TWI572358B - α-烯醇化酶特異性抗體及其使用在免疫疾病之方法 - Google Patents
α-烯醇化酶特異性抗體及其使用在免疫疾病之方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係關於一種涉及藉由抗α-烯醇化酶特異性抗體治療多發性硬化症,或風濕性關節炎或克隆氏症(Crohn's disease),或潰瘍性結腸炎,或全身性紅斑狼瘡,或相關的免疫疾病包括慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD),氣喘,過敏症,牛皮癬,第1型糖尿病及骨質疏鬆症。
多發性硬化症(MS)為中樞神經系統的慢性發炎疾病,在多發性硬化症的患者中,神經纖維的髓鞘被破壞,神經纖維通過自體抗體使得髓鞘脫失。多發性硬化症症狀相對地為非特異性,例如,復發與疲勞、麻木及步態的緩慢,及協調問題,腸/膀胱功能障礙,認知功能障礙及疼痛。目前為止,病因及病理生理所知有限,可能經由遺傳背景,維生素D缺乏及地理環境造成。MS盛行率隨地理位置不同而有所差異,西歐及北美在全球擁有最高的盛行率,美國每10萬人中即有100位MS患者,英國則是每10萬人中即有118位。在亞洲日本及台灣的盛行率則分別為每10萬人8.57位及1.9位(Amino,等人,New York:McGraw Hill Medical.,848-911,2009;Tsai,等人,Chinese Med.Assoc.,67:500-505,2004)。遺傳背景亦參與MS發病機制,如果一個家庭成員患有MS,其親屬中患有MS的風險與患有MS病患之間的遺傳相似性成正比。環境因素中,維生素D及Eptein-Barr病毒感染證實與MS具有關連。最近,在台灣有文獻提出提出皰疹病毒第V型
及第VI型與MS有關。早期對MS病理學的理解,係認為髓鞘特異性CD4+T淋巴細胞從血液轉移到腦及脊髓,結合抗原呈現細胞(包括腦部微膠質細胞)所呈現的抗原性胜肽,導致CD4+T淋巴細胞的增殖,然後攻擊寡樹突細胞,造成神經細胞髓鞘受損。最近假說認為,髓鞘CD+4 T細胞只參與MS早期階段作用,由中樞神經系統中受損的細胞產生MCP-1激素所誘導血液循環的單核細胞,負責疾病進展的中後期階段的病理。文獻指出MCP-1趨化因子受體CCR2缺陷的小鼠,可抵抗實驗性自體免疫性腦脊髓炎(EAE),若將經由EAE誘導的CCRC2+小鼠的單核細胞對CCRC2剔除小鼠進行細胞移植,接受移殖CCRC2剔除小鼠的臨床指數與來自供應體EAE小鼠輸入單核細胞的量成正比,這一結果表示,該單核細胞對於EAE疾病進展非常重要。
至目前為止,對於多發性硬化症尚無令人滿意的治療方式,目前美國FDA批准8種治療MS患者的藥物,其中Rebif、Avonex、Betaferon及Extavia係屬於免疫調節劑,但為不同類型的β-干擾素。Copaxon為一種髓鞘的類似物,功能在於作為Th1 CD4+抗原的誘餌受體,Gilenya結構上近似於神經鞘氨醇,為1-磷酸-神經鞘氨醇(S1P-1)受體調節劑,Gilenya作為淋巴細胞S1P的功能性拮抗劑,並且Gilenya該免疫調節作用可能是抑制抗原特異性T細胞流出淋巴結。Tysabri為一種抗胞外基質受體整合素(α 4 β 1)的單株抗體,其對於白血球的遷移相當重要。Laquinimod為NF κ B介導發炎途徑的抑制劑;該有效細胞包括T細胞,B細胞及樹突細胞。Tecfidera(富馬酸二甲酯BG12)為一Nrf2轉錄途徑抑制劑,可防止免疫細胞分泌細胞激素及上皮細胞表達CD 62E。Mitoxantrone係anthracenedion的一種類似物,對於已活化的免疫細胞具有毒性,即使其中一些藥劑相當有效,該些藥物僅降低該疾病急性階段的強度及頻率。並且此等藥物會伴隨一些副作用產生,比如相關β-干擾素的藥物引發感染,而
Tysabri則會造成進行性多灶性腦白質病變(Progress Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy)。
風濕性關節炎(RA)為一種慢性發炎性疾病,影響患者的關節。風濕性關節炎症狀包括疼痛,腫脹,僵硬及關節的變形,患者經常感到發燒及無力。致病機轉尚未被充分理解,這種疾病開始從自身抗體攻擊患者的結締組織,隨後滲入白血球細胞包括單核細胞,巨噬細胞及嗜中性白血球。然後,淋巴細胞侵蝕及侵入關節骨頭及軟組織。傳統治療RA的藥物被稱為抗風濕藥,包括,例如,methotrexate及lefunomide。有時會使用類固醇,近來可投予更有效的生物製劑,如RemicadeTM及HumiraTM,它們是為抗TNF-α抗體,或Enbrel,為TNF-α的誘餌受體,或AnakinraTM,為IL-1受體拮抗劑。該些藥物有效,但可觀察到的副作用例如感染及發燒。儘管如此,仍無法令人滿意地治療該疾病及避免關節損傷,這甚至會導致關節固定不動。
在此兩種疾病的文獻中,數據支持發炎單核細胞及巨噬細胞皆參與兩種免疫疾病的進展。
α-烯醇化酶(烯醇化酶-1或ENO1)係一多功能蛋白質,首次發現於作為糖解途徑的關鍵酶。在正常情況下,ENO1是在細胞質中表達。然而,在最近的文獻中數據顯示ENO1可表達在許多癌細胞及活化的造血細胞,如嗜中性白血球,淋巴細胞及單核細胞的細胞表面,作為一種血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體,而血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體蛋白之增量調節可誘導UPAS(urokinase plasmongen activation signal,尿激酶血纖維蛋白溶酶原活化訊息)的訊號傳導路徑反應,降解細胞外基質,結果導致了癌細胞轉移及免疫細胞滲入的增加。刺激發炎反應,例如當免疫系用脂多醣處理後,ENO1蛋白會通過後轉譯修飾機制及移位至細胞表面。目前認為由MAP激酶訊號傳導路徑以調節ENO1的移位,這意指ENO1在細胞表面上表現量的增加在發炎性疾病中扮演重要角色。在臨床上抗
ENO1自體抗體可發現在許多自體免疫及發炎性疾病患者血液中,包括紅斑性狼瘡,全身性硬化症,貝賽特氏症(Behcet disease),潰瘍性及克隆氏症(Crohn’s disease)患者。Saulot等人(Arthritis Aheum.,46:1196-1201,2002)及Wkui等人(Clin.Exp.Immunol.,118:445-450,1999)之研究表示,25-66%RA患者血清中可偵測到抗ENO1自體抗體。Bae(J.Immunology,189:365-372,2013)的研究揭示,當RA患者之週邊血液單核細胞以抗ENO1抗體處理而刺激ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性時,來自週邊血液單核細胞的單核細胞及巨噬細胞會經由p38 MAPK及NF-κ B訊號傳導途徑,產生較高量的利發炎反應介質,如TNF α,IL1-α/β,IFN-γ及PGE2。這項研究表明,ENO1,藉由其血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性可增加侵入單核細胞及巨噬細胞的活性,在RA患者疾病進展中具有關鍵性作用。
總而言之,單核細胞以表現量增多的ENO1其細胞表面上作為血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體,用以增加入侵活性,對於MS,RA及其他相關疾病的進展相當重要。因此,靶向單核細胞表面上的ENO1具有良好開發潛力用以治療發炎性疾病,如MS,RA,克隆氏症,潰瘍性結腸炎,全身性紅斑狼瘡,或相關的免疫疾病,如慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD),哮喘,過敏症,牛皮癬,第1型糖尿病,動脈粥樣硬化及骨質疏鬆症。
本發明的目的在於提供一種對於多發性硬化症,風濕性關節炎,克隆氏症,潰瘍性結腸炎,全身性紅斑狼瘡,或相關的免疫疾病,如慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD),哮喘,過敏症,牛皮癬,第1型糖尿病,動脈粥樣硬化及骨質疏鬆症之新的治療方式。
此目的實現分別可經由一含有能特異性地結合ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體的抗體,用以治療多發性硬化症,
風濕性關節炎,克隆氏症,潰瘍性結腸炎,全身性紅斑狼瘡,或相關的免疫疾病的患者;及使用所述抗體用於製造藥物用於治療多發性硬化症,風濕性關節炎,克隆氏症,潰瘍性結腸炎,全身性紅斑狼瘡,或相關免疫疾病患者來達成。
如上所述,Bae等人之研究(J.Immunology,189:365-372,2013)表示,當RA患者的PBMC細胞與抗ENO1抗體反應,ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性受到刺激,PBMC細胞的單核細胞及巨噬細胞通過p38 MAPK及NF-κ B訊號傳導途徑會產生較高量的利發炎介質,如TNF α,IL1-α/β,IFN-γ及PGE2。與此觀察相反,本發明的發明人意外地發現,投予抗ENO1抗體在臨床上可改善風濕性關節炎。亦即,藉由和Bae等人研究中所選擇活化性抗體的抗原決定基不同之抗體,投予抗ENO1活性抗體藥物,在臨床上可改善發炎疾病或免疫疾病(如風濕性關節炎)。同樣地,發現可實現在臨床上改善多發性硬化症。
此外,令人驚訝地,治療方式不僅在該疾病在動物模式的起始過程中,同樣在當該疾病明確的臨床症狀已經存在時一樣可行的。這允許一種相對較晚期的治療性干預可在人類臨床上實施。
該人類ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體為本領域技術人員所習知(參照,美國國家衛生研究院網站,GenBank:AAH50642.1)。該受體是一種血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體以兩種不同的剪接變異體存在於人類中,ENO1及Myc結合蛋白。ENO1亦稱為人類ENO1,α-烯醇化酶,或ENO1基因。
來自其他幾個物種之相對應的ENO1同源基因亦為已知,並且可以容易地由本領域具有通常知識的技術人士偵測,例如,藉由搜索人類ENO1序列的起始來確定。按照本發明的具體實施例中,“ENO1”係指人類及動物(例如寵物及家畜)ENO1蛋白。
根據本發明,術語“抗體”在廣義上應可被理解,
其他包括多株抗體,單株抗體及經由重組產生的抗體,包括雙特異性抗體以及其片段,例如Fv,Fab及F(ab)2片段,其中所述Fv可以為單股(單鏈)。較佳地,該抗體係IgG同型其中之一,較佳地,受試者的免疫系統對該抗體無排斥反應,或只有較低的程度。其實可藉由轉換抗體(例如,Fc區)中用於辨識抗原(例如,ENO1蛋白,係一種血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體)外不必要的區域,轉換成序列來自該受試者物種抗體的序列。例如,所謂的人源化抗體係為本領域具有通常知識者習知,並且特別適合應用於人類。那些其他經由修飾的抗體,例如雙特異性抗體(參見,例如,Kontermann,R.E.(editor)(2011),Bispecific antibodies,Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York)、二聚體,及所謂的結合劑或適體其例如,可以通過胜肽主鏈或核酸主鏈製成,例如aRNA,同樣涵蓋於本發明的內文術語“抗體”。較佳地,在本發明內文中的抗體其分子量小於600kDa,更佳地,小於300kDa,可更佳地,小於200kDa及最佳地約150kDa。
用於生產合適多株、單株及重組抗體的方法,包括生產結合劑及核酸適體,為本領域具有通常知識者所習知的技術(參照,例如,Jorg Knablein(editor),Modern Biopharmaceuticals,vol.2,p.635);亦參見以下所描述的實施例,例如,免疫可以通過注射ENO1蛋白進行,鑑定合適的抗體亦可以通過以相對應的分子(抗原)篩選融合瘤上清液。經鑑識後,該抗體可以通過已知本領域具有通常知識者習知的方法來製備得。
根據本發明具體實施方式,該抗ENO1抗體,EN10單株抗體(mAb)可結合至血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體ENO1。較佳地,該抗體的解離常數為10-7M或更低,更佳地為10-8M或更低的常數,甚至更加地為10-9M或更低,最佳的為10-10M或更低。較佳地,該結合具有特異性,在本發明說明書內文中的特異性結合係指在生理條件(即,例如,在
生理鹽溶液中,在細胞培養或活體內,較佳地相應受試者的血液或組織)下,結合ENO1的抗體具至少多10倍的親和力,較佳地為20倍更好的親和力,甚至更佳地的親和力為50倍,最佳地為100倍更好的親和力,而相對於其他蛋白質,特別是,相對於類似的蛋白質(例如,相較於Annexin 2,組蛋白2B,CK8,或其它血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體)。然而,只要不干擾抗體的治療效果,結合到其它蛋白是可以容忍的,然而,與其他物種同源ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體的交叉反應性是有可能的,甚至可能是有利的,以允許抗體應用於不同物種。這種交叉反應性的情況並不少見,並且為本領域具有通常知識者知道如何確定其交叉反應性。關於該問題進一步細節亦詳述於實施例中。
較佳地,根據本發明實施例所使用的抗體,可以抑制該ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性。抗體是否抑制ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性可以很容易地確定,例如,此類抗體藉由LPS誘導細胞表達ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體與ENO1反應,而導致可以減少血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性,如U937細胞。相應測定分析於以下實施例說明。
此外,抑制ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性可以通過,抑制細胞如U937中LPS及MCP-1所誘導侵入的活性,相應測定分析於以下實施例中描述。
適合或相似於起始點以修飾的抗體的實施例包括單株抗體EN10 mAb。單株抗體EN10 mAb的生產,及其特徵在下面的實施例進行說明。
根據本發明實施例的藥物可包含有EN10 mAb,此外,該藥物可以包含任何類型的佐劑,其中本領域具有通常知識者認為可以接受的佐劑,這樣的佐劑可以例如是載體物質,如澱粉,乳糖,脂肪,硬脂酸,乙醇,生理鹽水溶液或其它添加劑。特別是,穩定抗體及維護其活性為理想的佐劑,根據本發明實施例的藥物亦可包含具有其它治療分子共
軛的抗體。
藥物給藥可以任何習知的方法將含有EN10單株抗體的藥物遞送至標的細胞,特別是單核細胞,在體外或體內。例如,該藥物可通過注射,例如,靜脈(IV),皮下(SC)或腹膜(IP)注射,以溶液、懸浮液或注入液的形式。然而,其他給藥形式,如微膠囊化形式或以移植形式皆為可行的。較佳地,藥物給藥的進行,使得該抗體可進入循環或各個標的區域。同樣可以直接給藥至標的區域,例如,對於多發性硬化症直接進入中樞神經系統(例如,腦脊髓液),用於風濕性關節炎則直接進入該受影響的關節,用於發炎性腸疾病則直接進入腸道,對於SLE直接在腎臟,或其他發炎性疾病中直接進入相對應的器官。
多發性硬化症及風濕性關節炎為本領域具有通常知識者習知,其治療亦為本領域具有通常知識者已熟知。在本發明內文中,治療涉及任何種類干預所產生的臨床改善的疾病或病症,例如多發性硬化症,風濕性關節炎,克隆氏症,潰瘍性結腸炎,或全身性紅斑狼瘡或在免疫疾病。臨床上的改善,例如在多發性硬化症,也可以通過測量在神經功能缺損的減少(例如,麻痺)來確定。在風濕性關節炎中,確認臨床症狀的改善,例如,可通過在症狀上如腫脹,發炎或疼痛的減少,較佳地,改善為臨床症狀緩減,例如,對應於EAE計值的改善,根據本實施例,至少0.25個單位,較佳地為0.5個單位,甚至更佳地為至少0.75單位,至少1.0單位,或最佳地為至少1.3個單位。較佳地,改進為臨床症狀的緩減,例如,對應於關節炎計值的改善,根據本實施例,至少0.25個單位,更佳地至少0.5單位,甚至更佳地至少1.0單位,至少2.0單位,最佳地至少3.0個單位。
許多參數對於評估人類臨床上的改善已為人熟知,例如在臨床上評估多發性硬化症(Avnir,Y.等人,PLoS ONE,6:1-13,2011)。另外,尤其治療可以關注難以治療多發
性硬化症及/或風濕性關節炎,其中,迄今已知的藥物不能達成該疾病臨床上的改善。在相當數量的受試者在疾病的過程中,目前已知的藥物無法改善臨床上症狀。此外,以往現有治療方法,治療可能涉及與相應疾病的受試者,其中不期望的副作用發生。治療還可能涉及個別疾病的晚期。
按照本發明實施例的受試者可以是一脊椎動物,較佳地為一哺乳動物。哺乳動物可以是,例如,是一種囓齒類動物(如小鼠,大鼠或兔子),豬,狗,貓或靈長類動物。較佳地,所述哺乳動物為靈長類動物(例如猴或普通狨猴或人),較佳地,該受試者特別為人。
一般該藥物的投予會確定其有效劑量,術語“一有效劑量”及確定有效劑量為本領域具有通常知識者所熟知。此外,本領域具有通常知識者可參考本文所確定的有效劑量提供的資訊。當一劑量理解為是有效時,臨床上將改善所治療的疾病。特別是,在本發明內文中,該藥物劑量緩解受試者患有多發性硬化症,風濕性關節炎,克隆氏症,潰瘍性結腸炎,全身性紅斑狼瘡,或免疫疾病,被理解為有效劑量。有效劑量為,例如,其選擇為至少20%的劑量,較佳地為至少30%,甚至更佳地至少40%,最佳地為至少50%其抑制週圍血液中該表現ENO1的單核細胞的侵入活性。
較佳地,一藥物有效劑量的選擇為提供了滿足治療多發性硬化症,風濕性關節炎,克隆氏症,潰瘍性結腸炎,全身性紅斑狼瘡或免疫疾病的最低劑量。一種特別合適的有效劑量可藉由在測試系列中持續增加劑量,直到所需藥效與副作用至一定比率。在本發明中,例如,治療該疾病的情況下,劑量進一步增加不再進一步改善臨床症狀(視病例而定,甚至加重)及/或當相對於治療效果其不預期的副作用是無法接受的。
此外,本發明涉及一含有能夠在多發性硬化症、風濕性關節炎、克隆氏症、潰瘍性結腸炎及全身性紅斑狼瘡
疾病中,抑制其單核細胞侵入活性的抗體藥物及所述抗體用於製造一藥物治療其受試者為多發性硬化症、風濕性關節炎、克隆氏症、潰瘍性結腸炎、全身性紅斑狼瘡或免疫疾病。
根據本發明如上所述的任何實施態樣,本發明一用於治療發炎性疾病或免疫疾病的方法可以包括給藥,除了抗ENO1抗體或Fv、Fab,或F(ab)2其片段,另一藥劑還可預防或治療的發炎性疾病或免疫性疾病。此類附加劑,例如,可以為富馬酸二甲酯,它可與抗ENO1抗體產生協同效應,如該圖8A至8D所示。在一些實施態樣中,此類附加劑可以為免疫調節劑。一免疫調節劑係可以調節一免疫反應的任何試劑,此類免疫調節劑為本領域已知的,如GilenyaTM或LaquinimodTM或TecfideraTM(富馬酸二甲酯)。
所有敘述該發明及定義的較佳的實施例及其變化,顯然亦涉及所有上述藥物及對應方式的用途。
本發明內文中發現,投予抗體其能夠抑制血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體ENO1,可影響表現ENO1的單核細胞其侵入活性。
本發明人假設優先治療多發性硬化症,風濕性關節炎,克隆氏病,潰瘍性結腸炎,全身性紅斑狼瘡或免疫疾病為藉由降低表現ENO1的發炎單核細胞其血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性。
本發明內文中,抑制ENO1表現發炎單核細胞的血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性理解為導致在相應單核細胞其侵入活性的降低。
抑制血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性的機制可以藉由抗體設計來影響。較佳地,抑制效果係通過降低UPAS(尿激酶血纖維蛋白溶酶原活化訊息)活性的機制,抑制UPAS活性例如可以藉由ENO1蛋白介導。ENO1抗體使得阻礙單核細胞遷移至發炎組織中是有可能的。
藉由本發明一抗體幫助抑制侵入活性可以在各
種物種達成。例如,小鼠及人類單核細胞族群係有相似性,在小鼠,已被證實血液中單核細胞可分為發炎性(CD11b+ CCR2+ GR1+ CD62L+ CX3CRllow)及非發炎性(CD11b+ CCR2- GR1- CD62L- CX3CRlhigh)單核細胞。在人類,了解該兩種單核細胞族群的時間較久,主要是通過下述表面標誌物CD14及CD16的表現量來確定。
另一實施態樣,本發明涉及一用於抑制單核細胞侵入的方法包括:以可特異性地結合至血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體ENO1的抗體接觸該單核細胞。較佳地,所述接觸係在體內或體外實施。本發明內文中術語“體外”理解最廣泛的可能形式。它涉及所發生生物體的外面,如細胞培養,組織培養或器官培養方法中的任何事件。術語“體外”特別地亦包括,涉及受試者體外血液治療的方法。
本發明進一步涉及一用於受試者多發性硬化症,風濕性關節炎,克隆氏症,潰瘍性結腸炎,或全身性紅斑狼瘡或免疫疾病的治療方法。該方法包括投予可特異性結合於血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體ENO1的抗體的步驟。
本發明進一步涉及一用於抑制受試者特定的單核細胞其侵入活性的的方法,該方法包括投予可特異性結合於血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體ENO1的抗體的步驟。
所有本發明與定義較佳的實施方式及變化,及上述相對應的方法已顯然呈現。
圖1為顯示純化自個別融合瘤腹水的EN10單株抗體結合至其抗原ENO1,其酵素免疫吸附分析的結果。經由硫酸銨純化,protein A管柱純化及SDS-PAGE分析如實施例1所述,該些數據顯示該EN10單株抗體的Kd值。
圖2A、2B及2C顯示,當正常人類PBMC細胞以脂多醣(LPS)處理時,CD11b+細胞表面上ENO1表現量的結果。以LPS誘導正常人類PBMC中ENO1表現量如實施例2所述,
圖2A顯示以LPS誘導細胞表面上ENO1的表達如以FACS掃描時,結果顯示螢光細胞族群往右位移的增加。圖2B及圖2C的數據顯示發炎PBMC中高表現ENO1出現在CD11bhigh(圖2B)及Mac3high的細胞族群(圖2C)。
圖3顯示從融合瘤腹水純化的EN10單株抗體(抗ENO1抗體)對於以LPS誘導U937細胞株纖維蛋白酵素活性抑制的結果。通過LPS誘導人類U937單核細胞株其ENO1的表達及血纖維蛋白溶酶活性測定如實施例3所述,該些數據表示EN10單株抗體能抑制單核細胞上ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體的活性。
圖4顯示以LPS誘導細胞表面ENO1表達,用不同濃度的EN10 mAb處理人類U937單核細胞株後其侵入活性的結果,詳細程序執行如實施例4所述,該些數據表示,EN10單株抗體抑制U937細胞的侵入活性為劑量相關性。
圖5顯示為以LPS處理人類U937單核細胞後,EN10單株抗體可辨識細胞表面上的ENO1表現,詳細程序執行如實施例5所述。
圖6A及6B顯示在小鼠非感染性發炎模式藉由給與EN10單株抗體至小鼠體內抑制白血球滲入的結果,詳細程序執行如實施例6所述。圖6A顯示EN10單株抗體對總腹膜細胞計數的影響,而圖6B顯示給與EN10單株抗體後對嗜中性白細胞百分比沒有影響。
圖7顯示在多發性硬化症的動物預防疾病模式中,EN10單株抗體改善實驗性自體免疫腦脊髓炎的過程(EAE),詳細程序執行如實施例7所述。
圖8A顯示在動物治療模式,給與EN10單株抗體可改善EAE小鼠多發性硬化症症狀。詳細程序執行如實施例8所述。
圖8B顯示在動物治療模式中,給與EN10單株抗體降低EAE小鼠中中樞神經(CNS)組織病理學分數,詳細程序執行如實施例8所述。
圖8C顯示在動物治療模式中,給與EN10單株抗體改善EAE小鼠中CNS脫髓鞘分數,詳細程序執行如實施例8所述。
圖8D顯示在動物治療模式中,給與EN10單株抗體緩和EAE小鼠中CNS發炎細胞入侵之作用,詳程序執行如實施例8所述。
圖9A顯示在膠原蛋白抗體誘導關節炎的囓齒動物模式中,給與EN10單株抗體緩和該關節炎的症狀,詳細程序執行如實施例9所述。
圖9B顯示在膠原蛋白抗體誘導關節炎的囓齒動物模式中,以EN10單株抗體處理小鼠其滑液膜中蛋白分解酵素MMP9表現量下降,詳細程序執行如實施例9所述。
圖9C顯示在膠原蛋白抗體誘導關節炎的囓齒動物模式中,以EN10單株抗體處理小鼠其滑液膜中細胞激素IL1-b表現量下降,詳細程序執行如實施例9所述。
本發明的實施態樣涉及用於各種ENO1相關疾病或失調的治療方法,ENO1相關疾病或失調可包括發炎性疾病或免疫疾病,發炎性疾病的例子包括多發性硬化症、風濕性關節炎、克隆氏症、潰瘍性結腸炎及全身性紅斑狼瘡。免疫失調的例子包括慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD),哮喘,過敏症,牛皮癬,第1型糖尿病,動脈粥樣硬化及骨質疏鬆症。該方法使用可結合至ENO1,以抑制其作為血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體功能的拮抗劑。通過該抑制作用,血纖維蛋白溶酶原的活性被抑制,因此,避免或減少了涉及血纖維蛋白溶酶原的下游反應。拮抗ENO1的拮抗劑可以為抗體,其可以為多株抗體,單株抗體,或其它修飾的抗體,可以結合ENO1及抑制ENO1其血纖維蛋白溶酶原功能的活化。
本發明的實施將與下述的具體實施例進一步說明。本領域具有通常知識者將理解,該些實施例僅用於說明而非企圖限制,因為變化及修飾皆為可能的,而不脫離本發
明的精神或範圍。
為評估所述之抗人類EN10單株抗體與ENO1的結合親和力,將融合瘤培養在含有10%胎牛血清(FCS)的RPMI中,經培養一星期後,收集1x106細胞,以PBS洗滌,重新懸浮於200ul之RPMI培養基中,並通過腹腔注射,於嚴重合併性免疫缺陷(SCID)小鼠。三星期後,收集小鼠的腹水並稀釋至15ml。抗體進一步由40%硫酸銨及Protein A管柱(Montage antibody purification kit Millipore)純化。純化過的抗體按照製造商(Millpore)提供的流程,以一Amicon Ultra-15離心過濾裝置濃縮,抗體純度以12%SDS-PAGE進行分析。
將400ng人類ENO1蛋白塗佈在96孔ELISA盤上,並且進一步以PBS洗滌。將EN10抗體濃度從1x10-12至1x10-8M連續稀釋的添加至96孔盤,並且在37℃下培養1小時,之後加入一經次黃嘌呤鳥糞嘌呤核糖磷化轉移酵素(HPRT)共軛的山羊抗小鼠IgG。1小時後,加入3,3′,5,5′-四甲基聯苯胺(TMB)並讀取OD450值。每一研究皆重複三次,數據以平均值±標準差呈現,OD讀數及抗體濃度經由Sigmaplot製成多重散佈圖。親和常數Kd值分別通過四參數邏輯擬合預測。
該實驗結果顯示於圖1,每一隻小鼠具有能力生產20.4mg至4.6mg的EN10單株抗體,EN10單株抗體的Kd值為2.03±0.12x10-10M(N=3),此一結果顯示,該EN10單株抗體可辨識該人類ENO1蛋白,並且具Kd值約為2.03±0.12x10-10M(N=3)的親和力。
已知在體內及體外,在發炎的小鼠單核細胞中ENO1蛋白的表現量有上昇之趨勢(Wygrecka等人,Blood.113:5588-5598,2009)。為了評估在發炎狀態下,人類
PBMCENO1的表現量,從台灣生物技術開發中心人體試驗委員會通過許可下的招募正常受試者中收集新鮮血液樣本,利用Ficoll-Hypaque密度梯度離心純化PBMC,其Ficoll-Hypaque(Pharmacia,France)密度為約1.077g/ml。將收穫的細胞以約1×106細胞/毫升的細胞密度培養在含有10%胎牛血清的RPMI。細胞存活率用錐蟲藍染色進行檢查,以確認淋巴細胞占整體90%以上。PBMC進一步用10μg/ml LPS處理6小時,之後PBS洗滌細胞兩次,並以流式細胞儀分析。完整的細胞用或不用EN10單株抗體(1:300倍稀釋)處理,並且用大鼠抗人類CD11b或Mac3抗體進行染色。染色過的細胞可經由FITC-共軛山羊抗小鼠IgG結合EN10單株抗體及PE-共軛抗大鼠IgG結合CD11b或Mac3抗體(Becton Dickinson)以肉眼觀察。然後樣本將以FACScan流式細胞儀(Becton Dickinson)分析,以所產生的螢光強度測定ENO1及CD11b+的表現量。
該些實驗結果顯示於圖2A,相較於未經LPS及經EN10單株抗體處理的細胞,用LPS及EN10單株抗體處理正常PBMC細胞的FACSscan曲線往右側飄移。此觀察結果顯示,細胞在發炎狀態(例如,用LPS刺激)時,正常PBMC表達ENO1在其細胞表面。此外,高ENO1表現量高的細胞族群可被識別,如圖2B及2C所示,相較於無LPS處理過的細胞,Mac3+及CD11b+細胞族群同樣增加。高度表現ENO1的細胞族群與CD11bhigh及Mac3high細胞共同關聯(圖2B及圖2C)。這些結果顯示,在活化單核細胞及巨噬細胞表面上的ENO1蛋白表現量為上調。
Wygrecka的研究指出,ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性對於單核細胞遷移至發炎部位非常重要,為了評估該EN10單株抗體抑制人類單核細胞其ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性的能力,將人類單核細胞U937細胞株培養在含有
10%FCS的RPMI中,並將細胞用10μg/ml LPS處理6小時以誘導細胞表面上ENO1蛋白表達。在含1.5x106細胞/毫升的PBS溶液隨後以1μg/ml人類離胺酸-血纖維蛋白溶酶原及10μg/ml EN10單株抗體分別預前反應一小時,樣品以PBS洗滌兩次,並加入3nM組織特異性的血纖維蛋白溶酶原活化劑及0.5mM顯色受質S-2251進行反應,在37℃反應一小時後,讀取其OD405值。每一研究重複三次,並且分析其拮抗活性。數據以平均值±標準差呈現。T-檢定用於比較各組差異,P值<0.05為統計學上具有顯著差異。
此實驗結果顯示於圖3,EN10單株抗體具有高度ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體拮抗劑的活性,並且可達到100%抑制LPS所誘導特異性ENO1的活性。因此,EN10單株抗體具有抑制單核細胞遷移至標的器官的潛力。
由上述實施例3的結果所示,以LPS刺激人類單核細胞中,EN10單株抗體能抑制ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體的活性,導致血纖維蛋白溶酶原的活化及遷移活性同樣受到抑制。此結果亦由其他文獻報告所支持,在小鼠非感染性發炎模式中,若該小鼠其血纖維蛋白溶酶原基因遭剔除時,其單核細胞喪失遷移能力無法轉移到發炎處,而導致該鼠發炎狀況減緩(Ploplis等人,Blood,91:2005-2009,1998)。
因此,為了評估降低ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性,是否可緩和活化單核細胞其侵入活性,遂將人類單核細胞U937細胞株培養在含有10%FCS的RPMI中,將細胞以10μg/ml LPS處理6小時,以誘導細胞表面上ENO1蛋白表達,在二腔室分析系統中,與5至50μg/ml EN10單株抗體混合均勻後,2x104細胞種在含有10%FBS,15μM離胺酸-血纖維蛋白溶酶原的培養基於頂部腔室,另外下部腔室加入10nM MCP-1的培養基中,室培養24小時。一抗小鼠IgG作為陰性對照組,兩腔室由塗有基質膠的微孔過濾器(孔徑為8
μm)隔開,培養結束後,位於下部腔室的細胞在顯微鏡下以血球計數盤計數。每一研究重複三次,數據以平均值±標準差呈現。T-檢定用於比較各組間差異,P值<0.05為統計學上具有顯著差異。
該結果顯示於圖4,與對照組IgG比較,當LPS處理過的U937細胞用5至50μg/ml EN10單株抗體處理後,U937細胞的侵入活性從90.2±2%降低為49.1±1%(N=3),該些結果指出EN10單株抗體可藉由劑量相關性的方式,降低ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性以緩和活化U937單核細胞的侵入能力。因此使用EN10單株抗體透過靶向發炎單核細胞表面上的ENO1蛋白活性以抑制發炎細胞進入受影響部位而治療發炎反應有其可行性。
將人類U937單核細胞培養在含有10%FCS的RPMI,細胞以10μg/ml LPS處理6小時以誘導細胞表面上ENO1蛋白表達,進行流式細胞儀分析時,全體完整的細胞以或不以EN10單株抗體(1:300倍率稀釋)染色,再以FITC-共軛山羊抗血清(Jackson Lab)染色後可以肉眼觀察,並用FACScan流式細胞儀(Becton Dickinson)進行分析,ENO1表現量由其產生的螢光強度所測定。
該實驗結果顯示於圖5,相較於未經LPS處理但與EN10單株抗體反應的細胞,以LPS及EN10單株抗體反應的U937細胞數曲線往右側飄移,此一結果表明,U937細胞表達ENO1在其細胞表面上,這些數據支持EN10單株抗體辨識單核細胞表面上其LPS所誘導ENO1蛋白的概念。
從實施例3及4的結果揭示,EN10單株抗體可降低ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性。該ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性的降低結果導致抑制活化血纖維蛋白溶酶原,緩和活化U937單核細胞的侵入能力。此結果亦由其他文
獻報告所支持,在小鼠非感染性發炎模式中,當小鼠其單核細胞的血纖維蛋白溶酶原有缺失時,該小鼠之單核細胞即喪失該遷移能力及滲入活性。
為了證明EN10單株抗體在活體內抑制白血球滲入的功效,小鼠非感染性發炎(Non-Infectious Inflammation NII)模式用於此研究。12隻小鼠隨機分成4組,每組各有三隻小鼠。第一天,各組分別給予PBS,6mg/kg體重(mpk)Enbrel,10mpk小鼠IgG及10mpk EN10單株抗體(ip)。兩小時後,每隻小鼠注射200μg酪蛋白(ip),並保持於25℃達12小時,然後用同樣藥物同樣劑量處理,接著兩小時後分別以200μg酪蛋白注射。三小時後,打開小鼠腹膜並且收集腹膜液,並計數各組的總腹膜細胞。為了辨識單核細胞及嗜中性白血球其族群的分佈,各組腹膜液細胞以小鼠1A8抗體辨識嗜中性白血球及大鼠抗BR1抗體辨識單核細胞,再以FITC-共軛山羊抗大鼠IgG(Jackson Lab)反應後可用肉眼觀察並用FACScan流式細胞儀(Becton Dickinson)進行分析。數據以平均值±標準誤呈現,T-檢定用於比較各組間差異,P值<0.05為統計學上有顯著差異。
本研究結果顯示於圖6A及6B。以6mpk Enbrel,賦形劑以及10mpk IgG作為對照組處理的在小鼠腹膜平均總細胞數分別為,1.5±0.1x107(N=3),1.8x107,及4±0.5x107(N=3)。然而,當相同酪蛋白處理的小鼠中給予10mpk EN10單株抗體的實驗組中,在腹膜平均細胞計數為5±1.2x106(N=3)明顯低於該Enbrel,賦形劑及IgG對照組,10mpk EN10單株抗體處理組及初始處理組(3.9±1.2x106(N=3))(圖6A)之間並無顯著差異。
當進行分析腹膜的細胞族群時,嗜中性白血球約佔腹膜總細胞數在73%至85%,並且各組之間(除了初始處理組)無顯著差異(圖6B)。此結果意指EN10單株抗體可以降低ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性,如血纖維溶酶原基
因剔除小鼠在NII研究的結果,降低組織中血纖維蛋白溶酶原的活化,並防止發炎細胞(例如,嗜中性白血球)滲透到受影響的部位,因此,以ENO1抗體靶向ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體具有治療免疫疾病的潛在應用。
最近的文獻報導指出,在EAE動物模式中單核細胞滲入對於多發性硬化症發病過程非常重要。根據實施例6中的數據,我們假設抗ENO1抗體降低ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性可改善EAE動物模式中的多發性硬化症症狀。12隻7至10週齡的CB57/BL/6雌性小鼠以皮下注射含有100μg MOG p35-55的弗式完全佐劑,隨後以腹膜注射100ng百日咳毒素。小鼠隨機分為兩組,每組6隻小鼠。在第二天,各組小鼠分別皮下注射200μl 10mpk EN10單株抗體及小鼠IgG。在第三天,腹膜注射劑量為100ng百日咳毒素。每日觀察動物及其臨床症狀,並評估如下:0,沒有任何跡象;1,尾音減少(decreased tail tone);2,輕度局部輕癱或癱瘓;3,重度下肢輕癱;4,下肢癱瘓或四肢癱瘓;5垂死或死亡。所有研究皆按照台灣生物技術開發中心的動物護理及使用委員會所述的規範完成。
其實驗結果顯示於圖7,各組小鼠在第7天開始出現EAE症狀,並且兩組之間從第7天到12天的臨床評分值無顯著差異,在EN10單株抗體處理組,第13天小鼠達到該疾病高原的平均最大臨床評分值約為2.7±032(N=6)。然後,直到第28天小鼠進入EAE緩解期,於此時間研究終止。然而以小鼠IgG處理的小鼠在第16天達到疾病高原,其平均最大臨床評分值為約3.3±0.21(N=6)。之後,這些小鼠開始進入緩解期。研究結束時,兩組具有相同的平均臨床評分值。
本發明揭示,與以IgG處理的小鼠比較,以ENO1抗體處理的小鼠具有較低平均最大臨床評分值約為0.6點,該些數據顯示,通過抗體抑制ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活
性對於EAE小鼠預防模式在臨床上有益。
實施例7中結果指出,通過抗體抑制ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性對於EAE小鼠預防模式在臨床上有益,為了探索該EN10單株抗體對MS其治療效果,一小鼠EAE治療模式用於接續研究。28隻7至10週齡的CB57/BL/6雌性小鼠皮下注射含有100μg MOG p35-55的弗式完全佐劑,隨後腹膜注入100ng的百日咳毒素。在第三天,腹膜注射劑量為100ng百日咳毒素。每日觀察動物及其臨床症狀,並評估如下:0,沒有任何跡象;1,尾音減少(decreased tail tone);2,輕度局部輕癱或癱瘓;3,重度下肢輕癱;4,下肢癱瘓或四肢癱瘓;5垂死或死亡。直到大約10天,於此期間,小鼠平均臨床評分值為約0.5,小鼠隨機分為4組,每一組各7隻小鼠。第1組在第11,13及15天小鼠以腹膜注射5mpk EN10單株抗體,第2組小鼠第11天後每日以口服15mpk富馬酸二甲酯(DMF)兩次,第3組小鼠如同第2組小鼠處理,除了這些小鼠在第11,13及15天以腹膜注射5mpk EN10單株抗體,第4組為注射賦形劑的對照組;這些小鼠每日以腹膜注射PBS。
研究結束時,收集三隻各組接近平均最大臨床值的小鼠,並且它們的整個身體灌注布安式固定液(Bouin’s solution)。該些小鼠的大腦及脊髓中以10%福馬林固定,切片並用Luxol快藍,蘇木精及伊紅(H&E)染色。病理師基於Shackelford score method計分法(Toxicologic Pathology,Vol 30,No 1,pp93-96,2002)評估基於腦膜及腦實質脫髓鞘發炎性病變的病理組織學分數通過如下:1,最小;2,輕微的;3,適中;4,中/重度;5,重度/高。數據以平均值±標準誤。T-檢定用於比較各組。P值<0.05為統計學有顯著差異,所有研究皆按照台灣生物技術開發中心的動物護理及使用委員會所述的規範完成。
其結果顯示於圖8A、8B、8C及8D。各組小鼠開始在第10天顯示EAE病徵,並且當時該平均臨床值為約0.5。小鼠在第11天開始接受試驗藥物,小鼠分別5mpk EN10單株抗體,每天分別給與兩次15mpk DMF,及EN10單株抗體與DMF的組合各組,其EAE病徵開始出現緩和。各組小鼠約27天達到疾病高原期,當處理賦形劑,5mpk EN10單株抗體,每天兩次15mpk DMF,及EN10單株抗體與DMF組合的平均最大臨床值分別為4.1±0.34(N=7),2.9±0.16(N=7),2.7±0.47(N=7)及2.4±0.39(N=7)(圖8A)。研究終止於第32天,以賦形劑處理組中的3隻小鼠研究期間發病死亡。各組的平均最大臨床值無統計學上差異,與賦形劑處理組比較,小鼠以5mpk EN10單株抗體,15mpk DMF每天處理兩次,及EN10單株抗體與DMF組合對於治療有益,平均最大臨床值分別降低為約1.2,1.4及1.7。
這些結果指出,通過抗體抑制ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性顯示出於臨床上有益於小鼠EAE治療模式治療,以5MPK EN10單株抗體、每日給與15mpk DMF兩次及結合5MPK EN10單株抗體和及DMF合併處理具有相似的功效,一些協同效應主要出現在該EN10單株抗體與DMF組合治療組中(圖8A-8D)。
為了研究EN10單株抗體及DMF處理小鼠對於EAE疾病的益處,進一步分析該些發病小鼠中樞神經系統切片,分析的項目包括總臨床組織病理學,脫髓鞘與中樞神經系統發炎評分值及檢察組織包括大腦,小腦,延腦,頸椎,胸椎,腰椎及骶骨。其結果示於圖8B,8C及8D。
該些小鼠以賦形劑,5mpk EN10單株抗體,15mpk DMF每天兩次,及EN10單株抗體與DMF合併處理組的平均總組織病理學發病計值分別為40.7±7.1(N=3),15±4.4(N=3),28±5.2(N=3),及13±11.7(N=3)。與賦形劑組比較,EN10單株抗體處理組及EN10單株抗體與DMF組合處理組的小鼠,
其平均總組織病理學發病計值具有顯著性差異,P值分別為0.025及0.004(圖8B)。此結果指出以EN10單株抗體,或EN10單株抗體與DMF組合處理的小鼠有益於EAE疾病中的中樞神經系統的傷害的避免。當中樞神經系統的脫髓鞘計值進行比較,結果顯示於圖8C,以賦形劑、5mpk EN10單株抗體,15mpk DMF每天兩次及EN10單抗與DMF合併處理組中,每個小鼠中樞神經系統的平均總脫髓鞘計值分別為13±1.8(N=3),4.3±0.7(N=3),7±1.0(N=3)3±2.3(N=3)。與賦形劑組比較,所有藥物處理組中顯示每隻小鼠CNS的平均總脫髓鞘發病計值在統計學上具有差異,EN10單株抗體組P值為0.01,DMF組為0.04及EN10單株抗體與DMF合併組合處理組為0.04。此結果指出以EN10單株抗體,或DMF,或EN10單株抗體與DMF合併處理的小鼠受到本研究中試驗藥物的保護,避免在EAE疾病過程中,中樞神經系統脫髓鞘導致的損傷。本研究進一步為文獻所支持,DMF對於多發性硬化症患者神經元具有保護作用(Moharregh-Khiabani等人,Current Neuropharmacology.7:60-64,2009;Oh等人,PLoS ONE.7:1-10,2012)。給與5mpk EN10單株抗體劑量在疾病過程中比每天給與30mpk DMF療效更好。
中樞神經系統的淋巴細胞滲入發生率計值為另一檢視的參數,其結果顯示於圖8D。給與賦形劑,5mpk EN10單株抗體,每天兩次15mpk DMF及EN10單株抗體與DMF合併處裡的實驗組,小鼠中樞神經系統平均總發炎計值分別為10.3±1.18(N=3),6.3±0.9(N=3),9±1.0(N=3)及2.7±1.3(N=3)。小鼠以該EN10單株抗體治療組及EN10單株抗體與DMF合併處理的實驗組顯示,在小鼠CNS中的平均總發炎計值相對於該賦形劑處理組在統計學上具有顯著差異,分別具有0.05及0.01的P值(圖8D)。然而,DMF似乎對於有防止發炎細胞進入CNS受影響的區域無統計學上的顯著差異,此一結果揭示,EN10單株抗體或EN10單株抗體與DMF組合能夠防止
淋巴球細胞滲入中樞神經系統,從而降低CNS病理發生率,更重要的是改善在MS中,中樞神經系統神經元的脫髓鞘的症狀。
Bae的(J.Immunology.189:365-372,2013)結果顯示,在單核細胞表面上ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體的活化有利於發炎性細胞激素分泌,例如在風濕性關節炎(RA)患者PBMC可分泌TNF α及IL β會導致疾病的惡化。本發明所揭露的實施例6,7及8支持其MS的結果,以及Presslor在肺發炎模式研究中,降低單核細胞表面上其ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性可阻止活化的單核細胞滲入至發炎區域。為了證實本發明之EN10單株抗體對於RA的療效,在囓齒類動物模式中進行使用膠原蛋白抗體所誘導關節炎的研究。六週齡的雄性Balb/c小鼠每隻以靜脈注射1.5mg小鼠單株抗第II型膠原蛋白抗體,四天後,每隻小鼠以腹腔注射50μg LPS(大腸桿菌0111B4),小鼠被分成3組,每組三隻小鼠。每組分別在第1,3,5及7天以小鼠5mpk IgG,5mpk EN10單株抗體及6mpK Enbrel處理,每日觀察動物並且評估臨床症狀如下:體重(每天),足墊厚度(第1,3,7及10天),關節炎計值(第3,第7及10天),病理(第十天),及細胞激素(ELISA)。數據以平均值±標準差呈現。ANOVA分析後進行Newman-Keuls多重比較檢定來比較三個或更多組別。P值<0.05為統計學上有顯著差異。所有研究皆按照台灣生物技術開發中心的動物護理及使用委員會所述的規範完成。進行細胞激素分析時,膝蓋被打開,滑膜液以PBS洗滌並收集,細胞激素濃度以Cytokine ELISA套組進行分析。
該結果顯示於圖9A,其中以10mpk EN10單株抗體,6mpk Enbrel及賦形劑處理組,於第7天的平均關節炎計值,分別為10±0.54(N=3),12±0.8(N=3)及12±0.3(N=3)。以EN10單株抗體處理的小鼠,其平均關節炎計值與賦形劑組比
較具有統計上的顯著差異,其P值為0.0001。在第10天,以10mpk EN10單株抗體,6mpk Enbrel及賦形劑處理組的該平均關節炎計值分別為8.9±0.53(N=3),7.2±0.8(N=3)及11.7±0.3(N=3)。以EN10單株抗體及Enbrel處理的小鼠的平均關節炎計值與賦形劑處理組比較,具有P值小於0.0001統計上的顯著差異(圖9A)。本發明的結果揭示,在CAIA囓齒動物模式中,以EN10單株抗體降低ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性,可緩和RA症狀,當分析CAIA小鼠關節液的細胞激素IL1b及MMP9時,以EN10單株抗體、Enbrel及賦形劑處理,其MMP9平均濃度分別為62.5±5、34±9.4及92.5±11.25ng/ml(N=3)。對於細胞激素IL1b而言,以EN10單株抗體,Enbrel及賦形劑處理其該平均濃度分別為91±15.8,68.9±31及115.6±20pg/ml(N=3)。在該EN10單株抗體及Enbrel處理組中兩種細胞激素皆為下降趨勢。基於圖9A,9B及9C中所顯示的結果,可得出結論,在這兩種情況下,10mpk EN10單株抗體及Enbel具有減少RA症狀的治療效果。
實施例7,8及9結果指出,藉由EN10單株抗體抑制ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性,可降低血纖維蛋白溶酶原活化,抑制UPAS訊號傳導路徑反應,並減少細胞外基質活性。其結果為,發炎單核細胞滲入至受損影響細胞受到抑制,並且其抑制可改善EAE模式中MS的發炎症狀,及CAIA模式中RA的發炎症狀。因此,靶向ENO1活化細胞(如單核細胞)表面上的血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體,可用於治療發炎疾病,並且EN10單株抗體可作為免疫疾病患者的治療藥物。
抗體與本發明具體實施例的使用,可以從任何來源獲得,或常用的抗體產生技術產生,以下將描述一抗ENO1單株抗體的生成的實施例。本領域具有通常知識者知道,亦可以使用常規技術來產生多株抗體,該產生抗體中所使用的抗原(即,ENO1蛋白或其片段,單獨或為一融合蛋白)可以
基於ENO1已知序列產生。
儘管本發明已描述了有限數量的實施例,本領域具有通常知識者,擁有本揭露的益處,將意識到可以設計出其他實施例而不脫離本發明的範圍。因此,本發明的範圍應僅由所附的請求項限定。
Claims (9)
- 一種抗-ENO1抗體或其結合片段用於製備治療免疫性疾病的醫藥品之用途,其中該抗-ENO1抗體或其結合片段係結合至ENO1並抑制單核細胞或白血球的ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體之活性,其中該免疫性疾病為多發性硬化症、克隆氏症、潰瘍性結腸炎、全身性紅斑狼瘡、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、哮喘、過敏症、牛皮癬、第I型糖尿病、動脈粥樣硬化或骨質疏鬆症。
- 如請求項1所述的用途,其中該抗ENO1抗體或其結合片段係結合至人類ENO1蛋白。
- 如請求項2所述的用途,其中該抗ENO1抗體或其結合片段係藉由阻止血纖維蛋白溶酶原結合至人類ENO1蛋白以抑制人類ENO1蛋白的血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性。
- 如請求項1所述的用途,其中該抗-ENO1抗體為一單株抗體。
- 如請求項1或4所述的用途,其中該抗ENO1抗體或其結合片段結合人類ENO1的Kd值為1x10-7M或更小。
- 如請求項1所述的用途,其中該抗-ENO1抗體之結合片段為一Fv,Fab,或F(ab)2片段。
- 如請求項1所述的用途,其中該抗ENO1抗體係選自由一嵌合抗體,一人源化抗體,一親和力成熟的抗體,一人類抗體,雙特異性抗體及藥物耦合抗體(ADC)所組成之 群。
- 如請求項1所述的用途,其中該抗-ENO1抗體或其結合片段係藉由抑制該單核細胞或白血球的ENO1血纖維蛋白溶酶原受體活性而治療一選自由多發性硬化症、克隆氏症、潰瘍性結腸炎、全身性紅斑狼瘡、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、哮喘、過敏症、牛皮癬、第1型糖尿病、骨質疏鬆症、動脈粥樣硬化及其組合所組成之群的免疫性疾病。
- 如請求項1所述的用途,其中該醫藥組品進一步包括富馬酸二甲酯或其它免疫調節劑。
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