TWI311465B - Use of neuronal sodium channel antagonists for the control of ectoparasites in homeothermic animals - Google Patents
Use of neuronal sodium channel antagonists for the control of ectoparasites in homeothermic animals Download PDFInfo
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- TWI311465B TWI311465B TW092129004A TW92129004A TWI311465B TW I311465 B TWI311465 B TW I311465B TW 092129004 A TW092129004 A TW 092129004A TW 92129004 A TW92129004 A TW 92129004A TW I311465 B TWI311465 B TW I311465B
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- sodium channel
- neuronal sodium
- group
- warm
- ectoparasite
- Prior art date
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- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005473 octanoic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003986 organophosphate insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000590 parasiticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000490 permethrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N permethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 RLLPVAHGXHCWKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940068196 placebo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000902 placebo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyriproxyfen Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1OC(C)COC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AFJYYKSVHJGXSN-KAJWKRCWSA-N selamectin Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C(/C)=C/C[C@@H](O[C@]2(O[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC2)C2CCCCC2)C2)C[C@@H]2OC(=O)[C@@H]([C@]23O)C=C(C)C(=N\O)/[C@H]3OC\C2=C/C=C/[C@@H]1C AFJYYKSVHJGXSN-KAJWKRCWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002245 selamectin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CJDWRQLODFKPEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N teflubenzuron Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=CC(Cl)=C(F)C(Cl)=C1F CJDWRQLODFKPEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002255 vaccination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
- A61K31/5395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines having two or more nitrogen atoms in the same ring, e.g. oxadiazines
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- A61K31/17—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having the group >N—C(O)—N< or >N—C(S)—N<, e.g. urea, thiourea, carmustine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/34—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the groups, e.g. biuret; Thio analogues thereof; Urea-aldehyde condensation products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P33/14—Ectoparasiticides, e.g. scabicides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
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- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
I 1311465 _ 玖、發明說明: . 【發明所屬技術領域】 本發明包含一種於溫血動物中預防' 己夂善或控制外气:牛 蟲感染或寄生之方法’其包含給與需要之溫血動物一種預 防上、治療上或醫藥上有效量之神經元鈉通道拮抗劑。本 發明另包含醫藥上容許載劑及殺外寄生蟲上有效量之神,經 元鈉通道拮抗劑。 【先前技術】 實際上所有商業上大量生產動物及伴侶動物皆會受到外· 寄生蟲感染,常常造成不利動物之臨床疾病及次臨床症狀。 昆蟲如蝨目(Phthiraptera)(蝨子)及雙翅目(Diptera)(蒼 蠅)’爲影響動物生產之最具經濟上重要性之外寄生蟲,昆 蟲如蚤目(Siphonaptera)(跳蚤)爲伴侶動物之害蟲,在蜱 蟎目之壁蝨及蟎爲對生產及伴侶動物兩者之嚴重害蟲。外寄 生蟲感染及寄生嚴重影響飼養生產動物之經濟,亦爲主要 擔憂伴侶動物之來源。而不斷地尋求在溫血動物中預防、 治療及控治外寄生蟲之新經濟方法及組成物。 ® 【發明內容】 本發明之方法及組成物中使用之神經元鈉通道拮抗劑較 佳爲式卜丨丨或| | I化合物 1311465
P
(I
其中A爲CR4R5或NR6 ; W爲Ο或S ; X、Y、Z、X’、Y1 及 Ζ·各自獨立爲 H;鹵素;OH; CN; N02; υ6烷基(其可選擇經一或多個鹵素、υ3烷氧基、(^_03 鹵烷氧基、c3_c6環烷基、c2.c6烯氧基或磺醯氧基取代); 烷氧基(其可選擇經一或多個鹵素、(^.(:3烷氧基或 C3.c6環烷基取代)iCVCe烷氧羰基、〇3丄6環烷羰基氧基、 苯基(可選擇經一或多個鹵素、Cl.C4烷基或氧基取 代);胺基羰基氧基(可選擇經一或多個CiCs烷基取代); C,_C6院氧基端基氧基;C*)_C6院基擴釀氧基;C2_C6儲基; 或 N R,2 R 1 3, m、p及q各自獨立爲1、2、3、4或5之整數; η爲0、1或2之整數; 1311465 r爲1或2之整數; t爲1、2、3或4之整數; R、R,、R2、R3、R4&R5各自獨立爲Η或CrC4烷基; 、C ·! . C 6 、-。6烷 鹵烷硫 羰基氧 d 1 - C 6 院 、C ·! — C 6 氧基、 【1 6、苯 CN ; 一或多 ,C 3 _ C 6 R6爲H、烷基、CVC6鹵烷基、CVC6烷氧基烷基 院氧基、Ci_Ce鹵院氧基、C2-C6懦基、C2-C6诀基、( 基簾基、〇·ι_(36院氧基類基、院硫基、或 基; R7&R8各自獨立爲H;鹵素;CVCe烷基;CVC6烷基 基;或苯基,可選擇經一或多個鹵素、CN、N〇2、( 基、0·|_(36鹵院基、0·|.06;^氧基或0·!.06鹵院氧基取竹 1^9及1。各自獨立爲HSCVh烷基; R”爲H、CVC6烷基、CVC6鹵烷基、(^.(^烷基羰基 院氧基簾基’或〇1.06鹵院氧基親基; r12及r13各自獨立爲㈠或^^^烷基; G爲Η; υ6烷基,可選擇經一或多個鹵素、
CiCe 鹵烷氧基、CN、NC^SiOLRw、COR15、C02F 基或C3_C6環院基取代;C^i.Ce院氧基;鹵院氧基; N〇2; s(o)ur17; cor18; co2r19;苯基,可選擇經 個鹵素、CN、C^.Cs鹵烷基、或CVC3鹵烷氧基取代 環院基;或苯硫基; Q爲苯基,可選擇經一或多個鹵素、CN、SCN、N〇2、 S(0)uR2。、0·|.〇4院基、〇·|.〇4鹵院基、〇·!.(34院氧基院基、Cj.C 院氧基、〇·].06_院氧基、或NR21R22基; 1311465 許載劑及一種殺外寄生蟲上有效量之神經元鈉通道括抗 劑。 提供一種對於動物及人類預防、治療或控制外寄生蟲感 染或寄生之有效方法亦爲本發明之另一目標。 本發明之再一目標係提供一種適合用於動物或人類之殺 外寄生蟲組成物。 由下列陳述之詳細說明以及附隨之申請專利範圍,對於 此項技藝中熟習此藝者而言,本發明之其它目標、優點及 特徵將成爲顯而易見的。 發明詳細說明 殺外寄生蟲感染及寄生爲農業動物及照顧和飼育伴侶動 物中持續不斷的問題。令人驚釾地,現已發現經由給予動 物預防上、治療上或醫藥上有效量之神經元鈉通道拮抗劑 可預防或控制溫血動物之外寄生蟲。本文中使用之’·神經元 鈉通道拮抗劑"一詞代表一種能夠預防神經元細胞將鈉離子 移轉通過細胞膜之能力,因此目標害蟲中受影響之神經元 細胞不能產生衝動,造成麻痺,並最終死亡。神經元鈉通 道诘抗劑及其作用模式說明可見於Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 60: 1 7 7-1 85 或 Archives of Insect
Biochemistry and Physiology, 37: 91 -1 03。 神經元鈉通道拮抗劑於此項技藝中已可取得,且包括之 化合物如彼等描述於山3.5,54 3,573、1).3.5,708,17 0、山3. 5,324,837及U.S. 5,462,938者,其說明在此以參考文獻倂 1311465
其中A爲CR4R5或NR6 ; w爲ο或s ; X、Y、Z、X,、Υ·及 ζ·各自獨立爲 H;鹵素;0H; CN; N02; 烷基(其可選擇經一或多個鹵素、Ci-C3烷氧基、 鹵烷氧基、C3_C6環烷基、C2_C6烯氧基或磺醯氧基取代); 烷氧基(其可選擇經一或多個鹵素、C^C3烷氧基或 C3.c6環烷基取代);υ6烷氧羰基、C3-Ce環烷羰基氧基、 苯基(可選擇經一或多個鹵素、院基或C1.C4院氧基取 代);胺基羰基氧基(可選擇經一或多個Cl-C3烷基取代); CVC6烷氧基羰基氧基;C^Ce烷基磺醯氧基;C2-C6烯基; 争 或 N R 1 2 R 1 3, m、p及q各自獨立爲1、2、3、4或5之整數; -12- 1311465 η爲Ο、1或2之整數; r爲1或2之整數; t爲1、2、3或4之整數; R2、R3、只4及1各自獨立爲Η或CVC4烷基;
Re爲H、CiCe院基、〇·!.〇6鹵院基、C^i.Ce院氧基院基、〇·|.06 院氧基' C^Ce鹵院氧基、C2-C6稀基、C2-C6诀基' ◦,.(^院 基鑛基、CiCe院氧基羯基、0·!.(36院硫基、或0·|.06鹵垸硫 基; R7及Re各自獨卫·爲Η; _素;C^i.Ce院基;0·|_06院基羯基氧 基;或苯基,可選擇經一或多個鹵素、CN、NO" 〇^〇6烷 基、CVC6鹵烷基、CVCe烷氧基或(^.(:6鹵烷氧基取代; R9&F^。各自獨立爲烷基; R11爲Η、(3·|_〇6院基、C^.Ce齒垸基、C^i.C#院基羯基、CiCg 院氧基幾基’或〇1_〇6鹵院氧基鑛基; R12及R13各自獨立爲Η_υ6烷基; G爲Η ; υ6烷基,可選擇經一或多個鹵素、(^.(^烷氧基、 CiCe 鹵烷氧基、CN、Ν〇2、3(0)。闩14、COR15、C02R16、 苯基或c3.c6環烷基取代;υ6烷氧基;υ6鹵烷氧基; CN; N02; S(0)uR17; COR18; co2r19;苯基,可選擇經 —或多個鹵素、CN、υ3鹵烷基、或C,.C3鹵烷氧基取代; 〇3.〇6環烷基;或苯硫基; Q爲苯基,可選擇經一或多個鹵素、CN、SCN、N02、 S(〇)uR2。、C1C4院基、〇·!.04_ 垸基、〇·|.04院氧基院基、C^i.Ce -13- 1311465 烷氧基' Ci-ce鹵烷氧基、或NR21R2@取代; 。爲〇、1或2之整數; 14、R15、R16、R18、Ri9、R21 及 r22 各自獨立爲 Η 或 CiCe 烷基; \7及卩2。各自獨立爲(^丄6烷基或烷基; R33爲 co2r34 ;
34爲H、Ci.Ce院基、鹵烷基、苯基或鹵苯基;且C二^-N 虛線結構代表一個雙鍵或單鍵(即C_N或C = N );或其立體 異構物。 說明書及申請專利範圍中使用之鹵烷基一詞代表具有1至 2χ+1個歯素(可相同或不同)之烷基CxH2x + i。相似地,鹵 燦基、鹵炔基、鹵院氧基、鹵苯基等詞代表單-至全鹵素取 代’其中鹵素可相同或不同。鹵素—詞代表Ch Br、丨或F。 本發明中適合使用之較佳神經元鈉通道拮抗劑爲彼等式 I、11及111化合物中其C =N虛線結構代表雙鍵者。 本發明方法及組成物中適合使用之更較佳神經元鈉通道 拮抗劑爲彼等式丨及丨11化合物中其C ΓΓΤ7:Ν虛線結構代表雙鍵 者。 特較佳神經元鈉通道拮抗劑爲彼等式丨化合物中Α爲CH2 ; W爲 〇; X 爲 4-OCF3; Y 爲 3-CF3; Z 爲 4-CN; η爲 〇; m、ρ 及q各爲1;尺及!^各爲Η’且虛線結構c N代表雙鍵者; 或其立體異構物。 另外之神經元鈉通道拮抗劑化合物,包括描述於U . s . -14- 1311465 之6員雜芳基環,雜原子選自〇或1個氧、〇或1個硫及〇、1 或2個氮原子,該6員雜芳環經由碳連繫且可選擇經一或多 個相同或不同選自X ”之基取代; Q爲Η’ 院基,可選擇經一或多個齒素、CN、院 氧基' 垸氧基幾基或苯基(可選擇經一或多個鹵素、 CN、Ν〇2、(ν(:4烷基、Cih鹵烷基、CVC4烷磺醯基或ci-C4烷亞磺醯基取代)取代;c2.C6烯基;C2_C6炔基;或苯基’ 可經選自一至三個相同或不同之X"基取代, R23、R24、R25、R26、R27、r28 及 r29 各自獨立爲 院基;且C 虛線結構代表一個雙鍵或單鍵; 或其J_L體異構物。 本發明更較佳神經元鈉通道拮抗劑化合物爲彼等式IV或V 化α物中C .....N虛線結構代表一個雙鍵。 本發明之另較佳具體實施例中,神經元鈉通道拮抗劑化 合物爲彼等式IV或V化合物中W爲Ο ; X”及Y”各自獨立爲Η或 CiCe鹵烷基;m爲 1 ; R23' R24、R25、R26 及 R27 各自爲 Η; G爲苯基’可選擇經一或多個鹵素原子取代;q’爲鹵苯基或 烷基’可選擇經—個苯基或鹵苯基取代;且c="-N虛 線結構代表一個雙鍵或單鍵;或其立體異構物。 每一式丨、11 '丨丨丨、I V及V化合物包括未對稱中心,其可以 立體異構性R -型或S -型表示。本發明包括之方法及組成物 包含R -異構物、S ·異構物,或其任何比率之式卜丨丨、丨丨卜丨V 及V化合物之混合物。以式⑴化合物之s-異構物爲較佳。 -16- 1311465 有涵地現已發現神經元鈉通道拮抗劑可用於有效控制、 頂防或改η外寄生蟲在溫血動物中之感染與寄生,重要農 業及伴侶動物如牛、綿羊、馬、山羊、猪、路馬、路騎、 水牛驢兔、占鹿、馴鹿、貂、栗鼠、白鼬、垸熊、雞、 鵝、火雞、鴨、狗、貓、鼠或其它易受外寄生蟲叮咬及吸 咬攻擊及寄生者’如雙翅目、蝨目或蚤目,及寄生性蜱觸如 壁蝨及蟎。具體而言,雙翅目:蠅科(Muscidae)如秋家 繩(Musca autumna 丨丨s )(糞蠅)、擾血蠅(Haemt〇bia irritans)(角蠅)、厩螯蠅(stom〇xys ca|cjtrans)(持久蠅)、 尾隨蠅、采采蠅、麗蠅(blowfly)等爲骯髒之繁殖者及疾 病之媒介物,且爲動物如牛、馬及綿羊之嚴重害蟲。此外, 雙翅目:虱蠅科(Hippoboscidae)(虱蠅)如羊蜱蠅 (Me/op/?agtvs oWaiws,sheep ked ),其爲綿羊之嚴重寄 生蟲’爲動物生產上之嚴重問題。 蝨科中已知爲動物之寄生蟲者爲:囈毛虱科 (Trichodectidae)如牛咬風(Bovicola bov is)(重要牛咬 虱)、羊咬風(β· 〇Ws)或馬咬亂 (S· eqtv/·);血虱科 (Haematopinidae )如豬血虱(Haematopinus suis)(豬 風)或髓血風(Η· as/_n/·)(馬吸血風);長額風科 (Linognathidae)如山羊長(/-/Dognai/iussierjops/s) (山羊吸血虱)或長溴牛虱(/_. Wiu//)等。 蚤科中之一已知爲寄生伴侶動物者之蚤屬(Pul icidae) 如昔蚤屬 (ArchaeopsyMinae )(貓及狗蚤)、 Spilopsyllinae(兔蚤)等。 -17- 1311465 來自蜱蟎目之一些壁蝨及蟎已知會寄生生產及伴侶動物者 有軟壁 1¾ ( Argas spp. ) 、 ( Omithodoros spp.)、雞皮 fij Dermanyssus g a 11 i n a e ) ' 41¾ 1¾ ( Boophilus spp.)、 扇頭壁 1¾ (RWp/’cepha/usspp·)、熱帶壁 1¾ (/Amb/yomma spp. ) ' ( Dermacentor spp. ) 、( Hyalomma spp.)、 M 1¾ ( Ixodes spp. ) 、 ( Psoroptes spp. ) ' ( Chohoptes spp.)、疥蟎(Sa 厂 copies spp.)、皮毛疥蟲(Cheyletie//a spp.)等。 溫血動物免於外寄生蟲寄生之保護,特別是雙翅目、蝨 目、蚤目、或蜱蟎目,可經由施予或投與預防上、治療上或 醫藥上有效量之神經元鈉通道拮抗劑化合物被提供或增 進。溫血動物意指恆溫動物,即同溫的。 於本發明之實行中,拮抗劑化合物可以如浸泡 '噴灑、 傾倒、斑塊分布、耳標、項圈、徽章、背橡膠、油壺 '吸 麈袋、粉末、洗劑、洗髮精、腸胃外注射、口服等施用於 動物’較佳爲局部施用如傾倒、噴灑、浸泡或斑塊分布。 本發明方法中有用之神經元鈉通道拮抗劑化合物之有效 量將依據所使用之特定化合物、應用模式、預控制之外寄 生蟲之特性、寄生之程度、外寄生性昆蟲族群範圍、目標 但主彳寸性、天氣狀況或本項技藝中已知之其它因子。 有效劑里可由約0_1mg/kg至約i〇〇mg/kg,較佳約1.0 mg/kg至約50mg/kg,自然地,可給予超過有效量之該拮抗 劑化合物,但對於保護目標動物免於外寄生蟲感染爲不必 要的。 -18- 1311465 因此,本發明亦提供一種組成物,其包含醫藥上容許載 劑及殺外寄生蟲上有效量之神經元鈉通道拮抗劑。本發明 組成物之較佳具體實施例包括水溶液浸泡液於動物如牛、 綿羊、山羊等,以及可溼性粉末、可乳化濃縮物及水溶液 可流動調配物,其各自可消散於適當溶劑中並施用於噴灑 動物之毛皮或隱避處。此等噴灑通常含約0 · 1 p p m至約 5 0 0 0 p p m,且較佳爲約〇 · 5 p p m至約1 0 0 0 p p m之活性神經元 鈉通道拮抗劑化合物。 本發明之另一較佳具體實施例中,神經元鈉通道捨抗劑 被調配成傾倒或斑塊分布調配物並施用於動物預治療之背 部,如牛、綿羊或伴侶動物,以保護其免於受節肢動物外 寄生蟲之寄生。本發明之傾倒或斑塊分布組成物適合經由 溶解、懸浮或乳劑化拮抗劑化合物於適當無毒性治療容許 稀釋劑中製備,此稀釋劑必須與拮抗劑相容且應不會爲動 物皮膚或毛髮之刺激或傷害之來源,此等稀釋劑包括單羥 酸或多羥醇、蔬菜油、噴灑油、脂肪族及芳香族烴、低級 烷基酮、酯、脂肪酸及本項技藝中其它已知稀釋劑。 本發明之傾倒或斑塊分布調配物之一較佳型式包含約〇. 5 重量%至約30重量之神經元鈉通道拮抗劑,約〇· 5至約30重 量%之噴灑油,約30至約60重量。/。之脂肪族或芳香族烴、醇、 低級烷基酮,或其混合物,及約〇至約20重量。/。之蔬菜或礦 物油或其混合物。 傾倒或斑塊分布調配物之另一較佳型式包含約4 5重量。/。 之二甲苯,約25重量。/。之環己酮,約1 5重量。/。之神經元鈉通 -19- 1311465 道拮抗劑化合物,1 0重量%之玉米油或礦物油或其混合物, 及約5重量%之其它製藥容許稀釋劑如界面活性劑、擴散 劑、抗起泡劑等。較佳擴散劑或油中可應用於本發明之傾 倒調配物者爲脂肪酸、脂肪酸酯、三酸甘油脂及脂肪醇, 包括:肉宣蔻酸異丙酯、飽和(c12-c18)脂肪醇與蠟脂肪 酸酯之辛酸/癸酸酯、棕櫚酸異丙酯等。 醇、乙二醇及酮有用於實行本發明者包括:乙醇、異丙醇、 丙二醇、二丙二醇、苄醇、二丙二醇單乙醚、環己酮、甲 機乙基酮、乙基異丁基酮、N -丁氧基丁基乙氧基乙醇等。 可應用於本發明調配物之蔬菜油包括:玉米油、橄欖油、花 生油、;葵花油、棉仔油、大豆油等。 本發明之調配物及方法中可作爲溶劑之芳香族烴包括: 二甲苯、甲苯等。其它適當溶劑包括(但不限於)己烷、 二甲基亞珮及肉宣蔻酸異丙酯,及此等之相似溶劑。溶劑 之合劑亦可使用。彼等熟習此藝者能夠容易鑑別出適合之 溶劑系統,適當溶劑爲彼等溶解一或多種其它成分之調配 物’無毒性或有害預治療動物,且不會對活性成分之活化 有相反影響。 視需要’界面活性劑亦可應用於本發明之調配物中,此 等包括任何此項技藝中已知適當界面活性劑。 除了神經兀鈉通道捨抗劑外,本發明之調配物可含有一 或多種活性成分’此等額外成分可包括有效量之本項技藝 中已知之昆蟲生長調節劑(丨G R )’包括(但不限於)幾丁質 合成抑制劑’如午酸本基服(例如二福隆(d i f丨u b e n z u r ο η )、 -20- 1311465 氟芬隆(flufenoxuron)、得福隆(teflubenzuron)、祿 芬隆(lufenuron)、諾伐隆(novaluron)、u定碑(fluazuron) 等’及保幼激素類似物(j u v e n i I e h 〇 r m ο n e m i m i c s )如美 賜平(methoprene)、稀蟲乙醋(hydroprene)、百利普 芬(pyriproxyfen)及芬諾克(fenoxycarb)等。所需量當 然爲有效量,依據外寄生蟲目標及特殊I G R而定,以及調配 物應用之方法及狀況而定。彼等熟習此藝者將容易決定每 一情況之有效量而不需過度實驗。 除了神經元鈉通道拮抗劑外,本發明之調配物亦可含有 有效量之本項技藝中已知之一或多種殺外寄生蟲劑,包括 (但不限於):脒殺蟲劑/殺壁蝨劑如三亞蟎(amitraz ); 除 蟲菊精(pyrethroid) /殺壁蝨劑殺蟲劑如百滅寧 (permethrin )、亞滅寧(cypermethrin)及 α-亞滅寧; 苯基吡唑殺蟲劑/殺壁蝨劑如芬普尼(fip「onil ):有機磷殺 蟲劑如克芬松(chlorfenvinphos)、大利松(diazinon)、 馬拉松(malathion)及托福松(terbufos);益達胺 (imidacloprid ):尼替潘倫(nrtepyram):胺基甲酸鹽 類殺蟲劑等。所需殺蟲劑之量當然爲有效量,依據寄生蟲 標的即特殊殺蟲劑/殺壁蝨劑,以及調配物應用之方法及 情況。彼等熟習此藝者將容易能夠決定每一情況之有效量 而不需過度實驗。 除了神經元鈉通道拮抗劑外,本發明之調配物亦含〜種 有效量之一或多種本項技藝中已知之巨環內脂(M L)殺寄生 蟲劑’包括(但不限於):阿維菌素類(a ν e r m e c t i n s )如 -21- 1311465 阿巴汀(abamectin) ' 多滅蟲(doramectin)、 (ivermectin)、依普菌素(eprinomectin)、: (selamectin)、阿維菌素(avermectin)等, 黴素(milbemycins)如倍脈心(moxidectin)、 素肟(milbemycin oxime)等。ML所需量當然將爲 依據寄生蟲標的及特殊M L,以及此調配物應用之 狀。彼等熟習此藝者將可容易決定每一情況之有 需過度實驗。 本發明方法包括本發明調配物之應用,包括彼 過一種活性成分者,如殺蟲劑及/或I G Rs。 [實施方式] 爲了呈現更淸楚了解之本發明,下列特定實施 下,此等實施例及僅爲說明並未以任何方式限制 疇或基本原則。並且,除了彼等於本文中証明或敘 經由下列實施例及前述說明,本發明之各種改質 項技藝中熟習此藝者將顯而易見,此等改質亦預 請專利範圍之範疇。 實施例1 神經元鈉通道拮抗劑抗麗蠅之比較性評估 在此評估中,濾紙盤以試驗化合物之丙酮溶液 其乾燥,將牛血淸及麗蠅(Lucilia sericata)之 蟲加至經處理之濾紙上,並評估24小時及48小時之 並使用描述於P 〇 L P - 0 C之回歸分析計算致死濃j LC99),依據變基分析(probit analysis)或對數分 伊維菌素 希納菌素 及米爾貝 米爾貝黴 有效的, 方法及況 效量而不 等含有超 例陳述如 本發明範 述者外, ,對於此 設屬於申 處理並使 新脫出幼 死亡率, g (1~<350及 析(I 〇 g i t -22- 1311465 analysis)之使用者指南於,LeOra Software,Berkeley, CA, 1 9 8 7,此結果示於表I。 表丨 2 4 h 4 8 h 試驗化合物 LC50 (^g/ML) LC99 (/zg/ML) LC50 (//g/ML) LC99 (β g/ML) A1 0.4 1.27 0.27 0.71 標準物1 0.10 0.40 0.07 0.30 1化合物A=神經元鈉通道拮抗劑之式
(la) -23- 1 標準物=芬普尼(fipronil) * 實施例2 神經元鈉通道拮抗劑抗跳蚤成蟲之效力比較性評估 在此評估中,1 2隻畢格爾獵犬各自以1 00隻未餵食跳蚤成 蟲寄生,於寄生後24小時以梳子計數評估每一隻犬保留跳 蚤之能力,犬隻經由此等跳蚤計數區分,並隨機分派爲四 組處理組之一組中,試驗化合物以全身噴灑施用,以0.4 0 % (wt/vol)溶液之試驗化合物於1 %合成酯(Miglyol )於N-甲基-2-吡咯啶酮之混合物中。每一犬隻於處理前以1〇〇隻 跳蚤寄生並於處理後一天以梳子計數以檢查降低之效力。 1311465 犬隻隨後再次以跳蚤寄生並於24小時後以每週間計數。平 均此資料並顯示於表11。 表丨丨 相對於未處理對照組之畢格爾獵犬經以化合物A之局部調配 物處理之效力百分比
% 效力(天數) 處理 1 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 62 化合物A1 (20mg/kg 體重 wt.) 100 99.7 99.6 100 100 100 99.5 97.8 92.6 64.2 標準物2 (14.5MG/KG HfiWT.) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99.5 安慰劑 (空白溶劑混合物) 100 56.0 28.2 27.1 0.0 17.9 12.2 40.0 0.8 0.0 對照組 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (未處理) 化合物A =神經元鈉通道捨抗剤之式 揉準物=芬普尼 實施例3 神經元鈉通道拮抗劑與其它活性成分合倂抗跳蚤成蟲之效 力比較性評估 於含如實施例1指派之化合物A之神經元鈉通道抑制劑之4 種調配物’其中3種亦含有另一活性成分,與其它調配物試 驗比較’如表111所示。 -24-
Claims (1)
1311465
第 92129004 號「 外寄生蟲」專利案
使用神經元鈉通道拮抗劑於溫血勤物控制 ( 2008年12月修正) 拾、申請專利範圍: 1 _ 一種式(I a )之神經元鈉通道拮抗劑或其立體異構物以及 三亞觸(araitraz)於製造醫藥之用途,該醫藥係用於預防 、改善或控制溫血動物外寄生蟲感染或寄生,
(la) 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之用途,其中外寄生蟲選自跳蚤 、虱子、麗蠅、面蠅、角蠅、蟎及蜱組成之群。 3.如申請專利範圍第2項之用途,其中外寄生蟲爲跳蚤或 蜱。 4 .如申請專利範圍第丨至3項中任一項之用途,其中溫血 動物係選自牛、綿羊、馬、山羊、豬、駱駝、水牛、驢 、兔、占鹿、馴鹿、貂、栗鼠、浣熊、雞、鵝、火雞、 鴨、狗及貓組成之群。 5·如申請專利範圍第 4項之用途,其中溫血動物係選自牛 、綿羊、馬、狗及貓組成之群。 6-—種預防、改善或控制外寄生蟲感染或寄生之醫藥組成 物’其含有醫藥上容許載劑及有效量之如申請專利範圍 1311465 第1項定義之式(la)神經元鈉通道拮抗劑及三亞蟎。 7 .如申請專利範圍第6項之組成物,其另包含二乙基苯甲醯 胺(diethyl toluamide)。 8 . —種殺外寄生蟲之組成物,其包含一種醫藥上容許載劑 及20%w/v之下式(la)化合物之神經元鈉通道拮抗劑:
(la) 與10% w/v之三亞蟎於肉宣蔻酸異丙酯中。 9 .如申請專利範圍第8項之組成物,其進一步包含二乙基 苯甲醯胺。
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