TWI470930B - Multi-output decoding circuit - Google Patents
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本發明是有關於一種解碼器,且特別是有關於一種多輸出解碼電路。The present invention relates to a decoder, and more particularly to a multiple output decoding circuit.
在電子領域中,多工器(mulitplexer)可以自多個輸入信號中選擇一個作為輸出,應用範圍相當廣泛,例如通道選擇、匯流排等。多工器可以由多個開關元件組成,其開關元件分別受到控制信號的控制以形成特定的導通路徑,藉此達到選擇輸入信號的功能。類似的電路架構也可以應用在電阻式數位/類比轉換器(Resistor Strings Digital to Analog Converter)中,做為解碼器(Decoder)使用,可以根據數位信號傳遞所選擇的電壓至輸出端。In the field of electronics, a mulitplexer can select one of a plurality of input signals as an output, and the application range is quite wide, such as channel selection, bus, and the like. The multiplexer can be composed of a plurality of switching elements whose switching elements are respectively controlled by control signals to form a specific conduction path, thereby achieving the function of selecting an input signal. A similar circuit architecture can also be used in a Resistor Strings Digital to Analog Converter as a Decoder to deliver a selected voltage to the output based on a digital signal.
解碼器可以根據數位信號輸出一個或多個電壓給後級的電路使用,其內部電路架構類似多個多工器的組合。每個多工器負責輸出一組電壓,其輸出電壓的關係,例如電壓或是間隔的電壓,取決於每個多工器所連接的電壓順序。The decoder can output one or more voltages to the circuits of the subsequent stage according to the digital signal, and its internal circuit architecture is similar to the combination of multiple multiplexers. Each multiplexer is responsible for outputting a set of voltages whose relationship to the output voltage, such as voltage or interval voltage, depends on the voltage sequence to which each multiplexer is connected.
值得注意的是,多工器需要的開關元件數目會隨著位元增加,舉例來說,4位元多工器需要30個開關元件,5位元多工器則需要62個開關元件。若需要輸出相鄰的兩個電壓則需要兩個多工器,其所使用的開關元件會倍增。因此,傳統的解碼器設計面積較大,耗電高,其成本也較高。It is worth noting that the number of switching elements required by the multiplexer will increase with the number of bits. For example, a 4-bit multiplexer requires 30 switching elements, and a 5-bit multiplexer requires 62 switching elements. If you need to output two adjacent voltages, you need two multiplexers, and the switching components used will multiply. Therefore, the conventional decoder has a large design area, high power consumption, and high cost.
本發明提供一種多輸出解碼電路,可以利用低位元的選擇器來組成高位元的選擇器,其總體使用的開關元件較少。The present invention provides a multi-output decoding circuit that can utilize a low-order selector to form a high-order selector, which generally uses fewer switching elements.
本發明提出一種多輸出解碼電路,適用於根據n位元數位信號,自X個電壓中選取Y個電壓作為輸出,其中n、X、Y為正整數,Y小於X,X為n位元的十進位值,該多輸出解碼電路包括一第一選擇單元與一第二選擇單元。第一選擇單元具有2m 個(n-m)位元選擇器與(Y-1)個的加法器,該些(Y-1)個加法器分別根據該n位元數位信號中的一低位元組調整該n位元數位信號中的一高位元組以產生(Y-1)個參考位元組,而該些2m 個(n-m)位元選擇器根據該些參考位元組與原始的該高位元組,自該X個電壓選擇2m 個電壓作為輸出,其中該高位元組為(n-m)位元,該低位元組為m位元,m為正整數且小於n,Y小於或等於2m 。第二選擇單元具有Y個m位元選擇器,對應耦接於該些(n-m)位元選擇器的輸出,根據該n位元數位信號中的該低位元組,自所選擇的2m 個電壓中選取Y個電壓作為輸出,其中該n位元數位信號係由該高位元組與該低位元組組成。The invention provides a multi-output decoding circuit, which is suitable for selecting Y voltages from X voltages as an output according to an n-bit digital signal, wherein n, X, Y are positive integers, Y is smaller than X, and X is n bits. The decimal input value, the multi-output decoding circuit includes a first selection unit and a second selection unit. The first selection unit has a 2 m (nm) bit selector and (Y-1) adders, and the (Y-1) adders respectively according to a low byte of the n-bit digital signal Adjusting one of the n-bit digital signals to generate (Y-1) reference bytes, and the 2 m (nm) bit selectors are based on the reference bits and the original a high byte, selecting 2 m voltages as the output from the X voltages, wherein the high byte is a (nm) bit, the low byte is an m bit, m is a positive integer and less than n, and Y is less than or equal to 2 m . The second selection unit has Y m-bit selectors correspondingly coupled to the outputs of the (nm) bit selectors, according to the low-order tuples in the n-bit digital signal, from the selected 2 m Y voltages are selected as outputs, wherein the n-bit digital signal is composed of the high byte and the low byte.
上述該些加法器中的第c個加法器根據該高位元組與對應於該低位元組的一積項之和產生該參考位元組,該積項之和表示如下:The c-th adder of the adders generates the reference byte according to the sum of the high-order tuple and an integral term corresponding to the low-order tuple, and the sum of the product terms is expressed as follows:
F(c) (bm-1 ,bm-2 ,bm-3 ,...,b0 )=Σm ((2 m -Y +c ),(2 m -Y +c +1),(2 m -Y +c +2),...,(2 m -1));F (c) (b m-1 , b m-2 , b m-3 ,...,b 0 )=Σ m ((2 m - Y + c ), (2 m - Y + c +1) , (2 m - Y + c +2),...,(2 m -1));
其中,c為正整數且小於或等於(Y-1)。Where c is a positive integer and less than or equal to (Y-1).
本發明另提出一種多輸出解碼電路,適用於根據n位元數位信號,自X個電壓中選取Y個電壓作為輸出,其中n、X、Y為正整數,Y小於X,X為n位元的十進位值,該多輸出解碼電路包括一第一選擇單元與一第二選擇單元。第一選擇單元,具有(2m +Y-1)個(n-m)位元選擇器,該些(n-m)位元選擇器根據該n位元數位信號中的一高位元組,自該X個電壓中選擇(2m +Y-1)個電壓作為輸出,其中該高位元組為(n-m)位元,m為正整數且小於n,(2m +Y-1)小於X。第二選擇單元具有Y個m位元選擇器,對應耦接於該些(n-m)位元選擇器的輸出,根據該n位元數位信號中的一低位元組,自所選擇的(2m +Y-1)個電壓中選取Y個電壓作為輸出,其中該低位元組為m位元,其中該n位元數位信號係由該高位元組與該低位元組組成。The invention further provides a multi-output decoding circuit, which is suitable for selecting Y voltages from X voltages as outputs according to n-bit digital signals, wherein n, X, Y are positive integers, Y is smaller than X, and X is n bits. The multi-output decoding circuit includes a first selection unit and a second selection unit. a first selection unit having (2 m + Y-1) (nm) bit selectors, wherein the (nm) bit selectors are based on a high byte of the n-bit digital signal, from the X (2 m + Y-1) voltages are selected as the output, wherein the high byte is a (nm) bit, m is a positive integer and less than n, and (2 m + Y-1) is less than X. The second selection unit has Y m-bit selectors correspondingly coupled to the outputs of the (nm) bit selectors, according to a low byte in the n-bit digital signal, selected from (2 m The Y voltages are selected as the output from the +Y-1) voltages, wherein the low byte is m bits, wherein the n-bit digital signal is composed of the high byte and the low byte.
綜合上述,本發明所提出的多輸出解碼電路可以同時選擇多個電壓輸出,並且可以使用較低位元的選擇器來實現高位元選擇器的功能,藉此達到降低晶片面積成本與功率消耗的功效。In summary, the multi-output decoding circuit proposed by the present invention can simultaneously select a plurality of voltage outputs, and can use a lower bit selector to implement the function of the high bit selector, thereby achieving reduction in chip area cost and power consumption. efficacy.
為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下。The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.
在下文中,將藉由圖式說明本發明之實施例來詳細描述本發明,而圖式中的相同參考數字可用以表示類似的元件。In the following, the invention will be described in detail by the embodiments of the invention, and the same reference numerals are used in the drawings.
圖1繪示本發明第一實施例的多輸出解碼器的電路示意圖。多輸出解碼電路100可以根據n位元數位信號(bn-1 bn-2 bn-3 ...b0 )自X個電壓中選取Y個電壓作為輸出,其中n、X、Y為正整數,Y小於X,X為n位元的十進位值,例如當n等於10時,X等於1024。如圖1所示,X個電壓包括輸入電壓Vr(0) ~,Y個電壓包括Vout(1) ~,Y係由可2p -i表示,其中P、i為正整數。X個電壓可以由電阻串產生,但本發明不受限制。1 is a circuit diagram of a multi-output decoder according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The multi-output decoding circuit 100 can select Y voltages from the X voltages as an output according to the n-bit digital signal (b n-1 b n-2 b n-3 ... b 0 ), where n, X, and Y are A positive integer, Y is less than X, and X is a decimal value of n bits, for example, when n is equal to 10, X is equal to 1024. As shown in Figure 1, the X voltages include the input voltage V r(0) ~ , Y voltages include V out(1) ~ Y is represented by 2 p -i, where P and i are positive integers. The X voltages can be generated by a resistor string, but the invention is not limited.
本實施例將n位元數位信號分為(n-m)位元的高位元組(bn-1 bn-2 ...bm )與m位元的低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 ),其中m為正整數且小於n。高位元組(bn-1 bn-2 ...bm )是指n位元數位信號中較高的(n-m)個位元,而低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 )是指n位元數位信號中較低的m個位元。舉例來說,若n等於8,m等於4,數位信號為00001111,則表示高位元組為0000,而低位元組為1111。在本實施例中bn-1 bn-2 ...b0 為數位信號的二進位表示方式。In this embodiment, the n-bit digital signal is divided into a high byte (b n-1 b n-2 ... b m ) of (nm) bits and a low byte of m bits (b m-1 b m -2 ... b 0 ), where m is a positive integer and less than n. The high byte (b n-1 b n-2 ... b m ) refers to the higher (nm) bits of the n-bit digital signal and the lower byte (b m-1 b m-2 . ..b 0 ) refers to the lower m bits of the n-bit digital signal. For example, if n is equal to 8, m is equal to 4, and the digit signal is 00001111, it indicates that the high byte is 0000 and the low byte is 1111. In the present embodiment, b n-1 b n-2 ... b 0 is a binary representation of the digital signal.
多輸出解碼電路100包括第一選擇單元110與第二選擇單元120,第一選擇單元110根據n位元數位信號的高位元組(bn-1 bn-2 ...bm )與低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 ),自X個電壓中選取2m 個電壓Vs(1) ~作為輸出。第二選擇單元120根據低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 ),自所選擇的2m 個電壓中選取Y個電壓作為輸出。值得注意的是,Y較佳是小於或等於2m 。The multi-output decoding circuit 100 includes a first selection unit 110 and a second selection unit 120, and the first selection unit 110 is based on a high order tuple (b n-1 b n-2 ... b m ) and a low bit of the n-bit digital signal. Tuple (b m-1 b m-2 ... b 0 ), select 2 m voltages from X voltages V s(1) ~ As an output. The second selection unit 120 selects Y voltages as the output from the selected 2 m voltages according to the low byte (b m-1 b m-2 ... b 0 ). It is worth noting that Y is preferably less than or equal to 2 m .
請同時參考圖2,其繪示第一選擇單元110的內部電路示意圖。第一選擇單元110具有2m 個(n-m)位元選擇器201~209與(Y-1)個加法器211~213,其中第1至第(Y-1)加法器211~213用來調整第1至第(Y-1)個(n-m)位元選擇器201~203所對應的高位元組(bn-1 bn-2 ...bm )以產生對應的參考位元組251~253。在本實施例中,Y由2p +i表示,其中P、i為正整數。第1至第(Y-1)個(n-m)位元選擇器201~203根據參考位元組251~253產生電壓Vs(1) ~。電壓Vs(1) ~係選自所接收的X個電壓Vr(0) ~。此外,電壓Vs(1) ~表示其個別電壓僅相差一個位元,或是指電阻串上相鄰的分壓。第Y至第2m 個(n-m)位元選擇器根據高位元組產生輸出對應的電壓,因此第1至第2m 個(n-m)位元選擇器會根據對應的參考位元組251~253與高位元組(bn-1 bn-2 ...bm )產生2m 個電壓Vs(1) ~至第二選擇單元120。Please refer to FIG. 2 at the same time, which illustrates an internal circuit diagram of the first selection unit 110. The first selection unit 110 has 2 m (nm) bit selectors 201 to 209 and (Y-1) adders 211 to 213, wherein the first to (Y-1)th adders 211 to 213 are used for adjustment. High-order tuples (b n-1 b n-2 ... b m ) corresponding to the first to (Y-1)th (nm) bit selectors 201 to 203 to generate corresponding reference byte groups 251 ~253. In the present embodiment, Y is represented by 2 p + i, where P and i are positive integers. The first to (Y-1)th (nm) bit selectors 201 to 203 generate a voltage V s(1) according to the reference bit groups 251 to 253. . Voltage V s(1) ~ Is selected from the received X voltages V r(0) ~ . In addition, the voltage V s(1) ~ It means that the individual voltages differ only by one bit, or the adjacent partial voltages on the resistor string. Y-through of 2 m (nm) bit selector outputs a corresponding voltage generated in accordance with the high byte Therefore, the first to second m (nm) bit selectors generate 2 m according to the corresponding reference bytes 251 to 253 and the high byte (b n-1 b n-2 ... b m ). Voltage V s(1) ~ To the second selection unit 120.
(n-m)位元選擇器201~209的輸入端會根據接腳所對應的位元順序耦接於電壓Vr(0) ~,以第1個(n-m)位元選擇器201為例,由低位元至高位元所耦接的電壓為Vr(0), 。其餘的(n-m)位元選擇器的接腳所耦接的順序如圖2所示,在此不加贅述。值得注意的是,在同一個(n-m)位元選擇器(如201)中,各別接腳所接收的電壓間隔為2m 個電壓,如00...00接收Vr(0) ,而00...01接收。相鄰的(n-m)位元選擇器(如201、202),其相對接腳(同位元)所接收的電壓間隔一個電壓,如(n-m)位元選擇器201的00...00接收Vr(0) ,而(n-m)位元選擇器202的00...00接收Vr(1) 。這樣的電壓配置方式可以讓(n-m)位元選擇器201~209輸出相鄰位元的電壓,但本發明不限制此一配置方式。每個加法器211~213會對應到一組調整值f(1) ~,此調整值f(1) ~係與n位元數位信號(bn-1 bn-2 bn-3 ...b0 )中的低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 )相關。調整值f(1) ~f(2 p -i+1) 的值為0或1,其隨著對應於低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 )的一調整值而變,該調整值的公式表示如下:The input terminals of the (nm) bit selectors 201 to 209 are coupled to the voltage V r(0) in the order of the bit corresponding to the pin. Taking the first (nm) bit selector 201 as an example, the voltage coupled from the low bit to the high bit is V r(0), . The sequence in which the pins of the remaining (nm) bit selectors are coupled is as shown in FIG. 2 and will not be described here. It is worth noting that in the same (nm) bit selector (such as 201), the voltages received by the respective pins are 2 m voltages, such as 00...00 receiving V r(0) , and 00...01 receiving . Adjacent (nm) bit selectors (such as 201, 202), the voltages received by the opposite pins (same bits) are separated by a voltage, such as 00...00 of the (nm) bit selector 201 receiving V r(0) , and 00...00 of the (nm) bit selector 202 receives Vr(1) . Such a voltage arrangement allows the (nm) bit selectors 201-209 to output the voltages of adjacent bits, but the present invention does not limit this configuration. Each adder 211~213 will correspond to a set of adjustment values f (1) ~ , this adjustment value f (1) ~ It is related to the lower byte (b m-1 b m-2 ... b 0 ) of the n- bit digital signal (b n-1 b n-2 b n-3 ... b 0 ). The value of the adjustment value f (1) ~f (2 p -i+1) is 0 or 1, which corresponds to an adjustment value corresponding to the lower byte (b m-1 b m-2 ... b 0 ) The formula for the adjustment value is as follows:
F(c) (bm-1 ,bm-2 ,bm-3 ,...,b0 )=Σm ((2 m -Y +c ),(2 m -Y +c +1),(2 m -Y +c +2),...,(2 m -1));F (c) (b m-1 , b m-2 , b m-3 ,...,b 0 )=Σ m ((2 m - Y + c ), (2 m - Y + c +1) , (2 m - Y + c +2),...,(2 m -1));
C表示加法器211~213的順序,例如第1加法器211,其c等於1。上述調整值的公式可以藉由低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 )與(n-m)位元選擇器201~209的電壓接收順序的真值表產生。C denotes the order of the adders 211 to 213, for example, the first adder 211, and c is equal to 1. The above formula of the adjustment value can be generated by the truth table of the voltage receiving order of the low byte (b m-1 b m-2 ... b 0 ) and (nm) bit selectors 201 to 209.
第二選擇單元120會根據低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 )自第一選擇單元110所輸出的2m 個電壓中選取Y個電壓作為輸出。第二選擇單元120中具有Y個m位元選擇器,如圖3所示,其繪示本發明第一實施例的第二選擇單元120的內部電路示意圖。第二選擇單元120包括Y個m位元選擇器311~319,其分別具有一個輸出端,用以輸出電壓Vout(1) ~。電壓Vout(1) ~係選自(n-m)位元選擇器201~209的輸出。每個m位元選擇器311~319會對應接收(n-m)位元選擇器201~209的輸出電壓,其耦接關係如圖3所示。The second selection unit 120 selects Y voltages as the output from the 2 m voltages output by the first selection unit 110 according to the low byte (b m-1 b m-2 ... b 0 ). The second selection unit 120 has Y m-bit selectors, as shown in FIG. 3, which shows an internal circuit diagram of the second selection unit 120 of the first embodiment of the present invention. The second selection unit 120 includes Y m-bit selectors 311 319 319 each having an output terminal for outputting a voltage V out(1) ~ . Voltage V out(1) ~ It is selected from the output of (nm) bit selectors 201-209. Each of the m-bit selectors 311-319 corresponds to the output voltage of the (nm) bit selectors 201-209, and the coupling relationship is as shown in FIG.
舉例來說,m位元選擇器311具有2m 個輸入端,對應於m位元的低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 ),其2m 個輸入端分別耦接於(n-m)位元選擇器201~209所輸出的電壓Vs(1) ~。m位元選擇器312的輸入端則分別耦接於電壓Vs(2) ~、Vs(1) 。m位元選擇器312所耦接的電壓順序與m位元選擇器311相差一個位元。依此類推,m位元選擇器313與m位元選擇器312也會相差一個位元。這樣的耦接順序可以讓m位元選擇器311~319輸出Y個相鄰電壓Vout(1) ~。同理,調整m位元選擇器311~319的輸入端所耦接的電壓順序或是其排列方式可以改變其輸出的電壓順序。在經由上述實施例之說明後,本技術領域具有通常知識者應可推知其他實施方式,在此不加贅述。For example, the m-bit selector 311 has 2 m inputs corresponding to the lower bytes of the m-bits (b m-1 b m-2 ... b 0 ), and the 2 m inputs are respectively coupled The voltage V s(1) connected to the (nm) bit selectors 201 to 209 ~ . The input terminals of the m-bit selector 312 are respectively coupled to the voltage V s(2) ~ , V s(1) . The voltage sequence to which the m-bit selector 312 is coupled differs from the m-bit selector 311 by one bit. By analogy, the m-bit selector 313 and the m-bit selector 312 also differ by one bit. Such a coupling sequence allows the m-bit selectors 311-319 to output Y adjacent voltages V out(1) ~ . Similarly, adjusting the voltage sequence or the arrangement of the input terminals of the m-bit selectors 311-319 can change the voltage order of the output. After the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should be able to infer other embodiments, and no further details are provided herein.
此外,由於相鄰的m位元選擇器311~319所接收的電壓僅相差一的位元,所以同一個(n-m)位元選擇器201~209的輸出會對應耦接至多個m位元選擇器311~319,例如Vs(1) 會耦接於m位元選擇器311、312。上述(n-m)位元選擇器201~209與m位元選擇器311~319可以由多對1的多工器實現,其功能在於根據數位信號,自所接收的電壓中選取其中一個並且輸出。In addition, since the voltages received by the adjacent m-bit selectors 311-319 differ only by one bit, the outputs of the same (nm) bit selectors 201-209 are coupled to a plurality of m-bits. The 311-319, for example V s(1), is coupled to the m-bit selectors 311, 312. The above (nm) bit selectors 201 to 209 and the m bit selectors 311 to 319 can be realized by a multi-to-one multiplexer whose function is to select one of the received voltages and output according to the digital signal.
上述第一實施例中的多輸出解碼電路100可以有不同的實施方式。在圖2中,加法器211~213的功能是讓同一個(n-m)位元選擇器201~209可以依據不同的低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 )選擇不同電壓輸出至對應的m位元選擇器311~319。換言之,利用加法器211~213可以減少所使用的(n-m)位元選擇器的個數以降低整體的開關元件數目。本發明也可以直接使用較多個選擇器來產生m位元選擇器311~319所需的輸入電壓。請參照圖4,其繪示本發明第二實施例的第一選擇單元的內部電路示意圖。第一選擇單元410包括(2m +Y-1)個(n-m)位元選擇器411~419,其中第1至第2m 個(n-m)位元選擇器411~413的接收端對應耦接於電壓Vr(0) ~中的部分電壓,其電壓間隔為2m 位元。以第1個(n-m)位元選擇器411為例,其接收端耦接的電壓順序為Vr(0) ,,...,。個別(n-m)位元選擇器的接收端的耦接順序請參照圖4,在此不加贅述。The multiple output decoding circuit 100 in the first embodiment described above may have different embodiments. In FIG. 2, the functions of the adders 211 to 213 are such that the same (nm) bit selectors 201 to 209 can be selected differently according to different lower bytes (b m-1 b m-2 ... b 0 ). The voltage is output to the corresponding m-bit selectors 311 to 319. In other words, the number of (nm) bit selectors used can be reduced by the adders 211 to 213 to reduce the overall number of switching elements. The present invention can also directly use more than one selector to generate the input voltage required by the m-bit selectors 311-319. Referring to FIG. 4, an internal circuit diagram of a first selection unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown. The first selection unit 410 includes (2 m + Y-1) (nm) bit selectors 411 to 419, wherein the receiving ends of the first to second m (nm) bit selectors 411 to 413 are coupled At voltage V r(0) ~ The partial voltage in the voltage is 2 m bits. Taking the first (nm) bit selector 411 as an example, the voltage sequence coupled to the receiving end is V r(0) . ,..., . Please refer to FIG. 4 for the coupling order of the receiving ends of the individual (nm) bit selectors, and no further details are provided herein.
(n-m)位元選擇器411~419用以輸出(2m +Y-1)個電壓,包括Vs(1) ~與Vs ’(I) ~,其中Y等於2p-i。此外,值得注意的是,因為X等於2n,所以最大位元的電壓為,因此(n-m)位元選擇器411~419所耦接的電壓序號超過的部分可以視為浮接,如。The (nm) bit selectors 411 to 419 are used to output (2 m + Y-1) voltages, including V s(1) ~ With V s ' (I) ~ , where Y is equal to 2p-i. In addition, it is worth noting that since X is equal to 2n, the maximum bit voltage is Therefore, the voltage number to which the (nm) bit selectors 411 to 419 are coupled exceeds The part can be considered as floating, such as .
對應第一選擇單元410的電路的調整,第二選擇單元420的電路調整如圖5所示,其繪示本發明第二實施例的第二選擇單元420的內部電路示意圖。第二選擇單元420包括Y個m位元選擇器521~529,分別根據低位元組(bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 )選擇一個電壓輸出以產生Y個電壓Vout(0) ~。Y個m位元選擇器521~529的接收端分別耦接於(n-m)位元選擇器411~419的輸出端以接收電壓Vs(1) ~與Vs ’(1) ~。以m位元選擇器521為例,其耦接於電壓Vs(1) ~,個別m位元選擇器521~529與電壓Vs(1) ~與Vs ’(1) ~的耦接關係如圖5所示,在此不加贅述。Corresponding to the adjustment of the circuit of the first selection unit 410, the circuit adjustment of the second selection unit 420 is as shown in FIG. 5, which shows an internal circuit diagram of the second selection unit 420 of the second embodiment of the present invention. The second selection unit 420 includes Y m-bit selectors 521-529, which respectively select a voltage output according to the lower byte (b m-1 b m-2 ... b 0 ) to generate Y voltages V out (0 ) ~ . The receiving ends of the Y m-bit selectors 521 to 529 are respectively coupled to the output ends of the (nm) bit selectors 411 to 419 to receive the voltage V s(1) ~ With V s ' (1) ~ . Taking the m-bit selector 521 as an example, it is coupled to the voltage V s(1) ~ , individual m bit selectors 521~529 and voltage V s(1) ~ With V s ' (1) ~ The coupling relationship is shown in FIG. 5 and will not be described here.
m位元選擇器521~529與電壓Vs(1) ~、Vs ’(1) ~的耦接順序會決定所輸出的電壓Vout(0) ~,其可依照設計需求而定。以圖5為例,m位元選擇器521~529會輸出Y個相鄰電壓。在經由上述實施例之說明後,本技術領域具有通常知識者應可推知其他實施方式,在此不加贅述。m bit selectors 521~529 and voltage V s(1) ~ , V s ' (1) ~ The coupling sequence determines the output voltage V out(0) ~ , which can be determined according to design needs. Taking FIG. 5 as an example, the m-bit selectors 521 to 529 output Y adjacent voltages. After the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should be able to infer other embodiments, and no further details are provided herein.
接下來,以4位元的輸入電壓並且產生兩個相鄰電壓的多輸出解碼電路為例說明本發明的技術手段。4位元的輸入電壓可以由串聯的電阻串產生,如圖6A所示,其繪示產生輸入電壓的電阻串示意圖。電阻串601包括17個串聯的電阻R,可以用來產生16個分壓Vr(0) ~Vr(15) 。值得注意的是,分壓Vr(0) ~Vr(15) 的產生方式不限制於圖6A。Next, the technical means of the present invention will be described by taking a 4-bit input voltage and a multi-output decoding circuit that generates two adjacent voltages as an example. The 4-bit input voltage can be generated by a series resistor string, as shown in Figure 6A, which shows a resistor string that produces an input voltage. The resistor string 601 includes 17 series resistors R which can be used to generate 16 divided voltages V r(0) ~ V r(15) . It is worth noting that the manner in which the partial pressures V r(0) ~ V r(15) are generated is not limited to FIG. 6A.
請同時參照圖6B與圖6C,其繪示第一選擇單元與第二選擇單元的選擇器配置示意圖。在本實施例中,多輸出解碼電路的第一選擇單元610利用2位元選擇器來進行第一階段的電壓選取,第二選擇單元620也是利用2位元選擇器來進行第二階段的電壓選取。也就是說,Y等於2、m等於2、n等於4,X等於16。在本實施例中,第二選擇單元具有2個2位元選擇器621、622,會根據低位元組b1 b0 輸出相鄰的電壓VH、VL。電壓VH、VL需相鄰一個位元,舉例來說,低位元組b1 b0 為11時,電壓VL為Vr(3) ,電壓VH為Vr(4) 。為了符合2位元選擇器621、622的輸出要求,其輸入端所耦接的電壓順序須如圖6B所示。Please refer to FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C simultaneously, which illustrate schematic diagrams of selector configurations of the first selection unit and the second selection unit. In this embodiment, the first selection unit 610 of the multi-output decoding circuit uses the 2-bit selector to perform voltage selection in the first stage, and the second selection unit 620 also uses the 2-bit selector to perform the voltage in the second stage. Select. That is, Y is equal to 2, m is equal to 2, n is equal to 4, and X is equal to 16. In this embodiment, the second selection unit has two 2-bit selectors 621, 622 that output adjacent voltages VH, VL according to the lower byte b 1 b 0 . The voltages VH and VL need to be adjacent to one bit. For example, when the low byte b 1 b 0 is 11, the voltage VL is V r(3) and the voltage VH is V r(4) . In order to meet the output requirements of the 2-bit selectors 621, 622, the voltage sequence to which the input terminals are coupled must be as shown in FIG. 6B.
第一選擇單元會根據高位元組b3 b2 產生2位元選擇器621、622所需的電壓順序。參照圖6B,2個2位元選擇器621、622需要8個電壓序列,可以直接由8個2位元選擇器來實現。但由圖6B可以發現,其中部分的電壓序列是相同的,如2位元選擇器621中的01、10、11等位元所對應到的電壓序列與2位元選擇器622中的00、01、10等位元所對應到的電壓序列相同。因此,第一選擇單元可以由5個2位元選擇器來實現,即2m +Y-1個2位元選擇器,m等於2、Y等於3。The first selection unit generates the voltage sequence required by the 2-bit selectors 621, 622 based on the high byte b 3 b 2 . Referring to FIG. 6B, two 2-bit selectors 621, 622 require eight voltage sequences, which can be directly implemented by eight 2-bit selectors. However, it can be found from FIG. 6B that some of the voltage sequences are the same, such as the voltage sequence corresponding to the 01, 10, 11 bit in the 2-bit selector 621 and the 00 in the 2-bit selector 622. The voltage sequences corresponding to 01 and 10 are the same. Thus, the first selection unit can be implemented by five 2-bit selectors, ie 2 m + Y-1 2-bit selectors, m equals 2, Y equals 3.
請同時參照圖6C,第一選擇單元620包括5個2位元選擇器611~615,分別根據高位元組b3 b2 產生電壓Vs(1) ~Vs(4) 與Vs ’(1) 。2位元選擇器611~615根據高位元組b3 b2 所輸出的電壓Vs(1) ~Vs(4) 與Vs ’(1 )會形成2位元選擇器621、622所需要的電壓序列。Referring to 6C, the first selection unit 620 includes five two yuan selectors 611 to 615, respectively, a voltage V s (1) ~ V s (4) and V s' (The high byte b 3 b 2 1) . The 2-bit selectors 611-615 are required to form the 2-bit selectors 621, 622 according to the voltages V s(1) ~ V s(4) and V s ' (1 ) output by the high-order tuple b 3 b 2 . Voltage sequence.
上述圖6B與圖6C的電路係利用上述第二實施例的技術手段完成。值得注意的是,輸出的電壓數目(Y)、第一選擇單元610所使用的選擇器的位元(n-m)與第二選擇單元620所使用的選擇器的位元(m)可以依照設計需求而定,本實施例並不限制。設計人員只要先決定第二選擇單元620所需的位元數與輸出的電壓數目,便可以決定出對應的電壓序列。然後,利用第一選擇單元610中的選擇器來產生所需的電壓序列便可以得到所需的輸出電壓。The above-described circuits of FIGS. 6B and 6C are completed by the technical means of the second embodiment described above. It should be noted that the number of output voltages (Y), the bits (nm) of the selector used by the first selection unit 610, and the bits (m) of the selector used by the second selection unit 620 can be designed according to the design requirements. However, this embodiment is not limited. The designer can determine the corresponding voltage sequence by first determining the number of bits required by the second selection unit 620 and the number of voltages to be output. The desired output voltage can then be obtained by using the selector in the first selection unit 610 to generate the desired voltage sequence.
由於電壓Vs(1) 與Vs ’(1) 所對應的電壓序列僅相差一個位元,因此可以利用2位元選擇器611與一個加法器來實現2位元選擇器611與615。由圖6B可知,當低位元組b1 b0 為11時,其電壓序列與b1 b0 為00時相差一個位元,所以只要在低位元組b1 b0 為11時,將2位元選擇器611所對應的高位元組b3 b2 加1便可以讓2位元選擇器611輸出電壓Vs(1) 與Vs ’(1) 。請參照圖6D,其繪示本發明第四實施例的第一選擇單元的內部電路示意圖。第一選擇單元可由四個2位元選擇器611~614與一個加法器602實現,加法器601耦接於2位元選擇器611,將一調整值f=b1 b0 加入調整高位元組b3 b2 中以產生參考位元組。調整值f=b1 b0 可以經由真值表計算產生。在經由上述實施例之說明後,本技術領域具有通常知識者應可推知其計算方式,在此不加贅述。Since the voltage sequence corresponding to the voltage V s(1) and V s ' (1) differs by only one bit, the 2-bit selectors 611 and 615 can be realized by the 2-bit selector 611 and an adder. As can be seen from FIG. 6B, when the low byte b 1 b 0 is 11, the voltage sequence is one bit different from b 1 b 0 when it is 00, so as long as the low byte b 1 b 0 is 11, 2 bits are used. The high byte b 3 b 2 corresponding to the meta selector 611 plus one can cause the 2-bit selector 611 to output the voltages V s(1) and V s ' (1) . Referring to FIG. 6D, an internal circuit diagram of a first selection unit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown. The first selection unit can be implemented by four 2-bit selectors 611-614 and an adder 602. The adder 601 is coupled to the 2-bit selector 611, and adds an adjustment value f=b 1 b 0 to the adjustment high-order tuple. b 3 b 2 to generate a reference byte. The adjustment value f = b 1 b 0 can be generated via a truth table calculation. After the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should be able to infer the calculation manner, and no further details are provided herein.
同理,本發明也可利用1位元的選擇器與3位元選擇器來實現具有兩個輸出的多輸出解碼電路,即n等於4、m等於1、Y等於2、X等於16。同樣以圖6A的4位元分壓為例說明。請參照圖7A與圖7B,其繪示本發明第五實施例的第一選擇單元與第二選擇單元的內部電路示意圖。第二選擇單元720包括兩個1位元選擇器721、722,其耦接於電壓順序如圖7A所示。1位元選擇器721、722可以根據數位信號b3 b2 b1 b0 的低位元組b0 輸出兩個相鄰的電壓VH、VL,電壓VH、VL係選自電阻串601所產生的電壓Vr(0) ~Vr(15) 。第一選擇單元710包括3位元選擇器711~713,用來產生電壓Vs(1) 、Vs(2) 與Vs ’(1) 至1位元選擇器721、722。Similarly, the present invention can also implement a multi-output decoding circuit having two outputs by using a 1-bit selector and a 3-bit selector, that is, n is equal to 4, m is equal to 1, Y is equal to 2, and X is equal to 16. The 4-bit partial pressure of Fig. 6A is also taken as an example. Referring to FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing internal circuits of a first selection unit and a second selection unit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The second selection unit 720 includes two 1-bit selectors 721, 722 coupled to the voltage sequence as shown in FIG. 7A. 1 yuan selector 721, 722 can be produced in accordance with the digital signal b low 3 b 2 b 1 b 0 b 0 tuples two adjacent output voltages VH, VL, the voltage VH, VL is selected from the resistor string 601 Voltage V r(0) ~V r(15) . First selection unit 710 includes selectors 711 to 3 yuan 713 for generating a voltage V s (1), V s (2) and V s' (1) to the selectors 721, 722 1 yuan.
整體的多輸出解碼電路700如圖7C所示,其繪示本發明第五實施例的多輸出解碼電路700示意圖。在經由上述實施例之說明後,本技術領域具有通常知識者應可推知其實施方式,在此不加贅述。The overall multi-output decoding circuit 700 is shown in FIG. 7C, which is a schematic diagram of a multi-output decoding circuit 700 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. After the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should be able to deduce the embodiments thereof, and no further details are provided herein.
上述圖7B中的3位元選擇器711、713可以由3位元選擇器711加上加法器來實現,請參照圖8,其繪示以3位元選擇器711取代3位元選擇器711、713的電路示意圖。加法器810會進行數位信號b3 b2 b1 b0 的高位元組b3 b2 b1 與調整值f=b0 的加法運算。也就是說,當b0 等於1時,3位元選擇器711會增加一個位元輸出以產生電壓Vs ’(1) 。其餘的3位元選擇器712與第二選擇單元720的電路與上述第五實施例中相同。經由上述實施例之說明後,本技術領域具有通常知識者應可推知其實施方式,在此不加贅述。The 3-bit selectors 711 and 713 in FIG. 7B above may be implemented by a 3-bit selector 711 plus an adder. Referring to FIG. 8, the 3-bit selector 711 is substituted for the 3-bit selector 711. , 713 circuit diagram. The adder 810 will be high digital signal b 3 b 2 b 1 b 0 tuple b 3 b 2 b 1 f = b and the adjustment value of the adder 0. That is, when b 0 is equal to 1, the 3-bit selector 711 adds a bit output to generate the voltage V s ' (1) . The circuits of the remaining 3-bit selector 712 and second selection unit 720 are the same as in the fifth embodiment described above. After the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should be able to deduce the embodiments thereof, and no further details are provided herein.
此外,值得注意的是,上述元件之間的耦接關係包括直接或間接的電性連接,只要可以達到所需的電電壓傳遞功能即可,本發明並不受限。上述實施例中的技術手段可以合併或單獨使用,其元件可依照其功能與設計需求增加、去除、調整或替換,本發明並不受限。在經由上述實施例之說明後,本技術領域具有通常知識者應可推知其實施方式,在此不加贅述。In addition, it is to be noted that the coupling relationship between the above elements includes a direct or indirect electrical connection as long as the required electrical voltage transfer function can be achieved, and the invention is not limited. The technical means in the above embodiments may be combined or used alone, and the components may be added, removed, adjusted or replaced according to their functions and design requirements, and the invention is not limited. After the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should be able to deduce the embodiments thereof, and no further details are provided herein.
綜上所述,本發明利用較低位元的選擇器來實現高位元選擇器的功能,並且可以同時選擇多個電壓,達到降低整體開關數目與面積成本的功效。In summary, the present invention utilizes a lower bit selector to implement the function of the high bit selector, and can simultaneously select a plurality of voltages to achieve the effect of reducing the overall number of switches and area cost.
雖然本發明之較佳實施例已揭露如上,然本發明並不受限於上述實施例,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明所揭露之範圍內,當可作些許之更動與調整,因此本發明之保護範圍應當以後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the appended claims.
100...多輸出解碼電路100. . . Multiple output decoding circuit
110...第一選擇單元110. . . First selection unit
120...第二選擇單元120. . . Second selection unit
201~209...(n-m)位元選擇器201~209. . . (n-m) bit selector
211~213...加法器211~213. . . Adder
251~253...參考位元組251~253. . . Reference byte
311~319...m位元選擇器311~319. . . m bit selector
410...第一選擇單元410. . . First selection unit
411~419...(n-m)位元選擇器411~419. . . (n-m) bit selector
420...第二選擇單元420. . . Second selection unit
521~529...m位元選擇器521~529. . . m bit selector
601...電阻串601. . . Resistor string
602...加法器602. . . Adder
610...第一選擇單元610. . . First selection unit
620...第二選擇單元620. . . Second selection unit
611~615...2位元選擇器611~615. . . 2-bit selector
621、622...2位元選擇器621, 622. . . 2-bit selector
700...多輸出解碼電路700. . . Multiple output decoding circuit
710...第一選擇單元710. . . First selection unit
711~713...3位元選擇器711~713. . . 3-bit selector
720...第二選擇單元720. . . Second selection unit
721、722...1位元選擇器721, 722. . . 1-bit selector
810...加法器810. . . Adder
Vr(0) ~、Vs ’(1) ~...電壓V r(0) ~ , V s ' (1) ~ . . . Voltage
Vout(1) ~、Vs(1) ~...電壓V out(1) ~ , V s(1) ~ . . . Voltage
bn-1 bn-2 ...b0 ...數位信號b n-1 b n-2 ...b 0 . . . Digital signal
bn-1 bn-2 ...bm ...高位元組b n-1 b n-2 ... b m . . . High byte
bm-1 bm-2 ...b0 ...低位元組b m-1 b m-2 ...b 0 . . . Low byte
f、f(1) ~...調整值f, f (1) ~ . . . Adjustment value
R...電阻R. . . resistance
VH、VL...電壓VH, VL. . . Voltage
圖1繪示本發明第一實施例的多輸出解碼器的電路示意圖。1 is a circuit diagram of a multi-output decoder according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
圖2繪示第一選擇單元110的內部電路示意圖。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit of the first selection unit 110.
圖3繪示本發明第一實施例的第二選擇單元120的內部電路示意圖。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the internal circuit of the second selection unit 120 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
圖4繪示本發明第二實施例的第一選擇單元的內部電路示意圖。4 is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit of a first selection unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
圖5繪示本發明第二實施例的第二選擇單元420的內部電路示意圖。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit of a second selection unit 420 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
圖6A繪示產生輸入電壓的電阻串示意圖。FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of a resistor string that generates an input voltage.
圖6B與圖6C繪示第一選擇單元與第二選擇單元的選擇器配置示意圖。6B and 6C are schematic diagrams showing the configuration of selectors of the first selection unit and the second selection unit.
圖6D繪示本發明第四實施例的第一選擇單元的內部電路示意圖。FIG. 6D is a schematic diagram showing the internal circuit of the first selection unit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
圖7A與圖7B繪示本發明第五實施例的第一選擇單元與第二選擇單元的內部電路示意圖。7A and 7B are schematic diagrams showing internal circuits of a first selection unit and a second selection unit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
圖7C繪示本發明第五實施例的多輸出解碼電路700示意圖。FIG. 7C is a schematic diagram of a multiple output decoding circuit 700 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
圖8繪示以3位元選擇器711取代3位元選擇器711、713的電路示意圖。FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing the replacement of the 3-bit selectors 711 and 713 by the 3-bit selector 711.
100...多輸出解碼電路100. . . Multiple output decoding circuit
110...第一選擇單元110. . . First selection unit
120...第二選擇單元120. . . Second selection unit
Vr(0) ~...電壓V r(0) ~ . . . Voltage
Vout(1) ~、Vs(1) ~...電壓V out(1) ~ , V s(1) ~ . . . Voltage
bn-1 bn-2 ...b0 ...數位信號b n-1 b n-2 ...b 0 . . . Digital signal
bn-1 bn-2 ...bm ...高位元組b n-1 b n-2 ... b m . . . High byte
Claims (10)
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| US20100074375A1 (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-03-25 | Realtek Semiconductor Corp. | Sphere decoding method applied to multi-input multi-output (mimo) channel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20100074375A1 (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2010-03-25 | Realtek Semiconductor Corp. | Sphere decoding method applied to multi-input multi-output (mimo) channel |
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