TWI454193B - Signal transmission apparatus - Google Patents
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- TWI454193B TWI454193B TW098127778A TW98127778A TWI454193B TW I454193 B TWI454193 B TW I454193B TW 098127778 A TW098127778 A TW 098127778A TW 98127778 A TW98127778 A TW 98127778A TW I454193 B TWI454193 B TW I454193B
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Description
本發明係關於一種訊號傳輸裝置。 The present invention relates to a signal transmission device.
隨著無線傳輸技術在通訊、網路等領域的應用，電子產品之間的資料傳輸逐漸擺脫了連接線纜的束縛，無線傳輸設備以其高傳輸速率、高移動性等優點佔據了市場優勢。無線傳輸技術是將訊號發射端的傳輸訊號用高頻電流進行調製，形成射頻訊號(高頻電磁波)，射頻訊號可在空氣中傳播而到達訊號接收端，訊號接收端透過對射頻訊號進行反調製將其還原成訊號源的傳輸訊號，即實現了訊號發射端與訊號接收端的無線傳輸，故，訊號終端(訊號接收端與訊號發射端)的射頻傳輸路徑的設計在很大程度上影響著無線傳輸設備的工作效率，特別是對傳輸路徑中的低通濾波器的設計，成為無線傳輸設備是否具有高傳輸品質以及低成本的關鍵。 With the application of wireless transmission technology in the fields of communication and network, the data transmission between electronic products has gradually got rid of the constraint of connecting cables. Wireless transmission equipment has occupied the market advantage with its advantages of high transmission rate and high mobility. The wireless transmission technology modulates the transmission signal of the signal transmitting end with a high-frequency current to form an RF signal (high-frequency electromagnetic wave). The RF signal can be transmitted in the air to reach the signal receiving end, and the signal receiving end can inversely modulate the RF signal. The transmission of the signal to the signal source, that is, the wireless transmission of the signal transmitting end and the signal receiving end, the design of the RF transmission path of the signal terminal (signal receiving end and signal transmitting end) largely affects the wireless transmission. The efficiency of the device, especially the design of the low-pass filter in the transmission path, becomes the key to whether the wireless transmission device has high transmission quality and low cost.
鑒於前述內容，有必要提供一種訊號傳輸裝置，可使無線傳輸設備具有較高的訊號傳輸品質以及較低的成本。 In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to provide a signal transmission device that enables a wireless transmission device to have higher signal transmission quality and lower cost.
一種訊號傳輸裝置，包括一訊號層及一接地層，該訊號層與該接地層之間具有一介質層，該訊號層上具有一差分對，該差分對包括一第一傳輸線及一第二傳輸線，該第一、第二傳輸線並排佈設 於該訊號層上，該差分對包括複數分段組，每一分段組包括設於該第一傳輸線上的一分段及設於該第二傳輸線上的一分段，每一分段組的兩個分段結構相同，每兩相鄰分段組分別等效為一電容組件及一電感組件，其中每一等效為電容組件的分段組中的兩分 段的線長根據公式來對應確定，每一等效為電感 組件的分段組中的兩分段的線長根據公式來對應確定 ，其中，C為每一分段組所對應的電容組件的電容值，L為每一分段組所對應的電感組件的電感值，Z0為在該對應的頻寬下每一分段組的一特定的特性阻抗，f為該差分對傳輸訊號的截止頻率，λ g 為在該截止頻率下的訊號的波長，l為對應分段組中的每一分段的線長，f及λ g 的值為定值，每一分段組中的每一分段具有一線寬，該第一、第二傳輸線之間具有一最小間距，使得該差分對具有一對應的頻寬，該第一、第二傳輸線之間的最小間距是在該第一、第二傳輸線的結構不變的情況下，每一等效為電容組件的分段組中的兩分段之間的間距，透過調整每一分段組中的兩分段的線寬以及該第一、第二傳輸線之間的最小間距，可將對應的分段組的特性阻抗調整為其特定的特性阻抗，以使該差分對達到該對應的頻寬。 A signal transmission device includes a signal layer and a ground layer. The signal layer and the ground layer have a dielectric layer. The signal layer has a differential pair. The differential pair includes a first transmission line and a second transmission line. The first and second transmission lines are arranged side by side on the signal layer, the differential pair includes a plurality of segment groups, each segment group includes a segment disposed on the first transmission line and disposed on the second transmission line One segment of each segment group has the same structure of two segments, and each two adjacent segment groups are equivalent to a capacitor component and an inductor component, respectively, each of which is equivalent to a segment group of the capacitor component The length of the two segments is based on the formula Correspondingly, the line length of each of the two segments in the segmentation group equivalent to the inductance component is determined according to the formula Correspondingly, wherein C is the capacitance value of the capacitor component corresponding to each segment group, L is the inductance value of the inductance component corresponding to each segment group, and Z 0 is each at the corresponding bandwidth a specific characteristic impedance of the segment group, f is the cutoff frequency of the differential pair transmission signal, λ g is the wavelength of the signal at the cutoff frequency, and l is the line length of each segment in the corresponding segment group. The values of f and λ g are fixed values, each segment in each segment group has a line width, and the first and second transmission lines have a minimum spacing, so that the differential pair has a corresponding bandwidth. The minimum spacing between the first and second transmission lines is such that, in the case where the structures of the first and second transmission lines are unchanged, each equivalent is the spacing between two segments in the segment group of the capacitive component, By adjusting the line width of the two segments in each segment group and the minimum spacing between the first and second transmission lines, the characteristic impedance of the corresponding segment group can be adjusted to its specific characteristic impedance, so that the The differential pair reaches the corresponding bandwidth.
前述訊號傳輸裝置透過在該差分對上設置複數分段組，並透過設定每一分段組中的兩分段的線寬及第一、第二傳輸線之間的最小間距，使該差分對達到所需的頻寬，從而實現了高速訊號的傳輸 ，為無線傳輸設備提供了較好的射頻傳輸路徑，且無需增加額外組件，成本較低。 The signal transmission device transmits the differential pair by setting a plurality of segment groups on the differential pair and setting a line width of two segments in each segment group and a minimum spacing between the first and second transmission lines. The required bandwidth to achieve high-speed signal transmission It provides a better RF transmission path for wireless transmission equipment without additional components and low cost.
1‧‧‧訊號傳輸裝置 1‧‧‧Signal transmission device
30‧‧‧接地層 30‧‧‧ Grounding layer
10‧‧‧差分對 10‧‧‧Differential pair
Z1-Z13‧‧‧分段 Z1-Z13‧‧‧
C1-C7‧‧‧電容組件 C1-C7‧‧‧ Capacitor Assembly
20‧‧‧訊號層 20‧‧‧Signal layer
40‧‧‧介質層 40‧‧‧ dielectric layer
11、12‧‧‧傳輸線 11, 12‧‧‧ transmission line
30‧‧‧等效電路 30‧‧‧ equivalent circuit
L1-L6‧‧‧電感組件 L1-L6‧‧‧Inductance components
圖1為本發明訊號傳輸裝置較佳實施例的結構示意圖。 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of a signal transmission apparatus according to the present invention.
圖2為圖1中的差分對的等效電路圖。 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the differential pair of FIG. 1.
圖3是在改變電容性分段組的分段的線寬時，分別對圖1中的訊號傳輸裝置的差模輸入損耗進行仿真的波形圖。 FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram for simulating the differential mode input loss of the signal transmission device of FIG. 1 when the line width of the segment of the capacitive segment group is changed.
圖4是在改變電感性分段組的分段的線寬時，分別對圖1中的訊號傳輸裝置的差模輸入損耗進行仿真的波形圖。 4 is a waveform diagram for simulating the differential mode input loss of the signal transmission device of FIG. 1 when changing the line width of the segment of the inductive segment group.
圖5是在差分對的兩傳輸線之間具有不同的最小間距時，分別對圖1中的訊號傳輸裝置的差模輸入損耗進行仿真的波形圖。 FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram for simulating the differential mode input loss of the signal transmission device of FIG. 1 when there are different minimum spacings between the two transmission lines of the differential pair.
下面結合附圖及較佳實施例對本發明作進一步詳細描述。 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
請一併參閱圖1及圖2，本發明訊號傳輸裝置1的較佳實施例包括一訊號層20及一接地層30，該訊號層20上佈設有一差分對10，該差分對10包括兩條傳輸線11及12，該傳輸線11、12並排佈設於該訊號層20上，該訊號層20及接地層30之間具有一介質層40，該介質層40由玻璃纖維環氧化樹脂(FR4)材料組成。 Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a preferred embodiment of the signal transmission device 1 of the present invention includes a signal layer 20 and a ground layer 30. The signal layer 20 is provided with a differential pair 10, and the differential pair 10 includes two The transmission lines 11 and 12 are arranged side by side on the signal layer 20. The signal layer 20 and the ground layer 30 have a dielectric layer 40. The dielectric layer 40 is composed of a glass fiber epoxidized resin (FR4) material. .
該差分對10包括複數分段組，該等分段組設於該差分對10的訊號輸入端與訊號輸出端之間，每一分段組中包括對稱設於該傳輸線11的一分段及該傳輸線12上的一分段，每一分段組中的兩分段的尺寸及形狀相同。 The differential pair 10 includes a plurality of segment groups disposed between the signal input end of the differential pair 10 and the signal output end, and each segment group includes a segment symmetrically disposed on the transmission line 11 and A segment on the transmission line 12, the two segments in each segment group are the same size and shape.
根據傳輸線的電氣特性，當傳輸線的線寬足夠窄時，其具有電感的特性；當傳輸線的線寬足夠寬時，其具有電容的特性。每一傳輸線11、12上的每相鄰兩分段的線寬不同，且該差分對10的每相鄰兩個分段組可分別等效為一電容及一電感，故，該差分對10即可等效為一低通濾波器。該差分對10的分段組的數量由設計的低通濾波器的規格需求決定，本實施例中，該傳輸線11及12均包括十三個分段Z1-Z13，該傳輸線11及12上的分段Z1-Z7分別組成第一至第七分段組，該傳輸線11及12上的分段Z8-Z13分別組成第八至第九分段組，且每一分段Z1-Z7具有電容的特性，每一分段Z8-Z13具有電感的特性，故，該差分對10包括分別等效為一電容組件的七個分段組及分別等效為一電感組件的六個分段組。 According to the electrical characteristics of the transmission line, when the line width of the transmission line is sufficiently narrow, it has an inductance characteristic; when the line width of the transmission line is sufficiently wide, it has a characteristic of capacitance. The line width of each adjacent two segments on each of the transmission lines 11 and 12 is different, and each adjacent two segment groups of the differential pair 10 can be equivalent to a capacitor and an inductor, respectively, so the differential pair 10 It can be equivalent to a low pass filter. The number of segment groups of the differential pair 10 is determined by the specification requirements of the designed low-pass filter. In this embodiment, the transmission lines 11 and 12 each include thirteen segments Z1-Z13 on the transmission lines 11 and 12. Segments Z1-Z7 form a first to seventh segment group, respectively, segments Z8-Z13 on the transmission lines 11 and 12 respectively constitute an eighth to ninth segment group, and each segment Z1-Z7 has a capacitance Characteristic, each segment Z8-Z13 has an inductance characteristic. Therefore, the differential pair 10 includes seven segment groups respectively equivalent to one capacitor component and six segment groups respectively equivalent to one inductor component.
請一併參閱圖2，每一分段組中的兩分段的線長是由該低通濾波器的一原型，即其等效電路30決定的。本實施例中，該低通濾波器的等效電路30包括互相連接的七個電容組件C1-C7及六個電感組件L1-L6。該第一至第七分段組分別等效為該電容組件C1-C7，該第八至第十三分段組分別等效為該電感組件L1-L6，其中，該第一至第七分段組中的每一分段Z1-Z7的線長根據公式 來對應確定，該第八至第十三分段組中的每一分 段Z8-Z13的線長根據公式來對應確定，其中，C為該第 一至第七分段組所對應等效的電容組件C1-C7的電容值，L為該第八至第十三分段組所對應等效的電感組件L1-L6的電感值，Z 0為在該差分對10所要求的頻寬下，對應分段組的特定的特性阻抗 ，f為該差分對10傳輸訊號的截止頻率，λ g 為在該截止頻率下的訊號的波長，l為對應分段組中的每一分段的線長，其中，f及λ g 的值為定值，故，可根據該電容組件C1-C7的電容值C來對應確定該第一至第七分段組中的每一分段Z1-Z7的線長，以及根據該電感組件L1-L6的電感值L來對應確定該第八至第十三分段組中的每一分段Z8-Z13的線長。 Referring to FIG. 2 together, the line length of the two segments in each segment group is determined by a prototype of the low pass filter, that is, its equivalent circuit 30. In this embodiment, the equivalent circuit 30 of the low pass filter includes seven capacitive components C1-C7 and six inductance components L1-L6 connected to each other. The first to seventh segment groups are respectively equivalent to the capacitor components C1-C7, and the eighth to thirteenth segment groups are respectively equivalent to the inductance components L1-L6, wherein the first to seventh segments are respectively The line length of each segment Z1-Z7 in the segment group according to the formula Correspondingly, the line length of each segment Z8-Z13 in the eighth to thirteenth segment groups is determined according to the formula Correspondingly, wherein C is the capacitance value of the equivalent capacitance components C1-C7 corresponding to the first to seventh segment groups, and L is the equivalent inductance component corresponding to the eighth to thirteenth segment groups. The inductance value of L1-L6, Z 0 is the specific characteristic impedance of the corresponding segment group under the bandwidth required by the differential pair 10, f is the cutoff frequency of the differential signal of the differential pair 10, and λ g is at the cutoff The wavelength of the signal at the frequency, l is the line length of each segment in the corresponding segment group, wherein the values of f and λ g are fixed values, so the capacitance value C of the capacitance component C1-C7 can be used. Corresponding to determining a line length of each of the first to seventh segment groups Z1 and Z7, and correspondingly determining the eighth to thirteenth segment groups according to the inductance value L of the inductance components L1 - L6 The line length of each segment Z8-Z13.
透過調整該傳輸線11、12之間的最小間距(在不改變該傳輸線11、12的線寬，即不改變該傳輸線11、12的結構的情況下，每一第一至第七分段組中的兩分段的間距)，或一併調整每一分段Z1-Z7的線寬，或一併調整每一分段Z8-Z13的線寬，並借助仿真軟體的仿真，可達到第一至第十三分段組分別具有其特定的特性阻抗Z 0的要求，故，可達到該差分對10對於頻寬的要求，以實現高速訊號的傳輸。本實施例中，該傳輸線11、12之間的最小間距的調整可透過平移該傳輸線11或12來實現。 By adjusting the minimum spacing between the transmission lines 11, 12 (without changing the line width of the transmission lines 11, 12, ie without changing the structure of the transmission lines 11, 12, in each of the first to seventh segment groups) The spacing of the two segments), or adjust the line width of each segment Z1-Z7, or adjust the line width of each segment Z8-Z13, and with the simulation of the simulation software, the first to The thirteenth segment group has its specific characteristic impedance Z 0 requirement, so that the bandwidth pair requirement of the differential pair 10 can be achieved to realize high-speed signal transmission. In this embodiment, the adjustment of the minimum spacing between the transmission lines 11, 12 can be achieved by translating the transmission line 11 or 12.
請一併參閱圖3，曲線3a表示當該傳輸線11、12之間的最小間距為50密爾，該第一至第七分段組中的分段Z1-Z7的線寬分別為99.73密爾，該第八至第十三分段組中的分段Z8-Z13的線寬分別為9.324密爾時該差分對10的差模輸入損耗的仿真曲線，此時該差分對10在-3dB的頻寬為3.06GHZ。如曲線3b及3c所示，當將每一分段Z1-Z7的線寬調整為103.73或107.73密爾時，該差分對10在-3dB的頻寬均有所改變，且根據曲線3c可知，當每一分段Z1-Z7的線寬為107.73密爾時，該差分對10在-3dB的頻寬可達到所要求的3GHZ，故，透過調整每一分段Z1-Z7的線寬可使該差分 對10達到所要求的頻寬。由圖3可知，調整每一分段Z1-Z7的線寬可一併調整該差分對10的頻率響應，其中，當該差分對10的差模輸入損耗的仿真波形在-3dB以下的斜率愈大，說明該差分對10具有愈好的頻率響應特性。 Referring to FIG. 3 together, curve 3a indicates that when the minimum spacing between the transmission lines 11, 12 is 50 mils, the line widths of the segments Z1-Z7 in the first to seventh segment groups are 99.73 mils, respectively. The line widths of the segments Z8-Z13 in the eighth to thirteenth segment groups are simulation curves of the differential mode input loss of the differential pair 10 at 9.324 mils, respectively, and the differential pair 10 is at -3 dB. The bandwidth is 3.06 GHZ. As shown by curves 3b and 3c, when the line width of each segment Z1-Z7 is adjusted to 103.73 or 107.73 mils, the difference pair 10 has a change in the bandwidth of -3 dB, and according to the curve 3c, When the line width of each segment Z1-Z7 is 107.73 mils, the differential pair 10 can achieve the required 3 GHz at a bandwidth of -3 dB, so that by adjusting the line width of each segment Z1-Z7, The difference The required bandwidth is achieved for 10. As can be seen from FIG. 3, adjusting the line width of each segment Z1-Z7 can adjust the frequency response of the differential pair 10, wherein the slope of the differential mode input loss of the differential pair 10 is less than -3 dB. Large, indicating that the differential pair 10 has better frequency response characteristics.
請一併參閱圖4，曲線4a表示當每一分段Z8-Z13的線寬分別為107.73密爾，每一分段Z8-Z13的線寬分別為15.324密爾時該差分對10的差模輸入損耗的仿真曲線，此時該差分對10在-3dB的頻寬為3.19GHZ，曲線4b、4c分別表示將每一分段Z8-Z13的線寬分別縮減為12.324密爾、9.324密爾時該差分對10的差模輸入損耗的仿真結果，根據曲線4c可知，當將每一分段Z8-Z13的線寬分別調整為9.324密爾時，該差分對10在-3dB的頻寬可達到3GHZ，故，透過調整每一分段Z8-Z13的線寬亦可使該差分對10達到所要求的頻寬。且由圖4可知，調整每一分段Z8-Z13的線寬亦可一併調整該差分對10的頻率響應。 Referring to FIG. 4 together, curve 4a indicates that the line width of each segment Z8-Z13 is 107.73 mils, and the line width of each segment Z8-Z13 is 15.324 mils, respectively. The simulation curve of the input loss, at this time, the differential pair 10 has a bandwidth of 3.19 GHz at -3 dB, and curves 4b and 4c respectively indicate that the line width of each segment Z8-Z13 is reduced to 12.324 mils and 9.324 mils, respectively. According to the simulation result of the differential mode input loss of the differential pair 10, according to the curve 4c, when the line width of each segment Z8-Z13 is adjusted to 9.324 mils respectively, the differential pair 10 can reach a bandwidth of -3 dB. 3GHZ, therefore, by adjusting the line width of each segment Z8-Z13, the differential pair 10 can also reach the required bandwidth. As can be seen from FIG. 4, adjusting the line width of each segment Z8-Z13 can also adjust the frequency response of the differential pair 10.
透過對比圖3及圖4可知，調整分段Z8-Z13的線寬比調整分段Z1-Z7的線寬對於該差分對10的頻率響應的調整更為有效，即，該差分對10的頻率響應對分段Z1-Z7的線寬的改變更為敏感。 By comparing FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, it can be seen that adjusting the line width of the segment Z8-Z13 to adjust the line width of the segments Z1-Z7 is more effective for adjusting the frequency response of the differential pair 10, that is, the frequency of the differential pair 10. The response is more sensitive to changes in the line width of segments Z1-Z7.
請一併參閱圖5，曲線5a表示當每一分段Z1-Z7的線寬分別為107.73密爾，每一分段Z8-Z13的線寬分別為9.324密爾，且該傳輸線11、12之間的最小間距為10密爾時該差分對10的差模輸入損耗的仿真曲線，此時該差分對10在-3dB的頻寬為2.88GHZ，曲線5b、5c分別表示將該最小間距調整為30密爾及50密爾時該差分對10的仿真結果，根據曲線5c可知，當將該最小間距調整為50密爾時，該差分對10在-3dB的頻寬可達到3GHZ，故，透過調整該最小 間距亦可使該差分對10達到所要求的頻寬。且由圖5可知，該最小間距愈小，該差分對10具有愈好的頻率響應特性。 Referring to FIG. 5 together, curve 5a indicates that the line width of each segment Z1-Z7 is 107.73 mils, and the line width of each segment Z8-Z13 is 9.324 mils, respectively, and the transmission lines 11, 12 The minimum spacing between the minimum spacing is 10 mils. The differential mode input loss of the differential pair is simulated. At this time, the differential pair 10 has a bandwidth of -2.88 GHz at -3 dB, and the curves 5b and 5c respectively indicate that the minimum spacing is adjusted to The simulation result of the differential pair 10 at 30 mils and 50 mils, according to the curve 5c, when the minimum pitch is adjusted to 50 mils, the differential pair 10 can reach 3 GHz at a bandwidth of -3 dB, so Adjust the minimum The spacing also allows the differential pair 10 to reach the desired bandwidth. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the smaller the minimum spacing, the better the frequency response characteristic of the differential pair 10.
故，借助仿真軟體的仿真，適當調整該傳輸線11、12之間的最小間距、每一分段Z1-Z7的線寬或每一分段Z8-Z13的線寬，可使該差分對10達到要求的頻寬，且具有較好的頻率響應特性，以使該訊號傳輸裝置1具有較好的訊號傳輸品質，另，改變該差分對10的分段組的數量亦可達到調整其頻率響應特性的效果。 Therefore, by means of the simulation of the simulation software, the minimum spacing between the transmission lines 11, 12, the line width of each segment Z1-Z7 or the line width of each segment Z8-Z13 can be appropriately adjusted, so that the differential pair 10 can be reached. The required bandwidth has better frequency response characteristics, so that the signal transmission device 1 has better signal transmission quality, and the number of segment groups of the differential pair 10 can also be adjusted to adjust the frequency response characteristic. Effect.
該訊號傳輸裝置1可用於無線傳輸設備，如無線網卡、(無線)訪問接入點(Access Point，AP)等，以為無線傳輸設備提供較好的訊號傳輸品質，當該訊號傳輸裝置1用於有線傳輸設備中時，亦可提高有線傳輸設備的訊號傳輸品質。 The signal transmission device 1 can be used for a wireless transmission device, such as a wireless network card, a (wireless) access point (AP), etc., to provide better signal transmission quality for the wireless transmission device, when the signal transmission device 1 is used for When the cable transmission device is used, the signal transmission quality of the cable transmission device can also be improved.
綜上所述，本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，舉凡熟悉本案技藝之人士，在爰依本發明精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍內。 In summary, the present invention complies with the requirements of the invention patent and submits a patent application according to law. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art will be included in the following claims.
1‧‧‧訊號傳輸裝置 1‧‧‧Signal transmission device
30‧‧‧接地層 30‧‧‧ Grounding layer
10‧‧‧差分對 10‧‧‧Differential pair
Z1-Z13‧‧‧分段 Z1-Z13‧‧‧
20‧‧‧訊號層 20‧‧‧Signal layer
40‧‧‧介質層 40‧‧‧ dielectric layer
11、12‧‧‧傳輸線 11, 12‧‧‧ transmission line
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| TW200614897A (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2006-05-01 | Via Tech Inc | Circuit structure |
| CN101499551A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-05 | 台湾积体电路制造股份有限公司 | Transmitting radio frequency signal in semiconductor structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TW200614897A (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2006-05-01 | Via Tech Inc | Circuit structure |
| CN101499551A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-05 | 台湾积体电路制造股份有限公司 | Transmitting radio frequency signal in semiconductor structure |
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