TWI478562B - Response frame modulation coding set (mcs) selection within single user, multiple user, multiple access, and/or mimo wireless communications - Google Patents

Description

Communication device and communication device operation method

The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/505,504, filed on Jul. 6, 2011, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. portion.

Reference incorporation

The following IEEE Standard/Draft IEEE standards are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety in their entirety in their entirety in their entirety in their entireties in

1. IEEE Std 802.11 ^TM -2012, "IEEE Standard for Information technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements; Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications , IEEE Computer Society, sponsored by the LAN/MAN Standards Committee, IEEE Std 802.11 ^TM -2012 (Revision of IEEE Std 802.11-2007), a total of 2793 pages (incl.pp.i-xcvi, 1-2695).

2. IEEE Std 802.11n ^TM -2012, "IEEE Standard for Information technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements; Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Amendment 5: Enhancements for Higher Throughput, "IEEE Computer Society, IEEE Std 802.11n ^TM -2009 (Revision of IEEE Std 802.11 ^TM -2007, by IEEE Std 802.11k ^TM -2008, IEEE Std 802.11r ^TM -2008, IEEE Std 802.11y ^TM -2008 and IEEE Std 802.11r ^TM -2009 revision), 536 pages in total (incl.pp.i-xxxii, 1-502).

3. IEEE Draft P802.11-REVmb ^TM /D12, November 2011 (Revision of IEEE Std 802.11 ^TM -2007, by EEE Std 802.11k ^TM -2008, IEEE Std 802.11r ^TM -2008, IEEE Std 802.11y ^TM -2008, IEEE Std 802.11w ^TM -2009, IEEE Std 802.11n ^TM -2009, IEEE Std 802.11p ^TM -2010, IEEE Std 802.11z ^TM -2010, IEEE Std 802.11v ^TM -2011, IEEE Std 802.11u ^TM -2011 And IEEE Std 802.11s ^TM -2011 revision), "IEEE Standard for Information technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements; Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) )Specifications," was drafted by the 802.11 Working Group of the LAN/MAN Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society for a total of 2910 pages ((incl.pp.i-cxxviii, 1-2782).

4. IEEE P802.11ac ^TM /D2.1, March 2012, "Draft STANDARD for Information Technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements, Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC And Physical Layer (PHY) specifications, Amendment 4: Enhancements for Very High Throughput for Operation in Bands below 6 GHz," drafted by the 802.11 Working Group of the 802 Committee, 363 pages in total (incl.pp.i-xxv, 1- 338).

5. IEEE P802.11ad ^TM /D6.0, March 2012, (Amendment Drafting According to IEEE P802.11 REVmb D12.0), (Revision of IEEE P802.11 REVmb D12.0, by IEEE 802.11ae D8. 0 and IEEE 802.11aa D9.0 revision), "IEEE P802.11ad ^TM /D6.0 Draft Standard for Information Technology-Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems-Local and Metropolitan Area Networks-Specific Requirements-Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications-Amendment 3: Enhancements for Very High Throughput in the 60 GHz Band, "Sponsor: IEEE 802.11 Committee of the IEEE Computer Society, IEEE-SA Standards Board, 664 pages in total.

6. IEEE Std 802.11ae ^TM -2012, "IEEE Standard for Information technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements; Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications,""Revision 1: Prioritization of Management Frames," IEEE Computer Society, sponsored by the LAN/MAN Standards Committee, IEEE Std 802.11ae ^TM -2012, (Revision of IEEE Std 802.11 ^TM -2012), 52 pages in total (incl .pp.i-xii, 1-38).

7. IEEE P802.11af ^TM /D1.06,2012年March, (IEEE Std 802.11REVmb ^TM /D12.0 revised by the ^{IEEE Std 802.11ae TM /D8.0,IEEE Std 802.11aa TM} / D9. 0, IEEE Std 802.11ad ^TM /D5.0 and IEEE Std 802.11ac ^TM /D2.0 Amendment), "Draft Standard for Information Technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements-Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications-Amendment 5: TV White Spaces Operation, "Drafted by 802.11 Working, Group of the IEEE 802 Committee, a total of 140 pages (incl.pp.i-xxii, 1 -118).

Field of the Invention This invention relates generally to communication systems; more specifically, to selecting modulation coding groups (MCS) and associated communication parameters for use with various communication devices operating within such communication systems.

Communication systems are known for supporting wireless and wired communication between wireless and/or wired communication devices. Such communication systems range from national and/or international cellular telephone systems to the Internet to point-to-point home wireless networks. These various communication systems are formed so that these communication systems operate in accordance with one or more communication standards. For example, a wireless communication system can operate in accordance with one or more standards including, but not limited to, IEEE 802.11x, Bluetooth, Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS), Digital AMPS, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access ( CDMA), Local Multipoint Distributed System (LMDS), Multi-Channel Multi-Point Distributed Service (MMDS) and/or variants thereof.

Depending on the type of wireless communication system, wireless communication devices, such as cellular phones, two-way radios, personal digital assistants (PDAs), personal computers (PCs), Laptops, home entertainment devices, etc. communicate directly or indirectly with other wireless communication devices. For direct communication (also known as point-to-point communication), participating wireless communication devices adjust their receivers and transmitters to one or more channels (eg, one of multiple radio frequency (RF) carriers of a wireless communication system) And communicate through this or these channels. For indirect wireless communication, each wireless communication device communicates directly with an associated base station (e.g., for cellular services) and/or an associated access point (e.g., for a home or indoor wireless network) through an assigned channel. In order to complete communication connections between wireless communication devices, the associated base stations and/or associated access points pass through the system controller, through the public switched telephone network, through the Internet, and/or through some other wide area network. Communicate directly with each other.

For each wireless communication device participating in wireless communication, including embedded wireless transceivers (ie, receivers and transmitters) or coupled to associated wireless transceivers (eg, for home and/or indoor wireless communication networks, RF modem). As is known, the receiver is coupled to the antenna and includes a low noise amplifier, one or more intermediate frequency stages, a filtering stage, and a data recovery stage. The low noise amplifier receives the inbound RF signal through the antenna. The one or more intermediate frequency stages mix the amplified RF signal with one or more local oscillations to convert the amplified RF signal to a baseband signal or an intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The filtering stage filters the baseband signal or the intermediate frequency signal to attenuate unwanted signals from the band signal to produce a filtered signal. The data recovery level recovers the original data from the filtered signal according to a specific wireless communication standard.

It is also well known that a transmitter includes a data modulation stage, one or more intermediate frequency stages, and a power amplifier. The data modulation stage converts the original data into a baseband signal according to a specific wireless communication standard. One or more intermediate frequency mixing bases A signal and one or more local oscillations are generated to generate a radio frequency signal. The power amplifier amplifies the RF signal through the antenna before transmission.

Generally, a transmitter includes an antenna for transmitting a radio frequency signal, and a single antenna or a plurality of antennas (or a plurality of antennas) of the receiver receive the radio frequency signal. When the receiver includes two or more antennas, the receiver selects an antenna to receive the input RF signal. In this case, even if the receiver includes multiple antennas serving as different antennas (ie, one antenna is selected to receive the input RF signal), the wireless communication between the transmitter and the receiver is a single output single input (SISO) )communication. For single-output, single-input wireless communications, most wireless local area networks (WLANs) use single-output, single-input wireless communications, and wireless local area networks are IEEE 802.11, 802.11a, 802.11b, or 802.11g.

Other types of wireless communications include single-input multiple-output (SIMO), multiple-input single-output (MISO), and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). In SIMO wireless communication, a single transmitter processes the data as a radio frequency signal that is transmitted to the receiver. The receiver includes two or more antennas and two or more receiver paths. Each antenna receives radio frequency signals and provides these signals to corresponding receiver paths (eg, LNA, down conversion module, filter, and ADC). Each receiver path processes the received radio frequency signals to produce digital signals, combines and processes the signals to reacquire the transmitted data.

For multi-input single-output (MISO) wireless communication, the transmitter includes two or more transmission paths (for example, digital-to-analog converters, filters, up-conversion modules, and power amplifiers), and the transmission path corresponds to the baseband signal. The part is converted into a radio frequency signal, which is sent to the corresponding antenna receiver. The receiver includes a single receiver path that receives a plurality of radio frequency signals from the transmitter. In this case, the receiver uses beamforming to combine multiple RF signals into one signal for processing.

For Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless communication, both the transmitter and the receiver include multiple paths. In this type of communication, the transmitter uses spatial and temporal coding to process data in parallel to produce two or more data flows. The transmitter includes multiple transmission paths to convert each data stream into multiple RF signals. The receiver receives multiple RF signals through multiple receiver paths, and the receiver path uses the spatial and temporal decoding functions to reacquire the data flow. The original data is restored by combining and subsequently processing the re-acquired data flow.

Through various wireless communications (eg, SISO, MISO, SIMO, and MIMO), it is desirable to use one or more wireless communications to enhance the amount of data in the WLAN. For example, MIMO communication can achieve high data rates compared to SISO communication. However, most WLANs include traditional wireless communication devices (ie, devices that are consistent with legacy wireless communication standards). In this way, transmitters capable of MIMO wireless communication should also be backward compatible with legacy devices to operate in most existing WLANs.

Therefore, there is a need for a WLAN device that can have a high amount of data transfer and is backward compatible with conventional devices.

According to an aspect of the present invention, an apparatus is provided, comprising: at least one antenna, receiving an initiation frame from a communication device; a processor for determining a first modulation coding group (MCS) associated with the initiation block; At least the first MCS and based on interaction with the device and the communication device Selecting a second MCS and generating a response box having the second MCS associated with at least one measured parameter associated with the communication link, wherein the second MCS is associated with the device and the communication device The highest MCS within the base MCS group; and wherein the at least one antenna transmits the response box to the communication device.

Wherein the third MCS for use in the response box is explicitly indicated in the initiation box; and the processor processes the initiation block to obtain the third MCS therefrom, and based on the device and The at least one measured parameter associated with the communication link between the communication devices selects the second MCS by the third MCS.

Wherein the second MCS has a lower order relative to the first MCS.

Wherein the processor selects the second MCS based on at least one of a reduced parameter and a limit parameter provided by the communication device; and when the first MCS is lower than the limit parameter, based on the subtraction Small parameters, the second MCS having a relatively lower order than the first MCS.

Wherein the device is a wireless station (STA); and the communication device is an access point (AP) or at least one other STA.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising: at least one antenna receiving a trigger block from a communication device; a processor for determining a first modulation code group (MCS) associated with the trigger block; Selecting a second MCS based on at least the first MCS and generating a response frame having the second MCS; and wherein the at least one antenna transmits the response box to the communication device.

Wherein the third MCS for use in the response box is explicitly indicated in the initiation box; and the processor processes the initiation block to obtain therefrom Taking the third MCS and selecting the second MCS through the third MCS based on at least one measured parameter associated with a communication link between the device and the communication device.

Wherein the processor selects the second MCS based on at least one measured parameter associated with a communication link between the device and the communication device.

The second MCS is the first MCS.

Wherein the second MCS has a lower order relative to the first MCS.

Wherein the second MCS is the highest MCS in the basic MCS group associated with the device and the communication device.

Wherein the processor selects the second MCS based on at least one of a reduced parameter and a limit parameter provided by the communication device; and when the first MCS is lower than the limit parameter, based on the subtraction Small parameters, the second MCS having a relatively lower order than the first MCS.

Wherein the device is a wireless station (STA); and the communication device is an access point (AP) or at least one other STA.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of operating a communication device, the method comprising: receiving an initiation frame from at least one other communication device via at least one antenna of the communication device; determining a connection associated with the initiation frame a first modulation coding group (MCS); selecting a second MCS based on at least the first MCS and generating a response frame having the second MCS; and transmitting the response frame via the at least one antenna of the communication device Sended to the at least one other communication device.

Wherein the third MCS for the response box is explicitly indicated in the initiation box; and further comprising: processing the initiation frame to Acquiring the third MCS and selecting the second MCS through the third MCS based on at least one measured parameter associated with a communication link between the communication device and the at least one other communication device.

The method further includes selecting the second MCS based on at least one measured parameter associated with a communication link between the communication device and the at least one other communication device.

Wherein the second MCS has a lower order relative to the first MCS.

Wherein the second MCS is the highest MCS in the basic MCS group associated with the device and the communication device.

The second MCS is the highest MCS in the basic MCS group associated with the communication device and the at least one other communication device.

Wherein the second MCS is selected based on at least one of a reduction parameter and a restriction parameter provided by the at least one other communication device; and wherein, when the first MCS is lower than the limit parameter, based on The reduction parameter, the second MCS having a relatively lower order than the first MCS.

The communication device is a wireless station (STA); and the at least one other communication device is an access point (AP) or at least one other STA.

1 is a diagram of one embodiment of a wireless communication system 10 that includes a plurality of base stations and/or access points 12-16, a plurality of wireless communication devices 18-32, and a network hardware component 34. The wireless communication devices 18-32 can be: notebook host computers 18 and 26, personal digital assistant hosts 20 and 30, personal computer hosts 24 and 32, and/or cellular telephone hosts 22 and 28. See Figure 2, more specifically, details of one embodiment of such a wireless communication device.

Base stations (BSs) or access points (APs) 12-16 are operatively coupled to network hardware 34 via area network connections 36, 38, and 40. The network hardware 34 can be a router, switch, bridge, data machine, system controller, etc., providing a wide area network connection 42 for the communication system 10. Each base station or access point 12-16 has an associated antenna or antenna array to communicate with wireless communication devices within its area. Typically, the wireless communication device is aligned with a particular base station or access point 12-14 to receive service from the communication system 10. For direct connections (ie, point-to-point communication), the wireless communication device communicates directly through the assigned channels.

Typically, base stations are used in cellular telephone systems (eg, Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS), Digital AMPS, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Local Multipoint Distributed System (LMDS), multi-channel Multipoint Decentralized Services (MMDS), Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) and / Or a variant thereof, and a similar system for access points for home or indoor wireless networks (eg, IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, ZigBee, any other type of radio-based network protocol and/or variants thereof) . Independent of a particular type of communication system, each wireless communication device includes an embedded radio and/or is coupled to a radio. As described herein, such wireless communication devices can operate in accordance with various aspects of the present invention to enhance performance, reduce cost, reduce size, and/or enhance broadband applications.

2 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a wireless communication device that includes host devices 18-32 and associated radios 60. For cellular power For the host, the radio 60 is an embedded component. For a personal digital assistant host, a notebook host, and/or a personal computer host, the radio 60 can be an embedded or externally coupled component. For an access point or base station, the components are typically housed in a single structure.

As shown, the host device 18-32 includes a processing module 50, a memory 52, a wireless interface 54, an input interface 58, and an output interface 56. Processing module 50 and memory 52 execute corresponding instructions that are typically executed by the host device. For example, for a cellular telephone host device, processing module 50 performs corresponding communication functions in accordance with a particular cellular telephone standard.

The wireless interface 54 allows data to be received from the radio 60 and sent to the radio. For data received from the radio 60 (e.g., inbound data), the wireless interface 54 provides processing module 50 with data for further processing and/or transmission to the output interface 56. The output interface 56 provides a connection to the output display device, such as a display, monitor, speaker, etc., so that the received data can be displayed. The wireless interface 54 also provides the data of the processing module 50 to the radio 60. The processing module 50 can receive outbound data from input devices (eg, keyboards, buttons, microphones, etc.) via the input interface 58 and generate the data itself. For data received through the input interface 58, the processing module 50 can perform corresponding host functions on the material and/or transmit the functionality to the radio 60 via the wireless interface 54.

The radio 60 includes a host interface 62, a baseband processing module 64, a memory 66, a plurality of radio frequency (RF) transmitters 68-72, a transmit/receive (T/R) module 74, a plurality of antennas 82-86, and a plurality of The RF receivers 76-80 and the local oscillator module 100. The baseband processing module 64 performs digital receiver functions and digital transmitter functions in conjunction with operational commands stored in the memory 66. The digital receiver function will be described more specifically in Figure 11B, including but not Limited to digital intermediate frequency, demodulation, constellation demapping, decoding, deinterleaving, fast Fourier transform, loop first code removal, spatial and temporal decoding, and/or descrambling for baseband conversion. Digital transmitter functions are more specifically described in the following figures, including but not limited to scrambling, encoding, interleaving, cluster mapping, modulation, inverse fast Fourier transform, loop first code addition, spatial and temporal coding, and/or The digital baseband for intermediate frequency conversion. The baseband processing module 64 can be executed using one or more processing devices. The processing device can be a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a central processing unit, a current field programmable gate array, a programmable logic device, a state machine, a logic circuit, an analog circuit, Digital circuitry and/or any device that manipulates (analog and/or digital) signals in accordance with operational instructions. Memory 66 can be a single memory device or multiple memory devices. The memory device can be a read-only memory, a random access memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, a static memory, a dynamic storage device, a flash memory, and/or a digital information. Any device. It should be noted that when the processing module 64 performs one or more functions through a state machine, an analog circuit, a digital circuit, and/or a logic circuit, the memory storing the corresponding operation instruction is embedded with a state machine, an analog circuit, and a digital circuit. And/or the circuitry of the logic circuit.

During operation, the radio 60 receives the outbound material 88 from the host device via the host interface 62. The baseband processing module 64 receives the outbound material 88 and generates one or more outbound symbol streams 90 based on the mode selection signal 102. Mode select signal 102 represents a particular mode, as shown in the mode selection table that appears at the end of the discussion. For example, referring to Table 1, mode select signal 102 may represent a 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz band, a channel bandwidth of 20 or 22 MHz (eg, a channel having a width of 20 or 22 MHz), and a maximum bit of 54 million bits per second. Meta rate. In other embodiments, the channel bandwidth Expandable to 1.28 GHz or wider, the maximum supported bit rate is extended to 1 gigabit per second or greater. In this general category, the modulus selection signal further indicates that the particular rate range is from 1 million bits per second to 54 million bits per second. In addition, the mode select signal represents a particular type of modulation including, but not limited to, Barker code modulation, BPSK, QPSK, CCK, 16 QAM, and/or 64 QAM. Further shown in Table 1, the coding rate and the number of coded bits per subcarrier (NBPSC), the number of coded bits per OFDM symbol (NCBPS), and the number of data bits per OFDM symbol (NDBPS) are provided. .

The mode selection symbol also indicates the specific channelization of the corresponding mode, and the information about the corresponding mode in Table 1 is shown in Table 2. As shown in the table, Table 2 includes the channel number and the corresponding center frequency. The mode selection signal may further represent a power spectral density mask value, and the mask values for Table 1 are shown in Table 3. The mode select signal alternatively represents the ratio in Table 4, with a 5 GHz band, a 20 MHz channel bandwidth, and a maximum bit rate of 54 million bits per second. If this is a particular mode selection, then channelization is shown in Table 5. As yet another alternative, mode select signal 102 may represent a 2.4 GHz band, a 20 MHz channel, and a maximum bit rate of 192 megabits per second, as shown in Table 6. In Table 6, multiple antennas are used to achieve a better bit rate. In this case, the mode selection further indicates the number of antennas to be used. Table 7 shows the channelization of the setting table 6. Table 8 shows yet another mode in which the frequency band is 2.4 GHz, the channel bandwidth is 20 MHz, and the maximum bit rate is 192 megabits per second. As shown, the corresponding table 8 includes a plurality of bit rates and spatial coding rates ranging from 12 million bits per second to 216 million bits per second, using 2-4 antennas. Table 9 shows the channelization for Table 8. Mode selection signal 102 can be further The steps represent a particular mode of operation, as shown in Table 10, which corresponds to a frequency band of 5 GHz and a maximum bit rate of 486 megabits per second, with a 40 MHz band with a 40 MHz channel. As shown in Table 10, the bit rate ranges from 13.5 megabits per second to 486 megabits per second, using 1-4 antennas and a corresponding spatial time coding rate. Table 10 further shows the specific modulation scheme coding rate and the NBPSC value. Table 11 provides the power spectral density mask values for Table 10 and Table 12 provides the channelization for Table 10.

Of course, it is to be noted that other types of channels have different bandwidths and can be used in other embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. For example, various other channels may be used alternately, such as those having a bandwidth of 80 MHz, 120 MHz, and/or 160 MHz, such as according to IEEE Task Group ac (TGac VHTL6).

The baseband processing module 64 generates one or more outbound symbol streams 90 from the outbound material 88 based on the module selection signal 102, as further described in Figures 5-9. For example, if the module selection signal 102 represents a particular transmission antenna for a particular mode that has been selected, the baseband processing module 64 will generate a single outbound symbol stream 90. Alternatively, if the mode select signal indicates 2, 3 or 4 antennas, the baseband processing module 64 will generate 2, 3 or 4 outbound symbol streams 90, which correspond to the number of antennas in the outbound data 88.

Depending on the number of outbound symbol streams 90 generated by the baseband module 64, a corresponding number of radio frequency transmitters 68-72 can convert the outbound symbol stream 90 into an outbound radio frequency signal 92. The implementation of the radio frequency transmitters 68-72 is further described in FIG. Transmit/receive module 74 receives outbound RF signal 92 and provides each outbound radio frequency signal to a respective antenna 82-86.

When the radio 60 is in the receive mode, the transmit/receive module 74 receives one or more outbound RF signals via the antennas 82-86. The transmitting/receiving module 74 is One or more RF receivers 76-80 provide an inbound RF signal 94. The radio frequency receivers 76-80 are described in more detail in FIG. 4, which converts the inbound radio frequency signals 94 into a corresponding number of inbound symbol streams 96. The number of inbound symbol streams 96 corresponds to a particular mode in which data is received (this mode can be any of the modes described in Tables 1-12). The baseband processing module 60 receives the inbound symbol stream 90 and converts it into inbound material 98, which is provided to the host device 18-32 via the host interface 62.

In one embodiment of the radio 60, a transmitter and a receiver are included. The transmitter may include a MAC module, a PLCP module, and a PMD module. A Media Access Control (MAC) module can be executed by the processing module 64 operatively coupled to convert a MAC Service Data Unit (MSDU) into a MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) in accordance with a WLAN protocol. A physical layer convergence program (PLCP) module can be implemented within the processing module 64, the physical layer convergence program being operatively coupled to convert the MPDU into a PLCP Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) in accordance with the WLAN protocol. A physical medium correlation (PMD) module is operatively coupled to convert the PPDU into a plurality of radio frequency (RF) signals in accordance with one of a plurality of modes of operation of the WLAN protocol, wherein the plurality of modes of operation include multiple inputs and multiple outputs combination.

10A and 10B depict embodiments of a physical medium correlation (PMD) module in more detail, including an error protection module, a demultiplexing module, and a plurality of direction conversion modules. An error protection module can be implemented within the processing module 64, the error protection module being operatively coupled to adjust the PPDU (PLCP (Physical Layer Convergence Program) physical data unit) to reduce transmission errors in the error protected data. The demultiplexing module is operatively coupled to divide the error protection data into a plurality of error protection data flows. Multiple direct conversion modules It is operatively coupled to convert a plurality of error protection data flows into a plurality of radio frequency (RF) signals.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the wireless communication device of Figure 2 can be implemented using one or more integrated circuits. For example, a host device can be implemented on an integrated circuit, a baseband processing module 64 and a memory 66 can be implemented on the second integrated circuit, and the remaining components of the radio 60 can be executed on the third integrated circuit (less than Antenna 82-86). As an alternative example, the radio 60 can be implemented on a single integrated circuit. As yet another example, the processing module 50 and baseband processing module 64 of the host device are the same processing device that can be executed on a single integrated circuit. Moreover, the memory 52 and the memory 66 can be implemented as a processing module 50 and the same processing module of the baseband processing module 64 on a single integrated circuit and/or the same integrated circuit.

3 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a radio frequency (RF) transmitter 68-72 or a radio frequency front end of a WLAN transmitter. The RF transmitters 68-72 include a digital filter and upsampling module 75, a digital to analog conversion module 77, an analog filter 79 and an up conversion module 81, a power amplifier 83, and an RF filter 85. The digital filter and upsampling module 75 receives an outbound symbol stream 90 and digitizes the symbol stream and then upsamples the rate of the symbol stream to a desired rate to produce a filtered symbol stream 87. The digital to analog conversion module 77 converts the filtered symbol stream 87 into an analog signal 89. Analog symbols can include in-phase and quadrature elements.

The analog filter 79 filters the analog signal 89 to produce a filtered analog signal 91. The up-conversion module 81 can include a pair of mixers and a screening program that mixes the filtered analog signal 91 with the local oscillations 93 generated by the local oscillator module 100 to produce a high frequency signal 95. The frequency of the high frequency signal 95 corresponds to the frequency of the RF signal 92.

The power amplifier 83 amplifies the high frequency signal 95 to produce an amplified high frequency signal 97. The RF filter 85 can be a high frequency band pass filter that filters the amplified high frequency signal 97 to produce the desired outbound RF signal 92.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that each of the RF transmitters 68-72 includes a similar structure, as shown in FIG. 3, and further includes a shutdown mechanism, so that the shutdown mechanism is disabled when a particular RF transmitter is not required. So as not to generate interference signals and / or noise.

4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an RF receiver. This describes any of the RF receivers 76-80. In this embodiment, each of the RF receivers 76-80 includes an RF filter 101, a low noise amplifier (LNA) 103, a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) 105, a down conversion module 107, an analog filter 109, The analog to digital conversion module 111 and the digital filter and downsampling module 113. The RF filter 101 can be a high frequency band pass filter that receives the inbound RF signal 94 and filters the signals to produce a filtered inbound RF signal. The low noise amplifier 103 amplifies the filtered inbound RF signal 94 according to the gain setting and provides the amplified signal to the programmable gain amplifier 105. The programmable gain amplifier further amplifies the inbound RF signal 94 prior to providing the inbound RF signal to the down conversion module 107.

The down conversion module 107 includes a pair of mixers, summing modules, and filters to mix the inbound RF signal with the local oscillation (LO) provided by the local oscillator module to produce an analog baseband signal. The analog filter 109 filters the analog baseband signals and provides the filtered signals to an analog to digital conversion module 111 that converts the signals into digital signals. The digital screening program and downsampling module 113 filters the digital signals and then adjusts the sampling rate to produce digital samples (corresponding to the inbound symbol stream 96).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a method for processing data by baseband. The diagram shows a method by which baseband processing module 64 converts outbound material 88 into one or more outbound symbol streams 90. The process begins at step 110, in which the baseband processing module receives the outbound material 88 and the mode select signal 102. The mode selection signal can represent any of a plurality of operational modules, as shown in Tables 1-12. The process then proceeds to step 112 where the baseband processing module scrambles the data based on the pseudo-random sequence to produce scrambled material. It should be noted that a pseudo-random sequence can be generated by the feedback shift register by generating a polynomial S(x)=x ⁷ +x ⁴ +1.

The process then proceeds to step 114 where the baseband processing module selects one of the plurality of encoding modes based on the mode selection signal. The process then proceeds to step 116 where the baseband processing module encodes the scrambled material based on the selected coding mode to produce the encoded material. Using any of a number of coding schemes (eg, convolutional coding, Reed Solomon (RS) coding, turbo coding, turbo trellis coded modulation (TTCM) coding, LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) coding, etc.) Multiple encoding schemes can be encoded.

The process then proceeds to step 118 where the baseband processing module determines the number of transport streams based on the mode selection signal. For example, the mode select signal selects a particular mode, indicating that 1, 2, 3, 4 or more antennas are available for transmission. Therefore, the number of transport streams corresponds to the number of antennas represented by the mode selection signal. The process then proceeds to step 120 where the baseband processing module converts the encoded data into a symbol stream based on the number of transport streams within the mode selection signal. This step is described in more detail in Figure 6.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of an embodiment of a method further defining step 120 of FIG. 5. The diagram illustrates the method performed by the baseband processing module to convert the encoded data into a symbol stream based on the number of transport streams and the mode selection signal. The process begins at step 122, in which the baseband processing module interleaves the encoded data over a plurality of symbols and subcarriers of the channel to produce interleaved data. Typically, the interleaving process is designed to propagate encoded data over multiple symbols and transport streams. This allows for improved detection and error correction capabilities of the receiver. In one embodiment, the interleaving process follows the IEEE 802.11 (a) or (g) standard for the backward compatibility mode. In order to have a higher performance mode (eg IEEE 802.11(n)), interleaving is also performed on multiple transport paths or streams.

The process then proceeds to step 124 where the baseband processing module demultiplexes the interleaved data into a plurality of parallel streams of interleaved data. The number of parallel streams corresponds to the number of transport streams, which in turn correspond to the number of antennas represented by the particular mode used. The process then proceeds to steps 126 and 128, in which, for each parallel stream of interleaved data, the baseband processing module maps the interleaved data to quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) symbols, such that at step 126 Generate frequency domain symbols. At step 128, the baseband processing module converts the frequency domain symbols into time domain symbols using an inverse fast Fourier transform. Converting the frequency domain symbols into time domain symbols may further include adding a loop first code to allow inter-symbol interference to be eliminated at the receiver. It is to be noted that the inverse fast Fourier transform and the length of the loop first code are defined in the pattern table of Table 1-12. Typically, a 64-point fast Fourier transform is used for the 20 MHz channel and a 128-point fast Fourier transform is used for the 40 MHz channel.

The process then continues at step 130, in which the baseband processing module space and time encode the time domain symbols for each parallel stream of interleaved data, thereby generating a symbol stream. In one embodiment, the space and time encode the time domain symbols of each parallel stream of interleaved data into a corresponding number of symbol streams using an encoding matrix for spatial and temporal encoding. Alternatively, space and time encode the time domain symbols of the M parallel stream of interleaved data into a P symbol stream using an encoding matrix for spatial and temporal coding, where P = 2M. In one embodiment, the encoding matrix can include the following forms:

The number of rows of the coding matrix corresponds to M, and the number of columns of the coding matrix corresponds to P. The particular symbol value of the constant within the coding matrix can be a real or fictitious number.

7 through 9 are diagrams of various embodiments for encoding scrambling data.

7 is a diagram of a method by which a baseband processing module can be used to encode scrambled data in step 116 of FIG. In the method, the encoding of FIG. 7 can include an optional step 144 in which the baseband processing module is optionally encoded by an outer De Solomon (RS) code to generate RS encoded material. It is noted that step 144 can be performed concurrently with step 140 described below.

Moreover, the process proceeds to step S140, in which the baseband processing module rolls the scrambling data (which may or may not be RS encoded) with a 64-state code and a G ₀ = 133 ₈ and G ₁ = 171 ₈ generator polynomial. Product coding, resulting in convolutional coded data. Then, the process proceeds to step 142, in which the baseband processing module punctures the convolutional encoded data at a rate of one of a plurality of rates in accordance with the mode selection signal to produce encoded data. It is to be noted that the shrinkage rate may include 1/2, 2/3, and 3/4, or any of the rates specified in Tables 1-12. It is to be noted that for a particular mode, the rate can be selected to be backward compatible with IEEE 802.11 (a), IEEE 802.11 (g) or IEEE 802.11 (n) rate requirements.

8 is a diagram of another encoding method that a baseband processing module can use to encode scrambled data at step 116 of FIG. In this embodiment, the encoding of FIG. 8 can include an optional step 148 in which the baseband processing module optionally encodes using the outer RS code to generate RS encoded material. It is noted that step 148 can be performed concurrently with step 146 described below.

The method then continues at step 146, in which the baseband processing module encodes the scrambled material (either or not RS-encoded) based on a complementary number keying (CCK) code to produce encoded data. It can be performed according to the IEEE 802.11(b) specification, IEEE 802.11(g), and/or IEEE 802.11(n) specifications.

9 is a diagram of yet another method of encoding scrambling data at step 116, which may be performed by a baseband processing module. In this embodiment, the encoding of FIG. 9 can include an optional step 154 in which the baseband processing module optionally encodes using the outer RS code to generate RS encoded material.

Then, in some embodiments, the process continues at step 150, in which the baseband processing module performs LDPC (Low Density Co-Bit) encoding on the scrambling data (which may or may not be RS encoded), thereby An LDPC coded bit is generated. Alternatively, the scrambling data (which may or may not be RS encoded) is convolutionally encoded with a 256 status code and a G ₀ =561 ₈ and G ₁ =753 ₈ generator polynomial, so that step 150 can be performed. The process then proceeds to step 152 where the baseband processing module shrinks the convolutional encoded material at one of a plurality of rates based on the mode selection signal to produce encoded data. It should be noted that the shrinkage ratio is shown in Table 1-12 for the corresponding mode.

The encoding of Figure 9 can further include an optional step 154 in which the baseband processing module combines the convolutional encoding with the outer Resolomon code to produce convolutional encoded material.

10A and 10B are diagrams of an embodiment of a wireless transmitter. This can include the PMD module of the WLAN transmitter. In 10A, the baseband processing module includes a scrambler 172, a channel encoder 174, an interleaver 176, a demultiplexer 178, a plurality of symbol mappers 180-184, and multiple inverse fast Fourier transforms (IFFT)/ The circle first code adds modules 186-190 and space/time encoder 192. The baseband portion of the transmitter can further include a mode manager module 175 that receives the mode selection signal 173 and generates a setting 179 for the wireless transmitter portion and a rate selection 171 that produces the baseband portion. In this embodiment, the scrambler 172, channel encoder 174, and interleaver 176 include an error protection module. The symbol mappers 180-184, the plurality of IFFT/loop first code addition modules 186-190, and the spatial/temporal encoder 192 include a digital baseband processing module portion.

During operation, scrambler 172 adds a pseudo-random sequence to (e.g., within the Galois Limited Field (GF2)) outbound data bit 88, thereby causing the data to appear randomly. By generating a polynomial S(x)=x ⁷ +x ⁴ +1, a pseudo-random sequence can be generated from the feedback shift register, thereby generating scrambled data. Channel encoder 174 receives the scrambled data and produces a series of new redundant bits. This can improve the detection of the receiver. Channel encoder 174 can operate in one of a plurality of modes. For example, to be backward compatible with IEEE 802.11(a) and IEEE 802.11(g), the form of the channel coder is as follows, the rate 1/2 convolutional coder has 64 states and the generator polynomial is G ₀ = 133 ₈ and G ₁ =171 ₈ . The output of the convolutional encoder can be shrunk to rates of 1/2, 2/3, and 3/4 according to a specified rate table (eg, Tables 1-12). In order to be backward compatible with the CCK modes of IEEE 802.11 (b) and IEEE 802.11 (g), the channel encoder is in the form of a CCK code as shown in IEEE 802.11 (b). In order to have a higher data rate (such as those described in Tables 6, 8, and 10), the channel encoder can use the same convolutional coding as described above or can use more powerful codes, including convolution with more states. Code, any one or more of the above different types of error correction codes (ECC) (eg, RS, LDPC, turbo, TTCM, etc.), parallel concatenated (turbo) codes, and/or low density parity check (LDPC) block codes . Moreover, any of these codes can be combined with the outer De Solomon code. Depending on the balance of performance, backward compatibility and low latency, it is preferred to have one or more such codes. It is to be noted that cascading turbo coding and low density parity checking are described in more detail in the following figures.

Interleaver 176 receives the encoded material and propagates the data over a plurality of symbols and transport streams. This allows for improved detection and error correction capabilities of the receiver. In one embodiment, the interleaver 176 follows the IEEE 802.11 (a) or (g) standard in a backward compatible mode. To have a higher performance mode (eg, those described in Tables 6, 8, and 10), the interleaver interleaves the data through multiple transport streams. Demultiplexer 178 converts the interleaved stream of interleaver 176 into an M parallel stream for transmission.

Each symbol mapper 180-184 receives a corresponding one of the M parallel data paths from the demultiplexer. Each symbol mapper 180-182 lock maps the bitstream to quadrature amplitude modulated QAM symbols (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, etc.) according to a rate table (e.g., Tables 1-12). For IEEE 802.11(a) backward compatibility, a dual Gray code can be used.

The mapping symbols generated by each of the symbol mappers 180-184 are provided to the IFFT/loop first code addition module 186-190 for frequency domain to time domain conversion and the first code is added, allowing the receiver to remove intersymbol interference. It is to be noted that the length of the IFFT and the first code of the loop are defined in the pattern table of Table 1-12. Typically, 64-point IFFT is used for 20 MHz channels and 128-point IFFT is used for 40 MHz channels.

The space/time encoder 192 receives the M parallel path of the time domain symbols and converts them into P output symbols. In one embodiment, the number of M input paths is equal to the number of P output paths. In another embodiment, the number of output paths P is equal to the 2M path. For each path, the space/time encoder multiplies the input symbols by the coding matrix, and the format of the coding matrix is as follows

The number of rows of the coding matrix corresponds to the number of input paths, and the number of columns corresponds to the number of output paths.

Figure 10B shows the radio portion of the transmitter, including a plurality of digital filtering/upsampling modules 194-198, digital to analog conversion modules 200-204, analog filters 206-216, I/Q modulators 218-222, RF Amplifiers 224-228, RF filters 230-234, and antennas 236-240. The P output of space/time encoder 192 is received by respective digital filtering/upsampling modules 194-198. In one embodiment, the digital filtering/upsampling module 194-198 is a digital baseband processing module portion and the remaining components include a plurality of RF front ends. In this embodiment, the digital baseband processing module and the RF front end include a direct conversion module.

During operation, the number of active radio paths corresponds to the number of P outputs. For example, if only one P output path is generated, then only There is a wireless transmitter path available. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the number of output paths can range from one to any desired amount.

The digital filtering/upsampling module 194-198 filters the corresponding symbols and adjusts the sampling rate to correspond to the sampling rate required by the digital to analog conversion modules 200-204. The digital to analog conversion module 200-204 converts the digitally filtered and upsampled signals into corresponding in-phase and quadrature analog signals. The analog filters 208-214 filter the in-phase and/or quadrature elements corresponding to the analog signals and provide the filtered signals to the respective I/Q modulators 218-222. The local oscillator based I/Q modulators 218-222 are generated by the local oscillator 100, which upconverts the I/Q signals to radio frequency signals.

The RF amplifiers 224-228 amplify the RF signals and then filter the signals through the RF filters 230-234 before being transmitted through the antennas 236-240.

11A and 11B are diagrams of an embodiment of a wireless receiver. These figures show a schematic block diagram of another embodiment of a receiver. Figure 11A shows the analog portion of the receiver, including multiple receiver paths. Each receiver path includes an antenna, RF filters 252-256, low noise amplifiers 258-260, I/Q demodulators 264-268, analog filters 270-280, analog to digital converters 282-286, and digital filtering. And downsampling module 288-290.

During operation, the antenna receives inbound RF signals and filters them through the RF filters 252-256. Corresponding low noise amplifiers 258-260 amplify the filtered signals and provide them to respective I/Q demodulators 264-268. The local oscillator based I/Q demodulator 264-268 is generated by the local oscillator 100 to downconvert the radio frequency signal to baseband in-phase and quadrature analog signals.

Corresponding analog filters 270-280 filter the in-phase and quadrature analog components, respectively. Analog to digital converters 282-286 convert in-phase and quadrature analog signals into numbers Bit signal. The digital filtering and downsampling module 288-290 filters the digital signal and adjusts the sampling rate to correspond to the rate of baseband processing, as described in Figure 11B.

Figure 11B shows the baseband processing module of the receiver. The baseband processing module includes a space/time decoder 294, a plurality of fast Fourier transform (FFT)/loop first code removal modules 296-300, a plurality of symbol demapping modules 302-306, a multiplexer 308, and deinterlacing The device 310, the channel decoder 312, and the descrambling module 314. The baseband processing module can further include a mode management module 175 that generates rate selection 171 and settings 179 based on mode selection 173. The space/time decoder 294 performs the inverse function of the space/time encoder 192, receives the P input from the receiver path, and generates an M output path. The M output paths are processed by the FFT/loop first code removal module 296-300, which performs the functions of the IFFT/loop first code addition module 186-190 to generate frequency domain symbols.

The symbol demapping module 302-306 converts the frequency domain symbols into data using the inverse steps of the symbol mappers 180-184. Multiplexer 308 combines the demapped symbol streams into a single path.

The deinterleaver 310 deinterleaves a single path using the inverse function of the function performed by the interleaver 176. The deinterleaved data is then provided to a channel decoder 312, which performs the inverse function of the channel encoder 174. The descrambler 314 receives the decoded data and performs the inverse function of the jammer 172 to generate inbound material 98.

12 is a diagram of one embodiment of an access point (AP) and a plurality of wireless local area network (WLAN) devices operating in accordance with one or more different aspects and/or embodiments of the present invention. In accordance with various aspects of the present invention, access point 1200 can be compatible with any number of communication protocols and/or standards, such as IEEE 802.11 (a), IEEE 802.11 (b), IEEE 802.11 (g), IEEE 802.11 (n). In accordance with certain aspects of the present invention, the AP also supports backward compatibility with older versions of the IEEE 802.11x standard. In accordance with other aspects of the invention, the AP 1200 supports communication with the WLAN devices 1202, 1204, and 1206 by bandwidth, MIMO size, and data throughput rates not supported by previous IEEE 802.11x operating standards. For example, access point 1200 and WLAN devices 1202, 1204, and 1206 can support channel bandwidth, from those of previous versions of the device, and from 40 MHz to 1.28 GHz and above. Access point 1200 and WLAN devices 1202, 1204, and 1206 support MIMO sizes up to 4x4 and above. With these features, access point 1200 and WLAN devices 1202, 1204, and 1206 can support data throughput rates of up to 1 GHz and above.

The AP 1200 supports simultaneous communication with more than one WLAN device 1202, 1204, and 1206. Simultaneous communication is possible through OFDM tone allocation (eg, specifying a specific number of OFDM tones within a cluster), MIMO size multiplex, or by other techniques. By some simultaneous communication, for example, the AP 1200 can individually assign one or more of its multiple antennas to support communication with each of the WLAN devices 1202, 1204, and 1206.

Moreover, AP 1200 and WLAN devices 1202, 1204, and 1206 are backward compatible with IEEE 802.11 (a), (b), (g), and (n) operating standards. In support of this backward compatibility, these devices support signal formats and structures consistent with these prior operating standards.

13 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a wireless communication device and a cluster that can be used to support communication with at least one other wireless communication device. In general, a cluster can be viewed as a tone map describing one or more channels (eg, subdivided portions of the spectrum), such as OFDM symbols. The channels may be located in one or more frequency bands (eg, portions of the spectrum where a larger amount of separation is performed). As an example, different signals at 20 MHz can be in the 5 GHz band or around the 5 GHz band. Channels in any such frequency band may be continuous (e.g., adjacent to each other) or discontinuous (e.g., separated by a guard interval or band gap). Typically, one or more channels may be within a specified frequency band and do not need to have the same number of channels in different frequency bands. Likewise, a cluster is generally understood to be any combination of one or more channels within one or more frequency bands. As can be seen, any single cluster can be associated with any one or more antennas (as few as one antenna and as many as all antennas) of the wireless communication device.

The wireless communication device of the figure can be any of the different types and/or equivalents described herein (eg, an AP, WLAN device, or other wireless communication device, including but not limited to those described in FIG. 1, etc. ). The wireless communication device includes a plurality of antennas through which one or more signals can be transmitted to one or more receiving wireless communication devices and/or can be received from one or more other wireless communication devices.

Such a cluster can be used to transmit signals through different one or more selected antennas. For example, different clusters are used to transmit signals separately using one or more different antennas.

In the different diagrams and embodiments described and illustrated herein, the wireless communication device is commonly referred to as a WDEV. It is to be noted that such a wireless communication device can be a wireless station (STA), an access point (AP) or any other type of wireless communication device without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

In some cases, some wireless communication devices are generally considered to be transmitting wireless communication devices, such as APs, and other wireless communication devices may be referred to as receiving wireless communication devices, such as STAs. However, it should be noted that this is described here. Any of the functions, capabilities, and the like are generally applicable to any type of wireless communication device.

Of course, it is to be noted that general terms may be used herein with respect to certain embodiments in which a wireless communication device (eg, an AP or relative to other STAs) is transmitted relative to a plurality of other receiving wireless communication devices (eg, STAs) The STA used as the 'AP' starts communication, and/or acts as a wireless communication device of the network controller type, and the receiving wireless communication device (for example, STA) responds to the transmission of the wireless communication while supporting such communication. The device works with it. Of course, the general term for transmitting a wireless communication device and receiving a wireless communication device can be used to distinguish between operations performed by these different wireless communication devices within the communication system, and all such wireless communication devices within the communication system can of course support to and from the communication system. Two-way communication of a wireless communication device. In other words, various transmitting wireless communication devices and receiving wireless communication devices can support two-way communication to and from other wireless communication devices in the communication system. In general, such functions, capabilities, and the like as described herein are generally applicable to any wireless communication device.

The various aspects and principles of the invention described herein, and equivalents thereof, are applicable to various standards, protocols, and/or recommended measures (including those currently in progress), such as those according to IEEE 802.11x (eg, where x is a, b, g, n, ac, ah, ad, af, etc.).

Figure 14 illustrates an embodiment of a response modulation coding group (MCS) selection for communication between communication devices. In this and other figures, certain communication devices (wireless communication devices or WDEVs) are described. However, the reader will understand that these devices and nodes are generally referred to as equivalent to wireless communication devices, generally referring to devices, nodes, and the like.

As can be seen in the figure, at least two different devices are represented by reference digits 1401 and 1402 for communication therebetween. In some cases, after the first communication is provided from one device to another, the response communication is returned to the device that originally provided the first communication. In accordance with an example of the diagram, and with respect to any other diagrams and/or embodiments herein, it is noted that any such communication having some type of responsive communication may include one or A number of different aspects and their equivalents.

For example, various communications and/or communications with a response box may include a Clear to Send (CTS) provided in response to a Send Request (RTS). Various other communications may include block acknowledgment (B-ACK) in response to data, MAC (Media Access Control) Data Protocol Unit (MPDU), Aggregated MAC (Media Access Control) Data Protocol Unit (A-MPDU) Or block confirmation request. In other cases, an acknowledgment (ACK) can be provided in response to management communications, data communications, and the like.

In general, the initial frame in the exchange can be referred to as the initiation pin. A device that sends a trigger block can often be referred to as a trigger node, such as a node A. The means for transmitting the response box can generally be referred to as a response node, such as responding to Node B.

Depending on the application, there may be a relatively large difference between the transmit power levels of different devices. Control response rates and MCS selection must be considered when there is such a large difference between the transmission power levels of different devices along the communication link. For example, a certain control response rate and MCS selection rules can be problematic under these circumstances (eg, asymmetric transmitter power used by different devices at the opposite end of the communication link). The rate used by the response box (eg, responding to Node B's response box) is used for communication when the rate used in the forward direction (eg, the initiation block of node A) is near or below the highest base rate value in the basic service group (BSS). The link is too high. Unfortunately, it will be lost These cases, that is, respond to Node B's acknowledgment (ACK) or block acknowledgment (B-ACK). This document provides various implementations for reducing any one or more instruction arguments that manage response box communications. For example, as also disclosed herein, for example, with reference to FIG. 17, in accordance with such a reduction principle, any one or more instruction arguments may be included that manage between the two devices at opposite ends of the communication link. communication.

For example, the difference between the transmit power levels of two different devices is above 10 dB, and in these particular cases, such as when one device uses one or more higher powers, the executable and operational power amplifiers (PA) And another device to send only relatively less power. For example, in the case of a wireless communication system, such as a WLAN, the base station can be operated to transmit a signal level of approximately 1 W, and a given wireless station can be operated to transmit a signal level of approximately 100 mW. A large difference between the individual transmit power levels can be used here to cause some operation.

Considering yet another embodiment, an access point (AP) has a higher transmit power than one or more associated wireless stations (STAs) (eg, not used as an AP). The AP can be operated to transmit at approximately 30 dBm and operate one or more STAs to transmit at approximately 15 dBm, which, in view of this, allows for the use of operational parameters. Transmitting from the downstream of the AP to one or more STAs, the instruction argument is higher than the instruction arguments available for transmission upstream from one or more STAs into the AP. For example, a modulation coding group (MCS) is treated as an instruction argument (or a set of instruction arguments, since the MCS itself corresponds to at least modulation, coding rate, number of streams, etc.), and a relatively high MCS can be used from the AP. Downstream transmission to one or more STAs, not for upstream transmission from any STA to the AP.

Depending on the communication between the two separate devices, at least one device is responsive to the communication, and the modulation coding group (MCS) for that response can be selected in a number of ways.

In one embodiment, the MCS that controls the transmission rate or response box is selected based on the initiation frame transmission rate or MCS. For example, implicitly assuming that each communication link margin is approximately the same in both directions, and each device uses approximately the same transmit power level at each end of the communication link, then a response MCS selection can be made.

In some cases, the response box is sent with the highest MCS in the basic MCS group, and the basic MCS group has the same or lower modulation than the initiation block. That is, all devices within the system can know the basic MCS group in advance. Depending on the characteristics of the initiation block, including its MCS, the response box is sent using the highest MCS selected from the base MCS group. For example, the transmission rate of the response box is set to the highest rate within the basic rate group of the Basic Service Set (BSS) (eg, or BSBSasicRateSet), which is less than or equal to the rate of the initiating block. The MCS of the response box can be set to the highest modulation, coding, and MCS index, and each value M (for modulation), C (for coding), and I (for MCS index) are less than or equal to the corresponding value of the initiation block, from the basic The basic MCS group of the Service Group (BSS) (for example, or BSBSasicRateSet) begins. For example, considering an embodiment in which the triggering block includes uppercase M1, C1, and I1 values, the corresponding value of the response box can be set to the highest value in the basic MCS group, less than or equal to M1, C1, and I1 (eg, the corresponding value of the response box can be Set to M2 M1, C2 C1 and I2 I1 causes M2, C2, and I2 to be included in the basic MCS group).

It is important to note that there is no need to use the MCS contained in the basic MCS group to communicate via a trigger node (such as a trigger box). As can be seen from this embodiment, the MCS selection response frame MCS is based on the initiation block.

For example, considering a less complex situation, the basic MCS group includes three MCSs (eg, assuming high MCS, intermediate MCS, and low MCS). If an intermediate MCS is used to send a trigger block, then this intermediate MCS can be used to send a response box. Similarly, if the MCS sends a trigger block between the high MCS and the intermediate MCS, the intermediate MCS can also be used to send a response box.

The MCS can be adjusted on Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) responses and/or acknowledgments if needed, but does not require adjustment of the MCS on media access control (MAC) responses and/or acknowledgments, so the adjusted MAC layer decomposes earlier.

Certain embodiments described herein operate in accordance with a reduction principle in which one or more instruction arguments for a response box are controlled to be less than one or more corresponding ones used to cause the box The instruction arguments, for example sufficient to differ therefrom (eg, according to the minimum distance d _min ), may have certain conditions, in which case one or more separate instruction arguments and responses for initiating the box There is a large enough margin between them, so there is no need to use this reduction principle. For example, even in certain embodiments in which such a reduction principle is not particularly used, if one or more instruction arguments used to prime the box are sufficiently larger or higher than one or more corresponding instruction references for the response box. The number (for example, considering BSBSasicRateSet and/or BSSBasicMCSSet), then there may be sufficient margin to avoid performance degradation.

At least two different examples are provided below to illustrate the situation to the reader, and selecting one or more instruction arguments associated with the response box can receive/provide sufficient performance and is unacceptable/providing poor/insufficient performance.

An example is set forth below where there is sufficient margin between one or more instruction arguments used to prime the box and those instruction arguments used to respond to the box.

Example 1: AP TX power = 30 dBm

AP DATA transmission

Link support 40 MHz MCS 31=64 QAM R=5/6, 540 Mbps

non-AP STA TX power = 15 dBm

BSSBasicRate _highest =16 QAM R=1/2, 24 Mbps

Control response sent as a non-HT copy BA, 16 QAM R=1/2, 24 Mbps

The forward link supports a maximum of 64 QAM, R=5/6

16 QAM, R=1/2 for reverse link when power is below 15dB

As can be seen from this example, one or more instruction arguments for the response box are sufficiently different from those used to raise the box, and the response box is sent as an uplink communication from the STA (eg, not used as an AP). In the AP, the initiator is sent from the AP to the STA as downlink communication.

Example 2: AP TX power = 30 dBm

AP DATA transmission

The link only supports 40 MHz MCS 27=16 QAM R=1/2,216 Mbps

non-AP STA TX power = 15 dBm

BSSBasicRate _highest =16 QAM R=1/2, 24 Mbps

Control response sent as a non-HT copy BA, 16 QAM R=1/2, 24 Mbps

The forward link supports the largest 16 QAM, R=1/2

When the power is below 15dB, 16 QAM, R=1/2 is not suitable for the reverse link

ACK/BA will be lost

As can be seen from this example, the communication link can support the highest modulation 16QAM, and a code rate of approximately 1/2. The transmission power of the execution response box is half of the transmission power used by the initiation block, using this instruction argument that just reaches the limit, at which the communication link and support are uncertain and will cause the following situation in the STA During the uplink communication to the AP, an acknowledgment (ACK) or block acknowledgment (B-ACK) is lost.

Figure 15 illustrates an alternate embodiment of responding to MCS selection for communication between communication devices. As can be seen in the figure, at least two different devices are executed to communicate therebetween, represented by reference numerals 1501 and 1502. The figure shows a particular embodiment in which the initiating node A is adapted to transmit at 30 dBm and the responding node B is adapted to transmit at 15 dBm.

As can be seen, when considering node A and its relatively high transmit power level, a relatively high order modulation transmit frame can be used. For example, such higher order modulation may include 16 QAM, 64 QAM, and the like. Even with these relatively high order modulations, the responding Node B is executed in order to successfully receive these trigger blocks.

The responding Node B will use the highest MCS within the basic MCS group, the modulation of the MCS being less than or equal to the modulation that sent the initiating block from the initiating node A. For example, consider an implementation that sends a trigger block from the initiating node A through a specified MCS at a particular bit rate (eg, 24 Mb Mbps per second), then can be sent in the same MCS or relatively low MCS within the basic MCS group. The response box sent from the responding Node B.

In some cases, since the response power of the responding Node B is significantly lower than the power of the transmitting node A, the node A cannot be successfully received. That is, the combination of different transmission powers and MCS is not sufficient for a particular communication link.

Unfortunately, in certain cases, the throughput of the communication link drops dramatically as the response frame is lost during transmission. The MCS of the response block does not change unless the MCS that caused the trigger block sent by node A becomes a relatively lower order MCS (eg, becomes a relatively lower order modulation). According to the response box MCS selection based on the initiating block MCS, if the initiating node A can become a relatively lower order MCS, the responding node B should also be able to send a response box with a relatively lower order MCS, and cause node A to be expected to receive Response box.

From a certain point of view, it should be noted that causing the MCS drop on node A can also cause the transmission volume of the communication link to decrease. However, it should be noted that if some alternative methods are used to reduce the response box MCS, then this undesirable situation is completely unnecessary.

Figure 16 shows an embodiment of an explicit suggestion/instruction response MCS selection for communication between communication devices. As can be seen in the figure, at least two different devices (represented by reference numerals 1601 and 1602) are executed to communicate therebetween.

Referring to the figure, an exchange is made between the various devices so that explicit suggestions and/or instructions are provided from the initiating node A. It is to be noted that such advice and/or indication may be provided from the initiating node A only when it is determined that a particular MCS is required. For example, a particular MCS may be determined to be required by one or more of a number of considerations. For example, the determination can be made explicitly based on the difference in the respective delivery power levels between the various devices within the system. In each device A clear exchange of information can be provided to determine the individual delivery power levels of the various devices and also to determine the difference in delivery power levels therebetween.

In the process of initiating a response frame at node A, alternatively, the determination can be made by the measured received power. For example, when the node A is triggered to receive a response frame from another device, the received power of the received communication can be measured. In some cases, the relatively low received power of the received communication can be used to trigger a demand for a particular MCS that would trigger Node A recommendations.

Even in other embodiments, such determination may be made by measuring the measurement channel/bit error rate (BER) / packet error rate (PER) statistics sent by the responding Node B and received by the initiating node A. That is, certain features associated with the response box received by the initiating node A (rather than just the received power) can be used to cause selection of a particular MCS.

In addition, some link measurement report information can be used for such terminals. Similarly, before making a specified decision to provide advice and/or instructions to the responding Node B for a particular MCS, node A may be averaging certain measured parameters, and a response box shall be provided from the particular MCS.

Again, it is noted that one or more or any combination of any such considerations (including specific weighted combinations, average combinations, etc.) can be used to trigger a response box MCS selection at the initiating node A. Even in other cases, the responding node E can simply request the node to suggest and/or notify the responding node B of the particular response frame MCS to use.

Figure 17 illustrates an embodiment of responding to MCS selection for communication between communication devices, particularly using certain instruction arguments therein. As can be seen in the figure, at least two different devices (represented by reference digits 1701 and 1702) are executed to communicate therebetween.

In the course of operating in accordance with the mode, using any one or more or any combination of the various considerations above, the initiating node A can determine at least two different parameters, R (decreased) and L (limited), as follows , causing node A to suggest and/or notify the responding node B of the specific response box MCS to use. In some embodiments, the parameters R and/or L can be considered as respective vectors (eg, each describing one or more parameters, respectively, associated with such communication between the initiating node A and the responding node B; For example, the specified MCS itself may include multiple parameters such as modulation, coding rate, number of streams, and the like. It should also be noted that some embodiments may include only one parameter R (decreased). For example, all embodiments need not include the parameter L (limit), but rather only the parameter R (reduced). Moreover, any one or two of the parameters R (decreased) and the parameter R (decreased) can be considered as vectors, since either of these two parameters can be specified or managed according to multiple instruction arguments.

The parameter R related to the reduction relates to the MCS of the response box sent by the responding Node B, which should be the R-order below the MCS used to initiate the frame transmission. For example, if the frame is triggered by the specified MCS transmission, the response frame MCS should be at least R-order below the MCS of the initiation block.

The parameter L relating to the limit relates to the value of one or more instruction arguments below which the parameter R is applied. It is to be noted that in embodiments where the parameter L is used as a vector, for example corresponding to a plurality of instruction arguments, a plurality of different values can be used for one or more instruction arguments under which the parameter R is applied. Again, there are implementations where the parameter R is used as a vector, for example corresponding to multiple instruction arguments. Similarly, in general, the use of the parameter L within the parameter R can be used cooperatively to manage multiple instruction arguments separately and separately. For example, consider that the parameter L includes L1, L2, L3, etc. and the parameter R includes R1, R2. In an implementation of R3, etc., parameter L1 corresponds to the value of the first instruction argument, under which parameter R1 is applied. The parameter L2 corresponds to the value of the second instruction argument, under which the parameter R2 is applied, and the parameter L3 corresponds to the value of the third instruction argument, under which the parameter R3 and the like are applied. In general, the use of a parameter L implemented as a vector and a parameter R implemented as a vector allows for the management of a plurality of different instruction arguments in accordance with the reduction and limitation principles described herein.

For example, in one embodiment, the parameter L associated with the restriction relates to a modulation/coding initiation block, and the parameter R is applied below the initiation block. That is, at or above L, the responding Node B does not need to apply the parameter R to the response MCS selection. Instead, the responding node B can use an alternative method by which the MCS is selected, and the response box should be sent to the initiating node A through the MCS. For example, the responding Node B may select the MCS of the basic MCS within the basic MCS group, the highest MCS being less than or equal to the MCS of the initiation block. Of course, other methods can be used to select the response box MCS.

In general, for these different parameters R and L, if the rate of the response box (eg, acknowledgment) is too high, then these different parameters can be adjusted accordingly. It is to be noted that these corresponding boxes may be lost for a number of different reasons, including conflicts, inappropriate MCS selections, and the like.

It is to be noted that the initiating node A can be used to determine these different parameters R and L, which are also known to the responding node B. For example, the initiating node A can also pass these parameters to the responding node B. These parameters can be transmitted from the initiating node A to the responding node B in a variety of ways. For example, these parameters can be transmitted on a static basis, such as according to a joint exchange. Alternatively, these parameters can be transmitted on a semi-dynamic basis; this can be done using the management box to transfer changes at any given time. Even in another In one embodiment, the initiation block itself may be used, such as to transmit these parameters in accordance with a dynamic basic mode of operation. It is to be noted that not all of the initiating boxes need to carry any MCS suggestions and/or instructions from the initiating node A to the responding node B. For example, the responding Node B continues to use the latest/most recently received instructions and/or suggestions regarding the MCS until new instructions and/or suggestions regarding the MCS are received from the initiating node A. In general, in various embodiments, any of a number of required modes may be used to notify the initiating node A and the responding node B by respective parameters R and L employed in the various embodiments.

In an alternative embodiment, these different parameters R and L can be known in advance by initiating node A and responding node B. That is, these parameters can be predetermined, predefined, and stored in a certain memory of each device. Even in other embodiments, default values for these parameters can be known in advance by different devices within the system.

Multiple considerations can be used to determine the parameters R and L. For example, the number of retries for a box sent from a given node can be used as at least one consideration in determining these parameters. The retry of the initiating block is received from the node, the initiating block of retry is successfully received from the responding Node B, and acknowledged by the responding Node B. It should be noted that retrying means that the response box is lost during transmission (for example, no acknowledgment is received). The response box is unfortunately lost due to the appropriate MCS selection for each communication link. In some embodiments, the responding Node B will attempt to distinguish between the loss of such a response box caused by the conflict and the loss of such a response box due to improper MCS selection. It is to be noted that when the response box is lost within a transport opportunity (TXOP) that already includes at least one complete box exchange, the loss of the response box caused by the inappropriate MCS selection can be distinguished. Even in other embodiments, the initiating node A may take certain actions to determine the loss of the response box caused by different causes.

Again, there are some cases where the proposed response MCS cannot be supported by the designated communication link. For example, a check that causes the delivery power reported by node A to be greater than the delivery power of the responding node B may determine that the suggested response MCS is not appropriate. Similarly, the check of each transmission power of each node A and B (and the determination of the transmission power A is greater than the transmission power B) and the link margin combined with the transmission power of the responding node (if known) need not support the proposed response MCS. .

For example, the response frame MCS may be appropriately reduced when the difference in the respective delivery powers exceeds the minimum required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) between the initiating block MCS and the response block MCS. The amount of MCS reduction may be based on the difference in the respective delivery powers of the respective nodes A and B and the estimated link margin. There may be some cases where the relatively low response node transmission power has sufficient margin and is still sufficient/sufficient for the designated communication link, for example, if the two devices are receiving packets, there is a fairly good probability (eg, acceptable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) / packet error rate (PER) and/or acceptable bit error rate (BER) / packet error rate (PER)).

The time to adjust one or more instruction arguments for the response box is also considered here. Relevant information can be collected and exchanged when two or more devices are connected or in the process. Alternatively, one or more management boxes between these devices can be exchanged outside of the connection. For example, as described later in FIG. 24, information related to transmission power is exchanged between different devices in different manners.

The information associated with the reversed directional link may have a reduced relative margin compared to known communication links. For example, when one or more instruction arguments are known, the specified communication link can be manipulated by these parameters, The relative link margin can be reduced compared to one or more instruction arguments associated with a given communication link. In some embodiments, the responding Node B is aware of the forward link information and still needs information corresponding to the reverse link. Also, in some cases, causing node A to know the reverse link information still needs information corresponding to the forward link. This information can be shared in various ways between different devices located at different ends of the communication link, including by one or more management boxes. For example, a link management report can be transmitted from one device located at one end of the communication link to another device located at the other end of the communication link. Even in other embodiments, the designated device can individually determine information related to the opposite direction link (e.g., there is no need to provide communication or information from another device located at the other end of the communication link).

Figure 18 illustrates an alternate embodiment 1800 in response to MCS selection for communicating between communication devices, particularly using certain instruction arguments therein. As can be seen in the figure, at least two different devices (represented by reference digits 1801 and 1802) are executed to communicate therebetween.

It should be noted that different implementations may operate according to different decision modes of operation. For example, some embodiments may operate in accordance with an elicitor-based decision mode of operation, while other embodiments may operate in accordance with a transponder-based decision mode of operation.

For example, for an exciton-based decision mode of operation, an initiating device (eg, a wireless station (STA)) can be used to determine one or more instruction arguments relative to the response box. For example, considering one such instruction argument as the transmission rate, it can be determined that the response rate needs to be reduced. According to one possible implementation of this mode of operation, information relating to the amount that needs to be reduced can be provided in the management box exchange. According to another possible implementation of this mode of operation, information relating to the amount that needs to be reduced can be provided within the initiation block. For example, at least one field within the initiation box may indicate a reduction in the specified amount. By reducing a certain number of steps (eg, N steps), it may be indicated that the specified amount is reduced, with one step corresponding to a change within at least one instruction argument. Of course, it is to be noted that different instruction arguments can be managed according to different steps (for example, step 1 for modulation, step 2 for coding rate, etc.). In general, a large amount of nuance can be provided so that each of the different instruction arguments can be managed, controlled, reduced, and adjusted individually.

It should also be described here that, for example, for the parameter L associated with the instruction argument, the parameter R is applied under the parameter, there is some indication that the instruction can be executed on the instruction argument by the instruction argument, in This reduction function can be performed on or under this parameter. For example, considering the modulated instruction arguments, for example, initially determining that the MCS used to respond to the box response is less than some predetermined value (eg, as defined by the parameter L), then the MCS for the response may be reduced according to the specified steps. (For example, in step N, the initially determined MCS is reduced for use in the response box).

Also, according to this exciton-based decision mode of operation, the initiating device (e.g., the wireless station (STA) at the initiating node A) is operable to properly adjust the Media Access Control (MAC) Continuous (DUR) field. And trigger the transfer.

Consider another example, with respect to a transponder-based decision mode of operation, a device (eg, a wireless station (STA) used at a responding node B) can be used to determine that one or more instruction arguments need to be reduced. Such a response device can make this decision by examining the transmission power, reporting the check from another device (e.g., from an access point (AP) or a triggering wireless station (STA) used at the initiating node A). Alternatively, such a decision can be made by repeatedly repeating the reception, for example, performing multiple retries, not receiving acknowledgments, and the like. Based on The decision mode of operation of the responder, the response node B can be used to determine the amount of reduction used. In some embodiments, the responding node B preferably intends or attempts to reduce the initiating node A in such a way that the initiating node A can appropriately adjust the respective MAC DUR values within its respective initiating transmission; This information can be transmitted between devices.

Referring particularly to the figure, the entire MCS group includes a plurality of values varying between 0 and M (eg, these values correspond to a particular instruction argument, such as modulation, coding rate, number of streams, etc.), basic MCS group Includes multiple values that vary between 0 and N. It can be seen that the basic MCS group can be regarded as a subgroup of the entire MCS group. The initiating node A can support communication according to any value of each MCS value in the entire MCS group, but the responding node B can support communication according to those values in the basic MCS group. It is also described herein that the initiating node A does not need to use those specific values within the basic MCS group to support communications therein. According to the reduction principle shown here, if the triggering node A uses any value contained in the entire MCS group between M and N+d _min , the trigger box is sent to the responding node B, then the response box is sent to the trigger. At node A, the highest value that can be used by responding node B is N (eg, each of the highest values in the basic MCS group as the minimum distance _dmin , below the corresponding value used to raise the box). Moreover, for ease of description, the figure shows multiple values corresponding to a single instruction argument, while it is noted that there may be multiple sets of values corresponding to respective different instruction arguments. The reader will properly understand that the firing block can include a number of different parameters, such as Ml, M2, M3, etc., however, for ease of description, the figure shows the relationship to a single instruction argument.

For parameters with a minimum distance d _min , it is noted that the corresponding value used to respond to the specified instruction argument in the box is the smallest distance from the value used to raise the corresponding instruction argument in the box. That is, in this example, the value used to respond to the specified instruction arguments within the box is always the smallest distance from the value used to raise the corresponding instruction argument in the box.

Considering the specific example in which the value of the specified instruction argument is particularly relevant to the MCS, consider any MCS between 0 and 27 and the trigger box available at the base MCS group, any MCS including the minimum distance d _min = 2, the basic MCS The maximum MCS of the group is 16 (eg, the basic MCS group includes any MCS between 0 and 16), and the response box MCS may be provided within the MCS of 16 as long as the MCS of the initiation block is 18 or more. That is, as long as the MCS is used to provide a trigger block, then the maximum MCS within the basic MCS group, ie 16, can be used to provide a response box. However, if the MCS is used to provide a trigger block, the response box is not available using the largest MCS in the basic MCS group due to the need to meet the minimum distance requirement; in this case, the MCS using 14 can provide a response box. In general, using the largest MCS in the basic MCS group, a response box is provided, and the largest MCS still meets the minimum distance requirement.

Figure 19 illustrates an embodiment 1900 of communication in which a response reduction field is included for communication between communication devices. Various communications are made between different devices at opposite ends of the communication link for individually controlling and adjusting different command arguments. On the basis of each MAC (Media Access Control) Data Protocol Unit (MPDU) signaling, some embodiments may perform such communication between these devices. For example, in some embodiments, one or more instruction arguments are preferably included within the initiation block for use in subsequent response boxes. That is, the initiation block can be used to include one or more instruction arguments that signal the manner in which the response box is provided. It is to be noted that certain implementations and their associated framework formats do not have sufficient bit locations to represent such information within them. However, various other embodiments and their associated Frame formats, such as the new frame format, can be designed to include this information in the trigger box.

One possible implementation 1900 shown in the figure shows a response command argument reduction field contained within the communication. The response command argument reduction field may include various different reduction values associated with respective different instruction arguments. For example, depending on the individual different reduction values, any one of a plurality of different parameters can be controlled separately. The reduction value is the minimum amount of reduction used between these instruction arguments, and these instruction arguments are used in the start and response boxes. For example, a plurality of first instruction arguments P1, P2, P3, etc. can be used to prime the block. The reduced values represent the reduced minimum of each of these instruction arguments P1, P2, P3, etc. (eg, thereby generating P1', P2', P3', etc.), and these instruction arguments can be used in the response box. . It can be seen that the different reduction values of each individual instruction argument can be managed separately.

This communication can be made from the initiating node A to the responding node B, including the instruction argument reduction field. For example, there may be embodiments in which the initiating node A determines that each of the reduced values is associated with one or more instruction arguments. In other embodiments, the initiating node A and the responding node B may operate together to determine respective reduced values, and even in other embodiments, the responding node B determines that each of the reduced values is associated with one or more instruction arguments.

Figure 20 illustrates another embodiment 2000 of communication in which a response reduction field is included for communication between communication devices. The figure shows the specific format of the communication, including responding to the instruction arguments to reduce the field, especially towards the MCS. That is, the response command argument reduction field of the figure relates in particular to the response MCS reduction field. Of course, as can be seen in the previous embodiments, the response command argument reduction field can include any number of instruction arguments. The response MCS reduction field in this figure is a specific implementation.

Referring to the figure, the MCS Reduction Status field can be used to query for negotiation of responses between various different devices. The response MCS reduction field includes a plurality of different reduction values, the reduction values being the minimum reductions used between the respective parameters, which are used within the initiation and response boxes. Specifically, in the figure, the response MCS reduction field includes at least three separate sub-fields corresponding to a minimum reduction associated with modulation, and a minimum reduction associated with the coding rate, respectively. The amount and the minimum amount of reduction associated with the number of streams (eg, the number of spatial time streams, NSS).

Considering the specific instruction arguments of the modulation, the difference between QPSK and BPSK modulation can be considered as a step of the instruction argument (eg, step 1 is the modulation change from QPSK to BPSK). Considering the specific instruction arguments of the coding rate, the difference between 5/6 and 3/4 can be considered as a step of the instruction argument. Taking into account the specific instruction arguments of the number of streams, the difference between NSS=4 and NSS=3 can be considered as a step in the argument of the instruction.

It is to be noted that if the specified instruction argument is reduced, a non-existent MCS is generated, which can be reduced in such a way as to produce an actual/realistic MCS. For example, if a reduction operation is performed to generate a QPSK of a modulation type having a coding rate of 5/6, a reduction operation is performed to find an actually existing/realistic MCS, for example, a QPSK having a coding rate of 3/4.

It should also be noted that a management box exchange can be performed between different devices. For example, new management actions can be used based on the classification of high throughput (HT). This can be used to provide a control response to the MCS reduction. This can also be used to include responding to instruction index reduction components (such as the components depicted in FIG. 19) and/or responding to MCS reduction components (eg, the components depicted in FIG. 20).

For requests or raise boxes that are exchanged according to this management, the value of the request (REQ) field can be set to 1. Available from a wireless station (STA) (for example, not used for connection) In an in-point (AP) or other device, such communication is sent to another device such as an associated AP or another STA (eg, not used as an access point (AP)). The transmitting device, such as the STA, does not make a reduction in the request box unless accepted by the recipient of the request box.

For the response box exchanged according to this management, the value of the REQ field can be set to zero. This communication can be sent from a device such as the access point AP to another device STA or the like. Alternatively, such communication may be sent to a requesting device such as another STA (e.g., not used as an AP) from a device such as a STA (e.g., not used as an AP). A designated device such as an AP can send an unsolicited response to other devices in the system and can comply with such an unsolicited response.

Some examples are provided below to illustrate the operation to the reader, and the operations can be performed by reducing and performing operations that are not required to be reduced.

Example without reduction:

●Reduce = MOD 1, Coding 1, NSS 0

●BSSBasicMCSSet includes MCS0-MCS15

●STA1 TX AMPDU MCS23(64Q,5/6,4)

● STA2 determines that the BA response is MCS15 (64Q, 5/6, 2)

STA2 determines that all the minimum quantities are met, so there is no need to reduce

Example 1 for making a reduction:

●Reduce = MOD 1, Coding 1, NSS 0

●BSSBasicMCSSet includes MCS0-MCS15

●STA1 TX AMPDU MCS18 (QPSK, 3⁄4, 3)

● STA2 determines that the BA response is MCS10 (QPSK, 3⁄4, 2) before making the reduction.

● STA2 determines that some minimum amount is not met, so it needs to be reduced.

● Decrease gives BPSK, 1⁄2, 2=>MCS8

Example 2 for making a reduction:

●Reduce = MOD 1, Coding 1, NSS 1

●BSSBasicMCSSet is cleared, BSSBasicRateSet includes 24,12,6

●STA1 TX AMPDU MCS18 (QPSK, 3⁄4, 3)

● STA2 determines that the MCS is at or below the limit, and all need to be reduced.

● STA2 determines that the BA response is 24 Mbps (16Q, 1⁄2, 1) before making the reduction.

● Decrease gives BPSK, 1⁄2, 1=>6 Mbps

Figure 21 illustrates an embodiment of responding to MCS selection for communication between communication devices, based on a node-based acknowledgment. As can be seen in the figure, at least two different devices are executed, represented by reference digits 2102 and 2102, for communication therebetween. In some embodiments, additional devices (eg, represented by 2103 through 2104) can also be used to communicate with other devices.

As can be seen in this figure, different devices can operate according to different basic MCS groups. For example, the first basic MCS group may correspond to the first device, and the second basic MCS group may correspond to the second device or the like. It is to be noted that more than one device may be included in a group operating according to a specified basic MCS group. In general, different basic MCS groups can be used for different nodes within the system. The considerations associated with initiating the response block MCS selection by node A may at least partially account for the capabilities of each node, communication link, and the like. That is, there may be multiple communication links between the initiating node and the different responding nodes. Between the initiating node and the designated responding node, which devices and which basic MCS can be determined Group correlation to determine the basic MCS group for the specified response node. Likewise, each responding node can be dynamically categorized by one or more basic MCS groups; for example, a designated device can be associated with a first basic MCS group at a time, and a second time can be associated with a second basic MCS group.

In accordance with this embodiment in which a response block MCS selection is made at the initiating node A, the initiating node can be implemented as an access point (AP) operable to transmit the basic MCS group, selecting the group to ensure that the initiating node/AP is effective And appropriately receive the response transmission of all the responding nodes in the basic service group (BSS). For example, in an embodiment in which the initiating node operates as an AP, it is adapted to remove those higher MCS values from the base MCS group, thereby disallowing the use of those MCS values within the respective transmission.

Alternatively, in an embodiment in which the initiating node operates as an AP, different base nodes may be provided with different basic MCS groups. These responding nodes with reduced transmission power capabilities can be assigned to a basic MCS group with reduced MCS (e.g., operating according to lower order modulation, lower rate, etc.). In some cases, when operating in accordance with this embodiment, each explicitly transmitted basic MCS group may be sent to each of the responding nodes, respectively. For example, the first basic MCS group can be transferred from the initiating node to the first responding node, the second basic MCS group can be transferred from the initiating node to the second responding node, and so on. By ignoring the broadcast base MCS group that can be sent by the initiating node/AP, those responding nodes that receive such a basic (especially customized/specific) MCS group corresponding to the responding node can operate. For example, when a triggering node/AP can generally send or broadcast a basic MCS group to each responding node in the system, if a given responding node has received a specific/special basic MCS group usage, then the given responding node can be ignored. Broadcast basic MCS group. It should be noted that any such basic MCS group can be sent to a given response node at a time.

Again, it is noted that such an embodiment may include a means by which a personalized base MCS group may be withdrawn from those responding nodes that have been assigned to those responding nodes. For example, there are cases where it is desirable to return all of the responding node's initiating nodes/APs to operate within the same basic MCS group, rather than selectively and differentially operating certain responding nodes according to different basic MCS groups. In order to perform such a refresh/reinitialization operation, the initiating node will direct one or more response sections to be restored to the public broadcast base MCS group. Alternatively, there are situations where each responding node has information related to certain basic MCS groups, and the initiating node can transmit to one or more responding nodes to revert to the basic MCS group (eg, by eliciting nodes to one or Set specific bits within a given communication for multiple responding nodes).

Figure 22 illustrates an embodiment of a response MCS selection for communication between communication devices based on a determination based on a response node and performing at least one retry. As can be seen in the figure, at least two different devices (represented by reference digits 2201 and 2202) are executed to communicate therebetween.

Even in other embodiments, the responding node itself may perform a response box MCS selection. That is, the response box MCS selection can be made at the responding node, determined autonomously by the responding node, without being guided by the initiating node.

For example, if a retry of the initiation block is received from one of the retry attempts, the initiation block was previously successfully received by the response node and acknowledged by the response node, then the response frame MCS for transmission to the given node may be reduced, for example, Also similar to the other embodiments described above, retrying indicates that a response such as an acknowledgment is lost during the transmission. This loss is not appropriate for a given communication link MCS selection caused. The response node can be implemented to include the ability to distinguish between loss of response due to conflict and loss of response due to inappropriate MCS selection. For example, when a response (eg, an acknowledgment) is lost within a transmission opportunity (TXOP) that already includes at least one complete box exchange, the communication loss associated with the inappropriate MCS selection can be distinguished.

Again, there are some cases where the proposed response MCS cannot be supported by a given communication link. For example, a check that causes the transmission power reported by node A to be greater than the transmission power of the responding node B may determine that the suggested response MCS is not appropriate. Similarly, the check of each transmission power of each node A and B (and the determination of the transmission power of A is greater than the transmission power of B) and the link margin (if known) combined with the transmission power of the responding node do not require support. The proposed response to the MCS.

For example, when the difference in transmission power exceeds the minimum required signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) between the initiating block MCS and the response block MCS, it may be appropriate to reduce the response frame MCS. The amount of MCS can be reduced according to the difference in transmission power of each of nodes A and B and the estimated link margin. There are some cases where the lower response node transmission power is still sufficient/sufficient for a given communication link with sufficient margin, for example, if both devices receive packets with a fairly good probability (eg acceptable BER) /PER).

Figure 23 illustrates an embodiment of a response MCS selection based on a response node based determination and using the lowest MCS in the base MCS group for inter-communication device communication. As can be seen in the figure, at least two different devices (represented by reference digits 2302 and 2302) are executed to communicate therebetween. In some embodiments, additional devices, such as represented by 2303 through 2304, can also be used to communicate with other devices.

In other embodiments in which the response box MCS selection is made at the responding node, the response box can simply be sent at the lowest MCS. For example, within a basic MCS group, a response box can simply be sent using its possibly lowest MCS. For example, as a simple alternative, in order to avoid the need to determine relative transmission power values, evaluate link margins, check retry, etc., a preset mode can be used, by which a response box can be sent. One such preset flag may include sending a response box with the lowest MCS within the base MCS group.

It is to be noted that the specified basic MCS group can be modified to include the given minimum MCS. For example, in an embodiment in which a plurality of responding nodes operate according to a plurality of basic MCS groups, if it is necessary to provide a response box for a plurality of responding nodes in a plurality of basic MCS groups at the lowest MCS shared, then one may be modified. Or a plurality of basic MCS groups to include such a shared lowest MCS (eg, such that all of the basic MCS groups include this shared lowest MCS).

The responding node can simply use this reduced MCS for all response transmissions. This reduced MCS can be viewed as being relatively less than or equal to the MCS of the initiating frame as compared to the requirement to use the highest MCS within the basic MCS group.

Figure 24 illustrates an embodiment of representing a power difference between communication devices. As can be seen in the figure, at least two different devices (represented by reference digits 2401 and 2402) are executed to communicate therebetween.

As with the other diagrams and/or embodiments described herein, it is noted that the respective transmission power levels of different devices within the system are at least one criterion for response frame MCS selection. For example, for a power difference indication, each respective node may represent a transmission power level used in the associated process.

In an alternate embodiment, some sort of management box exchange is possible between the two devices. One such example is the Link Measurement Request and Report function (eg, REVmb.8.5.7.4). For example, the link measurement request box uses the action body format and transmits the box by the wireless station (STA), requesting another STA to respond through the link measurement request box to be able to measure the link path loss and estimate the link margin. Figure 8-390 shows the format of the active field in the link measurement request box (link measurement request box activity field format). The reader also refers to the link measurement report frame format in Section 8.5.7.5.

Even in an alternate embodiment, it is noted that an indication of the transmission power level of the designated node may be provided in accordance with each block (e.g., dynamically according to each block). This indication of the transmission power level can be included in the MAC header.

Figure 25 illustrates an embodiment of selecting a response MCS selection for communication between communication devices based on MCS using channel/MCS feedback. As can be seen in the figure, at least two different devices (represented by reference numerals 2501 and 2502) are executed to communicate therebetween.

As can be seen in the figure, there is a case where data communication is possible in both directions of a given communication link, for example, between the initiating node A and the responding node B. In other words, both nodes A and B perform data transfer to another node. In the example where data communication is actually performed in both directions, both devices at each end of the communication link use link self-adjustment. In general, if data communication is performed in both directions, such information and functions related to link self-adjustment can be obtained and then used.

However, there are some cases where data communication is only performed in one direction, for example, from initiating node A to responding to node B, and responding to node B only Provide a response box, for example, return to cause node A to confirm (but not to raise node A to provide a data frame). In this case, the responding Node B to the initiating node A can make additional communications in order to assist in accordance with the link self-adjustment function.

In general, link self-tuning can be used to select the MCS on the forward link (eg, REVmb's 9.27 link self-adjustment).

If there are forward and reverse traffic, the method similar to the forward link self-tuning can also be used for a given indication link as described above, and link self-adjusting feedback (eg, MCS feedback) can be used for data services, The data service is transmitted in the same direction as the response box. The link self-adjusting feedback can be used to select the MCS transmitted in the same direction as a response box. The same link self-adjusting feedback can be used to select the MCS for the response box. This provides a safer margin for the response box. That is, a relatively low MCS can be selected for the response box as compared to data communication provided in the same direction. In addition, during the connection process, any difference between the MCS and the response for the data (eg, the margin of safety between them) can be indicated.

26, 27A, 27B, 28, 29A, and 29B illustrate various embodiments of a method performed by one or more communication devices.

Referring to method 2600 of FIG. 26, as shown in block 2610, a trigger block is received from at least one additional communication device (e.g., via at least one antenna of the communication device) to begin execution of method 2600. As shown in block 2620, method 2600 continues by determining a first modulation coding group (MCS) associated with the initiation block.

Then, as shown in block 2630, method 2600 operates to select a second MCS based on at least a first MCS and generate a response box with a second MCS. As shown in block 2640, method 2600 continues: will respond The box is sent to at least one additional communication device (eg, via at least one antenna of the communication device).

Referring to method 2700 of FIG. 27A, as shown in block 2710, method 2700 begins to be performed: identifying an MCS that is explicitly represented within an initiation block (eg, received from at least one additional communication device via at least one antenna of the communication device). As shown in block 2720, method 2700 continues by identifying at least one measured parameter associated with a communication link between the communication device and the at least one additional communication device.

Then, as shown in block 2730, method 2700 operates to select at least one additional MCS by initiating the MCS shown within the frame based at least in part on the identified at least one measured parameter.

Referring to method 2701 of FIG. 27B, as shown in block 2711, a basic MCS group is received from a network manager (e.g., via at least one antenna of a communication device) to begin execution of method 2701. As shown in block 2721. Method 2701 continues by receiving an initiation block from at least one additional communication device (eg, via at least one antenna of the communication device).

Then, as shown in block 2731, method 2701 operates by selecting a second MCS that is the highest order MCS within the base MCS group and generating a response box with the second MCS. As shown in block 2741, method 2701 continues by transmitting a response block to at least one additional communication device (e.g., via at least one antenna of the communication device).

Referring to method 2800 of FIG. 28, as shown in block 2810, a first MCS associated with an initiation block is determined to begin execution of method 2800. As shown in decision block 2820, method 2800 proceeds by determining if the first MCS associated with the initiation block is below L (eg, a restriction parameter).

If it is determined in decision block 2820 that the first MCS is lower than L, then, as shown in block 2830, method 2800 operates to select the second MCS based on the R for the response block (eg, decreasing the parameter), The second MCS has a relatively lower order than the first MCS.

Alternatively, if it is determined in decision block 2820 that the first MCS is not lower than L, then, as shown in block 2840, method 2800 operates by selecting the second MCS for the response box by other means.

Referring to method 2900 of FIG. 29A, as shown in block 2910, the first basic MCS group is transmitted to the first communication device to begin execution of method 2900. As shown in block 2920, method 2900 continues by transmitting a second base MCS group to the second communication device.

Then, as shown in block 2930, method 2900 operates to receive a first signal from the first communication device based on the MCS that is the highest order MCS within the first basic MCS group. As shown in block 2940, method 2900 continues by receiving a second signal from the second communication device based on the MCS that is the highest order MCS in the second basic MCS group.

Referring to method 2901 of FIG. 29B, as shown in block 2911, a first initiation block is transmitted to at least one additional communication device (eg, via at least one antenna of the communication device) in accordance with the first MCS to begin execution of method 2901. As shown in block 2921, method 2901 continues: after a period of time, no response block is received.

Then, as shown in block 2931, method 2901 operates to transmit a second initiation block to at least one additional communication device based on a second MCS having a relatively lower order than the first MCS (eg, via at least one of the communication devices) An antenna). As shown in block 2941, method 2901 continues: A response frame is received from at least one additional communication device based on the second MCS or a third MCS having a relatively lower order than the second MCS.

It is also noted that various operations and functions described in accordance with various methods herein can be performed within a wireless communication device, such as using a baseband processing module and/or a processing module executed therein (eg, according to baseband processing module 64). And/or the processing module 50) described in FIG. 2 and/or other components therein. For example, such a baseband processing module can produce such signals and blocks as described herein, as well as perform various operations and analyses described herein, or any other operations and functions described herein, or the like. .

In some embodiments, such baseband processing modules and/or processing modules (which may be implemented in the same device or in separate devices) may perform such processing to generate signals for use in accordance with various aspects of the present invention. And/or any other operations and functions, etc., or equivalents thereof, transmitted to another wireless communication device using at least one of any number of radios and at least one of any number of antennas ( For example, at least one of any number of radios and at least one of any number of antennas is also included. In some embodiments, the processing module within the first device and the baseband processing module within the second device collectively perform such processing. In other embodiments, such processing is performed entirely by the baseband processing module or processing module.

The terms "substantially" and "about" as used herein, are used to provide an industry-recognized tolerance and/or correlation between items. This industry-recognized tolerance ranges from less than 1% to 50% and corresponds to, but is not limited to, component values, integrated circuit technology variations, temperature variations, number of rises and falls, and/or thermal noise. This correlation between items ranges from a few percent difference to a large difference. The term "operably coupled" as used herein "to", "coupled to", and/or "coupled" includes the direct coupling between the items and/or indirectly between the items through the intervening items (eg, items including but not limited to elements, components, circuits, and/or modules) Coupling, where for indirect coupling, the intervening item does not modify the signal information, but its current level, voltage level, and/or power level can be adjusted. Further inferred coupling can be used here (ie, a component is coupled by inference to Another component) includes direct and indirect coupling between two items in the same manner as "coupled to". The term "operable" or "operably coupled to" as used herein to mean an article includes. One or more power connections, inputs, outputs, etc., to perform one or more of their respective functions upon startup, and the item may further include inferring coupling into one or more other items. The term "associated with" includes the direct and/or indirect coupling of a separate article and/or an article embedded within another article. Terms that may be used herein "Advantageous comparison" means that the comparison between two or more items, signals, etc. provides the desired relationship. For example, signal 1 has a greater magnitude than signal 2 in the desired relationship, signal 1 When the amplitude is greater than the amplitude of signal 2 or the amplitude of signal 2 is less than the amplitude of signal 1, an advantageous comparison can be made.

The terms "processing module", "module", "processing circuit" and/or "processing unit" may also be used herein (eg, including various modules and/or circuits, eg, operable, executed, and/or The modules and circuits used for encoding, for decoding, for baseband processing, and the like, can be a single processing device or multiple processing devices. Such processing devices can be microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, microcomputers, central processing units, current field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, state machines, logic circuits, analog circuits, digital bits Circuitry, and/or instructions based on hard coding and/or operation of the circuit Any device that is a vertical (analog and/or digital) signal. The processing module, module, processing circuit, and/or processing unit can have associated memory and/or integrated memory components, which can be a single memory device, multiple memory devices, and/or processing modules Embedded circuits for groups, modules, processing circuits, and/or processing units. The memory device can be a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a volatile memory, a nonvolatile memory, a static memory, a dynamic storage device, or a flash memory. , cache memory, and/or any device that stores digital information. It should be noted that if the processing module, module, processing circuit, and/or processing unit includes multiple processing devices, then central positioning (eg, directly coupled by wired and/or wireless bus structure) or distributable These processing devices are located (eg, cloud computing by indirect coupling through a regional network and/or a wide area network). Moreover, it is noted that if the processing module, module, processing circuit, and/or processing unit performs one or more functions through a state machine, analog circuit, digital circuit, and/or logic circuit, then the corresponding operational command is stored The memory and/or memory components can be embedded in or external to the circuitry including the state machine, analog circuitry, digital circuitry, and/or logic circuitry. It is also noted that the memory component can store hard coded and/or operational instructions, and that the processing module, module, processing circuitry, and/or processing unit execute hardcoded and/or operational instructions that correspond to one or more At least some of the steps and/or functions described in the figures. Such a memory device or memory component can be included in the article.

The present invention has been described above by way of method steps illustrating the performance of its particular functions and relationships. The boundaries and sequence of these functional components and method steps have been arbitrarily defined herein for the convenience of the description. As long as the specific functions and relationships are properly performed, the boundaries and alternatives can be defined. sequence. Accordingly, the boundaries or the order of any such alternatives are within the scope and spirit of the claimed invention. Moreover, the boundaries of these functional components have been arbitrarily defined for the convenience of the description. Alternate boundaries can be defined as long as certain important functions are performed appropriately. Also, the flowchart components within it have been arbitrarily defined to illustrate some important function. To the extent used, the flow chart component boundaries and order have also been defined, and these boundaries and sequences still perform some important function. Accordingly, the definition of such alternatives of functional components and flowchart components and sequences is within the scope and spirit of the claimed invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the functional components, as well as other illustrative components, modules, and components herein, can be used for illustration or by discrete components, specialized integrated circuits, processors executing suitable software, etc., or Execute in any combination.

The invention has also been described, at least in part, in one or more embodiments. Embodiments of the invention are described herein to illustrate the invention, an aspect, feature, concept, and/or example of the invention. Physical embodiments embodying the devices, articles, machines, and/or processes of the invention may include one or more aspects, features, concepts, examples, etc., described with reference to one or more embodiments discussed herein. Moreover, it can be seen that the embodiments may include functions, steps, modules, etc., having the same or similar names, which may use the same or different reference digits. Again, the functions, steps, modules, etc. may be the same or similar. Functions, steps, modules, etc. or different functions, steps, modules, etc.

Unless specifically stated to the contrary, signals transmitted to components within any of the figures shown herein, signals from such components, and/or signals between such components may be analog or digital, continuous time or discrete time, And single-ended or differential signals. For example, if the signal path is a single-ended path, Also indicates the differential signal path. Similarly, if the signal path is a differential path, it also represents a single-ended signal path. Those skilled in the art will recognize that while one or more particular structures are described herein, other structures may be utilized that use one or more data busses, direct connections between components, not explicitly shown, Indirect coupling between and/or other components.

In describing various embodiments of the invention, the term "module" is used. The module includes functional components that are executed by hardware to perform one or more module functions, such as processing one or more input signals to produce one or more output signals. The hardware of the execution module itself can be operated in conjunction with software and/or firmware. The modules used herein may include one or more sub-modules that are themselves modules.

While the specific combinations of various functions and features of the present invention have been described herein, these features and functions are capable of other combinations. The invention is not limited by the specific examples disclosed herein, and other such combinations are explicitly included.

Mode selection table:

10‧‧‧Wireless communication system

12‧‧‧Base Station (BS) or Access Point (AP)

14‧‧‧Base Station (BS) or Access Point (AP)

16‧‧‧Base Station (BS) or Access Point (AP)

18‧‧‧Wireless communication device

20‧‧‧Wireless communication device

22‧‧‧Wireless communication device

24‧‧‧Wireless communication device

26‧‧‧Wireless communication device

28‧‧‧Wireless communication device

30‧‧‧Wireless communication device

32‧‧‧Wireless communication device

34‧‧‧Network hardware components

36‧‧‧Local network connection

38‧‧‧Local network connection

40‧‧‧Local network connection

42‧‧‧ WAN connection

50‧‧‧Processing module

52‧‧‧ memory

54‧‧‧Wireless interface

56‧‧‧Output interface

58‧‧‧Input interface

60‧‧‧ radio

62‧‧‧Host interface

64‧‧‧Baseband processing module

66‧‧‧ memory

68‧‧‧RF Transmitter

70‧‧‧RF Transmitter

72‧‧‧RF Transmitter

74‧‧‧Send/receive module

75‧‧‧Sampling module

76‧‧‧RF Receiver

77‧‧‧Digital mode conversion module

78‧‧‧RF Receiver

79‧‧‧ analog filter

80‧‧‧RF Receiver

81‧‧‧Upconversion module

82‧‧‧Antenna

83‧‧‧Power Amplifier

84‧‧‧Antenna

85‧‧‧RF filter

86‧‧‧Antenna

87‧‧‧ symbol flow

92‧‧‧Outbound RF signals

93‧‧‧Local oscillation

94‧‧‧Inbound RF signal

96‧‧‧Inbound symbol flow

98‧‧‧Inbound information

100‧‧‧Oscillation Module

101‧‧‧RF filter

102‧‧‧ mode selection signal

103‧‧‧Low noise amplifier

105‧‧‧Programmable Gain Amplifier

107‧‧‧ Down Conversion Module

109‧‧‧ analog filter

111‧‧‧Analog-to-Digital Converter Module

113‧‧‧Sampling module

171‧‧‧ rate selection

172‧‧‧scrambler

173‧‧‧Module receiving mode selection signal

174‧‧‧Channel encoder

175‧‧‧Mode Manager Module

176‧‧‧Interlacer

179‧‧‧Setting

180‧‧‧symbol mapper

182‧‧‧ symbol mapper

184‧‧‧ symbol mapper

186‧‧‧Fast Fourier Transform/Circle First Code Add Module

188‧‧‧Fast Fourier Transform/Circle First Code Add Module

190‧‧‧Fast Fourier Transform/Circle First Code Add Module

192‧‧‧Space/Time Encoder

194‧‧‧Digital Filter/Upsampling Module

196‧‧‧Digital Filter/Upsampling Module

198‧‧‧Digital Filter/Upsampling Module

200‧‧‧Digital mode conversion module

202‧‧‧Digital mode conversion module

204‧‧‧Digital mode conversion module

208‧‧‧ analog filter

210‧‧‧ analog filter

214‧‧‧ analog filter

218‧‧‧I/Q modulator

220‧‧‧I/Q modulator

222‧‧‧I/Q modulator

224‧‧‧RF amplifier

226‧‧‧RF amplifier

228‧‧‧RF amplifier

230‧‧‧RF filter

232‧‧‧RF filter

234‧‧‧RF filter

236‧‧‧Antenna

238‧‧‧Antenna

240‧‧‧Antenna

252‧‧‧RF filter

254‧‧‧RF filter

256‧‧‧RF filter

258‧‧‧Low noise amplifier

260‧‧‧Low noise amplifier

264‧‧‧I/Q demodulator

266‧‧‧I/Q demodulator

268‧‧‧I/Q demodulator

270‧‧‧ analog filter

274‧‧‧ analog filter

278‧‧‧ analog filter

280‧‧‧ analog filter

282‧‧•Analog-to-digital converter

284‧‧• Analog to Digital Converter

286‧‧• Analog to Digital Converter

288‧‧‧Sampling module

290‧‧‧Sampling module

294‧‧‧Space/Time Decoder

296‧‧‧Fast Fourier Transform/Circle First Code Removal Module

300‧‧‧Fast Fourier Transform/Circle First Code Removal Module

302‧‧‧ symbol demapping module

304‧‧‧ symbol demapping module

306‧‧‧symbol de-mapping module

308‧‧‧Multiple

310‧‧‧Deinterlacer

312‧‧‧Channel decoder

314‧‧‧Disscrambling module

1200‧‧‧ access point

1202‧‧‧WLAN device

1204‧‧‧WLAN device

1206‧‧‧WLAN device

2102‧‧‧Reference digits

2103‧‧‧ device

2104‧‧‧ device

2201‧‧‧Reference digits

2202‧‧‧Reference digits

2302‧‧‧Reference digits

2303‧‧‧ device

2304‧‧‧ device

2401‧‧‧Reference digits

2402‧‧‧Reference digits

2501‧‧‧Reference digits

2502‧‧‧Reference digits

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a wireless communication system.

2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a wireless communication device.

3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a radio frequency (RF) transmitter.

4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a radio frequency receiver.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a method for processing data by baseband.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a method of further defining step 120 of FIG. 5.

7 through 9 are diagrams showing various embodiments of encoding confidential material.

10A and 10B are diagrams showing an embodiment of a wireless transmitter.

11A and 11B are diagrams showing an embodiment of a wireless receiver.

12 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a plurality of wireless local area network (WLAN) devices and access points (APs) operating in accordance with one or more different aspects and/or embodiments of the present invention.

13 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a wireless communication device and a cluster that can be used to support communication with at least one other wireless communication device.

Figure 14 illustrates an embodiment of a response modulation coding group (MCS) selection for communication between communication devices.

Figure 15 illustrates an alternate embodiment of responding to MCS selection for communication between communication devices.

Figure 16 shows an embodiment of an explicit suggestion/instruction response MCS selection for communication between communication devices.

Figure 17 illustrates an embodiment of responding to MCS selection for communication between communication devices, particularly using certain instruction arguments therein.

Figure 18 illustrates an alternate embodiment of responding to MCS selection for communicating between communication devices, particularly using certain instruction arguments therein.

Figure 19 illustrates an embodiment of a communication in which a response reduction field is included for communication between communication devices.

Figure 20 illustrates another embodiment of communication in which a response reduction field is included for communication between communication devices.

Figure 21 illustrates an embodiment of responding to MCS selection for communication between communication devices, based on a node-based acknowledgment.

Figure 22 illustrates an embodiment of responding to MCS selection for communication between communication devices, based on acknowledgment based on the responding node and performing at least one retry.

Figure 23 illustrates an embodiment of responding to MCS selection for communication between communication devices based on response node based acknowledgments and using the lowest MCS within the base MCS group.

Figure 24 illustrates one embodiment of representing a power difference between communication devices.

Figure 25 illustrates an embodiment of responding to MCS selection for communication between communication devices, based on MCS selection using channel/MCS feedback.

26, 27A, 27B, 28, 29A, and 29B illustrate various embodiments of a method performed by one or more communication devices.

50‧‧‧Processing module

52‧‧‧ memory

54‧‧‧Wireless interface

56‧‧‧Output interface

58‧‧‧Input interface

60‧‧‧ radio

62‧‧‧Host interface

64‧‧‧Baseband processing module

66‧‧‧ memory

68‧‧‧RF Transmitter

70‧‧‧RF Transmitter

72‧‧‧RF Transmitter

74‧‧‧Send/receive module

76‧‧‧RF Receiver

78‧‧‧RF Receiver

80‧‧‧RF Receiver

82‧‧‧Antenna

84‧‧‧Antenna

86‧‧‧Antenna

92‧‧‧Outbound RF signals

94‧‧‧Inbound RF signal

96‧‧‧Inbound symbol flow

98‧‧‧Inbound information

100‧‧‧Oscillation Module

102‧‧‧ mode selection signal

Claims (10)

A communication device comprising: a communication interface for receiving an initiation frame from a communication device; and a processor for: processing the initiation block to determine a first modulation coding group (MCS) of the initiation block; and based on at least The first MCS and at least one measured parameter associated with a communication link between the device and the communication device, and based on at least one reduction parameter or at least one restriction parameter and the reduction parameter And the limiting parameter is based on an indication provided by the communication device, selecting a second MCS and generating a response frame having the second MCS, wherein the second MCS is with the device and the communication device The highest MCS within the associated basic MCS group, and wherein when the first MCS is below the limit parameter, the second MCS has a lower relative value than the first MCS based on the reduction parameter Low order. The device of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to: process the initiation block to confirm a third MCS that is clear within the initiation frame; and to communicate with the device and the communication The at least one measured parameter associated with the communication link between the devices selects the second MCS by the third MCS. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor selects the second MCS based on at least one of a reduction parameter and a restriction parameter provided by the communication device. A communication device comprising: a communication interface for receiving a trigger frame from a communication device; a processor, configured to: process the initiation block to determine a first modulation coding group (MCS) of the initiation block; and based on at least the first MCS, and based on at least one reduction parameter or at least one restriction parameter and The reduction parameter and the restriction parameter are based on an indication provided by the communication device, selecting a second MCS and generating a response frame having the second MCS, and wherein when the first MCS is lower than When the parameter is limited, the second MCS has a relatively lower order than the first MCS based on the reduction parameter. The device of claim 4, wherein the processor is configured to: process the initiation block to confirm a third MCS that is clear within the initiation frame; and based on communication with the device and the device The at least one measured parameter associated with the communication link between the devices selects the second MCS by the third MCS. The device of claim 4, wherein the processor is configured to select the second based on at least one measured parameter associated with a communication link between the device and the communication device MCS. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the processor selects the second MCS based on at least one of a reduction parameter and a restriction parameter provided by the communication device. A method of operating a communication device, the method comprising: receiving, by a communication interface of the communication device, an initiation frame from at least one other communication device; processing the initiation frame to determine a first modulation coding group of the initiation frame ( MCS); Selecting the second MCS based on at least the first MCS and based on at least one reduced parameter or only one limiting parameter and the reducing parameter and the limiting parameter are based on an indication provided by the communication device Generating a response frame having the second MCS, and wherein when the first MCS is below the limit parameter, the second MCS has a lower relative value than the first MCS based on the decrease parameter Low order. The method of claim 8, wherein the third MCS for the response box is explicitly indicated in the initiation box; and further comprising: processing the initiation block to confirm in the initiation frame An explicit third MCS; and selecting the second MCS by the third MCS based on at least one measured parameter associated with a communication link between the device and the communication device. The method of claim 8, wherein the second MCS is selected based on at least one of a reduction parameter and a restriction parameter provided by the at least one other communication device.