TWI435695B - 應用於抑制微生物、病毒或植物蟲害生長之脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物 - Google Patents
應用於抑制微生物、病毒或植物蟲害生長之脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI435695B TWI435695B TW099118254A TW99118254A TWI435695B TW I435695 B TWI435695 B TW I435695B TW 099118254 A TW099118254 A TW 099118254A TW 99118254 A TW99118254 A TW 99118254A TW I435695 B TWI435695 B TW I435695B
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- surfactant
- clay
- delaminated clay
- cationic
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 title claims description 14
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 title claims description 12
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 title claims description 11
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 amine quaternary ammonium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000234295 Musa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000508269 Psidium Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VUQPJRPDRDVQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorooctadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCl VUQPJRPDRDVQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238814 Orthoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001534869 Terminalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940094522 laponite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238565 lobster Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WSNJABVSHLCCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-J trilithium;trimagnesium;trisodium;dioxido(oxo)silane;tetrafluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O WSNJABVSHLCCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N33/12—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N55/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur
- A01N55/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing organic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur containing metal atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於一種脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物,尤指應用於抑制微生物、病毒或植物蟲害生長之脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物;亦可應用於農漁業及土壤復育等。
目前已知用於抑制微生物或病毒生長的藥品或材料,例如植物生長時噴灑的農藥,或用來保存農畜產品的防腐劑,不僅對人體具有毒性,對環境也產生難以回復的破壞。
由於微生物及病毒體積甚微,使用更微小(如奈米級)的適當材料將可抑制其生長。已知藉由脫層黏土得到的奈米矽片(nano silicate platelet,NSP)具有高片徑比(平均為100×100×1 nm3)、高表面積(700~800 m2
/g)以及強電荷性(ca. 20,000 ions per platelet)。這些特殊性質使奈米矽片在pH的變化之下有帶電性的變化,藉由控制不同的pH,在等電點(IEP=pH 6.4)以上會使表面帶負電,而在等電點以下則是會帶正電而造成特殊的聚集現象。依此聚集之原理,若以此奈米矽片於水中直接使用時,因接觸環境可能不同pH狀態,將影響其表面積表達的效果。實驗指出若以界面活性劑與奈米矽片作成複合物,其矽片之負電性在使用之環境中則可受到控制與適時釋放。所使用之界面活性劑可選擇無負面環境影響為主。
因此如何進一步發展已知的奈米材料,例如奈米矽片,再提昇性能或降低奈米自行聚集不易分散之負面特性,又使其具有經濟、實用的價值,為本發明人亟思解決的問題。
本發明之目的在於提供一種脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物,可應用於抑制微生物、病毒或植物害蟲之生長。
本發明之脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物中,脫層黏土與界面活性劑之重量比為99/1~1/99;較佳為99/1~50/50;更佳為99/1~90/10。脫層黏土較佳為奈米尺寸之片狀無機黏土;更佳為奈米矽片。界面活性劑可為陽離子型、非離子型、陰離子型或兩性界面活性劑;較佳為界面活性劑為陽離子型、非離子型或陰離子型界面活性劑;更佳為界面活性劑為陽離子型界面活性劑。陽離子型界面活性劑可為C12~C32之脂肪胺四級氨鹽、或C12~C32之脂肪胺之鹽酸四級胺鹽族類。非離子型界面活性劑可為辛基苯酚聚氧乙基醇、或聚氧乙烯烷基醚。
上述之陽離子型界面活性劑較佳為C12~C18之牛脂(tallow)胺鹽酸鹽或氫化(hydrogenated)牛脂胺鹽酸鹽、十八烷基脂肪胺四級胺鹽、十八烷基氯化胺或烷基二甲基苯胺鹽酸鹽(alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride);更佳為烷基二甲基苯胺鹽酸鹽(alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride)。
上述之非離子型該界面活性劑較佳為聚氧乙烯烷基醚(polyoxyethylene alkyl ether)、聚乙二醇十八烷基十六醇醚(polyoxyethylene stearylcetyl ether)、山梨醇脂肪酸酯(Span)、聚醇山梨酯(Tween)、烷基苯乙氧基醇(alkylphenol ethoxylates)、壬基苯酚聚乙氧基醇(nonylphenol ethoxylates,NPEOs)、脂肪醇乙氧基(fatty alcohol ethoxylates)。
本發明適用的界面活性劑如表2所示,其抑制細菌或植物蟲害的效果皆良好,可於實際應用時供使用者選擇。
本發明製造上述之脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物之方法係使該脫層黏土與該界面活性劑於一溶劑中進行錯合反應,以生成該用於抑制微生物或病毒生長之脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物。
上述之脫層黏土及該界面活性劑較佳為先分別溶於該溶劑中,再混合進行錯合反應。上述之溶劑較佳為水。
本發明之脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物可溶於一溶劑中,再以植物可吸收或吸附之方式與該植物結合。例如,灑佈於植物或栽培介質上,或混合於栽培介質中。該栽培介質可為水或土壤。錯合物亦可溶於水中形成濃度為0.01~1 wt%之溶液。
本發明較佳實施例使用的主要材料包括:
1. Ablumine 1214:烷基二甲基苯胺鹽酸鹽(alkyl dimethyl benzylammonium chloride),為一種C12~C18的牛脂(tallow)胺鹽酸鹽或氫化(hydrogenated)牛脂胺鹽酸鹽,陽離子型界面活性劑,購自Taiwan surfactant Co.。
2. SINOPOL 1830:聚乙二醇十八烷基十六醇醚(polyoxyethylene stearylcetyl ether),為一種聚氧乙烯烷基醚(polyoxyethylene alkyl ether),非離子型界面活性劑,購自中日合成化學公司。
3. SDS:十二烷基磺酸鈉(sodium dodecyl sulfate),陰離子型界面活性劑。
4. 奈米矽片:可參考如下說明,亦可參考美國專利第7,022,299B2號、第7,094,815B2號、第7,125,916B2號、及公告第2005-0239943-A1號、及申請號第11/464,495號等之方法製得。
步驟(a):取Nanocor Ind. Co.之Na+
-MMT(10 g)分散於80 ℃之熱水(1 L)中,強力攪拌4小時,使水溶液形成土色之穩定、均勻分散液。
步驟(b):取對甲酚(27.2 g)與D2000(757.6 g)以莫耳比2:3,於90 ℃甲苯中迴流反應3小時,再加入甲醛溶液(37 wt%,61.4 g),並升溫至130 ℃反應5小時,形成膠狀後停止反應。所得之產物即插層劑曼尼斯胺(Amine-termination Mannich Oligomer,AMO)。GPC分析得三個波峰位置分別為Mw=3,142、6,221及9,246;胺滴定結果為:一級胺=0.4 meq/g,二級胺=0.56 meq/g,無三級胺。將AMO溶於水(575g)中,與濃鹽酸(35 wt%,36g)於80 ℃下混合30分鐘,形成酸化之AMO。將酸化之AMO倒入上述之Na+-MMT分散液中,於80 ℃下強力攪拌5小時,以完成插層反應,得到AMO/Clay混合溶液。
步驟(c):於AMO/Clay混合溶液中加入不同pH值的緩衝水溶液,此時AMO/Clay混合溶液會形成淡黃色、乳化狀態的黏稠液體。
步驟(d):於黏稠液體中加入乙醇(7.5 L)後過濾之,再將過濾的固體加入乙醇(10 L)攪拌均勻並加入當量的NaOH(9.2 g)後過濾之,可以得到淡黃色、半透明的AMO/NSP103S片狀矽酸鹽混合物,此混合物的有機/無機比(organic/inorganic,O/I)約為40/60。
步驟(e):將上述AMO/NSP混合物加入乙醇(10 L)攪拌均勻並當量的NaOH,再加入水(10 L)攪拌均勻後,最後加入甲苯(10 L)混合均勻。靜置一天後分成三層,最上層是甲苯與AMO,中間層是乙醇,最下層即為所要的產物NSP103S水溶液。
本發明製造奈米矽片可使用之天然或人工合成黏土尚包括:
a. 皂土:bentonite,人工合成的層狀矽酸鹽黏土礦物,例如購自CO-OP Chemical Co.,商標名稱為SWN,陽離子交換容量(cationic exchange capacity,CEC)=0.67 mequiv/g。
b. 合成氟化雲母:synthetic fluorine mica,例如CO-OP Chemical Co.製造之商標名SOMASIF ME-100,CEC=1.20 mequiv/g。
c. 鋰皂土:laponite,為人工合成的層狀矽酸鹽黏土礦物,CEC=0.69 mequiv/g。
d. [MII 1-x
MIII x
(OH)2
]intra
[An-
‧nH2
O]inter
:為人工合成的層狀矽酸鹽黏土礦物,其中MII
為二價金屬離子,如Mg、Ni、Cu或Zn;MIII
為三價金屬離子,如Al、Cr、Fe、V或Ga;An-
為陰離子,如CO3 2-
、NO3 -
;陰離子交換容量(anionic exchange capacity,AEC)=2.00~4.00 mequiv/g。
以下為本發明之較佳實施例,但本發明範圍並不限於這些實施例。
步驟(A):於一燒杯中加入NSP 103S(9.7 wt%,0.31 g),再加去離子水(89.69 g),室溫下手動搖晃,配製成NSP 103(3 wt%)。
步驟(B):另取一燒杯加Ablumine 1214(50 wt%,5.94 g),再加去離子水(4.06g),室溫下磁石攪拌20分鐘,配製成Ablumine 1214(3 wt%)。
步驟(C):將步驟(A)及步驟(B)溶液混合,室溫下磁石攪拌1小時,即製備完成NSS1-D-01(3 wt%),亦即NSP/Ablumine 1214重量比為1/99之複材。
步驟(A):於一燒杯中加入NSP 103S(9.7 wt%,29.4 g),再加去離子水(60.6 g),室溫下手動搖晃,配製成NSP 103(3 wt%)。
步驟(B):另取一燒杯加Ablumine 1214(50 wt%,0.3 g),再加去離子水(9.7 g),室溫下磁石攪拌20分鐘,配製成Ablumine 1214(3 wt%)。
步驟(C):將步驟(A)及步驟(B)溶液混合,室溫下磁石攪拌1小時,即製備完成NSS1-D-95(3 wt%),亦即NSP/Ablumine 1214重量比為95/5之複材。實施步驟如第1圖所示。
步驟(A):於一燒杯中加入NSP 103S(9.7 wt%,30.6 g),再加去離子水(59.4 g),室溫下手動搖晃,配製成NSP 103(3 wt%)。
步驟(B):另取一燒杯加Ablumine 1214(50 wt%,0.06 g),再加去離子水(9.94 g),室溫下磁石攪拌20分鐘,配製成Ablumine 1214(3 wt%)。
步驟(C):將步驟(A)及步驟(B)溶液混合,室溫下磁石攪拌1小時,即製備完成NSS1-D-99(3 wt%),亦即NSP/Ablumine 1214重量比為99/1之複材。
步驟(A):於一燒杯中加入NSP 103S(9.7 wt%,0.31 g),再加去離子水(89.69 g),室溫下手動搖晃,配製成NSP 103(3 wt%)。
步驟(B):另取一燒杯加SINOPOL 1830(100 wt%,2.97 g),再加去離子水(7.03 g),室溫下磁石攪拌20分鐘,配製成SINOPOL 1830(3 wt%)。
步驟(C):將步驟(A)及步驟(B)溶液混合,室溫下磁石攪拌1小時,即製備完成NSS2-D-01(3 wt%),亦即NSP/SINOPOL 1830重量比為1/99之複材。
步驟(A):於一燒杯中加入NSP 103S(9.7 wt%,29.4g),再加去離子水(60.6 g),室溫下手動搖晃,配製成NSP 103(3 wt%)。
步驟(B):另取一燒杯加入SINOPOL 1830(100 wt%,0.15 g),再加去離子水(9.85 g),室溫下磁石攪拌20分鐘,配製成SINOPOL 1830(3 wt%)。
步驟(C):最後將步驟(A)及步驟(B)溶液混合,室溫下磁石攪拌1小時,即製備完成NSS2-D-95(3 wt%),亦即NSP/SINOPOL 1830重量比為95/5之複材。實施步驟如第2圖所示。
步驟(A):於一燒杯中加入NSP 103S(9.7 wt%,30.62 g),再加去離子水(59.38 g),室溫下手動搖晃,配製成NSP 103(3 wt%)。
步驟(B):另取一燒杯加SINOPOL 1830(100 wt%,0.03 g),再加去離子水(9.97 g),室溫下磁石攪拌20分鐘,配製成SINOPOL 1830溶液(3 wt%)。
步驟(C):將步驟(A)及步驟(B)溶液混合,室溫下磁石攪拌1小時,即製備完成NSS2-D-99(3 wt%),亦即NSP/SINOPOL 1830重量比為99/1之複材。
步驟(A):於一燒杯中加入NSP 103S(9.7 wt%,0.31 g),再加去離子水(60.6 g),室溫下手動搖晃,配製成NSP 103(3 wt%)。
步驟(B):另取一燒杯加SDS(100 wt%,2.97g),再加去離子水9.85g),室溫下磁石攪拌20分鐘,配製成SDS(3 wt%)。
步驟(C):將步驟(A)及步驟(B)溶液混合,室溫下磁石攪拌1小時,即製備完成NSS3-A-01(3 wt%),亦即NSP/SDS重量比為1/99之複材。
步驟(A):於一燒杯中加入NSP 103S(9.7 wt%,29.4 g),再加去離子水(60.6 g),室溫下手動搖晃,配製成NSP 103(3 wt%)。
步驟(B):另取一燒杯加SDS(100 wt%,0.15g),再加去離子水9.85g),室溫下磁石攪拌20分鐘,配製成SDS(3 wt%)。
步驟(C):將步驟(A)及步驟(B)溶液混合,室溫下磁石攪拌1小時,即製備完成NSS3-A-95(3 wt%),亦即NSP/SDS重量比為95/5之複材。
步驟(A):於一燒杯中加入NSP 103S(9.7 wt%,30.62 g),再加去離子水(60.6 g),室溫下手動搖晃,配製成NSP 103(3 wt%)。
步驟(B):另取一燒杯加SDS(100 wt%,0.03g),再加去離子水(9.85g),室溫下磁石攪拌20分鐘,配製成SDS(3 wt%)。
步驟(C):將步驟(A)及步驟(B)溶液混合,室溫下磁石攪拌1小時,即製備完成NSS3-A-99(3 wt%),亦即NSP/SDS重量比為99/1之複材。
上述各實施例中使用的界面活性劑及配製比例如表1所示。
上述步驟(A)先稀釋奈米矽片,使達到與界面活性劑相同之濃度,可以有較好的矽片改質效果。而步驟(B)先稀釋界面活性劑,使達到與奈米矽片相同之濃度,亦可以有較好的矽片改質效果。步驟(C)藉由界面活性劑改質奈米矽片,使奈米矽片具有殺菌的特性。
1.菌種:大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli)。
2.標準菌液製備:將隔夜培養之菌液以1/100體積加入新鮮的Luria-Bertani(LB)液體培養基中培養約三小時,再使用分光光度計測量培養後菌液在OD600
之吸光值,選擇OD600
在0.4~0.6之間的菌液,即為標準菌液。
第3圖顯示實施例2、5、8之奈米矽片/界面活性劑複材之抑制細菌生長試驗結果,奈米矽片/界面活性劑複材之重量比皆為99/5,濃度皆為0.1wt%。如圖所示,因細菌帶負電,而實施例2(NSS1-D-95)為陽離子型界面活性劑,所以抑制細菌的效果最好。
第4圖顯示本發明複材中,奈米矽片/界面活性劑之重量比不同時的抗菌試驗結果。結果顯示,在奈米矽片/界面活性劑複材之濃度為0.1wt%時,奈米矽片/界面活性劑之重量比為95/5(實施例2,NSS1-D-95)的效果不如50/50(由實施例2及3配製得,NSS1-D-50)。亦即,陽離子型界面活性劑含量增加,將更能有效抑制細菌生長。
將實施例4~6之奈米矽片/非離子界面活性劑複材與酒精以1:2的重量比例混合,再稀釋1,000倍,得到濃度為0.001wt%的稀釋液,大量噴灑全株爬滿「蚜蟲」的小葉欖仁。結果如第5圖所示,噴灑一次害蟲全部死亡,之後小葉欖仁生長加速,無病蟲害。
第6~7圖比較有無應用實施例5之奈米矽片/非離子界面活性劑複材之效果,稀釋液濃度為0.001wt%。第6圖為香蕉苖,左圖為未噴灑的生長狀況,右圖為有噴灑的蕉苗明顯成長較快,約一倍大。使用濃度及使用頻率不同,亦會有明顯差別。例如,濃度提高600~800倍及
每月使用1~3次。第7圖為番石榴,左圖為未噴灑,右圖為有噴灑,葉片生長茂盛,長得快、開花多,果粒變大、變脆。此外,使用在葫蘆瓜等蔬果上亦可使瓜藤粗大、葉片變大。
此外,本發明稀釋液具有平衡土壤酸化之功能,可有效增加土地利用率。這是由於本發明脫層黏土/界面活性劑複材的尺寸與病毒相當,具有較大的比表面積及表面附著力,可包覆病毒、細菌、蟲卵,使其無法分裂繁殖孵化。因此噴灑此複材後,細菌表面的複材會阻礙其生長機制。
由於本發明脫層黏土/界面活性劑複材對環境危害小,尚可進一步使用在其他用途上;例如:吸附農藥、水產養殖、農漁業廢水處理、作為防腐劑以增長農產品保留期限、畜舍之除臭、滅除蚊蠅、器具衣物的去污等。
圖1為本發明實施例2之實施步驟圖。
圖2為本發明實施例5之實施步驟圖。
圖3顯示本發明實施例2、5、8之奈米矽片/界面活性劑複材之抑制細菌生長試驗結果。
圖4顯示本發明複材中奈米矽片/界面活性劑之重量比不同時的抗菌試驗結果。
圖5顯示本發明以實施例4~6抑制植物蟲害試驗之結果。
圖6係以香蕉苗的成長速度比較有無應用實施例5之奈米矽片/非離子界面活性劑複材之效果。
圖7係以蕃石榴的成長速度比較有無應用實施例5之奈米矽片/非離子界面活性劑複材之效果。
Claims (10)
- 一種抑制微生物、病毒或植物害蟲生長之方法,係將一脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物施加於微生物、病毒或植物害蟲;其中:該脫層黏土與該界面活性劑之重量比為99/1~1/99;該脫層黏土為奈米尺寸之片狀無機黏土;該界面活性劑為陽離子型、非離子型、陰離子型或兩性界面活性劑;其中:該陽離子型界面活性劑為C12~C32之脂肪胺四級氨鹽、或C12~C32之脂肪胺之鹽酸四級胺鹽族類;該非離子型界面活性劑為辛基苯酚聚氧乙基醇、或聚氧乙烯烷基醚。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該脫層黏土為奈米矽片。
- 如請求項1之方法,當該脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物施加於植物害蟲時,其中該界面活性劑為非離子型界面活性劑。
- 如請求項1之方法,當該脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物施加於微生物、病毒時,其中該界面活性劑為陽離子型界面活性劑。
- 如請求項4之方法,其中該陽離子型界面活性劑為C12~C18之牛脂(tallow)胺鹽酸鹽或氫化(hydrogenated)牛脂胺鹽酸鹽、十八烷基脂肪胺四級胺鹽、十八烷基氯化胺或烷基二甲基苯胺鹽酸鹽(alkyldimethylbenzylammoniumchloride)。
- 如請求項4之方法,其中該陽離子型界面活性劑為烷基二甲基苯胺鹽酸鹽(alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride)。
- 如請求項3之方法,其中非離子型該界面活性劑為聚氧乙烯烷基醚(polyoxyethylenealkylether)、聚乙二醇十八烷基十六醇醚(polyoxyethylenestearylcetylether)、山梨醇脂肪酸酯(Span)、聚醇山梨酯(Tween)、烷基苯乙氧基醇(alkylphenolethoxylates)、壬基苯酚聚乙氧基醇(nonylphenolethoxylates,NPEOs)、脂肪醇乙氧基(fattyalcoholethoxylates)。
- 如請求項3之方法,其中該非離子型界面活性劑為聚乙二醇十八烷基十六醇醚(polyoxyethylenestearylcetylether)。
- 如請求項3之方法,其中該脫層黏土/界面活性劑錯合物先溶於一溶劑,再施加於植物害蟲。
- 如請求項9之方法,其中該溶劑為水或酒精。
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| TWI845053B (zh) * | 2022-12-07 | 2024-06-11 | 中鎮醫療產品科技股份有限公司 | 多銨基聚氨酯-奈米矽片複合物 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013123176A1 (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2013-08-22 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Engineered particulate systems for controlled release of pesticides and repellants |
| EP2653033A1 (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-23 | Matera Lda | Antimicrobial complexes |
| US9894896B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 | 2018-02-20 | King Saud University | Method of using a clay suspension to prevent viral and phytoplasma diseases in plants |
| US20180092350A1 (en) * | 2016-10-03 | 2018-04-05 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Ternary agrichemical compositions and related methods |
| CN110973157A (zh) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-04-10 | 太湖县华中农业发展有限公司 | 水产养殖用抗菌消毒液及其制备方法 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3929678A (en) * | 1974-08-01 | 1975-12-30 | Procter & Gamble | Detergent composition having enhanced particulate soil removal performance |
| US5160454A (en) * | 1983-12-13 | 1992-11-03 | Southern Clay Products, Inc. | Process for manufacturing organoclays having enhanced gelling properties |
| US4929644A (en) * | 1986-10-24 | 1990-05-29 | Rheox, Inc. | Thickened organic composition having biocidal activity and an additive for thickening and imparting biocidal activity to an organic composition |
| US6130256A (en) * | 1993-05-07 | 2000-10-10 | Rheox, Inc. | Organoclay thickener compatible with system to be thickened |
| US5721306A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-02-24 | Amcol International Corporation | Viscous carrier compositions, including gels, formed with an organic liquid carrier and a layered material:polymer complex |
| US5718841A (en) * | 1996-03-26 | 1998-02-17 | Rheox, Inc. | Organoclay compositions manufactured with organic acid derived ester quaternary ammonium compounds |
| KR100788085B1 (ko) * | 2000-07-13 | 2007-12-21 | 가부시키가이샤 시세이도 | 겔조성물 및 매니큐어 |
| US7094815B2 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2006-08-22 | National Chung-Hsing University | Clay/AMO complex and derivative thereof and method for producing the same |
| US7022299B2 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2006-04-04 | National Chung-Hsing University | Exfoliative clay and derivative thereof and method for producing the same |
| US7576155B2 (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2009-08-18 | Bridgestone Corporation | Method for clay exfoliation, compositions therefore, and modified rubber containing same |
| US20060287413A1 (en) | 2003-10-14 | 2006-12-21 | National Taiwan University | Hyperbranched polyamine and its use to exfoliate inorganic clay into random form of nanosilicate platelet |
| US7125916B2 (en) | 2003-10-14 | 2006-10-24 | National Chung-Hsing University | Method for producing nanosilica plates |
| US20070031512A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-08 | Amcol International Corporation | Virus-interacting layered phyllosilicates and methods of inactivating viruses |
| US20090148484A1 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-11 | National Taiwan University | Stably-dispersing composite of metal nanoparticle and inorganic clay and method for producing the same |
| TWI501807B (zh) * | 2007-12-07 | 2015-10-01 | Univ Nat Taiwan | A method for dispersing metal oxide nanoparticles |
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2010
- 2010-06-04 TW TW099118254A patent/TWI435695B/zh active
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2011
- 2011-01-17 US US13/007,906 patent/US20110301369A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI845053B (zh) * | 2022-12-07 | 2024-06-11 | 中鎮醫療產品科技股份有限公司 | 多銨基聚氨酯-奈米矽片複合物 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110301369A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
| US9339028B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 |
| US20130296270A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 |
| TW201143614A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
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