TWI542362B - 顏色改變組成物 - Google Patents
顏色改變組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI542362B TWI542362B TW101147332A TW101147332A TWI542362B TW I542362 B TWI542362 B TW I542362B TW 101147332 A TW101147332 A TW 101147332A TW 101147332 A TW101147332 A TW 101147332A TW I542362 B TWI542362 B TW I542362B
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- weight
- soluble film
- cellulose
- brushing
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Description
本文敘述口腔護理組成物,其包含抗菌劑及包含於足夠之刷牙期間後提供顏色改變訊號之顏料的可溶性薄膜,其中,該潔牙劑基質具有水活性低於0.78且包含為游離或鹽形式之陰離子聚合物為以該潔牙劑基質之10-25%按重量計之量,及低於3重量%之陰離子表面活化劑;以及製造及使用該組成物之方法。
一般係建議兒童應刷牙達至少45-60秒鐘,且成人達至少90至120秒鐘。大多數人,尤其是兒童,其等未達一段足夠的刷牙時間以獲得最大利益,且再者刷牙所需之時間很難準確地估計。
仍需要用來鼓勵使用者刷牙達一段長時間之經改良,便於消費者之產品及方法。
本案發明人業已發現顏色改變之時間選擇可經由薄膜(組成物&厚度)調整而於指定之時間發生,以便對業已進行足夠刷牙時間之消費者提供視覺訊號。然而,所面臨之挑戰之一是如何使該薄膜穩定,以便其等不溶於潔牙劑中,但當曝露於水及刷牙動作中時溶解。於典型之潔牙劑中,該薄膜於2-4天內破裂而使顏料於該潔牙劑內滲出。具有水活性高於0.78之
牙膏配方於長時間後顯示明顯的薄膜不穩定性。然而,具有水活性低於0.78之組成物於超過二個月仍穩定。使用實驗設計方案來評估各種因素對薄膜穩定性之影響。於配製物中,較高之陰離子聚合物濃度可提升穩定性。另一方面,陰離子表面活化劑如月桂基硫酸鈉於穩定性上具有意料不到之有害影響,且濃度必須予以控制以確保可接受之穩定性。
本發明係提供最佳化之潔牙劑組成物,其包含潔牙劑基質且於足夠之刷牙期間後提供顏色改變訊號之可溶薄膜,其中,該潔牙劑基質具有水活性低於0.78且包含該潔牙劑基質之10-25%按重量計,例如10-20%%之陰離子聚合物鹽,及低於3%按重量計,例如,1-2%之陰離子表面活化劑。本發明進一步提供該組成物之製造及使用之方法。
本發明之適用性的其他領域可由下文所提供之詳細說明而變得顯而易見。應瞭解當指明本發明之較佳具體實例時,該詳細的說明及特定之實例意欲用於闡明之目的且並非意欲限制本發明之範圍。
下列較佳具體實例之說明僅性質上示範且絕非意欲用來限制本發明,其之應用,或用途。
因此於第一個具體實例中,本發明係提供潔牙劑組成物(組成物1),其包含潔牙劑基質及包含含有於足夠之刷牙期間後提供顏色改變訊號之顏料的可溶性薄膜,其中,該潔牙劑基質具有水活性低於0.78及包含游離或鹽形式之陰離子聚合物為該潔牙劑基質之10-25重量%,例如10-20%,及陰離子表面活性劑為低於3重量%,例如1-2%。例如,
1.1.組成物1,其中該陰離子聚合物為陰離子聚合性聚羧酸酯,例如,順式丁烯二酸酐或酸與另一個可聚合性乙烯系
不飽和單體之1:4至4:1共聚物,例如甲基乙烯基醚/順式丁烯二酸酐,其具有分子量(M.W.)約30,000至約1,000,000,例如約30,000至約800,000,任意地部份或完全為口腔可接受之鹼加成鹽形式,例如鈉、鉀或銨鹽形式。
1.2.組成物1進一步包含有效量之氟化物,例如,其中該氟化物係選自於氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、氟化鉀、單氟磷酸鈉、氟矽酸鈉、氟矽酸銨、氟化胺(例如,N'-十八基三亞甲基二胺-N,N,N'-參(2-乙醇)-二氫氟化物)、氟化銨、氟化鈦、六氟硫酸鹽之鹽,及其組合;
1.3.任何前述之組成物,其中,該薄膜之1”x 1”小塊(swatch)放置於水中,於室溫時,於小於5分鐘,於不攪動下不會崩解且釋放活性物於水中;
1.4.任何前述之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含纖維素醚,例如選自於(i)烷基纖維素,例如甲基纖維素;(ii)羥基烷基纖維素,例如選自於羥基丙基甲基纖維素、羥基乙基丙基纖維素、羥基丁基甲基纖維素、羥基丙基甲基纖維素、羧基甲基纖維素及其混合物;及(iii)其混合物;
1.5.任何前述之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含澱粉,例如預膠化澱粉;
1.6.任何前述之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含塑化劑,例如多元醇,例如山梨糖醇、丙二醇、甘油,或低分子量聚乙二醇,例如,PEG 200;
1.7.任何前述之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含丙二醇,例如以提供塑性至該薄膜之有效量,例如約20-30%,以該薄膜之乾重計;
1.8.任何前述之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含非離子表面活化劑或乳化劑,例如聚山梨糖醇酯,例如,聚山梨糖醇酯80(亦稱為聚氧化乙烯(20)山梨糖醇酐一油酸酯,其係
市售可得,例如Tween® 80),例如以約1-5%之數量,以該薄膜之乾重計;
1.9.任何前述之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜係包含顏料;例如紅色顏料例如D&C紅30(D&G Red 30)、綠色顏料例如顏料綠7(Pigment Green 7)、藍色顏料例如酞青素,例如顏料藍15(Pigment Blue 15),或任何此等顏料之組合物;
1.10.任何前述之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜實質上係於水存在下刷牙、洗滌或攪動大於30秒及小於180秒之期間後溶解;
1.11.任何前述之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜之平均厚度為1-4密耳,例如1.5-3密耳,例如約1.5密耳或約3密耳;
1.12.任何前述之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜係以該薄膜之乾重計包含20-60%纖維素醚,其係選自於甲基纖維素、羥基丙基甲基纖維素,及其混合物;10-30%丙二醇;1-5%聚山梨糖醇酯80;及15-55%顏料;
1.13.任何前述之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜係為薄膜碎片之形式,例如,規則或不規則之形狀或薄片;
1.14.任何前述之組成物,其中,該潔牙劑基質為透明凝膠;
1.15.任何前述之組成物,其包含以游離或口腔可接受之鹽形式的1-精胺酸;
1.16.任何前述之組成物,其包含緩衝劑,例如,磷酸鈉緩衝劑(例如,一鹼式磷酸鈉及磷酸二鈉);
1.17.任何前述之組成物,其包含濕潤劑,例如選自於甘油、山梨糖醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、木糖醇,及其混合物,例如40-70%,例如45-65%;
1.18.任何前面的組成物,其進一步包含磨料或微粒;
1.19.上一個組成物,其中,該黏著劑或微粒係選自於碳酸氫鈉、磷酸鈣(例如,磷酸二鈣二水合物)、硫酸鈣、沉澱碳
酸鈣、矽石(例如,水合矽石)、氧化鐵、氧化鋁、珍珠岩、塑膠粒子,例如聚乙烯,及其組合;
1.20.任何前面的組成物,其包含磨料以該組成物總重量之約15重量%至約70重量%之量;
1.21.任何前面的組成物,其包含一種或多種表面活化劑,例如選自於陰離子性、陽離子性、兩性離子的,及非離子性表面活化劑,及其混合物,例如包含陰離子表面活化劑,例如選自於月桂基硫酸鈉、月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯鈉(sodium ether lauryl sulfate)之表面活化劑,及其混合物;
1.22.任何前面的組成物,除了陰離子聚合物其進一步包含至少一種聚合物,例如選自於聚乙二醇、多糖(例如纖維素衍生物,例如羧基甲基纖維素,或多糖膠,例如黃原膠或角叉菜膠),及其組合;
1.23.任何前面的組成物,其進一步包含調味料、香氣及/或著色劑;
1.24.任何前述之組成物,其包含一種或多種抗菌劑例如包含選自於鹵化二苯醚(例如三氯生(triclosan))、草藥萃出物及精油類(例如,迷迭香萃出物、茶萃出物、木蘭萃出物、百里酚、醇、桉樹腦、香葉草醇、香旱芹酚、檸檬醛、β-檜酚醇(hinokitol)、兒茶酚、水楊酸甲酯、表沒食子兒茶素沒食子酸酯、表沒食子兒茶酚、沒食子酸、薩爾瓦多拉桃(miswak)萃出物、沙棘萃出物)、雙胍(bisguanide)防腐劑(例如,氯己啶(chlorhexidine)、阿來西啶(alexidine)或奥替尼啶(Octenidine))、四級銨化合物(例如,十六基吡啶正離子氯化物(CPC)、氯化烷基二甲基苄基銨、十四基吡啶正離子氯化物(TPC)、N-十四基-4-乙基吡啶正離子氯化物(TDEPC))、酚防腐劑、海克替啶(hexetidine)、奥替尼啶(octenidine)、血根鹼、聚維酮碘(povidone)混合物、地莫品諾(delmopinol)、沙利弗(salifluor)、金屬離子(例如鋅鹽,例如檸檬酸鋅、亞錫鹽、銅鹽、鐵鹽)、血根鹼、蜂膠及產
氧劑(oxygenating agents)(例如過氧化氫、緩衝過氧硼酸鈉或過氧碳酸鈉)、酞酸及其之鹽、單鄰苯二羧酸(monoperthalic acid)及其之鹽及酯、抗壞血酸硬脂酸酯、油醯基肌胺酸、烷基硫酸酯、二辛基磺基琥珀酸酯、柳醯胺苯、度米氛溴化物(domiphen bromide)、地莫品諾、辛哌醇(octapinol)及其他N-六氫吡啶基衍生物、尼辛(nicin)製劑、亞氯酸鹽之抗菌劑;及任何前述者之混合物;例如包含三氯生或十六基吡啶正離子氯化物;
1.25.任何前面的組成物,其進一步包含增白劑,例如選自由下列所組成之群組:過氧化物、金屬亞氯酸鹽、過硼酸鹽、過碳酸鹽、過氧酸、次氯酸鹽,及其組合;
1.26.任何前面的組成物,其進一步包含過氧化氫或過氧化氫來源,例如過氧化脲或過氧化物鹽或錯合物(例如過氧磷酸鹽、過氧碳酸鹽、過硼酸鹽、過氧矽酸鹽,或過硫酸鹽;例如過氧磷酸鈣、過硼酸鈉、碳酸鈉過氧化物、過氧磷酸鈉,及過硫酸鉀);
1.27.任何前面的組成物,其進一步包含鈣及磷酸鹽之來源選自於(i)鈣-玻璃錯合物,例如磷矽酸鈣鈉,及(ii)鈣-蛋白質錯合物,例如酪蛋白磷胜肽-無定形磷酸鈣;
1.28.任何前面的組成物,其進一步包含可溶性鈣鹽,例如選自於硫酸鈣、氯化鈣、硝酸鈣、醋酸鈣、乳酸鈣,及其組合;
1.29.任何前面的組成物,其進一步包含以有效減輕牙質敏感性量之生理上可接受的鉀鹽,例如硝酸鉀或氯化鉀;
1.30.任何前面的組成物,其進一步包含口氣清新劑、香氣或香料;
1.31.任何前面的組成物,施用至口腔後(例如用刷牙)有效於(i)抑制微生物之生物膜於口腔中形成,(ii)降低牙菌斑累積,(iii)降低或抑制牙齒之去礦化且促進再礦化作用,(iv)降低牙齒之過敏症,(v)降低或抑制牙齦炎,(vi)促進口中痛處或傷口之癒合,(vii)降低產酸細菌之含量,(viii)增
加非致骨疽或齲齒及/或非牙菌斑形成細菌之相對含量,(ix)降低或抑制齲齒形成,(x)降低、修復或抑制琺瑯質之齲齒前病灶,例如藉由定量光學螢光法(QLF)或電動齲齒測定(ECM)所偵測者,(xi)治療、緩解或降低口乾,(xii)清潔牙齒及口腔,(xiii)降低侵蝕,(xiv)增白牙齒;及/或(xv)促進全身健康,包括心血管健康,例如降低經由口腔組織之全身性感染之可能性;
1.32.組成物,其係藉由結合任何前面的組成物中所述之組成份而得到或可得到者;
1.33.任何前面的組成物,其進一步包含有效量之選自於氟化物、呈游離或口腔上可接受之鹽形式之1-精胺酸、抗菌劑、抗發炎化合物,及增白劑之添加劑;
1.34.任何前面的組成物其進一步包含一種或多種之一種或多種水、磨料、表面活化劑、起泡劑、維生素、聚合物、酵素、濕潤劑、增稠劑、抗微生物劑、防腐劑、調味劑、著色劑及/或其組合;
1.35.任何前面的組成物,其中,該潔牙劑基質係包含下列之組成份(重量百分比):
於某些具體實例中,該顏料實質上全部係於同一時間釋放。本文中所用之“實質上全部”一詞係指大於90%之包含於該薄膜中之顏料總量。於某些具體實例中,該薄膜於特定之時間點釋放至少90%之包含於其中之顏料總量。於某些具體實例中,該薄膜於指定之時間點釋放大於90%之包含於其中之顏料總量。於某些具體實例中,該薄膜於指定之時間點釋放至少91%之包含於其中之顏料總量。於某些具體實例中,該薄膜於指定之時間點釋放至少95%之包含於其中之顏料總量。於某些具體實例中,該薄膜於指定之時間點第一次釋放至少96%之包含於其中之顏料總量。於某些具體實例中,該薄膜於指定之時間點釋放至少97%之包含於其中之顏料總量。於某些具體實例中,該薄膜於指定之時間點釋放至少98%之包含於其中之顏料總量。於某些具體實例中,該薄膜於指定之時間點釋放至少99%之包含於其中之顏料總量。
本發明進一步提供方法,其係用於(i)抑制微生物之生物膜於口腔中形成,(ii)降低牙菌斑累積,(iii)降低或抑制牙齒之去礦化且促進再礦化作用,(iv)降低牙齒之過敏症,(v)降低或抑制牙齦炎,(vi)促進口中之痛處或傷口癒合,(vii)降低產酸細菌之含量,(viii)增加非致骨疽或齲齒及/或非牙菌斑形成細菌之相對含量,(ix)降低或抑制齲齒形成,(x)降低、修復或抑制琺瑯質之齲齒前病灶,例如藉由定量光學螢光法(QLF)或電動齲齒測定(ECM)所偵測者,(xi)治療、緩解或降低口乾,(xii)清潔牙齒及口腔,(xiii)降低侵蝕,(xiv)增白牙齒;及/或(xv)促進全身性健康,包括心血管健康,例如降低經由口腔組織之全身性感染的可能性;其包括將有效量之任何組成物1以及下列者等施用至該口腔。
本發明進一步提供清潔牙齒的方法,其包括用根據組成物1以及下列者等之潔牙劑刷牙,其中,刷牙係持續直
到該薄膜崩解且該顏料對適當刷牙之使用者提供顏色訊號,例如,其中該刷牙時間於該薄膜基質溶解前為介於30及180秒之間,例如於兒童使用之牙膏中約45-60秒及於成人使用之牙膏中約90-120秒。
口腔可接受的 :本發明之組成物係意欲於口中局部使用,因此,使用於本發明中之組份應為口腔可接受的,亦即,以所提供之數量及濃度安全地於口中局部使用。
鹽形式 :本發明之組成物意欲於口中局部使用,因此,使用於本發明中之鹽應為口腔可接受的,亦即,以所提供之數量及濃度安全地於口中局部使用。適當的鹽包括已知於此方面技藝中為製藥上可接受的鹽之鹽類,一般係認為將其等以所提供之數量及濃度用於此目的係口腔可接受的。
水活性 :水活性或aw係與各種非水性成份與固態物間之結合有關,且係水於系統中之能量狀態的度量。其係定義於相同溫度下,將液體之蒸氣壓除以純水者;因此,純蒸餾的水具有恰為1之水活性。因此,水的總含量與水活性有關,但亦被存在之化合物如濕潤劑所影響,其強烈地與水相互作用且降低該組成物之蒸氣壓。
活性劑 :本文中所使用之活性組成份的有效濃度將依所使用之特別試劑及輸送系統而定,且不管該配製物係意欲供一般消費者使用或係被牙醫所用。該濃度亦將依所選擇之活性物之確切形式而定。例如,當該活性劑係以鹽形式提供時,該平衡離子將影響該鹽之重量,這樣,若該平衡離子較重,於最終產物中將需要更多以重量計之鹽來提供相同之活性離子濃度。若精胺酸存在時,其可以由例如約0.1至約20重量%(以游離鹼之重量表示),例如於消費者牙膏時約1至約10重量%或於專業或處方治療產物時約7至約20重量%之含量存在。當氟化物存在時,其可以例如約25至約25,000 ppm,例如於漱口劑時約25至約250 ppm,於消費者牙膏時約750至約2,000 ppm,或於專業或處方治療產物時約2,000至約25,000 ppm之含量存
在。抗菌劑之含量係類似地變化。例如,三氯生牙膏可含有約0.3重量%三氯生。
氟化物離子來源 :該口腔護理組成物可進一步包含一種或多種氟化物離子來源,例如可溶氟化物鹽。於本發明之組成物中可使用各種不同的氟化物離子產生物質作為可溶氟化物之來源。適當氟化物離子產生物質之實例係發現於美國專利案號3,535,421,頒給Briner等人;美國專利案號4,885,155,頒給Parran,Jr.等人及美國專利案號3,678,154,頒給Widder等人之中,其係併入本文中參考。代表性氟化物離子來源包括,但不侷限於,氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、氟化鉀、單氟磷酸鈉、氟矽酸鈉、氟矽酸銨、氟化胺、氟化銨,及其組合。於特定具體實例中,該氟化物離子來源包括氟化亞錫、氟化鈉、單氟磷酸鈉以及其混合物。於特定具體實例中,本發明之口腔護理組成物亦可含有以足夠供應約25 ppm至約25,000 ppm,通常至少約500 ppm,例如約500至約2000 ppm,例如約1000至約1600 ppm,例如約1450 ppm氟化物離子之量的氟化物離子來源或提供氟之組成份。氟化物之適當含量將依特別之施用而定。例如,漱口水係典型地具有約100至約250 ppm氟化物。牙膏,於一般消費者使用時係典型地具有約1000至約1500 ppm,兒童牙膏之含量稍微少些。專業應用之潔牙劑或塗層可多達約5,000或甚至約25,000 ppm氟化物。氟化物離子來源可加至本發明之組成物中,於一個具體實例中以約0.01重量%至約10重量%之含量或於另一個具體實例中約0.03重量%至約5重量%,且於另一個具體實例中約0.1重量%至約1重量%,以該組成物之重量計。提供適當氟化物離子含量之氟化物鹽的重量將顯然根據該鹽中之平衡離子之重量而變化。
磨料 :本發明之組成物,例如組成物1以及下列者等可包含磷酸鈣磨料,例如,磷酸三鈣(Ca3(PO4)2)、羥基磷灰石(Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2),或磷酸二鈣二水合物(CaHPO4.2H2O,本文中有時亦稱為DiCal)或焦磷酸鈣。該組成物可包括一種或多
種另外的磨料,例如矽石磨料如具有平均粒子尺寸多至約20微米之沉澱矽石,如Zeodent 115®,其係由J.M.Huber銷售。其他有用之磨料亦包括偏磷酸鈉、偏磷酸鉀、矽酸鋁、煅燒礬土、膨潤土或其他矽質材料,或其組合。有用於本文中之矽石磨蝕性拋光材料,以及其他磨料,通常具有平均粒子尺寸範圍於約0.1及約30微米間,約於5及約15微米間。該矽石磨料可來自沉澱矽石或矽石凝膠,如矽石乾凝膠,其係描述於美國專利案號3,538,230,頒給Padar等人及美國專利案號3,862,307頒給Digiulio,二者係併入本文中參考。特別之矽石乾凝膠係以商品名Syloid®由W.R.Grace & Co.,Davison Chemical Division銷售。該沉澱矽石材料包括那些由J.M.Huber公司以商品名稱Zeodent®銷售者,其包括帶有命名Zeodent 115及119之矽石。此等矽石磨料係說明於美國專利案號4,340,583,頒給Wason,其係併入本文中參考。於特定具體實例中,有用於根據本發明之口腔護理組成物中實行之磨蝕材料包括矽膠及沉澱無定形矽石,其具有油吸收值範圍小於約100毫升/100克矽石,且於約45毫升/100克至約70毫升/100克矽石之範圍中。油吸收值係使用ASTA擦去法D281來測定。於特定具體實例中,該矽石為具有平均粒子尺寸約3微米至約12微米,及約5至約10微米之膠體粒子。低油吸收矽石磨料特別有用於本發明之實行中者係以商業命名Sylodent XWA®由W.R.Grace & Co.,Davison Chemical Division(巴地摩爾市,Md.21203)銷售。Sylodent 650 XWA®係由具有水含量29重量%,直徑平均約7至約10微米,且矽石之油吸收小於約70毫升/100克之膠態矽石之粒子所組成之矽石水凝膠,其為有用於本發明實行中之低油吸收矽石磨料之實例。該磨料係以約10至約60%按重量之濃度存在於本發明之口腔護理組成物中,於其他具體實例中約按重量20至約45%,且於另一個具體實例中約按重量30至約50%。
增加泡沫量之試劑 :本發明之口腔護理組成物亦可包括增加泡沫量之試劑,其係於口腔被刷時產生。增加泡沫
量之試劑的闡明性實例包括,但不侷限於聚氧化乙烯及特定聚合物包括,但不侷限於,藻酸鹽聚合物。該聚氧化乙烯可增加由本發明之口腔護理載體組份所產生之泡沫的量及泡沫的厚度。聚氧化乙烯亦俗稱為聚乙二醇("PEG")或聚乙烯氧化物。適合於本發明之聚氧化乙烯將具有分子量約200,000至約7,000,000。於一個具體實例中,該分子量為約600,000至約2,000,000且於另一個具體實例中約800,000至約1,000,000。Polyox®為商品名,其為Union Carbide所生產之高分子量聚氧化乙烯。該聚氧化乙烯可以本發明之口腔護理組成物之口腔護理載體組份之約1%至約90%,於一個具體實例中約5%至約50%且於另一個具體實例中約10%至約20%按重量之數量存在。於該口腔護理組成物中之起泡劑的劑量(亦即,單一劑量)為約按重量0.01至約0.9%,約按重量0.05至約0.5%,且於另一個具體實例中約按重量0.1至約0.2%。
表面活化劑 :有用於本發明中之組成物可含有陰離子表面活化劑,例如i.高級脂肪酸單甘油酯單硫酸酯之水溶性鹽,如氫化椰子油脂肪酸之單硫酸酯化單甘油酯之鈉鹽,如N-甲基N-椰醯基牛磺酸鈉、椰基單甘油酯硫酸鈉(sodium cocomonoglyceride sulfate),ii.高級烷基硫酸鹽,如月桂基硫酸鈉,iii.高級烷基-醚硫酸鹽,例如,式CH3(CH2)mCH2(OCH2CH2)nOSO3X,其中,m為6-16,例如10,n為1-6,例如2、3或4,且X為Na或K,例如第十二烷基聚氧乙醚-2硫酸鈉(sodium laureth-2 sulfate)(CH3(CH2)10CH2(OCH2CH2)2OSO3Na),iv.高級烷基芳基磺酸鹽,如十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(月桂基苯磺酸鈉),v.高級烷基磺基醋酸鹽,如月桂基磺基醋酸鈉(十二基磺基醋酸鈉)、1,2二羥基丙烷磺酸酯之高級脂肪酸酯、磺基椰基月桂酸酯(sulfocolaurate)(N-2-乙基月桂酸酯鉀磺基乙醯胺)及月桂
基肌胺酸鈉。
“高級烷基”係指例如C6-30烷基。於特別之具體實例中,該陰離子表面活化劑係選自於月桂基硫酸鈉及月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯鈉。該陰離子表面活化劑可以有效之數量存在,例如該配製物之按重量>0.01%,但不是以會刺激口腔組織之濃度,例如<10%,且最佳之濃度係依特別配製物及特別表面活化劑而定。例如,所使用或漱口水之濃度典型地係在牙膏使用之十分之一的程度。於一個具體實例中,該陰離子表面活化劑係以由約按重量0.3%至約4.5%,例如約1.5%存在於牙膏中。本發明之組成物可任意地含有表面活化劑之混合物,例如,其包含陰離子表面活化劑及其他表面活化劑,其可為陰離子性、陽離子性、兩性離子的或非離子性者。通常,表面活化劑為合理地於整個廣大之pH範圍內穩定之該等者。表面活化劑係更詳細地說明於,例如,美國專利案號3,959,458,頒給Agricola等人;美國專利案號3,937,807,頒給Haefele;及美國專利案號4,051,234,頒給Gieske等人,其係併入本文中參考。於特定具體實例中,有用於本文中之陰離子表面活化劑包括烷基硫酸酯之水溶性鹽,其於烷基中具有約10至約18個碳原子及具有約10至約18個碳原子之脂肪酸之磺化單甘油酯的水溶性鹽。月桂基硫酸鈉、月桂醯肌胺酸鈉及椰基(coconut)單甘油酯磺酸鈉為該類型陰離子表面活化劑之實例。於特別之具體實例中,本發明之組成物例如組成物1以及下列者等係包含月桂基硫酸鈉。
表面活化劑或相容表面活化劑之混合物可存在於本發明之組成物中,以該總組成物按重量之約0.1%至約5.0%,於另一個具體實例中約0.3%至約3.0%且於另一個具體實例中約0.5%至約2.0%。
調味劑 :本發明之口腔護理組成物亦可包含調味劑。使用於本發明實行中之調味劑包括,但不侷限於,精油以及各種香味醛、酯、醇及類似物質。精油之實例包括綠薄荷、薄荷、鹿蹄草、黃樟、丁香、鼠尾草、桉樹、馬鬱蘭、肉桂、
檸檬、萊姆、葡萄柚,及柳橙之油。亦有用者為此等化學品如醇、香旱芹酮,及茴香腦。特定具體實例係採用薄荷及綠薄荷之油。該調味劑可,以約0.1至約5重量%及約0.5至約1.5重量%之濃度併入該口腔組成物中。於個人口腔護理組成物劑量中之調味劑的劑量(亦即,單一劑量)為約0.001至0.05重量%且於另一個具體實例中約0.005至約0.015重量%。
聚合物 :本發明之口腔護理組成物,除了陰離子聚合物外,亦任意地包括一種或多種聚合物,如聚乙二醇、多糖(例如,纖維素衍生物,例如羧基甲基纖維素,或多糖膠,例如黃原膠或角叉菜膠)。
陰離子聚合物包括聚合性聚羧酸酯,如順式丁烯二酸酐或酸與另一個可聚合乙烯系不飽和單體之1:4至4:1共聚物,較佳為甲基乙烯基醚/順式丁烯二酸酐具有分子量(M.W.)約30,000至約1,000,000,最佳為約30,000至約800,000。此等共聚物可例如以Gantrez取得。例如,AN 139(M.W.500,000)、AN 119(M.W.250,000)且較佳為S-97醫藥等級(M.W.700,000)可得自於ISP Technologies,Inc.(Bound Brook,紐約州08805)。其他有用之陰離子聚合物包括如順式丁烯二酸酐與丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羥基乙酯、N-乙烯基-2-吡咯啶酮(pyrollidone),或乙烯之1:1共聚物,後者可例如取自孟山都EMA 1103號、M.W.10,000及EMA等級61,及丙烯酸與甲基丙烯酸甲酯或甲基丙烯酸羥基乙酯、丙烯酸甲酯或丙烯酸乙酯、異丁基乙烯基醚或N-乙烯基-2-吡咯啶酮之1:1共聚物。一般適當者為含有經活化之碳對碳烯雙鍵及至少一個羧基之聚合化烯屬或乙烯系不飽和羧酸,亦即,含有烯雙鍵的酸,因為其係以相對於羧基之α-β位或以末端伸甲基基團之一部分存在於單體分子中而易於聚合作用中起作用。此等酸之闡明例為丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、乙基丙烯酸、α-氯丙烯酸、巴豆酸、β-丙烯醯氧基丙酸、山梨酸、α-氯山梨酸、肉桂酸、β-苯乙烯基丙烯酸、黏康酸、衣康酸、檸康酸(citraconic)、中康酸(mesaconic)、戊烯二酸、烏頭酸、α-苯基
丙烯酸、2-苄基丙烯酸、2-環己基丙烯酸、白芷酸、繖形酸(umbellic)、反式丁烯二酸、順式丁烯二酸及酸酐。可與此等羧酸單體共聚合之其他不同烯屬單體包括乙烯基醋酸酯、氯乙烯、順式丁烯二酸二甲酯等。共聚物含有足夠羧酸鹽基團於水溶解度。另一類聚合劑包括含有經取代之丙烯醯胺的均聚物及/或不飽和磺酸之均聚物及其鹽的組成物,特別當聚合物係以選自於基於丙烯醯胺基鏈烷(acrylamidoalykane)磺酸如2-丙烯醯胺2甲基丙烷磺酸、具有分子量約1,000至約2,000,000之不飽和磺酸者,其係描述於美國專利案號4,842,847,1989年6月27日頒給Zahid,其係併入本文中參考。另一個有用的聚合劑種類包括含有陰離子表面活性胺基酸之聚胺基酸如天門冬胺酸、麩胺酸及磷絲胺酸(phosphoserine)之比例者,例如於美國專利案號4,866,161Sikes等人所揭示者,其係併入本文中參考。
於製備口腔護理組成物中,有的時候需要添加增稠之物質以提供想要的稠度或用來穩定或增進該配製物之效能。於特定具體實例中,該增稠劑為羧基乙烯基聚合物、角叉菜、羥基乙基纖維素及纖維素醚之水溶性鹽如羧基甲基纖維素鈉及羧基甲基羥基乙基纖維素鈉。天然膠如刺梧桐(Karaya)、阿拉伯樹膠及黃蓍膠亦可併入。膠態矽酸鋁鎂或完好分散之矽石可用作為該增稠組成物之組份以進一步改良該組成物之質地。於特定具體實例中,增稠劑係以該總組成物之約0.5%至約5.0%按重量之量使用。
酵素 :本發明之口腔護理組成物亦可任意地包括一種或多種酵素。有用的酵素包括任何可取得之蛋白酶、葡聚糖水解酶(glucanohydrolases)、內切糖苷酶(endoglycosidases)、澱粉酶、異變酶(mutanases)、脂肪酶及黏蛋白酶(mucinase)或其相容之混合物。於特定具體實例中,該酵素為蛋白酶、葡聚糖酶、內切糖苷酶及異變酶。於另一個具體實例中,該酵素為木瓜蛋白酶、內切糖苷酶或葡聚糖酶及異變酶之混合物。適當用於本發明中之另外的酵素係揭示於美國專利案號5,000,939頒給
Dring等人,美國專利案號4,992,420;美國專利案號4,355,022;美國專利案號4,154,815;美國專利案號4,058,595;美國專利案號3,991,177;及美國專利案號3,696,191中,其全部併入本文中參考。於本發明中多種相容酵素混合物之酵素於一個具體實例中構成約0.002%至約2.0%或於另一個具體實例中約0.05%至約1.5%或於還有另一個具體實例中約0.1%至約0.5%。
水 :水亦可存在於本發明之口腔組成物中。使用於商用口腔組成物之製劑中的水應為去離子水且不含有機雜質。該水的量應足夠低而不會提供大於上述極限之水活性。
濕潤劑 :於該口腔組成物之特定具體實例內,亦希望併入濕潤劑以防止該組成物於曝露空氣中時變硬。部分濕潤劑亦可給予潔牙劑組成物合意之甜味或香味。該濕潤劑,以純濕潤劑為基準,於一個具體實例中通常包括以潔牙劑組成物按重量之約15%至約70%,或於另一個具體實例中約30%至約65%。適當之濕潤劑包括可食多元醇如甘油、山梨糖醇、木糖醇、丙二醇以及其他聚醇及此等濕潤劑之混合物。本文中,甘油與山梨糖醇之混合物可於特定具體實例中用作為牙膏組成物之濕潤劑組份。
其他任意之組成份 :除了上述組份,本發明之具體實例可含有多種任意之潔牙劑組成份,其中一些說明於下。任意之組成份包括,例如,但不侷限於,黏著劑、皂泡劑(sudsing agents)、調味劑、甜化劑、另外的抗牙菌斑劑、磨料,及著色劑。此等及其他任意之組份進一步說明於美國專利案號5,004,597,頒給Majeti;美國專利案號3,959,458,頒給Agricola等及美國專利案號3,937,807,頒給Haefele,其全部內容合併於本文中參考。
如全文中所使用者,範圍係用簡記方式來說明該範圍內之各個及每一個數值。於該範圍內之任何數值可選擇作為該範圍之終點。此外,本文中所引用之所有的參考文件,其等之全部內容合併於本文中作為參考。萬一於本發明揭示內容
中之定義與所引證之參考者發生衝突,則以本發明之揭示內容為主。
除非另有指明,於本文中及於本說明書中任何地方所表達之所有的百分比及量應瞭解係指重量百分比。所給定之量係以該物質之活性重量計。
原型薄膜係藉著將顏料包覆於可溶性聚合物薄膜中而發展。於刷牙時該薄膜由水而溶脹且崩解釋放該顏料且因此當刷牙完成時發生顏色改變而指示消費者。該薄膜之一用途係用於併入透明凝膠牙膏中,其於預定之刷牙時間,例如,於兒童時為45-60秒且於成人時為90-120秒後,對該消費者提供顏色改變訊號。
用於原型薄膜之組成物列述於表1中:
然後將該薄膜於具有不同含量之賦形劑之各種牙膏凝膠配製物中試驗穩定性。
於典型的潔牙劑中,該薄膜於2-4天內破裂而任由顏料於該潔牙劑內滲出。意外發現具有水活性0.78或較高之牙膏配方於長時間時顯示明顯之薄膜不穩定性,而那些具有較低之水活性者於超過至少二個月仍穩定。
將各種其他因素進行評估其等於薄膜穩定性上之影響。當陰離子聚合物(Gantrez®)之含量增加至實質上高於一般者時,穩定性令人驚奇地提高。陰離子表面活化劑(月桂基硫酸鈉)證明於穩定性上具有意料不到之不利影響,雖仍存在可接受之穩定性。
穩定及不穩定潔牙配製物之實例顯示於表2中(量係以組成物之重量百分比給定)。
Claims (15)
- 一種口腔護理組成物,其包含抗菌劑;及包含於足夠之刷牙期間後提供顏色改變訊號之顏料的可溶性薄膜,其中該潔牙劑基質具有水活性低於0.78及包含:為游離或鹽形式之陰離子聚合物,其為順式丁烯二酸酐或酸與另一個可聚合乙烯系不飽和單體之1:4至4:1共聚物,其為該潔牙劑基質之10-25%按重量之量;潔牙劑基質之10-18重量%之量的山梨糖醇;及低於潔牙劑基質之3重量%之量的陰離子表面活化劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中,該陰離子聚合物為甲基乙烯基醚/順式丁烯二酸酐共聚物具有分子量(M.W.)約30,000至約1,000,000,其任意地部份或完全呈口腔可接受之鹼加成鹽形式。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其進一步包含有效量之氟化物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其中,該薄膜之1”x 1”小塊(swatch)放置於水中,於室溫時,於小於5分鐘,於不攪動下不會崩解及釋放活性物於水中。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含纖維素醚,其係選自於(i)烷基纖維素;(ii)羥基烷基纖維素;及(iii)其混合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含澱粉。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含塑化劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含丙二醇。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含聚山梨糖醇酯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜實質上係於水存在下刷牙、洗滌或攪動大於30秒及小於180秒之期間後溶解。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜係包含以該薄膜之乾重計20-60%選自於甲基纖維素、羥基丙基甲基纖維素,及其混合物之纖維素醚;10-30%丙二醇;1-5%聚山梨糖醇酯80;及15-55%顏料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其包含選自於:甘油、山梨糖醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、木糖醇,及其二種或多種之組合之濕潤劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之組成物,其進一步包含磨料。
- 如申請專利範圍第第1或2項之組成物,其中,該可溶性薄膜包含纖維素醚,其係選自於(i)選自於甲基纖維素的烷基纖維素;(ii)選自於羥基丙基甲基纖維素、羥基乙基丙基纖維素、羥基丁基甲基纖維素、羥基丙基甲基纖維素、羧基甲基纖維素及其混合物的羥基烷基纖維素。
- 一種清潔牙齒的方法,其包括用如申請專利範圍第1-14項中任一項之組成物刷牙,其中刷牙係持續進行直到該薄膜崩解且該顏料對適當刷牙之使用者提供顏色訊號。
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| IN2013DE03736A (zh) | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-26 | Colgate Palmolive Co | |
| EP3223785B1 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2021-07-21 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral composition for tooth whitening |
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| EP2790649B1 (en) | 2017-02-15 |
| TW201338788A (zh) | 2013-10-01 |
| BR112014014629B1 (pt) | 2018-03-27 |
| CA2858042A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
| WO2013089761A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
| MX346346B (es) | 2017-03-14 |
| CN103987363B (zh) | 2016-12-28 |
| TW201538170A (zh) | 2015-10-16 |
| JP5894679B2 (ja) | 2016-03-30 |
| RU2014129021A (ru) | 2016-02-10 |
| BR112014014629A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
| EP2790649A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
| SG11201402551YA (en) | 2014-08-28 |
| CA2858042C (en) | 2019-01-29 |
| ZA201404198B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| AU2011383263B2 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
| RU2593800C2 (ru) | 2016-08-10 |
| HK1200702A1 (zh) | 2015-08-14 |
| AR089272A1 (es) | 2014-08-13 |
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