壓成為低位準,輸出電晶體5接通。此時,因輸出電晶體5急劇接通,故在電壓調節器之輸出端子產生衝擊電流。
在圖2所示之垂下型之過電流保護電路3中,感測電晶體M31與輸出電晶體5同樣接通,於感測電阻R31流通電流,而在感測電阻R31之兩端產生電壓。因電晶體M32之閘極電壓變高而成為接通,故電晶體M33接通,而將輸出電晶體5之閘極電壓提升至高位準。
如此一來,電壓調節器使輸出端子之過電流減少。
在此,控制電路2之電晶體M21之臨界值電壓被設定成高於誤差放大電路1之電晶體M12。即是,基準電壓Vref超越電晶體M12之臨界值電壓,而超越電晶體M21之臨界值電壓的期間,控制電路2之輸出端子的輸出為低位準。過電流保護電路3之控制電晶體M35因閘極為低位準,故成為接通。即是,第二感測電晶體M34之電流也流至感測電阻R31。因此,因至基準電壓Vref超越電晶體M21之臨界值電壓,電流從兩個感測電晶體M31、M34流至感測電阻R31,故其兩端之電壓較早變高,可以更早縮小輸出端子之過電流。
之後,當基準電壓Vref超越控制電路2之電晶體M21之臨界值電壓時,控制電路2之輸出反相,過電流保護電路3之控制電晶體M35斷開。因此,流至感測電阻R31之電流僅從電晶體M31被供給。
如上說明般,本實施型態之電壓調節器係在衝擊電流產生期間中,因流至感測電阻R31之電流僅第二感測電晶體M34所流動之量增加,故可以小於通常動作時之過電流保護電路之電流限制值的值,到達至電晶體M32之臨界值電壓,限制輸出電晶體5之動作。
即使針對圖3所示之折返型過電流保護電路3,藉由設置與圖2相同之電路,進行相同之動作,能夠在衝擊電流產生期間中限制輸出電晶體5之動作。
並且,在本實施型態之電壓調節器中,雖然
以垂下型過電流保護電路3和控制電路2之組合,和折返型過電流保護電路和控制電路2之組合為例而進行說明,但是即使為垂下型過電流保護電路和折返型過電流保護電路之雙方和控制電路2之組合的構成,亦可以取得相同之效果。
1‧‧‧誤差放大電路
2‧‧‧控制電路
3‧‧‧過電流保護電路
4‧‧‧基準電壓電路
5‧‧‧輸出電晶體
6‧‧‧分壓電阻
22‧‧‧反相器
M11~M15‧‧‧電晶體
I11‧‧‧定電流源
I12‧‧‧定電流源
R21‧‧‧電阻
M21‧‧‧電晶體
Claims (3)
- 一種電壓調節器,其特徵為:具備輸出電晶體,其係對輸出端子輸出因應控制電壓之電流;誤差放大電路,其係比較從基準電壓電路被輸出之基準電壓和對上述輸出端子之輸出電壓進行電阻分壓後的分壓電壓,朝上述輸出電晶體輸出上述控制電壓;過電流保護電路,其係當上述輸出電晶體輸出之輸出電流到達至特定電流限制值時,朝上述輸出電晶體輸出控制訊號;和控制電路,其係對上述過電流保護電路輸出檢測訊號至上述基準電壓超越特定電壓,上述過電流保護電路具備:第一感測電晶體,其係閘極與上述誤差放大電路之輸出端子連接,汲極被連接於感測電阻;第二感測電晶體,其係閘極與上述誤差放大電路之輸出端子連接;和控制電晶體,其係閘極與上述控制電路之輸出端子連接,源極與上述第二感測電晶體之汲極連接,且該控制電晶體之汲極與上述感測電阻連接,上述控制電晶體係接收上述控制電路輸出之上述檢測訊號而接通(ON)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所記載之電壓調節器,其中上述控制電路具備: 電晶體,其係源極被接地,閘極被連接於上述基準電壓電路之輸出端子;電阻元件,其係一端被連接於電源電壓,另一端與上述電晶體之汲極連接;和反相器,其係輸入端子與上述電晶體和上述電阻元件之連接節點連接,輸出端子與上述過電流保護電路之輸入端子連接,上述電晶體之臨界值電壓高於構成上述誤差放大電路之差動對的與上述基準電壓電路之輸出端子連接的電晶體之臨界值電壓。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所記載之電壓調節器,其中上述過電流保護電路為垂下型之過電流保護電路或折返型之過電流保護電路,或者垂下型之過電流保護電路和折返型之過電流保護電路。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012166154A JP6030879B2 (ja) | 2012-07-26 | 2012-07-26 | ボルテージレギュレータ |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| TW201418927A TW201418927A (zh) | 2014-05-16 |
| TWI575350B true TWI575350B (zh) | 2017-03-21 |
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| TW102122954A TWI575350B (zh) | 2012-07-26 | 2013-06-27 | Voltage regulator |
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| US (1) | US9071047B2 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP6030879B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR102047651B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN103576729B (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI575350B (zh) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104679198A (zh) * | 2013-11-30 | 2015-06-03 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 电源电路 |
| JP6321411B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-13 | 2018-05-09 | エイブリック株式会社 | 電圧検出回路 |
| US9927828B2 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2018-03-27 | Stmicroelectronics International N.V. | System and method for a linear voltage regulator |
| JP7141284B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-13 | 2022-09-22 | ローム株式会社 | レギュレータ回路 |
| JP7031983B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-27 | 2022-03-08 | エイブリック株式会社 | ボルテージレギュレータ |
| JP7100477B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-30 | 2022-07-13 | ローム株式会社 | オーディオアンプ、それを用いたオーディオ出力装置および電子機器 |
| CN112099560A (zh) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-18 | 上海华虹宏力半导体制造有限公司 | 线性稳压器 |
| CN112367055B (zh) * | 2020-10-10 | 2024-06-28 | 广州慧智微电子股份有限公司 | 一种过压保护电路、装置及设备 |
| TWI787681B (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-12-21 | 立積電子股份有限公司 | 電壓調節器 |
| WO2023084948A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-19 | ローム株式会社 | 過電流保護回路、電源装置 |
| JP2023179165A (ja) * | 2022-06-07 | 2023-12-19 | ローム株式会社 | 電流検出回路、過電流保護回路、リニア電源 |
| JP2025086501A (ja) * | 2023-11-28 | 2025-06-09 | エイブリック株式会社 | ボルテージレギュレータ及び半導体装置 |
| WO2025253448A1 (ja) * | 2024-06-03 | 2025-12-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電圧生成回路 |
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| TW201235811A (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2012-09-01 | Richtek Technology Corp | Output current detecting device and method of voltage regulator |
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| US7157892B1 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-01-02 | Micrel, Incorporated | Robust ramp controlled enable for voltage regulator |
| JP2008210078A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-11 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 定電圧電源回路とそのテスト方法およびそれを用いた電子機器 |
| JP2009176008A (ja) * | 2008-01-24 | 2009-08-06 | Seiko Instruments Inc | ボルテージレギュレータ |
| JP5099505B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-15 | 2012-12-19 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | ボルテージレギュレータ |
| JP5279544B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-17 | 2013-09-04 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | ボルテージレギュレータ |
| JP5580608B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-23 | 2014-08-27 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | ボルテージレギュレータ |
| TWI427455B (zh) * | 2011-01-04 | 2014-02-21 | Faraday Tech Corp | 電壓調整器 |
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- 2013-07-22 CN CN201310308441.3A patent/CN103576729B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-07-23 KR KR1020130086523A patent/KR102047651B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| TWI244582B (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2005-12-01 | Fujitsu Ltd | Constant voltage power supply circuit |
| JP2005293067A (ja) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Seiko Instruments Inc | ボルテージレギュレータ |
| US7233462B2 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2007-06-19 | Seiko Instruments Inc. | Voltage regulator having overcurrent protection circuit |
| TW201235811A (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2012-09-01 | Richtek Technology Corp | Output current detecting device and method of voltage regulator |
| CN101782785A (zh) * | 2008-12-24 | 2010-07-21 | 精工电子有限公司 | 电压调节器 |
| TW201110520A (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2011-03-16 | Semiconductor Components Ind | Method for providing over current protection and circuit |
| US20110074370A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-03-31 | Takashi Imura | Voltage regulator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6030879B2 (ja) | 2016-11-24 |
| US20140029141A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
| JP2014026457A (ja) | 2014-02-06 |
| US9071047B2 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
| KR102047651B1 (ko) | 2019-11-22 |
| KR20140013964A (ko) | 2014-02-05 |
| TW201418927A (zh) | 2014-05-16 |
| CN103576729B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
| CN103576729A (zh) | 2014-02-12 |
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