TWI414565B - 低黏度、高顆粒負載量之分散液 - Google Patents
低黏度、高顆粒負載量之分散液 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI414565B TWI414565B TW096117417A TW96117417A TWI414565B TW I414565 B TWI414565 B TW I414565B TW 096117417 A TW096117417 A TW 096117417A TW 96117417 A TW96117417 A TW 96117417A TW I414565 B TWI414565 B TW I414565B
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- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950000244 sulfanilic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium group Chemical group [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
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- C09B67/0002—Grinding; Milling with solid grinding or milling assistants
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- C09B68/20—Organic pigments surface-modified by grafting, e.g. by establishing covalent or complex bonds, in order to improve the pigment properties, e.g. dispersibility or rheology characterised by the process features
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- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0001—Post-treatment of organic pigments or dyes
- C09B67/0004—Coated particulate pigments or dyes
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- C09B67/0001—Post-treatment of organic pigments or dyes
- C09B67/0004—Coated particulate pigments or dyes
- C09B67/0008—Coated particulate pigments or dyes with organic coatings
- C09B67/0009—Coated particulate pigments or dyes with organic coatings containing organic acid derivatives
- C09B67/001—Coated particulate pigments or dyes with organic coatings containing organic acid derivatives containing resinic acid derivatives
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- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0001—Post-treatment of organic pigments or dyes
- C09B67/0014—Influencing the physical properties by treatment with a liquid, e.g. solvents
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- C09B67/0001—Post-treatment of organic pigments or dyes
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- C09B67/0033—Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions
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- C09B67/006—Preparation of organic pigments
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- C09B67/006—Preparation of organic pigments
- C09B67/0069—Non aqueous dispersions of pigments containing only a solvent and a dispersing agent
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- C09B67/0071—Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dehydrating agents; Dispersing agents; Dustfree compositions
- C09B67/0084—Dispersions of dyes
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- C09B68/40—Organic pigments surface-modified by grafting, e.g. by establishing covalent or complex bonds, in order to improve the pigment properties, e.g. dispersibility or rheology characterised by the chemical nature of the attached groups
- C09B68/42—Ionic groups, e.g. free acid
- C09B68/425—Anionic groups
- C09B68/4253—Sulfonic acid groups
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- C09B68/40—Organic pigments surface-modified by grafting, e.g. by establishing covalent or complex bonds, in order to improve the pigment properties, e.g. dispersibility or rheology characterised by the chemical nature of the attached groups
- C09B68/44—Non-ionic groups, e.g. halogen, OH or SH
- C09B68/441—Sulfonic acid derivatives, e.g. sulfonic acid amides or sulfonic acid esters
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- C09B68/40—Organic pigments surface-modified by grafting, e.g. by establishing covalent or complex bonds, in order to improve the pigment properties, e.g. dispersibility or rheology characterised by the chemical nature of the attached groups
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- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
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- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
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Description
本發明係關於包含顆粒物質及溶劑之低黏度分散液。
顏料為通常不易於單獨分散於液體媒劑中之細粉狀不溶性固體顆粒。已開發多種可提供穩定顏料分散液之技術。舉例而言,可將分散劑添加至顏料中以改良其於特定介質中之分散性。分散劑之實例包括水溶性聚合物及界面活性劑。
分散劑之選擇視多種因素而定,其包括顏料之形態特性及化學特性及顏料欲分散於其中之液體媒劑(樹脂或黏合劑及/或溶劑)的類型。然而,分散劑通常可對諸如顯色及黏度之特性具有負面影響。在高顏料負載量(諸如大於10%顏料負載量)下尤其如此。舉例而言,大表面積顏料在無高含量分散劑之情況下通常難以分散,但該高含量之分散劑通常導致分散液黏度不可接受的增加。因此,必須根據所用組份調節分散劑之量以便獲得具有良好綜合特性之分散液組合物。
亦已開發提供具有改良特性之可分散顏料組合物(諸如油墨及塗料)之改質顏料(包括改質有色顏料)。舉例而言,美國專利第5,851,280號揭示將有機基團連接於顏料上的方法,其包括(例如)經由其中有機基團為重氮鹽之一部分的重氮反應連接。所得表面改質顏料可用於多種應用,諸如墨水、噴墨油墨、塗料、調色劑、塑料、橡膠及其類似物。美國專利第5,885,335號描述連接有規定量之離子基團及/或可電離基團之改質顏料於水性及非水性油墨及塗料組合物中之用途。又,美國專利第5,713,988號及第5,698,0916號描述可用於非水性油墨及塗料中之連接有各種類型基團的改質顏料。此外,PCT國際公開案第WO 01/51566號描述一種藉由使第一化學基團與第二化學基團反應以形成連接有第三化學基團之顏料來製造改質顏料的方法。該第一化學基團包括至少一個親核體且該第二化學基團包括至少一個親電子體,或反之亦然。該方法可(例如)用以製備可用於油墨組合物中且尤其用於噴墨油墨組合物中之連接有聚合基團的改質顏料。
然而,雖然該等方法可用於產生可分散於各種類型之非水性組合物中的離子性改質顏料,但將預期該等組合物尤其在高負載量下於非水性溶劑中將具有高黏度。此緣由為並不將預期該等顏料所連接之可帶電基團於非水性系統中帶電且其將因此彼此相互作用而藉此增加黏度。雖然該等高黏度系統可適用於某些應用,但因為(例如)較低黏度較易處理且可使用多種技術(包括噴墨印刷、浸漬塗佈等)來應用,故通常更需要較低黏度。
因此,雖然該等方法提供包括具有連接基團之改質顏料的顏料分散液,但仍存在對尤其彼等具有高顏料負載量,具有改良效能特性(諸如黏度)而藉此提供先前改質顏料之有利替換物的顏料分散液之需要。
本發明係關於一種包含顆粒物質及溶劑之分散液。該顆粒物質以分散液之總重量計以25重量%的量存在,該溶劑具有50之介電常數;且該分散液為具有50 cP之黏度的穩定分散液。
本發明進一步係關於一種包含顆粒物質、分散劑及溶劑之分散液。該分散液可藉由以任何順序組合顆粒物質、分散劑及溶劑來製備。該顆粒物質以分散液之總重量計以10重量%的量存在,該溶劑具有50之介電常數;且該分散液為具有50 cP之黏度的穩定分散液。較佳,i)該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陰離子基團或可電離陰離子之基團之顏料的改質顏料且該分散劑包含至少一個陽離子基團或可電離陽離子之基團;ii)該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陽離子基團或可電離陽離子之基團之顏料的改質顏料且該分散劑包含至少一個陰離子基團或可電離陰離子之基團;或iii)該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陰離子基團或可電離陰離子之基團之顏料的改質顏料且該分散劑包含至少一個陰離子基團或可電離陰離子之基團。
應瞭解上述一般描述與下列詳細描述僅具有例示性及說明性且旨在提供對所主張之本發明之進一步說明。
本發明係關於顆粒物質於溶劑中之分散液。該等分散液甚至在高顆粒物質負載量下穩定且具有低黏度。該分散液之黏度較佳50 cP且可使用在此項技術中已知之任何方法量測。
用於本發明之分散液中的顆粒物質可為有機物、無機物或兩者之組合。舉例而言,顆粒物質可為通常由熟習此項技術者用於油墨、塗料及其類似物之任何類型的顏料,諸如含碳顏料及有機有色顏料,包括包含藍色、黑色、棕色、青色、綠色、白色、紫色、洋紅色、紅色、橙色或黃色顏料之顏料。亦可使用不同顏料之混合物。合適含碳顏料之實例包括碳產品,諸如石墨、碳黑、玻璃碳、碳纖維、活性炭、活性碳及碳奈米管。該碳可為結晶型或非晶型。較佳為上述各物之細粉狀形式;亦有可能使用不同碳之混合物。該等碳產品中之較佳為碳黑。
含碳顏料之代表性實例包括諸如槽法碳黑、爐法碳黑及燈碳黑之各種碳黑(顏料黑7)且包括(例如)自Cabot Corporation以商標Regal、Black Pearls、Elftex、Monarch、Mogul及Vulcan購得之碳黑(諸如Black Pearls2000、Black Pearls1400、Black Pearls1300、Black Pearls1100、Black Pearls1000、Black Pearls900、Black Pearls880、Black Pearls800、Black Pearls700、Black PearlsL、Elftex8、Monarch1400、Monarch1300、Monarch1100、Monarch1000、Monarch900、Monarch880、Monarch800、Monarch700、MogulL、Regal330、Regal400、VulcanP)。合適有機有色顏料種類包括(例如)蒽醌、酞菁藍、酞菁綠、重氮、單偶氮、皮蒽酮、苝、雜環黃、喹諾酮并喹諾酮、喹吖啶酮及(硫)靛藍。該等顏料可自包括BASF Corporation,Engelhard Corporation及Sun Chemical Corporation之諸多來源以粉末形式或壓餅形式購得。其他合適有色顏料之實例描述於Colour Index,第三版(The Society of Dyers and Colourists,1982)中。
該顆粒物質亦可為含碳物質,諸如已使用氧化劑氧化以便引入離子基團及/或可電離基團於表面上的碳黑。可使用上述碳黑中之任一者。發現以此方式製備之經氧化之含碳顏料(諸如經氧化之碳黑)於表面上具有較高含量之含氧基團。氧化劑包括(但不限於)氧氣;臭氧;過氧化物,諸如過氧化氫;過氧硫酸鹽,包括過氧硫酸鈉、過氧硫酸鉀或過氧硫酸銨;次鹵酸鹽,諸如次氯酸鈉;氧化性酸,諸如硝酸;及含有過渡金屬之氧化劑,諸如高錳酸鹽、四氧化鋨、氧化鉻或硝酸鈰銨。亦可使用氧化劑之混合物,尤其諸如氧氣及臭氧之氣態氧化劑的混合物。此外,亦可使用藉由使用引入離子基團或可電離基團於顏料表面上之其他表面改質法(諸如氯化及磺醯化)製備的含碳顏料(諸如碳黑)。
該顆粒物質亦可為包含連接有至少一個有機基團之顏料的改質顏料,其中該有機基團包含至少一個離子基團、至少一個可電離基團或其混合物。改質顏料之顏料可為上述彼等顏料中之任一者。該有機基團較佳為直接連接。該等改質顏料可使用熟習此項技術者已知之任何方法製備使得有機化學基團連接於顏料上。舉例而言,該等改質顏料可使用於美國專利第5,554,739號、第5,707,432號、第5,837,045號、第5,851,280號、第5,885,335號、第5,895,522號、第5,900,029號、第5,922,118號及第6,042,643號及PCT公開案WO 99/23174中所描述之方法製備,其中該等文獻之描述以引入的方式完全併入本文中。該等方法與使用(例如)聚合物及/或界面活性劑之分散劑典型方法相比提供基團於顏料上之更穩定連接。製備改質顏料之其他方法包括使具有可用官能基之顏料與包含有機基團之試劑反應。該等改質顏料可使用於以上併入之參考文獻中所描述之方法製備。此外,含有官能基之改質碳黑亦可藉由於美國專利第6,831,194號及第6,660,075號、美國專利公開案第2003-0101901號及第2001-0036994號、加拿大專利第2,351,162號、歐洲專利第1 394 221號及PCT公開案第WO 04/63289號中所描述之方法製備,該等文獻中之每一者亦以引入的方式全部併入本文中。
所連接之有機基團係根據多種因素來選擇,該等因素包括溶劑特定類型以及分散液之預期用途。其藉由調整改質顏料分散液之特性而具有更大靈活性。該有機基團包含至少一個離子基團、至少一個可電離基團或至少一個離子基團與至少一個可電離基團之混合物。離子基團為陰離子基團或陽離子基團且與具有相反電荷之平衡離子結合,該平衡離子包括無機或有機平衡離子,諸如Na+
、K+
、Li+
、NH4 +
、NR'4 +
、乙酸根、NO3 -
、SO4 -2
、OH-
及Cl-
,其中R'表示氫或諸如經取代或未經取代之芳基及/或烷基之有機基團。可電離基團為能夠於水中形成離子基團且在某種程度上於低極性介質中與其平衡離子結合(除非使用添加劑來分離平衡離子)之基團。可電離陰離子之基團形成陰離子且可電離陽離子之基團形成陽離子。因此,該有機基團為有機離子基團或有機可電離基團。該等基團包括彼等於美國專利第5,698,016號中所描述之基團,該專利之描述以引入的方式完全併入本文中。
舉例而言,該改質顏料可包含連接有至少一個陰離子基團之顏料,該陰離子基團為帶負電荷之離子基團。陰離子基團可由具有可形成陰離子之可電離取代基(諸如酸性取代基)的基團產生或可為呈可電離取代基之鹽形式的陰離子。陰離子基團之代表性實例包括-COO-
、-SO3 -
、-OSO3 -
、-HPO3 -
、-OPO3 -2
及-PO3 -2
。可電離陰離子之基團之代表性實例包括-COOH、-SO3
H、-PO3
H2
、-R'SH、-R'OH及-SO2
NHCOR',其中R'表示氫或諸如經取代或未經取代之芳基及/或烷基之有機基團。所連接之基團較佳包含羧酸基、磺酸基、硫酸根或其鹽。舉例而言,連接基團可為有機基團,諸如苯羧酸基、苯二羧酸基、苯三羧酸基、苯磺酸基或其鹽。特定有機離子基團為-C6
H4
-CO2
H、-C6
H4
SO3
H或其鹽。所連接之有機基團亦可為該等基團中之任一者的經取代衍生物。
如另一實例,改質顏料可包含連接有至少一個陽離子基團之顏料,該陽離子基團為帶正電荷之有機離子基團,其可由可形成陽離子之可電離取代基(可電離陽離子之基團)產生,諸如質子化胺。舉例而言,烷基胺或芳基胺可於酸性介質中質子化以形成銨基團-NR'2
H+
,其中R'表示諸如經取代或未經取代之芳基及/或烷基之有機基團。陽離子基團亦可為帶正電荷之有機離子基團。實例包括第四銨基團(-NR'3 +
)及第四鏻基團(-PR'3 +
)。此處,R'表示氫或諸如經取代或未經取代之芳基及/或烷基之有機基團。該連接基團較佳包含烷基胺基團或其鹽或烷基銨基團。
連接基團之量可視分散液之溶劑及所需特性而改變。連接有機基團之量通常為每平方公尺顏料表面積(如例如藉由氮吸附所量測之表面積)約0.001至約10.0微莫耳之有機基團。連接有機基團之量較佳介於約0.1至約5.0微莫耳/平方公尺之間、更佳介於約0.1至約4.0微莫耳/平方公尺之間且最佳介於約0.5至約3.0微莫耳/平方公尺之間。連接之量可視特定連接基團而改變且可視(例如)所連接基團之大小或離子基團之官能性而進行調節。此外,具有一種以上類型之連接基團(諸如非離子或不可帶電基團),尤其能夠於改質顏料上提供額外立體穩定性以便提供最佳綜合效能者亦屬於本發明之範疇內。在該情況下,離子基團或可電離基團之量較佳大於非離子基團之量(以莫耳計)。
該顆粒物質(諸如改質顏料或經氧化之含碳物質)可藉由洗滌(諸如藉由過濾、離心或兩種方法之組合)來純化以移除未反應之原料、副產物鹽及其他反應雜質。該等產物亦可(例如)藉由蒸發(包括噴霧乾燥或塔盤乾燥)分離或其可藉由過濾及乾燥使用熟習此項技術者已知之技術來回收。此外,該顆粒物質(諸如改質顏料或經氧化之含碳物質)可經純化以移除任何不當游離物質,諸如未反應之用以製備顆粒物質的處理劑。使用膜交換或離子交換之已知超濾/透濾技術可用以純化顆粒物質且移除大量游離離子物質及不當物質(若存在)。若顆粒物質為改質顏料或經氧化之含碳物質,則亦可使用平衡離子之可選交換而藉此形成經改質或經氧化之顏料之一部分的平衡離子可使用已知離子交換技術(諸如超濾、逆滲透、離子交換管柱及其類似技術)經替代性平衡離子(包括例如兩親媒性離子)交換或取代。可經交換之平衡離子之特定實例包括(但不限於)Na+
、K+
、Li+
、NH4 +
、Ca2+
、Mg2+
、Cl-
、NO3 -
、NO2 -
、乙酸根及Br-
。
用於本發明中之分散液之顆粒物質視包含顆粒物質之分散液的所需特性而定可具有多種如由氮吸附所量測之BET表面積。如熟習此項技術者已知,較大表面積將對應於較小粒徑。對於碳黑,該粒徑為凝集物粒徑(aggregate particle size),其為可分散之碳黑的最小單位。該顆粒物質較佳為具有介於約10 m2
/g與約1500 m2
/g之間、更佳介於約20 m2
/g與約600 m2
/g之間且最佳介於約50 m2
/g與約300 m2
/g之間的BET表面積之顏料。若所需表面積之顆粒物質並不易用於所需應用,則熟習此項技術者亦完全能想到,可使顆粒物質經受習知尺寸減縮或粉碎技術,諸如介質研磨、球研磨或噴射研磨或超音波處理以使物質縮減至較小粒徑(若需要)。又,該顆粒物質可具有在此項技術中已知之多種粒徑。舉例而言,該顆粒物質可為具有介於約5 nm與約100 nm之間(包括約10 nm與約80 nm之間及15 nm與約50 nm之間)的初始顆粒尺寸之顏料。此外,該顆粒物質可為具有寬範圍鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯吸收(DBP)值之顏料,該值為顏料之結構或分枝的量度。舉例而言,該顏料可為具有約25至400 mL/100 g(包括約30至200 mL/100 g及約50至150 mL/100 g)之DBP值的碳黑。該顏料亦可為具有約5至150 mL/100 g(包括約10至100 mL/100 g及約20至80 mL/100 g)之吸油值(如ISO 787 T5中所述)的有機有色顏料。
本發明之分散液進一步包含至少一種具有50之介電常數之溶劑。合適實例包括醇類、二醇類、醚類(諸如四氫呋喃或乙醚)、酮類(諸如丙酮或甲基乙基酮)、乙酸酯類(諸如乙酸乙酯)、醯胺類(諸如二甲基甲醯胺)、亞碸類(諸如二甲亞碸)、烴類、酯類(諸如丙酸丁酯)及其可混溶性混合物。該溶劑亦可為單體。單體之合適實例包括丙烯酸酯類(諸如單官能性、雙官能性或更高官能性丙烯酸酯)、甲基丙烯酸酯類(諸如單官能性、雙官能性或更高官能性甲基丙烯酸酯)、苯乙烯類(諸如苯乙烯、經取代之苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯、α-甲基苯乙烯)、酯類、二醇類(諸如己二醇)、環氧化物、內酯類(諸如己內酯)及其可混溶性混合物。亦可使用單體及溶劑(諸如上述彼等單體及溶劑)之混合物。該溶劑亦可進一步包含水。然而,因為溶劑之介電常數較低,因此溶劑不僅不可單純為水,而且不可為包含50重量%以上水量的混合物。因此,溶劑為非水性溶劑且水含量應小於50重量%,諸如40重量%、30重量%、20重量%或10重量%。
本發明分散液中之顆粒物質含量可視(例如)顆粒物質類型及溶劑類型而改變。然而,本發明之分散液通常稱為高負載量分散液。“高”意謂顆粒物質之量占分散液總重量10重量%。舉例而言,顆粒物質負載量可占分散液總重量10重量%、15重量%、20重量%、25重量%或30重量%。對於某些應用,分散液較佳包含20重量%或更佳25重量%之顆粒物質。
在本發明之一實施例中,該分散液進一步包含至少一種分散劑,該分散劑為具有至少一個對顆粒物質具有強親和力之基團及至少一個對溶劑具有強親和力之基團的化合物。舉例而言,該分散劑可為於溶劑中形成聯合結構之分散劑。“聯合結構”意謂由分散劑之基團的相互作用所產生之分散劑分子的有組織排列,諸如逆微胞。合適分散劑之實例包括(但不限於)聚氧化烯類(諸如聚氧化乙烯或聚氧化丙烯)、聚酯類(諸如聚己內酯、聚戊內酯、聚(羥基硬脂酸)或聚(羥基油酸))、諸如聚己內醯胺之聚醯胺類、聚丙烯酸酯類、聚苯乙烯類及具有疏水基與親水基之嵌段共聚物。其他實例包括該等物質之胺官能化衍生物(諸如多元胺、第三胺或第四銨官能化衍生物)或酸官能化衍生物(諸如羧酸或膦酸官能化衍生物),諸如包含胺或酸官能基之胺官能化或胺封端之聚氧化烯或丙烯酸系聚合物。其他合適分散劑將為熟習此項技術者已知或可藉由將分散劑添加至溶劑中超出其臨界微胞濃度(CMC)且判定是否形成聯合結構(諸如逆微胞)來鑑別。該等分散劑可於溶劑中形成聯合結構且亦於分散液本身中形成該等結構,亦即在顆粒物質存在下。熟習此項技術者已知之諸如光散射法之技術可用於偵測溶劑或分散液中該等結構之存在。
對於該實施例,可基於顆粒物質類型及分散液之所需綜合特性來選擇特定分散劑。舉例而言,若顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個有機基團之顏料的改質顏料,則分散劑較佳包含至少一個根據顏料所連接之有機基團類型選擇的官能基。舉例而言,若改質顏料包含連接有至少一個陰離子或可電離陰離子之基團之顏料,則發現包含至少一個陽離子或可電離陽離子之官能基之分散劑可較佳用以產生本發明之分散液。特定組合包括連接有至少一個羧酸鹽基團或至少一個磺酸鹽基團之改質顏料及包含至少一個胺基之分散劑。然而,對於此類改質顏料亦可能使用包含至少一個陰離子或可電離陰離子之官能基(諸如羧酸基)之分散劑產生本發明之分散液。此外,若顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陽離子或可電離陽離子之基團之顏料的改質顏料,則發現包含至少一個陰離子或可電離陰離子之官能基(諸如羧酸基)之分散劑可較佳用以產生本發明之分散液。最後,亦發現若改質顏料包含連接有至少一個離子基團、至少一個可電離基團或其混合物之顏料,則包含至少一個非離子官能基(諸如聚醚基團)之分散劑可用於產生本發明之分散液。
分散劑之量可視顆粒物質類型、溶劑類型及顆粒物質負載量而改變。分散劑之量與顏料之量的比通常可介於約0.01比1達至約2.5比1之間且較佳介於約0.1比1達至約1比1之間。雖然可視情況使用分散劑,但發現諸如於溶劑中形成聯合結構且尤其可進一步於分散液中形成聯合結構之分散劑可對本發明之高負載量分散液賦予改良特性,諸如穩定性及低黏度。甚至在分散劑含量較高時亦係如此。
因此,如本文中所描述,本發明係關於包含顆粒物質及低介電常數溶劑,具有可選分散劑的分散液,其中顆粒物質之含量較高且其中分散液之黏度較低。“分散液”意謂包含具有小於或等於約500 nm、較佳小於或等於約300 nm、更佳小於或等於約200 nm且最佳小於或等於約150 nm之平均粒徑之細粉狀顆粒的兩相系統,該等顆粒均勻分布於整個液相中。亦發現該等分散液為穩定分散液。“穩定”意謂分散特性並不隨時間及/或隨特定條件(諸如溫度)之變化而有所改變。顆粒物質之分散液保持分散液狀態。因此,舉例而言,分散液中顆粒物質之平均粒徑可小於500 nm、較佳小於300 nm、更佳小於200 nm且最佳小於150 nm,且該粒徑亦並不隨時間(諸如經幾個星期)或溫度變化(諸如在高溫下,包括高於約70℃、高於80℃或高於90℃)而有所改變。在高於70℃之溫度下歷經1週之平均粒徑變化較佳小於約10%且更佳小於約5%。令人驚訝地,甚至在上述高顆粒物質負載量下亦係如此。如以上所論述,若顆粒物質為碳黑基顏料,則該粒徑將相當於集料粒徑。如另一實例,本發明之分散液並不隨時間產生高含量之沉澱物。因此,分散液之固體含量基本上保持不變。已發現在室溫下歷經4週或在高於70℃之溫度下歷經2週之固體含量變化不超過約10%且較佳低於約5%。
因此令人驚訝地發現,顆粒物質之穩定高負載量分散液可形成於低介電常數溶劑(諸如50)中。進一步發現,甚至當顆粒物質負載量較高(包括10重量%)時可形成具有50 cP(包括40 cP、30 cP、20 cP且甚至10 cP)之黏度的該等穩定分散液。舉例而言,發現本發明之尤其較佳分散液於非水性溶劑中在約20-30重量%之顆粒物質負載量下具有約10 cp或更低之黏度且發現其穩定。此舉尤其對於本發明之彼實施例而言令人驚訝,其中顆粒物質為離子性改質顆粒,諸如包含連接有至少一個離子基團或可電離基團之顏料的經氧化之含碳物質或改質顏料。如上所述,因為將不預期顏料所連接之可帶電基團於非水性系統中帶電,所以將預期該等組合物尤其在高負載量下於非水性溶劑中將具有高黏度。因此將預期該等顏料彼此相互作用而藉此尤其隨時間增加分散液之黏度。實情為已發現該等分散液之黏度較低且該黏度並不隨時間而有所改變。此外,本發明之分散液具有大體上與所用溶劑之黏度相同之黏度。因此,發現分散液之黏度比溶劑之黏度高約10%以下、較佳約5%以下且更佳約1%以下。
本發明之分散液可使用在此項技術中已知之任何方法製備。該分散液較佳藉由以任何順序組合顆粒物質、溶劑及(若使用)分散劑來製備。舉例而言,顆粒物質及溶劑可在攪拌下組合以產生穩定分散液且(若使用)可添加分散劑。又,若顆粒物質可分散於水中,則顆粒物質之該分散液之水性溶劑可與分散液之溶劑交換。溶劑交換法之實例包括透濾/超濾及在蒸發水性溶劑期間添加溶劑。或者,若使用分散劑,則其可與顆粒物質組合且所得組合可隨後與溶劑組合。顏料、分散劑及溶劑可於在此項技術中已知之任何設備(諸如介質或球或其他高剪切混合設備)中組合。可使用各種習知研磨介質。形成本發明之分散液的其他方法將為熟習此項技術者已知。
本發明之分散液可經進一步純化或分級以移除可由於製造過程而共同存在於分散液中之雜質及其他不當游離物質。舉例而言,該等分散液可經受分級步驟(諸如過濾、微過濾或離心)以大體上移除具有超出約1.0微米尺寸之顆粒。當用於包括(例如)油墨組合物、塗料組合物或用以製備黑色基質之組合物的各種應用時,自分散液中移除雜質亦可改良該等分散液之效能。
因此,本發明進一步係關於包含本發明之分散液之組合物。舉例而言,該等分散液可用於塑料組合物、非水性油墨或塗料、橡膠組合物、紙質組合物及紡織品組合物中。詳言之,該等顏料可用於非水性組合物中,其包括(例如)汽車及工業塗料、傳導性塗料、用於在製備成影像製品中製備遮蔽物或暫時性遮蔽物之塗料組合物、油漆、調色劑、黏合劑及油墨(諸如包括工業噴墨應用之非水性噴墨油墨組合物)。
舉例而言,本發明進一步係關於一種包含本發明之分散液之非水性油墨組合物,諸如非水性噴墨油墨組合物。所用分散液之量可為使得顆粒物質(諸如顏料)以在不對油墨效能產生有害影響之情況下以有效提供所需影像品質(例如光學密度)之量存在於油墨組合物中的任何量。分散液通常以使得顆粒物質以油墨之重量計以低至約0.1重量%、較佳0.5重量%且高達約30重量%、較佳25重量%之量存在的量使用。亦可併有合適添加劑以便賦予大量所需特性同時保持分散液及所得油墨組合物之穩定性。舉例而言,可添加習知界面活性劑及/或分散劑、保濕劑、乾燥促進劑、浸透劑、共溶劑及黏合劑以及在此項技術中已知之其他添加劑。特定添加劑之量將視多種因素而改變,但通常在介於以油墨組合物之總重量計0重量%與40重量%之間的範圍內。使用包含不同顆粒物質之本發明之分散液的混合物以及本發明之分散液與習知顆粒物質分散液的混合物亦屬於本發明之範圍內。
本發明亦進一步係關於一種包含本發明之分散液的非水性塗料組合物,諸如可固化塗料組合物。在一實施例中,該塗料組合物可用以製備黑色基質,尤其以下更詳述之本發明之黑色基質,該黑色基質可(例如)用於液晶顯示裝置之濾色器。又,若特定物質包含有機有色顏料,則塗料組合物可用以製備濾色器本身。塗料組合物較佳進一步包含樹脂,諸如可固化樹脂。又,亦可添加習知共溶劑,諸如乙酸丁酯、乙二醇乙醚(ethylcellosolve)、乙酸乙二醇乙醚、乙二醇丁醚、乙酸乙二醇丁醚、乙基二甘醇(ethylcarbitol)、乙基二甘醇乙酸酯、二乙二醇、環己酮、丙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、乳酸酯及其混合物。亦可添加水性溶劑,包括(例如)水及水溶性醇類,但水之量應低於50重量%。
該可固化樹脂可為在此項技術中已知之任何樹脂。舉例而言,樹脂可為環氧雙酚A樹脂或環氧酚醛清漆樹脂。該樹脂亦可為丙烯酸系樹脂、聚醯亞胺樹脂、胺基甲酸酯樹脂、聚酯樹脂、纖維素或明膠。該樹脂為可以加熱方式或經任何輻射源(諸如紅外或紫外輻射)固化之樹脂。以此方式,可固化塗料組合物可具有光敏性(亦即可藉由輻射固化)或熱敏性(亦即可藉由改變溫度(諸如藉由加熱)固化)。當樹脂可藉由輻射固化時,可固化塗料組合物可進一步包含在吸收光之後使各別顏料產生自由基的光引發劑。亦可包括諸如丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、環氧化物或苯乙烯系物之單體。
可固化塗料組合物可使用最少其他組份(添加劑及/或共溶劑)及處理步驟形成。然而,亦可包括諸如界面活性劑及共溶劑之添加劑。舉例而言,當使用諸如環氧雙酚A或環氧清漆型酚醛樹脂之光敏性樹脂時,亦可添加光引發劑。亦可添加單體及/或寡聚物。
該塗料組合物可用於製備可(例如)用於液晶顯示裝置中之濾色器的黑色基質。因此,本發明進一步係關於一種包含本發明之分散液之黑色基質組合物。該黑色基質可使用在此項技術中已知之任何方法形成。舉例而言,黑色基質可藉由塗覆包含改質顏料之黑色基質組合物於基板上,固化所得可固化成影像塗料且使經固化之塗料顯影且乾燥來形成。
將藉由下列實際上意欲僅為例示性之實例進一步闡明本發明。
實例1-12描述本發明之分散液的製備。
實例1:
將20.0 g改質有色顏料(藉由乾燥Cab-O-Jet250C有色顏料分散液來製備,該有色顏料分散液為可購自Cabot Corporation之包含連接有磺酸鹽基團之青色顏料的改質顏料水性分散液)、6 g Disperbyk BYK163(可自BYK Chemie購得之胺官能化分散劑)、13 g Joncryl 611(可自Johnson Polymer,Inc.購得之丙烯酸系共聚物)及作為溶劑之61 g乙酸丁酯量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(Brookfield viscometer)(主軸000)量測分散液(20%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現其在100 RPM下為5.4 cP。使用Microtrac粒徑分析儀量測分散液中之顆粒物質之平均體積粒徑(mV)且發現其為0.67 μm。包括丙烯酸系共聚物之該分散液可用作非水性塗料組合物。
實例2:
將15.0 g改質有色顏料(藉由乾燥Cab-O-Jet250C有色顏料分散液來製備,該有色顏料分散液為可購自Cabot Corporation之包含連接有磺酸鹽基團之青色顏料的改質顏料水性分散液)、6 g Disperbyk BYK163(可自BYK Chemie購得之胺官能化分散劑)、15 g Joncryl 611(可自Johnson Polymer,Inc.購得之丙烯酸系共聚物)及作為溶劑之64 g乙酸丁酯量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(主軸000)量測分散液(15%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現其在100 RPM下為7.2 cP。使用Microtrac粒徑分析儀量測分散液中之顆粒物質之平均體積粒徑(mV)且發現其為0.17 μm。包括丙烯酸系共聚物之該分散液可用作非水性塗料組合物。
實例3:
將15.0 g改質有色顏料(使用2.4 mmol/g對胺基苯磺酸、化學計量量之亞硝酸鈉及顏料紅254,藉由添加氫氧化鈉將所得水性改質顏料分散液之pH調整至8-10且乾燥分散液使其體積縮減來製備)、6 g Disperbyk BYK163(可自BYK Chemie購得之胺官能化分散劑)、15 g Joncryl 611(可自Johnson Polymer,Inc.購得之丙烯酸系共聚物)及作為溶劑之64 g乙酸丁酯量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(主軸000)量測分散液(15%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現其在100 RPM下為1.7 cP。使用Microtrac粒徑分析儀量測分散液中之顆粒物質之平均體積粒徑(mV)且發現其為0.19 μm。包括丙烯酸系共聚物之該分散液可用作非水性塗料組合物。
實例4:
將15.0 g改質有色顏料(藉由乾燥Cab-O-Jet554B有色顏料分散液來製備,該有色顏料分散液為可購自Cabot Corporation之包含連接有磺酸鹽基團之紫色顏料的改質顏料水性分散液)、6 g Disperbyk BYK163(可自BYK Chemie購得之胺官能化分散劑)、15 g Joncryl 611(可自Johnson Polymer,Inc.購得之丙烯酸系共聚物)及作為溶劑之64 g乙酸丁酯量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(主軸000)量測分散液(15%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現在100 RPM下其為1.5 cP。使用Microtrac粒徑分析儀量測分散液中之顆粒物質之平均體積粒徑(mV)且發現其為0.23 μm。包括丙烯酸系共聚物之該分散液可用作非水性塗料組合物。
實例5:
將28.8 g包含連接有磺酸鹽基團之碳黑的改質顏料(使用6 μmol/m2
對胺基苯磺酸、化學計量之亞硝酸鈉及Regal250碳黑,藉由添加氫氧化鈉將所得水性改質顏料分散液之pH調整至8-10且乾燥分散液使其體積縮減來製備)、15.0 g Solsperse 32500(可自Noveon購得之胺官能化分散劑)、作為溶劑之94 g Dowanol PM(可自Dow購得)、7.5 g三(丙二醇)二丙烯酸酯及15 g異戊四醇三丙烯酸酯量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(主軸18)量測分散液(18%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現其在100 RPM下為6.48 cP。使用Microtrac粒徑分析儀量測分散液中之顆粒物質之平均體積粒徑(mV)且發現其為0.074 μm。包括可固化單體之該分散液可用作供工業噴墨印刷之可固化油墨組合物。
實例6:
將8.8 g包含連接有磺酸鹽基團之碳黑之改質顏料(使用6 μmol/m2
對胺基苯磺酸、化學計量之亞硝酸鈉及Regal330碳黑,藉由添加氫氧化鈉將所得水性改質顏料分散液之pH調整至8-10且乾燥所得水性分散液使其體積縮減來製備)、4.5 g Solsperse 32500(可自Noveon購得之胺官能化分散劑)、作為溶劑之28.9 g Dowanol PM(可自Dow購得)、2.3 g三(丙二醇)二丙烯酸酯及4.5 g異戊四醇三丙烯酸酯量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(主軸18)量測分散液(18%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現其在100 RPM下為6.48 cP。使用Microtrac粒徑分析儀量測分散液中之顆粒物質之平均體積粒徑(mV)且發現其為0.074 μm。包括可固化單體之該分散液可用作供工業噴墨印刷之可固化油墨組合物。
實例7:
將20 g包含連接有磺酸鹽基團之碳黑之改質顏料(使用6 μmol/m2
對胺基苯磺酸、化學計量量之亞硝酸鈉及Regal330碳黑,藉由添加氫氧化鈉將所得水性改質顏料分散液之pH調整至8-10且乾燥所得水性分散液使其體積縮減來製備)、4 g Solsperse 20000(可自Noveon購得之胺官能化分散劑)及作為溶劑之100 g甲醇量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(主軸S00)量測分散液(16%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現其在100 RPM下為18.0 cP。使該試樣在50℃下經受加速老化36小時且發現在加速老化後之黏度為19.0 cP。
實例8:
將9.98 g包含連接有磺酸鹽基圍之碳黑之改質顏料(使用6 μmol/m2
對胺基苯磺酸、化學計量量之亞硝酸鈉及Regal250碳黑,藉由添加氫氧化鈉將所得水性改質顏料分散液之pH調整至8-10且乾燥所得水性分散液使其體積縮減來製備)、2.12 g Tergitol L-61(可自Noveon購得之非離子聚醚多元醇分散劑)及作為溶劑之100 g甲醇量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(主軸S00)量測分散液(9%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現其在100 RPM下為2.5 cP。當除去乙二醇溶劑時獲得類似特性。因此,將預期若該調配物中顏料之量增至10%負載量,則亦將觀察到類似結果。
實例9:
將8.88 g包含連接有磺酸鹽基團之碳黑之改質顏料(使用6 μmol/m2
對胺基苯磺酸、化學計量量之亞硝酸鈉及Regal250碳黑,藉由添加氫氧化鈉將所得水性改質顏料分散液之pH調整至8-10且乾燥所得水性分散液使其體積縮減來製備)、0.82 g Solsperse 20000(可自Noveon購得之胺官能化分散劑)及作為溶劑之40.84 g甲醇及49.5 g乙二醇量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用Microtrac粒徑分析儀量測該分散液(9%顏料負載量)中之顆粒物質之平均體積粒徑(mV)且發現其為0.015 μm。使該試樣在50℃下經受加速加熱老化3天且發現平均體積直徑粒徑為0.015 μm。當除去乙二醇溶劑時獲得類似特性。因此,將預期若該調配物中顏料之量增至10%負載量,則亦將觀察到類似結果。
實例10:
將20.1 g包含連接有磺酸基之黃色顏料的改質有色顏料(藉由乾燥Cab-O-Jet270Y有色顏料分散液來製備,該有色顏料分散液為可購自Cabot Corporation之包含連接有磺酸鹽基團之黃色顏料的改質顏料水性分散液)、13.5 g Disperbyk BYK163(可自BYK Chemie購得之胺官能化分散劑)及作為溶劑之100 g丙酸正丁酯量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(主軸18)量測分散液(15%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現其在100 RPM下為18 cP。使用Microtrac粒徑分析儀量測分散液中之顆粒物質之平均體積粒徑(mV)且發現其為0.37 μm。使該試樣在50℃下經受加速加熱老化3天且發現平均體積直徑粒徑為0.37 μm。
實例11:
將19.9 g包含連接有羧酸鹽基團之洋紅顏料之改質有色顏料(使用0.7 mmol/g對胺基苯甲酸、化學計量量之亞硝酸鈉及顏料紅122且乾燥所得水性改質顏料分散液使其體積縮減來製備)、13.2 g Disperbyk BYK163(可自BYK Chemie購得之胺官能化分散劑)及作為溶劑之101 g丙酸正丁酯量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(主軸18)量測分散液(15%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現其在60 RPM下為11 cP。
實例12:
將10.8 g改質有色顏料(藉由乾燥Cab-O-Jet740有色顏料分散液來製備,該有色顏料分散液為可購自Cabot Corporation之包含連接有磺酸鹽基團之黃色顏料的改質顏料水性分散液)、3.8 g Anti-Terra U(可自BYK Chemie購得之不飽和多元胺醯胺與低分子酸之鹽)及作為溶劑之60 g 1-甲氧基-2-丙醇量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用布絡克菲爾德黏度計(主軸18)量測分散液(14%顏料負載量)之黏度且發現其在60 RPM下為11 cP。
實例13:
將30 g包含連接有磺酸鹽基團之碳黑之改質顏料(使用6 μmol/m2
對胺基苯磺酸、化學計量量之亞硝酸鈉及Regal250碳黑,藉由添加氫氧化鈉將所得水性改質顏料分散液之pH調整至8-10且乾燥水性分散液使其體積縮減來製備)、15 g Disperbyk 163(自BYK-chemie購得之胺官能化分散劑)及作為溶劑之55 g甲基乙基酮量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且藉由於Skandex混合器上混合來製備分散液。使用油漆過濾器移除該等玻璃珠。使用Microtrac粒徑分析儀量測該分散液(9%顏料負載量)中之顆粒物質之平均體積粒徑(mV)且發現其為0.15 μm。使該試樣在70℃下經受加速加熱老化7天且發現平均體積直徑粒徑為0.15 μm。
比較實例1:
將17 g Regal250碳黑(可購自Cabot Corporation)、3.06 g Tergitol L-61(可自Noveon購得之非離子聚醚多元醇)及作為溶劑之100 g乙二醇量入容器中。向其中添加2 mm玻璃珠且混合之後即形成糊狀物。因此,雖然負載量與實例1-12之負載量(14%顏料負載量)相似,但並未獲得具有低黏度之分散液。
本發明之較佳實施例之以上描述係為達成說明及描述之目的而提供。其並不意欲為詳盡的或將本發明限於所揭示之精確形式。修改及變化根據上述教示係可能的或可由實施本發明而獲得。選擇且描述該等實施例以便說明本發明及其實際應用之原理以使熟習此項技術者能夠於各種實施例中及在作出適用於所預期之特定用途的各種修改下使用本發明。預期本發明之範疇係由隨附申請專利範圍及其等效物界定。
Claims (37)
- 一種藉由以任何順序組合顆粒物質、分散劑及溶劑來製備之分散液,其中a)該溶劑具有50之介電常數;b)該分散液為具有50 cP之黏度的穩定分散液;且c)該顆粒物質之含量占該分散液總重量之10重量%,且其中i)該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陰離子或可電離陰離子之基團之顏料的改質顏料且該分散劑包含至少一個陽離子或可電離陽離子之基團;ii)該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陽離子或可電離陽離子之基團之顏料的改質顏料且該分散劑包含至少一個陰離子或可電離陰離子之基團;或iii)該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陰離子或可電離陰離子之基團之顏料的改質顏料且該分散劑包含至少一個陰離子或可電離陰離子之基團。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該顆粒物質之含量占該分散液總重量之20重量%。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該顏料為含碳顏料或有機有色顏料。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該顏料包含藍色顏料、黑色顏料、棕色顏料、青色顏料、綠色顏料、白色顏料、紫色顏料、洋紅色顏料、紅色顏料、黃色顏料、橙色顏料或其混合物。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該有機基團包含至少一個羧酸基、至少一個磺酸基或其鹽。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該有機基團為基團-C6 H4 -COOH、基團-C6 H4 -SO3 H或其鹽。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陰離子基團之顏料的改質顏料且該分散劑包含至少一個可電離陽離子之基團;且其中該陰離子基團為羧酸鹽基團或磺酸鹽基團且該可電離陽離子之基團為胺基。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陽離子基團之顏料的改質顏料且該分散劑包含至少一個可電離陰離子之基團,且其中該陽離子基團為第四胺基團且該可電離陰離子之基團為羧酸基團。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陰離子基團之顏料的改質顏料且該分散劑包含至少一個可電離陰離子之基團,且其中該陰離子基團為羧酸鹽基團或磺酸鹽基團且該可電離陰離子之基團為羧酸基團。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該溶劑為醇、醚、酮、酯、醯胺、亞碸、烴或其可混溶性混合物。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該溶劑進一步包含20重量%之水。
- 如請求項1之分散液,其中該溶劑為單體。
- 一種塗料組合物,其包含如請求項1之分散液。
- 一種油墨組合物,其包含如請求項1之分散液。
- 如請求項14之油墨組合物,其中該油墨組合物為非水性噴墨油墨組合物。
- 一種黑色基質組合物,其包含如請求項1之分散液。
- 一種包含顆粒物質及溶劑之分散液,其中a)該顆粒物質之含量占該分散液總重量之25重量%;b)該溶劑具有50之介電常數;且c)該分散液為具有50 cP之黏度的穩定分散液。
- 如請求項17之分散液,其中該顆粒物質包含藍色顏料、黑色顏料、棕色顏料、青色顏料、綠色顏料、白色顏料、紫色顏料、洋紅色顏料、紅色顏料、黃色顏料、橙色顏料或其混合物。
- 如請求項17之分散液,其中該顆粒物質為經氧化之含碳物質。
- 如請求項17之分散液,其中該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個有機基團之顏料的改質顏料,其中該有機基團包含至少一個離子基團、至少一個可電離基團或其混合物。
- 如請求項20之分散液,其中該顏料為含碳顏料或有機有色顏料。
- 如請求項20之分散液,其中該顏料包含藍色顏料、黑色顏料、棕色顏料、青色顏料、綠色顏料、白色顏料、紫色顏料、洋紅色顏料、紅色顏料、黃色顏料、橙色顏料或其混合物。
- 如請求項20之分散液,其中該有機基團包含至少一個羧酸基、至少一個磺酸基或其鹽。
- 如請求項20之分散液,其中該有機基團為基團-C6 H4 -COOH、基團-C6 H4 -SO3 H或其鹽。
- 如請求項17之分散液,其中該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陰離子基團之顏料的改質顏料且其中該分散液進一步包含含有至少一個可電離陽離子之官能基之分散劑。
- 如請求項25之分散液,其中該陰離子基團為羧酸鹽基團或磺酸鹽基團且該可電離陽離子之基團為胺基。
- 如請求項17之分散液,其中該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陽離子基團之顏料的改質顏料且其中該分散液進一步包含含有至少一個可電離陰離子之官能基之分散劑。
- 如請求項27之分散液,其中該陽離子基團為第四胺基團且該可電離陰離子之基團為羧酸基團。
- 如請求項17之分散液,其中該顆粒物質為包含連接有至少一個陰離子基團之顏料的改質顏料且其中該分散液進一步包含含有至少一個可電離陰離子之官能基之分散劑。
- 如請求項29之分散液,其中該陰離子基團為羧酸鹽基團或磺酸鹽基團且該可電離陰離子之基團為羧酸基團。
- 如請求項17之分散液,其中該溶劑為醇、醚、酮、酯、醯胺、亞碸、烴或其可混溶性混合物。
- 如請求項17之分散液,其中該溶劑進一步包含20重量%之水。
- 如請求項17之分散液,其中該溶劑為單體。
- 一種塗料組合物,其包含如請求項17之分散液。
- 一種油墨組合物,其包含如請求項17之分散液。
- 如請求項35之油墨組合物,其中該油墨組合物為非水性噴墨油墨組合物。
- 一種黑色基質組合物,其包含如請求項17之分散液。
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| EP2099869B1 (en) | 2006-10-31 | 2013-05-01 | Sensient Colors Inc. | Modified pigments and methods for making and using the same |
| BRPI0813650A2 (pt) * | 2007-06-28 | 2014-12-30 | Cabot Corp | Luz para aquecimento de camada de conversão incorporando pigmento modificado |
| US7964033B2 (en) | 2007-08-23 | 2011-06-21 | Sensient Colors Llc | Self-dispersed pigments and methods for making and using the same |
| US20100000441A1 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-01-07 | Jang Bor Z | Nano graphene platelet-based conductive inks |
| CA2923361C (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2018-10-09 | Greenhill Antiballistics Corporation | Composite material |
| CN102203192A (zh) * | 2008-08-22 | 2011-09-28 | 森馨颜色有限责任公司 | 自分散颜料及其制造和使用方法 |
| JP5524536B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-25 | 2014-06-18 | 理想科学工業株式会社 | 非水系顔料インク |
| WO2010118187A2 (en) | 2009-04-07 | 2010-10-14 | Sensient Colors Inc. | Self-dispersing particles and methods for making and using the same |
| US9238736B2 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2016-01-19 | Cabot Corporation | Surface modified organic black pigments, surface modified carbon blacks, pigment mixtures using them, and low dielectric black dispersions, coatings, films, black matrices, and devices containing same |
| US10926513B2 (en) | 2010-10-18 | 2021-02-23 | Greenhill Antiballistics Corporation | Gradient nanoparticle-carbon allotrope-polymer composite material |
| US9682368B2 (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2017-06-20 | Rennovia Inc. | Shaped porous carbon products |
| US11253839B2 (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2022-02-22 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Shaped porous carbon products |
| US10464048B2 (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2019-11-05 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Porous shaped metal-carbon products |
| US10722867B2 (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2020-07-28 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Porous shaped carbon products |
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- 2007-05-16 KR KR1020087030564A patent/KR101378271B1/ko active Active
- 2007-05-16 TW TW096117425A patent/TWI415905B/zh active
- 2007-05-16 WO PCT/US2007/011704 patent/WO2007136643A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-05-16 JP JP2009511046A patent/JP2009537663A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-05-16 EP EP07777088.1A patent/EP2024446B1/en active Active
- 2007-05-16 CN CN200780023522.1A patent/CN101484536B/zh active Active
- 2007-05-16 TW TW096117417A patent/TWI414565B/zh active
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2013
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2016
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| US20050090582A1 (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2005-04-28 | Toru Ushirogouchi | Pigment dispersion, precursor of ink for UV-curing type ink-jet recording, method of ink-jet recording, printed matter, and method of manufacturing pigment dispersion |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101484536A (zh) | 2009-07-15 |
| KR101378271B1 (ko) | 2014-03-27 |
| EP2024446A2 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
| WO2007136643A2 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
| TW200801131A (en) | 2008-01-01 |
| CN101484536B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
| JP2016128573A (ja) | 2016-07-14 |
| TW200801128A (en) | 2008-01-01 |
| JP2009537663A (ja) | 2009-10-29 |
| TWI415905B (zh) | 2013-11-21 |
| JP6005620B2 (ja) | 2016-10-12 |
| US20070295242A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
| JP2014111743A (ja) | 2014-06-19 |
| EP2024446B1 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
| WO2007136540A2 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
| KR20090011033A (ko) | 2009-01-30 |
| WO2007136540A3 (en) | 2008-09-12 |
| US8585816B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 |
| WO2007136643A3 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
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