TWI543495B - Battery management method - Google Patents

Description

Battery management method

The present invention relates to a method, and more particularly to a battery management method.

At present, a battery management system for providing power required for various electronic products to work mainly includes a plurality of battery modules connected in series, and each battery module includes a plurality of battery cells. Due to the process variation of each battery unit, the charge and discharge capacity, the charge conversion efficiency, or the initial power of each battery unit are inconsistent, so that after a long period of repeated charge and discharge, the difference in the amount of stored electricity of each battery unit is gradually increased. The life of each battery module is limited to the battery unit with poor storage capacity. Therefore, how to adjust the battery balance and battery abnormality for each battery module has become an important issue in the development of today's technology.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a battery management method that can be used to perform charge balance adjustment and battery abnormal protection.

Therefore, the battery management method of the present invention is implemented by a battery management system including a battery device and a battery management device electrically connected to the battery device, the battery device being adapted to receive an external battery The battery is charged and supplied to a load, and includes a first battery module and a plurality of second battery modules connected in series. The battery management method includes the following steps: (A) detecting the battery management device The voltages of the battery modules in the battery device to obtain a plurality of voltage measurement signals each having a voltage value; (B) determining, by the battery management device, whether the battery device is balanced according to the voltage measurement signals And (C) using the battery management device to perform cell balance adjustment on the battery device.

100‧‧‧ load

214‧‧‧Transport interface

1‧‧‧ battery device

22‧‧‧Second Battery Management Module

11‧‧‧First battery module

23‧‧‧Communication module

111‧‧‧Battery Circuit

3‧‧‧Monitor main station

112‧‧‧Switch circuit

41~43‧‧‧Steps

12‧‧‧Second battery module

431~436‧‧‧substeps

2‧‧‧Battery management device

421, 422‧‧‧ substeps

21‧‧‧First Battery Management Module

51~53‧‧‧Steps

211‧‧‧Detection circuit

521~523‧‧‧ substeps

212‧‧‧Microprocessor

531~533‧‧‧Substeps

213‧‧‧balanced circuit

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of the battery management system of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a flow chart The battery management system of the preferred embodiment performs a battery management method for performing battery balance adjustment on a battery device; FIG. 2A is a flowchart illustrating the battery management system of the preferred embodiment executing the battery management method To perform battery balance adjustment on the battery device; FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating the battery management system of the preferred embodiment performing the battery management method to perform battery abnormality protection on the battery device; 3A is a flow chart illustrating the battery management system of the preferred embodiment executing the battery management method to perform battery abnormality protection on the battery device.

Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of a battery management system of the present invention is adapted to receive an external power for charging and to supply power to a load 100. The battery management system includes a battery device 1, a battery management device 2, and a monitoring main station. 3.

The battery device 1 is electrically connected to the load 100, receives external power and is charged to supply power to the load 100, and the battery device 1 includes a first battery module 11 and a plurality of second battery modules 12 connected in series (FIG. 1) For convenience of description, only two second battery modules 12) are shown. Each battery module 11 and 12 has a battery circuit 111 and a switch circuit 112 connected in series, and each battery circuit 111 has a plurality of serially connected terminals. Battery unit (not shown).

The battery management device 2 is electrically connected to the battery device 1 and performs battery management on the battery device 1. The battery management device 2 includes a first battery management module 21 and a plurality of second battery management modules 22 (convenient in FIG. 1). The description shows only two second battery management modules 22) and one communication module 23.

The first battery management module 21 is electrically connected to the first battery module 11, and the first and second second battery management modules 22 are electrically connected to the first and second second battery modules 12, respectively, and the first battery management The module 21 and the second battery management module 22 are configured to detect voltages and temperatures of the battery cells of the battery circuits 111 of the respective battery modules 11 and 12 To obtain a plurality of voltage measurement signals each having a voltage value and a plurality of temperature measurement signals each having a temperature value, the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management modules 22 according to the respective Corresponding to the voltage measurement signals and the temperature measurement signals, the plurality of voltage information and the plurality of temperature information corresponding to each of the voltage measurement signals are generated, wherein the voltage information is used to determine the first battery management module 21 and the Whether the battery circuits 111 of the battery modules 11 and 12 corresponding to the second battery management module 22 are in an overvoltage state (ie, the battery circuit 111 is overcharged) and an undervoltage state (ie, the battery circuit) One of the two, the temperature information is used to determine the one of the battery modules 11 and 12 corresponding to each of the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 Whether the battery circuit 111 is in an over temperature state, and each of the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management modules 22 includes a detection circuit 211, a microprocessor 212, and a balancing circuit. 213 and a transmission interface 214.

In each of the second battery management modules 22 and each of the corresponding second battery modules 12, the detection circuit 211 is electrically connected to the corresponding battery circuit 111 to detect each of the corresponding battery circuits 111. The voltage and temperature of the battery unit are respectively generated to generate the voltage measurement signals in digital form and the temperature measurement signals, and the detection circuit 211 receives a comparison signal and generates a first balance control signal accordingly.

In each of the second battery management modules 22, the microprocessor 212 is electrically connected to the detection circuit 211 to receive the voltage measurement signals and the temperature measurement signals, and the voltages of the voltage measurement signals are The values are respectively compared with a preset reference voltage value to obtain the voltage information, and the The temperature values of the isothermal measurement signals are respectively compared with a predetermined reference temperature value to obtain the temperature information. The microprocessor 212 of each second battery management module 22 generates a switching signal according to the voltage information and the temperature information corresponding thereto, and transmits the switching signal to the switch circuit 112 corresponding to the electrical connection thereof. The corresponding switch circuit 112 is controlled to be turned on or off by the switching signal, thereby causing the battery circuit 111 corresponding to the switch circuit 112 to charge/discharge or terminate charging/discharging. In addition, the microprocessor 212 of each second battery management module 22 compares a voltage difference between any two of the voltage measurement signals with a first predetermined threshold to generate a comparison. The signal is output to the detection circuit 211.

In each of the second battery management modules 22, the balancing circuit 213 is electrically connected between the detecting circuit 211 and the corresponding battery circuit 111, receives the first balancing control signal from the detecting circuit 211, and corresponds to The battery circuit 111 performs battery balance adjustment.

In each of the second battery management modules 22, the transmission interface 214 is electrically coupled to the microprocessor 212 for receiving and outputting the voltage information and the temperature information, and simultaneously receiving the voltages received by the microprocessor 212. A voltage measurement signal output in the measured signal.

It should be noted that the detection circuit 211, the microprocessor 212, the balancing circuit 213, and the transmission interface 214 in the first battery management module 21 are substantially similar to the detection in each of the second battery management modules 22, respectively. The measurement circuit 211, the microprocessor 212, the balancing circuit 213, and the transmission interface 214 are omitted, and the detailed configuration and configuration of the similarities will be omitted. In addition, in the first battery management module 21, the detection circuit 211 also detects The current of the battery circuit 111 of the first battery module 11 corresponding thereto is measured to generate a current measurement signal in the form of a digit and having a current value. The microprocessor 212 also receives the current measurement signal and compares the current value of the current measurement signal with a predetermined reference current value to generate a current information related to the battery device 1, wherein the current information is used to determine the battery. Whether the device 1 is in an overcurrent state, and the microprocessor 212 generates a switching signal based on the current information. The transmission interface 214 further receives and outputs current information.

The communication module 23 is electrically connected to the first battery management module 21 and the transmission interfaces 214 of the second battery management module 22 to receive the voltage information, current information and the temperature information, and accordingly The voltage information, current information and communication signals of the temperature information.

The monitoring main station 3 is electrically connected to the communication module 23 to receive the communication signals having the voltage information, the current information and the temperature information, and displays the voltage information, the current information and the temperature information for monitoring.

For example, when the voltage device determines that the battery device 1 is in an overvoltage state or an undervoltage state, the current device determines that the battery device 1 is in an overcurrent state, or determines the battery device by using the temperature information. 1 When the temperature is over-temperature, the monitoring main station 3 will display the voltage information, current information and the temperature information, so that the battery monitoring personnel can remotely monitor the battery device 1 and take corresponding battery abnormal protection measures. .

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, signals are sent and received by wired communication (eg, CAN-Bus, RS-485), that is, between each battery management module 21, 22 and the communication module 23, and Communication module 23 and monitoring The main station 3 is electrically connected by wire (for example, a network route, a cable), but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, it may also be a wireless communication method conforming to ZigBee or other wireless standards to transmit and receive signals. In addition, in other embodiments, the switch circuit 112 of the first battery module 11 can be used to control the charge and discharge state of the battery device 1, so that the switch circuits 112 of the second battery modules 12 can be omitted.

When the battery management system is being charged, the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management modules 22 respectively perform a battery management method on the battery circuits 111 of the corresponding battery modules 11 and 12, so that the battery management method is The battery circuits 111 each reach a battery balance, as shown in FIG. 2, which includes the following steps:

Step 41: The first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 in the battery management device 2 detect the corresponding ones of the battery circuits 111 of the battery modules 11 and 12 corresponding to the batteries. The voltage of the battery unit is equalized, and the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 respectively obtain the corresponding voltage measurement signals.

Step 42: The battery management device 2 determines whether the power of the battery device 1 is balanced according to the voltage measurement signals.

It should be particularly noted that in step 42, the detailed flow of the sub-steps 421, 422 is further included.

Sub-step 421: using the first battery management module 21 and the microprocessors 212 of the second battery management modules 22 to measure any two of the voltage measurement signals corresponding to the respective Comparing voltage differences with a first predetermined threshold to generate a first battery management module 21 and the comparison signals corresponding to the second battery management modules 22 respectively.

Sub-step 422: The microprocessors 212 of the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management modules 22 determine the corresponding battery circuits 111 according to the corresponding comparison signals. Is the battery level balanced? If yes, proceed to sub-step 433; if no, proceed to step 43.

For example, when the voltage difference between any two of the voltage measurement signals is greater than the first predetermined threshold, the comparison signal indicates that the corresponding battery circuit 111 is unbalanced.

Step 43: The battery management device 2 performs battery balance adjustment on the battery device 1.

It should be particularly noted that, in step 43, the detailed flow of the sub-steps 431, 432 is further included.

Sub-step 431: when the determination result of the sub-step 422 is negative, the detection circuits 211 of the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management modules 22 are generated according to the corresponding comparison signals. The first balance control signals corresponding to each.

Sub-step 432: the balancing circuits 213 of the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management modules 22 respectively correspond to the first balancing control signals corresponding to the first battery control devices The battery modules 111 of the first battery module 11 and the second battery modules 12 perform battery balance adjustment, so that the power of the battery cells in each battery circuit 111 is balanced, and the first battery management module 21 corresponding The voltages of the battery cells in the battery circuit 111 of the first battery module that are subjected to the cell balance adjustment are a first balanced voltage.

For example, in this embodiment, the balancing circuits 213 are passive balance adjustments of the respective battery circuits 111 corresponding thereto, so that all the battery cells in the battery circuit 111 are continuously charged, and the battery has been fully charged. The cells are discharged such that the amount of power of the battery cells in the battery circuit 111 is balanced.

In addition, in step 43, the detailed flow of the sub-steps 433-436 is further included. After the sub-step 432 is completed, the first battery management module 21 performs sub-steps 433-436 on the battery circuits 111 corresponding to the second battery management modules 22, so that the battery device 1 as a whole reaches the battery balance.

Sub-step 433: Receive a voltage measurement signal V1 of each of the voltage measurement signals corresponding to each second battery management module 22 by using the transmission interface 214 of the first battery management module 21, and transmit the voltage measurement signal V1 to the first battery. The microprocessor 212 of the management module 21 is managed.

Sub-step 434: sequentially, by using the microprocessor 212 of the first battery management module 21, the voltage value of the voltage measurement signal V1 in the voltage measurement signals of each second battery management module 22 and the first balance. The voltages are compared to determine whether the second battery management module 22 needs to perform a balance adjustment. If so, sub-step 435 is performed.

For example, when the voltage difference between the voltage measurement signal V1 of the first second battery management module 22 and the first balance voltage is greater than a second predetermined threshold, the first second battery management module 22 need to be charged Balance adjustment.

Sub-step 435: The microprocessor 212 of the first battery management module 21 generates a plurality of control signals, and outputs the signals to the respective corresponding battery balance adjustments via the transmission interface 214 of the first battery management module 21. Two battery management modules 22.

Sub-step 436: The second battery management module 22, which needs to perform the balance adjustment, generates a plurality of second balance control signals corresponding to each of the corresponding second control signals according to the respective control signals corresponding thereto. The battery circuits 111 of the second battery modules 12 perform battery balance adjustment (ie, passive balance adjustment) so that the power of the battery device 1 reaches equilibrium.

In this embodiment, the battery management method further includes the following steps, and when the battery management system performs charging/discharging, the battery management modules 21 and 22 further perform a battery management method to perform battery abnormality protection on the battery device 1. As shown in Figure 3, it contains the following steps:

Step 51: The first battery management module 21 is used to detect the current of the corresponding battery circuit 111 to obtain a current measurement signal, and the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 are used to detect The temperatures of the battery cells in the battery circuits 111 corresponding to each of the battery cells 111 are measured to obtain the temperature measurement signals.

Step 52: The first battery management module 21 determines the battery circuit 111 corresponding to the first battery management module 21 according to the corresponding voltage measurement signal, the current measurement signal, and the temperature measurement signals. Whether the voltage, total current and temperature are abnormal, and use the second battery management mode The group 22 determines whether the voltage and temperature of the battery circuits 111 corresponding to the respective second battery management modules 22 are abnormal according to the respective voltage measurement signals and the temperature measurement signals.

It should be particularly noted that, in step 52, the detailed process of sub-steps 521-523 is further included.

Sub-step 521: The first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 respectively compare the voltage values of the respective voltage measurement signals corresponding to the preset reference voltage values to generate The voltage information corresponding to each of the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 is determined to determine the corresponding one of the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 Whether the battery circuit 111 is in one of an overvoltage state and an undervoltage state. If yes, proceed to sub-step 531.

Sub-step 522: The first battery management module 21 compares the current value of the current measurement signal with the preset reference current value to generate current information to determine whether the battery device 1 is in an overcurrent state. If so, sub-step 532 is performed.

Sub-step 523: The first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 respectively compare the temperature values of the respective temperature measurement signals corresponding to the preset reference temperature values to generate The temperature information corresponding to each of the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 is determined to determine that the first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 correspond to each other. Whether the battery circuit 111 is in an over temperature state. If yes, proceed to sub-step 533.

Step 53: The first battery management module 21 and the second battery management module 22 perform battery abnormality protection on the corresponding battery circuits 111.

It should be particularly noted that, in step 53, the detailed process of sub-steps 531-533 is further included.

Sub-step 531: When the determination result of the sub-step 521 is YES, the battery device 1 is disconnected by using any one of the switch circuits 112 of the first battery module 11 and the second battery modules 12, The battery device 1 terminates one of charging and discharging.

Sub-step 532: When the determination result of sub-step 522 is YES, the battery device 1 is disconnected by the switch circuit 112 of the first battery module 11, so that the battery device 1 terminates one of charging and discharging.

Sub-step 533: When the determination result of the sub-step 523 is YES, the battery device 1 is disconnected by using any one of the switch circuits 112 of the first battery module 11 and the second battery modules 12, The battery device 1 terminates one of charging and discharging.

In summary, the battery management system of the present invention uses the battery management device 2 to perform battery balance adjustment and battery abnormality protection for the battery circuits 111, thereby improving the storage capacity of the battery circuits 111 and extending the use of the battery device 1. life. In addition, the monitoring personnel can monitor the total voltage of the battery device 1, the voltage of each battery unit, the total current and the temperature, and take corresponding batteries by using the voltage information, current information and the temperature information displayed by the monitoring main station 3. Abnormal protection measures to reduce the damage of the battery unit 1.

However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the patent application scope and the patent specification of the present invention are still It is within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

41~43‧‧‧Steps

421, 422‧‧‧ substeps

431~436‧‧‧substeps

Claims (7)

A battery management method is implemented by a battery management system, the battery management system comprising a battery device and a battery management device electrically connected to the battery device, the battery device being adapted to receive an external power for charging, and supplying power to the battery device The load management device includes a first battery module and a plurality of second battery modules connected in series. The battery management device includes a first battery management module and a plurality of second battery management modules, and the first battery management module Each of the second battery management modules is electrically connected to the first battery module and the second battery modules, and each of the battery modules has a battery circuit and a switch circuit connected in series. A battery circuit has a plurality of battery cells, and the battery management method includes the following steps: (A) detecting, by the battery management device, voltages of the battery modules in the battery device to obtain a plurality of voltage values respectively The voltage measurement signal, the step (A) includes the following sub-steps, (A1) utilizing the first battery management module and the second battery management module in the battery management device Measure the voltages of the battery cells of the battery modules in the first battery module and the second battery modules, and the first battery management module and the second battery management module Each of the groups obtains the corresponding voltage measurement signals; (B) using the battery management device to determine whether the battery device is balanced according to the voltage measurement signals, and the step (B) includes the following sub-steps. (B1) using the first battery management module and the second battery management module to respectively compare voltage differences of any two of the voltage measurement signals corresponding to the first voltage management signals with a first pre- Comparing the threshold values to obtain a plurality of comparison signals corresponding to the first battery management module and the second battery management modules, and (B2) using the first battery management module and the second The battery management module determines whether the power of the first battery module and the second battery modules corresponding to each of the batteries is balanced according to the corresponding comparison signals; and (C) using the battery management device to the battery The device performs a balance adjustment. The battery management method according to claim 1, wherein the step (C) comprises the following sub-steps: (C1) when the determination result of the sub-step (B2) is NO, using the first battery management module and the first The second battery management module generates a plurality of first balance control signals corresponding to each of the corresponding comparison signals; and (C2) using the first battery management module and the second battery management module according to the Corresponding to the first balance control signals corresponding to each of the first battery modules and the second battery modules corresponding to the battery devices, the battery balance circuit is adjusted, so that the battery circuit of each battery module The power of the battery cells in the batteries is balanced, and the voltage of the battery cells in the battery circuit of the first battery module corresponding to the first battery management module is adjusted. A balanced voltage. The battery management method of claim 2, wherein the step (C) further comprises the following substeps: (C3) receiving, by the first battery management module, the voltages corresponding to each of the second battery management modules Measuring a voltage measurement signal in the signal; (C4) sequentially using the first battery management module to sequentially measure the voltage value of the voltage measurement signal in the voltage measurement signals of each second battery management module Comparing with the first balancing voltage to determine whether the second battery management module needs to perform battery balance adjustment; (C5) when the determination result of the sub-step (C4) is YES, using the first battery management module to generate a plurality of control signals outputted to the respective second battery management modules corresponding to the respective battery balance adjustments; and (C6) using the second battery management modules that require the power balance adjustment according to the respective The control signals generate a plurality of second balance control signals corresponding to the respective battery circuits of the second battery modules corresponding to the respective control circuits, so that the battery devices are balanced. . The battery management method of claim 3, wherein: step (A) further detecting, by the first battery management module, a current of the battery circuit of the first battery module corresponding to the first battery management module, to obtain a a current measurement signal of the current value, and detecting, by the first battery management module and the second battery management module, the corresponding a battery module and temperatures of the battery cells in the battery circuits of the second battery modules to obtain a plurality of temperature measurement signals each having a temperature value; and step (B) also utilizing the first The battery management module determines the battery circuit of the first battery module corresponding to the first battery management module according to the corresponding voltage measurement signal, the current measurement signal, and the temperature measurement signals Whether the voltage, the total current and the temperature are abnormal, and using the second battery management module to determine the respective second battery management modules according to the respective voltage measurement signals and the temperature measurement signals Corresponding to whether the voltage and temperature of the battery circuits of the second battery modules are abnormal; and step (C) further utilizing the first battery management module and the second battery management module The first battery module and the second battery modules perform battery abnormality protection. The battery management method of claim 4, wherein the step (B) further comprises the following substeps: (B3) using the first battery management module and the second battery management module to respectively correspond to the Comparing the voltage values of the voltage measurement signals with a predetermined reference voltage value, respectively, to generate a plurality of voltage information corresponding to the first battery management module and the second battery management module, wherein The voltage information is used to determine whether the first battery module corresponding to the first battery management module and the second battery management module and the battery circuits in the second battery modules are in one One of an overvoltage condition and an undervoltage state; (B4) using the first battery management module to compare the current value of the current measurement signal with a predetermined reference current value to generate a current information related to the battery device, wherein the current information is used for Determining whether the battery device is in an overcurrent state; and (B5) using the first battery management module and the second battery management module to respectively determine the temperature values of the respective temperature measurement signals corresponding thereto Comparing a preset reference temperature value to generate a plurality of temperature information corresponding to each of the first battery management module and the second battery management module, wherein the temperature information is used for determining and managing the first battery Whether the first battery module and the battery circuits in the second battery modules corresponding to the module and the second battery management modules are in an over temperature state. The battery management method of claim 5, wherein the battery management device further comprises a communication module electrically connected to the first and second battery management modules, and a monitoring main station electrically connected to the communication module, The battery management method further includes the following steps: (D) using the communication module to receive the voltage information, the current information, and the temperature information, and generating a voltage information, the current information, and the like The communication signal of the temperature information; and (E) receiving the communication signal by the monitoring main station, and displaying the voltage information, the current information and the temperature information for monitoring. The battery management method according to claim 5, wherein the step (C) further comprises the following substeps: (C7) determining whether the sub-step (B3) is in the over-voltage state and the under-voltage state, and using the first battery module and the switches of the second battery modules Any switching circuit in the circuit to disconnect the battery device such that the battery device terminates one of charging and discharging; (C8) when the sub-step (B4) is in the overcurrent state, the determination result is yes, The switching circuit of the first battery module disconnects the battery device such that the battery device terminates one of charging and discharging; and (C9) the determination result of whether the sub-step (B5) is in the over-temperature state Therefore, the battery device is disconnected by using any one of the switching circuits of the first battery module and the second battery modules, so that the battery device terminates one of charging and discharging.