1305561 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 „係——過負荷油壓安全裝置’本設計藉由感測紅量 - 測過貞荷外力限值’經由連通油管將祕油傳遞至致動缸，致動 缸内致動桿推開開關的移動接點，使電控接關迴路斷電，停止 過負載機械作業’發揮丽過貞荷油壓動力之功能。 【先前技術】 •=灣專利之翻公告號：⑻训⑵專批稱：義式起重機過負 荷安全裝置公告日期：2003/01/21申請日期：2000/10/24 發明摘要：—種移動式起重機過負荷預防系統，其包括：一 種長度感測ϋ，用以感顺重機之伸臂長度；__種角度感測器， 用以感顺重機之伸臂俯仰肖度；—種荷重_器，用以感測起 重機之吊重；一種水平感測器，用以感測起重機之伸臂水平傾斜 度’ 一種迴轉角度感測器，用以感測起重機之伸臂旋轉角度，及 鲁-處理裳置，其該長度感測器、該角度感測器、該荷重感測器、 該水平感卿及該迴轉肢感測器，用以接受該感測ϋ所測得之 峨’並將預定之運算模式輯，用以在必要時輸出預警訊號或 控制訊號。 • 傳統過負荷預防系統，使用感測器量測起重機伸臂俯仰角 度、水平角度及吊掛荷重，但感測器需額外供電及量測設備，不 僅線路複雜且故障率高，不適合用於嚴苛的作業環境，基於上述 原因，提出本設計。 1305561 【發明内容】 本設計提出一種新穎設計的預防過負荷油壓動力之安全裝 置’请參考第-圖來說明本設狀原理及構造，第—圖所示，油 ΐ接頭1〇9鎖固連通油管in於油紅封蓋no，液壓油經由連通油 官ill進到致動缸107内，活塞1〇1與油缸封蓋11〇間充滿液壓 油’液壓油體積增加施與向右推力，預力彈簧應施以向左反作 用力，兩力平衡使得致動桿105靜止，開關的移動接點112在41〇1305561 IX. INSTRUCTIONS: [Technical field of invention] „System—Overload hydraulic safety device' This design transmits the secret oil through the connecting oil pipe by sensing the red amount - measuring the external force limit of the load The moving cylinder activates the moving contact of the actuating lever in the cylinder to open the switch, so that the electronically controlled closing circuit is de-energized, and the over-loading mechanical operation is stopped to play the function of the hydraulic pressure of the 丽. [Prior Art] •= Bay Patent Turnover Announcement No.: (8) Training (2) Special Approval: Italian Crane Overload Safety Device Announcement Date: 2003/01/21 Application Date: 2000/10/24 Summary of Invention: - Mobile Crane Overload Prevention System, The utility model comprises: a length sensing ϋ for sensing the length of the extension arm of the heavy machine; __ an angle sensor for sensing the pitching angle of the extension of the heavy machine; and a load _ device for sensing the crane Lifting weight; a level sensor for sensing the horizontal tilt of the boom of the crane'. A swing angle sensor for sensing the angle of rotation of the boom of the crane, and the length of the lure-handling, the length Sensor, the angle sensor, the The load sensor, the level sensor and the rotary limb sensor are configured to receive the measured 峨 of the sense 峨 and to sequence the predetermined operation mode for outputting an early warning signal or a control signal when necessary. • The traditional overload prevention system uses a sensor to measure the pitch angle, horizontal angle and hanging load of the crane boom. However, the sensor requires additional power supply and measurement equipment. The line is not only complicated but also has a high failure rate. In the harsh working environment, the design is proposed based on the above reasons. 1305561 [Summary of the Invention] This design proposes a novel design of a safety device for preventing overload hydraulic power. Please refer to the figure to illustrate the principle and structure of the device. - As shown in the figure, the oil port joint 1〇9 locks the connecting oil pipe in the oil red cap no, the hydraulic oil enters the actuating cylinder 107 via the connecting oil officer ill, and the piston 1〇1 and the cylinder cover 11 are filled. The hydraulic oil 'hydraulic oil volume is increased and the rightward thrust is applied. The pre-force spring should be applied with a left-handed reaction force. The two-force balance makes the actuating rod 105 stationary, and the switch's moving contact 112 is at 41〇.
之位置’與線路的固定接點113接觸，形成導電通路，當液壓油 經由連通油管m流至致動缸1G7，致動缸1G7内液壓油體積增 塞101及頂圈103壓縮預力彈簧，推動致動桿I%向右 頂出’使開關的移動接點112與線路的固定接點113分離，到達 411的位置，形成開迴路斷電。 作用於活塞1〇1之油壓作用力41與開關的移動接點ιΐ2的 移幻關係圖’如第二圖⑻所示，開關的移動接點m之位移^ 與油壓作用力41成線性關係，負荷限值41〇由預力彈簽節 予，當油卿用力41超過負荷限值時，開關的移動接點n 開始移動，當負荷到達緊急停止限值州時，位移達到緊急停2 位移里421 ’電接點迅速拉開，開關的移動接點出打開，動力$ 轉控制開祕斷電’停賴觸^二_上方相迴路狀離 f關之移動接點112在彻的位置，負荷超過彈簧預力時，義 點到達4H驗置，如师)下方所示成為開 移動接謂至達411之位置，形成開迴路。狀~開關之 另-種設計賴縮預力彈#⑽置於致動桿⑽之自由端， 1305561 具有同__效益，如第三圖所示，液·之向右推力及預力 彈簧108之向左推力，兩力平衡使得致動桿105靜止，開關的移 動接點112在410之位置，與線路的固定接點⑴接觸，形成導 電通路《過負荷丨月況發生時，致動缸1σ7内液壓油體積增加， 致動桿105頂開開關的移動接點112，壓縮預力彈菁應，如第三 圖下方所不’到達411位置，形成開迴路狀態，停止動力來源， 避免危險情況發生。 由於此裝置可躺於重貞載機械，其機械結構須承受極大的 外力，因此本設計採職壓域計，具有足夠大之剛性，以防止 其機械結構純’採㈣關的機接點m與祕㈣定接點ιΐ3 接觸或分離’造成線路導f或斷f絲，有效地達細防過負荷 之安全性。 /第四圖所不’為本設計之系統示意圖，本設計之系統分為感 測系統與致動系統二大部分，感測桿刚、感測缸廳、大活塞ιι4 組成感測纽，主要功能為細貞荷油壓作用力41，接受負荷外 力大小變化’致動桿105、致動缸1〇7及小活塞115組成致動系統， 主要功能為過負荷發生時，打·谓的移動接點ιΐ2，形成開迴路 斷電致動分與感測部分由連通油f⑴所連接，液壓油可在 其内流動。 第四圖⑻將預力彈们〇8置於致動缸1〇7内，開關的移動接 點112及線路的固定接點113組成電控線路部分，預力彈簧川8 過負荷油壓作用力41時’致動缸1〇7内液壓油壓力等於預力 彈黃108預力，開關的移動接點112與線路的固定接點ιΐ3接觸， 1305561 開關的移動接點112在410之位置，形成閉迴路通電，當油壓作 用力4!超過預力彈簧觸之預力時，預力彈菁叫皮壓Z _ 的移動接點112被打開，到達411之位置，如第四圖⑼所示，造 成電控系關迴路斷電’另—種設計如第五圖所示，將預力彈菩 108置於致動桿105之自由端，第五圖⑻之開關的移動接點出 在410之位置，為閉迴路通電狀態，第五圖⑼開關的移動接點η] 被打開，到達411之位置，與第四圖具有相同的動作效益。 感測缸106内有大活塞114，致動缸1〇7内有小活塞ιΐ5，假 設大活塞114其面積為a叫、活塞115其面積為a，其工作原理說 明如下： 假設預力科108 —端固定，其預力平衡方程式為 (1) (2) ⑶ ⑷ ~ Ρ·α δ又疋負荷限值的力為The position 'contacts the fixed contact 113 of the line to form a conductive path. When the hydraulic oil flows to the actuating cylinder 1G7 via the connecting oil pipe m, the hydraulic oil volume expansion plug 101 and the top ring 103 compress the pre-force spring in the actuating cylinder 1G7. Pushing the actuating lever I% to the right to eject 'the moving contact 112 of the switch is separated from the fixed contact 113 of the line, reaching the position of 411, forming an open circuit power failure. The shifting relationship between the hydraulic force 41 acting on the piston 1〇1 and the moving contact ιΐ2 of the switch is as shown in the second figure (8), and the displacement of the moving contact m of the switch is linear with the hydraulic force 41. Relationship, load limit 41〇 is pre-loaded by the bullet. When the oil force force 41 exceeds the load limit, the moving contact n of the switch starts to move. When the load reaches the emergency stop limit state, the displacement reaches the emergency stop. In the displacement, the 421 'electric contact is quickly opened, the switch's moving contact is opened, the power is turned to control the open and the power is turned off, the stop is touched, the second phase is above the loop, and the moving contact 112 is in the clear position. When the load exceeds the spring preload, the right point reaches the 4H inspection position, as shown in the lower part of the division, as shown below. Another type of design-switch is designed to be placed at the free end of the actuating rod (10). 1305561 has the same __ benefit, as shown in the third figure, the right thrust of the liquid and the pre-stress spring 108 The leftward thrust, the balance of the two forces causes the actuating lever 105 to be stationary, and the moving contact 112 of the switch contacts the fixed contact (1) of the line at the position of 410 to form a conductive path. When the overload occurs, the actuating cylinder is activated. In 1σ7, the volume of hydraulic oil increases, and the actuating rod 105 pushes the moving contact 112 of the switch to compress the pre-force. If the bottom of the figure does not reach the 411 position, the open circuit state is formed, the power source is stopped, and the danger is avoided. The situation happened. Since the device can be placed on a heavy-duty load-bearing machine, its mechanical structure must withstand a large external force. Therefore, the design of the pressure gauge has a sufficiently large rigidity to prevent the mechanical structure from being purely pure (four) off the machine joint m and Secret (4) Fixed contact ιΐ3 Contact or separation 'causes the line guide f or broken f wire, effectively achieving the safety against fine overload. /The fourth figure is not a schematic diagram of the system of this design. The system of this design is divided into two parts: the sensing system and the actuation system. The sensing rod, the sensing cylinder hall and the large piston ιι4 form a sensing button. The function is the fine oil pressure acting force 41, accepting the change of the external force of the load. The actuating rod 105, the actuating cylinder 1〇7 and the small piston 115 constitute an actuation system. The main function is the movement of the hit when the overload occurs. The contact point ιΐ2 forms an open circuit power-off actuation and the sensing portion is connected by the communication oil f(1), and the hydraulic oil can flow therein. The fourth figure (8) places the pre-forces 〇8 in the actuating cylinder 1〇7, the moving contact 112 of the switch and the fixed contact 113 of the line constitute the electronic control line part, and the pre-stress spring Chuan 8 is overloaded with oil pressure. At force 41, the hydraulic oil pressure in the actuating cylinder 1〇7 is equal to the pre-force spring 108 pre-force, the moving contact 112 of the switch is in contact with the fixed contact ιΐ3 of the line, and the moving contact 112 of the 1305561 switch is at 410. Forming a closed loop energization, when the oil pressure force 4! exceeds the preload force of the preload spring, the moving contact 112 of the preload force is called the skin pressure Z _ is opened, reaching the position of 411, as shown in the fourth figure (9) Show, causing the electronic control system to shut down the circuit. Another design is shown in Figure 5, placing the pre-loaded Boss 108 on the free end of the actuating lever 105. The moving contact of the switch in the fifth diagram (8) is The position of 410 is the closed loop energization state, and the moving contact η of the switch of the fifth diagram (9) is opened to reach the position of 411, which has the same operational benefit as the fourth figure. There is a large piston 114 in the sensing cylinder 106, and a small piston ιΐ5 in the actuating cylinder 1〇7. Assuming that the area of the large piston 114 is a and the area of the piston 115 is a, the working principle is as follows: - The end is fixed, and the pre-equilibrium equation is (1) (2) (3) (4) ~ Ρ·α δ and the load of the load limit is
Ft=P-A^?±A = ~F a a 0 • 因為致動缸傳遞同體積液壓油給致動缸，所以Ft=P-A^?±A = ~F a a 0 • Because the actuator cylinder delivers the same volume of hydraulic oil to the actuator cylinder,
y^ = x-A _A y —x a 由(2)式可得知，利用較小的彈簧預力，可以藉由大活塞ll4 之面積及小活塞115面積之比值，將彈簧預力放大成負荷限值， 由⑶$ (4)式可知’當大活塞赫小轉時，造成小活塞移動大位 移’當負何達到時，表示感測缸壓力到達負荷限值，感測缸106 、’’二由連通油管傳遞液壓油至致動缸1⑽，致動缸内液壓油 1305561 積增大’使得致動桿105向下推 線開路’即為過負荷狀態，停止 缸107，致動缸107内的液壓油體 開移動的開關接點112，使控制導 工作，避免危險。 本設計所揭露之獅過負荷油壓動力之安全裝置，應用層面 =廣泛’舉凡配置有油壓缸之動力機械皆可制本設計之設 =。本設計利用感測缸觸量得過負荷载重，因為感測缸觸斑 致動缸浙其油壓缸内大活塞m與小活塞出截面積不同，可 =小的彈簧預力加以放大成負荷限制力值，當感測虹廳所受 負荷達到限制負荷值時’經由連通油管lu將壓力傳至致動缸 贿’因此連接致動缸107之移動的開關接點112被打開，造成控 制導線開路’具有直接感測負荷等性能，並具備構成組件簡單， 組裝方便，生產成本低廉等優勢。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖預防過負荷油壓動力之安全裝置原理示意圖 第-圖(a)髓過貞荷油鶴力之安全裝置接點仙力與開 關位移量之示意圖 第-圖(b)預防過負荷油壓動力之安全裝置之開關接點通路 及開路狀態示意圖 第二圖預防過負荷油壓動力之安全裝置之預力彈菁於自由 端原理示意圖 / 、 第四圖⑻預防過負荷油壓動力之安全裝置之系統示意圖 第四圖(b)預防過負荷油壓動力之安全裝置之開路狀態系統 不意圖 13 .1305561 第五圖(a)預防過負荷油壓動力之安全裝置之預力彈簧於 由端設計之系統示意圖 ’、 之女全震置之飾接點開路 第五圖(b)預防過負荷油壓動力 示意圖Y^ = xA _A y —xa It can be seen from equation (2) that with a small spring preload, the spring preload can be amplified to the load limit by the ratio of the area of the large piston ll4 and the area of the small piston 115. From (3)$ (4), it can be seen that when the large piston is small, the small piston moves large displacement. When the negative pressure is reached, it indicates that the sensing cylinder pressure reaches the load limit, and the sensing cylinder 106, '' The connecting oil pipe transfers the hydraulic oil to the actuating cylinder 1 (10), and the hydraulic oil 1305561 in the actuating cylinder is increased 'so that the actuating rod 105 is pushed downward to open the line', that is, the overload state, stopping the cylinder 107, and actuating the hydraulic pressure in the cylinder 107 The oil body opens the moving switch contact 112 to make the control work and avoid danger. The safety device of the lion overload hydraulic power disclosed in this design, application level = extensively. Any power machine equipped with a hydraulic cylinder can be designed according to this design. This design uses the load of the sensing cylinder to get the load. Because the sensor cylinder is activated, the large piston m and the small piston have different cross-sectional areas. The small spring preload can be amplified into a load. Limiting the force value, when sensing that the load on the Hong hall reaches the limit load value, 'passing the pressure to the actuating cylinder via the connecting oil pipe lu', so the switch contact 112 connecting the movement of the actuating cylinder 107 is opened, causing the control wire The open circuit has the advantages of direct sensing load and the like, and has the advantages of simple assembly, convenient assembly and low production cost. [Simple diagram of the diagram] The first diagram shows the principle of the safety device for preventing overload hydraulic pressure. Figure-a (a) Schematic diagram of the connection between the force of the safety device and the displacement of the switch. b) Schematic diagram of the switch contact path and open circuit state of the safety device for preventing overload hydraulic pressure. The second figure is a schematic diagram of the pre-force of the safety device for preventing overload hydraulic pressure. The principle of the free end is shown in the schematic diagram / (4) System diagram of safety device for load hydraulic power Figure 4 (b) Open circuit state of safety device for preventing overload hydraulic power is not intended 13.135561 Figure 5 (a) Safety device for preventing overload hydraulic power The pre-stress spring is designed according to the system diagram of the end, and the female full-shield is connected to the open circuit. The fifth figure (b) prevents the overload hydraulic pressure
第六圖獅過貞荷油壓動力之安全I置第—運用你 苐七圖預防過負荷油壓動力之安全裝置第一 苐八圖預防過負荷油墨動力之安全裝置第―、 第九圖預防過負荷油壓動力之安全裝置第四運用$ 第十圖預防過負荷油壓動力之安全裝置第 ' 【主要元件符號說明】 列 101 活塞 螺拴 102 頂圈 103 感測桿 1〇4 致動桿 105 感測缸 106 致動缸 107 預力彈簧 108 油管接頭 109 油缸封蓋 110 連通油管 111 移動接點 112 固定接點 113 14 410 1305561 負荷限值 緊急停止限值 位移 緊急停止位移量 411 42 421The sixth picture of the lion over the 贞 油 压 压 I I — — — — — 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用 运用Overload hydraulic power safety device Fourth application $ Tenth diagram to prevent overload hydraulic power safety device '' [Main component symbol description] Column 101 Piston screw 102 Top ring 103 Sensing rod 1〇4 Actuating rod 105 Sensing cylinder 106 Actuating cylinder 107 Pre-stress spring 108 Tubing joint 109 Cylinder head seal 110 Connecting oil pipe 111 Moving joint 112 Fixed joint 113 14 410 1305561 Load limit emergency stop limit Displacement Emergency stop displacement 411 42 421
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