TWI470181B - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

Heat exchanger

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger having left and right headers and heat transfer tubes disposed between the headers. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for making fluids A heat exchanger in which the outer side in the outer circumferential direction of the heat pipe flows in the axial direction to improve the efficiency of heat exchange.

Previously, various heat exchangers using multiple tubes have been proposed. Figure 8 shows the construction of a heat exchanger having a conventional multiple tube. In Fig. 8, reference numeral 83 denotes a coaxial tube which is disposed inside the outer tube 84 coaxially. In the multi-tube, for example, a plurality of fins along the axial direction are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the inner tube as a multi-tube, or a spiral fin is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the inner tube as a multi-tube. Etc. (Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3). In the case where such a coaxial tube is used to cool the heating fluid, the heated fluid passes through the inside of the inner tube 85, and the cold fluid passes through the gap between the outer tube 84 and the inner tube 85, thereby causing the inner tube 85 to be inside. The fluid is cooled.

Further, regarding another heat exchanger using a plurality of tubes, a heat exchanger having a structure as shown in Fig. 9 is known (Patent Document 4). In Fig. 9, reference numerals 210L and 210R are provided on the right and left headers, and reference numeral 210 is a coaxial heat transfer tube provided between the left and right headers 210L and 210R. The heat transfer tube 210 is composed of a coaxial inner tube 211 and an outer tube 212, and the inner tube 211 extends from the outer tube 212, and the fluid to be subjected to heat exchange flows from the header 210L partitioned by the header wall surface 213. . On the other hand, the vicinity of both ends of the outer tube 212 is sealed by the partitioning plate 214, so that cold fluid flows into the space surrounded by the header wall surface 213 and the partitioning plate 214, and flows from there to the inner tube 211. Within the enclosed gap area.

Prior technical literature Patent literature

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2005-083667

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2007-163092

Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2008-69993

Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 07-133993

However, in the case of using such a multi-tube for heat exchange, the following problems occur. That is, in the heat exchanger shown in Fig. 8 or Fig. 9, the fluid to be subjected to heat exchange is passed through the thin inner tube, and therefore, if it is desired to secure a large flow rate, it is necessary to make the inner tube thick. However, if such an inner tube is made thick, heat exchange can be performed only on the outer surface of the inner tube, and the efficiency of heat exchange may be deteriorated.

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger that uses a plurality of tubes for heat exchange, and can efficiently perform heat exchange even when a large flow rate is secured.

That is, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a heat exchanger using a heat transfer tube having an outer tube and an inner tube, and a first fluid flowing through a gap between the outer tube and the inner tube and flowing through the inner tube Heat exchange is performed between the second fluids, wherein the heat exchanger is provided with a header unit that extends both ends of the inner tube from the outer tube and allows the first fluid to flow from the outer peripheral portion of the extended inner tube a gap to the inner tube and the outer tube; a second header to circulate the second fluid to the inner tube extending from the header unit; and a gap portion for circulating the second fluid from the second header to Between the stacked header units, the second fluid from the second header passes through the inside of the inner tube and also passes through the gap portion in the axial direction through the outer surface of the outer tube.

More specifically, the heat exchanger is provided with: a header unit that is held by the first wall surface near the end of the outer tube and that extends from the outer tube at a second wall surface opposite to the first wall surface The inner tube extends to allow the first fluid to flow into the gap between the inner tube and the outer tube in a space surrounded by the first wall surface and the second wall surface; and the second header to circulate the second fluid to the header unit An inner tube extending from the second wall; and a gap portion for circulating a second fluid from the second header to between the respective header units of the laminate, and passing the second fluid from the second header through the inner tube The inside of the outer tube is also passed through the outer surface of the outer tube in the axial direction via the gap portion.

In this manner, since the first fluid flowing through the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube is cooled or heated by the second fluid from the inner side and the outer side, the efficiency of heat exchange can be improved.

Further, in the present invention, the gap forming member is sandwiched between the stacked header unit and the header unit to form a gap portion.

As described above, when the size of the gap portion is changed, the thickness of the gap forming member can be changed to cope with this, and the most appropriate large gap can be easily set.

Alternatively, a convex portion or a concave portion is formed integrally with the header unit, and a gap portion is formed by the convex portion or the concave portion.

In this manner, only the header unit having the convex portion or the concave portion can be formed to form the gap portion, so that the adhesion of the gap forming member in the assembly step or the like is not required.

Further, a branch member along the axial direction of the heat transfer tube is provided between the upper layer of the stacked header unit and the lower heat transfer tube.

In this way, the second fluid that has flowed in through the gap portion can be branched to the surface side of the heat transfer tube via the branching member, and the second fluid can flow through the vicinity of the surface of the heat transfer tube to further improve the efficiency of heat exchange.

Then, the branching member is brought into contact with the heat transfer tube of the stacked header unit, and the second fluid that has flowed in from the gap portion is branched toward the heat transfer tube side.

According to this configuration, the gap member can be formed by sandwiching the branch member between the heat transfer tubes of the header unit, and the branch member can be thermally diffused by bringing the branch member into contact with the heat transfer tube.

[Effects of the Invention]

According to the present invention, there is provided a heat exchanger using a heat transfer tube having an outer tube and an inner tube for performing heat between a first fluid flowing through a gap between the outer tube and the inner tube and a second fluid flowing through the inner tube Exchanging, the heat exchanger is provided with: a header unit, wherein both ends of the inner tube extend from the outer tube, and the first fluid flows from the outer peripheral portion of the extended inner tube to the inner tube and the outer tube a second header, the second fluid is circulated to the inner tube extending from the header unit; and a gap portion for circulating the second fluid from the second header to the stacked header unit And passing the second fluid from the second header through the inside of the inner tube and also passing through the outer surface of the outer tube in the axial direction via the gap portion, thereby enabling the flow into the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube The first fluid is cooled or heated by the second fluid from the inside and the outside, thereby improving the efficiency of heat exchange.

<First Embodiment>

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 1 of the present embodiment includes the following members: a first header 2a for passing a fluid (first fluid) to be subjected to heat exchange through the inner tube 41 and the outer tube a gap of 42; and a second header 2b disposed on both outer sides of the first header 2a and for passing the second fluid through the inside of the inner tube 41. Further, the heat exchanger 1 of the present invention is characterized in that the first header 2a is laminated on the upper and lower sides of the plurality of header units 21 so as to have the gap portion W, and the second fluid is allowed to pass from the gap portion W. The cooling or heating is performed from the outer side and the inner side of the outer tube 42 along the axial direction of the heat transfer tube 4. Hereinafter, the configuration of the heat exchanger 1 of the present embodiment will be described in detail.

When the structure of the first header 2a constituting the heat exchanger 1 is described, the first header 2a is a header unit 21 that holds the heat transfer tubes 4 having the inner tube 41 and the outer tube 42. It is composed of layers. As shown in FIG. 4, the header unit 21 is configured such that a pair of upper and lower unit separators 22 are opposed to each other, and a first wall surface 23 which is a side near an end portion for mounting the outer tube 42 is formed. The outer shape of the outer tube 42 is divided into half of the first concave portion 28a, and the second wall surface (the rear surface 26) opposed to the first wall surface 23 in the axial direction is also formed to divide the outer shape of the inner tube 41 by half. The second recess 28b holds the outer tube 42 or the inner tube 41. The dividing faces 20 of the first wall faces 23 or the second wall faces 26 are divided by faces parallel to the axial faces of the heat transfer tubes 4 arranged in a row, so that the open portions of the first recessed portion 28a or the second recessed portion 28b face the split Face 20. Further, a continuous side surface or a bottom surface is provided from the first wall surface 23 or the second wall surface 26, and an opening portion 27 is formed on one side surface side, and the first fluid flows in from the opening portion 27. When the header unit 21 is formed by using the unit separation body 22 configured as described above, the unit separation body 22 is opposed to the upper and lower sides, and the first concave portion 28a sandwiches the vicinity of the end portion of the outer tube 42 and is covered by the second concave portion 28b. The vicinity of the end of the inner tube 41 extending therefrom is clamped so that the first fluid flows between the outer tube 42 and the inner tube 41. When the header unit 21 in which the heat transfer tubes 4 are sandwiched is laminated, the gap forming member 8 is used to form a predetermined gap portion W in the vertical direction, and in this state, the respective header units 21 are mounted and covered. The header cover 3a of the opening portion 27 allows the first fluid to flow in from the inflow port 31a. In the case where the gap forming member 8 is used to form the gap portion W, the gap-forming member 8 having a thickness corresponding to the gap width of the gap portion W is prepared and mounted on the upper surface or the lower surface of the header unit 21. A gap is formed on the surface side.

Next, the structure of the second header 2b will be described. The second header 2b allows the second fluid to flow in from the inner tube 41 extending from the second recess portion 28b. In the present embodiment, the second header 2b is constituted by one header cover 3b for covering the first header 2a or the header cover 3a. In the present embodiment, the header cover 3b is a frame structure of the heat transfer tubes 4 that cover the left and right first headers 2a or the central portion thereof, so that the second fluid is provided from the inlets 31b on both end sides. Or the discharge port 32b (refer to FIG. 1) flows in and out. Moreover, if the second fluid flows in through the inflow port 31b of the second header 2b thus constructed, the second fluid is from the inner tube The end portion of 41 flows in, and the second fluid also flows from the gap portion W of the header unit 21 along the outer peripheral portion of the outer tube 42.

In the heat transfer tube 4, the two inner tubes 41 are inscribed in the outer tube 42 and the respective axial surfaces thereof are aligned. Therefore, even if the inner tube 41 expands due to high pressure, the inner tube 41 is inside. The expansion of the inner tube 41 can be prevented by being connected to the outer tube 42. In the case of constituting such a heat transfer tube 4, in order to improve the efficiency of heat exchange, for example, the outer diameter of the outer tube 42 is set to 0.8 mm to 2.0 mm, preferably 0.9 mm to 1.5 mm, and the inner diameter is set. It is set to 0.7mm~1.9mm, preferably set to about 0.8mm~1.4mm.

Further, the branch member 9 is attached to the upper and lower heat transfer tubes 4 in the header unit 21 and the header unit 21 which are arranged in a layer. The branching member 9 is provided in contact with the outer peripheral portion of the heat transfer tube 4, and branches the second fluid that has flowed in through the gap portion W to the outer peripheral portion of the heat transfer tube 4. That is, if the branch member 9 is not present, the second fluid that has flowed in through the gap portion W flows through the gap space where the heat transfer tube 4 is not present, and the efficiency of heat exchange is deteriorated. In response to this, the branch member 9 is installed in the gap space where the heat exchange is not required, so that the second fluid approaches the heat transfer tube 4 side, and the heat from the heat transfer tube 4 is diffused to improve the efficiency of heat exchange. When the branch member 9 is attached as described above, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, when viewed from the axial direction of the heat transfer tube 4, it is attached to the gap in a state parallel to the layered header unit 21. The position where the parts W overlap.

Next, the action of the case of using the heat exchanger 1 thus constructed will be described.

First, if the first fluid is caused to flow from the inflow port 31a of the first header 2a When it enters, the first fluid flows into the header units 21 via the header cover 3a, and branches therefrom to flow between the outer tube 42 and the inner tube 41.

Further, at the same time, the second fluid flows in from the inflow port 31b of the second header 2b. Then, the second fluid flows into the inner tube 41 from the space surrounded by the header cover 3b, and flows in the axial direction of the inner tube 41. Further, the second fluid that has not flowed into the inner tube 41 flows in the axial direction of the heat transfer tube 4 via the gap portion W of the header unit 21. Further, the second fluid is branched up and down by the branch member 9 provided in the gap of the heat transfer tube 4, and is in contact with the outside of the heat transfer tube 4 to cool or heat the first fluid.

As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, the header unit 21 is laminated with the predetermined gap portion W, and the second fluid is passed through the gap portion W along the axial direction of the heat transfer tube 4, so that the entire heat transfer tube 4 can be spread. To exchange heat.

Further, in the present embodiment, since the branch member 9 that is in contact with the surface of the heat transfer tube 4 is provided along the axial direction, the second fluid that has flowed in from the gap portion W approaches the surface side of the heat transfer tube 4, and can be further improved. The efficiency of heat exchange.

<Second embodiment>

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment, the gap forming member 8 is used to form the gap portion W. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, the upper surface or the lower surface of the header unit 21 is formed in a convex shape. The portion 25a or the concave portion 25b passes the second fluid through the gap. In addition, in the present embodiment, the first and the first The members having the same reference numerals have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.

The unit separation body 22 for constituting the header unit 21 of the present embodiment raises the convex portion 25a so as to have a constant thickness from the lower side of the bottom surface, and the convex portion 25a and the convex portion 25a The concave portion 25b is formed to form the gap portion W therebetween. Here, the convex portion 25a is integrally formed when the unit separation body 22 is manufactured. When the header unit 21 is stacked up and down, as shown in FIG. 5, the convex portion 25a interferes with the convex portion 25a of the upper layer and the lower layer. Therefore, the width of the gap portion W is set to "d". In the case of setting the height of the convex portion 25a to "d/2", the gap width can be set to "d" when it interferes with the convex portion 25a of the upper layer and the lower layer.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6, the convex portion 25a may be formed of a thin plate-like body along the axial direction of the heat transfer tube 4, and the upper or lower convex portions 25a may be overlapped. In the case of such a configuration, the header unit 21 of the upper layer and the opening portion 27 of the header unit 21 of the lower layer are shifted by only the thickness corresponding to the thickness of the tube, but when the header cover 3a is attached to the opening portion 27, The weld material can also be used to fill the gap.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the convex portion 25a (or the concave portion 25b) is integrally formed with the header unit 21. Therefore, when the header unit 21 is laminated, it is not necessary to mount the gap forming member 8, so that the lamination can be simplified. The job at the time of the step.

Further, in the present embodiment, the convex portion 25a is formed to form the concave portion 25b in the gap, and conversely, the concave portion 25b can be formed by cutting the bottom surface portion of the unit separation body 22, and A convex portion 25a is formed between the concave portion 25b and the concave portion 25b.

<Third embodiment>

Next, a third embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the gap portion W is formed by the gap forming member 8 or the convex portion 25a. However, in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 7, it can be sandwiched by the upper layer. The gap portion W is formed with the branch member 9 between the heat transfer tubes 4 of the lower layer. In the present embodiment, members having the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.

Since the heat exchanger 1 of the present embodiment is configured in a state in which the gap forming member 8 in Fig. 4 is not present, a branch member 9 having a certain thickness is attached between the heat transfer tubes 4 between the right and left header units 21. The branch member 9 is brought into contact with the heat transfer tube 4, so that the gap portion W can be formed in the upper and lower header units 21.

The branch member 9 is made of a metallic member having a high thermal conductivity, and the heat of the heat transfer tube 4 is diffused by contact with the surface of each heat transfer tube 4, and the second fluid flowing from the gap portion W is directed toward the heat transfer tube. 4 side branches for heat exchange.

Further, when the branch member 9 is made of a metal rigid member, the gap between the upper and lower header units 21 is determined by the thickness of the branch member 9, and there is an error in the deflection of the heat transfer tube 4 or the thickness of the branch member 9. In the case of the gap, the gap width of the header unit 21 is changed. Further, the position of the opening portion 27 of the header unit 21 is changed in accordance with the fluctuation of the gap width, so that it may be difficult to mount the header cover 3a. On the other hand, the branch member 9 is configured by, for example, a metal elastic structure, or only the upper layer and the lower layer may be made of a metal member, and the intermediate layer may be made of a urethane. It is composed of a relatively elastic material. In this way, the deflection of the heat transfer tube 4 or the like can be absorbed by the elasticity, and the positional alignment with the opening portion 27 can be easily performed when the header cover 3a is attached.

Further, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be implemented in various aspects.

For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, the branch member 9 is formed in parallel with the layered header unit 21 so as to be sandwiched between the heat transfer tubes 4, but the branch member 9 can be secured even if the branch member 9 is not present. In the case of the heat exchange rate, the branch member 9 may not be attached.

Further, in the above embodiment, the two inner tubes 41 are provided inside the circular outer tube 42, but the shape of the outer tube or the number of the inner tubes may be various. That is, any shape or number may be used as long as the first fluid is heat-exchanged from the inner side and the outer side.

1. . . Heat exchanger

2. . . Head tube

2a. . . First header

2b. . . Second header

3a, 3b. . . Head cover

4. . . Heat transfer tube

8. . . Gap forming member

9. . . Branch member

20. . . Split plane

twenty one. . . Head unit

twenty two. . . Unit separation

twenty three. . . First wall

25a. . . Convex

25b. . . Concave

26. . . Second wall (back)

27. . . Opening

28a. . . First recess

28b. . . Second recess

31a, 31b. . . Inflow

32b. . . Discharge

41, 85, 211. . . Inner tube

42, 84, 212. . . Outer tube

83. . . Coaxial tube

210. . . Heat transfer tube

210L. . . Left header

210R. . . Right header

213. . . Head wall

214. . . Partition board

d. . . Width of the gap portion W

W. . . Gap

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the header of the first embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a view showing a convex portion of a header unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a view showing another convex portion of the header unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a heat exchanger according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a view showing a heat exchanger using the previous multiple tubes.

Fig. 9 is a view showing a heat exchanger using the previous multiple tubes.

1. . . Heat exchanger

2a. . . First header

2b. . . Second header

3b. . . Head cover

4. . . Heat transfer tube

9. . . Branch member

twenty one. . . Head unit

twenty two. . . Unit separation

31a, 31b. . . Inflow

32b. . . Discharge

41. . . Inner tube

42. . . Outer tube

W. . . Gap

Claims (6)

A heat exchanger using a heat transfer tube having an outer tube and an inner tube for heat exchange between a first fluid flowing through a gap between the outer tube and the inner tube and a second fluid flowing through the inner tube, the heat exchange The utility model is characterized in that: a header unit is arranged, the two ends of the inner tube are extended from the outer tube, and the first fluid flows from the outer peripheral portion of the extended inner tube to the gap between the inner tube and the outer tube; a second header, the second fluid is circulated to the inner tube extending from the header unit, the header unit is provided in plurality, and the header unit and the header unit are stacked in a manner having a gap portion, from the above The second fluid of the second header passes through the inside of the inner tube and also passes through the outer surface of the outer tube in the axial direction via the gap portion. A heat exchanger using a heat transfer tube having an outer tube and an inner tube for heat exchange between a first fluid flowing through a gap between the outer tube and the inner tube and a second fluid flowing through the inner tube, the heat exchange The utility model is characterized in that: a header unit is arranged, the first wall surface is used to hold the end of the outer tube, and the inner wall extending from the outer tube is maintained on the second wall surface opposite to the first wall surface. a space in which the first wall and the second wall surround the gap between the inner tube and the outer tube; and a second header to allow the second fluid to flow into the second wall extending from the header unit Tube, the above-mentioned header unit is set to a plurality of And the header unit and the header unit are laminated with a gap portion, so that the second fluid from the second header passes through the inside of the inner tube, and also passes through the gap portion in the axial direction through the outer side of the outer tube surface. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gap portion is formed by sandwiching a gap forming member between the stacked header unit and the header unit. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the gap portion is formed by a convex portion or a concave portion integrally formed with the header unit. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a second fluid for flowing in from the gap portion is disposed between the header unit and the heat transfer tube in the header unit A branching member that branches to the side of the heat transfer tube. The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat transfer tube is disposed between the header unit and the heat transfer tube in the header unit, and is configured to be self-contained The branching member in which the second fluid that has flowed into the gap portion branches toward the heat transfer tube side.