TWI469363B - Front-side electrode of solar cell and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Front electrode of solar cell and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to an electrode for a solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a front electrode of a solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same.

Solar energy is a sustainable and non-polluting energy source. It has always been one of the most noticeable focuses in solving the problems of pollution and shortage faced by petrochemical energy. Since solar cells can directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, it has become a very important research topic at present.

A solar cell is an energy-converting photovoltaic device. The basic structure of a typical solar cell can be divided into four main parts: a substrate, an emitter layer, an anti-reflection layer, and two metal electrodes. In short, the working principle of a solar cell is to illuminate the emitter layer via sunlight, and the emitter layer converts the light energy into electrical energy, and then transmits the electric energy through the two metal electrodes. Generally speaking, the two metal electrodes in the solar cell are respectively disposed on the light receiving surface and the unaffected surface for external connection, wherein the electrode of the light receiving surface (front electrode) is designed as an important technology for improving the efficiency of the solar cell. One.

In addition to effectively collecting the carriers, the front electrodes should also minimize the proportion of metal lines that block incident light. Therefore, the front electrode is generally designed to have a special pattern of structure, for example, a plurality of very fine finger metal electrodes extending from a busbar. However, if only the area occupied by the metal line of the light-receiving surface is reduced, it will increase due to the increase in resistance. The resistance of the front electrode of the light receiving surface causes loss of energy. Therefore, how to increase the conductivity of a metal wire (for example, a finger metal electrode) while maintaining the area occupied by the metal wire of the light receiving surface is one of the focuses for improving the efficiency of the solar cell.

The current technology is to increase the current flux of the finger metal electrode in the thickness direction by performing multiple screen printing (hereinafter referred to as screen printing) on the substrate. In this way, the conductivity of the metal wire (finger metal electrode) can be increased under the area occupied by the metal wire that maintains the light receiving surface, thereby improving the efficiency of the solar cell. Under this technology, whether the finger metal electrodes of the respective layers are accurately stacked may affect the reliability of the solar cell, that is, the alignment accuracy between the substrate and the screen is closely related to the reliability of the solar cell. Therefore, how to accurately stack the multi-layered finger metal electrodes is one of the problems that current researchers are trying to solve.

The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a front electrode of a solar cell, which can improve alignment accuracy by forming a polygonal pattern having sharp edges.

The present invention further provides a front electrode of a solar cell that has good solar cell efficiency.

The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a front electrode of a solar cell, which comprises the following steps. Forming a first electrode on the substrate, wherein the first electrode includes at least one connecting portion across the substrate, a plurality of first extending portions, and a plurality of first positioning patterns. The first extensions are parallel to each other and to the connection portion, and extend from the connection portion to both sides of the connection portion. First positioning pattern and connection The joints are overlapped or misaligned, and each of the first positioning patterns has a polygonal shape. Forming a second electrode on the substrate, wherein the second electrode includes a plurality of second extensions and a plurality of first alignment patterns. The second extension overlaps the first extension, wherein the first extension is located between the second extension and the substrate. The first alignment patterns respectively correspond to one of the first positioning patterns, and each of the first alignment patterns is a polygon.

The present invention further provides a method of manufacturing a front electrode of a solar cell, comprising the following steps. Forming a first electrode on the substrate, wherein the first electrode includes at least one connecting portion and a plurality of first extending portions across the substrate. The first extensions are parallel to each other and to the connection portion, and extend from the connection portion to both sides of the connection portion. Forming a second electrode on the substrate, wherein the second electrode includes a plurality of second extensions and a plurality of first alignment patterns. The second extension overlaps the first extension, wherein the first extension is located between the second extension and the substrate. Each of the first alignment patterns has a polygonal shape, wherein each of the first alignment patterns is disposed on an extension direction of one of the first extensions on the connection portion, or is disposed on one of the first extensions of the edge of the nearest substrate The extending direction of the portion, the edge of the substrate, and the area enclosed by both sides of the connecting portion, when the first alignment pattern is disposed in the region, the center of the first alignment pattern is correspondingly disposed at a center point of the region.

The present invention also provides a front electrode of a solar cell manufactured by the above manufacturing method.

Based on the above, the present invention can provide good alignment accuracy through the arrangement of the polygonal alignment pattern and/or the positioning pattern, so that the first extensions (finger metal electrodes) of the plurality of layers are accurately stacked. In this way, the light receiving surface can be maintained The solar cell efficiency is improved by increasing the current flux of the first extension in the thickness direction under the area occupied by the first electrode (ie, the aforementioned finger metal electrode).

The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.

1A and 1B are schematic diagrams showing a manufacturing process of a front electrode of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1A, first, a first electrode 120a is formed on a substrate 110. In the present embodiment, the substrate 110 is a germanium substrate. That is, the substrate 110 is a substrate of a twinned solar cell. In other embodiments, the substrate 110 can also be a glass substrate. That is, the substrate 110 can also be a substrate of a thin film solar cell.

In this embodiment, the first electrode 120a is formed on the substrate 110 by screen printing, for example, and the material of the first electrode 120a may be an ultraviolet curing conductive adhesive. The material of the ultraviolet curing conductive adhesive includes a metal such as silver, nickel or other suitable metal. Of course, the present embodiment is described by way of example only, and is not intended to limit the invention. In other embodiments, the material of the first electrode 120a may also be other suitable conductive materials, and may be formed on the substrate 110 by other suitable methods.

In the embodiment, the first electrode 120a includes at least one connecting portion 122a across the substrate 110, a plurality of first extending portions 124, and a plurality of first positioning patterns P1A. This embodiment is exemplified by two connecting portions 122a, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Further, the two connecting portions 122a are parallel to each other and extend in the first direction X and are arranged in the second direction Y. This implementation For example, the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The first extending portions 124 are parallel to each other and connected to the connecting portion 122a, and extend from the connecting portion 122a to both sides of the connecting portion 122a. The first extending portion 124 between the adjacent connecting portions 122a connects the adjacent connecting portions 122a, and the first extending portion 124 at the edge of the substrate 110 extends from the connecting portion 122a toward the edge of the substrate 110. Further, the first extensions 124 of the present embodiment extend, for example, in the second direction Y and are arranged along the first direction X.

In the present embodiment, the first positioning pattern P1A overlaps with the connecting portion 122a. The shape of each of the first positioning patterns P1A is, for example, a polygon. In the embodiment, the first positioning pattern P1A is, for example, a hollow pattern. Specifically, the first positioning pattern P1A is, for example, a hollow rectangular pattern on opposite sides of the connecting portion 122a. That is, the material of the first electrode 120a (for example, the aforementioned ultraviolet light-curing conductive paste) is not provided at the overlapping portion of the connecting portion 122a and the first positioning pattern P1A. In the present embodiment, the thickness H _{P1A of the} first positioning pattern P1A (ie, the thickness of the hollow rectangular pattern) is equal to the thickness H _{122a of the} connecting portion _122a .

Further, when the first electrode 120a is formed, the material of the first electrode 120a may be formed on the overlap of the substrate 110 by the overlap of the connection portion 122a and the first positioning pattern P1A. The connecting portion 122a, the first extending portion 124, and the first positioning pattern P1A are simultaneously completed. Of course, this embodiment does not need to define the forming method of the first positioning pattern P1A. In other embodiments, a complete strip connection may also be formed first. 122a, the overlap of the connecting portion 122a and the first positioning pattern P1A is removed to form a plurality of hollow patterns.

In the present embodiment, although the first positioning pattern P1A is exemplified by a hollow rectangular pattern on opposite sides of the connecting portion 122a, the present invention does not need to define the topography of the first positioning pattern P1A (including the first positioning). The thickness of the pattern P1A is H _P1A , position or shape). For example, the first positioning pattern P1A may be a polygonal recess pattern located anywhere on the connecting portion 122a. The recess pattern (first positioning pattern P1A) may not be located at the boundary of the connecting portion 122a, and the shape of the recess pattern may be a polygon and not limited to a rectangular pattern of four sides, and the thickness H _{P1A of the} recess pattern may be smaller than the connecting portion The thickness of _122a is H _122a .

Referring to FIG. 1B, a second electrode 140a is formed on the substrate 110. In this embodiment, the second electrode 140a may also be formed on the substrate 110 by screen printing. In addition, the material of the second electrode 140a may also be an ultraviolet curing conductive adhesive. In other embodiments, the material of the second electrode 140a may also be other suitable conductive materials, and may be formed on the substrate 110 by other suitable methods.

Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the method of manufacturing the front electrode of the solar cell will be described with reference to the above steps. However, the present invention is not intended to limit the order of manufacture of the first electrode 120a and the second electrode 140a. In other embodiments, the foregoing second electrode 140a may be formed first to form the first electrode 120a.

The second electrode includes a plurality of second extensions 142 and a plurality of first alignment patterns A1A. The second extension portion 142 is overlapped with the first extension portion 124 , wherein the first extension portion 124 is located between the second extension portion 142 and the substrate 110 . Specifically, the lengths L _142a , L _{142b ,} and the width W ₁₄₂ of the second extension portion ₁₄₂ are the same as the lengths L _124a , L _{124b ,} and the width W _{124 of the} first extension portion 124 , respectively. As such, after the second electrode 140 is formed, the second extension portion 142 is directly superposed on the first extension portion 124, and the two are in contact with each other, and the orthographic projection of the second extension portion 142 on the substrate 110 is substantially the same as the first The orthographic projections of the extensions 124 on the substrate 110 completely overlap.

In this embodiment, the plurality of first extending portions 124 and the plurality of second extending portions 142 are overlapped by the second screen printing to increase the extending portion (including the first extending portion 124 and the second extending portion) electrically connected to the connecting portion 122a. Portion 142) Current flux in the thickness direction Z. In this way, the solar cell efficiency can be improved while maintaining the area occupied by the extension portion of the front electrode (light receiving surface).

Each of the first alignment patterns A1A is disposed corresponding to one of the first alignment patterns P1A, and the shape of each of the first alignment patterns A1A is a polygon. In this embodiment, the first alignment pattern A1A can be formed on the substrate 110 by screen printing at the same time as the second extension portion 142. In other words, the material of the first alignment pattern A1A can be the same as the material of the second extension portion 142. However, this embodiment is not used to define the material of the first alignment pattern A1A or the formation method of the first alignment pattern A1A.

In this embodiment, through the design of the hollow pattern of the first positioning pattern P1A, when the material of the second electrode 140a is screen printed, part of the material is filled in the hollow pattern of the first positioning pattern P1A to form the first pair. Bit pattern A1A. In other words, the shape of the first alignment pattern A1A of the present embodiment is complementary to the shape of the first alignment pattern P1A. Further, the shape of the first alignment pattern A1A of the embodiment is, for example, a rectangle that is the same as the shape of the first positioning pattern P1A, and the length L _A1A and the width W _A1A of the first alignment pattern _A1A and the first positioning pattern. The length L _{P1A of P1A} and the width W _{P1A are the} same.

2 is a top view of the first electrode 120a and the second electrode 140a of FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2 layers the first electrode 120a and the second electrode 140a of FIG. 1 to more clearly illustrate the first electrode 120a and An embodiment of the second electrode 140a.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the center of the first alignment pattern A1A of the embodiment corresponds to the center of one of the first positioning patterns P1A, and the shape of the first alignment pattern A1A is complementary to the shape of the first positioning pattern P1A. . Thus, when the second electrode 140a is screen printed, the first alignment pattern A1A is overlapped with the first alignment pattern P1A or the center point of the first positioning pattern P1A is searched for, so that the first alignment pattern A1A is The first positioning patterns P1A are substantially completely overlapped, that is, the first extending portion 124 and the second extending portion 142 are overlapped. After the first extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142 are overlapped, the front surface electrode 100 of the solar cell of the present embodiment is initially completed.

It is worth mentioning that, through the design of the hollow pattern of the first positioning pattern P1A, after the material of the second electrode 140a is screen printed, the first alignment pattern A1A is located in the hollow pattern of the first positioning pattern P1A. In other words, the first alignment pattern A1A of the embodiment and the connecting portion 122a form a complete rectangular pattern. The embodiment can selectively make the thickness H _A1A of the first alignment pattern _{A1A the} same as the thickness H _{P1A of the} first positioning pattern P1A, that is, the rectangular pattern has a flat surface to avoid subsequent solar cell module soldering. The problem of uneven force, poor soldering, and fragmentation caused by the height difference further enhances the reliability of the solar cell module to which the front electrode 100 of the solar cell of the present embodiment is applied.

In addition, since the first alignment pattern A1A and the first positioning pattern P1A of the embodiment are all polygonal, that is, having sharp corners, when the first extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142 are overlapped, Whether it is by the method of edge-finding alignment (that is, finding the boundary of the first positioning pattern P1A) or by the center point alignment (that is, finding the center point of the first positioning pattern P1A), both can have good The alignment accuracy can avoid the defects of the solar cell caused by the poor alignment, and can further maintain the area occupied by the extension portion (including the first extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142) of the front electrode (light receiving surface). Improve solar cell efficiency.

In addition, the embodiment can further improve the alignment accuracy by increasing the size of the first alignment pattern A1A and the first positioning pattern P1A. Specifically, in a screen printing process, the larger the graphic is printed, the more complete the graphic will be. Since the first alignment pattern A1A is disposed corresponding to the connection portion 122a, the increase in the size of the first alignment pattern A1A does not additionally mask the proportion of incident light. Therefore, in this embodiment, by increasing the size of the first alignment pattern A1A and the size of the first positioning pattern P1A, for example, the size of the first alignment pattern A1A and the size of the first positioning pattern P1A are several hundred. Between micrometers and several millimeters, to more accurately find the center point of the first positioning pattern P1A and the center point of the first alignment pattern A1A to be formed (refer to the screen layout for forming the first alignment pattern A1A) The center point of the pattern) and further enhance the pair of front electrodes 100 of the solar cell Bit precision.

Although the present embodiment is exemplified by the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the first alignment pattern A1A of the present embodiment and the relative arrangement positions of the first alignment pattern P1A and the connection portion 122a. Hereinafter, an embodiment of a front electrode of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

3 is a top plan view showing a first electrode and a second electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of description and illustration, FIG. 3 illustrates the first electrode 120b and the second electrode 140b in layers, but the front electrode 200 of the solar cell of the embodiment is substantially superposed on the first electrode 120b and the second electrode 140. On the substrate 110.

Referring to FIG. 3, the front electrode 200 of the solar cell of the present embodiment has a similar structure to the front electrode 100 of the solar cell of FIG. The main difference between the two is that the first positioning pattern P1B of the present embodiment is located in the middle of the opposite side edges of the connecting portion 122b.

With this arrangement, the present embodiment can also selectively make the thickness H _A1A of the first alignment pattern _{A1A the} same as the thickness H _{P1A of the} first positioning pattern P1A, that is, the first alignment pattern A1A. The rectangular pattern formed by the connecting portion 122a has a flat surface to avoid problems such as uneven force caused by the height difference, poor soldering, and fragmentation when the solar cell module is subsequently soldered, thereby improving the application of the embodiment. The reliability of the solar cell module of the front electrode 200 of the solar cell.

In addition, the embodiment can also be improved by setting the polygonal first alignment pattern A1B and the first positioning pattern P1B having sharp corners. The alignment accuracy of the front electrode 200 of the solar cell avoids defects of the solar cell due to poor alignment, and further can maintain the extension of the front electrode (light receiving surface) (including the first extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142) Under the area occupied, the solar cell efficiency is improved.

In addition, the embodiment can further improve the alignment accuracy by increasing the size of the first alignment pattern A1B and the size of the first positioning pattern P1B to make the screen printing pattern more complete. Since the first alignment pattern A1B is disposed corresponding to the connection portion 122b, the increase in the size of the first alignment pattern A1B does not additionally mask the proportion of incident light. Therefore, in this embodiment, by increasing the size of the first alignment pattern A1B and the size of the first positioning pattern P1B, for example, the size of the first alignment pattern A1B and the size of the first positioning pattern P1B are several hundred. Between micrometers and several millimeters, the center point of the first alignment pattern A1B and the center point of the first positioning pattern P1B are more accurately found, and the alignment accuracy of the front surface electrode 200 of the solar cell is further improved.

In this embodiment, the first alignment pattern A1B is also disposed corresponding to one of the first positioning patterns P1B, and the shape of the first alignment pattern A1B is complementary to the shape of the first positioning pattern P1B and the same size. However, the present invention is not intended to limit the shape of the first alignment pattern A1B to be the same as the shape of the first alignment pattern P1B, and does not limit the shape of the first alignment pattern A1B or the shape of the first positioning pattern P1B to be a rectangle. Other embodiments of the first alignment pattern A1B and the first positioning pattern P1B will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4K.

4A to 4K are first alignment patterns of other embodiments of the present invention; And a schematic diagram of the first positioning pattern. Referring to FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D , the shapes of the first alignment patterns A1C, A1D, A1E, and A1F may be the same as the shapes of the first positioning patterns P1C, P1D, P1E, and P1F, and the first alignment patterns A1C, A1D, and A1E. The boundary of A1F may coincide with the boundary of the first positioning patterns P1C, P1D, P1E, P1F. In the embodiment of FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D, the shapes of the first alignment patterns A1C, A1D, A1E, A1F and the shapes of the first positioning patterns P1C, P1D, P1E, P1F may include T-shaped, cross-shaped, diamond-shaped, triangular Equal polygons, but not limited to this. By the first alignment pattern A1C, A1D, A1E, A1F (in the screen printing, the first alignment pattern is the blank pattern reserved on the screen for the first alignment pattern) and the first positioning pattern P1C, P1D, P1E, and P1F are superimposed, so that the first alignment patterns A1C, A1D, A1E, and A1F are substantially completely overlapped with the first positioning patterns P1C, P1D, P1E, and P1F, so that the first extension portion 124 can be completed. The overlap of the second extensions 142.

Referring to FIG. 4E to FIG. 4K, the shapes of the first alignment patterns A1G, A1H, A1I, A1J, A1K, A1L, A1M may be different from the shapes of the first positioning patterns P1G, P1H, P1I, P1J, P1K, P1L, P1M. And the boundary of the first alignment pattern A1G may coincide with the first positioning pattern P1G, or the boundary of the first alignment pattern A1H, A1I, A1J, A1K, A1L, A1M may not be the first positioning patterns P1H, P1I, P1J , P1K, P1L, P1M coincide.

The embodiments of FIGS. 4E to 4K define the alignment points A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7 and the first positioning pattern of the first alignment patterns A1G, A1H, A1I, A1J, A1K, A1L, A1M, respectively. P1G, P1H, P1I, P1J, P1K, P1L, P1M positioning points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, and the alignment points A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7 of the first alignment patterns A1G, A1H, A1I, A1J, A1K, A1L, A1M and the first positioning patterns P1G, P1H, The positioning points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, and P7 of P1I, P1J, P1K, P1L, and P1M overlap. Thus, the opposite points A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7 and the first positioning patterns P1G, P1H, P1I, P1J of the first alignment patterns A1G, A1H, A1I, A1J, A1K, A1L, A1M With the aid of the positioning points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, and P7 of P1K, P1L, and P1M, the overlapping of the first extending portion 124 and the second extending portion 142 can be completed.

Further, the positioning points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 and the opposite points A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7 may be the first alignment patterns A1G, A1H, A1I, A1J, A1K, A1L, A1M, and the center, center of gravity, and the like of the first alignment patterns A1G, A1H, A1I, A1J, A1K, A1L, and A1M are defined. The definition methods of the positioning points P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, and P7 and the matching points A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, and A7 will be described in more detail below.

Referring to FIG. 4E to FIG. 4G, the shapes of the first alignment patterns A1G, A1H, and A1I are, for example, a hollow rectangle, a T shape, and a cross shape, wherein the alignment point A1 of the first alignment patterns A1G, A1H, and A1I is sought. The steps of A2, A3 may include the following. First, searching for the boundary of the first alignment pattern A1G, A1H, A1I (in screen printing, that is, searching for the boundary of the blank pattern reserved for the first alignment pattern), and thus extending the boundaries The intersection defines the four corners of a rectangular pattern. In the embodiment of FIG. 4E to FIG. 4G, the rectangular pattern defined by the extension of the boundaries is, for example, the first positioning. Patterns P1G, P1H, P1I. Next, the intersection of the two diagonal lines of the rectangular pattern is the alignment points A1, A2, A3 defined in these embodiments. On the other hand, the positioning points P1, P2, and P3 may be defined by intersections of two diagonal lines of the first positioning patterns P1G, P1H, and P1I. Of course, the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative, and are not intended to define the definition methods of the respective pairs of points A1, A2, A3 and/or the positioning points P1, P2, P3.

Referring to FIG. 4H, the shape of the first alignment pattern A1J of the present embodiment is, for example, a diamond shape, and the alignment point A4 is defined, for example, by the intersection of the diagonals of the diamond. In this embodiment, the positioning point P4 of the first positioning pattern P1J may be defined by a line connecting the points of the two long sides of the first positioning pattern P1J and a line connecting the points of the two short sides. to make. In other embodiments, the positioning point P4 of the first positioning pattern P1J may also be defined by the intersection of the aforementioned diagonal lines.

Referring to FIG. 4I, the shape of the first alignment pattern A1K of the present embodiment is, for example, a triangle, and the method for finding the position A5 is, for example, as follows. First, connect one of the corners of the triangle to the point between its opposite sides. Next, find the midpoint of this connection to define the opposite point A5. In this embodiment, the positioning point P5 of the first positioning pattern P1K may be defined by a line connecting the points of the two long sides of the first positioning pattern P1K and a line connecting the points of the two short sides. to make. In other embodiments, the positioning point P5 of the first positioning pattern P1K may also be defined by the intersection of the aforementioned diagonal lines.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of FIG. 4E to FIG. 4I, the first positioning patterns P1G, P1H, P1I, P1J, P1K are illustrated by a rectangle, but the invention is not limited thereto. Furthermore, in the embodiment of Figures 4E to 4I, The anchor point defined by the "intersection of the diagonal" and the anchor point defined by the intersection of the line formed by the point between the two long sides and the line connecting the two short sides are It falls at the same position of the first positioning patterns P1G, P1H, P1I, P1J, P1K. In other words, when the first positioning pattern is a rectangle, the method of defining the positioning point has at least the above two methods. Of course, the present invention does not limit the first positioning pattern and/or the first alignment pattern to be rectangular.

Referring to FIG. 4J, the shape of the first positioning pattern P1L of the present embodiment is, for example, a triangle, and the shape of the first alignment pattern A1L is, for example, a hexagon. In the present embodiment, the positioning point P6 of the first positioning pattern P1L is, for example, the center of gravity of a triangle. On the other hand, the matching point A6 of the first alignment pattern A1L is defined, for example, by the intersection of the lines connecting the two pairs of sides.

Referring to FIG. 4K, the shape of the first positioning pattern P1M of the present embodiment is, for example, an octagon, and the shape of the first alignment pattern A1M is, for example, a rectangle. In this embodiment, the positioning point P7 of the first positioning pattern P1M is defined, for example, by the intersection of the lines connecting the two opposite sides of the first positioning pattern P1M, and the opposite point A7 of the first alignment pattern A1M is, for example, It is defined by the intersection of the diagonals of the first alignment pattern A1M.

It should be noted that the embodiments of FIG. 4A to FIG. 4K are merely illustrative, and are not a method for defining a pair of sites of the first alignment pattern, a method for defining an anchor point of the first positioning pattern, and a first alignment. A method of matching the shape of the pattern with the shape of the first positioning pattern. Anyone skilled in the art can use the design of the polygon of the first alignment pattern to have sharp corners and the polygon of the first positioning pattern to have sharp corners without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Design to find the polygon The alignment point of the pair of bit patterns and the positioning point of the first positioning pattern of the polygon, and the alignment of the alignment points and the positioning points are performed to improve the alignment accuracy of the front electrodes of the solar cell. In this way, by improving the precision of the overlapping of the first extension portion and the second extension portion, it is possible to avoid the defect of the solar cell caused by the poor alignment, and to extend the connection portion (including the first extension portion and the first portion) The current extension of the second extension portion in the thickness direction is improved, and the solar cell efficiency can be improved while maintaining the area occupied by the extension portion of the front electrode (light receiving surface).

The above embodiment is exemplified by a stacking of the first extension portion and the second extension portion, but the present invention does not need to limit the number of layers of the extension portion of the front electrode of the solar cell. Other embodiments of the front electrode of the solar cell of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

5 is a top plan view showing a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5, the front electrode 300 of the solar cell of the present embodiment has a similar structure to the front electrode 100 of the solar cell of FIG. The main difference between the two is that the first electrode 120c of the front surface electrode 300 of the solar cell of the embodiment further includes a plurality of second positioning patterns P2A. In addition, the front electrode 300 of the solar cell of the present embodiment further includes a third electrode 160a. The third electrode 160a may also be formed on the substrate 110 by screen printing. In addition, the material of the third electrode 160 may also be an ultraviolet curing conductive adhesive.

In the present embodiment, the second positioning pattern P2A overlaps with the connecting portion 122c. Each of the first positioning patterns P1A and each of the second positioning patterns P2A are respectively located on opposite sides of the connecting portion 122c, and the shapes of the second positioning patterns P2A are respectively The shape is a polygon. The second positioning pattern P2A of this embodiment is also illustrated by a hollow pattern. Specifically, the second positioning pattern P2A is, for example, a hollow rectangular pattern on opposite sides of the connecting portion 122c. The connecting portion 122c of the present embodiment overlaps the two first positioning patterns P1A and the two second positioning patterns P2A, respectively, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the number of the first positioning patterns P1A overlapping with the respective connecting portions 122c and the number of the second positioning patterns P2A corresponding to the number of the first positioning patterns P1A may be determined according to actual needs.

The third electrode 160a includes a plurality of third extensions 162 and a plurality of second alignment patterns A2A. The third extension portion 162 is overlapped with the first extension portion 124 , wherein the second extension portion 142 is located between the first extension portion 124 and the third extension portion 162 . Specifically, the lengths L _162a , L _162b and the width (not shown) of the third extension portion 162 are, for example, the lengths L _124a , L _124b and the width W _{124 of the} first extension portion ₁₂₄ (shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B) Same. After the first extension portion 124 , the second extension portion 142 , and the third extension portion 162 are overlapped, the third extension portion 162 and the connection portion 122 c are electrically connected through the first extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142 .

In addition, the orthographic projection of the third extension 162 on the substrate 110 may substantially completely overlap the orthographic projection of the first extension 124 on the substrate 110. By overlapping the first extending portion 124, the second extending portion 142, and the third extending portion 162, the extending portion electrically connected to the connecting portion 122c (including the first extending portion 124, the second extending portion 142, and The third extension 162) has a current flux in the thickness direction Z. In this way, the solar cell efficiency can be improved while maintaining the area occupied by the extension of the front electrode (light receiving surface). rate.

Each of the second alignment patterns A2A is disposed corresponding to one of the second alignment patterns P2A, and each of the second alignment patterns A2A has a polygonal shape. In this embodiment, the center of the second alignment pattern A2A corresponds to the center of one of the second positioning patterns P2A, and the shape of the second alignment pattern A2A is complementary to the shape of the second positioning pattern P2A, but the present invention does not This is limited. In other embodiments, the second alignment pattern A2A and the second positioning pattern P2A may also adopt an implementation manner as in the embodiment of FIGS. 4A to 4K.

Further, the shape of the second alignment pattern A2A of the embodiment is, for example, the same as the shape of the second positioning pattern P2A, and the length L _A2A and the width W _A2A of the second alignment pattern _A2A and the second positioning pattern. The length L _{P2A of P2A} and the width W _{P2A are the} same. After the second electrode 140a is formed, the second alignment pattern A2A and the second positioning pattern P2A are overlapped, or the center points of the second alignment pattern A2A and the second positioning pattern P2A are respectively searched. The second alignment pattern A2A and the second positioning pattern P2A are substantially completely overlapped, and the connecting portion 122c is a complete rectangular pattern in front view, that is, the first extension portion 124, the second extension portion 142, and the third extension are completed. The overlap of the portion 162.

Since the first alignment pattern A1A, the first positioning pattern P1A, the second alignment pattern A2A, and the second positioning pattern P2A of the embodiment are all polygonal, that is, having sharp corners, therefore, the first pair is When the bit pattern A1A is overlapped with the first positioning pattern P1A and/or the second alignment pattern A2A and the second positioning pattern P2A are overlapped, whether by the aforementioned edge-finding alignment or by the aforementioned center point In the manner of alignment, the embodiment is applied The front electrode 300 of the solar cell in which the first alignment pattern A1A, the first alignment pattern P1A, the second alignment pattern A2A, and the second alignment pattern P2A are aligned may have good alignment accuracy. In this way, by improving the precision of overlapping the first extension portion 124, the second extension portion 142, and the third extension portion 162, defects of the solar cell due to poor alignment can be avoided, and the connection portion 122c can be electrically connected. The current flux in the thickness direction of the extension portion (including the first extension portion 124, the second extension portion 142, and the third extension portion 162) is increased, and the area occupied by the extension portion of the front electrode (light receiving surface) can be maintained. Next, improve the efficiency of solar cells.

In addition, the embodiment can also improve the alignment accuracy by increasing the size of the second alignment pattern A2A and the size of the second positioning pattern P2A. Further, in the screen printing process, the larger the graphics are printed, the more complete the graphics will be. Since the light-shielding second alignment pattern A2A is disposed corresponding to the connection portion 122c, the increase in the size of the second alignment pattern A2A does not additionally mask the proportion of incident light. Therefore, in this embodiment, by increasing the size of the second alignment pattern A2A and the size of the second positioning pattern P2A, for example, the size of the second alignment pattern A2A and the size of the second positioning pattern P2A are several hundred. Between micrometers and several millimeters, the center point of the second alignment pattern A2A and the center point of the second positioning pattern P2A are more accurately found, thereby improving the alignment accuracy.

In addition, in this embodiment, the second positioning pattern P2A can be selectively disposed on opposite sides of the connecting portion 122c to avoid uneven force caused by the height difference when the solar cell module is subsequently soldered. Problems such as poor soldering and fragmentation, which in turn improves the front side of the solar cell The reliability of the solar cell module of the 300.

Although the embodiment is illustrated by the above embodiment, the present invention does not need to define that the shape of the second alignment pattern A2A must be the same as the shape of the second positioning pattern P2A, and the second alignment pattern A2A is not limited. The relative arrangement of the second positioning pattern P2A and the connecting portion 122c. An embodiment of a front electrode of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

6 is a top plan view showing a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 6, the front electrode 400 of the solar cell of the present embodiment has a structure similar to that of the front electrode 300 of the solar cell of FIG. The main difference between the two is that the shape of the first positioning pattern P1N, the shape of the second positioning pattern P2B, the shape of the first alignment pattern A1N, and the shape of the second alignment pattern A2B of the present embodiment are L-shaped. Further, the first positioning pattern P1N and the second-second positioning pattern P2B are located in the middle of the opposite side edges of the connecting portion 122d. In this embodiment, the first alignment pattern A1N is disposed corresponding to one of the first positioning patterns P1N, the second alignment pattern A2B is disposed corresponding to one of the second positioning patterns P2B, and the shape of the first alignment pattern A1N is the first The shape of the positioning pattern P1N is complementary and the same size, and the shapes of the second alignment pattern A2B and the second positioning pattern P2B are complementary and the same size.

Of course, the present invention is not intended to define the shape of the second alignment pattern and the second positioning pattern to be rectangular or L-shaped as described above. In other embodiments, the second alignment pattern and the second positioning pattern may also adopt an implementation manner as shown in FIGS. 4A-4K.

The foregoing embodiment is the first positioning patterns P1A, P1B, P1C, P1D, P1E, P1F, P1G, P1H, P1I, P1J, P1K, P1L, P1M, P1N and the second positioning patterns P2A, P2B and the connecting portions 122a, 122b. The overlap of 122c, 122d is exemplified, but the invention is not limited thereto. Other embodiments of the front electrode of the solar cell of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.

7 is a top plan view showing a first electrode and a second electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 7, the front electrode 500 of the solar cell of the present embodiment has a similar structure to the front electrode 100 of the solar cell of FIG. The main difference between the two is that the first positioning pattern P1P of the embodiment is misaligned with the connecting portion 122e. That is, the first positioning pattern P1P does not overlap with the connecting portion 122e, and the connecting portion 122e is a complete rectangular pattern.

In this embodiment, the first positioning pattern P1P may be formed on the surface S11 of the substrate 110 by screen printing simultaneously with the connecting portion 122e and the first extending portion 124. In other words, the material of the first positioning pattern P1P can be the same as that of the connecting portion 122e and the first extending portion 124. However, this embodiment is not used to define the material of the first positioning pattern P1P or the method of forming the first positioning pattern P1P. On the other hand, the first alignment pattern A1P may be formed on the substrate 110 by screen printing at the same time as the second extension portion 142. In other words, the material of the first alignment pattern A1P can be the same as the material of the second extension portion 142. However, this embodiment is not used to define the material of the first alignment pattern A1P or the formation method of the first alignment pattern A1P.

Further, the shape of the first positioning pattern P1P of the present embodiment is exemplified by a T shape, and the shape of the first alignment pattern A1P is exemplified by a hollow rectangle, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the shape of the first positioning pattern P1P and the shape of the first alignment pattern A1P may be polygons of other shapes, such as the aforementioned diamond, triangle, hexagon, L shape, or a combination thereof. The aligning method of the first locating pattern P1P and the first aligning pattern A1P can respectively find the positioning points (not shown) and the matching points of the first locating pattern P1P and the first aligning pattern A1P (not shown) And using the positioning point to overlap the alignment point to complete the overlapping of the first extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142.

Since the first alignment pattern A1P and the first positioning pattern P1P of the embodiment are all polygonal, that is, having sharp corners, therefore, compared with the alignment pattern and the positioning pattern having a circular or curved shape, In this embodiment, the positioning point and the alignment point can be easily defined to overlap the first extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142, so that the front surface electrode 500 of the solar cell has good alignment accuracy. In this way, by improving the accuracy of the overlapping of the first extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142, it is possible to avoid the defect of the solar cell caused by the alignment failure, and to extend the connection portion electrically connected to the connection portion 122e (including the The current flux of the one extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142 in the thickness direction is increased, and the solar cell efficiency can be improved while maintaining the area occupied by the extension portion of the front surface electrode (light receiving surface).

In addition, the front electrode 500 of the solar cell of the embodiment of FIG. 7 may further include more layers of extensions to further increase the current flux. FIG. 8 is a front electrode of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention; A top view of the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode. Referring to FIG. 8, the front electrode 600 of the solar cell of the present embodiment has a similar structure to the front electrode 500 of the solar cell of FIG. The main difference between the two is that the first electrode (not labeled) of the embodiment further includes a plurality of second positioning patterns P2C, and the front electrode 600 of the solar cell of the embodiment further includes a third electrode 160c, wherein the third electrode 160c A plurality of third extensions 162 and a plurality of second alignment patterns A2C are included. The material, manufacturing method and arrangement of the third extension portion 162 can be referred to the embodiment of FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 and will not be described again.

The second positioning pattern P2C is located on the substrate 110 and is offset from the connecting portion 122e. Each of the first positioning patterns P1P and each of the second positioning patterns P2C are located on opposite sides of the connecting portion 122e, and each second positioning pattern P2C has a polygonal shape. In this embodiment, the shape, the forming method, the material, and the like of the second positioning pattern P2C may be the same as the first positioning pattern P1P, and thus will not be described again.

Since the first alignment pattern A1P, the first alignment pattern P1P, the second alignment pattern A2C, and the second positioning pattern P2C of the embodiment are all polygonal, that is, having sharp corners, therefore, the first pair is When the bit pattern A1P is overlapped with the first positioning pattern P1P and/or the second alignment pattern A2C is overlapped with the second positioning pattern P2C, whether by the aforementioned edge-finding alignment or by the aforementioned center point The alignment method can make the front electrode 600 of the solar cell have good alignment accuracy. In this way, by improving the precision of the overlapping of the first extending portion 124, the second extending portion 142, and the third extending portion 162, the shortage of the solar battery due to the poor positioning can be avoided. The current flowing through the extension portion (including the first extension portion 124, the second extension portion 142, and the third extension portion 162) electrically connected to the connection portion 122e is increased in the thickness direction, thereby maintaining the front electrode The solar cell efficiency is improved under the area occupied by the extension of the (light receiving surface).

In the foregoing embodiment, the first positioning pattern P1A, P1B, P1C, P1D, P1E, P1F, P1G, P1H, P1I, P1J, P1K, P1L, P1M, P1N, P1P or the second positioning pattern P2A is disposed on the substrate 110, P2B and P2C are illustrated as examples, but the invention is not limited thereto. Other embodiments of the front electrode of the solar cell of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10.

9 is a top plan view showing a first electrode and a second electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 9, the front electrode 700 of the solar cell of the present embodiment has a similar structure to the front electrode 500 of the solar cell of FIG. The main difference between the two is that the substrate 100 of the front surface electrode 700 of the solar cell of the present embodiment can be disposed without the first positioning pattern P1P in FIG. 7A. In addition, the first alignment pattern A1Q of the embodiment is correspondingly disposed in the extending direction of one of the first extension portions 142 on the connecting portion 122e.

Specifically, the opposite position A8 of the first alignment pattern A1Q (for example, defined by the definition of FIG. 4G) is located at the middle of the adjacent two second extensions 142, and corresponds to the center point of the connection portion 122e. C1. In the present embodiment, the center point C1 is defined by the intersection of the extending direction of the first extending portion 124 of the edge of the nearest substrate 110 and the center line L of the connecting portion 122e.

In addition, in other embodiments, the center point may have other definitions. 10 is a top plan view showing a first electrode and a second electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 10, the front electrode 800 of the solar cell of the present embodiment has a similar structure to the front electrode 700 of the solar cell of FIG. The main difference between the two is that the center point C2 of the front electrode 800 of the solar cell of the present embodiment is the extending direction of one of the first extending portions 124 of the edge of the nearest substrate 110, the edge of the substrate 110, and the two of the connecting portion 122e. The area A surrounded by the side is defined, and the center of each of the first alignment patterns A1R (ie, the opposite point A9) is correspondingly disposed at the center point C2 of the area A.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 9 and 10, the number of center points C1, C2 and the number of first alignment patterns A1Q, A1R are both exemplified, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the number of center points C1, C2 and the number of first alignment patterns A1Q, A1R corresponding to the center points C1, C2 may be determined according to actual needs. Further, although the shapes of the first alignment patterns A1Q and A1R are illustrated by a cross shape, the present invention does not need to define the shapes of the first alignment patterns A1Q and A1R. In other embodiments, the shape of the first alignment pattern A1Q may be a polygon such as the aforementioned T shape, diamond shape, triangle shape, hexagon shape, or the like.

Since the first alignment patterns A1Q and A1R of the embodiment of FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are all polygons, that is, the first alignment patterns A1Q and A1R have sharp corners, and therefore, the first alignment patterns A1Q and A1R are When superimposing with the center points C1, C2, it is easier to define the opposite points A8, A9, and the opposite points A8, A9 can assist the stack of the first extending portion 124 and the second extending portion 142 In combination, the front electrode 800 of the solar cell has good alignment accuracy. In this way, by improving the accuracy of the overlapping of the first extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142, it is possible to avoid the defect of the solar cell caused by the alignment failure, and to extend the connection portion electrically connected to the connection portion 122e (including the The current flux of the one extension portion 124 and the second extension portion 142 in the thickness direction is increased, and the solar cell efficiency can be improved while maintaining the area occupied by the extension portion of the front surface electrode (light receiving surface).

In addition, the embodiment of FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 can also improve the alignment accuracy by increasing the size of the first alignment patterns A1Q and A1R. Further, in the screen printing process, the larger the graphics are printed, the more complete the graphics will be. Since the first alignment patterns A1Q, A1R of the light shielding are disposed corresponding to the connection portion 122e, the increase in the size of the first alignment patterns A1Q, A1R does not additionally obscure the ratio of the incident light. Therefore, in this embodiment, by increasing the size of the first alignment patterns A1Q, A1R, the size of the first alignment patterns A1Q, A1R is between several hundred micrometers to several millimeters, so as to find the first one more accurately. The alignment points A8 and A9 of the alignment patterns A1Q and A1R further improve the alignment accuracy of the front electrodes 700 and 800 of the solar cell.

The embodiment in which the first positioning pattern is replaced by the center point is exemplified by only two layers of extensions (including the first extension portion and the second extension portion). However, in other embodiments, multiple embodiments may be provided. The two alignment patterns are formed by lamination including the plurality of extension portions to further increase the current flux in the thickness direction of the extension portion electrically connected to the connection portion 122e. In this way, the solar cell efficiency can be improved while maintaining the area occupied by the extension portion of the front electrode (light receiving surface).

In addition, in other embodiments, the superposition of the multi-layer extensions may also be performed by a combination of the aforementioned alignment methods. Specifically, the alignment pattern overlapped with the connection portion, the alignment pattern offset from the connection portion, and at least two of the center points, and the setting of the alignment pattern corresponding to the alignment patterns and/or the center point The lamination of the multi-layer extensions is performed to further increase the current flux in the thickness direction of the extension electrically connected to the connection portion. In this way, the solar cell efficiency can be improved while maintaining the area occupied by the extension portion of the front electrode (light receiving surface).

In summary, the embodiment of the present invention can improve the alignment accuracy of the alignment and overlap of the multi-layer extension by the arrangement of the polygonal alignment pattern and/or the center point and the corresponding positioning pattern having sharp corners. . In this way, the solar cell efficiency can be improved while maintaining the area occupied by the extended portion of the light receiving surface.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800‧‧‧ front electrodes of solar cells

110‧‧‧Substrate

120a, 120b, 120c‧‧‧ first electrode

122a, 122b, 122c, 122d, 122e‧‧‧ Connections

124‧‧‧First Extension

140a, 140b‧‧‧ second electrode

142‧‧‧Second extension

160a‧‧‧third electrode

162‧‧‧ Third Extension

P1A, P1B, P1C, P1D, P1E, P1F, P1G, P1H, P1I, P1J, P1K, P1L, P1M, P1N, P1P‧‧‧ first positioning pattern

A1A, A1B, A1C, A1D, A1E, A1F, A1G, A1H, A1I, A1J, A1K, A1L, A1M, A1N, A1P, A1Q, A1R‧‧‧ first alignment pattern

P2A, P2B, P2C‧‧‧ second positioning pattern

A2A, A2B, A2C‧‧‧ second alignment pattern

A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9‧‧‧

C1, C2‧‧‧ center point

P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7‧‧‧ anchor points

L‧‧‧ center line

X‧‧‧ first direction

Y‧‧‧second direction

Z‧‧‧ Thickness direction

H _P1A , H _122a ‧‧‧ thickness

L _124a , L _124b , L _142a , L _142b , L _162a , L _162b , L _A1A , L _P1A , L _A2A , L _P2A ‧‧‧ length

W ₁₂₄ , W ₁₄₂ , W _A1A , W _P1A , W _A2A , W _P2A ‧‧‧Width

A‧‧‧ area

1A and 1B are schematic diagrams showing a manufacturing process of a front electrode of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a top plan view of the first electrode and the second electrode of FIG. 1.

3 is a top plan view showing a first electrode and a second electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.

4A-4K are schematic diagrams showing a first alignment pattern and a first positioning pattern according to other embodiments of the present invention.

5 is a top plan view showing a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a top plan view showing a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a top plan view showing a first electrode and a second electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the invention.

8 is a top plan view showing a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a top plan view showing a first electrode and a second electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a top plan view showing a first electrode and a second electrode of a front electrode of a solar cell according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

100‧‧‧front electrode of solar cell

110‧‧‧Substrate

120a‧‧‧first electrode

122a‧‧‧Connecting Department

124‧‧‧First Extension

140a‧‧‧second electrode

142‧‧‧Second extension

P1A‧‧‧first positioning pattern

A1A‧‧‧ first alignment pattern

X‧‧‧ first direction

Y‧‧‧second direction

Z‧‧‧ Thickness direction

H _P1A , H _122a , H _A1A ‧‧‧ thickness

L _124a , L _124b , L _142a , L _142b , L _A1A , L _P1A ‧‧‧ length

W ₁₂₄ , W ₁₄₂ , W _A1A , W _P1A ‧‧‧Width

Claims (18)

A method for manufacturing a front electrode of a solar cell, comprising: forming a first electrode on a substrate, the first electrode comprising: at least one connecting portion across the substrate; and a plurality of first extending portions parallel to each other and The connecting portion is connected and extends from the connecting portion to both sides of the connecting portion; a plurality of first positioning patterns are overlapped or misaligned with the connecting portion, each of the first positioning patterns is polygonal in shape; and formed on the substrate a second electrode, the second electrode includes: a plurality of second extending portions, overlapping the first extending portions, wherein the first extending portion is located between the second extending portion and the substrate; The alignment patterns respectively correspond to one of the first positioning patterns, and each of the first alignment patterns is a polygon. The method of manufacturing a front electrode of a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein a center of each of the first positioning patterns corresponds to a center of one of the first alignment patterns. The method of manufacturing the front electrode of the solar cell of claim 1, wherein the first positioning patterns are disposed on opposite sides of the connecting portion when the first positioning patterns overlap the connecting portion. And each of the first positioning patterns is a hollow pattern. The method of manufacturing a front surface electrode of a solar cell according to claim 3, wherein an orthographic projection of each of the first positioning patterns on the substrate overlaps an orthographic projection of each of the hollow patterns on the substrate. The front side of the solar cell as described in claim 3 In a method of manufacturing a pole, each of the first positioning patterns surrounds one of the first alignment patterns, and a shape of each of the first alignment patterns is different from a shape of each of the first positioning patterns. The method of manufacturing a front electrode of a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein when the first positioning patterns are misaligned with the connecting portion, the first positioning patterns are respectively located at corners of the substrate, and each of the The shape of the first alignment pattern is different from the shape of each of the first positioning patterns. The method of manufacturing the front electrode of the solar cell of claim 1, wherein the first electrode further comprises a plurality of second positioning patterns, the second positioning patterns being overlapped or misaligned with the connecting portion, each of the The method for manufacturing the front surface electrode of the solar cell further includes: forming a third electrode on the substrate, the third electrode comprising: a plurality of third extending portions, and the first extensions a second portion, wherein the second extending portion is located between the first extending portion and the third extending portion; and a plurality of second alignment patterns respectively corresponding to one of the second positioning patterns, and each of the second portions The shape of the alignment pattern is a polygon. The method of manufacturing a front electrode of a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the method of forming the first electrode and the second electrode comprises screen printing. A method for manufacturing a front electrode of a solar cell, comprising: forming a first electrode on a substrate, the first electrode comprising: at least one connecting portion, traversing the substrate; a plurality of first extending portions parallel to and connected to the connecting portion and extending from the connecting portion to both sides of the connecting portion; and forming a second electrode on the substrate, the second electrode comprising: a plurality of The second extending portion is overlapped with the first extending portion, wherein the first extending portion is located between the second extending portion and the substrate; and the plurality of first alignment patterns each having the shape of the first alignment pattern a polygon, wherein each of the first alignment patterns is disposed in an extending direction of one of the first extending portions on the connecting portion, or is disposed in an extending direction of one of the first extending portions adjacent to an edge of the substrate The edge of the substrate and the area enclosed by the two sides of the connecting portion, when the first alignment pattern is disposed in the region, the center of the first alignment pattern is correspondingly disposed at a center point of the region. The method of manufacturing a front electrode of a solar cell according to claim 9, wherein the method of forming the first electrode and the second electrode comprises screen printing. A front electrode of a solar cell, comprising: a substrate; a first electrode comprising: at least one connecting portion across the substrate; a plurality of first extending portions parallel to and connected to the connecting portion, and from the connecting portion And extending to the two sides of the connecting portion; the plurality of first positioning patterns are overlapped or misaligned with the connecting portion, each of the first positioning patterns is polygonal in shape; and a second electrode comprises: a plurality of second extending portions are overlapped with the first extending portions, wherein the first extending portion is located between the second extending portion and the substrate; and the plurality of first alignment patterns respectively correspond to one of the first portions The positioning pattern is set, and each of the first alignment patterns is a polygon. The front electrode of the solar cell of claim 11, wherein a center of each of the first positioning patterns corresponds to a center of one of the first alignment patterns. The front surface of the solar cell of claim 11, wherein when the first positioning patterns overlap the connecting portion, the first positioning patterns are correspondingly disposed on opposite sides of the connecting portion, and each The first positioning pattern is a hollow pattern. The front side electrode of the solar cell of claim 13, wherein the orthographic projection of each of the first positioning patterns on the substrate overlaps an orthographic projection of each of the hollow patterns on the substrate. The front surface electrode of the solar cell of claim 13, wherein each of the first positioning patterns surrounds one of the first alignment patterns, and each of the first alignment patterns has a shape different from each of the first positioning patterns. The shape of the pattern. The front surface of the solar cell of claim 11, wherein when the first positioning patterns are misaligned with the connecting portion, the first positioning patterns are respectively located at corners of the substrate, and each of the first pair The shape of the bit pattern is different from the shape of each of the first positioning patterns. The front electrode of the solar cell of claim 11, wherein the first electrode further comprises a plurality of second positioning patterns, the The second positioning pattern is overlapped or misaligned with the connecting portion, and the shape of each of the second positioning patterns is a polygon, and the front electrode of the solar cell further includes: a third electrode, including: a plurality of third extending portions, and the plurality of An extension portion is stacked, wherein the second extension portion is located between the first extension portion and the third extension portion; and a plurality of second alignment patterns respectively corresponding to one of the second positioning patterns, and each of the The shape of the second alignment pattern is a polygon. A front electrode of a solar cell, comprising: a substrate; a first electrode comprising: at least one connecting portion across the substrate; a plurality of first extending portions parallel to and connected to the connecting portion, and from the connecting portion And extending to the two sides of the connecting portion; and a second electrode, comprising: a plurality of second extending portions, overlapping the first extending portions, wherein the first extending portion is located at the second extending portion and the substrate a plurality of first alignment patterns, each of the first alignment patterns being polygonal in shape, wherein each of the first alignment patterns is disposed on an extension direction of one of the first extensions on the connecting portion, or Provided in an extending direction of one of the first extending portions adjacent to an edge of the substrate, an edge of the substrate, and an area enclosed by both sides of the connecting portion, when the first alignment pattern is disposed in the region The center of the first alignment pattern is correspondingly disposed at a center point of the region.