TWI392389B - Time-division duplex operation in wireless communication systems - Google Patents

Description

Time-division duplex operation in wireless communication systems

The following describes a large system with respect to a wireless communication system and, more specifically, a frame structure agreement that facilitates efficient communication.

The present application claims the title of "FRAME STRUCTURE OPERATION IN COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS" and the US Provisional Patent Application No. 61/019,571, filed on Jan. 7, 2008, the entire contents of This is incorporated herein by reference.

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, material, and the like. Such systems may be multiple access systems capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (eg, bandwidth and transmission power). Examples of such multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, and 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) including E-UTRA. System and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems.

An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system effectively divides the total system bandwidth into a plurality (N _F ) of subcarriers, which may also be referred to as a frequency subchannel, a carrier tone, or a frequency group. For an OFDM system, the data to be transmitted (i.e., information bits) is first encoded with a particular coding scheme to produce encoded bits, and the encoded bits are further grouped to be subsequently mapped to The multi-bit symbol of the modulation symbol. Each modulation symbol corresponds to a point in the signal star map defined by a particular modulation scheme for data transmission (eg, M-PSK or M-QAM). In the visible bandwidth of each frequency subcarrier of each time interval specified, it can be on each of the N _F frequency subcarriers of transmission modulation symbols. Thus, OFDM can be used to combat inter-symbol interference (ISI) caused by frequency selective degradation, which is characterized by different amounts of attenuation in the system bandwidth.

In general, a wireless multiple access communication system can simultaneously support communication with a plurality of wireless terminals communicating with one or more base stations via transmissions on the forward and reverse links. The forward link (or downlink) refers to the communication link from the base station to the terminal, and the reverse link (or uplink) refers to the communication link from the terminal to the base station. This communication link can be established via a single-input single-output, multiple-input single-output or multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system.

A MIMO system uses multiple (NT) transmit antennas and multiple (NR) receive antennas for data transmission. A MIMO channel formed by NT transmit antennas and NR receive antennas may be decomposed into NS independent channels, which are also referred to as spatial channels, wherein . Typically, each of the NS independent pass frequencies corresponds to a dimension. The MIMO system can provide improved performance (e.g., higher throughput and/or greater reliability) if the additional dimensions generated by multiple transmit and receive antennas are utilized. The MIMO system also supports Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems. In a TDD system, the forward link transmission and the reverse link transmission are on the same frequency region, such that the reciprocity principle allows the forward link channel to be estimated from the reverse link channel. This enables the access point to extract the transmit beamforming gain on the forward link when multiple antennas are available at the access point.

One common application in wireless systems is uplink and downlink communication between a base station and a wireless device. In such cases, there is no need for overlap between signals when one component is transmitting and the other is receiving. In other words, there should be no simultaneous transmissions by the components involved in the downlink or uplink, as one component should be receiving and the other transmitting. As communication technologies progress, current agreement systems may allow for this overlap that is not ideal.

A simplified summary is presented below to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the claimed subject matter. This Summary is not an extensive overview and is not intended to identify key/primary elements or the scope of the claimed subject matter. The sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified

Systems and methods enhance frame structure protocol for optimal use of uplink and downlink channels in a wireless communication system. In one example, such protocol enhancements can be used in an efficient manner with long term evolution (LTE) systems that also maintain compatibility with existing time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems. A guard period is provided during the transmission interval of the radio frame structure to facilitate efficient switching between the downlink and uplink channels. The guard period is used to prevent or mitigate overlap between the transmitting and receiving wireless devices (eg, to prevent simultaneous transmission of two communication devices). These periods can be automatically configured or manually configured by the user to allow for efficient deployment of a given wireless cell while mitigating overlapping transmission periods during transitions between the downlink and uplink intervals. In an example, the guard period may be assigned for the uplink portion of the downlink portion of the transmission interval, the interval, and an additional guard period may be inserted between the respective uplink and downlink portions. In addition, the optimal uplink to downlink ratio can be specified and configured to increase the efficiency of wireless communications.

In order to achieve the foregoing and related ends, certain illustrative aspects are described herein in conjunction with the following description. However, such aspects are indicative of only a few of the various embodiments of the principles of the claimed subject matter, and the claimed subject matter is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. Other advantages and novel features will become apparent from the following embodiments.

Systems and methods are provided that facilitate conversion between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of a wireless communication. In one aspect, a method provides a radio frame protocol. The method includes communicating a transmission interval that facilitates switching between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of one of the wireless communication channels. The method uses one or more guard periods during the transmission interval to mitigate an overlap of transmission frequencies between the downlink and the uplink portion of the wireless communication channel.

Referring now to Figure 1 , system 100 uses a guard period to facilitate the transition between the uplink and downlink portions of wireless network 110. System 100 includes a base station 120 (also referred to as an evolved Node B or eNB) that can be an entity capable of communicating over wireless network 110 to a second device 130 (or device). For example, each device 130 can be an access terminal (also referred to as a terminal, user device, or mobile device). Each of components 120 and 130 includes a frame protocol component 140 and 150, respectively, wherein the protocol component is provided to improve the efficiency of communication over network 110. As shown, base station 120 communicates to device 130 via downlink 160 and receives data via uplink 170. This reference to the uplink and downlink is arbitrary, as the device 130 can also transmit data via the downlink and receive data via the uplink channel. It should be noted that although two components 120 and 130 are shown, more than two components can be used on the network 110, wherein such additional components can also be adapted to the frame structure conventions described herein.

As shown, one or more guard periods 180 are used for optimal use of the downlink and uplink channels 160 and 170 in the wireless communication system 100. In one example, frame protocol components 140 and 150 can be used in an efficient manner with long term evolution (LTE) systems that also maintain compatibility with existing time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems. . The guard period 180 is provided in one of the transmission intervals of a radio frame structure (described below) to facilitate efficient switching between the downlink and uplink channels 160 and 170. The guard period 180 is used to prevent or mitigate overlap between the transmitting and receiving wireless devices (e.g., to prevent the two communication devices 120 and 130 from transmitting at similar times). These periods 180 may be automatically configured or manually configured by the user to allow for efficient deployment of a given wireless cell or network 110 while mitigating overlapping transmission periods during transitions between the downlink and uplink intervals. . In an example, a guard period 180 can be assigned for the uplink portion of the downlink portion of the transmission interval, and an additional protection period can be inserted between the respective uplink and downlink portions. In addition, the optimal uplink to downlink ratio can be specified and configured to increase the efficiency of wireless communications.

In general, the frame protocol components 140, 150 support the various aspects illustrated and described in more detail below with respect to Figures 2 through 4. This includes systems and methods that provide a radio frame protocol 140, 150 that facilitates transmission intervals that facilitate switching between the downlink portion 160 and the uplink portion 170 of the wireless communication channel. The methods use one or more guard periods during the transmission interval to mitigate the overlap of transmission frequencies between the downlink and the uplink portion of the wireless communication channel. The guard period 180 includes a configurable time reservation including at least one downlink pilot transmission structure (DwPTS). These guard periods 180 also include at least one Uplink Pilot Transmission Structure (UpPTS) and can be configured for a total period of, for example, about one millisecond.

The guard period 180 can be configured to repeat periodically at about five or ten milliseconds. For example, cycle 180 can be configured as two special time slots associated with eight traffic time slots during an interval of about ten milliseconds. This includes configuring the ratio of downlink (d) to uplink (u) (d: u) including, for example, 4:4, 5:3, 6:2, or 3:5. In another aspect, for example, the guard period 180 can be configured as a special time slot associated with nine traffic time slots during an interval of about ten milliseconds. In this example, for example, the ratio of downlink (d) to uplink (u) (d: u) may include 5:4, 6:3, 7:2, or 4:5.

In yet another aspect, the transmission interval (described and described below) is about five milliseconds and can include at least eight traffic time slots and at least five subframes. For example, in addition to the primary synchronization signal (PSS) or the secondary synchronization signal (SSS), the time slots may further include at least one of a packet data control channel (PDCCH) or a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The time slots may also include one or more resource blocks for one of the eight traffic time slots. As noted previously, such transmission intervals, special time slots, traffic time slots, sub-frames, and the like, are described and described in greater detail below with respect to FIGS. 2 through 4.

Note that the system 100 can be used with an access terminal or mobile device and can be, for example, a module such as an SD card, a network card, a wireless network card, a computer (including a laptop, a table) A top-level, personal digital assistant PDA), a mobile phone, a smart phone, or any other suitable terminal that can be used to access the network. The terminal accesses the network through an access component (not shown). In an example, the connection between the terminal and the access component can be wireless in nature, wherein the access component can be a base station and the mobile device is a wireless terminal. For example, the terminal and the base station can communicate via any suitable wireless protocol including, but not limited to, time division multiple access (TDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division. Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), FLASH OFDM, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) or any other suitable protocol.

The access component can be an access node associated with a wired or wireless network. To this end, the access component can be, for example, a router, a switch, or the like. The access component can include one or more interfaces (e.g., communication modules) for communicating with other network nodes. In addition, the access component can be a base station (or wireless access point) in a cellular network in which a wireless coverage area is provided to a plurality of users using a base station (or wireless access point). These base stations (or wireless access points) can be configured to provide adjacent coverage areas to one or more cellular phones and/or other wireless terminals.

Turning to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is an example diagram 200 of a transmission interval using a guard period to mitigate frequency overlap between uplink and downlink communications. For the sake of brevity, various abbreviations are used, and a detailed list of abbreviations can be found at the end of this specification. In general, eight traffic time slots and three special time slots are configured during an instance transmission interval 210. The traffic time slots may include OFDM nomenclature similar to Frequency Division Duplex (FDD). The special time slot includes a downlink pilot transmission structure (DwPTS) 220, a guard period (GP) 230, and an uplink pilot transmission structure (UpPTS), which can be configured in about 1 millisecond (ms). 220, 230 and 240 combination. Therefore, the individual lengths are configurable and the primary synchronization (PSC) is typically the first symbol of the DwPTS 220. The secondary synchronization (SSC) is typically the last symbol of subframe 0 described below. UpPTS 240 and DwPTS 220 may be used for efficient resource utilization, where guard period 230 is used to help absorb both DL→UL and UL→DL handovers between communication devices.

In general, subframe zero (SF0) precedes the downlink portion, and the time slot after the UpPTS includes the uplink portion. Typically, there is a single DL→UL switch at the 10ms limit, but more than one switch can be configured to occur. In one aspect, the eNB adjusts the timing incorporated in the guard period 230. In another aspect, the data transmitter (DTX) is used roughly 1 OFDM symbol of ms switching time. The first special time slot at 220 may include a lower downlink PSC (in 1.25 MHz) in the first OFDM symbol. This also allows the use of resource assignments.

Some of the attributes of DwPTS include 1.4 MHz operation by the first symbol PSC. Other symbols include PDSCH>1.4MHz, where the first symbol: 1.25MHz PSC, and the remaining bandwidth: PDSCH, D-BCH (to solve other timing problems). Other aspects include utilizing resource blocks (RBs) in the DwPTS. This includes a separate PDCCH potentially having a maximum span of 1, which can alleviate the need for PHICH or PCFICH. The resource block of SF0 can be extended to DwPTS.

With regard to UpPTS, physical layer random access bursts can be provided by short bursts (eg, 25 ms (768 Ts) before the UpPTS). The regular/extended period may include the beginning of alignment with the beginning of the UL subframe, where more sequence sequences may be used, for example, allowing up to 16 sequence sequences. This burst can use the remaining resources for PUSCH/PUCCH if needed. One option includes assigning only the transmitting PUCCH to the user, thus providing better tolerance to changes in the RACH. In another aspect, the UpPTS can be eliminated, in which case the RACH in a subframe is provided after the UpPTS, and the SRS in the FDD protocol can be used. UpPTS can also be used for SRS and sub-frames after using UpPTS for RACH. For example, this can include TDM, IFDM, and LFDM. In another aspect, the UL/DL configuration can be limited (extended) for testing, delay, feedback, HARQ processes, asymmetry issues, UL control, transition frequency, frequency hopping, and UL add-on.

With regard to HARQ, many processes can be considered, including retransmission latency, receiver buffering requirements, and timeline based transmitter/receiver complexity. This includes providing manageable implementation complexity, processing power, and ACK multiplex (including asymmetry) on UL. The timing may include 3ms processing time for the UE and the eNB, supported cell size, and DTX/DRX considerations, in which case the synchronization operation may reduce additional items. The UL power control may include interference management, sounding reference signals (where SRS support at the eNB is optional). The PUCCH structure includes modulation for orthogonal coverage of modulation, for orthogonal demodulation of demodulated RS, and mapping to physical resources.

Referring to FIG. 3 , an example detailed transmission interval 300 for using a guard period to mitigate frequency overlap between uplink and downlink communications is illustrated. As shown, subframe zero 310 precedes DwPTS period 320, guard period 330, UpPTS period 340 (followed by subframe two 350). The DwPTS cycle includes a control portion 360 and a data portion 370, and is also before the primary synchronization signal (PSS) 380 and after the secondary synchronization signal (SSS) 390. Some example parameters include DwPTS length: for example, regular CP: 3-14 OFDM symbols, subframe 1: maximum 12; extended CP: 3-12 OFDM symbols, and subframe 1: maximum 10. The PSS is transmitted on the third OFDM symbol of subframes 1 and 6. PDCCH span: for example, 1 or 2 OFDM symbols. The data transmitted after the control area can be similar to the DL subframe. A data entity resource block (PRB) usually does not include a PSS. The cell specific RS pattern is similar to other DL subframes.

The guard period 330 can be configured to support support for configuration of, for example, a 100 km cell radius, where regular CP: 1-10 OFDM symbols, and extended CP: 1-8 OFDM symbols. For example, the guard period may include 1-2 OFDM symbols. UpPTS 340 is typically 1 or 2 OFDM symbols in duration, with 1 symbol being used for SRS only, and two symbols being used for SRS on 1 or 2 symbols with short RACH.

Referring to Figure 4 , an example acquisition period 400 is illustrated that uses a guard period to mitigate frequency overlap between uplink and downlink communications. As shown, a typical period 410 can be about 10 milliseconds and includes 10 subframes (0 through 9). The sub-frames can be divided into a traffic time slot and a special time slot providing the above protection period. The guard period is shown at 420 in subframe 1 and at 430 in subframe 6. The traffic time slot may include conventional cycle pre-positions at 440 and 442, and/or extensions at 450 and 452. The preambles may include, for example, a PDCCH (shown as C on the graph), a PSS (shown as P on the graph), SS1 (represented as S1 on the graph), SS2 (represented as S2 on the graph), and PBCH (represented as B on the graph). Resource blocks are also available.

Referring now to Figure 5 , a wireless communication method 500 is illustrated. Although the method (and other methods described herein) is shown and described as a series of acts for the purpose of simplicity of the explanation, it should be understood and understood that the methods are not limited by the order of the For example, some acts may occur in an order different from the order shown and described herein and/or concurrent with other acts. For example, those skilled in the art will understand and appreciate that a method can be alternatively represented as a series of related states or events, such as in a state diagram. In addition, not all illustrated acts may be used to implement a method in accordance with the claimed subject matter.

Beginning at 510, a transmission interval of about five milliseconds can be defined (as previously described). Typically, two transmission intervals include an acquisition period of approximately ten milliseconds. At 520, the guard period is associated with the transmission interval. As noted previously, these may include a DwPTS, a guard period (GP) therebetween, and an UpPTS. As noted above, the guard period can be configured to repeat periodically at approximately five or ten milliseconds. For example, the period (DwPTS, GP, UpPTS) can be configured as two special time slots associated with eight traffic time slots during an interval of about ten milliseconds. This includes configuring the ratio of downlink (d) to uplink (u) (d: u) including, for example, 4:4, 5:3, 6:2, or 3:5. In another aspect, for example, the guard period can be configured as a special time slot associated with nine traffic time slots during an interval of about ten milliseconds. In this example, for example, the ratio of downlink (d) to uplink (u) (d: u) may include 5:4, 6:3, 7:2, or 4:5. At 530, the protection period is configured to suit the particular application at hand. For example, if fewer devices are involved, a shorter protection period can be configured. These periods can be manually configured at the base station or UE and/or can be automatically configured by the detected application or situation. At 540, the guard period is used to mitigate frequency overlap during the transition period between the downlink and uplink channels of the respective wireless communication component (e.g., base station and UE).

The techniques described herein can be implemented by a variety of means. For example, such techniques can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For hardware implementations, the processing unit can be implemented in one or more special application integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic A device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, other electronic units designed to perform the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. In the case of software, modules (eg, programs, functions, etc.) that can perform the functions described herein can be implemented. The software code can be stored in the memory unit and executed by the processor.

Turning now to Figures 6 and 7 , a system for wireless signal processing is provided. The systems are represented as a series of related functional blocks that can represent functions implemented by a processor, software, hardware, firmware, or any suitable combination thereof.

Referring to Figure 6 , a wireless communication system 600 is provided. System 600 includes a logic module 602 for generating a transmission interval that includes one or more special cycles that are adapted to mitigate frequency overlap between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of the wireless communication. System 600 also includes a logic module 604 for configuring a special cycle and a logic module 606 for configuring the ratio between the downlink portion and the uplink portion of the wireless communication.

Referring to Figure 7 , a wireless communication system 700 is provided. System 700 includes a logic module 702 for receiving a transmission interval that includes one or more special cycles adapted to facilitate switching between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of the wireless communication. System 700 also includes a logic module 704 for configuring special cycles and a logic module 706 for configuring the ratio between the downlink portion and the uplink portion of the wireless communication.

FIG. 8 illustrates a communication device 800, which may be a wireless communication device, such as a wireless terminal. Additionally or alternatively, communication device 800 can reside within a wired network. Communication device 800 can include a memory 802 that can retain instructions for performing signal analysis in a wireless communication terminal. Additionally, communication device 800 can include a processor 804 that can execute instructions within memory 802 and/or instructions received from another network device, wherein the instructions can be related to configuring or operating the communication device 800 or an associated communication device.

Referring to Figure 9 , a multiple access wireless communication system 900 is illustrated. The multiple access wireless communication system 900 includes a plurality of cells, including cells 902, 904, and 906. In the aspect of system 900, cells 902, 904, and 906 can include a Node B that includes a plurality of sectors. The plurality of sectors may be formed by a number of antenna groups, wherein each antenna is responsible for communicating with UEs in a portion of the cell. For example, in cell 902, antenna groups 912, 914, and 916 can each correspond to a different sector. In cell 904, antenna groups 918, 920, and 922 each correspond to a different sector. In cell 906, antenna groups 924, 926, and 928 each correspond to a different sector. Cells 902, 904, and 906 can include a number of wireless communication devices, such as user equipment or UEs, that can communicate with one or more sectors of each of cells 902, 904, and 906. For example, UEs 930 and 932 can communicate with Node B 942, UEs 934 and 936 can communicate with Node B 944, and UEs 938 and 940 can communicate with Node B 946.

Referring now to Figure 10, a multiple access wireless communication system in accordance with an aspect is illustrated. An access point 1000 (AP) includes a plurality of antenna groups, one antenna group includes 1004 and 1006, another antenna group includes 1008 and 1010, and an additional antenna group includes 1012 and 1014. In Figure 10, for each antenna group, only two antennas are shown, however, for each antenna group, more or fewer antennas may be utilized. Access terminal 1016 (AT) is in communication with antennas 1012 and 1014, in which case antennas 1012 and 1014 transmit information to access terminal 1016 on forward link 1020 and on reverse link 1018. The access terminal 1016 receives the information. The access terminal 1022 communicates with the antennas 1006 and 1008, in which case the antennas 1006 and 1008 transmit information to the access terminal 1022 on the forward link 1026 and the self-access terminal on the reverse link 1024. The machine 1022 receives the information. In an FDD system, communication links 1018, 1020, 1024, and 1026 can use different frequencies for communication. For example, forward link 1020 can use a different frequency than that used by reverse link 1018.

The area in which each antenna group and/or the antennas are designed to communicate is often referred to as the sector of the access point. Each of the antenna groups is designed to communicate with an access terminal within a sector of the area covered by access point 1000. In communications over forward links 1020 and 1026, the transmit antennas of access point 1000 can utilize beamforming to improve the signal to interference ratio of the forward links of different access terminals 1016 and 1022. In addition, the access point is transmitted by beamforming to an access terminal that is randomly dispersed within its coverage, resulting in access to the access terminal in the neighboring cell, as compared to the access point being transmitted to all of its access terminals via a single antenna. Less interference from the machine. An access point may be a fixed station used to communicate with a terminal, and may also be referred to as an access point, a Node B, or some other terminology. An access terminal may also be referred to as an access terminal, user equipment (UE), a wireless communication device, a terminal, an access terminal, or some other terminology.

Referring to Figure 11 , system 1100 illustrates a transmitter system 1110 (also referred to as an access point) and a receiver system 1150 (also referred to as an access terminal) in a MIMO system 1100. At the transmitter system 1110, traffic data for a number of data streams is provided from a data source 1112 to a transmission (TX) data processor 1114. Each data stream is transmitted on a separate transmission antenna. The TX data processor 1114 formats, codes, and interleaves the traffic data of the data stream based on a particular coding scheme selected for each data stream to provide coded data.

OFDM technology can be used to multiplex the encoded data and pilot data for each data stream. The pilot data is typically a known data pattern that is processed in a known manner and can be used at the receiver system to estimate channel response. The multiplexed pilot of the data stream is then modulated (ie, symbol mapped) based on a particular modulation scheme (eg, BPSK, QPSK, M-PSK, or M-QAM) selected for each data stream. And encoding data to provide modulation symbols. The data transfer rate, encoding, and modulation of each data stream can be determined by instructions executed by processor 1130.

The modulation symbols for all data streams are then provided to a TX MIMO processor 1120, which may further process the modulated symbols (eg, for OFDM). TX MIMO processor 1120 then provides NT modulated symbol streams to NT transmitters (TMTR) 1122a through 1122t. In some embodiments, TX MIMO processor 1120 applies beamforming weights to the symbols of the data stream and to the antenna of the transmitted symbol.

Each transmitter 1122 receives and processes a respective symbol stream to provide one or more analog signals, and further conditions (e.g., amplifies, filters, and upconverts) the analog signals to provide modulation suitable for transmission over a MIMO channel. Signal. NT modulated signals from transmitters 1122a through 1122t are then transmitted from NT antennas 1124a through 1124t, respectively.

At receiver system 1150, the transmitted modulated signals are received by NR antennas 1152a through 1152r and the received signals from each antenna 1152 are provided to respective receivers (RCVR) 1154a through 1154r. Each receiver 1154 conditions (eg, filters, amplifies, and downconverts) the respective received signals, digitizes the conditioned signals to provide samples, and further processes the samples to provide a corresponding "received" symbol stream. .

The RX data processor 1160 then receives the NR received symbol streams from the NR receivers 1154 and processes the symbol streams based on a particular receiver processing technique to provide NR "detected" symbol streams. The RX data processor 1160 then demodulates, deinterleaves, and decodes each detected symbol stream to recover the traffic data for the data stream. The processing performed by RX data processor 1160 is complementary to the processing performed by TX MIMO processor 1120 and TX data processor 1114 at transmitter system 1110.

Processor 1170 periodically determines which precoding matrix to use (discussed below). Processor 1170 formulates a reverse link message comprising a matrix index (MATRIX INDEX) portion and a rank value (RANK VALUE) portion. The reverse link message may contain various types of information about the communication link and/or the data stream received. The reverse link message is then processed by TX data processor 1138 (which also receives traffic data from a plurality of data streams of data source 1136), modulated by modulator 1180, adjusted by transmitters 1154a through 1154r, and transmitted back. To the transmitter system 1110.

At transmitter system 1110, the modulated signal from receiver system 1150 is received by antenna 1124, regulated by receiver 1122, demodulated by demodulation transformer 1140, and processed by RX data processor 1142 for extraction by reception. The reverse link message transmitted by the system 1150. Processor 1130 then determines which precoding matrix to use to determine beamforming weights, and then processes the extracted messages.

In one aspect, logical channels are classified into control channels and traffic channels. The logical control channel contains a Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), which is a DL channel for broadcasting system control information. The paging control channel (PCCH) is a DL channel for transmitting paging information. The Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) is a point-to-multipoint DL channel for transmitting multimedia broadcast and multicast service (MBMS) scheduling and control information for one or several MTCHs. Usually, after the RRC connection is established, this channel is only used by the UE receiving the MBMS (Note: the old MCCH+MSCH). The Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) is a point-to-point bi-directional channel that transmits dedicated control information and is used by UEs having an RRC connection. The logical traffic channel includes a dedicated traffic channel (DTCH), which is a point-to-point two-way channel dedicated to a UE for transmission of user information. In addition, the Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH) is used for point-to-multipoint DL channels for transmitting traffic data.

The delivery channels are classified into DL and UL. The DL transport channel includes a broadcast channel (BCH), a downlink shared data channel (DL-SDCH), and a paging channel (PCH), and the PCH is used to support the UE to save power (the DRX cycle is indicated by the network to the UE), and the entire cell Broadcast and map to PHY resources (which can be used for other control/traffic channels). The UL transport channel includes a random access channel (RACH), a request channel (REQCH), an uplink shared data channel (UL-SDCH), and a plurality of PHY channels. The PHY channels include a set of DL channels and UL channels.

The DL PHY channel contains:

Common Pilot Channel (CPICH)

Synchronization channel (SCH)

Common Control Channel (CCCH)

Shared DL Control Channel (SDCCH)

Multicast Control Channel (MCCH)

Shared UL Assigned Channel (SUACH)

Confirmation channel (ACKCH)

DL entity shared data channel (DL-PSDCH)

UL Power Control Channel (UPCCH)

Paging Indicator Channel (PICH)

Load indicator channel (LICH)

The UL PHY channel includes:

Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)

Channel Quality Indicator Channel (CQICH)

Confirmation channel (ACKCH)

Antenna Subset Indicator Channel (ASICH)

Shared request channel (SREQCH)

UL entity shared data channel (UL-PSDCH)

Broadband Pilot Channel (BPICH)

Other terms include: 3G third generation, 3GPP third generation partner program, ACLR adjacent channel leakage ratio, ACPR adjacent channel power ratio, ACS adjacent channel selectivity, ADS advanced design system, AMC adaptive modulation and coding, A -MPR extra maximum power reduction, ARQ automatic repeat request, BCCH broadcast control channel, BTS base transceiver station, CDD cyclic delay diversity, CCDF complementary cumulative distribution function, CDMA code division multiple access, CFI control format indicator, Co-MIMO cooperation MIMO, CP loop preamble, CPICH common pilot channel, CPRI common public radio interface, CQI channel quality indicator, CRC cyclic redundancy check, DCI downlink control indicator, DFT discrete Fourier transform, DFT-SOFDM discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM, DL downlink (base station to user transmission), DL-SCH downlink shared channel, D-PHY 500Mbps physical layer, DSP digital signal processing, DT development toolbox, DVSA digital vector signal analysis, EDA Electronic design automation, E-DCH enhanced dedicated channel, E-UTRAN evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network, eMBMS evolved multimedia broadcast multicast service, eNB Node B, EPC Evolved packet core, EPRE energy resource elements of each, ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute, E-UTRA Evolved UTRA, E-UTRAN Evolved UTRAN, EVM Error vector magnitude and frequency division duplex FDD.

Other terms include: FFT fast Fourier transform, FRC fixed reference channel, FS1 frame structure type 1, FS2 frame structure type 2, GSM global mobile communication system, HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request, HDL hardware description language, HI HARQ indication , HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access, HSPA High Speed Packet Access, HSUPA High Speed Uplink Packet Access, IFFT Reverse FFT, IOT Interoperability Test, IP Internet Protocol, LO Local Oscillator, LTE Long Term Evolution, MAC Media Access Control, MBMS Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service, MBSFN Multicast/Broadcast on Single Frequency Network, MCH Multicast Channel, MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output, MISO Multiple Input Single Output, MME Mobility Management Entity, MOP maximum output power, MPR maximum power reduction, MU-MIMO multi-user MIMO, NAS non-access level, OBSAI open base station architecture interface, OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access, PAPR Peak-to-average power ratio, PAR peak-to-average ratio, PBCH entity broadcast channel, P-CCPCH master common control entity channel, PCFICH entity control format indicator channel, PCH paging channel, PDCCH entity Link control channel, PDCP packet data aggregation protocol, PDSCH entity downlink shared channel, PHICH entity hybrid ARQ indicator channel, PHY entity layer, PRACH entity random access channel, PMCH entity multicast channel, PMI precoding matrix indicator , P-SCH primary synchronization signal, PUCCH physical uplink control channel, and PUSCH physical uplink shared channel.

Other terms include: QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, RACH Random Access Channel, RAT Radio Access Technology, RB Resource Block, RF, RFDE RF Design Environment, RLC Radio Link Control, RMC reference measurement channel, RNC radio network controller, RRC radio resource control, RRM radio resource management, RS reference signal, RSCP received signal code power, RSRP reference signal received power, RSRQ reference signal reception quality, RSSI received signal strength indication , SAE system architecture evolution, SAP service access point, SC-FDMA single carrier division multiple access, SFBC space-frequency block coding, S-GW servo gateway, SIMO single input multiple output, SISO single input list Output, SNR signal-to-noise ratio, SRS sounding reference signal, S-SCH secondary synchronization signal, SU-MIMO single user MIMO, TDD time division duplex, TDMA time division multiple access, TR technology report, TrCH transmission channel, TS technology Specification, TTA Telecommunications Technology Association, TTI Transmission Time Interval, UCI Uplink Control Indicator, UE User Equipment, UL Uplink (User to Base Station Transmission), UL-SCH Uplink Shared Channel, UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband, UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, UTRA Universal Land Radio Access, UTRAN Universal Land Radio Access Network, VSA Vector Signal Analyzer, W-CDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access.

It should be noted that various aspects are described herein in connection with a terminal. Terminals may also be referred to as systems, user devices, subscriber units, subscriber stations, mobile stations, mobile devices, remote stations, remote terminals, access terminals, user terminals, user agents or users. device. The user device can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless zone loop (WLL) station, a PDA, a palm-connected device with wireless connectivity, a module in the terminal, and can be attached to the host. The device is either a card integrated into the host device (eg, a PCMCIA card) or other processing device connected to the wireless data processor.

In addition, the claimed subject matter can be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques to produce a software, a firmware, a hardware, or any combination thereof, thereby controlling the implementation of a computer or computing component. Various aspects of the subject matter. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer readable device, carrier, or media. By way of example, computer readable media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (eg, hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic strips, etc.), optical disks (eg, compact discs (CD), digital Universal Disc (DVD)...), smart cards and flash memory devices (eg cards, sticks, key drives...). In addition, it should be appreciated that a carrier wave can be used to carry computer readable electronic material, such as computer readable electronic data for use in transmitting and receiving voice mail or in accessing a network such as a cellular network. Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that many modifications can be made to this configuration without departing from the scope or spirit of the subject matter described herein.

What has been described above includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methods for the purpose of describing the foregoing embodiments, but those skilled in the art will recognize that many other combinations and permutations of various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the described embodiments are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and Furthermore, to the extent that the term "comprising" is used in the context of the application or the scope of the application, the term is intended to be inclusive, in a manner similar to when the "comprising" is used as a transitional word in the scope of the patent application. The term "contains".

100. . . Wireless communication system

110. . . Wireless network

120. . . Base station, device

130. . . Device

140. . . Frame protocol component

150. . . Frame protocol component

160. . . Downlink

170. . . Uplink

180. . . Protection period

200. . . Instance diagram

210. . . Transmission interval

220. . . Downlink pilot transmission structure (DwPTS)

230. . . Protection period (GP)

240. . . Uplink pilot transmission structure (UpPTS)

300. . . Transmission interval

310. . . Sub frame zero

320. . . DwPTS cycle

330. . . Protection period

340. . . UpPTS cycle

350. . . Child frame two

360. . . Control section

370. . . Data section

380. . . Primary synchronization signal (PSS)

390. . . Secondary synchronization signal (SSS)

400. . . Instance acquisition cycle

410. . . Typical cycle

420. . . Protection period

430. . . Protection period

440. . . Conventional loop preamble

442. . . Conventional loop preamble

450. . . Extend the pre-item

452. . . Extend the pre-item

600. . . Wireless communication system

602. . . Logic module for generating a transmission interval including one or more special cycles adapted to mitigate frequency overlap between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of wireless communication

604. . . Logic module for configuring special cycles

606. . . Logic module for configuring the ratio between the downlink portion and the uplink portion of the wireless communication

700. . . Wireless communication system

702. . . A logic module for receiving a transmission interval including one or more special cycles adapted to facilitate switching between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of the wireless communication

704. . . Logic module for configuring special cycles

706. . . Logic module for configuring the ratio between the downlink portion and the uplink portion of the wireless communication

800. . . Communication device

802. . . Memory

804. . . processor

900. . . Multiple access wireless communication system

902. . . Community

904. . . Community

906. . . Community

912. . . Antenna group

914. . . Antenna group

916. . . Antenna group

918. . . Antenna group

920. . . Antenna group

922. . . Antenna group

924. . . Antenna group

926. . . Antenna group

928. . . Antenna group

930. . . UE

932. . . UE

934. . . UE

936. . . UE

938. . . UE

940. . . UE

942. . . Node B

944. . . Node B

946. . . Node B

1000. . . Access point

1004. . . antenna

1006. . . antenna

1008. . . antenna

1010. . . antenna

1012. . . antenna

1014. . . antenna

1016. . . Access terminal

1018. . . Reverse link

1020. . . Forward link

1022. . . Access terminal

1024. . . Reverse link

1026. . . Forward link

1100. . . MIMO system

1110. . . Transmitter system

1112. . . Data source

1114. . . Transmission (TX) data processor

1120. . . TX MIMO processor

1122A. . . Transmitter/receiver

1122T. . . Transmitter/receiver

1124A. . . antenna

1124T. . . antenna

1130. . . processor

1136. . . Data source

1138. . . TX data processor

1140. . . Demodulation transformer

1142. . . RX data processor

1150. . . Receiver system

1152a. . . antenna

1152r. . . antenna

1154a. . . Receiver/transmitter

1154r. . . Receiver/transmitter

1160. . . RX data processor

1170. . . processor

1180. . . Modulator

1 is a high level block diagram of a system that uses a guard period to facilitate conversion between the uplink and downlink portions of a wireless broadcast.

2 illustrates a high level diagram of a transmission interval that uses a guard period to mitigate frequency overlap between uplink and downlink communications.

3 illustrates a detailed diagram of one example transmission interval using a guard period to mitigate frequency overlap between uplink and downlink communications.

4 illustrates a detailed diagram of an instance acquisition period using a guard period to mitigate frequency overlap between uplink and downlink communications.

Figure 5 illustrates one method of wireless communication utilizing a frame structure agreement to facilitate switching between uplink and downlink communications.

Figure 6 illustrates an example logic module for a frame structure agreement.

Figure 7 illustrates an example logic module for an alternate frame structure agreement.

Figure 8 illustrates an example communication device using a frame structure protocol.

Figure 9 illustrates a multiple access wireless communication system.

Figures 10 and 11 illustrate an example communication system that can be used with a frame structure agreement.

100. . . Wireless communication system

110. . . Wireless network

120. . . Base station, device

130. . . Device

140. . . Frame protocol component

150. . . Frame protocol component

160. . . Downlink

170. . . Uplink

180. . . Protection period

Claims (34)

A method of providing a wireless protocol, comprising: transmitting a transmission interval that facilitates switching between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of a wireless communication channel; and using one or more during the transmission interval a guard period to mitigate an overlap of transmission frequencies between the downlink portion of the wireless communication channel and the uplink portion, wherein the one or more protection periods comprise a control portion, and wherein the control portion is in a Before the first synchronization signal and after a second synchronization signal. As in the method of claim 1, the protection periods include a number of configurable time reservations. The method of claim 1, wherein the guard period comprises at least one downlink pilot transmission structure (DwPTS). The method of claim 1, wherein the guard period comprises at least one uplink pilot transmission structure (UpPTS). As in the method of claim 1, the guard cycles are configured for one total period of one millisecond. As in the method of claim 1, the guard cycles are configured to repeat periodically in five or ten milliseconds. As in the method of claim 1, the guard cycles are configured as two special time slots associated with eight traffic time slots during a ten millisecond interval. The method of claim 7, further comprising a ratio of downlink (d) to uplink (u) (d: u), the ratio comprising 4:4, 5:3, 6:2, or 3:5 . As in the method of claim 1, the protection cycles are configured to be in a ten millimeter A special time slot associated with nine traffic time slots during the second interval. The method of claim 9, further comprising a ratio of downlink (d) to uplink (u) (d: u), the ratio comprising 5:4, 6:3, 7:2, or 4:5 . As in the method of claim 1, the transmission interval is five milliseconds. The method of claim 1, the transmission interval comprising at least five subframes. In the method of claim 1, the transmission interval includes at least eight traffic time slots. The method of claim 13, further comprising generating at least one of a packet data control channel (PDCCH) or a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) for a portion of the eight traffic time slots. The method of claim 13, wherein the first synchronization signal is a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the second synchronization signal is a primary synchronization signal (SSS), and the method further comprises: generating for the eight communications At least one of the PSS or the SSS of one of the slots. The method of claim 13, further comprising generating one or more resource blocks for a portion of the eight traffic time slots. A communication device comprising: a memory for retaining instructions for retaining one or more time periods in a radio frame protocol, using each time period to mitigate downlink channel and uplink Frequency overlap between channels, the time period including at least a downlink portion, an uplink portion, and a protection portion, wherein the downlink portion includes a control portion, and wherein the control portion is at a first synchronization signal Before and in a second synchronization After the signal; and a processor that executes the instructions. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising instructions for configuring the time periods. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising instructions for processing a plurality of traffic time slots and a plurality of special time slots defining the time periods. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising instructions for configuring a ratio between the time slots of the traffic and the special time slots. A communication device, comprising: a generating component for generating a transmission interval including one or more special cycles adapted to mitigate a frequency overlap between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of a wireless communication; a component for configuring the special cycles; and a configuration component for configuring a ratio between the downlink portion of the wireless communication and the uplink portion, wherein the one or more special The cycle includes a control portion, and wherein the control portion precedes a first synchronization signal and after a second synchronization signal. A computer program product comprising: a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising: a code for retaining one of a downlink buffer period of a transmission interval; and for assigning a guard period to the transmission interval a code of a downlink buffer period; and a program for retaining the guard period and an uplink buffer period a code, wherein the downlink buffer period, the guard period, and the uplink buffer period are employed to facilitate handover between a downlink wireless communication period and an uplink wireless communication period, the downlink The buffer period includes a control portion that precedes a first synchronization signal and after a second synchronization signal. A processor that executes instructions for controlling at least one special period of a time period between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of a radio broadcast; transmitting a plurality of traffic periods along with the At least one special period; and utilizing the at least one special period and the traffic periods to control a transition between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of a radio broadcast, wherein the at least one special period includes a control Partially, and the control portion precedes a first synchronization signal and after a second synchronization signal. A method of providing a wireless protocol, comprising: receiving a transmission interval that facilitates handover between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of a wireless communication protocol; and processing an OR during the transmission interval Multiple protection periods to mitigate overlap of frequencies between the downlink portion of the wireless communication protocol and the uplink portion, wherein the one or more protection periods include a control portion, and wherein the control portion is in a Before the first synchronization signal and in one After the second synchronization signal. As in the method of claim 24, the guard cycles include a number of time portions that are configurable. The method of claim 24, wherein the guard period comprises at least one downlink pilot transmission structure (DwPTS) and at least one uplink pilot transmission structure (UpPTS). As in the method of claim 24, the guard cycles are configured to be two special time slots associated with eight traffic time slots during a 10 millisecond interval. The method of claim 27, further comprising a ratio of downlink (d) to uplink (u) (d: u), the ratio comprising 4:4, 5:3, 6:2, or 3:5 . As in the method of claim 24, the guard cycles are configured as a special time slot associated with nine traffic time slots during a ten millisecond interval. The method of claim 29, further comprising a ratio of downlink (d) to uplink (u) (d: u), the ratio comprising 5:4, 6:3, 7:2, or 4:5 . A communication device comprising: a memory for retaining instructions for retaining one or more time periods in a radio frame protocol, using each time period to mitigate downlink channel and uplink Frequency overlap between channels, the time period including at least a downlink portion, an uplink portion, and a protection portion, wherein the downlink portion includes a control portion, and wherein the control portion is at a first synchronization signal Before and after a second synchronization signal; and a processor that executes the instructions. A communication device comprising: a receiving component for receiving a transmission interval including one or more special cycles adapted to facilitate switching between a downlink portion and an uplink portion of a wireless communication; a configuration component for Configuring the special cycles; and configuring a component for configuring a ratio between the downlink portion of the wireless communication and the uplink portion, wherein the one or more special cycles include a control portion And wherein the control portion precedes a first synchronization signal and after a second synchronization signal. A computer program product comprising: a non-transitory computer readable medium comprising: a code for receiving a downlink buffer period of a transmission interval; and the downlink buffer period for the transmission interval Processing a protection period code; and processing code for processing the protection period and an uplink buffer period, wherein the downlink buffer period, the protection period, and the uplink buffer period are employed to facilitate a switching between a downlink radio communication period and an uplink radio communication period, the downlink buffer period including a control portion, and the control portion precedes a first synchronization signal and after a second synchronization signal . A processor that executes the following instructions: configured to control one of a downlink portion of a wireless broadcast and an uplink At least one special period of a time period between link portions; receiving a plurality of traffic periods together with the at least one special period; and processing the special periods and the ones of the traffic periods to control one of the downlinks of a radio broadcast And a transition between the portion and an uplink portion, wherein the at least one special period includes a control portion, and wherein the control portion precedes a first synchronization signal and after a second synchronization signal.