1300148 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種液晶顯示裝置，特別係關於一種邊 緣電場開關（Fringe Field Switching，FFS)型液晶顯示裝 置。 【先前技術】 由於液晶顯示裝置具輕、薄、耗電小等優點，廣泛應 用於筆記本電腦、行動電話、個人數位助理等現代化資訊 設備。液晶顯示裝置藉由液晶面板及背光源裝置實現顯示 功能’但背光源裝置係整個液晶顯示裝置之主要耗能裝 置’故為實現節能需求，出現利用外界環境光為光源之液 晶顯示裝置，即反射式液晶顯示裝置，然其存在液晶分子 響應速度慢、視角範圍窄之缺陷。 為克服反射式液晶顯示裝置液晶分子響應速度慢、視 角範圍窄之缺陷，出現一種反射式FFS型液晶顯示裝置。請 參閱第一圖，係2003年6月24日公告之第6, 583, 842號美國 專利所揭示之反射式FFS型液晶顯示裝置，該液晶顯示裝置 100包括上、下透明基底101、1〇2，配向層u〇&m、液晶 層130、像素電極150、絕緣層170及反向電極19〇(c〇unter Electrode)，其中反向電極19〇、絕緣層17〇、像素電極15〇 及配向層111依次分佈於下透明基底1〇2上，上透明基底1〇1 相對於該液晶層13 0之表面附著有配向層110，液晶層13 〇 置於該一透明基底101、102間。其中，反向電極為均勻 分佈於下透明基底102整個表面之導電層，由具有較高反射 1300148 .係數之材料如金屬鋁或金屬金製得，充當外界環境光之反 射體。 該液晶顯示裝置1 〇 〇顯示時，其光源採用外界環境光， 通過反向電極19 0之反射功能實現顯示目的，可實現節能功 效；其反向電極190覆蓋該下透明基底1〇2表面，其位於該 像素電極150豎直下方，在顯示過程中該二電極丨5〇、 所產生之邊緣電場（圖未示）分佈更密集，使液晶分子在響 應速度更快，並且視角更廣。 然，該液晶顯示裝置1〇〇在環境光不充足情況下，無法 為顯不提供足夠光亮，晝面影像出現模糊不清之情況，而 在外界環境光嚴重缺乏情況下如在密室中無法使用，使該 液晶顯示裝置100無法保證顯示質量，並縮小其應用範圍。 有鑑於此，提供一種應用範圍廣、可保證顯示質量之 液晶顯示裝置實為必需。 【發明内容】 本發明之目的在於提供一應用範圍廣、可保證顯示質 量之液晶顯示裝置。 本發明係關於一種液晶顯示裝置，其包括：上透明基 底，其下表面附著有一配向層；下透明基底，其上表面依 次附著有反向電極、絕緣層、像素電極及配向層，其中反 向電極與像素電極產生―邊緣電場，該像素電㈣透明導 J材質；-液晶層，其位於該上、下透明基底之間；及一 背光源；其中，該反向電極具有反射區域及穿透區域，且 在該上透明基底下表面與附著其上之配向層之間進一步附 著一鈍化層，該鈍化層區域與該下透明基底之反向電極之 1300148 .反射區域相對應，該鈍化層使該反射區域之液晶層厚度 其餘部份液晶層厚度之二分之一。 … 本發明提供另一種液晶顯示裝置，其包括··上透明基 底，其下表面附著有一配向層；下透明基底，其上表面依 次附著有反向電極、絕緣層、像素電極及配向層，其中^ 向電極與像素電極產生一邊緣電場；一液晶層，苴ς於該 土厘下！明基底之間；及一背光源，1中，該㈣電極： "屬材貝具有反光特性，該反向電極為透明導電材質，且 在該上透明基底下表面與附著其上之配向層之間進二步附 著-鈍化層’該鈍化層區域與該下透明基叙像素電極區 域相對應，該缝錢該反㈣域之液晶料度為轉 份液晶層厚度之二分之一。 八、 與先前技術相比，本發明液晶顯示裝置同時且有 =反射區域’其中穿透區域之顯示依賴從細發出 。光束：反㈣域之顯示依賴外界環境光，該液晶顯示裝 可共同或單獨運用外界環境光與液晶顯示裝置内部之办 光源為®像之顯示提供光亮，在環境光不足時可主要通i =背㈣所發出之光束達_示㈣，在環境光嚴重缺 乏k，則可完全使用背光源，因而該液晶顯示裝置 同環境下保證顯示質量並擴大顯示裝置之應用範圍。本發 明液晶顯不裝置具有與其反射區域相對應之鈍化層，使該 反射區域之液晶層厚度為穿透區域液晶層厚度之二分之 一，使該二區域之光束通過液晶層之光學路徑相等，使二 =具有相似之光學特性，可保證該液晶顯示裝置之顯示質 1300148 【實施方式】 請參閱第二圖，係本發明液晶顯示裝置第一實施方式 之一次像素單元示意圖。該液晶顯示裝置300包括上、下上 透明基底301、302，分佈於該透明基底301、302之間之液 晶層330及位於該下透明基底3〇2下方之背光源34〇。 該下透明基底302上表面依次附著有反向電極、絕 緣層370、像素電極390及配向層31〇。其中，該像素電極39〇 為若干透明直條狀結構導電體，該絕緣層3 7 〇為透明絕緣材 質’其使該反向電極350與該像素電極390絕緣。該反向電 極350係分佈於整塊基底302上之金屬導電層，其材料可採 用金屬鋁。其中該反向電極350具有一反射區域351及一穿 透區域3 5 3 ’分別對應該液晶顯示裝置3 〇 〇之反射區域r及穿 透區域T。其中該反向電極350之穿透區域353其鋁層厚度小 於10 0奈米，反射區域3 51之紹層厚度相對較厚，可反射照 射到其上之光束。鋁層厚度達100奈米時，照射到其上之光 束即可將其穿透，其穿透率大於1%，其厚度越薄其穿透率 越大。 该上透明基底301下表面附著有配向層311及鈍化層 320。該純化層320附著在該上透明基底3〇1下表面與該反向 電極350之反射區域351相對應之區域，係為透明絕緣材 質。該配向層311附著於該鈍化層320表面及該上透明基底 301之下表面。該液晶層330分為反射區域331及穿透區域 333,其中該反射區域331對應該液晶顯示裝置3〇〇之反射區 域R，該穿透區域333對應該液晶顯示裝置3〇〇之穿透區域 T。該反射區域331之液晶層厚度為該穿透區域333之液晶層 1300148 厚度之二分之一。 田》亥液日日顯示裝置3〇〇工作時，因該像素電極39〇位於 該反向電極350置直上方，可產生邊緣電場，使該液晶詹33〇 中之液晶分子（未標示）在水平方向上發生偏轉。從背光源 340發射出之光束（箭頭2所示）照射到該反向電極35〇上 時，由於該反向電極350之穿透區域353之鋁層厚度小於1〇〇 奈米’可使照射到該穿透區域353上之光束部份通過該液晶 層330之穿透區域333，為顯示提供一光源，實現該液晶顯 示裝置300之穿透區域T之顯示；當外界環境光束（箭頭1所 不）照射到該反向電極350之反射區域351上時，光束將被反 射回該液晶層330之反射區域331，為顯示提供另一光源， 實現該液晶顯示裝置300之反射區域R之顯示。該二光源可 共同或單獨為該液晶顯示裝置3〇〇提供光亮。 由於該液晶層330之反射區域331液晶層厚度為該穿透 區域333液晶層度之二分之一，故在外界環境光通過該液晶 層330之反射區域331之光學路徑與從背光源34〇發出之光 束通過該液晶層330之穿透區域333之光學路徑相等，保證 其具有相似之光學特性，使該液晶顯示裝置3〇〇之顯示 得到提高。 、 其中該反向電極350之穿透區域353其鋁層厚度在保證 J於100奈米日守，可根據顯示器之穿透率的實際需要做 整。 其中，由於該反向電極350之穿透區域353金屬層厚度 較薄，其電阻亦較大，為降低其電阻，可在該反向電極扣〇 表面塗附氧化銦錫（Indium Tin Oxide，ΙΤΟ)薄膜（圖未示） 1300148 .降低其電阻。 請參閱第三圖，係本發明液晶顯示裝置第二實施方式 之一次像素單元示意圖，本實施方式與第一實施方式大致 相同。本實施方式中液晶顯示裝置4〇〇之反向電極包括 反射區域451及穿透區域453，分別對應該液晶顯示裝置4〇〇 之反射區域R及穿透區域τ，其中反射區域451採用金屬材料 制得，如金屬鋁，使其具有導電特性並可反射照射到其上 之光束，其厚度大於100奈米。其中該穿透區域453採用Ιτ〇 或氧化銦鋅（Indium Zinc 0xide，ΙΖ〇)材料制得，該二種 導電材料均具有透光特性，可使從背光源44〇發射出之光束 通過並照射到該液晶層43〇。 請參閲第四圖，係本發明液晶顯示裝置第三實施方式 之一次像素單元示意圖，本實施方式與第一實施方式大致 相同本實轭方式中液晶顯示裝置500之反向電極550由透 明導電材料制得，如ΙΤ0，可使從背光源54〇發射出之光束 通過並照射到該液晶層53〇 ;像素電極590為金屬材料制 得三如金屬鋁，可反射照射到其上之光束；上透明基底5〇1 附著有鈍化層520 ’該鈍化層52〇設置在與該像素電極59〇 相年對應之區域。該液晶顯示裝置之反射區域R及穿透 區域Τ分別與該像素電極590及該反向電極55〇與該像素電 極590之非重疊區域相對應。本實施方式中，該像素電極590 之表面可衣成具有若干突起（未標示）之形狀，可使照射到 其上之外界環境光發生散射，增加反射光線之出射角'，起 到擴大視角之作用。 請參閱第五圖，係本發明液晶顯示裝置第四實施方式 11 1300148 .之一次像素單元示意圖。本膏 iarl .丰實轭方式與第一實施方式大致 相同’惟，該鈍化層㈣與該配向層6 =干突起(未標示)之形狀，當外界環 ;:到=咖時，該突起可使照射到其上之光線發生 反射光線之出射角範圍亦隨之增大，視角範 微九01300148 IX. Description of the Invention: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) type liquid crystal display device. [Prior Art] Due to its advantages of lightness, thinness, and low power consumption, the liquid crystal display device is widely used in modern information equipment such as notebook computers, mobile phones, and personal digital assistants. The liquid crystal display device realizes the display function by the liquid crystal panel and the backlight device, but the backlight device is the main energy consuming device of the entire liquid crystal display device. Therefore, in order to realize energy saving demand, a liquid crystal display device that uses external ambient light as a light source, that is, reflection The liquid crystal display device has the defects that the liquid crystal molecules have a slow response speed and a narrow viewing angle range. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the liquid crystal molecules of the reflective liquid crystal display device, such as slow response speed and narrow viewing angle range, a reflective FFS type liquid crystal display device has appeared. Referring to the first figure, a reflective FFS type liquid crystal display device disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,583,842, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. 2, an alignment layer u 〇 & m, a liquid crystal layer 130, a pixel electrode 150, an insulating layer 170, and a counter electrode 19 , (c〇unter Electrode), wherein the opposite electrode 19 〇, the insulating layer 17 〇, the pixel electrode 15 〇 And the alignment layer 111 is sequentially disposed on the lower transparent substrate 1〇2, and the alignment layer 110 is adhered to the surface of the upper transparent substrate 110 with respect to the surface of the liquid crystal layer 130, and the liquid crystal layer 13 is disposed between the transparent substrates 101 and 102. . Wherein, the opposite electrode is a conductive layer uniformly distributed on the entire surface of the lower transparent substrate 102, and is made of a material having a high reflection of 1300148. A material such as metal aluminum or metal gold acts as a reflector of ambient light. When the liquid crystal display device 1 is displayed, the light source adopts external ambient light, and the display function is realized by the reflection function of the reverse electrode 19 0, and the energy saving effect can be realized; the reverse electrode 190 covers the surface of the lower transparent substrate 1〇2, It is located vertically below the pixel electrode 150. During the display process, the two electrodes 丨5〇, the generated fringe electric field (not shown) are more densely distributed, so that the liquid crystal molecules have a faster response speed and a wider viewing angle. However, in the case where the ambient light is insufficient, the liquid crystal display device 1 cannot provide sufficient brightness for the display, and the image of the face is blurred, and cannot be used in a secret room when the ambient light is severely lacking. Therefore, the liquid crystal display device 100 cannot guarantee the display quality and narrow the application range thereof. In view of this, it is necessary to provide a liquid crystal display device having a wide range of applications and ensuring display quality. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having a wide range of applications and ensuring display quality. The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device comprising: an upper transparent substrate having an alignment layer attached to a lower surface thereof; and a lower transparent substrate having a reverse electrode, an insulating layer, a pixel electrode and an alignment layer attached thereto in an upper surface, wherein the reverse The electrode and the pixel electrode generate a “edge electric field, the pixel is electrically (four) transparent conductive J material; a liquid crystal layer between the upper and lower transparent substrates; and a backlight; wherein the opposite electrode has a reflective area and penetrates a region, and a passivation layer further adhered between the lower surface of the upper transparent substrate and the alignment layer attached thereto, the passivation layer region corresponding to the reflective electrode of the reverse electrode of the lower transparent substrate, the passivation layer The thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the reflective region is one-half the thickness of the remaining portion of the liquid crystal layer. The present invention provides another liquid crystal display device comprising: an upper transparent substrate having an alignment layer attached to a lower surface thereof; and a lower transparent substrate having a reverse electrode, an insulating layer, a pixel electrode and an alignment layer attached thereto in an upper surface thereof, wherein ^ Create a fringe electric field to the electrode and the pixel electrode; a liquid crystal layer, licking the soil! Between the substrate; and a backlight, in the (4) electrode: " genus shell has reflective properties, the counter electrode is a transparent conductive material, and the lower surface of the upper transparent substrate and the alignment layer attached thereto A two-step adhesion-passivation layer is formed. The passivation layer region corresponds to the lower transparent substrate pixel region, and the liquid crystal of the inverse (four) domain is one-half of the thickness of the transferred liquid crystal layer. 8. In comparison with the prior art, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has both a reflective region and a display of the penetrating region depending on the fine emission. Light beam: The display of the inverse (four) domain depends on the ambient light. The liquid crystal display device can use the external ambient light and the light source inside the liquid crystal display device to provide light for the display of the image, and can be mainly used when the ambient light is insufficient. The light beam emitted by the back (4) reaches _ (4). When the ambient light is seriously lacking k, the backlight can be completely used. Therefore, the liquid crystal display device can ensure display quality and expand the application range of the display device in the same environment. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a passivation layer corresponding to the reflective region thereof, such that the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the reflective region is one-half the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the transmissive region, so that the optical paths of the light beams of the two regions pass through the liquid crystal layer are equal 2, having similar optical characteristics, can ensure the display quality of the liquid crystal display device 1300148. [Embodiment] Please refer to the second figure, which is a schematic diagram of a primary pixel unit of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. The liquid crystal display device 300 includes upper and lower transparent substrates 301 and 302, a liquid crystal layer 330 distributed between the transparent substrates 301 and 302, and a backlight 34〇 disposed under the lower transparent substrate 3〇2. A reverse electrode, an insulating layer 370, a pixel electrode 390, and an alignment layer 31A are sequentially attached to the upper surface of the lower transparent substrate 302. The pixel electrode 39A is a plurality of transparent straight strip-shaped structural conductors, and the insulating layer 3 7 is a transparent insulating material. The insulating electrode 350 is insulated from the pixel electrode 390. The reverse electrode 350 is a metal conductive layer distributed over the entire substrate 302, and the material thereof may be metal aluminum. The opposite electrode 350 has a reflective region 351 and a through region 3 5 3 ' corresponding to the reflective region r and the through region T of the liquid crystal display device 3 respectively. The penetrating region 353 of the counter electrode 350 has a thickness of the aluminum layer of less than 100 nm, and the thickness of the reflecting region 351 is relatively thick, and the beam irradiated thereto can be reflected. When the thickness of the aluminum layer reaches 100 nm, the light beam irradiated thereon can penetrate it, and the transmittance thereof is more than 1%, and the thinner the thickness, the greater the transmittance. An alignment layer 311 and a passivation layer 320 are attached to the lower surface of the upper transparent substrate 301. The purification layer 320 is attached to a region of the lower surface of the upper transparent substrate 3〇1 corresponding to the reflective region 351 of the counter electrode 350, and is a transparent insulating material. The alignment layer 311 is attached to the surface of the passivation layer 320 and the lower surface of the upper transparent substrate 301. The liquid crystal layer 330 is divided into a reflective area 331 and a transparent area 333, wherein the reflective area 331 corresponds to the reflective area R of the liquid crystal display device 3, and the transparent area 333 corresponds to the transparent area of the liquid crystal display device 3 T. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the reflective region 331 is one-half the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 1300148 of the transmissive region 333. When the field display device of the field is in operation, the pixel electrode 39 is located directly above the opposite electrode 350, and a fringe electric field can be generated, so that the liquid crystal molecules (not labeled) in the liquid crystal Deflection occurs in the horizontal direction. When the light beam emitted from the backlight 340 (indicated by the arrow 2) is irradiated onto the opposite electrode 35A, the thickness of the aluminum layer of the penetration region 353 of the opposite electrode 350 is less than 1 〇〇 nanometer. The portion of the light beam passing through the penetrating region 353 passes through the penetrating region 333 of the liquid crystal layer 330 to provide a light source for display, thereby realizing display of the penetration region T of the liquid crystal display device 300; when the ambient light beam (arrow 1 When not irradiated onto the reflective area 351 of the counter electrode 350, the light beam will be reflected back to the reflective area 331 of the liquid crystal layer 330 to provide another light source for display, thereby realizing display of the reflective area R of the liquid crystal display device 300. The two light sources can provide light to the liquid crystal display device 3 共同 collectively or separately. Since the thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the reflective region 331 of the liquid crystal layer 330 is one-half of the liquid crystal layer of the transparent region 333, the optical path of the ambient light passing through the reflective region 331 of the liquid crystal layer 330 and the backlight 34 are The optical path of the emitted light beam passing through the penetration region 333 of the liquid crystal layer 330 is equal, ensuring that it has similar optical characteristics, so that the display of the liquid crystal display device 3 is improved. The penetration region 353 of the counter electrode 350 has a thickness of the aluminum layer which is guaranteed to be 100 nm per day, and can be adjusted according to the actual needs of the transmittance of the display. Wherein, since the metal layer of the penetration region 353 of the opposite electrode 350 is thin, the resistance thereof is also large, and in order to reduce the resistance, the surface of the counter electrode can be coated with indium tin oxide (Indium Tin Oxide, ΙΤΟ). ) film (not shown) 1300148. Reduce its resistance. Referring to Fig. 3, there is shown a schematic diagram of a primary pixel unit of a second embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, and this embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the opposite electrode of the liquid crystal display device 4 includes a reflective region 451 and a transmissive region 453 respectively corresponding to the reflective region R and the transmissive region τ of the liquid crystal display device 4, wherein the reflective region 451 is made of a metal material. It is made, for example, of metallic aluminum, which has electrical conductivity and reflects the light beam impinging thereon, having a thickness greater than 100 nm. The penetrating region 453 is made of Ιτ〇 or indium zinc oxide (Indium Zinc 0xide) material, both of which have light transmitting properties, and can pass and illuminate the light beam emitted from the backlight 44〇. To the liquid crystal layer 43. Referring to FIG. 4, a schematic diagram of a primary pixel unit of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. The reverse electrode 550 of the liquid crystal display device 500 of the present embodiment is transparently conductive. The material is made, for example, ΙΤ0, the light beam emitted from the backlight 54〇 is passed through and irradiated to the liquid crystal layer 53〇; the pixel electrode 590 is made of a metal material such as metal aluminum, which can reflect the light beam irradiated thereon; A passivation layer 520 is attached to the upper transparent substrate 5〇1. The passivation layer 52 is disposed in a region corresponding to the pixel electrode 59. The reflection region R and the penetration region Τ of the liquid crystal display device correspond to the non-overlapping regions of the pixel electrode 590 and the opposite electrode 55 and the pixel electrode 590, respectively. In this embodiment, the surface of the pixel electrode 590 can be shaped to have a plurality of protrusions (not shown), which can scatter the ambient light irradiated on the outer surface and increase the exit angle of the reflected light to expand the viewing angle. effect. Please refer to the fifth figure, which is a schematic diagram of a primary pixel unit of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The paste iarl. The rich yoke is substantially the same as the first embodiment. 'However, the passivation layer (4) and the alignment layer 6 = the shape of the dry protrusion (not shown), when the outer ring;: to = coffee, the protrusion can The range of the angle of emergence of the reflected light that illuminates the light is also increased, and the angle of view is slightly zero.
上述各實施方式中，採用正向型或負向型液晶分子均 可，像素電極村採用曲線條狀，反向電極之穿透區域與 反射區域之面積比例可根據需要任意調整。 綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，爱依法 :出專利申明。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施方 “，發日狀職並^以上述實施方式為限，舉凡熟悉本 案技連之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化， 皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍内。In each of the above embodiments, a positive-type or a negative-type liquid crystal molecule can be used, and the pixel electrode village adopts a curved strip shape, and the ratio of the area of the penetration area of the opposite electrode to the reflection area can be arbitrarily adjusted as needed. In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and loves the law: a patent declaration. However, the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is intended to be equivalent to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art will be able to make equivalent modifications or changes in accordance with the spirit of the present invention. , should be covered by the following patent application.
【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係先前技術液晶顯示裝置之示意圖。 第二圖係本發明液晶顯示裝置第一實施方式之一次像素單 位示意圖。 第圖係本發明液晶顯示裝置第二實施方式之一次像素單 位示意圖。 第四圖係本發明液晶顯示裝置第三實施方式之一次像素單 位不意圖。 第五圖係本發明液晶顯示裝置第四實施方式之一次像素單 12 1300148 位示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 液晶顯不裝置 300 、 400 、 上透明基底 301 > 501 配向層 310 、 311 、 鈍化層 320 、 520 、 液晶層 330 、 430 、 背光源 340 、 440 、 反向電極 350 、 450 、 反射區域 33卜 351 絕緣層 370 光束 卜2 500 、 600 下透明基底 302 611 620 530 540 550 穿透區域 333、353 像素電極 390、590BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a schematic diagram of a prior art liquid crystal display device. The second drawing is a schematic diagram of a primary pixel unit of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. The figure is a schematic diagram of a primary pixel unit of a second embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. The fourth figure is not intended to be a single pixel unit of the third embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. The fifth figure is a schematic diagram of a primary pixel single 12 1300 148 bit of the fourth embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] LCD display device 300, 400, upper transparent substrate 301 > 501 alignment layers 310, 311, passivation layers 320, 520, liquid crystal layers 330, 430, backlights 340, 440, reverse electrodes 350, 450, reflective area 33 351 insulating layer 370 beam 2 500, 600 lower transparent substrate 302 611 620 530 540 550 penetration area 333, 353 pixel electrode 390, 590
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