TWI547637B - The Stirling Engine and Its Exhaust - Google Patents

Description

Stirling engine and its mover

The invention belongs to the technical field of a Stirling engine, in particular to a modular and simplified Stirling engine and a gas mover thereof, thereby reducing heat loss, reducing fluid resistance, reducing heat and reducing heat. The ineffective space of the gas flow path is recovered, the heat exchange rate is accelerated, the heat regeneration efficiency is improved, and the heat power is improved, thereby improving the heat work efficiency.

In recent years, due to climate warming, petrochemical energy shortage and high price, it has brought considerable impact to all countries. Therefore, energy conservation and low-pollution energy sources have been discussed and studied successively, and conversion devices for converting energy are also important topics for discussion. Among them, the Stirling engine is considered to be one of the possible solutions to the energy problem. The Stirling engine has the advantages of efficient energy conversion, low pollution, low noise, and simple mechanism. Nowadays, there are examples of solar power generation, and how to use the Stirling engine in the future can simplify its mechanism and improve its heat conversion efficiency. Widely discussed.

The existing Stirling mechanism relationship is a Stirling cycle external combustion engine that utilizes an external heat source to generate a reversible cycle, and is therefore an internal combustion engine or other engine that requires a highly flammable and ignitable fuel such as gasoline. A low-quality, low-cost fuel that can completely burn or recover waste heat energy to save energy and reduce pollution.

The basic structure of the Beta-type Stirling engine is as shown in Fig. 7, which has a cylinder block (60) which internally forms a temperature difference chamber (61), wherein one end of the temperature difference chamber (61) is at a higher temperature. The hot zone (611) and the other end are a cold zone (612) having a lower temperature, and the temperature difference chamber (61) of the cylinder block (60) is provided with a hot regenerator piston (70) and a gas mover ( 75), wherein the hot regenerator piston (70) and the air mover (75) are in the same axial direction, and are respectively connected to a flywheel (80) by using a power output rod (71) (shown as a schematic diagram). When the engine is running, it is as shown in Figure 7. (A~D), the temperature difference between the hot zone (611) and the cold zone (612) in the temperature difference chamber (61) is continuously maintained. When the gas mover (75) in the temperature difference chamber (61) of the cylinder block (60) moves, the gas in the temperature difference chamber (61) is driven to the hot zone (611) on both sides of the shifter (75) and The cold zone (612) circulates and flows through the heat regenerator (301) to absorb the heat energy remaining after the gas is expanded by the heat storage material, and then passes the working fluid through the heat storage material when the gas mover (75) is returned to the heat chamber end. And recover heat.

However, the Stirling engine is designed as a moving mechanism by using a power output rod (71) and a heat regenerator piston (70), and forms a coaxial motion mode, and the power output rod of the air mover passes through the heat regeneration piston. People often do the opposite direction of motion, so friction with each other reduces the power that can be output. Therefore, the friction loss and loss between the parts and the complexity of the mechanism design are increased, and the maintenance is not easy, and the maintenance cost is increased. As shown in the figure, the sandwich cavity thermal regenerator piston (30) and the thermal regenerator piston brake (52) surrounding the periphery of the engine not only cause stress concentration due to complicated structure, but also easily cause material fatigue damage, and easily dissipate heat energy to the surrounding area. Atmospheric Environment. Some of the working fluid remains in the airway and cannot contribute to the recovery of heat energy. This means that the ineffective space is large and the heat recovery efficiency is poor.

In addition, the Alpha-type Stirling engine in Fig. 8 not only has a large invalid space, but also has poor heat recovery efficiency. The additional thermal regenerator piston cavity will increase the heat loss path, and make the structure more complicated and increase the mechanical friction. The kinetic energy is lost and the manufacturing and maintenance costs are increased.

The two main types of Stirling engine thermal regenerators have complex structure, narrow flow and long flow path, and kinetic energy loss caused by mechanical friction, large heat recovery space, and thermal energy. Large loss paths, low heat recovery rates, and efficiency issues, and these complex thermal regenerator designs are susceptible to stress concentration and material damage making them less suitable for closed high pressure operation and long life operation. However, high-voltage operation performance is one of the main methods to improve the efficiency and power of Stirling engines. Long-life operation is also a requirement in its application field. In summary, the composition of the existing Stirling engine does not meet the actual operational requirements and is necessary for further improvement.

In view of this, the present inventors have intensively discussed the problems faced by the aforementioned Stirling engine and its gas mover, and have been actively seeking solutions through years of experience in research and development and manufacturing of related industries. The research and development of hard work has finally succeeded in developing a kind of The Stirling engine and its displacer overcome the troubles and inconveniences caused by friction between the Stirling engine and its displacer.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to simplify the Stirling engine mechanism and integrate the gas mover and the thermal regenerator by a modular method, so as to be suitable for high air pressure operating conditions, reduce the heat loss path, and eliminate the invalid space of heat energy recovery. Moreover, the heat recovery rate and efficiency are improved, and the working fluid flow resistance is reduced to avoid the kinetic energy transmitted by the heat regenerator piston loss transmitter, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the Stirling engine, and utilizing the thermal regenerator piston motion inertia assisted shift The gasifier achieves equal volume expansion and isovolumetric compression to improve thermal efficiency and power. It can reduce the cost of manufacturing and maintenance and increase the operating life.

To this end, the present invention mainly achieves the foregoing objects and effects through the following technical means; the method includes: a first cavity having a hot chamber end and a cold chamber end, and first The cavity forms a through hole adjacent to the end surface of the cold chamber; a gas remover is slidably disposed in the first cavity, the inside of the gas trap has a second cavity, and both end faces of the gas remover Forming a series of first perforations and a second perforation, respectively, and the first and second perforations respectively communicate with the first cavity; a thermal regenerator piston, the thermal regenerator piston is slidably disposed in the second cavity of the displacer a third cavity, the third cavity system is disposed at an end surface of the first cavity corresponding to the cold chamber end, and the third cavity is connected to each other by the through hole of the first cavity, and the third cavity is slid A power piston is provided; and a position determining mechanism that determines and controls the position of the forwarder and the heat regenerator piston.

Thereby, through the foregoing technical means, the Stirling engine of the present invention can utilize the first cavity as the thermal power conversion cavity, and the second cavity of the gas transmitter as the thermal regeneration cavity. Body, and using the third cavity as the regenerative power reserve and release component of the air mover, also using the power piston as the kinetic energy output device and the gas as the medium for transmitting the kinetic energy, so as to simplify the Stirling engine mechanism to seal the same The cavity increases the heat work efficiency and power by increasing the operating gas pressure, avoiding friction loss, vibration loss and material stress concentration damage of the conventional complex transmission mechanism, and at the same time modularizing it to reduce manufacturing cost and maintenance cost, and reduce Heat loss, heat storage loss and working fluid flow resistance also eliminate the ineffective space of heat recovery, improve heat recovery efficiency and expand hot air flow to increase heat recovery rate, to improve the thermal efficiency of Stirling engine, and utilize thermal regenerator piston The motion inertial assisted mover achieves equal volume expansion and isovolumetric compression to improve the efficiency and power of the heat work, and can increase the operational life and added value of the product, and enhance its economic benefits.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings, and in the claims

(10)‧‧‧First cavity

(11) ‧ ‧ hot room end

(12) ‧ ‧ cold room end

(13)‧‧‧through holes

(20)‧‧‧Vehicles

(21)‧‧‧Second cavity

(22)‧‧‧First perforation

(23)‧‧‧Second perforation

(25) ‧ ‧ heat storage components

(30)‧‧‧Hot regenerator piston

(301)‧‧‧Hot regenerator

(40) ‧‧‧ third cavity

(45)‧‧‧Power Piston

(46)‧‧‧One-way intake valve

(47)‧‧‧One-way air outlet valve

(50) ‧ ‧ ‧ Authentic institutions

(51) ‧‧‧ position pole

(52)‧‧‧Hot regenerator piston brake

(53)‧‧‧Detector/Transmitter Brake Combination

(60) ‧‧‧Cylinder block

(61) ‧‧‧Warm chamber

(611) ‧ ‧ hot zone

(612) ‧ ‧ cold areas

(70)‧‧‧Hot regenerator piston

(71)‧‧‧Power Output Rod

(75)‧‧‧Vehicles

(80)‧‧‧Flywheel

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the Stirling engine of the present invention.

Figure 1A is a schematic view of another embodiment of the Stirling engine of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the P-V [pressure-volume] coordinates of the Stirling engine of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the operation of the adiabatic expansion A to B in the second embodiment of the Stirling engine of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the operation of the Stirling engine of the present invention in the second drawing with a moderate pressure drop B~C.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the action of the adiabatic contraction C~D in the second embodiment of the Stirling engine of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the operation of the Sterling engine of the present invention in the second drawing of the medium pressure boost D~A.

Figure 7: A simplified schematic of the Beta-type Stirling engine.

Figure 8: A simplified schematic of the Formula Alpha-type Stirling engine.

The present invention is a Stirling engine and its air mover, and the specific embodiments of the present invention and its components, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, all relate to front and rear, left and right, top and bottom, upper and lower, and horizontal The vertical reference is for convenience of description only and is not intended to limit the invention, nor to limit its components to any position or spatial orientation. The drawings and the dimensions specified in the specification may be varied in accordance with the design and needs of the specific embodiments of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention.

The present invention is a Stirling engine and its air mover. Referring to FIG. 1 , the Stirling engine includes at least a first cavity (10), a gas mover (20), and a heat regeneration. a piston (30), a third cavity (40) and a positioning mechanism (50), wherein: the first cavity (10) has a hot chamber end (11) and a cold chamber end (12) The first cavity (10) is formed with a through hole (13) on the cold chamber end (12); the air mover (20) is slidably disposed in the first cavity (10), and the gas is removed. The device (20) has a second cavity (21), and the two end faces of the gas mover (20) respectively form a series of first perforations (22) and a second perforation (23), and the first and second perforations ( 22, 23) connecting the first cavity (10), and further the Stirling engine is further provided with at least one heat storage element (25) in the second cavity (21) of the pipette (20), The heat storage element (25) is disposed in the first cavity (22) adjacent to the second cavity (21). As shown in FIG. 1A, the heat storage elements (25) are disposed on the cavity wall of the first cavity (22) adjacent to the second cavity (21); the thermal regenerator piston (30) is slippery. The third cavity (40) is disposed in the second cavity (21) of the air mover (20); the third cavity (40) is connected to one end of the first cavity (10) corresponding to the cold chamber end (12). The third cavity (40) is connected to each other by the through hole (13) of the first cavity (10), and the third cavity (40) is provided with a power piston (45), and the third cavity. The body (40) is provided with a one-way intake valve (46) adjacent to the top end of the first cavity (10), and the third cavity (40) A one-way air outlet valve (47) is connected to the center of the bottom surface; and the positioning mechanism (50) is disposed between the air mover (20) and the third cavity (40), and the position determining mechanism (50) Included is a positional rod (51) slidably disposed between the through hole (13) of the first cavity (10) and the second cavity (21) and the second hole (23), and the position bar (51) One end is connected to the aforementioned thermal regenerator piston (30), and the other end is corresponding to the power piston (45). Further, the position determining mechanism (50) is sleeved on the position rod (51) and connected to the displacer (20). a thermal regenerator piston brake (52), wherein the thermal regenerator piston brake (52) selectively clamps the position rod (51), and the positioning mechanism (50) has a first chamber (10) The detector/desorber brake combination (53) of the hole (13), the detector/desorber brake combination (53) is available for the position rod (51) to pass through, and the outer edge of the position rod (51) is A gap is formed between the inner edges of the detector/dispenser brake assembly (53), and the aforementioned thermal regenerator piston brake (52) can be slid into the gap to determine that the transmitter (20) is in the first cavity a position of (10) and a position of the thermal regenerator piston (30) in the second cavity (21); The invention of the heat-removing gas mover can constitute a modular structure with low structural loss, low heat loss, low heat storage loss, low working fluid resistance, low mechanical friction loss, low mechanism vibration, low manufacturing and maintenance. Cost, high heat recovery rate and efficiency, long operating life, and Stirling engines and their transmitters for high operating gas pressures to increase thermal efficiency and power.

Through the above design, the Stirling engine of the present invention is in the actual use, as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 6 . In actual operation, the second figure is the PV map of the Stirling engine [pressure-volume] Including adiabatic expansion A~B, isovolumic pressure reduction B~C, adiabatic contraction C~D, isovolumetric pressure D~A and other paths to form a thermodynamic cycle.

Figure 3 shows the adiabatic expansion A~B mechanical action diagram of the Stirling engine, in which the hot chamber end (11) of the first cavity (10) is heated, and the thrust generated by the gas expansion in the movement is shifted. The gas device (20) moves downward during which the heat regenerator piston brake (52) of the position determining mechanism (50) locks the position rod (51) to cause the gas trap (20) to be in the second chamber ( Within 21) The heat regenerator piston (30) is locked in the first perforation (22), the valve is closed, and there is no displacement, and the gas located below the displacer (20) in the first cavity (10) passes through the through hole (13). Flowing into the third cavity (40) to move the power piston (45) in the third cavity (40) downward.

Figure 4 shows the isostatic buck B~C mechanical action diagram of the Stirling engine. When performing the isovolumic buck thermodynamic process, the detector/transfer brake is used for the correcting mechanism (50). The combination (53) detects that the displacer (20) has reached the bottom position of the first cavity (10), so the thermal regenerator piston brake (52) unwinds the position lever (51) so that the displacer (20) The hot regenerator piston (30) of the second cavity (21) can slide downward to pass the hot gas of the hot chamber end (11) of the first cavity (10) through the first perforation of the gas transmitter (20). (22) and the heat storage element (25) flows into the second cavity (21) to save the remaining heat energy of the gas after the adiabatic expansion. At the same time, the gas under the hot regenerator piston in the second cavity (21) flows into the third cavity (40) through the through hole (13), so that the pressure is applied to the power piston of the third cavity (40) ( 45), slide it down to output kinetic energy. During the expansion of the gas chamber end (11) in the first cavity (10), the pressure gradually decreases, and the gas pressure of the cold chamber end (12) or the third chamber (40) gradually increases. The gas pressure to the hot chamber end (11) is equal to the gas pressure of the third chamber (40). The action of the heat chamber end (11) gas flowing into the second cavity (21) causes the pressure of the heat chamber end (11) to be equal pressure drop. When the mover (20) reaches the bottom of the cold chamber end (12) of the first chamber (10), the downward movement of the thermal regenerator piston (30) again causes the mover (20) to remain in that position. The time is extended, and the gas that assists in completing the adiabatic expansion transmits part of the heat from the chamber wall of the cold chamber (12) to achieve an isovolumic pressure reduction. When the process is completed, the hot regenerator piston brake (52) of the locating mechanism (50) forms a locked state at the relative position rod (51), so that the second chamber (21) of the gas mover (20) and The relative position of the thermal regenerator piston (30) therein remains fixed.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the adiabatic contraction C~D mechanical action diagram of the Stirling engine. When the adiabatic compression thermodynamic process is performed, the third cavity (40) acts as a gas spring to generate a restoring force, thereby Below the third cavity (40), the power piston (45) is pushed by the compressed gas to push the gas above the power piston (45) to push the gas mover in the first cavity (10) (20) Slide up.

Furthermore, Figure 6 shows the isometric boost D~A mechanical action diagram of the Stirling engine. When performing the isovolumetric compression thermodynamic process, the power piston in the third cavity (40) is utilized. The gas at the cold chamber end (12) in the first chamber (10) is pushed to push the gas mover (20) upward to compress the gas at the end of the hot chamber. Because the detector/dispenser brake combination (53) of the locating mechanism (50) detects that the damper (20) has reached a predetermined position above the first cavity (10), the locating mechanism ( 50) The thermal regenerator piston brake (52) disengages the position rod (51), that is, the thermal regenerator piston (30) can stay at the bottom of the second chamber (21) and slide upward with the displacer (20) to compress heat The chamber end (11) gas, when the power piston (45) pushes against the end of the position rod (51), pushes the hot regenerator piston (30) to slide upward, so that the second chamber (21) stored in the displacer (20) The gas inside is extruded by the heat regenerator piston (30) through the heat storage element (25) and through the first perforation (22) into the first cavity (10), so the heat is recovered and reused for the next heat. Power cycle. When this thermodynamic process is completed, the thermal regenerator piston brake (52) of the locating mechanism (50) is re-locked to perform the next thermodynamic process.

In addition, the third cavity (40) may be provided with a one-way intake valve (46) for gas only entering the third cavity (40) and the one-way outlet valve (47) for gas discharge from the third cavity (40), The pressure in the third chamber (40) is always pushed back enough to push back the regenerator (20). When the air mover (20) is pushed down, the one-way intake valve (46) is locked and closed, and the one-way air outlet valve (47) is opened to allow the power piston (45) to be below the third cavity (40). The gas is discharged to a gas storage tank or is powered by gas power. When the pressure in the third cavity (40) is greater than the pressure of the hot chamber end (11) in the first cavity (10), the one-way intake valve (46) and the one-way air outlet valve (47) are simultaneously The lock is closed and the power piston (45) begins to bounce back up. When the power piston (45) slides upward beyond the position of the one-way intake valve (46) and the air pressure below the third cavity (40) decreases, the one-way intake valve (46) is opened to allow external air to enter the third cavity. Below the body (40) for the next compression.

Through the above structural design and operation description, the Stirling engine of the present invention can utilize the first cavity (10) as a heat exchange cavity to make the second cavity (21) of the gas transmitter (20) The chamber is thermally regenerated, and the third cavity (40) is used as a gas mover (20) to rebound the power reserve and release components, thereby simplifying the Stirling engine mechanism while simplifying it and reducing heat dissipation. Loss, reduce heat storage loss, reduce gas flow resistance, avoid ineffective space for heat recovery, increase heat recovery rate and efficiency, assist in achieving equal volume buck and boost processes, and adapt to high operating gas pressures to improve thermal efficiency and power To improve the efficiency of the Stirling engine's thermal work, and to reduce manufacturing costs and maintenance costs, increase product operating life and added value, and increase its economic efficiency.

In this way, it can be understood that the present invention is an excellent creation, in addition to effectively solving the problems faced by the practitioners, and greatly improving the efficiency, and the same or similar product creation or public use is not seen in the same technical field. At the same time, it has the effect of improving the efficiency. Therefore, the present invention has met the requirements for "novelty" and "progressiveness" of the invention patent, and is filed for patent application according to law.

(10)‧‧‧First cavity

(11) ‧ ‧ hot room end

(12) ‧ ‧ cold room end

(13)‧‧‧through holes

(20)‧‧‧Vehicles

(21)‧‧‧Second cavity

(22)‧‧‧First perforation

(23)‧‧‧Second perforation

(25) ‧ ‧ heat storage components

(30)‧‧‧Hot regenerator piston

(40) ‧‧‧ third cavity

(45)‧‧‧Power Piston

(46)‧‧‧One-way intake valve

(47)‧‧‧One-way air outlet valve

(50) ‧ ‧ ‧ Authentic institutions

(51) ‧‧‧ position pole

(52)‧‧‧Hot regenerator piston brake

(53)‧‧‧Detector/Transmitter Brake Combination

Claims (4)

A Stirling engine includes: a first cavity having a hot chamber end and a cold chamber end, and the first cavity forming a through hole adjacent the end surface of the cold chamber; a gas trap The air mover is slidably disposed in the first cavity, the air mover has a second cavity therein, and the two end faces of the air mover are respectively formed with a series of first through holes and a second through hole, and the first The second through hole is respectively connected to the first cavity; a heat regenerator piston is slidably disposed in the second cavity of the gas mover; and a third cavity is disposed in the third cavity a cavity corresponding to the end surface of the cold chamber end, and the third cavity is connected to each other by the through hole of the first cavity, and a power piston is slidably disposed in the third cavity; and a positioning mechanism, the determining mechanism can determine And controlling a relative position of the gas mover and the heat regenerator piston to the first cavity, the position determining mechanism comprising a position rod, a heat regenerator piston brake and an Detector/Vehicle brake combination, wherein One end of the position rod is connected to the hot regenerator piston, and the other end is extended through the second perforation and through hole The heat regenerator piston brake is available for the position rod to pass through, and the heat regenerator piston brake is coupled to the end surface of the displacer, and the detector/desorber brake combination is disposed at the through hole of the first cavity. The Stirling engine of claim 1, wherein the third cavity is magnetically permeable, and the power piston therein can be provided with a permanent magnet. a Stirling engine as described in claim 2, wherein the permanent magnet component Through the third cavity wall, adjacent to the cavity wall, the magnetic element is magnetically coupled, or the induction coil is electromagnetic. The Stirling engine of claim 1, wherein the third cavity further comprises a one-way intake valve disposed at the top end and a one-way air outlet valve disposed at the bottom end to serve as a gas compression chamber.