TWI423989B - Star - like polymer and its preparation method - Google Patents
Star - like polymer and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- TWI423989B TWI423989B TW100113580A TW100113580A TWI423989B TW I423989 B TWI423989 B TW I423989B TW 100113580 A TW100113580 A TW 100113580A TW 100113580 A TW100113580 A TW 100113580A TW I423989 B TWI423989 B TW I423989B
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- polymer
- star
- styrene
- alkyl group
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 110
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- XLLXMBCBJGATSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenol Chemical compound OC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XLLXMBCBJGATSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N mono-hydroxyphenyl-ethylene Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005415 substituted alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 divinyl aromatic compound Chemical class 0.000 description 45
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 17
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 9
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 238000000569 multi-angle light scattering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004209 (C1-C8) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VIZORQUEIQEFRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl adipate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC VIZORQUEIQEFRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- KSCKTBJJRVPGKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCCCCCC[O-].CCCCCCCC[O-].CCCCCCCC[O-].CCCCCCCC[O-] KSCKTBJJRVPGKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003613 toluenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GBVSONMCEKNESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-biphenyl;lithium Chemical compound [Li].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 GBVSONMCEKNESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHJMAPSVGREZMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-ethoxyethoxy)-4-prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CCOC(C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)=C)C=C1 VHJMAPSVGREZMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- FVLTXCPGQRZFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxy-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCOC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 FVLTXCPGQRZFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004972 1-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- DTNCNFLLRLHPNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-(1-ethoxyethoxy)benzene Chemical compound CCOC(C)OC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 DTNCNFLLRLHPNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRFNSWBVXHLTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]benzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 GRFNSWBVXHLTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006039 1-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006028 1-methyl-2-butenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006023 1-pentenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001462 1-pyrrolyl group Chemical group [*]N1C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- HXLLCROMVONRRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethenylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCOC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HXLLCROMVONRRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000069 2-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006012 2-chloroethoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002941 2-furyl group Chemical group O1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006040 2-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006029 2-methyl-2-butenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006022 2-methyl-2-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006024 2-pentenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NKTDTMONXHODTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pentyne Chemical compound CCC#CC NKTDTMONXHODTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000175 2-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000474 3-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006041 3-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006042 4-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FUGYGGDSWSUORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxystyrene Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 FUGYGGDSWSUORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006043 5-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NTZRDKVFLPLTPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC[Na] Chemical compound CC[Na] NTZRDKVFLPLTPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N Dialdehyde 11678 Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1[C@H](C[C@H](/C(=C/O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H](C=C)C=O)NCC2 ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001047 cyclobutenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004210 cyclohexylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000522 cyclooctenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004186 cyclopropylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000736 dendritic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005594 diketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- BLHLJVCOVBYQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CC BLHLJVCOVBYQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001641 gel filtration chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005921 isopentoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- URMHJZVLKKDTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;(3-methyl-1-phenylpentyl)benzene Chemical compound [Li+].C=1C=CC=CC=1[C-](CC(C)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 URMHJZVLKKDTOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUQLCJCZFWUWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;1-phenylhexylbenzene Chemical compound [Li+].C=1C=CC=CC=1[C-](CCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 UUQLCJCZFWUWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003506 n-propoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004365 octenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005069 octynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005825 oxyethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])(O[*:1])C([H])([H])O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003854 p-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 description 1
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004574 piperidin-2-yl group Chemical group N1C(CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODBSOAATZFAZCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODBSOAATZFAZCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000246 pyrimidin-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=NC(*)=NC([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C08F12/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
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- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
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Description
本發明係關於一種星狀聚合物及其製法,尤其是關於一種適於抗蝕刻材料等之窄分佈苯乙烯系星狀聚合物及其製法。本申請案對於2010年4月21日提出申請之日本專利申請案第2010-097590號主張優先權,並將其內容援用於本文中。
星狀聚合物為包含核部及具有自核部伸出之聚合物鏈之臂部之聚合物。先前,雖開發有多種星狀聚合物,但並未開發出顯示出尤其是作為抗蝕刻材料而適於實際使用之物性的星狀聚合物。
另一方面,聚合物之中,使用苯乙烯系聚合物作為臂部者,例如可列舉以下文獻中所揭示者。
於專利文獻1、專利文獻2中,以烯基苯酚系均聚物或共聚物為臂部,使用多官能性偶合劑使臂部之聚合物偶合作為核部。此處作為多官能性偶合劑,例示有二乙烯基芳香族化合物、三乙烯基芳香族化合物等芳香族化合物、二環氧化物、二酮、二醛及以通式(CR1
R2
X)nR3
表示之化合物(式中,X表示選自由鹵素原子、碳數1~6之烷氧基及碳數2~6之醯氧基所組成之群中之取代基。R1
及R2
分別表示氫原子或碳數1~6之1價烴基,R1
及R2
可相同亦可不同。R3
表示可具有n個取代基(CR1
R2
X)之多價芳香族烴基或多價脂肪族烴基。n表示3~6中之任一整數)。
又,於專利文獻3中,揭示有以烯基苯酚衍生物與(甲基)丙烯酸酯衍生物之共聚物作為臂部,使用包含由以下式
[化1]
(式中,R4
及R8
分別表示氫原子或甲基,R5
、R6
、R9
及R10
分別獨立表示烷基,R7
表示伸烷基)表示之二丙烯酸酯衍生之重複單元的聚合物鏈作為核部,使其與臂部之聚合物鍵結。
進而,於專利文獻4中,揭示有關於如樹枝狀聚合物之星狀聚合物,並揭示有使如下臂部與化合物反應,該臂部係包含含有苯乙烯系重複單元之聚合物且具有2個以上之陰離子末端之聚合物鏈,該化合物具有可與陰離子反應之官能基且成為核部。此處,亦揭示有:作為具有可與陰離子反應之官能基且成為核部之化合物,而例示鏈狀或環狀脂肪族化合物、芳香族化合物、雜環化合物等,尤佳為芳香族化合物。
專利文獻
專利文獻1:日本專利特開2001-139647號公報
專利文獻2:日本專利特開2002-226513號公報
專利文獻3:日本專利特開2006-225605號公報
專利文獻4:國際公開2007-029794號說明書
先前,以苯乙烯系聚合物作為臂部之星狀聚合物用作抗蝕刻材料等時,尚無具有充分之特性者。因此,本發明之課題在於提供一種適合作為抗蝕刻材料等之窄分佈之苯乙烯系星狀聚合物。
迄今為止,雖於以苯乙烯系聚合物作為臂部之星狀聚合物中,較佳為使用芳香族化合物作為核部,但因作為抗蝕刻材料則鹼溶解速度較慢,故並不實用。因此本發明者等人經過努力研究,結果可知使用特定之脂肪族化合物替代芳香族化合物時,會提昇鹼溶解速度,從而完成本發明。
即,本發明係關於
(1)一種星狀聚合物,其以下式A[C(Y)Xm
]n
表示:(式中,A表示碳數為4~15之多價脂肪族烴基,C表示碳原子,X表示苯乙烯系聚合物鏈,Y表示羥基或側氧基,m表示1或2,n表示2~5中之任一整數;其中,於Y為羥基之情形時m為2,於Y為側氧基之情形時m為1);
(2)如上述(1)之星狀聚合物,其中苯乙烯系聚合物為羥基苯乙烯之均聚物或共聚物;及
(3)一種如上述(1)或(2)之星狀聚合物之製造方法,其特徵在於:使具有陰離子末端之苯乙烯系聚合物與以A(COOR)n(式中,R表示碳數為1~8之烷基,A及n與上述(1)中之定義相同)表示之脂肪族羧酸酯反應。
於本發明中,所謂星狀聚合物係指於核部鍵結有複數個臂部之聚合物。具體而言,本發明之星狀聚合物係具有A作為核部,鍵結有苯乙烯系聚合物X作為臂部之聚合物,以式A[C(Y)Xm
]n
表示。
式中,A表示碳數為4~15之多價脂肪族烴基,C表示碳原子,X表示苯乙烯系聚合物鏈,Y表示羥基或側氧基。
m表示1或2,n表示2~5中之任一整數。
其中,於Y為羥基之情形時m為2,於Y為側氧基之情形時m為1。
又,於Y為羥基之情形時,亦可與相鄰之脂肪族烴基中的碳原子上之氫原子同時脫水而形成雙鍵。
以下,就式:A[C(Y)Xm
]n
之各部分加以說明。
再者,關於A中之碳數為4~15之多價脂肪族烴基,以下雖由一價烴基之名稱表示,但基之名稱係根據C(Y)Xm
之鍵結數而適當地替換者。
作為A之碳數為4~15之脂肪族烴基,可列舉具有直鏈或支鏈之碳數為4~15之烷基、烯基或炔基。
作為碳數為4~15之烷基,可列舉正丁基、第二丁基、異丁基、第三丁基、正戊基、正己基、壬基、異壬基、癸基、十二烷基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基等。較佳為碳數4~8之烷基。
烯基表示具有1個以上之雙鍵之烷基,作為碳數為4~15之烯基,可列舉1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、1-甲基-2-丙烯基、2-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-戊烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、1-甲基-2-丁烯基、2-甲基-2-丁烯基、1-己烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、4-己烯基、5-己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、癸烯基、十五烯基、1,3-丁二烯基等。較佳為碳數5~8之烯基。
炔基表示具有1個以上之三鍵之烷基,作為碳數為4~15之炔基,可列舉1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、1-甲基-2-丙炔基、2-甲基-2-丙炔基、1-戊炔基、2-戊炔基、3-戊炔基、4-戊炔基、1-甲基-2-丁炔基、2-甲基-2-丁炔基、1-己炔基、2-己炔基、3-己炔基、4-己炔基、5-己炔基、1-庚炔基、1-辛炔基、1-癸炔基、1-十五炔基等。較佳為碳數4~8之炔基。
若碳數變長,則對鹼性顯影液之溶解性變差,而成為臂部之苯乙烯系聚合物即使變長,亦具有不會鍵結苯乙烯系聚合物而殘留率下降之效果。若碳數為3以下,則由於位阻而不鍵結苯乙烯系聚合物,殘留率變高,無法獲得所需之星狀聚合物。
X之苯乙烯系聚合物係具有以下式(I)
[化2]
(式中,R1
表示氫原子或甲基,R2
表示羥基、烷基、可經取代之烷氧基或芳基,n表示0~3中之任一整數)表示之重複單元之均聚物或者無規或嵌段共聚物。
式(I)中,R2
具體而言,作為烷基可例示甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、正戊基、異戊基、第二戊基、第三戊基、新戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基、正壬基、正癸基等(較佳為C1~C6之烷基);作為烷氧基可例示甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、異丙氧基、正丁氧基、異丁氧基、第二丁氧基、第三丁氧基、正戊氧基、異戊氧基、第二戊氧基、第三戊氧基、新戊氧基、正己氧基、正庚氧基、正辛氧基、正壬氧基、正癸氧基等(較佳為C1~C6之烷氧基);作為經取代之烷氧基,例如可例示經鹵素原子、烷氧基等取代之烷氧基,具體可例示2-氯乙氧基、2-乙氧基乙氧基等;作為芳基可例示苯基、1-萘基、2-萘基等(較佳為C6~C10之芳基);作為經取代之芳基,例如可例示經鹵素原子、烷基等取代之芳基,具體可例示4-氯苯基、4-甲基苯基等。
作為苯乙烯系共聚物之其他重複單元,只有為源自可與苯乙烯系單體共聚合之單體之重複單元則無特別限制,例如可列舉以下式(II)表示之重複單元:
[化3]
[式中,R3
表示氫原子或C1~C6之烷基,R4
表示氫原子、C1~C6之烷基或以式:-CR5
=CH2
(式中R5
表示氫原子或甲基)表示之基];以下式(III)表示之重複單元:
[化4]
(式中,R6
表示氫原子或甲基,R7
表示氫原子、C1~C12之烷基、具有可具有取代基之C3以上之脂環式骨架之烴基、含有具有可具有取代基之C3以上之脂環式骨架之烴基之烷基、可具有取代基之苯基或雜環基)。
上述式(II)及(III)中,作為C1~C6之烷基及C1~12之烷基,可列舉甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、正戊基、異戊基、第二戊基、第三戊基、新戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基、正壬基、正癸基等。
上述式(III)中,作為具有C3以上之脂環式骨架之烴基,可列舉環丙基、環戊基、環己基、環辛基等環烷基;環丁烯基、環戊烯基、環己烯基、環辛烯基等環烯基等(較佳為C3~C6之烴基)。
上述式(III)中,作為含有具有C3以上之脂環式骨架之烴基的烷基,可列舉環丙基甲基、2-環戊基乙基、環己基甲基等環烷基烷基;環丁烯基甲基、環戊烯基乙基、環己烯基甲基、環辛烯基甲基等環烯基烷基等(較佳為C4~C12)。
上述式(III)中,雜環表示具有1~4個氮原子、氧原子或硫原子作為雜原子之5~7員之芳香族雜環、飽和雜環、不飽和雜環或該等雜環與苯環縮合而成之縮合雜環,例如可列舉呋喃-2-基、噻吩-2-基、吡咯-1-基、吡啶-2-基、吡-2-基、嘧啶-2-基、嗒-3-基、1,3-苯并二氧雜環戊烯-4-基、1,4-苯并二烷-5-基、2,3-二氫苯并呋喃-5-基、吲哚啉-5-基、嗎啉-4-基、哌-2-基、哌啶-2-基等。
上述式(III)中,作為「可具有取代基」之取代基,可列舉鹵素原子、烷基、烷氧基、芳基等。
苯乙烯系聚合物鏈之數量平均分子量並無特別限制,較佳為1,000~100,000者。重量平均分子量(Mw)與數量平均分子量(Mn)之比(Mw/Mn)較佳為1.01~1.50。又,苯乙烯系聚合物鏈之非鍵結末端可為氫原子,亦可經取代。
n表示C(Y)Xm
之鍵結數,雖C(Y)Xm
之鍵結數之限度因脂肪族烴基而異,但通常為2~5。
本發明之星狀聚合物之數量平均分子量並無特別限制,較佳為4,000~1,000,000。重量平均分子量(Mw)與數量平均分子量(Mn)之比(Mw/Mn)較佳為1.01~1.50。
以下揭示以式:A[C(Y)Xm
]n
表示之星狀聚合物之具體例。其中,此處表示以C表示之碳原子上鍵結有2個X之情形。
[化5]
於上述所例示之星狀聚合物中,於1個酯基上僅鍵結有1個X之情形時,例示替代OH而成為側氧基之星狀聚合物。又,於OH與相鄰之脂肪族烴基中之碳原子上的氫原子同時脫水之情形時,例示無OH而與相鄰之碳原子形成雙鍵之星狀聚合物。
(星狀聚合物之製造法)
本發明之星狀聚合物可基於公知之方法製造,例如可如下製造。
首先,藉由以陰離子聚合起始劑作為聚合起始劑之陰離子聚合法而製作臂部聚合物。該情形時,可使作為上述式(I)之重複單元的原料單體之苯乙烯系化合物之1種或2種以上之混合物聚合而製作均聚物或共聚物,亦可藉由逐次添加2種以上之苯乙烯系化合物並使其聚合而製作嵌段聚合物。
又,亦可與其他可共聚合之化合物,例如作為上述式(II)或(III)之重複單元之原料單體的化合物進行共聚合。
如上所述製作臂部聚合物後,可藉由使其與以式:A(COOR)n(式中,A表示多價脂肪族烴基,R表示C1~C8烷基,n表示2~5中之任一整數)表示之脂肪族羧酸酯反應而製造。
臂部之聚合物與脂肪族羧酸酯之反應,可於臂部製造後之反應溶液中添加脂肪族羧酸酯,亦可將臂部聚合物添加至脂肪族羧酸酯之溶液中。
上述A(COOR)n中,A之碳數為4~15之多價脂肪族烴基可例示與式:A[C(Y)Xm
]n
之A相同者,作為R之C1~C8烷基,可例示甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第二丁基、異丁基、第三丁基、正戊基、正己基、2-乙基己基等。
作為苯乙烯系化合物,可例示苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、對羥基苯乙烯、對甲基苯乙烯、對第三丁基苯乙烯、對第三丁氧基苯乙烯、對第三丁氧基-α-甲基苯乙烯、對(1-乙氧基乙氧基)苯乙烯、對(1-乙氧基乙氧基)-α-甲基苯乙烯等,該等可單獨一種或作為兩種以上之混合物使用。
作為可與苯乙烯系化合物共聚合之化合物,可例示丁二烯、異戊二烯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸第三丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙基環己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸吡啶酯等,該等可作為單獨一種或兩種以上之混合物使用。
臂部之聚合物之合成反應通常係於氮氣、氬氣等惰性氣體環境下,於有機溶劑中,於-100~50℃、較佳為-78~40℃之範圍之溫度下進行。
作為用於上述臂部之聚合物之合成反應的有機溶劑,可列舉正己烷、正庚烷等脂肪族烴類,環己烷、環戊烷等脂環族烴類,苯、甲苯等芳香族烴類,二乙醚、四氫呋喃(THF,Tetrahydrofuran)、二烷等醚類,此外之苯甲醚、六甲基磷醯胺等通常使用於陰離子聚合之有機溶劑,該等可單獨一種或作為兩種以上之混合物使用。該等之中,就極性及溶解性之觀點而言,較佳可例示四氫呋喃與甲苯、四氫呋喃與己烷、四氫呋喃與甲基環己烷等之混合溶劑。
作為用於上述陰離子聚合法之陰離子聚合起始劑,可例示鹼金屬或有機鹼金屬,作為鹼金屬可例示鋰、鈉、鉀、銫等,作為有機鹼金屬可例示上述鹼金屬之烷基化物、烯丙基化物、芳基化物等,具體可列舉乙基鋰、正丁基鋰、第二丁基鋰、第三丁基鋰、乙基鈉、聯苯鋰、萘基鋰、三苯基鋰、萘基鈉、α-甲基苯乙烯鈉二陰離子、1,1-二苯基己基鋰、1,1-二苯基-3-甲基戊基鋰等。
可藉由於臂部之聚合物合成反應結束後,於反應液中添加脂肪族羧酸酯而製造星狀聚合物。
臂部之聚合物與脂肪族羧酸酯之添加比例,可對應於脂肪族羧酸酯之酯基數進行適當選擇,但因相對於1莫耳酯基可鍵結2莫耳臂部之聚合物,故較佳為相對於脂肪族羧酸酯之酯基數添加2倍莫耳以上之臂部的聚合物。
其中,即便大為量過剩地使用臂部之聚合物,亦無法避免產生未與脂肪族羧酸酯反應而殘留之線型聚合物,因此臂部之聚合物之添加量相對於脂肪族羧酸酯之酯基數較佳為2.0~4.0倍莫耳。為使未反應之線型聚合物之殘留量減少至可表現出所需星狀聚合物之物性的程度,進而較佳為2.05~2.5倍莫耳。
另一方面,於製備不含線型聚合物之星狀聚合物之情形時,可藉由調整臂部之聚合物之添加量而製備。相對於脂肪族羧酸酯之酯基數添加2.0倍莫耳以下之臂部之聚合物即可,又,若過少則成為臂部條數不足之星狀聚合物。因此,臂部之聚合物之添加量相對於脂肪族羧酸酯之酯基數較佳為1.5~2.0倍莫耳,進而較佳為1.8~2.0倍莫耳。
該反應通常係於氮氣、氬氣等惰性氣體環境下,於有機溶劑中以-100℃~50℃、較佳為-78℃~40℃之溫度進行聚合反應,藉此可獲得結構得到控制、且分子量分佈較窄之聚合物。又,星狀聚合物生成反應,除可於用於形成臂部之聚合物之溶劑中連續地進行以外,亦可添加溶劑改變組成,或將溶劑替換為其他溶劑來進行。作為所使用之溶劑,可使用與用於臂部之聚合物之合成反應的有機溶劑相同之溶劑。
再者,藉由本發明之方法可較佳地製造例如以羥基苯乙烯之均聚物或共聚物為臂部之星狀聚合物,通常可藉由使附加有羥基之保護基之單體聚合,進而製成星狀聚合物後以公知之方法去保護來製造。
以下對實施例進行說明,但本發明之技術範圍並不受該等實施例限定。
(實施例1)
於經氮氣置換之500 mL四口燒瓶中,加入脫水四氫呋喃(以下簡稱為THF)25.5 g、脫水甲苯229.2 g、N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺(以下簡稱為TMEDA)3.6 g(31.0 mmol),於攪拌下將反應系統保持在-40℃。於反應系統中加入正丁基鋰/己烷1.6 mol/L溶液(以下簡稱為NBL)11.9 g(28.7 mmol),10分鐘後於反應系統中加入對第三丁氧基苯乙烯45.5 g(257.9 mmol)使其聚合。於滴液結束20分鐘後進行取樣,藉由氣相層析法(以下簡稱為GC)確認聚合完成。採集該聚合物溶液之一部分為樣本,藉由凝膠過濾層析法(以下簡稱為GPC)進行分析,結果為數量平均分子量Mn=2,020、分散度Mw/Mn=1.07之單峰性聚合物。
於該反應系統內添加己二酸二乙酯1.2 g(5.9 mmol)繼續反應30分鐘後,加入甲醇5 mL使反應停止。藉由GPC分析該聚合溶液,結果為數量平均分子量Mn=5,330、具有分散度Mw/Mn=1.03為主峰之聚合物,殘留臂數量約為23%。又,以多角度光散射檢測儀(以下簡稱為GPC-MALLS)進行測定,結果確認為分子量Mw=8,800、包含4條支鏈之星狀聚合物。
加入乙酸乙酯300 mL稀釋後,進行四次水洗。餾去溶劑後,調整為20% THF/乙醇(5/1)溶液,相對於樹脂量添加0.66 eq.之35%鹽酸,回流三小時。餾去溶劑後,調整為35%乙醇溶液,投入至大量水中使聚合物析出,過濾後於真空下於50℃乾燥20小時,藉此獲得白色粉末狀之聚合物31.9 g。藉由GPC分析該聚合物,結果為數量平均分子量Mn=4,360、具有分散度Mw/Mn=1.03為主峰之星狀聚合物。
(實施例2)
進行與之前相同之操作,合成數量平均分子量Mn=2,070、分散度Mw/Mn=1.07之單峰性聚合物後,加入癸二酸二乙酯代替己二酸二乙酯。藉由GPC分析該溶液,結果為數量平均分子量Mn=5,870、具有分散度Mw/Mn=1.03為主峰之聚合物,殘留臂數量約為10%。又,以GPC-MALLS進行測定,結果確認為分子量Mw=9,000、包含4條支鏈之星狀聚合物。
加入乙酸乙酯300 mL稀釋後,進行四次水洗。餾去溶劑後調整為20% THF/乙醇(5/1)溶液,相對於樹脂量添加0.66 eq.之35%鹽酸,回流三小時。加入乙酸乙酯300 mL稀釋後,進行三次水洗。餾去溶劑後,調整為35%乙醇溶液,投入至大量水中使聚合物析出,過濾後於真空下於50℃乾燥20小時,藉此獲得白色粉末狀之聚合物36.8 g。藉由GPC分析該聚合物,結果為數量平均分子量Mn=4,850、具有分散度Mw/Mn=1.03為主峰之星狀聚合物。
(實施例3)
於經氮氣置換之500 mL四口燒瓶中,加入THF 16.0 g、脫水甲苯303.3 g、TMEDA 2.2 g(18.9 mmol),於攪拌下將反應系統保持在-40℃。於反應系統中加入1.6 mol/L NBL溶液7.6 g(18.2 mmol),10分鐘後於反應系統中加入對第三丁氧基苯乙烯80.3 g(8.3 mmol)進行聚合。於滴液結束20分鐘後進行取樣,藉由GC確認聚合完成。採集該聚合物溶液之一部分為樣本,藉由GPC進行分析,結果為數量平均分子量Mn=4,660、分散度Mw/Mn=1.04之單峰性聚合物。
於該反應系統內添加癸二酸二乙酯1.3 g(5.0 mmol)繼續反應30分鐘後,加入甲醇5 mL使反應停止。藉由GPC分析該聚合溶液,結果為數量平均分子量Mn=12,830、具有分散度Mw/Mn=1.05為主峰之聚合物,殘留臂數量約為12%。又,以GPC-MALLS進行測定,結果確認為分子量Mw=21,000、包含4條支鏈之星狀聚合物。
加入乙酸乙酯500 mL稀釋後,進行四次水洗。餾去溶劑後調整為20% THF/乙醇(5/1)溶液,相對於樹脂量添加0.66 eq.之35%鹽酸,回流三小時。加入乙酸乙酯500 mL稀釋後,進行三次水洗。餾去溶劑後,調整為35%乙醇溶液,投入至大量水中使聚合物析出,過濾後於真空下於50℃乾燥20小時,藉此獲得白色粉末狀之聚合物55.9 g。藉由GPC分析該聚合物,結果為數量平均分子量Mn=10,120、具有分散度Mw/Mn=1.05為主峰之星狀聚合物。
(鹼溶解速度之測定)
對鹼性顯影液之溶解速度之測定如下。以膜厚約1 μm進行測定。
溶劑:乳酸乙酯
樹脂濃度:20%
基材:矽晶圓;20×20 mm2
塗佈方法:旋轉塗佈;2000 r.p.m.×30秒
烘烤條件:110℃,90秒
顯影液:2.38%四甲基氫氧化銨水溶液
測定溫度:23℃
測定方法:目視
將星狀聚合物製備成20重量%之乳酸乙酯,旋轉塗佈於矽晶圓上。利用加熱板乾燥後,浸漬於23℃之顯影液中,以目視觀察到樹脂膜消失。根據預先測定之膜厚與到樹脂膜完全消失為止所花費之時間算出溶解速度。結果示於表1。
關於實施例1~3之星狀聚合物,自膜表面整體可確認均勻之溶解。
於本發明中,藉由於核部使用多價脂肪族羧酸酯,可提供一種窄分佈、鹼溶解速度優異之苯乙烯系星狀聚合物。因此,另外本發明之星狀聚合物適合作為抗蝕刻材料等。
Claims (3)
- 一種星狀聚合物,其係以下式A[C(Y)Xm ]n 表示:式中,A表示碳數為4~15之多價脂肪族烴基,C表示碳原子,X表示苯乙烯系聚合物鏈,該苯乙烯系聚合物鏈係i)具有以下式(I)
(式中,R1表示氫原子或甲基,R2表示羥基、烷基、可經取代之烷氧基或芳基,n表示0~3中之任一整數)表示之重複單元之均聚物,或ii)具有以上式(I)表示之重複單元及以下式(III)表示之重複單元之無規或嵌段共聚物: (式中,R6表示氫原子或甲基,R7表示氫原子、C1~C12之烷基、具有可具有取代基之C3以上之脂環式骨架之烴基、含有具有可具有取代基之C3以上之脂環式骨架之烴基之烷基、可具有取代基之苯基或雜環基),Y表示羥基或側氧基,m表示1或2,n表示2~5中之任一整數;其 中,於Y為羥基之情形時m為2,於Y為側氧基之情形時m為1。 - 如請求項1之星狀聚合物,其中苯乙烯系聚合物為羥基苯乙烯之均聚物或共聚物。
- 一種如請求項1或2之星狀聚合物之製造方法,其特徵在於:使具有陰離子末端之苯乙烯系聚合物與以A(COOR)n(式中,R表示碳數為1~8之烷基,A及n與請求項1中之定義相同)表示之脂肪族羧酸酯反應。
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| US4304886A (en) * | 1981-01-22 | 1981-12-08 | Shell Oil Company | Mixed coupling agent process |
| GB8918702D0 (en) | 1989-08-16 | 1989-09-27 | Shell Int Research | Process for the preparation of random solution copolymers of conjugated dienes and vinyl aromatic compounds |
| FR2714384B1 (fr) | 1993-12-29 | 1996-02-02 | Atochem Elf Sa | Copolymère bloc étoile d'un monomère vinylaromatique et d'un diène conjugué, son procédé d'obtention, et les compositions comprenant ledit copolymère et du polystyrène cristal. |
| JP4623690B2 (ja) | 1999-08-31 | 2011-02-02 | 日本曹達株式会社 | 星型ブロックコポリマー |
| KR100454608B1 (ko) * | 1999-08-31 | 2004-11-03 | 닛뽕소다 가부시키가이샤 | 별형 블록 공중합체 |
| JP4727801B2 (ja) | 2000-09-29 | 2011-07-20 | 日本曹達株式会社 | アルケニルフェノール系星型ブロック共重合体、およびその製造方法 |
| JP4116788B2 (ja) | 2000-11-21 | 2008-07-09 | 日本曹達株式会社 | スターポリマーおよび高分子電解質 |
| JP4689216B2 (ja) | 2004-09-06 | 2011-05-25 | 日本曹達株式会社 | アルケニルフェノール系スターポリマー |
| JP4767552B2 (ja) | 2005-02-21 | 2011-09-07 | 日本曹達株式会社 | フェノール系スターポリマー |
| EP1923418B1 (en) | 2005-09-07 | 2016-11-09 | Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. | Star polymer and process for production thereof |
| JP5656141B2 (ja) | 2008-08-27 | 2015-01-21 | 東邦化学工業株式会社 | 新規な星型ポリマー及びアニオン重合用カップリング剤 |
| TWI414164B (zh) | 2008-10-14 | 2013-11-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 用於osgi之閘道服務方法及其閘道裝置與閘道系統 |
| JP4895404B2 (ja) | 2009-04-13 | 2012-03-14 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | ポジ型レジスト組成物及びそれを用いたパターン形成方法 |
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| CN102844339B (zh) | 2015-05-20 |
| EP2546270B1 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
| JP5761817B2 (ja) | 2015-08-12 |
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| WO2011132395A1 (ja) | 2011-10-27 |
| CN102844339A (zh) | 2012-12-26 |
| US20130030127A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
| EP2546270A4 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
| KR20120138808A (ko) | 2012-12-26 |
| TW201139466A (en) | 2011-11-16 |
| JPWO2011132395A1 (ja) | 2013-07-18 |
| EP2546270A1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
| US9023950B2 (en) | 2015-05-05 |
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